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<mods:title id="3FA7EC2D750B2D745F8FD3F53BD41052">An illustrated guide to lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of the Indian Subcontinent. Part 1. Tribe Coccinellini</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03C74162148E46EFBDDF315AFACBF8B6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261688" ID-GBIF-Taxon="212449972" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8261688" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C74162148E46EFBDDF315AFACBF8B6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C74162148E46EFBDDF315AFACBF8B6" lastPageId="216" lastPageNumber="217" pageId="214" pageNumber="215">
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF148E46E1BDDF315AFDD4F8DB" box="[151,537,1829,1856]" pageId="214" pageNumber="215" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074148E46E1BDDF315AFDD4F8DB" blockId="214.[151,537,1829,1893]" box="[151,537,1829,1856]" pageId="214" pageNumber="215">
<heading id="D0994718148E46E1BDDF315AFDD4F8DB" bold="true" box="[151,537,1829,1856]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="214" pageNumber="215" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7148E46E1BDDF315AFDD4F8DB" authority="Kapur" authorityName="Kapur" box="[151,537,1829,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Oenopia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="214" pageNumber="215" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadripunctata">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148E46E1BDDF315AFDD4F8DB" bold="true" box="[151,537,1829,1856]" pageId="214" pageNumber="215">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148E46E1BDDF315AFE72F8DB" bold="true" box="[151,447,1829,1856]" italics="true" pageId="214" pageNumber="215">Oenopia quadripunctata</emphasis>
Kapur
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C374A3FF148E46E1BDDF3136FE8EF8FE" box="[151,323,1866,1893]" pageId="214" pageNumber="215" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074148E46E1BDDF3136FE8EF8FE" blockId="214.[151,537,1829,1893]" box="[151,323,1866,1893]" pageId="214" pageNumber="215">
(
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1148E46E1BDD73136FEC9F8FE" box="[159,260,1866,1893]" captionStart="FIGURE 153" captionStartId="215.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[236,1353,182,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-15@215.[216,1371,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="215" captionText="FIGURE 153. Oenopia quadripunctata Kapur: a. male, dorsal view; b. female, dorsal view; c. spermatheca; d–f. male genitalia: d. tegmen, ventral view; e. penis; f. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8262047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8262047/files/figure.png" pageId="214" pageNumber="215">Figs 153</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1148E46E1BC583136FEF6F8FE" box="[272,315,1866,1893]" captionStart="FIGURE 154" captionStartId="216.[151,250,1129,1153]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1105]" captionTargetId="figure-20@216.[151,1436,181,1105]" captionTargetPageId="216" captionText="FIGURE 154. Oenopia quadripunctata Kapur, live adult." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8262049" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8262049/files/figure.png" pageId="214" pageNumber="215">154</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF148E46E1BDDF31F3FE22F85E" pageId="214" pageNumber="215" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074148E46E1BDDF31F3FE22F85E" blockId="214.[151,1436,1934,1989]" pageId="214" pageNumber="215">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7ED75A148E46E1BDDF31F3FE22F85E" pageId="214" pageNumber="215">
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD665148E46E1BDDF31F3FD83F83C" author="Kapur, A. P." box="[151,590,1934,1959]" page="27" pageId="214" pageNumber="215" year="1963">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7148E46E1BDDF31F3FD83F83C" authority="Kapur, 1963 a: 27" authorityName="Kapur" authorityPageNumber="27" authorityYear="1963" box="[151,590,1934,1959]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Oenopia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="214" pageNumber="215" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadripunctata">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148E46E1BDDF31F3FE5EF83D" box="[151,403,1934,1958]" italics="true" pageId="214" pageNumber="215">Oenopia quadripunctata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85148E46E1BCD331F3FD83F83C" author="Kapur, A. P." box="[411,590,1934,1959]" pageId="214" pageNumber="215" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref115380" refString="Kapur, A. P. (1963 a) The Coccinellidae of the third Mount Everest expedition, 1924 (Coleoptera). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology, 14, 1 - 48. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 8780" type="journal article" year="1963">Kapur, 1963a: 27</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<typeStatus id="54D54ED6148E46E1BF1531F2FD70F83D" box="[605,701,1934,1958]" pageId="214" pageNumber="215" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
male, BMNH; Type locality: Shillong).—
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD665148E46E1B93931F2FA8CF83C" author="Poorani, J." box="[1137,1345,1934,1959]" page="337" pageId="214" pageNumber="215" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85148E46E1B93931F2FA8CF83C" author="Poorani, J." box="[1137,1345,1934,1959]" pageId="214" pageNumber="215" pagination="307 - 383" refId="ref118931" refString="Poorani, J. (2002 a) An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (excluding Epilachninae) of the Indian subregion. Oriental Insects, 36, 307 - 383. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.2002.10417335" type="journal article" year="2002">Poorani 2002a: 337</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD665148E46E1B80531F2FEF0F85E" author="Poorani, J." page="102" pageId="214" pageNumber="215" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85148E46E1B80531F2FEF0F85E" author="Poorani, J." pageId="214" pageNumber="215" pagination="97 - 116" refId="ref118973" refString="Poorani, J. (2002 b) A review of the genus Oenopia Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of the Indian subcontinent, with description of a new species. Oriental Insects, 36, 97 - 116. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.2002.10417328" type="journal article" year="2002">Poorani 2002b: 102</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD665148E46E1BC0E31D2FE26F85E" author="Yu, G." box="[326,491,1965,1989]" page="98" pageId="214" pageNumber="215" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85148E46E1BC0E31D2FE26F85E" author="Yu, G." box="[326,491,1965,1989]" pageId="214" pageNumber="215" refId="ref124811" refString="Yu, G. (2010) Chinese Lady Beetles (The Subfamily Coccinellinae). China Scientific Press, Beijing, 180 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2010">Yu 2010: 98–99</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF11A0FC148F46E0BDDF31E4FDBBF84F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8262047" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8262047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8262047/files/figure.png" pageId="215" pageNumber="216" startId="215.[151,250,1944,1968]" targetBox="[236,1353,182,1915]" targetPageId="215" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074148F46E0BDDF31E4FDBBF84F" blockId="215.[151,1437,1944,2005]" pageId="215" pageNumber="216">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148F46E0BDDF31E4FEE1F82B" bold="true" box="[151,300,1944,1968]" pageId="215" pageNumber="216">FIGURE 153.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7148F46E0BC7931E5FDBFF82B" authority="Kapur" authorityName="Kapur" box="[305,626,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Oenopia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="215" pageNumber="216" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadripunctata">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148F46E0BC7931E5FDE4F82B" box="[305,553,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="215" pageNumber="216">Oenopia quadripunctata</emphasis>
Kapur
</taxonomicName>
: a. male, dorsal view; b. female, dorsal view; c. spermatheca; d–f. male genitalia: d. tegmen, ventral view; e. penis; f. penis apex.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF11A0FC148046EFBDDF3215FD29FB1A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8262049" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8262049" box="[151,740,1129,1153]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8262049/files/figure.png" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" startId="216.[151,250,1129,1153]" targetBox="[151,1436,181,1105]" targetPageId="216" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074148046EFBDDF3215FD29FB1A" blockId="216.[151,740,1129,1153]" box="[151,740,1129,1153]" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBDDF3215FEE0FB1A" bold="true" box="[151,301,1129,1153]" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">FIGURE 154.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7148046EFBC7B3216FDB9FB1A" authority="Kapur" authorityName="Kapur" box="[307,628,1129,1153]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Oenopia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadripunctata">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBC7B3216FDE1FB1A" box="[307,556,1129,1153]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Oenopia quadripunctata</emphasis>
Kapur
</taxonomicName>
, live adult.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF148046EFBDDF32AFFD89FA3A" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074148046EFBDDF32AFFD89FA3A" blockId="216.[151,1437,1235,1838]" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBDDF32AFFEDFFB76" bold="true" box="[151,274,1235,1261]" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Length: 3.00–
<quantity id="4C965D91148046EFBCF832AFFDD9FB75" box="[432,532,1235,1262]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.50 mm</quantity>
; width:
<quantity id="4C965D91148046EFBF2132AFFCC1FB75" box="[617,780,1235,1262]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" unit="mm" value="2.7" valueMax="2.9" valueMin="2.5">2.50–2.90 mm</quantity>
. Form broadly rounded (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1148046EFB95F32AFFB4CFB75" box="[1047,1153,1235,1262]" captionStart="FIGURE 153" captionStartId="215.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[236,1353,182,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-15@215.[216,1371,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="215" captionText="FIGURE 153. Oenopia quadripunctata Kapur: a. male, dorsal view; b. female, dorsal view; c. spermatheca; d–f. male genitalia: d. tegmen, ventral view; e. penis; f. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8262047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8262047/files/figure.png" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Fig. 153a</figureCitation>
) to slightly more elongate oval (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1148046EFBD9F328BFE8BFA89" box="[215,326,1271,1298]" captionStart="FIGURE 153" captionStartId="215.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[236,1353,182,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-15@215.[216,1371,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="215" captionText="FIGURE 153. Oenopia quadripunctata Kapur: a. male, dorsal view; b. female, dorsal view; c. spermatheca; d–f. male genitalia: d. tegmen, ventral view; e. penis; f. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8262047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8262047/files/figure.png" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Fig. 153b</figureCitation>
), dorsum moderately convex and glabrous. Head black in female, yellow in male. Pronotum black, area extending from anterolateral corners to posterior margin yellowish. Scutellar shield black. Ground colour of elytra black, with four bright lemon yellow, oval spots and four semicircular or half spots near lateral margins (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1148046EFB8233343FF23FAE6" captionStart="FIGURE 153" captionStartId="215.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[236,1353,182,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-15@215.[216,1371,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="215" captionText="FIGURE 153. Oenopia quadripunctata Kapur: a. male, dorsal view; b. female, dorsal view; c. spermatheca; d–f. male genitalia: d. tegmen, ventral view; e. penis; f. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8262047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8262047/files/figure.png" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Figs 153a, b</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1148046EFBDB4331FFEE7FAE5" box="[252,298,1379,1406]" captionStart="FIGURE 154" captionStartId="216.[151,250,1129,1153]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1105]" captionTargetId="figure-20@216.[151,1436,181,1105]" captionTargetPageId="216" captionText="FIGURE 154. Oenopia quadripunctata Kapur, live adult." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8262049" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8262049/files/figure.png" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">154</figureCitation>
). Ventral side dark brown to black except elytral epipleura lighter. Male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1148046EFB994331FFAAEFAE5" box="[1244,1379,1379,1406]" captionStart="FIGURE 153" captionStartId="215.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[236,1353,182,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-15@215.[216,1371,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="215" captionText="FIGURE 153. Oenopia quadripunctata Kapur: a. male, dorsal view; b. female, dorsal view; c. spermatheca; d–f. male genitalia: d. tegmen, ventral view; e. penis; f. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8262047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8262047/files/figure.png" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Fig. 153d–f</figureCitation>
) and spermatheca (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF1148046EFBC7A33FBFE52FA39" box="[306,415,1415,1442]" captionStart="FIGURE 153" captionStartId="215.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[236,1353,182,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-15@215.[216,1371,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="215" captionText="FIGURE 153. Oenopia quadripunctata Kapur: a. male, dorsal view; b. female, dorsal view; c. spermatheca; d–f. male genitalia: d. tegmen, ventral view; e. penis; f. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8262047" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8262047/files/figure.png" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Fig. 153c</figureCitation>
) as illustrated.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF148046EFBD8F33D7FC77FA72" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074148046EFBD8F33D7FC77FA72" blockId="216.[151,1437,1235,1838]" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBD8F33D7FEACFA5E" bold="true" box="[199,353,1451,1477]" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4148046EFBC2633D7FE61FA5E" box="[366,428,1451,1477]" name="India" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">India</collectingCountry>
: Northeastern region (
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96148046EFBFF033D7FC55FA5E" box="[696,920,1451,1477]" country="India" name="Arunachal Pradesh" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Arunachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96148046EFBEE233D7FBC1FA5E" box="[938,1036,1451,1477]" country="India" name="Manipur" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Manipur</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96148046EFB95633D7FB50FA5E" box="[1054,1181,1451,1477]" country="India" name="Meghalaya" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Meghalaya</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96148046EFB9E733D7FAD4FA5E" box="[1199,1305,1451,1477]" country="India" name="Mizoram" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Mizoram</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96148046EFB86233D7FA55FA5E" box="[1322,1432,1451,1477]" country="India" name="Nagaland" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Nagaland</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96148046EFBDDF33B3FF26FA72" box="[151,235,1487,1513]" country="India" name="Sikkim" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Sikkim</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96148046EFBDBE33B3FE81FA72" box="[246,332,1487,1513]" country="India" name="Tripura" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Tripura</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96148046EFBC1F33B3FE29FA72" box="[343,484,1487,1513]" country="India" name="Uttarakhand" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Uttarakhand</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96148046EFBCA633ACFD4CFA72" box="[494,641,1487,1514]" country="India" name="West Bengal" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">West Bengal</collectingRegion>
);
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4148046EFBFDC33B3FD25FA72" box="[660,744,1487,1513]" name="Bhutan" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Bhutan</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4148046EFBFBC33ACFCA8FA71" box="[756,869,1488,1514]" name="Myanmar" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4148046EFBE3833B3FC7AFA72" box="[880,951,1487,1513]" name="China" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF148046EFBD8F338FFB44F97E" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074148046EFBD8F338FFC7AF95A" blockId="216.[151,1437,1235,1838]" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBD8F338FFE25F996" bold="true" box="[199,488,1523,1549]" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Prey/associated habitat.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7148046EFBCBB338FFDA3F996" box="[499,622,1523,1549]" class="Magnoliopsida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Hemiptera" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7148046EFBF33338FFD39F996" box="[635,756,1523,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Aphididae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7148046EFBE4B338FFBC8F996" authority="Glover" authorityName="Glover" box="[771,1029,1523,1549]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gossypii">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBE4B338FFC67F996" box="[771,938,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Aphis gossypii</emphasis>
Glover
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7148046EFB95B3388FF31F9AA" authority="Basu &amp; Hille Ris Lambers" authorityName="Basu &amp; Hille Ris Lambers" authorityYear="1968" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aiceona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="litseae">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFB95B3388FB09F996" box="[1043,1220,1523,1550]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Aiceona litseae</emphasis>
Basu &amp; Hille Ris Lambers
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7148046EFBC4D306BFDA6F9A9" authority="Basu" authorityName="Basu" authorityYear="1961" box="[261,619,1559,1586]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Cervaphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="rappardi" subSpecies="indica">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBC4D306BFDE6F9AA" box="[261,555,1559,1585]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Cervaphis rappardi indica</emphasis>
Basu
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7148046EFBF3C306BFC0CF9AA" authority="(Geoffroy)" baseAuthorityName="Geoffroy" baseAuthorityYear="1762" box="[628,961,1559,1585]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Hyalopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pruni">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBF3C306BFC8DF9AA" box="[628,832,1559,1585]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Hyalopterus pruni</emphasis>
(Geoffroy)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7148046EFBE82306BFACFF9AA" authority="Ghosh" authorityName="Ghosh" box="[970,1282,1559,1585]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Tuberculatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indicus">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBE82306BFB7CF9AA" box="[970,1201,1559,1585]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Tuberculatus indicus</emphasis>
Ghosh
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7148046EFB843306BFCDAF9CE" authority="Chakrabarti and Raychaudhuri" authorityName="Chakrabarti and Raychaudhuri" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Tuberculatus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nervatus" subGenus="Acanthocallis">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFB843306BFA51F9AA" box="[1291,1436,1559,1585]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Tuberculatus</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBDE93047FEF6F9CE" box="[161,315,1595,1621]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Acanthocallis</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBC053040FE60F9CE" box="[333,429,1596,1621]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">nervatus</emphasis>
Chakrabarti and Raychaudhuri
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7148046EFBE6D3047FC61F9CE" authorityName="Scopoli" authorityYear="1763" box="[805,940,1595,1621]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fabae">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBE6D3047FC61F9CE" box="[805,940,1595,1621]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Aphis fabae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex (as
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFB9023040FBA8F9CD" box="[1098,1125,1596,1622]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">O.</emphasis>
nr.
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7148046EFB9DE3047FA8EF9CE" box="[1174,1347,1595,1621]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Oenopia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadripunctata">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFB9DE3047FA8EF9CE" box="[1174,1347,1595,1621]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">quadripunctata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7148046EFB8143047FD44F9E2" authority="Boyer de Fonscolombe" authorityName="Boyer de Fonscolombe" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurantii" subGenus="Toxoptera">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFB8143047FA51F9CE" box="[1372,1436,1595,1621]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Aphis</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBDE9301CFEDFF9E2" box="[161,274,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Toxoptera</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBC69301CFEB6F9E2" box="[289,379,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">aurantii</emphasis>
Boyer de Fonscolombe
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7148046EFBFDC3023FC37F9E2" authority="Theobald" authorityName="Theobald" authorityYear="1914" box="[660,1018,1631,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Aphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="fabae" subSpecies="solanella">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBFDC3023FC4BF9E2" box="[660,902,1631,1657]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Aphis fabae solanella</emphasis>
Theobald
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7148046EFB94C3023FB0FF9E1" box="[1028,1218,1631,1658]" class="Insecta" family="Aphididae" genus="Tinocalloides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFB94C3023FB56F9E2" box="[1028,1179,1631,1657]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Tinocalloides</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
In association with aphids feeding on
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7148046EFBC2230F8FDD6F906" box="[362,539,1668,1693]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Verbenaceae" genus="Duranta" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="repens">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBC2230F8FDD6F906" box="[362,539,1668,1693]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Duranta repens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7148046EFBF6330F8FD2FF906" box="[555,738,1668,1694]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="serrata">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBF6330F8FD2FF906" box="[555,738,1668,1694]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Quercus serrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7148046EFBE6A30F8FC12F906" box="[802,991,1667,1693]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Litsea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polyantha">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBE6A30F8FC12F906" box="[802,991,1667,1693]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Litsea polyantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. On aphids infesting okra, almond and peach. Found on mulberry along with
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7148046EFBF0C30DBFC7EF95A" authority="(Sajan et al. 2019)" baseAuthorityName="Sajan" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[580,947,1703,1730]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Illeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confusa">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBF0C30DBFD17F95A" box="[580,730,1703,1729]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Illeis confusa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85148046EFBFA030DBFC66F95A" author="Sajan K. C. &amp; Vetrovec, J. &amp; Kafle, K." box="[744,939,1703,1730]" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" pagination="157 - 165" refId="ref121067" refString="Sajan K. C., Vetrovec, J. &amp; Kafle, K. (2019) Lady beetles of Nepal (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): Coccinellinae from the fields at Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Khumaltar, Lalitpur. International Journal of Entomology Research, 4 (4), 157 - 165." type="journal article" year="2019">
Sajan
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBE6730D4FCADF95A" box="[815,864,1703,1729]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">et al</emphasis>
. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1F074148046EFBD8F30B7FB44F97E" blockId="216.[151,1437,1235,1838]" box="[199,1161,1739,1765]" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBD8F30B7FE0CF97E" bold="true" box="[199,449,1739,1765]" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Seasonal occurrence.</emphasis>
Collected during October–November, March–July (label data).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF148046EFBD8F3093FACBF8B6" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD1F074148046EFBD8F3093FACBF8B6" blockId="216.[151,1437,1235,1838]" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBD8F3093FEDCF892" bold="true" box="[199,273,1775,1801]" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Notes.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85148046EFBC51308CFE73F892" author="Kapur, A. P." box="[281,446,1775,1802]" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref115380" refString="Kapur, A. P. (1963 a) The Coccinellidae of the third Mount Everest expedition, 1924 (Coleoptera). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Entomology, 14, 1 - 48. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 8780" type="journal article" year="1963">Kapur (1963a)</bibRefCitation>
described it from
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E96148046EFBFC73093FD29F892" box="[655,740,1775,1801]" country="India" name="Sikkim" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">Sikkim</collectingRegion>
. Devi (1989) and
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85148046EFBEF83093FB48F892" author="Singh, L. S. &amp; Singh, K. C. &amp; Singh, T. K." box="[944,1157,1775,1802]" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" pagination="7 - 11" refId="ref122687" refString="Singh, L. S., Singh, K. C. &amp; Singh, T. K. (1993) Biology and feeding potential of Oenopia quadripunctata Kapur, a coccinellid predator of an oak aphid, Tuberculatus (Acanthocallis) nervatus Chakrabarti and Raychaudhuri. Journal of Advanced Zoology, 14, 7 - 11." type="journal article" year="1993">
Singh
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBEB2308CFBE1F892" box="[1018,1068,1775,1801]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">et al</emphasis>
. (1993)
</bibRefCitation>
provided accounts of its prey, biology and predatory potential. Also treated and illustrated by
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85148046EFBED23168FB95F8B6" author="Ren, S. X. &amp; Wang, X. M. &amp; Pang, H. &amp; Peng, Z. Q. &amp; Zeng, T." box="[922,1112,1811,1838]" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" refId="ref120760" refString="Ren, S. X., Wang, X. M., Pang, H., Peng, Z. Q. &amp; Zeng, T. (2009) Colored pictorial handbook of ladybird beetles in China. Science Press, Beijing, 336 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2009">
Ren
<emphasis id="B91A2C66148046EFBE863168FBCDF8B6" box="[974,1024,1811,1837]" italics="true" pageId="216" pageNumber="217">et al</emphasis>
. (2009)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85148046EFB9C53168FACFF8B6" author="Yu, G." box="[1165,1282,1811,1838]" pageId="216" pageNumber="217" refId="ref124811" refString="Yu, G. (2010) Chinese Lady Beetles (The Subfamily Coccinellinae). China Scientific Press, Beijing, 180 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2010">Yu (2010)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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