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<document id="E8EDA767E5AFAD9F9FE676FA47E42930" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw014" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14805073" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1738700198833" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gustafson, Grey T &amp; Miller, Kelly B" docDate="2017" docId="03DF87AD3B75B84A4CE4FACCC39E947C" docLanguage="en" docName="zlw014.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 181 (1)" docSource="http://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/181/1/118/3078533/Systematics-and-evolution-of-the-whirligig-beetle" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-2023.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Enhydrus Laporte 1835" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="138" masterDocId="FFE6FFD53B66B85E4F7CFFC6C22F973C" masterDocTitle="Systematics and evolution of the whirligig beetle tribe Dineutini (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae: Gyrininae)" masterLastPageNumber="150" masterPageNumber="118" pageNumber="137" updateTime="1738701660601" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="2277CD37419F619346E168EC2838F29B">Systematics and evolution of the whirligig beetle tribe Dineutini (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae: Gyrininae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03DF87AD3B75B84A4CE4FACCC39E947C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805286" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14805286" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DF87AD3B75B84A4CE4FACCC39E947C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DF87AD3B75B84A4CE4FACCC39E947C" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="138" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">
<subSubSection id="C36C65303B75B84D4CE4FACCC70E921F" box="[920,1313,1290,1315]" pageId="19" pageNumber="137" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC936BB3B75B84D4CE4FACCC70E921F" blockId="19.[890,1343,1290,1345]" box="[920,1313,1290,1315]" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">
<heading id="D08181D73B75B84D4CE4FACCC70E921F" box="[920,1313,1290,1315]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="19" pageNumber="137" reason="2">
<smallCapsWord id="8D2FA0673B75B84D4CE4FACCC1C7921D" baselines="1309,1308" box="[920,1000,1290,1315]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Genus" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">GENUS</smallCapsWord>
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B75B84D4C93FACDC70E921F" ID-CoL="8X7D9" authority="LAPORTE, 1835" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1835" box="[1007,1313,1290,1315]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enhydrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<smallCapsWord id="8D2FA0673B75B84D4C93FACDC641921D" baselines="1308,1308" box="[1007,1134,1291,1314]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Enhydrus" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B75B84D4C93FACDC641921D" box="[1007,1134,1291,1314]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">ENHYDRUS</emphasis>
</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D2FA0673B75B84D4B08FACCC6F3921D" baselines="1309,1308" box="[1140,1244,1290,1315]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Laporte" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">LAPORTE</smallCapsWord>
, 1835
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C36C65303B75B84A4C06FAEEC39E947C" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="138" pageId="19" pageNumber="137" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC936BB3B75B84D4C06FAEEC710927D" blockId="19.[890,1343,1290,1345]" box="[890,1343,1320,1345]" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">
(
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B75B84D4CFFFAEEC1E1927D" box="[899,974,1320,1345]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[163,242,1532,1554]" captionTargetBox="[165,1441,197,1491]" captionTargetId="figure-151@6.[163,1443,195,1492]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Phylogeny of the Dineutini based on Bayesian tip-dating analysis Part 2. Labels at node denote posterior probability, blue bars indicate 95% hpd for age.The green clades indicate members of Macrogyrus, with the lightest green showing the Macrogyrus s.s. subgenus, the next darkest members of the subgenus Cyclomimus, and the darkest green showing the subgenus Andogyrus stat. nov. Orange indicates the genus Enhydrus. Species are approximately to relative scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805077" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805077/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">
<smallCapsWord id="8D2FA0673B75B84D4CFFFAEEC196927C" baselines="1339,1339" box="[899,953,1320,1345]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Figs" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">FIGS</smallCapsWord>
2
</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B75B84D4CA7FAEEC1D4927D" box="[987,1019,1320,1345]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[145,230,1731,1753]" captionTargetBox="[150,757,957,1690]" captionTargetId="figure-659@11.[149,757,956,1691]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Head capsules of dineutine species, anterior view. Scale bars = 1 mm. Abbreviations: lbr, labrum: cly, clypeus: frb, frontolateral bead. (A) Enhydrus sulcatus; (B) Macrogyrus (Macrogyrus) australis; (C) Dineutus (Cyclous) australis; (D) M. (Andogyrus) seriatopunctatus; (E) Porrorhynchus landaisi; (F) M. (Cyclomimus) purpurascens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805081" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805081/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">4A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B75B84D4B74FAEEC606927D" box="[1032,1065,1320,1345]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="12.[163,244,547,569]" captionTargetBox="[355,1250,196,506]" captionTargetId="figure-30@12.[354,1250,195,507]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 5. Antennae of dineutine species: above, anterior view; below, posterior. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. (A) Macrogyrus (Macrogyrus) australis; (B) M. (Andogyrus) zimmermanni; (C) Porrorhynchus landaisi; (D) Enhydrus tibialis; (E) Dineutus (Cyclous) australis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805083/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">5D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B75B84D4B4AFAEEC679927D" box="[1078,1110,1320,1345]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="12.[163,242,1784,1806]" captionTargetBox="[388,1218,690,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-76@12.[387,1219,689,1745]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 6. Meso- and meta-ventrites of dineutine species and a gyrinine species, ventral view, scale bars = 1 mm, except (F). (A) Enhydrus sulcatus; (B) Macrogyrus (Andogyrus) colombicus; (C) Porrorhynchus marginatus; (D) Dineutus (Cyclous) carolinus; (E) Mesodineutes amurensis†; (F) Gyrinus maculiventris, scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805085" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805085/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">6A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B75B84D4B18FAEEC6AF927D" box="[1124,1152,1320,1345]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="15.[145,226,1092,1114]" captionTargetBox="[210,1359,196,1050]" captionTargetId="figure-310@15.[209,1361,195,1052]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 9. Protarsus of male dineutine species. Abbreviations: di, protarsal discus; sb, setose brush. (A) Macrogyrus (Andogyrus) zimmermanni, scale bar = 500 µm; (B) M. (Macrogyrus) sp., scale bar = 500 µm; (C) M. (M.) albertisi, scale bar = 500 µm; (D) Porrorhynchus marginatus, scale bar = 1 mm; (E) Dineutus (Dineutus) ‘n. sp.’, scale bar = 1 mm; (F) Enhydrus atratus, scale bar = 2 mm; (G) D. (Cyclous) australis, scale bar = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805091" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805091/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">9F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B75B84D4BF1FAEEC6F4927D" box="[1165,1243,1320,1345]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="17.[145,224,1384,1406]" captionTargetBox="[370,1201,858,1344]" captionTargetId="figure-240@17.[369,1201,857,1345]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 12. Female reproductive tracts. Abbreviations: bg, bursal gland; scale bars = 1 mm. (A) Macrogyrus (Andogyrus) seriatopunctatus, ventral view; (B) gonocoxa of the same; (C) lateral view of the same; (D) M. (Macrogyrus) gouldii, ventral view; (E) gonocoxa of the same; (F) Enhydrus tibialis, ventral view; (G) gonocoxa of the same." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805097" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805097/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">12F–G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B75B84D4B94FAEEC719927D" box="[1256,1334,1320,1345]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="18.[163,243,1338,1360]" captionTargetBox="[325,1280,197,1295]" captionTargetId="figure-216@18.[323,1283,195,1298]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 13. Sperm of dineutine species, exhibiting primary conjugation via spermatostyles. (A) Enhydrus atratus, scale bar = 300 µm; (B) the same, scale bar = 50 µm; (C) the same with single sperm, scale bar = 20 µm; (D) Dineutus emarginatus, scale bar = 50 µm; (E) Macrogyrus (Macrogyrus) rivularis, scale bar = 100 µm; (F) Porrorhynchus marginatus, scale bar = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805099" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805099/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">13A–C</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC936BB3B75B84D4C55FA94C751925A" blockId="19.[809,1406,1361,1383]" box="[809,1406,1361,1383]" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B75B84D4C55FA94C197925B" box="[809,952,1362,1383]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">
<typeStatus id="54CD88193B75B84D4C55FA94C171925B" box="[809,862,1362,1383]" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">Type</typeStatus>
species:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B75B84D4CC3FA97C755925A" authority="(Wiedemann, 1821)" baseAuthorityName="Wiedemann" baseAuthorityYear="1821" box="[959,1402,1361,1383]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enhydrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcatus">
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B75B84D4CC3FA97C6BB925A" box="[959,1172,1361,1382]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">Enhydrus sulcatus</emphasis>
(Wiedemann, 1821)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC936BB3B75B84D4C55FA49C6B592FF" blockId="19.[809,1425,1422,1475]" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B75B84D4C55FA49C6379298" box="[809,1048,1423,1444]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">Synonyms: Epinectus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B4A3B75B84D4B67FA48C6B69298" author="Aube C" box="[1051,1177,1422,1444]" pageId="19" pageNumber="137" refId="ref16651" refString="Aube C. 1838. Hydrocanthares et gyriniens. In: Dejean PFMA, ed. Species general des coleopteres de la collection de M. le Comte Dejean. Paris: Mequignon Pere et Fils, xvi + 804 pp." type="book" year="1838">Aubé, 1838</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B75B84D4BDEFA49C14D92FE" authority="Regimbart, 1877" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1877" genus="Epinectes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="19" pageNumber="137" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B75B84D4BDEFA49C7219298" box="[1186,1294,1423,1444]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">Epinectes</emphasis>
Régimbart, 1877
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B75B84D4C10FA6BC6B992FF" authority="Guignot, 1954" authorityName="Guignot" authorityYear="1954" box="[876,1174,1453,1475]" class="Insecta" family="Gyrinidae" genus="Prothydrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B75B84D4C10FA6BC1C392FE" box="[876,1004,1453,1474]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">Prothydrus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B4A3B75B84D4C8FFA6BC6B992FF" author="Guignot F" box="[1011,1174,1453,1475]" pageId="19" pageNumber="137" pagination="40 - 45" refId="ref18018" refString="Guignot F. 1954. Quarantieme note sur les Hydrocanthares. Bulletin et Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique 90: 40-45." type="journal article" year="1954">Guignot, 1954</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC936BB3B75B84A4C55FA2DC06597C5" blockId="19.[809,1426,1514,1874]" lastBlockId="20.[163,778,197,250]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="138" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B75B84D4C55FA2DC18F913C" box="[809,928,1515,1536]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Within the tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B75B84D4B21FA2CC6E3913C" authorityName="DESMAREST" authorityYear="1851" box="[1117,1228,1514,1536]" class="Insecta" family="Gyrinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Dineutini">Dineutini</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B75B84D4BA9FA2CC76A92C3" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1835" box="[1237,1349,1514,1535]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enhydrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="137" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B75B84D4BA9FA2CC76A92C3" box="[1237,1349,1514,1535]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">Enhydrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be diagnosed by the following combination of characters: (1) antenna of most species with 7 flagellomeres (
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B75B84D4C4EF980C1A29160" box="[818,909,1606,1628]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="12.[163,244,547,569]" captionTargetBox="[355,1250,196,506]" captionTargetId="figure-30@12.[354,1250,195,507]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 5. Antennae of dineutine species: above, anterior view; below, posterior. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. (A) Macrogyrus (Macrogyrus) australis; (B) M. (Andogyrus) zimmermanni; (C) Porrorhynchus landaisi; (D) Enhydrus tibialis; (E) Dineutus (Cyclous) australis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805083/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
) – one with 6, (2) fons with lateral bead (
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B75B84D4C4DF9A3C1AB9146" box="[817,900,1637,1659]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[145,230,1731,1753]" captionTargetBox="[150,757,957,1690]" captionTargetId="figure-659@11.[149,757,956,1691]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Head capsules of dineutine species, anterior view. Scale bars = 1 mm. Abbreviations: lbr, labrum: cly, clypeus: frb, frontolateral bead. (A) Enhydrus sulcatus; (B) Macrogyrus (Macrogyrus) australis; (C) Dineutus (Cyclous) australis; (D) M. (Andogyrus) seriatopunctatus; (E) Porrorhynchus landaisi; (F) M. (Cyclomimus) purpurascens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805081" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805081/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
), (3) pronotal transverse impressed line present, (4) elytral striae present as strongly impressed lines, (5) scutellar shield visible with elytra closed, (6) protibia laterally expanded apically (as in
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B75B84D4A4DF907C7AD91EA" box="[1329,1410,1729,1751]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[163,241,1028,1050]" captionTargetBox="[324,1283,196,987]" captionTargetId="figure-337@14.[323,1283,195,988]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. Prolegs of male dineutine species. Abbreviations: sb, setose brush; asr, anterior row of profemoral setae; psr, posterior row of profemoral setae; sp, setigerous puncture. (A) Macrogyrus (Andogyrus) zimmermanni protibial apex, posterior view, scale bar = 400 µm; (B) Porrorhynchus marginatus protibia, posterior view, scale bar = 500 µm; (C) Dineutus (Cyclous) australis protrochanter and profemur, ventral view, scale bar = 500 µm; (D) M. (A.) zimmermanni protrochanter and profemur, ventral view, scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805089" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805089/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
), (7) broad, compact male protarsi (
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B75B84D4BCDF926C72D91C9" box="[1201,1282,1760,1782]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="15.[145,226,1092,1114]" captionTargetBox="[210,1359,196,1050]" captionTargetId="figure-310@15.[209,1361,195,1052]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 9. Protarsus of male dineutine species. Abbreviations: di, protarsal discus; sb, setose brush. (A) Macrogyrus (Andogyrus) zimmermanni, scale bar = 500 µm; (B) M. (Macrogyrus) sp., scale bar = 500 µm; (C) M. (M.) albertisi, scale bar = 500 µm; (D) Porrorhynchus marginatus, scale bar = 1 mm; (E) Dineutus (Dineutus) ‘n. sp.’, scale bar = 1 mm; (F) Enhydrus atratus, scale bar = 2 mm; (G) D. (Cyclous) australis, scale bar = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805091" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805091/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">Fig. 9F</figureCitation>
), protarsi of both sexes often with fused segments and large protarsal claws, (8) metaventrite medially pentagonal in shape (
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B75B84D4CDDF8FAC1D8906E" box="[929,1015,1852,1874]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="12.[163,242,1784,1806]" captionTargetBox="[388,1218,690,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-76@12.[387,1219,689,1745]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 6. Meso- and meta-ventrites of dineutine species and a gyrinine species, ventral view, scale bars = 1 mm, except (F). (A) Enhydrus sulcatus; (B) Macrogyrus (Andogyrus) colombicus; (C) Porrorhynchus marginatus; (D) Dineutus (Cyclous) carolinus; (E) Mesodineutes amurensis†; (F) Gyrinus maculiventris, scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805085" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805085/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="137">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
), (9) suture of abdominal sternite II present and (10) female RT without vagina shield, gonocoxae short and stout (
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B72B84A4EA6FF22C01597C5" box="[474,570,228,250]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="17.[145,224,1384,1406]" captionTargetBox="[370,1201,858,1344]" captionTargetId="figure-240@17.[369,1201,857,1345]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 12. Female reproductive tracts. Abbreviations: bg, bursal gland; scale bars = 1 mm. (A) Macrogyrus (Andogyrus) seriatopunctatus, ventral view; (B) gonocoxa of the same; (C) lateral view of the same; (D) M. (Macrogyrus) gouldii, ventral view; (E) gonocoxa of the same; (F) Enhydrus tibialis, ventral view; (G) gonocoxa of the same." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805097" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805097/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="138">Fig. 12G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC936BB3B72B84A4FDFFEE4C38C9648" blockId="20.[163,779,289,372]" pageId="20" pageNumber="138">
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B72B84A4FDFFEE4C332960B" box="[163,285,290,311]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="138">Taxonomy:</emphasis>
There are four known species in the genus. The species of
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B72B84A4E31FE86C3909669" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1835" box="[333,447,320,341]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enhydrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B72B84A4E31FE86C3909669" box="[333,447,320,341]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="138">Enhydrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were last treated taxonomically by
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B4A3B72B84A4E7DFE98C3B39648" author="Brinck P" box="[257,412,350,372]" pageId="20" pageNumber="138" pagination="317 - 326" refId="ref17275" refString="Brinck P. 1978. Derivation, taxonomy and history of distribution of whirligig beetle genus Enhydrus (Coleoptera - Gyrinidae). Entomologica Germanica 4: 317-326." type="journal article" year="1978">Brinck (1978)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC936BB3B72B84A4FDFFE5AC3EE96D2" blockId="20.[163,778,412,495]" pageId="20" pageNumber="138">
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B72B84A4FDFFE5AC365968D" box="[163,330,412,433]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="138">Distribution:</emphasis>
Disparately distributed in South American and extreme south-eastern Central America (
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B72B84A4FD7FE1FC32596D2" box="[171,266,473,495]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="19.[146,224,1187,1209]" captionTargetBox="[146,1425,196,1147]" captionTargetId="figure-326@19.[145,1425,195,1148]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 14. General distribution maps of dineutine genera. (A) Dineutus; (B) Porrorhynchus); (C) Enhydrus; (D) Macrogyrus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805101/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="138">Fig. 14C</figureCitation>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B4A3B72B84A4E5DFE1FC39D96D2" author="Brinck P" box="[289,434,473,495]" pageId="20" pageNumber="138" pagination="241 - 269" refId="ref17250" refString="Brinck P. 1977. Evolution and taxonomy of Andogyrus Ochs (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae). Entomologica Scandinavica 8: 241-269." type="journal article" year="1977">Brinck, 1977</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC936BB3B72B84A4FDFFDD1C39E947C" blockId="20.[163,779,534,832]" pageId="20" pageNumber="138">
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B72B84A4FDFFDD1C31B9510" box="[163,308,535,556]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="138">Discussion:</emphasis>
The genus
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B72B84A4EACFDD0C0639517" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1835" box="[464,588,534,555]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enhydrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B72B84A4EACFDD0C0639517" box="[464,588,534,555]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="138">Enhydrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lacks a single autapomorphy; however, retention of a fully developed suture to abdominal sternite II is unique to this genus. Fusion of the protarsomeres is unique to
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B72B84A4FDFFD57C338959A" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1835" box="[163,279,657,678]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enhydrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B72B84A4FDFFD57C338959A" box="[163,279,657,678]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="138">Enhydrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as well, but not all species exhibit protarsomere fusion (e.g.
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B72B84A4EF6FD76C02F95F9" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1876" box="[394,512,688,709]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enhydrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tibialis">
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B72B84A4EF6FD76C02F95F9" box="[394,512,688,709]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="138">E. tibialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Molecular data (
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B72B84A4DA2FD76C2EF95D8" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[145,230,1731,1753]" captionTargetBox="[150,757,957,1690]" captionTargetId="figure-659@11.[149,757,956,1691]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Head capsules of dineutine species, anterior view. Scale bars = 1 mm. Abbreviations: lbr, labrum: cly, clypeus: frb, frontolateral bead. (A) Enhydrus sulcatus; (B) Macrogyrus (Macrogyrus) australis; (C) Dineutus (Cyclous) australis; (D) M. (Andogyrus) seriatopunctatus; (E) Porrorhynchus landaisi; (F) M. (Cyclomimus) purpurascens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805081" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805081/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="138">Fig. S4</figureCitation>
) however strongly support
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B72B84A4D79FD08C05795DF" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1835" box="[517,632,718,739]" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enhydrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="138" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B72B84A4D79FD08C05795DF" box="[517,632,718,739]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="138">Enhydrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a distinct monophyletic group, and in general morphology species strongly resemble one another, despite lacking a distinct synapomorphy.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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