497 lines
63 KiB
XML
497 lines
63 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="09CFAFF2CDEFEE4FA61EE1D8B00EEE80">Intraspecific variation in Gyrodactylus mediotorus and G. crysoleucas (Gyrodactylidae) from Nearctic shiners (Leuciscidae): evidence for ongoing speciation, host-switching, and parasite translocation</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="362E327ACC05516A41ED4DF928476F69">Rahmouni, Chahrazed</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CA9D22CDEF3B31D873EC5707FCD8D69C">Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8051073D90041D8E5DE13CCE9E7B48E7">Seifertová, Mária</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5E92456FA89337670FE0E4D258F5559A">Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AE819155A83EEF1F75DDFD330945C740">Bean, Megan G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2F1F6389F92A1B691583D91F044896F3">Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, 5103 Junction Highway, Mountain Home, TX, 78058, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="68CAC60C2175720AC2A44FC4C715956B">Šimková, Andrea</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2A8AC909723CE8468CF74AE11707ADBA">Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="06F95FFF2E9DB7393BE323EC8A8E6C66">Parasite</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="830615CD422C8EB27CD61DACA71FCBB6">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5166A88B04756D8D081C06E68C53AED9">2024-06-11</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="71DCE4536A5CE745073CB075E6D7FF51">31</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="12638789BD3016E88C2B57FF54FA9F1D" type="DOI">10.1051/parasite/2024023</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0C48DED3E5AF44C8CE262728A141130C" type="ISSN">1776-1042</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A4378781E940FFBAD75CFBFAFE91FA69" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A4378781E940FFBAD75CFBFAFE91FA69" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A4378781E940FFBAD75CFBFAFE91FA69" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<subSubSection id="6484651CE940FFB9D75CFBFAFE49FBA5" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2C213697E940FFB9D75CFBFAFE49FBA5" blockId="9.[113,696,1067,1124]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<heading id="776981FBE940FFB9D75CFBFAFE49FBA5" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D75CFBFAFE49FBA5" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D75CFBFAFE4BFB85" ID-CoL="3HZ8Y" authorityName="King, Marcogliese, Forest, McLaughlin and Bentzen" authorityYear="2013" box="[113,437,1067,1092]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mediotorus">
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D75CFBFAFE4BFB85" bold="true" box="[113,437,1067,1092]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gyrodactylus mediotorus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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illustrating ongoing speciation in the Nearctic
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6484651CE940FFBAD7B4FB50FE91FA69" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
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<paragraph id="2C213697E940FFB9D7B4FB50FC36FB37" blockId="9.[113,768,1152,2031]" lastBlockId="9.[813,1467,239,2034]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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In the present study,
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D656FB51FDECFB59" authorityName="King, Marcogliese, Forest, McLaughlin and Bentzen" authorityYear="2013" box="[379,530,1152,1176]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mediotorus">
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D656FB51FDECFB59" box="[379,530,1152,1176]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. mediotorus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was isolated from the blacktail and sand shiners,
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D6B4FB4EFDF4FB76" box="[409,522,1183,1207]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venusta">
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D6B4FB4EFDF4FB76" box="[409,522,1183,1207]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. venusta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D56BFB71FD01FB76" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[582,767,1183,1207]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Notropis" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stramineus">
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D56BFB71FDA1FB76" box="[582,607,1184,1207]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">N.</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D5A2FB71FD01FB76" box="[655,767,1184,1207]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">stramineus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<collectingCountry id="54897607E940FFB9D755FB6FFF17FB14" box="[120,233,1214,1237]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Guadalupe</collectingCountry>
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River), respectively, both collected in their natural distribution range in Texas.
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D6BEFB0DFD66FB35" authorityName="King, Marcogliese, Forest, McLaughlin and Bentzen" authorityYear="2013" box="[403,664,1244,1268]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mediotorus">
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D6BEFB0DFD66FB35" box="[403,664,1244,1268]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gyrodactylus mediotorus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was originally described on the spottail shiner,
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D52BFB2AFD70FAD2" baseAuthorityName="Clinton" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[518,654,1275,1299]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Notropis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hudsonius">
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D52BFB2AFD70FAD2" box="[518,654,1275,1299]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">N. hudsonius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<collectingCountry id="54897607E940FFB9D59FFB2AFCFEFAD3" box="[690,768,1275,1298]" name="Canada" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Canada</collectingCountry>
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[
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<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D757FACBFF6AFAF0" author="King S & Marcogliese D & Forest J & McLaughlin J & Bentzen P." box="[122,148,1306,1329]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1062 - 1066" refId="ref12553" refString="48. King S, Marcogliese D, Forest J, McLaughlin J, Bentzen P. 2013. Description of Gyrodactylus mediotorus n. sp. (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) infecting spottail shiner (Notropis hudsonius) from the St. Lawrence River. Canada. Journal of Parasitology, 99, 1062 - 1066." type="journal article" year="2013">48</bibRefCitation>
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], and recently identified from the weed shiner,
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D5A7FACBFD07FAF0" box="[650,761,1306,1329]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Notropis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="texanus">
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D5A7FACBFD07FAF0" box="[650,761,1306,1329]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">N. texanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, from the Upper
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<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E940FFB9D63BFAE9FE74FA8E" box="[278,394,1336,1359]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
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River in
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<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E940FFB9D6C6FAE9FDA9FA8E" box="[491,599,1336,1359]" country="United States of America" name="Wisconsin" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Wisconsin</collectingRegion>
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[
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<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D54BFAE9FD7EFA8E" author="Leis E & Easy R & Cone D." box="[614,640,1336,1359]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="247 - 253" refId="ref12948" refString="56. Leis E, Easy R, Cone D. 2021. A variant of Gyrodactylus mediotorus King, Marcogliese, Forest, McLaughlin and Bentzen, 2013 (Monogenea) identified from weed shiner (Notropis texanus) in Wisconsin portions of the upper Mississippi River. Systematic Parasitology, 98, 247 - 253." type="journal article" year="2021">56</bibRefCitation>
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]. Therefore, this study presents two new shiner hosts for
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D513FA87FD2DFAAF" authorityName="King, Marcogliese, Forest, McLaughlin and Bentzen" authorityYear="2013" box="[574,723,1366,1390]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mediotorus">
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D513FA87FD2DFAAF" box="[574,723,1366,1390]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. mediotorus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and a new locality in the southeast
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<collectingCountry id="54897607E940FFB9D6C0FAA4FDDAFA4D" box="[493,548,1397,1420]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">USA</collectingCountry>
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. No morphological intraspecific variability of the haptoral hard parts was found in
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D7BFFA63FED2FA0B" authorityName="King, Marcogliese, Forest, McLaughlin and Bentzen" authorityYear="2013" box="[146,300,1458,1482]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mediotorus">
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D7BFFA63FED2FA0B" box="[146,300,1458,1482]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. mediotorus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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across the studied shiner hosts. Inversely, the sclerotized structures of
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D6A2FA01FDDCFA29" authorityName="King, Marcogliese, Forest, McLaughlin and Bentzen" authorityYear="2013" box="[399,546,1488,1512]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mediotorus">
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D6A2FA01FDDCFA29" box="[399,546,1488,1512]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. mediotorus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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collected from
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<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E940FFB9D5EFFA00FD01FA29" box="[706,767,1489,1512]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
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in this study were shorter compared to those in the type-material [
|
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<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D757F9DFFF6AF9E4" author="King S & Marcogliese D & Forest J & McLaughlin J & Bentzen P." box="[122,148,1550,1573]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1062 - 1066" refId="ref12553" refString="48. King S, Marcogliese D, Forest J, McLaughlin J, Bentzen P. 2013. Description of Gyrodactylus mediotorus n. sp. (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) infecting spottail shiner (Notropis hudsonius) from the St. Lawrence River. Canada. Journal of Parasitology, 99, 1062 - 1066." type="journal article" year="2013">48</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]. Moreover,
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D607F9DCFE3AF9E4" authorityName="King, Marcogliese, Forest, McLaughlin and Bentzen" authorityYear="2013" box="[298,452,1549,1573]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mediotorus">
|
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D607F9DCFE3AF9E4" box="[298,452,1549,1573]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. mediotorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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appeared to possess typical features previously overlooked – specifically, the knob in the median part of the ventral bar and the prominent filament attachment posterior to the handle of marginal hooks. The filament of the marginal hooks is already known to be present in
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<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D7A3F977FE3AF97F" authority="Mueller, 1936" authorityName="Mueller" authorityYear="1936" box="[142,452,1702,1726]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="spathulatus">
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<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D7A3F977FED9F97F" box="[142,295,1702,1726]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. spathulatus</emphasis>
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Mueller, 1936
|
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</taxonomicName>
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restricted to catostomid hosts so far [
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<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D7ECF914FF25F91D" author="Dechtiar AO" box="[193,219,1733,1756]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref11349" refString="20. Dechtiar AO. 1972. New parasite records for Lake Erie fish. Technical Report 17, Ann Arbor, Michigan: Great Lakes Fishery Commission, 20 p." type="book" year="1972">20</bibRefCitation>
|
||
–
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<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D7CAF914FEFFF91D" author="Dechtiar AO & Nepszy SJ" box="[231,257,1733,1756]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="49 - 65" refId="ref11517" refString="24. Dechtiar AO, Nepszy SJ. 1988. Survey of the parasite fauna of selected fish species from Lake Erie, 1970 - 1975, in Parasites of fishes in the Canadian waters of the Great Lakes, Technical Report 51. Nepszy SJ, Editor. Great Lakes Fishery Commission: Ann Arbor, Michigan. p. 49 - 65." type="book chapter" year="1988">24</bibRefCitation>
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,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D63FF914FED2F91D" author="Hathaway RP & Herlevich JC" box="[274,300,1733,1756]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="801 - 802" refId="ref12118" refString="37. Hathaway RP, Herlevich JC. 1973. Gyrodactylus stableri sp. n., with new host and locality records for species of Gyrodactylus. Journal of Parasitology, 59, 801 - 802." type="journal article" year="1973">37</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D611F914FEA8F91D" author="Krueger RF" box="[316,342,1733,1756]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="277 - 279" refId="ref12865" refString="54. Krueger RF. 1954. A survey of the helminth parasites of fishes from Van Buren Lake and Rocky Ford Creek. Ohio Journal of Science, 54, 277 - 279." type="journal article" year="1954">54</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D64AF914FE7FF91D" author="Mueller JF" box="[359,385,1733,1756]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="55 - 72" refId="ref13435" refString="68. Mueller JF. 1936. Studies on North American gyrodactyloidea. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 55, 55 - 72." type="journal article" year="1936">68</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D6BCF914FE55F91D" author="Pugachev ON" box="[401,427,1733,1756]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="511 - 513" refId="ref13833" refString="77. Pugachev ON. 1980. Parasite fauna of the sucker (Catostomus catostomus) from the Kolyma river. Parasitologiya, 14, 511 - 513." type="journal article" year="1980">77</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D691F914FE28F91D" author="Rahmouni C & Seifertova M & Simkova A." box="[444,470,1733,1756]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref14012" refString="82. Rahmouni C, Seifertova M, Simkova A. 2023. Revealing the hidden diversity of Gyrodactylus communities (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) from Nearctic Catostomidae and Leuciscidae fish hosts (Teleostei: Cypriniformes), with description of ten new species. Parasite, 30, 40." type="journal volume" year="2023">82</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D6CBF914FDF3F91D" author="Threlfall W." box="[486,525,1733,1756]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="205 - 214" refId="ref14865" refString="102. Threlfall W. 1974. New and previously described species of monogenetic trematodes from Labrador catostomids and cyprinids. Folia Parasitologica, 21, 205 - 214." type="journal article" year="1974">102</bibRefCitation>
|
||
], and in the generalist
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D75CF932FDE0F93A" authority="Kritsky and Mizelle, 1968" authorityName="Kritsky and Mizelle" authorityYear="1968" box="[113,542,1763,1787]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="stunkardi">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D75CF932FF09F93A" box="[113,247,1763,1787]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. stunkardi</emphasis>
|
||
Kritsky and Mizelle, 1968
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
infecting a range of Nearctic cypriniforms [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D64FF8D3FE82F8D8" author="Dechtiar AO & Collins JJ & Reckahn JA" box="[354,380,1794,1817]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="19 - 48" refId="ref11381" refString="21. Dechtiar AO, Collins JJ, Reckahn JA. 1988. Survey of the parasite fauna of Lake Ontario fishes, 1961 to 1971. Great Lakes Fishery Commission, Technical Report, 51, 19 - 48." type="journal article" year="1988">21</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D6A7F8D3FE5AF8D8" author="Dechtiar AO & Collins JJ & Reckhan JA" box="[394,420,1794,1817]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="19 - 48" refId="ref11422" refString="22. Dechtiar AO, Collins JJ, Reckhan JA. 1988. Survey of the parasite fauna of Lake Huron fishes, 1961 to 1971. Parasites of fishes in the Canadian waters of the Great Lakes, Technical Report 51, Nepszy SJ, Editor. Great Lakes Fishery Commission: Ann Arbor, Michigan. p. 19 - 48." type="book chapter" year="1988">22</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D69FF8D3FE32F8D8" author="Kritsky DC & Boeger WA" box="[434,460,1794,1817]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="37 - 58" refId="ref12718" refString="51. Kritsky DC, Boeger WA. 2003. Phylogeny of the gyrodactylidae and the phylogenetic status of Gyrodactylus Nordmann, 1832 (Platyhelminthes: Monogenoidea), in Livre Hommage a Louis Euzet, tome 2. Combes C, Jourdane J, Editors. PUP: Perpignan, France. p. 37 - 58." type="book chapter" year="2003">51</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D6F7F8D3FE0AF8D8" author="Kritsky DC & Mizelle JD" box="[474,500,1794,1817]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="205 - 215" refId="ref12777" refString="52. Kritsky DC, Mizelle JD. 1968. Studies on monogenetic trematodes. XXXV. Some new and previously described North American species of Gyrodactylus. American Midland Naturalist, 79, 205 - 215." type="journal article" year="1968">52</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D52FF8D3FDE2F8D8" author="Mueller JF" box="[514,540,1794,1817]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="55 - 72" refId="ref13435" refString="68. Mueller JF. 1936. Studies on North American gyrodactyloidea. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society, 55, 55 - 72." type="journal article" year="1936">68</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D507F8D3FDBAF8D8" author="Rahmouni C & Seifertova M & Simkova A." box="[554,580,1794,1817]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref14012" refString="82. Rahmouni C, Seifertova M, Simkova A. 2023. Revealing the hidden diversity of Gyrodactylus communities (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) from Nearctic Catostomidae and Leuciscidae fish hosts (Teleostei: Cypriniformes), with description of ten new species. Parasite, 30, 40." type="journal volume" year="2023">82</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D57FF8D3FD87F8D8" author="Threlfall W." box="[594,633,1794,1817]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="205 - 214" refId="ref14865" refString="102. Threlfall W. 1974. New and previously described species of monogenetic trematodes from Labrador catostomids and cyprinids. Folia Parasitologica, 21, 205 - 214." type="journal article" year="1974">102</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]. It was also reported in the new but unidentified
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D6CAF8F1FD5CF8F9" box="[487,674,1824,1848]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D6CAF8F1FD8FF8F9" box="[487,625,1824,1848]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gyrodactylus</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the blacknose dace,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D605F8EEFDF8F896" baseAuthorityName="Hermann" baseAuthorityYear="1804" box="[296,518,1855,1879]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Rhinichthis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="atratulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D605F8EEFDF8F896" box="[296,518,1855,1879]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Rhinichthis atratulus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D560F8EEFD3EF896" box="[589,704,1855,1879]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D560F8EEFD3EF896" box="[589,704,1855,1879]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. venusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D5FBF891FD0EF896" author="Rahmouni C & Seifertova M & Simkova A." box="[726,752,1856,1879]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref14012" refString="82. Rahmouni C, Seifertova M, Simkova A. 2023. Revealing the hidden diversity of Gyrodactylus communities (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) from Nearctic Catostomidae and Leuciscidae fish hosts (Teleostei: Cypriniformes), with description of ten new species. Parasite, 30, 40." type="journal volume" year="2023">82</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]. Although morphologically similar to each other and occurring in the southcentral part of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E940FFB9D6E5F8ACFE00F855" box="[456,510,1917,1940]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D516F8ADFD2BF855" authorityName="King, Marcogliese, Forest, McLaughlin and Bentzen" authorityYear="2013" box="[571,725,1916,1940]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mediotorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D516F8ADFD2BF855" box="[571,725,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. mediotorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
we studied herein and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D61FF84AFE1FF873" box="[306,481,1947,1971]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D61FF84AFE42F872" box="[306,444,1947,1971]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gyrodactylus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D6CBF84AFD91F872" box="[486,623,1947,1971]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D6D9F84AFD9EF873" box="[500,608,1947,1971]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venusta">C. venusta</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
collected previously in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E940FFB9D7F3F86BFEACF810" box="[222,338,1978,2001]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
|
||
most likely belong to two distinct species due to the considerable size variation in the ventral bar [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D5FAF809FD0FF82E" author="Rahmouni C & Seifertova M & Simkova A." box="[727,753,2008,2031]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref14012" refString="82. Rahmouni C, Seifertova M, Simkova A. 2023. Revealing the hidden diversity of Gyrodactylus communities (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) from Nearctic Catostomidae and Leuciscidae fish hosts (Teleostei: Cypriniformes), with description of ten new species. Parasite, 30, 40." type="journal volume" year="2023">82</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]. DNA sequences of the
|
||
<collectionCode id="4A8FAE52E940FFB9D302FF3EFBA8FEC7" box="[1071,1110,239,262]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">ITS</collectionCode>
|
||
regions will certainly clarify the taxonomic status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D339FEDCFB34FEE5" box="[1044,1226,269,293]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D339FEDCFB60FEE4" box="[1044,1182,269,293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gyrodactylus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D3F5FEDCFA94FEE4" box="[1240,1386,269,293]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
“
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D3CAFEDCFAA5FEE5" box="[1255,1371,269,293]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venusta">C. venusta</taxonomicName>
|
||
”
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in the future. Furthermore, our specimens and those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D20BFEFAFA44FE82" authorityName="King, Marcogliese, Forest, McLaughlin and Bentzen" authorityYear="2013" box="[1318,1466,299,323]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mediotorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D20BFEFAFA44FE82" box="[1318,1466,299,323]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. mediotorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D447FE9BFC25FEA0" box="[874,987,330,353]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Notropis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="texanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D447FE9BFC25FEA0" box="[874,987,330,353]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">N. texanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D4DDFE9BFBF4FEA0" author="Leis E & Easy R & Cone D." box="[1008,1034,330,353]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="247 - 253" refId="ref12948" refString="56. Leis E, Easy R, Cone D. 2021. A variant of Gyrodactylus mediotorus King, Marcogliese, Forest, McLaughlin and Bentzen, 2013 (Monogenea) identified from weed shiner (Notropis texanus) in Wisconsin portions of the upper Mississippi River. Systematic Parasitology, 98, 247 - 253." type="journal article" year="2021">56</bibRefCitation>
|
||
] presented intraspecific variability. This morphological discrepancy can be related to a specific host and/or geographical locality or phenotypic plasticity as previously evidenced in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D32AFE74FB6FFE7C" authorityName="von Nordmann" authorityYear="1832" box="[1031,1169,421,445]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D32AFE74FB6FFE7C" box="[1031,1169,421,445]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gyrodactylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
communities [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D21AFE77FAAFFE7C" author="Davidova M & Jarkovsky J & Matejusova I & Gelnar M." box="[1335,1361,422,445]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="398 - 405" refId="ref11308" refString="19. Davidova M, Jarkovsky J, Matejusova I, Gelnar M. 2005. Seasonal occurrence and metrical variability of Gyrodactylus rhodei Zitnan 1964 (Monogenea, Gyrodactylidae). Parasitology Research, 95, 398 - 405." type="journal article" year="2005">19</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D249FE77FA80FE7C" author="Ondrackova M." box="[1380,1406,422,445]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="3153 - 3162" refId="ref13634" refString="72. Ondrackova M. 2016. Gyrodactylus proterorhini in its non-native range: distribution and ability to host-switch in freshwaters. Parasitology Research, 115, 3153 - 3162." type="journal article" year="2016">72</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D2BFFE77FA52FE7C" author="Rahmouni C & Seifertova M & Simkova A." box="[1426,1452,422,445]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref14012" refString="82. Rahmouni C, Seifertova M, Simkova A. 2023. Revealing the hidden diversity of Gyrodactylus communities (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) from Nearctic Catostomidae and Leuciscidae fish hosts (Teleostei: Cypriniformes), with description of ten new species. Parasite, 30, 40." type="journal volume" year="2023">82</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]. Sequences of the 18S rDNA and
|
||
<collectionCode id="4A8FAE52E940FFB9D3A4FE15FB4EFE1A" box="[1161,1200,452,475]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">ITS</collectionCode>
|
||
regions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D20BFE15FA44FE1D" authorityName="King, Marcogliese, Forest, McLaughlin and Bentzen" authorityYear="2013" box="[1318,1466,452,476]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mediotorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D20BFE15FA44FE1D" box="[1318,1466,452,476]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. mediotorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were successfully obtained in this study and were fully conserved at the host species level. This could be linked to the common evolutionary history of shiners in the Nearctic region [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D418FDEEFCB1FD97" author="Stout C & Schonhuth S & Mayden R & Garrison NL & Armbruster JW" box="[821,847,575,598]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref14624" refString="96. Stout C, Schonhuth S, Mayden R, Garrison NL, Armbruster JW. 2022. Phylogenomics and classification of Notropis and related shiners (Cypriniformes: Leuciscidae) and the utility of exon capture on lower taxonomic groups. PeerJ, 10." type="journal volume" year="2022">96</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]. On the one hand, in terms of host specificity and similar to remarks by Šimková
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D325FD8CFBC2FDB4" box="[1032,1084,605,629]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
[
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D367FD8CFB9AFDB5" author="Simkova A & Verneau O & Gelnar M & Morand S." box="[1098,1124,605,628]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1023 - 1037" refId="ref14590" refString="95. Simkova A, Verneau O, Gelnar M, Morand S. 2006. Specificity and specialization of congeneric monogeneans parasitizing cyprinid fish. Evolution, 60, 1023 - 1037." type="journal article" year="2006">95</bibRefCitation>
|
||
],
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D357FD8CFAF3FDB4" authorityName="King, Marcogliese, Forest, McLaughlin and Bentzen" authorityYear="2013" box="[1146,1293,605,629]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mediotorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D357FD8CFAF3FDB4" box="[1146,1293,605,629]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. mediotorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to be an intermediate specialist parasitizing congeneric as well as phylogenetically closely related non-congeneric shiner hosts across the Nearctic region. Alternatively, the presence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D400FD06FC3AFD2E" authorityName="King, Marcogliese, Forest, McLaughlin and Bentzen" authorityYear="2013" box="[813,964,727,751]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mediotorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D400FD06FC3AFD2E" box="[813,964,727,751]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. mediotorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on southcentral populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D237FD06FA75FD2E" box="[1306,1419,727,751]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D237FD06FA75FD2E" box="[1306,1419,727,751]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. venusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D400FD27FC20FCCC" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[813,990,758,781]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Notropis" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stramineus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D400FD27FCB8FCCC" box="[813,838,758,781]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">N.</emphasis>
|
||
cf. stramineus
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E940FFB9D4C1FD27FBA3FCCC" box="[1004,1117,758,781]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Guadalupe</collectingCountry>
|
||
River) could simply be an inheritance from a common ancestor or has resulted from host-switching. The former scenario seems plausible given the evolutionary relatedness between these shiners [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D221FC83FAD8FCA8" author="Stout C & Schonhuth S & Mayden R & Garrison NL & Armbruster JW" box="[1292,1318,850,873]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref14624" refString="96. Stout C, Schonhuth S, Mayden R, Garrison NL, Armbruster JW. 2022. Phylogenomics and classification of Notropis and related shiners (Cypriniformes: Leuciscidae) and the utility of exon capture on lower taxonomic groups. PeerJ, 10." type="journal volume" year="2022">96</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]. The overall
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D400FCA1FC79FC46" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1818" box="[813,903,880,903]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Notropis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D400FCA1FC79FC46" box="[813,903,880,903]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Notropis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
host range associated with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D3EBFCA1FA9CFC49" authorityName="King, Marcogliese, Forest, McLaughlin and Bentzen" authorityYear="2013" box="[1222,1378,880,904]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mediotorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D3EBFCA1FA9CFC49" box="[1222,1378,880,904]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. mediotorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and its phylogenetically closely related
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D3ADFC5FFB16FC67" box="[1152,1256,910,934]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ticuchi">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D3ADFC5FFB16FC67" box="[1152,1256,910,934]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. ticuchi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D20DFC5FFA7BFC67" box="[1312,1413,910,934]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="tobala">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D20DFC5FFA7BFC67" box="[1312,1413,910,934]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. tobala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may indicate that host-switching occurred from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D22AFC7CFA64FC05" box="[1287,1434,941,964]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Notropis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D22AFC7CFA9FFC05" box="[1287,1377,941,964]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Notropis</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D400FC1AFC60FC22" box="[813,926,971,995]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D400FC1AFC60FC22" box="[813,926,971,995]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. venusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
rather than the opposite pattern (from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D264FC1AFA44FC22" box="[1353,1466,971,995]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D264FC1AFA44FC22" box="[1353,1466,971,995]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. venusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D467FC3AFC25FBC0" box="[842,987,1002,1026]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Notropis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D467FC3AFC5AFBC3" box="[842,932,1003,1026]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Notropis</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Host-switching of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D398FC3BFAC1FBC3" authorityName="von Nordmann" authorityYear="1832" box="[1205,1343,1002,1026]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D398FC3BFAC1FBC3" box="[1205,1343,1002,1026]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gyrodactylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also seems possible given the close phylogenetic relationship between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D400FBF6FC62FBFE" box="[813,924,1063,1087]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D400FBF6FC62FBFE" box="[813,924,1063,1087]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. venusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D4F9FBF9FB76FBFE" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[980,1160,1064,1087]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Notropis" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stramineus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D4F9FBF9FC13FBFE" box="[980,1005,1064,1087]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">N.</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D335FBF9FB76FBFE" box="[1048,1160,1064,1087]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">stramineus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E940FFB9D3B4FBF9FAF4FBFE" box="[1177,1290,1064,1087]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Guadalupe</collectingCountry>
|
||
River) and their occurrence in overlapping ecological niches in Texas. In monogeneans of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D33AFBB5FB55FBBD" authorityName="Johnston & Tiegs" authorityYear="1922" box="[1047,1195,1124,1148]" class="Monogenea" family="Diplectanidae" genus="Lamellodiscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dactylogyridea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D33AFBB5FB55FBBD" box="[1047,1195,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Lamellodiscus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D391FBB4FAB3FBBD" authorityName="Monticelli" authorityYear="1903" box="[1212,1357,1125,1148]" class="Monogenea" family="Diplectanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dactylogyridea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Diplectanidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) parasitizing sympatric marine sparid fish hosts, for instance, host-parasite associations have been shown to be mostly driven by ecological factors that considerably facilitated host-switching processes [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D4B2FB0EFC47FB37" author="Desdevises Y & Morand S & Jousson O & Legendre P." box="[927,953,1247,1270]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="2459 - 2471" refId="ref11582" refString="25. Desdevises Y, Morand S, Jousson O, Legendre P. 2002. Coevolution between Lamellodiscus (Monogenea: Diplectanidae) and Sparidae (Teleostei): the study of a complex host-parasite system. Evolution, 56, 2459 - 2471." type="journal article" year="2002">25</bibRefCitation>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2C213697E940FFBAD478FB2CFDC6FE3B" blockId="9.[813,1467,239,2034]" lastBlockId="10.[113,768,238,506]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
In accordance with the morphological variability observed among all currently available
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D359FACAFAF2FAF2" ID-CoL="3HZ8Y" authorityName="King, Marcogliese, Forest, McLaughlin and Bentzen" authorityYear="2013" box="[1140,1292,1307,1331]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mediotorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D359FACAFAF2FAF2" box="[1140,1292,1307,1331]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. mediotorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D233FACDFABDFAF2" box="[1310,1347,1308,1331]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">i.e.,</emphasis>
|
||
specimens from Canadian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D4FEFAEAFBA0FA93" ID-CoL="47ZH2" baseAuthorityName="Clinton" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[979,1118,1338,1362]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Notropis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hudsonius">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D4FEFAEAFBA0FA93" box="[979,1118,1338,1362]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">N. hudsonius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(type-material), from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D267FAEAFA45FA93" ID-CoL="47ZKQ" box="[1354,1467,1339,1362]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Notropis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="texanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D267FAEAFA45FA93" box="[1354,1467,1339,1362]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">N. texanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the Upper Mississippi River in Wisconsin, and from both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D400FAA6FC5FFA4E" ID-CoL="33HJK" box="[813,929,1399,1423]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D400FAA6FC5FFA4E" box="[813,929,1399,1423]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. venusta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D4C9FAA9FB5AFA4E" ID-CoL="47ZKL" baseAuthorityName="Cope" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[996,1188,1400,1423]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Notropis" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stramineus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D4C9FAA9FC03FA4E" box="[996,1021,1400,1423]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">N.</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D319FAA9FB5AFA4E" box="[1076,1188,1400,1423]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">stramineus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E940FFB9D394FAA9FAD4FA4E" box="[1209,1322,1400,1423]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Guadalupe</collectingCountry>
|
||
River) from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E940FFB9D400FA47FC93FA6C" box="[813,877,1430,1453]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
, genetic divergence was found, with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D3C0FA47FA7FFA6F" ID-CoL="3HZ8Y" authorityName="King, Marcogliese, Forest, McLaughlin and Bentzen" authorityYear="2013" box="[1261,1409,1430,1454]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mediotorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D3C0FA47FA7FFA6F" box="[1261,1409,1430,1454]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. mediotorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E940FFB9D400FA64FC67FA0D" box="[813,921,1461,1484]" country="United States of America" name="Wisconsin" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Wisconsin</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E940FFB9D4FEFA64FBEFFA0D" box="[979,1041,1461,1484]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
(both
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E940FFB9D376FA64FB6EFA0D" box="[1115,1168,1461,1484]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
) being genetically closer to each other than to the Canadian variant. Values of
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D265FA02FAA3FA2B" box="[1352,1373,1491,1514]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">p-</emphasis>
|
||
distances (0.9%) even approached the upper limit value (1%) of intraspecific genetic variation in the
|
||
<collectionCode id="4A8FAE52E940FFB9D38DF9C1FB39F9E6" box="[1184,1223,1552,1575]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">ITS</collectionCode>
|
||
regions usually considered to discriminate among
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D358F9FFFAC5F987" box="[1141,1339,1582,1606]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D358F9FFFB01F987" box="[1141,1279,1582,1606]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Gyrodactylus</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D27EF9FEFA93F987" author="Huyse T & Audenaert V & Volckaert FAM" box="[1363,1389,1583,1606]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1679 - 1689" refId="ref12249" refString="41. Huyse T, Audenaert V, Volckaert FAM. 2003. Speciation and host-parasite relationships in the parasite genus Gyrodactylus (Monogenea, Platyhelminthes) infecting gobies of the genus Pomatoschistus (Gobiidae, Teleostei). International Journal for Parasitology, 33, 1679 - 1689." type="journal article" year="2003">41</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D2A8F9FEFA52F987" author="Lumme J." box="[1413,1452,1583,1606]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="2445 - 2458" refId="ref15291" refString="112. Ziȩtara MS, Lumme J. 2002. Speciation by host switch and adaptive radiation in a fish parasite genus Gyrodactylus (Monogenea, Gyrodactylidae). Evolution, 56, 2445 - 2458." type="journal article" year="2002">112</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]. Rahmouni
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D48FF99FFC27F9A4" box="[930,985,1613,1637]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
[
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D4C7F99FFBFAF9A4" author="Rahmouni C & Seifertova M & Simkova A." box="[1002,1028,1614,1637]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref14012" refString="82. Rahmouni C, Seifertova M, Simkova A. 2023. Revealing the hidden diversity of Gyrodactylus communities (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) from Nearctic Catostomidae and Leuciscidae fish hosts (Teleostei: Cypriniformes), with description of ten new species. Parasite, 30, 40." type="journal volume" year="2023">82</bibRefCitation>
|
||
] questioned the cryptic status of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D247F99CFCA5F942" ID-CoL="BV5QK" authorityName="Rahmouni, Seifertova and Simkova" authorityYear="2023" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="huyseae">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D247F99CFCA5F942" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. huyseae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
found to parasitize two historically-connected hosts,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D400F95AFC17F963" ID-CoL="3WH77" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1820" box="[813,1001,1674,1698]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Luxilus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrysocephalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D400F95AFC17F963" box="[813,1001,1674,1698]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">L. chrysocephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D30CF95AFB4EF963" box="[1057,1200,1674,1698]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D30CF95AFB52F963" ID-CoL="47ZH2" baseAuthorityName="Clinton" baseAuthorityYear="1824" box="[1057,1196,1674,1698]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Notropis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hudsonius">N. hudsonius</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
occurring in overlapping ranges, when the genetic variation in the
|
||
<collectionCode id="4A8FAE52E940FFB9D3FEF978FB04F901" box="[1235,1274,1705,1728]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">ITS</collectionCode>
|
||
sequences slightly exceeded the limit value and a single mutation was found in the 18S rDNA sequences. The morphological and genetic divergence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D4B9F8D5FBD5F8DD" ID-CoL="3HZ8Y" authorityName="King, Marcogliese, Forest, McLaughlin and Bentzen" authorityYear="2013" box="[916,1067,1796,1820]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mediotorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D4B9F8D5FBD5F8DD" box="[916,1067,1796,1820]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. mediotorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the geographical scale evidenced in this study may be explained by the evolutionary history of shiners – particularly, their evolution during the Pleistocene glaciations, which considerably shaped the current distribution of freshwater biotas in North America [
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D3FCF8AEFB15F857" author="Fildani A & Hessler AM & Mason CC & McKay MP & Stockli DF" box="[1233,1259,1919,1942]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref11699" refString="28. Fildani A, Hessler AM, Mason CC, McKay MP, Stockli DF. 2018. Late Pleistocene glacial transitions in North America altered major river drainages, as revealed by deep-sea sediment. Scientific Reports, 8, 13839." type="journal volume" year="2018">28</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="480F4B66E940FFB9D3D7F8AEFAEAF857" author="Hewitt G." box="[1274,1300,1919,1942]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="907 - 913" refId="ref12156" refString="38. Hewitt G. 2000. The genetic legacy of the Quaternary ice ages. Nature, 405, 907 - 913." type="journal article" year="2000">38</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]. Hydrographic barriers favoring separate evolutionary pathways in Nearctic freshwaters could also have been involved in creating the morphological and genetic patterns observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E940FFB9D208F80BFA44F833" ID-CoL="3HZ8Y" authorityName="King, Marcogliese, Forest, McLaughlin and Bentzen" authorityYear="2013" box="[1317,1466,2010,2034]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mediotorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E940FFB9D208F80BFA44F833" box="[1317,1466,2010,2034]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G. mediotorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
populations. Ongoing speciation in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EB9E4D14E943FFBAD6F3FF3FFD8CFEC7" ID-CoL="3HZ8Y" authorityName="King, Marcogliese, Forest, McLaughlin and Bentzen" authorityYear="2013" box="[478,626,238,262]" class="Monogenea" family="Gyrodactylidae" genus="Gyrodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gyrodactylidea" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="mediotorus">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E943FFBAD6F3FF3FFD8CFEC7" box="[478,626,238,262]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">G. mediotorus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is, thus, most likely given the complex combinations of dispersal and vicariance events that shiner hosts have experienced. The geological, climatic, and biotic factors and circumstances that have promoted such speciation remain unknown, but deeper investigations involving powerful genetic approaches using various markers, ideally both nuclear and mitochondrial, will certainly help illuminate how gyrodactylid communities are evolving and adapting to distinct Nearctic fish hosts.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2C213697E943FFBAD75CFDF8FEC6FDFC" blockId="10.[113,312,553,573]" box="[113,312,553,573]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E943FFBAD75CFDF8FEC6FDFC" bold="true" box="[113,312,553,573]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Acknowledgements</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2C213697E943FFBAD7B4FD83FD99FCA0" blockId="10.[113,768,594,865]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
The authors are very grateful to all colleagues from the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E943FFBAD558FD83FD58FDA4" box="[629,678,594,613]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
Parks and Wildlife Department, Inland Fisheries,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E943FFBAD69FFDBAFE1BFDBF" box="[434,485,619,638]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E943FFBAD6C3FDBAFD40FDBF" box="[494,702,619,638]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">United States of America</collectingCountry>
|
||
for fish collection and identification, and to Eva Řehulková from Masaryk University, Brno,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E943FFBAD787FD4CFECEFD71" box="[170,304,669,688]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
|
||
for parasite collection. Special thanks go to Roman Kuchta and Blanka Škoríková (Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E943FFBAD52BFD01FD77FD22" box="[518,649,720,739]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
|
||
) for kind help with fish dissection, parasite isolation, and fixation, and for assistance with the deposition of voucher specimens at
|
||
<collectionCode id="4A8FAE52E943FFBAD6B9FCD3FE2EFCD4" box="[404,464,770,789]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">IPCAS</collectionCode>
|
||
, and to Susana Schonhuth from Saint Louis University,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E943FFBAD62BFCCDFED1FCEE" box="[262,303,796,815]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Kevin W. Conway from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="EE5AF875E943FFBAD504FCCDFDA4FCEE" box="[553,602,796,815]" country="United States of America" name="Texas" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Texas</collectingRegion>
|
||
A & M University,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E943FFBAD75CFCE4FF65FC89" box="[113,155,821,840]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
for their feedback regarding the shiner fish species. We further thank the three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2C213697E943FFBAD75CFCADFF3BFC51" blockId="10.[113,197,892,912]" box="[113,197,892,912]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E943FFBAD75CFCADFF3BFC51" bold="true" box="[113,197,892,912]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Funding</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2C213697E943FFBAD7B4FC74FF2CFBF6" blockId="10.[113,768,933,1079]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
This study was funded by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E943FFBAD7BFFC6EFEE9FC13" box="[146,279,959,978]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
|
||
, project no.
|
||
<collectionCode id="4A8FAE52E943FFBAD6AEFC6EFE37FC13" box="[387,457,959,978]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">LUAUS</collectionCode>
|
||
23080. Fish sampling and processing was funded by
|
||
<collectionCode id="4A8FAE52E943FFBAD7D5FC09FEEDFC2A" box="[248,275,984,1003]" country="South Africa" name="University of Stellenbosch" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">US</collectionCode>
|
||
Fish and Wildlife Service’ s Sport Fish Restoration Grant to Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2C213697E943FFBAD75CFB8BFEC5FBAF" blockId="10.[113,315,1114,1134]" box="[113,315,1114,1134]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E943FFBAD75CFB8BFEC5FBAF" bold="true" box="[113,315,1114,1134]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Conflicts of Interest</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2C213697E943FFBAD7B4FB52FD7EFB57" blockId="10.[153,640,1155,1174]" box="[153,640,1155,1174]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">The authors declare that they have no competing interests.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2C213697E943FFBAD75CFB6DFE5BFB11" blockId="10.[113,421,1212,1232]" box="[113,421,1212,1232]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<emphasis id="1EEAEA85E943FFBAD75CFB6DFE5BFB11" bold="true" box="[113,421,1212,1232]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Author contribution statement</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2C213697E943FFBAD7B4FB34FE91FA69" blockId="10.[113,769,1252,1448]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E943FFBAD7B4FB34FF4AFB36" box="[153,180,1252,1272]" name="American Samoa" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">AŠ</collectingCountry>
|
||
designed and supervised this study and collected parasite specimens.
|
||
<collectionCode id="4A8FAE52E943FFBAD75CFB2FFF6CFAD0" box="[113,146,1278,1297]" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">MB</collectionCode>
|
||
co-organized the fish sampling and identified the shiner hosts. CR performed the microscopic observations, identified the parasite species, drew the hard parts, and prepared the species descriptions. MS and CR performed genetic analyses. CR wrote the paper.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E943FFBAD643FA9BFE76FA9D" box="[366,392,1353,1373]" name="American Samoa" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">AŠ</collectingCountry>
|
||
, CR, MS, and
|
||
<collectionCode id="4A8FAE52E943FFBAD52AFA9BFDD6FA9C" box="[519,552,1354,1373]" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">MB</collectionCode>
|
||
discussed the results.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E943FFBAD5CDFA9BFD04FA9D" box="[736,762,1353,1373]" name="American Samoa" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">AŠ</collectingCountry>
|
||
, MS, and
|
||
<collectionCode id="4A8FAE52E943FFBAD7EEFAB2FF1AFAB7" box="[195,228,1379,1398]" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">MB</collectionCode>
|
||
revised the manuscript.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="54897607E943FFBAD69BFAB2FE2FFAB4" box="[438,465,1378,1398]" name="American Samoa" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">AŠ</collectingCountry>
|
||
acquired funding resources for this study.
|
||
<collectionCode id="4A8FAE52E943FFBAD786FAADFF32FA4E" box="[171,204,1404,1423]" country="Portugal" name="Universidade de Lisboa, Museu Bocage" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">MB</collectionCode>
|
||
supported the fish sampling and processing. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |