244 lines
42 KiB
XML
244 lines
42 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="FB111DD7CFB6AEB71E03CFF59C6635A3">Systematics and evolution of the whirligig beetle tribe Dineutini (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae: Gyrininae)</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B70B8484E3FF9FDC0EE916F" authority="LAPORTE, 1835" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1835" box="[323,705,1594,1619]" class="Insecta" family="Gyrinidae" genus="Porrorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B902EAA93B70B8484E3FF9FDC022916E" box="[323,525,1595,1618]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">PORRORHYNCHUS</emphasis>
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, 1835
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</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection id="C36C65303B70B8484F9BF99FC1D39217" pageId="22" pageNumber="140" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC936BB3B70B8484F9BF99FC0E9914E" blockId="22.[231,710,1594,1650]" box="[231,710,1625,1650]" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">
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(
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<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B70B8484F93F99FC315914E" box="[239,314,1625,1650]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="5.[146,225,1515,1537]" captionTargetBox="[146,1425,197,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-163@5.[145,1425,195,1475]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogeny of the Dineutini based on Bayesian tip-dating analysis Part 1. Labels at node denote posterior probability, blue bars indicate 95% hpd for age. The blue clades indicate members of Dineutus, with lighter blue showing the subgenus Cyclous sensu nov. and the dark blue the Dineutus s.s. subgenus. Purple indicates the genus Porrorhynchus. Species are approximately to relative scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805075" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805075/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">
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</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B70B8484E3BF99FC348914E" box="[327,359,1625,1650]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[145,230,1731,1753]" captionTargetBox="[150,757,957,1690]" captionTargetId="figure-659@11.[149,757,956,1691]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Head capsules of dineutine species, anterior view. Scale bars = 1 mm. Abbreviations: lbr, labrum: cly, clypeus: frb, frontolateral bead. (A) Enhydrus sulcatus; (B) Macrogyrus (Macrogyrus) australis; (C) Dineutus (Cyclous) australis; (D) M. (Andogyrus) seriatopunctatus; (E) Porrorhynchus landaisi; (F) M. (Cyclomimus) purpurascens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805081" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805081/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">4E</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B70B8484E08F99FC3BB914E" box="[372,404,1625,1650]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="12.[163,244,547,569]" captionTargetBox="[355,1250,196,506]" captionTargetId="figure-30@12.[354,1250,195,507]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 5. Antennae of dineutine species: above, anterior view; below, posterior. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. (A) Macrogyrus (Macrogyrus) australis; (B) M. (Andogyrus) zimmermanni; (C) Porrorhynchus landaisi; (D) Enhydrus tibialis; (E) Dineutus (Cyclous) australis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805083/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">5C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B70B8484EDDF99FC3EF914E" box="[417,448,1625,1650]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="12.[163,242,1784,1806]" captionTargetBox="[388,1218,690,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-76@12.[387,1219,689,1745]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 6. Meso- and meta-ventrites of dineutine species and a gyrinine species, ventral view, scale bars = 1 mm, except (F). (A) Enhydrus sulcatus; (B) Macrogyrus (Andogyrus) colombicus; (C) Porrorhynchus marginatus; (D) Dineutus (Cyclous) carolinus; (E) Mesodineutes amurensis†; (F) Gyrinus maculiventris, scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805085" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805085/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">6C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B70B8484EB2F99FC3C1914E" box="[462,494,1625,1650]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[145,224,1761,1783]" captionTargetBox="[306,1263,749,1720]" captionTargetId="figure-235@13.[304,1265,747,1722]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Protrochanters of male dineutine species, ventral view. Abbreviations: ts, protrochanteric setae; wx, waxy spot; pt, protrochanteric setose patch. (A) Dineutus (Cyclous) australis, scale bar = 200 µm. pb, protrochanteric brush; (B) Dineutus (Cyclous) proximus, scale bar = 500 µm; (C) D. (Dineutus) ‘n. sp.’ Scale bar = 300 µm; (D) D. (Cyclous) serrulatus analis, scale bar = 300 µm; (E) Porrorhynchus marginatus, scale bar = 400 µm; (F) Macrogyrus (Macrogyrus) albertisi, scale bar = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805087" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805087/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">7E</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B70B8484E87F99FC034914E" box="[507,539,1625,1650]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[163,241,1028,1050]" captionTargetBox="[324,1283,196,987]" captionTargetId="figure-337@14.[323,1283,195,988]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. Prolegs of male dineutine species. Abbreviations: sb, setose brush; asr, anterior row of profemoral setae; psr, posterior row of profemoral setae; sp, setigerous puncture. (A) Macrogyrus (Andogyrus) zimmermanni protibial apex, posterior view, scale bar = 400 µm; (B) Porrorhynchus marginatus protibia, posterior view, scale bar = 500 µm; (C) Dineutus (Cyclous) australis protrochanter and profemur, ventral view, scale bar = 500 µm; (D) M. (A.) zimmermanni protrochanter and profemur, ventral view, scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805089" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805089/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">8B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B70B8484D54F99FC066914E" box="[552,585,1625,1650]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="15.[145,226,1092,1114]" captionTargetBox="[210,1359,196,1050]" captionTargetId="figure-310@15.[209,1361,195,1052]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 9. Protarsus of male dineutine species. Abbreviations: di, protarsal discus; sb, setose brush. (A) Macrogyrus (Andogyrus) zimmermanni, scale bar = 500 µm; (B) M. (Macrogyrus) sp., scale bar = 500 µm; (C) M. (M.) albertisi, scale bar = 500 µm; (D) Porrorhynchus marginatus, scale bar = 1 mm; (E) Dineutus (Dineutus) ‘n. sp.’, scale bar = 1 mm; (F) Enhydrus atratus, scale bar = 2 mm; (G) D. (Cyclous) australis, scale bar = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805091" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805091/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">9D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B70B8484D2AF99FC0AB914E" box="[598,644,1625,1650]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="17.[145,223,719,741]" captionTargetBox="[370,1201,196,679]" captionTargetId="figure-176@17.[369,1201,195,680]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 11. Female reproductive tracts, ventral view. Abbreviations: sp, spermatheca; fd, fertilization duct; ov, common oviduct; bu, bursa; lt, laterotergite; vs, vaginal shield; mp, medial apodeme of gonocoxa; gc, gonocoxa; scale bars = 1 mm. (A) Porrorhynchus landaisi; (B) Dineutus (Dineutus) tetracanthus; (C) D. (Cyclous) discolor; (D) D. (Rhomborhynchus) depressus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805095/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">11A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B70B8484DEDF99FC090914E" box="[657,703,1625,1650]" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="18.[163,243,1338,1360]" captionTargetBox="[325,1280,197,1295]" captionTargetId="figure-216@18.[323,1283,195,1298]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="Figure 13. Sperm of dineutine species, exhibiting primary conjugation via spermatostyles. (A) Enhydrus atratus, scale bar = 300 µm; (B) the same, scale bar = 50 µm; (C) the same with single sperm, scale bar = 20 µm; (D) Dineutus emarginatus, scale bar = 50 µm; (E) Macrogyrus (Macrogyrus) rivularis, scale bar = 100 µm; (F) Porrorhynchus marginatus, scale bar = 100 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805099" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805099/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">13F</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC936BB3B70B8484FDFF944C12891AB" blockId="22.[163,775,1665,1687]" box="[163,775,1665,1687]" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">
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<emphasis id="B902EAA93B70B8484FDFF944C31F91AB" box="[163,304,1666,1687]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">
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<typeStatus id="54CD88193B70B8484FDFF944C2F791AB" box="[163,216,1666,1687]" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B70B8484E4BF947C12891AB" authority="Laporte, 1835" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1835" box="[311,775,1665,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Gyrinidae" genus="Porrorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marginatus">
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<emphasis id="B902EAA93B70B8484E4BF947C04991AB" box="[311,614,1665,1687]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Porrorhynchus marginatus</emphasis>
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Laporte, 1835
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC936BB3B70B8484FDFF979C04D91E8" blockId="22.[163,610,1726,1748]" box="[163,610,1726,1748]" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">
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<emphasis id="B902EAA93B70B8484FDFF979C3E491EF" box="[163,459,1726,1748]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Synonyms: Ceylorhynchus</emphasis>
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Brinck, 1955
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC936BB3B70B8484FDFF93AC6739556" blockId="22.[163,778,1788,1871]" lastBlockId="22.[827,1444,197,618]" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">
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<emphasis id="B902EAA93B70B8484FDFF93AC331902D" box="[163,286,1788,1809]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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Within the tribe
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<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B70B8484E96F93AC076902E" authorityName="DESMAREST" authorityYear="1851" box="[490,601,1788,1810]" class="Insecta" family="Gyrinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Dineutini">Dineutini</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B70B8484D1DF93AC125902D" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1835" box="[609,778,1788,1809]" class="Insecta" family="Gyrinidae" genus="Porrorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B902EAA93B70B8484D1DF93AC125902D" box="[609,778,1788,1809]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Porrorhynchus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be diagnosed by the following combination of characters: (1) Labrum elongate and triangular in form (
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<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B70B8484C3FFF03C1B897E6" box="[835,919,197,219]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[145,230,1731,1753]" captionTargetBox="[150,757,957,1690]" captionTargetId="figure-659@11.[149,757,956,1691]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Head capsules of dineutine species, anterior view. Scale bars = 1 mm. Abbreviations: lbr, labrum: cly, clypeus: frb, frontolateral bead. (A) Enhydrus sulcatus; (B) Macrogyrus (Macrogyrus) australis; (C) Dineutus (Cyclous) australis; (D) M. (Andogyrus) seriatopunctatus; (E) Porrorhynchus landaisi; (F) M. (Cyclomimus) purpurascens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805081" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805081/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
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), (2) gular suture incomplete, (3) frons without lateral bead (
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<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B70B8484B7DFF22C67C97C5" box="[1025,1107,228,250]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[145,230,1731,1753]" captionTargetBox="[150,757,957,1690]" captionTargetId="figure-659@11.[149,757,956,1691]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Head capsules of dineutine species, anterior view. Scale bars = 1 mm. Abbreviations: lbr, labrum: cly, clypeus: frb, frontolateral bead. (A) Enhydrus sulcatus; (B) Macrogyrus (Macrogyrus) australis; (C) Dineutus (Cyclous) australis; (D) M. (Andogyrus) seriatopunctatus; (E) Porrorhynchus landaisi; (F) M. (Cyclomimus) purpurascens." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805081" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805081/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
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), (4) antennal flagellum with 6–8 flagellomeres (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B70B8484B5CFEC4C65A9624" box="[1056,1141,258,280]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="12.[163,244,547,569]" captionTargetBox="[355,1250,196,506]" captionTargetId="figure-30@12.[354,1250,195,507]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 5. Antennae of dineutine species: above, anterior view; below, posterior. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. (A) Macrogyrus (Macrogyrus) australis; (B) M. (Andogyrus) zimmermanni; (C) Porrorhynchus landaisi; (D) Enhydrus tibialis; (E) Dineutus (Cyclous) australis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805083/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
|
||
), (5) pronotal transverse impressed line absent, (6) scutellar shield invisible with elytra closed, (7) male protrochanter with setose patch (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B70B8484CF6FE98C1F49648" box="[906,987,350,372]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[145,224,1761,1783]" captionTargetBox="[306,1263,749,1720]" captionTargetId="figure-235@13.[304,1265,747,1722]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Protrochanters of male dineutine species, ventral view. Abbreviations: ts, protrochanteric setae; wx, waxy spot; pt, protrochanteric setose patch. (A) Dineutus (Cyclous) australis, scale bar = 200 µm. pb, protrochanteric brush; (B) Dineutus (Cyclous) proximus, scale bar = 500 µm; (C) D. (Dineutus) ‘n. sp.’ Scale bar = 300 µm; (D) D. (Cyclous) serrulatus analis, scale bar = 300 µm; (E) Porrorhynchus marginatus, scale bar = 400 µm; (F) Macrogyrus (Macrogyrus) albertisi, scale bar = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805087" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805087/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
|
||
), (8) male protarsi narrow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B70B8484A67FE98C7419648" box="[1307,1390,350,372]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="15.[145,226,1092,1114]" captionTargetBox="[210,1359,196,1050]" captionTargetId="figure-310@15.[209,1361,195,1052]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 9. Protarsus of male dineutine species. Abbreviations: di, protarsal discus; sb, setose brush. (A) Macrogyrus (Andogyrus) zimmermanni, scale bar = 500 µm; (B) M. (Macrogyrus) sp., scale bar = 500 µm; (C) M. (M.) albertisi, scale bar = 500 µm; (D) Porrorhynchus marginatus, scale bar = 1 mm; (E) Dineutus (Dineutus) ‘n. sp.’, scale bar = 1 mm; (F) Enhydrus atratus, scale bar = 2 mm; (G) D. (Cyclous) australis, scale bar = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805091" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805091/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
|
||
), (9) protibia expanded distolaterally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B70B8484BCBFEBBC72796AE" box="[1207,1288,381,403]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[163,241,1028,1050]" captionTargetBox="[324,1283,196,987]" captionTargetId="figure-337@14.[323,1283,195,988]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. Prolegs of male dineutine species. Abbreviations: sb, setose brush; asr, anterior row of profemoral setae; psr, posterior row of profemoral setae; sp, setigerous puncture. (A) Macrogyrus (Andogyrus) zimmermanni protibial apex, posterior view, scale bar = 400 µm; (B) Porrorhynchus marginatus protibia, posterior view, scale bar = 500 µm; (C) Dineutus (Cyclous) australis protrochanter and profemur, ventral view, scale bar = 500 µm; (D) M. (A.) zimmermanni protrochanter and profemur, ventral view, scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805089" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805089/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
|
||
), (10) ventral face of profemur with two rows of setae arranged into large clusters, progressively becoming denser apically, (11) mesotarsal claws weakly sexually dimorphic, (12) metaventrite medially triangular in shape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B70B8484A60FE3EC7449532" box="[1308,1387,504,526]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="12.[163,242,1784,1806]" captionTargetBox="[388,1218,690,1744]" captionTargetId="figure-76@12.[387,1219,689,1745]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 6. Meso- and meta-ventrites of dineutine species and a gyrinine species, ventral view, scale bars = 1 mm, except (F). (A) Enhydrus sulcatus; (B) Macrogyrus (Andogyrus) colombicus; (C) Porrorhynchus marginatus; (D) Dineutus (Cyclous) carolinus; (E) Mesodineutes amurensis†; (F) Gyrinus maculiventris, scale bar = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805085" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805085/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
|
||
) and narrow and (13) female RT with vaginal shield (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B70B8484A0BFDD0C1489576" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="17.[145,223,719,741]" captionTargetBox="[370,1201,196,679]" captionTargetId="figure-176@17.[369,1201,195,680]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 11. Female reproductive tracts, ventral view. Abbreviations: sp, spermatheca; fd, fertilization duct; ov, common oviduct; bu, bursa; lt, laterotergite; vs, vaginal shield; mp, medial apodeme of gonocoxa; gc, gonocoxa; scale bars = 1 mm. (A) Porrorhynchus landaisi; (B) Dineutus (Dineutus) tetracanthus; (C) D. (Cyclous) discolor; (D) D. (Rhomborhynchus) depressus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805095/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Fig. 11A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Diagnostic characters (7) and (10) appear apomorphic among all
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B70B8484C99FD92C6779556" box="[997,1112,596,618]" class="Insecta" family="Gyrinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Gyrinidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936BB3B70B8484C47FD54C62795D8" blockId="22.[827,1442,657,740]" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B70B8484C47FD54C194959B" box="[827,955,658,679]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Taxonomy:</emphasis>
|
||
There are now three species within the genus, following removal of the former subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B70B8484C47FD08C62D95DF" authorityName="Ochs" authorityYear="1926" box="[827,1026,718,739]" class="Insecta" family="Gyrinidae" genus="Rhomborhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B70B8484C47FD08C62D95DF" box="[827,1026,718,739]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Rhomborhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936BB3B70B8484C47FCCAC67294A7" blockId="22.[827,1443,780,924]" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B70B8484C47FCCAC1F9941D" box="[827,982,780,801]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Widely distributed in Southeast Asia west of Wallace’s line, as far northwest as south-eastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49B2F8593B70B8484C1AFC8FC18D9463" box="[870,930,841,863]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Tibet</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B4A3B70B8484CCDFC8FC6499462" author="Jach M & Li J & Zhang X & Gao M" box="[945,1126,841,863]" pageId="22" pageNumber="140" pagination="65 - 69" refId="ref18703" refString="Jach M, Li J, Zhang X, Gao M. 2012. A remarkable collection of aquatic and riparian beetles from Xiachayu, Zayu County, southeastern Tibet (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae, Noteridae, Dytiscidae, Spercheidae, Hydrophilidae, Heteroceridae, Limnichidae). Koleopterologische Rundschau 82: 65-69." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Jäch
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B70B8484C90FC8CC60B9462" box="[1004,1060,841,863]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and east through southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F361762B3B70B8484C47FCAEC1AF9442" box="[827,896,872,894]" name="China" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B70B8484CF3FCAEC1C29441" box="[911,1005,872,894]" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="19.[146,224,1187,1209]" captionTargetBox="[146,1425,196,1147]" captionTargetId="figure-326@19.[145,1425,195,1148]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figure 14. General distribution maps of dineutine genera. (A) Dineutus; (B) Porrorhynchus); (C) Enhydrus; (D) Macrogyrus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805101" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805101/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Fig. 14B</figureCitation>
|
||
). One species,
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B70B8484BEFFCAEC73B9441" box="[1171,1300,872,893]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B70B8484BEFFCAEC73F9441" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[1171,1296,872,893]" class="Insecta" family="Gyrinidae" genus="Porrorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indicans">P. indicans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
known from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F361762B3B70B8484C47FC40C18194A0" box="[827,942,902,924]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B4A3B70B8484CC0FC40C66294A7" author="Brinck P" box="[956,1101,902,924]" pageId="22" pageNumber="140" pagination="103 - 108" refId="ref17306" refString="Brinck P. 1980. Porrorhynchus indicans Walker (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae). A representative of the relict montane forest ecosystem in Sri Lanka. P. E. P. Deraniyagala Commemoration Volume (Sri Lanka 1980): 103-108." type="journal article" year="1980">Brinck, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936BB3B70B8484C47FC02C1D39217" blockId="22.[827,1445,964,1323]" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B70B8484C47FC02C1EC94E5" box="[827,963,964,985]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Discussion:</emphasis>
|
||
This genus contains the largest known species of whirligig beetle (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B70B8484BFAFC25C72994CB" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1892" box="[1158,1286,994,1016]" class="Insecta" family="Gyrinidae" genus="Porrorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="landaisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B70B8484BFAFC25C72994CB" box="[1158,1286,994,1016]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">P. landaisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and species apparently very sensitive to water quality (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B4A3B70B8484A1CFBC7C15B9309" author="Ochs" pageId="22" pageNumber="140" pagination="242 - 245" refId="ref20075" refString="Ochs G. 1927. XII. Papers on Malayan aquatic biology. IV. On the Gyrinidae of the Malay Peninsula. Journal of the Federated Malay States Museums 13: 242-245." type="journal article" year="1927">Ochs, 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B4A3B70B8484CFFFBE6C6349309" author="Brinck P" box="[899,1051,1056,1078]" pageId="22" pageNumber="140" pagination="103 - 108" refId="ref17306" refString="Brinck P. 1980. Porrorhynchus indicans Walker (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae). A representative of the relict montane forest ecosystem in Sri Lanka. P. E. P. Deraniyagala Commemoration Volume (Sri Lanka 1980): 103-108." type="journal article" year="1980">Brinck, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Among the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B70B8484BC0FBE6C1459368" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B70B8484BC0FBE6C7459309" box="[1212,1386,1056,1077]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Porrorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B70B8484C0BFBF9C1D2936F" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[887,1021,1086,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Gyrinidae" genus="Porrorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indicans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B70B8484C0BFBF9C1D2936F" box="[887,1021,1086,1108]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">P. indicans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is of the most concern in terms of conservation, found to already be uncommonly encountered and limited in distribution in the 1980s due to deforestation of preferred habitat montane forests within
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F361762B3B70B8484C9FFB7FC67693F3" box="[995,1113,1209,1231]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE74B4A3B70B8484B14FB7FC6D393F2" author="Brinck P" box="[1128,1276,1209,1231]" pageId="22" pageNumber="140" pagination="103 - 108" refId="ref17306" refString="Brinck P. 1980. Porrorhynchus indicans Walker (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae). A representative of the relict montane forest ecosystem in Sri Lanka. P. E. P. Deraniyagala Commemoration Volume (Sri Lanka 1980): 103-108." type="journal article" year="1980">Brinck, 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This is especially concerning given the unique information
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B70B8484AF2FB1EC18F9237" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1858" class="Insecta" family="Gyrinidae" genus="Porrorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indicans">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B70B8484AF2FB1EC18F9237" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">P. indicans</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can potentially provide for future analyses (see Discussion).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36C65303B70B8484CB6FAB4C78C91AA" pageId="22" pageNumber="140" type="key">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936BB3B70B8484CB6FAB4C6F89294" blockId="22.[970,1299,1394,1450]" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D2FA0673B70B8484CB6FAB4C1D492B6" baselines="1413,1413" box="[970,1019,1394,1419]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Key" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">KEY</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D2FA0673B70B8484B7EFAB0C63092B6" baselines="1413" box="[1026,1055,1398,1418]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="to" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">TO</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D2FA0673B70B8484B5AFAB0C67C92B6" baselines="1413" box="[1062,1107,1398,1418]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="the" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">THE</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D2FA0673B70B8484B27FAB0C69D92B6" baselines="1413" box="[1115,1202,1398,1418]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="extant" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">EXTANT</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D2FA0673B70B8484BC4FAB0C73C92B6" baselines="1413" box="[1208,1299,1398,1418]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="genera" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">GENERA</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D2FA0673B70B8484B79FA52C60D9294" baselines="1443" box="[1029,1058,1428,1448]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="of" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">OF</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D2FA0673B70B8484B56FA52C6789294" baselines="1443" box="[1066,1111,1428,1448]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="the" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">THE</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B70B8484B22FA57C6F89294" authorityName="DESMAREST" authorityYear="1851" box="[1118,1239,1425,1450]" class="Insecta" family="Gyrinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Dineutini">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D2FA0673B70B8484B22FA57C6F89294" baselines="1444,1443" box="[1118,1239,1425,1450]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Dineutini" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">DINEUTINI</smallCapsWord>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936BB3B70B8484C47FA0FC78C91AA" blockId="22.[827,1444,1481,1871]" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">
|
||
1. Scutellar shield not visible with elytra closed; mesotarsal claws sexually dimorphic (even if weakly so). Female RT with vaginal shield (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B70B8484A4FF9C0C7B29120" box="[1331,1437,1542,1564]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="17.[145,223,719,741]" captionTargetBox="[370,1201,196,679]" captionTargetId="figure-176@17.[369,1201,195,680]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 11. Female reproductive tracts, ventral view. Abbreviations: sp, spermatheca; fd, fertilization duct; ov, common oviduct; bu, bursa; lt, laterotergite; vs, vaginal shield; mp, medial apodeme of gonocoxa; gc, gonocoxa; scale bars = 1 mm. (A) Porrorhynchus landaisi; (B) Dineutus (Dineutus) tetracanthus; (C) D. (Cyclous) discolor; (D) D. (Rhomborhynchus) depressus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805095" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805095/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Fig. 11C</figureCitation>
|
||
, vs)....................................... 2 Scutellar shield visible with elytra closed; mesotarsal claws not sexually dimorphic. Female RT without vaginal shield (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B70B8484B44F947C6AA91AA" box="[1080,1157,1665,1687]" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="17.[145,224,1384,1406]" captionTargetBox="[370,1201,858,1344]" captionTargetId="figure-240@17.[369,1201,857,1345]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Figure 12. Female reproductive tracts. Abbreviations: bg, bursal gland; scale bars = 1 mm. (A) Macrogyrus (Andogyrus) seriatopunctatus, ventral view; (B) gonocoxa of the same; (C) lateral view of the same; (D) M. (Macrogyrus) gouldii, ventral view; (E) gonocoxa of the same; (F) Enhydrus tibialis, ventral view; (G) gonocoxa of the same." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805097" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805097/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
)................... 3
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36C65303B70B8494C47F966C0D695B4" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="141" pageId="22" pageNumber="140" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936BB3B70B8494C47F966C0D69648" blockId="22.[827,1444,1481,1871]" lastBlockId="23.[145,761,197,648]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="141" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">
|
||
2. Pronotum without transverse impressed line; ventral face of profemur with two rows of setae arranged in large clusters, becoming denser apically; protrochanter of male with setose patch (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B70B8484A04F93AC152900C" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="13.[145,224,1761,1783]" captionTargetBox="[306,1263,749,1720]" captionTargetId="figure-235@13.[304,1265,747,1722]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 7. Protrochanters of male dineutine species, ventral view. Abbreviations: ts, protrochanteric setae; wx, waxy spot; pt, protrochanteric setose patch. (A) Dineutus (Cyclous) australis, scale bar = 200 µm. pb, protrochanteric brush; (B) Dineutus (Cyclous) proximus, scale bar = 500 µm; (C) D. (Dineutus) ‘n. sp.’ Scale bar = 300 µm; (D) D. (Cyclous) serrulatus analis, scale bar = 300 µm; (E) Porrorhynchus marginatus, scale bar = 400 µm; (F) Macrogyrus (Macrogyrus) albertisi, scale bar = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805087" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805087/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
|
||
); mesotarsal claws weakly sexually dimorphic..............................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B70B8494B80F8FFC30997E7" authority="Pronotum" authorityName="Pronotum" class="Insecta" family="Gyrinidae" genus="Porrorhynchus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="141" order="Coleoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="140" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B70B8484B80F8FFC78C9072" box="[1276,1443,1849,1870]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="140">Porrorhynchus</emphasis>
|
||
Pronotum
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with transverse impressed line; setae of ventral face of profemur not arranged into large clusters becoming denser apically; protrochanter of male without setose patch, variously modified or not; mesotarsal claws sexually dimorphic, often strongly so.........................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B71B8494DEEFE99C0D69648" baseAuthorityName="Ochs" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[658,761,351,372]" class="Insecta" family="Gyrinidae" genus="Dineutus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B71B8494DEEFE99C0D69648" box="[658,761,351,372]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="141">Dineutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC936BB3B71B8494FEDFEBBC0D695B4" blockId="23.[145,761,197,648]" pageId="23" pageNumber="141">
|
||
3. Elytra with striae in the form of well impressed lines; protarsus (male and female) compressed often with fused segments; male protarsus ventrally without discus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B71B8494ED3FE1FC3D096D2" box="[431,511,473,495]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="15.[145,226,1092,1114]" captionTargetBox="[210,1359,196,1050]" captionTargetId="figure-310@15.[209,1361,195,1052]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 9. Protarsus of male dineutine species. Abbreviations: di, protarsal discus; sb, setose brush. (A) Macrogyrus (Andogyrus) zimmermanni, scale bar = 500 µm; (B) M. (Macrogyrus) sp., scale bar = 500 µm; (C) M. (M.) albertisi, scale bar = 500 µm; (D) Porrorhynchus marginatus, scale bar = 1 mm; (E) Dineutus (Dineutus) ‘n. sp.’, scale bar = 1 mm; (F) Enhydrus atratus, scale bar = 2 mm; (G) D. (Cyclous) australis, scale bar = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805091" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805091/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="141">Fig. 9F</figureCitation>
|
||
)........
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B71B8494DF4FE1FC2D39532" authority="Elytra" authorityName="Elytra" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Enhydrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B71B8494DF4FE1FC0D796D2" box="[648,760,473,494]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="141">Enhydrus</emphasis>
|
||
Elytra
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with striae in the form of punctures or weakly impressed lines, never as well impressed lines; protarsus without compressed or fused segments; male protarsus ventrally with discus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134D2A3E3B71B8494D5BFD92C0B89555" box="[551,663,596,618]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="15.[145,226,1092,1114]" captionTargetBox="[210,1359,196,1050]" captionTargetId="figure-310@15.[209,1361,195,1052]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 9. Protarsus of male dineutine species. Abbreviations: di, protarsal discus; sb, setose brush. (A) Macrogyrus (Andogyrus) zimmermanni, scale bar = 500 µm; (B) M. (Macrogyrus) sp., scale bar = 500 µm; (C) M. (M.) albertisi, scale bar = 500 µm; (D) Porrorhynchus marginatus, scale bar = 1 mm; (E) Dineutus (Dineutus) ‘n. sp.’, scale bar = 1 mm; (F) Enhydrus atratus, scale bar = 2 mm; (G) D. (Cyclous) australis, scale bar = 500 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14805091" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14805091/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="141">Fig. 9A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
)......................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C764D383B71B8494D0FFDB5C0D695B4" authorityName="Regimbart" authorityYear="1882" box="[627,761,627,648]" class="Insecta" family="Gyrinidae" genus="Macrogyrus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="141" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B902EAA93B71B8494D0FFDB5C0D695B4" box="[627,761,627,648]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="141">Macrogyrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |