A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species Author Pirie, Michael D. Author Chatrou, Lars W. Author Maas, Paul J. M. text PhytoKeys 2018 112 1 141 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897 1314-2003-112-1 FFAEFFCDFF940F55FFCCFFB2A07D303B 1911101 17. Cremastosperma macrocarpum Maas Figs 2d , 26 , Map 9 Cremastosperma macrocarpum Maas, Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. Ser. C 89: 253, f. 2, 3b. 1986. Type. VENEZUELA, Falcon : Sierra de San Luis, above Santa Maria , 1300 m, 26 Jul 1979, van der Werff, H.H. & Vera, B., Flora Falcon 937 (holotype: U! [U0000246]). Description. Tree 5-10 m tall; young twigs and petioles glabrous. Leaves : petioles 3-10 by 1-3 mm; lamina narrowly elliptic to elliptic, 10-30 by 4-9(12) cm (index 2.3-3.7), chartaceous, green, brownish-green or brown on both sides, darker above, glabrous on both sides, base obtuse to rounded, apex acuminate (acumen 5-10 mm long), primary vein grooved in basal half, 1-2 mm wide at widest point, verrucose, secondary veins 6-12, intersecondary veins 1-2, distance between from 7-15 mm at the base to 7-23 mm closer to the apex, angles with primary vein from 60-80° at the base to 45-60° closer to the apex, not branching, forming mostly distinct loops, smallest distance between loops and margin 1-5 mm, tertiary veins mostly percurrent. Inflorescence of single flowers, on leafy twigs; peduncles ca. 1 by 0.5-1 mm (in flower), 1-2 by 1-2 mm (in fruit), sparsely covered in appressed golden hairs to 0.1 mm long or glabrous; pedicels 35-45 by 0.5-1 mm at the base up to 2.5 mm at the apex (in flower), 40-65 by 1-1.5 mm at the base up to 5 mm at the apex (in fruit), glabrous; single lower bract, depressed ovate, ca. 0.5 by 1 mm, rounded, soon falling off, rather densely covered with appressed golden hairs to 0.1 mm long; upper bract at or near base of pedicel, ovate, ca. 1.5 by 0.8 mm, obtuse, glabrous; closed flower buds not seen; flowers pale greenish-yellow with green base or cream-coloured in vivo , black in sicco , sepals and petals glabrous; sepals free, broadly to depressed ovate, recurved, 1.5-2 by 1.5-2 mm, obtuse, soon falling off; outer petals ovate, 11-14 by 8-9 mm, obtuse, inner petals obovate, 15-16 by ca. 7 mm, obtuse; androecium ca. 6.5 mm diam., gynoecium not seen. Monocarps 7-18, ellipsoid, slightly asymmetrical, 18-24 by 12-14 mm, very small strongly excentric apicule, green maturing to yellowish-brown, brown or purple-black in vivo , reddish-brown or dark brown in sicco ; stipes 7-14 by ca. 2 mm; fruiting receptacle 5-8 mm diam.; monocarps, stipes and receptacle glabrous. Seeds ellipsoid, orange-brown, shallowly pitted, ca. 20 by 8 mm, raphe sunken, regular. Distribution. Venezuela (Carabobo, Falcon , Yaracuy). Habitat and ecology. Primary or secondary evergreen cloud forest. At elevations of 700-1500 m. Flowering: July; fruiting: March, May-July, October and December. Notes. One of only two species of Cremastosperma found in Venezuela, C. macrocarpum can most easily be distinguished from C. venezuelanum by its smaller leaves (10-30 cm as opposed to 30-53 cm long) and longer pedicels (40-65 mm as opposed to 16-22 mm in fruit). Preliminary conservation status. Cremastosperma macrocarpum is known from seven collections representing five localities outside of protected areas, the most recent having been collected in 1991. Endangered [EN] (Table 1 ). Selected specimens examined. VENEZUELA. Carabobo : Rio Moron valley, 10°17'N , 68°10'W , 700-1100 m a.s.l., 3 May 1991, W. Diaz & Nino 274 (NY, U). Falcon : Cerro Galicia, 1500 m a.s.l., 10 Jun 1978, T. Ruiz Z. et al. 3499 (U). Yaracuy : Rio Carabobo, 10°26'N , 68°49'W , 800-1200 m a.s.l., 31 Mar 1980, Liesner & A. Gonzalez 9763 (MO, U); San Felipe, 10°15'N , 68°29'W , 1200 m a.s.l., 7 Dec 1980, Steyermark 123804 (U). Figure 26. Cremastosperma macrocarpum Maas. a fruiting specimen b flower ( a, b van der Werff & Vera, Flora Falcon 937 ).