169 lines
20 KiB
XML
169 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="846E78E69DFCA6D34E0E818780AE7707" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5526.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14021526" ID-ZooBank="987FAD00-32A7-4E38-AFAD-6EAC8D808FB2" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1730450932891" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Yiu, Sam King Fung & Mah, Christopher L." docDate="2024" docId="03BF87BF26245D6861C4BC4BFDFB47FC" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5526.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5526 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5526.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.19:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="19" docTitle="Persephonaster tenuis Fisher 1913" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="44" masterDocId="FF86FFC7260F5D436153BE46FFA14013" masterDocTitle="New Ecological Observations and Occurrence for Asteroidea and Echinoidea in Hong Kong" masterLastPageNumber="69" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="44" updateTime="1730893521481" updateUser="guilherme">
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<mods:title id="E46099E7CEDD8CB511D31E25DF15AEF2">New Ecological Observations and Occurrence for Asteroidea and Echinoidea in Hong Kong</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="14B8DADF3E380CFC63DFDCFD8FAB38C7">Yiu, Sam King Fung</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="77F7433C0EB373ABA43ACB5B816E1A1E">School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. cyclesamyiu @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6212 - 7339</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="161B4CFAF2443730A83DAF71A2438F1E" type="email">cyclesamyiu@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="8DDB1B0AE25BD653533CF229715B16FB">Mah, Christopher L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="87CB70E4D7F168CE625C51A103D8D2F5">School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. cyclesamyiu @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6212 - 7339 & Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington D. C. brisinga @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0178 - 8237 & School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. cyclesamyiu @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6212 - 7339</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5AC8485EAC453448034C60ECDCFD425B" type="email">cyclesamyiu@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="E18551859BCED18A8B665D1BA1DDA099">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="0E6C4E0A83AF80FFC17789E16D512B64">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DED39AD91AD84E072392124933CC5FA4">2024-10-22</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="8D41F3E200E90072680F9D5B315A5340">5526</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="C30C652226245D6861C4BC4BFD9D4234" box="[151,572,525,552]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA936A926245D6861C4BC4BFD9D4234" blockId="43.[151,572,525,587]" box="[151,572,525,552]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<heading id="D0E181C526245D6861C4BC4BFD9D4234" bold="true" box="[151,572,525,552]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C164D2A26245D6861C4BC4BFD9D4234" ID-CoL="4F9NG" authority="Fisher 1913" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1913" box="[151,572,525,552]" class="Asteroidea" family="Astropectinidae" genus="Persephonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenuis">
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<emphasis id="B962EABB26245D6861C4BC4BFD9D4234" bold="true" box="[151,572,525,552]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="B962EABB26245D6861C4BC4BFE024234" bold="true" box="[151,419,525,552]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Persephonaster tenuis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF874B5826245D6860F8BC4BFD9D4234" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[427,572,525,551]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="599 - 648" refId="ref38709" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1913) Four new genera and fifty-eight new species of starfishes from the Philippine Islands, Celebes, and the Moluccas. Proceedings of the US National Museum, 43, 599 - 648." type="journal article" year="1913">Fisher 1913</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30C652226245D6861C4BC77FEF74258" box="[151,342,561,587]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA936A926245D6861C4BC77FEF74258" blockId="43.[151,572,525,587]" box="[151,342,561,587]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<figureCitation id="132D2A2C26245D6861C4BC77FEF74258" box="[151,342,561,587]" captionStart="FIGURE 33" captionStartId="44.[151,250,1879,1903]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1855]" captionTargetId="figure-23@44.[151,1436,181,1855]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 33. Persephonaster tenuis CASIZ 28462, vicinity of Hong Kong. A. Abactinal view. B. Closeup arm abactinal surface. C. Actinal surface. D. Closeup on actinal surface showing furrow spination and other spination." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14021597" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14021597/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">FIGURE 33A–D</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30C652226245D6861C4BC3FFB42452C" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BA936A926245D6861C4BC3FFEB14280" blockId="43.[151,272,633,659]" box="[151,272,633,659]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="B962EABB26245D6861C4BC3FFEB14280" bold="true" box="[151,272,633,659]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA936A926245D6861C4BC87FDD342EC" blockId="43.[151,1437,705,1343]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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Extensive description of this species is present in
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<bibRefCitation id="EF874B5826245D68638DBC87FCD342C8" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[734,882,705,731]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="599 - 648" refId="ref38709" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1913) Four new genera and fifty-eight new species of starfishes from the Philippine Islands, Celebes, and the Moluccas. Proceedings of the US National Museum, 43, 599 - 648." type="journal article" year="1913">Fisher (1913</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF874B5826245D6862D2BC87FC1C42C8" author="Fisher W. K." box="[897,957,705,731]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="1 - 547" refId="ref38751" refString="Fisher W. K. (1919) Starfishes of the Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 3 (100), 1 - 547, 156 pls." type="journal article" year="1919">1919</bibRefCitation>
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). A brief summary of details from
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<bibRefCitation id="EF874B5826245D686405BC87FF4342EC" author="Fisher W. K." pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="1 - 547" refId="ref38751" refString="Fisher W. K. (1919) Starfishes of the Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 3 (100), 1 - 547, 156 pls." type="journal article" year="1919">Fisher (1919)</bibRefCitation>
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is included herein for convenience.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA936A926245D686194BD4FFD04439C" blockId="43.[151,1437,705,1343]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Body strongly stellate (R/r=4.5), arms slender and narrow, interradial arcs acute. Abactinal region narrow, paxillae from interradial area with 15–18 peripheral and 8–12 central, terence, slender, blunt or bluntly pointed spinelets, longer than the low tabular. Many paxillae with an inconspicuous central fasciculate or fasciculatepectinate pedicellaria with 4–6 spiniform jaws.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA936A926245D686194BDDFFDA14450" blockId="43.[151,1437,705,1343]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Marginal plates block-like forming conspicuous border around periphery. Plates covered with small, slender appressed squamiform spinelets, which become enlarged distally along the arm into 1 to 3 short appressed spineless. Inferomarginals bearing a slightly oblique comb of proximally five distally three or four slender, appressed sharp spines. General covering of the plates consists of appressed, uncrowded squamules round tipped proximally on ray becoming more pointed distally.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA936A926245D686194BA0BFE6944C0" blockId="43.[151,1437,705,1343]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Actinal intermediate plates small forming a single series extending to the tenth inferomarginal or less than 1/3 of arm length. Actinal plates bear spaced groups of lanceolate, papilliform, blunt spinelets, 4–8. The central spinelet enlarged in a minority of these groups. Minority of adambulacrals with a pectinate or fasciculate pectinate pedicellaria with 6 –8 tech.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA936A926245D686194BA9BFB42452C" blockId="43.[151,1437,705,1343]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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Adambulacral plate with furrow spines, 7–8 with shortest on the lateral spines, so that the end of the spine has a curved contour. Subambulacral spines,
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<quantity id="4CEE9B4C26245D686330BB47FD0B4508" box="[611,682,1281,1307]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.397" metricValueMax="1.778" metricValueMin="1.016" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="in" value="5.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="4.0">4–7 in</quantity>
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a single series becoming
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<quantity id="4CEE9B4C26245D686299BB47FBBE4508" box="[970,1055,1281,1307]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" metricValueMax="2.54" metricValueMin="2.032" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="in" value="9.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="8.0">8–10 in</quantity>
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two or three series distally. These latter distal subambulacrals much shorter than the furrow spines. Oral plates with 14–16 spinelets.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30C652226245D6861C4BBC0FB934731" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BA936A926245D6861C4BBC0FEBF45B3" blockId="43.[151,286,1414,1440]" box="[151,286,1414,1440]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="B962EABB26245D6861C4BBC0FEBF45B3" bold="true" box="[151,286,1414,1440]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Comments</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA936A926245D6861C4BB89FB3D466A" blockId="43.[151,1436,1487,1657]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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Although published by
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<bibRefCitation id="EF874B5826245D6860C5BB89FD8545FA" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[406,548,1487,1513]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="599 - 648" refId="ref38709" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1913) Four new genera and fifty-eight new species of starfishes from the Philippine Islands, Celebes, and the Moluccas. Proceedings of the US National Museum, 43, 599 - 648." type="journal article" year="1913">Fisher (1913</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EF874B5826245D68637EBB89FDC745FA" author="Fisher W. K." box="[557,614,1487,1513]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="1 - 547" refId="ref38751" refString="Fisher W. K. (1919) Starfishes of the Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 3 (100), 1 - 547, 156 pls." type="journal article" year="1919">1919</bibRefCitation>
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) as part of his
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<collectingCountry id="F301763926245D6863ADBB89FCCB45FA" box="[766,874,1487,1513]" name="Indonesia" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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/Philippine monograph, this species was apparently collected from two localities off the coast of
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<collectingCountry id="F301763926245D6863D6BBB5FCA6461E" box="[645,775,1523,1549]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
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(
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<typeStatus id="54AD880B26245D686246BBB5FCD8461E" box="[789,889,1523,1549]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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from
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<geoCoordinate id="EE22506E26245D6862E8BBB5FB81461E" box="[955,1056,1523,1549]" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" precision="925" value="20.616667">20º37’ N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE22506E26245D686579BBB4FB39461E" box="[1066,1176,1522,1549]" degrees="115" direction="east" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" precision="925" value="115.71667">115º43’ E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="4CEE9B4C26245D6865F0BBB5FB4C461E" box="[1187,1261,1523,1549]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.16" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="416.0">416 m</quantity>
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). CASIZ 28462 is mentioned in
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EF874B5826245D686001B851FD894622" author="Fisher W. K." box="[338,552,1559,1585]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="1 - 547" refId="ref38751" refString="Fisher W. K. (1919) Starfishes of the Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 3 (100), 1 - 547, 156 pls." type="journal article" year="1919">Fisher (1919: 123)</bibRefCitation>
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as the specimen collected “near type-locality.” Fisher doubted the collection depth which he mentioned as “probable error in locality.” This species was not included in past inventories from
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<collectingCountry id="F301763926245D6861C4B819FEBB466A" box="[151,282,1631,1657]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
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which included only coverage of shallow-water species (e.g. A.M.
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<bibRefCitation id="EF874B5826245D68655DB819FB31466A" author="Clark, A. M." box="[1038,1168,1631,1657]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="485 - 501" refId="ref37975" refString="Clark, A. M. (1980) Echinoderms of Hong Kong, In: Morton, B. S. & Tseng, C. K. (Eds.), P roceedings of the First International Marine Biological Workshop: The Marine Flora and Fauna of Hong Kong and Southern China, Hong Kong. Hong Kong University, Hoong Kong Press, Hong Kong, pp. 485 - 501." type="book chapter" year="1980">Clark 1980</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BA936A926245D6861C4B886FE6B46C9" blockId="43.[151,458,1728,1754]" box="[151,458,1728,1754]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="B962EABB26245D6861C4B886FE6B46C9" bold="true" box="[151,458,1728,1754]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Occurrence/Distribution</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA936A926245D6861C4B94EFB934731" blockId="43.[151,1074,1800,1827]" box="[151,1074,1800,1827]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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South east of
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<collectingCountry id="F301763926245D686063B94FFE164730" box="[304,439,1801,1827]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
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, South
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<collectingCountry id="F301763926245D686359B94EFDEC4731" box="[522,589,1800,1826]" name="China" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">China</collectingCountry>
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Sea, (
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<quantity id="4CEE9B4C26245D6863C1B94EFD454731" box="[658,740,1800,1827]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.95" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="69.5">69.5 m</quantity>
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||
? error? probably
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||
<quantity id="4CEE9B4C26245D6862FAB94EFB884731" box="[937,1065,1800,1826]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.985" metricValueMax="4.16" metricValueMin="3.81" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="398.5" valueMax="416.0" valueMin="381.0">381–416 m</quantity>
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||
)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C30C652226245D6861C4B92FFDFB47FC" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="materials_examined">
|
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<paragraph id="8BA936A926245D6861C4B92FFE2A4790" blockId="43.[151,395,1897,1923]" box="[151,395,1897,1923]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="B962EABB26245D6861C4B92FFE2A4790" bold="true" box="[151,395,1897,1923]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Material Examined</emphasis>
|
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA936A926245D6861C4B9F7FDFB47FC" blockId="43.[151,1436,1969,2032]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B7E3CF426245D6861C4B9F7FDF747FC" collectingDate="1908-08-09" collectionCode="CASIZ" collectorName="USFC Steamer Albatross" country="Hong Kong" latitude="21.7" longitude="114.833336" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" specimenCode="CASIZ 28462" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBB09ED226245D6861C4B9F7FE9647D8" box="[151,311,1969,1995]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">CASIZ 28462</specimenCode>
|
||
, the vicinity of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F301763926245D6860B3B9F4FDC347DF" box="[480,610,1970,1996]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE22506E26245D68633BB9F7FD6C47DF" box="[616,717,1969,1996]" degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" precision="925" value="21.7">21º42’ N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE22506E26245D686385B9F7FCEB47DF" box="[726,842,1969,1996]" degrees="114" direction="east" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" precision="925" value="114.833336">114º 50’ E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CEE9B4C26245D686207B9F7FC0047DF" box="[852,929,1969,1996]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.95" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="69.5">69.5 m</quantity>
|
||
(38 fathoms), Coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="26E3537F26245D68652DB9F7FA3947D8" box="[1150,1432,1969,1995]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">USFC Steamer Albatross</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFA8106926245D6861C4B993FE9F47FC" box="[151,318,2005,2032]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" value="1908-08-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFECE98126245D6861C4B993FE9F47FC" box="[151,318,2005,2032]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" value="1908-08-09">9 August 1908</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
. 1 dry spec. R=8.2 r=1.8
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |