339 lines
53 KiB
XML
339 lines
53 KiB
XML
<document id="4BA16998E99C6AAE5CAF0DEC46DF1011" ID-DOI="10.5070/P9371050859" ID-ISSN="0031-0298" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1726019095505" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Marsh, Adam D. & Parker, William G." docDate="2022" docId="038C8F41F8240974614CD462FF3489E9" docLanguage="en" docName="PaleoBios.37.50859.pdf" docOrigin="PaleoBios 37" docStyle="DocumentStyle:2D14AFDE223D5FD9EB1703D6A63DEF6C.1:PaleoBios.2018-2021.journal_article" docStyleId="2D14AFDE223D5FD9EB1703D6A63DEF6C" docStyleName="PaleoBios.2018-2021.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Saurischia SEELEY, 1887 SENSU GAUTHIER 1986" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="FFB5F739F82A09646206D72CFFC88C26" masterDocTitle="New dinosauromorph specimens from Petrified Forest National Park and a global biostratigraphic review of Triassic dinosauromorph body fossils" masterLastPageNumber="56" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1726078387551" updateUser="felipe" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0">
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<mods:title id="8E5B4EE36D2188B36AD96590A01EE675">New dinosauromorph specimens from Petrified Forest National Park and a global biostratigraphic review of Triassic dinosauromorph body fossils</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7244C027B29D7B17CEBA2CE97C4FE266">Marsh, Adam D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5AB19ECA6FA7BEBFB4B01F16C9275CA1">Parker, William G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="66DEBBDD9623C8F93394369E46C1BB29">PaleoBios</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="712A2902E076623DADB66F2B73941F76">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="038C8F41F8240974614CD462FF3489E9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038C8F41F8240974614CD462FF3489E9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038C8F41F8240974614CD462FF3489E9" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">
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<subSubSection id="C33F6DDCF824096A614CD462FAF38FA0" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9A3E57F824096A614CD462FAF38FA0" blockId="14.[842,1510,846,940]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">
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<heading id="D0D2893BF824096A614CD462FAF38FA0" allCaps="true" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2545D4F824096A614CD462FABF8F40" authority="SEELEY, 1887 SENSU GAUTHIER, 1986" authorityName="SEELEY, 1887 SENSU GAUTHIER" authorityYear="1986" box="[842,1399,846,870]" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">
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SAURISCHIA SEELEY, 1887
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<emphasis id="B951E245F824096A667ED462FB728F43" box="[1144,1210,846,869]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">SENSU</emphasis>
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GAUTHIER, 1986
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</taxonomicName>
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(=EUSAU- RISCHIA PADIAN ET AL., 1999)
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<figureCitation id="131E22D2F824096A6661D4B8FB018F8A" box="[1127,1225,916,940]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[112,179,1765,1787]" captionTargetBox="[229,1376,1229,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-45@15.[706,902,1480,1735]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. A–D. Proximal ends of right and left dinosaur femora, PEFO 44475 in proximal (A, C) and anterior view (B, D). E, F. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34583 in proximal (E) and anterior (F) view. G, H. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34863 in proximal (G) and anterior (H) view.I, J. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 21660/UCMP 126751 in distal (I) and posterior (J) view. K, L. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 33956 in distal (K) and posterior (L) view. M, N. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 44469 in distal (M) and posterior (N) view. O, P. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 34562 in distal (O) and posterior (P) view. Q, R. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 44474 in distal (Q) and posterior (R) view. S, T. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 42987/UWBM 117640 in distal (S) and posterior (T) view. Abbreviations: at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crista tibiofibularis; g, groove; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; ve, ventral emargination. Scale bars=1 cm, arrows point in anterior direction." pageId="14" pageNumber="13">FIG. 6I–T</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33F6DDCF824096A6166D4ECFA28891C" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8B9A3E57F824096A6166D4ECFA28891C" blockId="14.[832,1520,960,1936]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="B951E245F824096A6166D4ECFAEF8FFC" bold="true" box="[864,1319,960,986]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Referred specimens and localities</emphasis>
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—
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21660/
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126751 (
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<figureCitation id="131E22D2F824096A6602D4CFFBA58FD8" box="[1028,1133,995,1022]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[112,179,1765,1787]" captionTargetBox="[229,1376,1229,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-45@15.[706,902,1480,1735]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. A–D. Proximal ends of right and left dinosaur femora, PEFO 44475 in proximal (A, C) and anterior view (B, D). E, F. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34583 in proximal (E) and anterior (F) view. G, H. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34863 in proximal (G) and anterior (H) view.I, J. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 21660/UCMP 126751 in distal (I) and posterior (J) view. K, L. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 33956 in distal (K) and posterior (L) view. M, N. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 44469 in distal (M) and posterior (N) view. O, P. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 34562 in distal (O) and posterior (P) view. Q, R. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 44474 in distal (Q) and posterior (R) view. S, T. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 42987/UWBM 117640 in distal (S) and posterior (T) view. Abbreviations: at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crista tibiofibularis; g, groove; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; ve, ventral emargination. Scale bars=1 cm, arrows point in anterior direction." pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6I, J</figureCitation>
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), distal end of right femur,
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071: Flattops W,
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<collectionCode id="ED34A692F824096A6667D32AFBBF8807" box="[1121,1143,1030,1057]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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82259,
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;
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<collectionCode id="ED34A692F824096A6711D32BFA938807" box="[1303,1371,1031,1057]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7x98-r3em" name="Petrified Forest" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">PEFO</collectionCode>
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33956 (
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<figureCitation id="131E22D2F824096A67C7D32BFC4C8862" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[112,179,1765,1787]" captionTargetBox="[229,1376,1229,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-45@15.[706,902,1480,1735]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. A–D. Proximal ends of right and left dinosaur femora, PEFO 44475 in proximal (A, C) and anterior view (B, D). E, F. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34583 in proximal (E) and anterior (F) view. G, H. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34863 in proximal (G) and anterior (H) view.I, J. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 21660/UCMP 126751 in distal (I) and posterior (J) view. K, L. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 33956 in distal (K) and posterior (L) view. M, N. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 44469 in distal (M) and posterior (N) view. O, P. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 34562 in distal (O) and posterior (P) view. Q, R. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 44474 in distal (Q) and posterior (R) view. S, T. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 42987/UWBM 117640 in distal (S) and posterior (T) view. Abbreviations: at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crista tibiofibularis; g, groove; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; ve, ventral emargination. Scale bars=1 cm, arrows point in anterior direction." pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6K–L</figureCitation>
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), distal end of right femur,
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231: The Giving Site,
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;
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<collectionCode id="ED34A692F824096A6180D361FC028841" box="[902,970,1101,1127]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7x98-r3em" name="Petrified Forest" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">PEFO</collectionCode>
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44469 (
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<figureCitation id="131E22D2F824096A6629D361FB678841" box="[1071,1199,1101,1127]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[112,179,1765,1787]" captionTargetBox="[229,1376,1229,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-45@15.[706,902,1480,1735]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. A–D. Proximal ends of right and left dinosaur femora, PEFO 44475 in proximal (A, C) and anterior view (B, D). E, F. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34583 in proximal (E) and anterior (F) view. G, H. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34863 in proximal (G) and anterior (H) view.I, J. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 21660/UCMP 126751 in distal (I) and posterior (J) view. K, L. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 33956 in distal (K) and posterior (L) view. M, N. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 44469 in distal (M) and posterior (N) view. O, P. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 34562 in distal (O) and posterior (P) view. Q, R. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 44474 in distal (Q) and posterior (R) view. S, T. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 42987/UWBM 117640 in distal (S) and posterior (T) view. Abbreviations: at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crista tibiofibularis; g, groove; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; ve, ventral emargination. Scale bars=1 cm, arrows point in anterior direction." pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6M, N</figureCitation>
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), distal end of right femur,
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<collectionCode id="ED34A692F824096A6146D35DFCBA88AD" box="[832,882,1137,1163]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">PFV</collectionCode>
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451: Black Knoll E,
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<collectionCode id="ED34A692F824096A66BED35CFB3488AC" box="[1208,1276,1136,1162]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7x98-r3em" name="Petrified Forest" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">PEFO</collectionCode>
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34562 (
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<figureCitation id="131E22D2F824096A6760D35CFA2988AC" box="[1382,1505,1136,1162]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[112,179,1765,1787]" captionTargetBox="[229,1376,1229,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-45@15.[706,902,1480,1735]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. A–D. Proximal ends of right and left dinosaur femora, PEFO 44475 in proximal (A, C) and anterior view (B, D). E, F. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34583 in proximal (E) and anterior (F) view. G, H. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34863 in proximal (G) and anterior (H) view.I, J. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 21660/UCMP 126751 in distal (I) and posterior (J) view. K, L. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 33956 in distal (K) and posterior (L) view. M, N. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 44469 in distal (M) and posterior (N) view. O, P. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 34562 in distal (O) and posterior (P) view. Q, R. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 44474 in distal (Q) and posterior (R) view. S, T. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 42987/UWBM 117640 in distal (S) and posterior (T) view. Abbreviations: at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crista tibiofibularis; g, groove; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; ve, ventral emargination. Scale bars=1 cm, arrows point in anterior direction." pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6O, P</figureCitation>
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), distal end of left femur,
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<collectionCode id="ED34A692F824096A6652D3B8FB4D8888" box="[1108,1157,1172,1198]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">PFV</collectionCode>
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184: Clambake Amphitheater,
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<collectionCode id="ED34A692F824096A618ED39BFC0488F7" box="[904,972,1207,1233]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7x98-r3em" name="Petrified Forest" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">PEFO</collectionCode>
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44474 (
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<figureCitation id="131E22D2F824096A6631D39BFB7D88F7" box="[1079,1205,1206,1233]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[112,179,1765,1787]" captionTargetBox="[229,1376,1229,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-45@15.[706,902,1480,1735]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. A–D. Proximal ends of right and left dinosaur femora, PEFO 44475 in proximal (A, C) and anterior view (B, D). E, F. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34583 in proximal (E) and anterior (F) view. G, H. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34863 in proximal (G) and anterior (H) view.I, J. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 21660/UCMP 126751 in distal (I) and posterior (J) view. K, L. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 33956 in distal (K) and posterior (L) view. M, N. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 44469 in distal (M) and posterior (N) view. O, P. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 34562 in distal (O) and posterior (P) view. Q, R. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 44474 in distal (Q) and posterior (R) view. S, T. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 42987/UWBM 117640 in distal (S) and posterior (T) view. Abbreviations: at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crista tibiofibularis; g, groove; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; ve, ventral emargination. Scale bars=1 cm, arrows point in anterior direction." pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6Q, R</figureCitation>
|
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), distal end of left femur,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED34A692F824096A6146D3F6FCBA88D2" box="[832,882,1242,1268]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">PFV</collectionCode>
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492: Dead Wash NW2,
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<collectionCode id="ED34A692F824096A66A4D3F6FB1688D2" box="[1186,1246,1242,1268]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">PFM</collectionCode>
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;
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<collectionCode id="ED34A692F824096A66EDD3F6FAE788D2" box="[1259,1327,1242,1268]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/7x98-r3em" name="Petrified Forest" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">PEFO</collectionCode>
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42987/
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<collectionCode id="ED34A692F824096A6788D3F6FA3888D2" box="[1422,1520,1242,1268]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34878" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34878" name="University of Washington, Burke Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" type="Museum">UWBM</collectionCode>
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117640 (
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<figureCitation id="131E22D2F824096A61B2D3D1FBF88931" box="[948,1072,1277,1303]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[112,179,1765,1787]" captionTargetBox="[229,1376,1229,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-45@15.[706,902,1480,1735]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. A–D. Proximal ends of right and left dinosaur femora, PEFO 44475 in proximal (A, C) and anterior view (B, D). E, F. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34583 in proximal (E) and anterior (F) view. G, H. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34863 in proximal (G) and anterior (H) view.I, J. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 21660/UCMP 126751 in distal (I) and posterior (J) view. K, L. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 33956 in distal (K) and posterior (L) view. M, N. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 44469 in distal (M) and posterior (N) view. O, P. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 34562 in distal (O) and posterior (P) view. Q, R. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 44474 in distal (Q) and posterior (R) view. S, T. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 42987/UWBM 117640 in distal (S) and posterior (T) view. Abbreviations: at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crista tibiofibularis; g, groove; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; ve, ventral emargination. Scale bars=1 cm, arrows point in anterior direction." pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6S, T</figureCitation>
|
||
), distal end of left femur,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED34A692F824096A677AD3D2FA66893E" box="[1404,1454,1278,1304]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">PFV</collectionCode>
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410: Kaye Quarry,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED34A692F824096A61E0D20DFBF6891D" box="[998,1086,1313,1339]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34878" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34878" name="University of Washington, Burke Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" type="Museum">UWBM</collectionCode>
|
||
C2226, Jim Camp Wash beds,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED34A692F824096A67B5D20CFA14891C" box="[1459,1500,1312,1338]" country="Malaysia" name="Sarawak Museum" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">SM</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33F6DDCF82409746166D26FFF3489E9" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A3E57F824096A6166D26FFA388BA9" blockId="14.[832,1520,960,1936]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F824096A6166D26FFA43897B" bold="true" box="[864,1419,1347,1373]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Description and rationale for assignment</emphasis>
|
||
—These distal ends of femora are all broken distal to the fourth trochanter, but they all preserve the distal medial and lateral condyles and
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F824096A6648D281FAF789E1" box="[1102,1343,1453,1479]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">crista tibiofibularis</emphasis>
|
||
, except PEFO 33956 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E22D2F824096A61A7D2FCFC3689CC" box="[929,1022,1488,1514]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[112,179,1765,1787]" captionTargetBox="[229,1376,1229,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-45@15.[706,902,1480,1735]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. A–D. Proximal ends of right and left dinosaur femora, PEFO 44475 in proximal (A, C) and anterior view (B, D). E, F. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34583 in proximal (E) and anterior (F) view. G, H. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34863 in proximal (G) and anterior (H) view.I, J. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 21660/UCMP 126751 in distal (I) and posterior (J) view. K, L. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 33956 in distal (K) and posterior (L) view. M, N. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 44469 in distal (M) and posterior (N) view. O, P. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 34562 in distal (O) and posterior (P) view. Q, R. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 44474 in distal (Q) and posterior (R) view. S, T. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 42987/UWBM 117640 in distal (S) and posterior (T) view. Abbreviations: at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crista tibiofibularis; g, groove; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; ve, ventral emargination. Scale bars=1 cm, arrows point in anterior direction." pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6K</figureCitation>
|
||
), which is lacking most of the
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F824096A677FD2E2FC758A2B" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">crista tibiofibularis</emphasis>
|
||
. In all of the specimens, a groove divides the lateral condyle and
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F824096A6645D139FAFD8A16" box="[1091,1333,1557,1585]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">crista tibiofibularis</emphasis>
|
||
in distal view (Nesbitt 2011:322-1) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E22D2F824096A6666D115FB7C8A75" box="[1120,1204,1593,1619]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[112,179,1765,1787]" captionTargetBox="[229,1376,1229,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-45@15.[706,902,1480,1735]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. A–D. Proximal ends of right and left dinosaur femora, PEFO 44475 in proximal (A, C) and anterior view (B, D). E, F. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34583 in proximal (E) and anterior (F) view. G, H. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34863 in proximal (G) and anterior (H) view.I, J. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 21660/UCMP 126751 in distal (I) and posterior (J) view. K, L. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 33956 in distal (K) and posterior (L) view. M, N. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 44469 in distal (M) and posterior (N) view. O, P. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 34562 in distal (O) and posterior (P) view. Q, R. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 44474 in distal (Q) and posterior (R) view. S, T. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 42987/UWBM 117640 in distal (S) and posterior (T) view. Abbreviations: at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crista tibiofibularis; g, groove; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; ve, ventral emargination. Scale bars=1 cm, arrows point in anterior direction." pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6I</figureCitation>
|
||
), which is a synapomor- phy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2545D4F824096A619DD170FBD68A50" authorityName="SEELEY, 1887 SENSU GAUTHIER" authorityYear="1986" box="[923,1054,1628,1654]" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Saurischia</taxonomicName>
|
||
, e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2545D4F824096A6663D177FA388A5F" authorityName="Reig" authorityYear="1963" box="[1125,1520,1627,1657]" class="Reptilia" family="Herrerasauridae" genus="Herrerasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ischigualastensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F824096A6663D177FA388A5F" box="[1125,1520,1627,1657]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Herrerasaurus ischigualastensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(PVSJ 373, Novas 1993: fig. 7f),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2545D4F824096A66DBD1ACFA388ABC" box="[1245,1520,1662,1692]" class="Reptilia" genus="Saturnalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tupiniquim">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F824096A66DBD1ACFA388ABC" box="[1245,1520,1662,1692]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Saturnalia tupiniquim</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MCP PV 3844, Langer 2003: fig. 4d), and ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2545D4F824096A6777D18FFA218A99" box="[1393,1513,1699,1727]" class="Reptilia" family="Coelophysidae" genus="Syntarsus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F824096A6777D18FFA218A99" box="[1393,1513,1699,1727]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Syntarsus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F824096A6146D1EAFC2E8AC4" box="[832,998,1734,1762]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">kayentakatae</emphasis>
|
||
(MNA
|
||
<date id="FF9B1897F824096A6644D1E9FB518AF9" box="[1090,1177,1733,1759]" pageId="14" pageNumber="13" value="2623-05">V2623</date>
|
||
). Furthermore, this groove opens posterolaterally in an obtuse angle in distal view in all these specimens. Shuvosaurid pseudosuchians have a similar morphology in the distal end of the femur but can be differentiated as their groove opens at a 90° angle (Parker and Irmis 2005). A similar groove is also
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A3E57F825096B6309D7FDFCEE8CD1" blockId="15.[271,806,209,247]" box="[271,806,209,247]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">A C E</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A3E57F825096B665FD7FDFBBB8CD1" blockId="15.[1113,1139,209,247]" box="[1113,1139,209,247]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">G</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A3E57F825096B6308D67FFBBF8D5F" blockId="15.[270,1378,339,561]" box="[270,1143,339,377]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">B F H</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A3E57F825096B66C5D575FCF48EA4" blockId="15.[250,1403,591,677]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">mc ctf g ctf g K mc</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A3E57F825096B63FBD40FFDD98F1D" blockId="15.[509,529,803,827]" box="[509,529,803,827]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">lc</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A3E57F825096B666DD45DFB408FB1" box="[1131,1160,881,919]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">N</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A3E57F825096B675DD33EFAB1880C" blockId="15.[1371,1401,1042,1066]" box="[1371,1401,1042,1066]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">ctf</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A3E57F825096B61BFD344FAA188B1" box="[953,1385,1128,1175]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">lc mc lc</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A3E57F825096B6753D3C1FAB18922" box="[1365,1401,1261,1284]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">mc</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5A6EDFF825096B6276D1C9FD258BBC" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" startId="15.[112,179,1765,1787]" targetBox="[229,1376,1229,1735]" targetPageId="15" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A3E57F825096B6276D1C9FD258BBC" blockId="15.[112,1513,1765,1946]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B6276D1C9FF0D8ADC" bold="true" box="[112,197,1765,1787]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Figure 6</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B62C9D1C9FF318ADC" bold="true" box="[207,249,1765,1787]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">A–D</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal ends of right and left dinosaur femora, PEFO 44475 in proximal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B61C9D1C9FC168ADC" bold="true" box="[975,990,1765,1786]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">A</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B61E1D1C9FC3C8ADD" bold="true" box="[999,1012,1765,1787]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">C</emphasis>
|
||
) and anterior view (
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B66BDD1C9FB028ADC" bold="true" box="[1211,1226,1765,1786]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">B</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B66D2D1C9FB2C8ADC" bold="true" box="[1236,1252,1765,1786]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">D</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B66F0D1C9FACB8ADC" bold="true" box="[1270,1283,1765,1786]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">E</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B670BD1C9FAD18ADC" bold="true" box="[1293,1305,1765,1786]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">F</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34583 in proximal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B6001D1D0FDDC8B37" bold="true" box="[519,532,1788,1809]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">E</emphasis>
|
||
) and anterior (
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B60AED1D0FD7C8B37" bold="true" box="[680,692,1788,1809]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">F</emphasis>
|
||
) view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B60FED1D0FCCF8B34" bold="true" box="[760,775,1788,1810]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">G</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B6116D1D0FCE88B37" bold="true" box="[784,800,1788,1809]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">H</emphasis>
|
||
. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34863 in proximal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B6785D1D0FA5A8B34" bold="true" box="[1411,1426,1788,1810]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">G</emphasis>
|
||
) and anterior (
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B62CBD03FFF158B0E" bold="true" box="[205,221,1811,1832]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">H</emphasis>
|
||
) view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B6327D03FFEE18B0E" bold="true" box="[289,297,1811,1832]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">I</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B6335D03FFEF38B0E" bold="true" box="[307,315,1811,1832]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">J</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 21660/UCMP 126751 in distal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B661DD03FFBEB8B0E" bold="true" box="[1051,1059,1811,1832]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">I</emphasis>
|
||
) and posterior (
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B66C7D03FFB018B0E" bold="true" box="[1217,1225,1811,1832]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">J</emphasis>
|
||
) view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B670BD03FFAD48B0E" bold="true" box="[1293,1308,1811,1832]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">K</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B6720D03FFAFA8B0E" bold="true" box="[1318,1330,1811,1832]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">L</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 33956 in distal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B63F9D005FDC68B18" bold="true" box="[511,526,1833,1854]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">K</emphasis>
|
||
) and posterior (
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B60ABD005FD718B18" bold="true" box="[685,697,1833,1854]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">L</emphasis>
|
||
) view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B60FBD005FCD88B18" bold="true" box="[765,784,1833,1854]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">M</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B611CD005FCE18B18" bold="true" box="[794,809,1833,1854]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">N</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 44469 in distal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B6775D005FA4E8B18" bold="true" box="[1395,1414,1833,1854]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">M</emphasis>
|
||
) and posterior (
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B62DED06CFF2F8B73" bold="true" box="[216,231,1856,1877]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">N</emphasis>
|
||
) view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B632DD06CFEF38B70" bold="true" box="[299,315,1856,1878]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">O</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B6342D06CFE9A8B73" bold="true" box="[324,338,1856,1877]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">P</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 34562 in distal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B618BD06CFC558B70" bold="true" box="[909,925,1856,1878]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">O</emphasis>
|
||
) and posterior (
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B663AD06CFB828B73" bold="true" box="[1084,1098,1856,1877]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">P</emphasis>
|
||
) view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B6688D06CFB568B70" bold="true" box="[1166,1182,1856,1878]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Q</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B66A1D06CFB7E8B73" bold="true" box="[1191,1206,1856,1877]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">R</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 44474 in distal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B638CD07AFE528B4A" bold="true" box="[394,410,1878,1900]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Q</emphasis>
|
||
) and posterior (
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B603FD07BFD808B4A" bold="true" box="[569,584,1879,1900]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">R</emphasis>
|
||
) view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B608AD07AFD508B4A" bold="true" box="[652,664,1878,1900]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">S</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B60A7D07BFD678B4A" bold="true" box="[673,687,1879,1900]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">T</emphasis>
|
||
. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 42987/UWBM 117640 in distal (
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B678CD07AFA5E8B4A" bold="true" box="[1418,1430,1878,1900]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">S</emphasis>
|
||
) and posterior (
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B62DED041FF2E8BA4" bold="true" box="[216,230,1901,1922]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">T</emphasis>
|
||
) view. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B63BBD041FE198BA4" bold="true" box="[445,465,1901,1922]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">at</emphasis>
|
||
, anterior trochanter;
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B60A7D041FD738BA5" bold="true" box="[673,699,1901,1923]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">ctf</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B60C3D042FCB18BA4" box="[709,889,1901,1923]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">crista tibiofibularis</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B6182D041FC588BA4" bold="true" box="[900,912,1901,1922]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">g</emphasis>
|
||
, groove;
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B61E1D041FC318BA4" bold="true" box="[999,1017,1901,1922]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">lc</emphasis>
|
||
, lateral condyle;
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B669DD041FB728BA4" bold="true" box="[1179,1210,1901,1922]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">mc</emphasis>
|
||
, medial condyle;
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F825096B6767D041FAB08BA4" bold="true" box="[1377,1400,1901,1922]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">ve</emphasis>
|
||
, ventral emargination. Scale bars=1 cm, arrows point in anterior direction.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A3E57F83A09746276D7EFFD558D4F" blockId="16.[112,801,194,1487]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
|
||
present convergently in lagerpetids (Garcia et al. 2019: fig. 7a–h), but in that group the
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F83A09746015D7C8FCC98CD9" box="[531,769,228,256]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">crista tibiofibularis</emphasis>
|
||
is greatly enlarged and is larger than the medial condyle in distal view (Nesbitt 2011:326-1), e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2545D4F83A0974607BD606FF0B8D4C" class="Reptilia" family="Lagerpetonidae" genus="Dromomeron" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="romeri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F83A0974607BD606FF0B8D4C" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Dromomeron romeri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(GR 218, Nesbitt et al. 2009b: fig. 1d).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9A3E57F83A09746296D65FFF3489E9" blockId="16.[112,801,194,1487]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
|
||
In distal view, the posterior margin of the medial condyle is rounded in PEFO 21660/UCMP 126751 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E22D2F83A097460F7D6B9FF448DF4" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[112,179,1765,1787]" captionTargetBox="[229,1376,1229,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-45@15.[706,902,1480,1735]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. A–D. Proximal ends of right and left dinosaur femora, PEFO 44475 in proximal (A, C) and anterior view (B, D). E, F. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34583 in proximal (E) and anterior (F) view. G, H. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34863 in proximal (G) and anterior (H) view.I, J. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 21660/UCMP 126751 in distal (I) and posterior (J) view. K, L. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 33956 in distal (K) and posterior (L) view. M, N. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 44469 in distal (M) and posterior (N) view. O, P. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 34562 in distal (O) and posterior (P) view. Q, R. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 44474 in distal (Q) and posterior (R) view. S, T. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 42987/UWBM 117640 in distal (S) and posterior (T) view. Abbreviations: at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crista tibiofibularis; g, groove; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; ve, ventral emargination. Scale bars=1 cm, arrows point in anterior direction." pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6I</figureCitation>
|
||
), PEFO 44469 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E22D2F83A09746355D695FE7E8DF4" box="[339,438,440,467]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[112,179,1765,1787]" captionTargetBox="[229,1376,1229,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-45@15.[706,902,1480,1735]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. A–D. Proximal ends of right and left dinosaur femora, PEFO 44475 in proximal (A, C) and anterior view (B, D). E, F. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34583 in proximal (E) and anterior (F) view. G, H. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34863 in proximal (G) and anterior (H) view.I, J. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 21660/UCMP 126751 in distal (I) and posterior (J) view. K, L. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 33956 in distal (K) and posterior (L) view. M, N. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 44469 in distal (M) and posterior (N) view. O, P. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 34562 in distal (O) and posterior (P) view. Q, R. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 44474 in distal (Q) and posterior (R) view. S, T. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 42987/UWBM 117640 in distal (S) and posterior (T) view. Abbreviations: at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crista tibiofibularis; g, groove; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; ve, ventral emargination. Scale bars=1 cm, arrows point in anterior direction." pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6M</figureCitation>
|
||
), and PEFO 44474 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E22D2F83A097460B2D695FCDA8DF4" box="[692,786,440,467]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[112,179,1765,1787]" captionTargetBox="[229,1376,1229,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-45@15.[706,902,1480,1735]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. A–D. Proximal ends of right and left dinosaur femora, PEFO 44475 in proximal (A, C) and anterior view (B, D). E, F. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34583 in proximal (E) and anterior (F) view. G, H. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34863 in proximal (G) and anterior (H) view.I, J. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 21660/UCMP 126751 in distal (I) and posterior (J) view. K, L. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 33956 in distal (K) and posterior (L) view. M, N. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 44469 in distal (M) and posterior (N) view. O, P. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 34562 in distal (O) and posterior (P) view. Q, R. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 44474 in distal (Q) and posterior (R) view. S, T. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 42987/UWBM 117640 in distal (S) and posterior (T) view. Abbreviations: at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crista tibiofibularis; g, groove; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; ve, ventral emargination. Scale bars=1 cm, arrows point in anterior direction." pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6Q</figureCitation>
|
||
), and pointed in PEFO 33956 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E22D2F83A097463DFD6F0FDFC8DD0" box="[473,564,476,502]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[112,179,1765,1787]" captionTargetBox="[229,1376,1229,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-45@15.[706,902,1480,1735]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. A–D. Proximal ends of right and left dinosaur femora, PEFO 44475 in proximal (A, C) and anterior view (B, D). E, F. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34583 in proximal (E) and anterior (F) view. G, H. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34863 in proximal (G) and anterior (H) view.I, J. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 21660/UCMP 126751 in distal (I) and posterior (J) view. K, L. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 33956 in distal (K) and posterior (L) view. M, N. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 44469 in distal (M) and posterior (N) view. O, P. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 34562 in distal (O) and posterior (P) view. Q, R. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 44474 in distal (Q) and posterior (R) view. S, T. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 42987/UWBM 117640 in distal (S) and posterior (T) view. Abbreviations: at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crista tibiofibularis; g, groove; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; ve, ventral emargination. Scale bars=1 cm, arrows point in anterior direction." pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6K</figureCitation>
|
||
), PEFO 34562 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E22D2F83A097460F7D6F0FF5E8E3F" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[112,179,1765,1787]" captionTargetBox="[229,1376,1229,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-45@15.[706,902,1480,1735]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. A–D. Proximal ends of right and left dinosaur femora, PEFO 44475 in proximal (A, C) and anterior view (B, D). E, F. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34583 in proximal (E) and anterior (F) view. G, H. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34863 in proximal (G) and anterior (H) view.I, J. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 21660/UCMP 126751 in distal (I) and posterior (J) view. K, L. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 33956 in distal (K) and posterior (L) view. M, N. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 44469 in distal (M) and posterior (N) view. O, P. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 34562 in distal (O) and posterior (P) view. Q, R. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 44474 in distal (Q) and posterior (R) view. S, T. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 42987/UWBM 117640 in distal (S) and posterior (T) view. Abbreviations: at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crista tibiofibularis; g, groove; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; ve, ventral emargination. Scale bars=1 cm, arrows point in anterior direction." pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6O</figureCitation>
|
||
), and PEFO 42987/UWBM 117640 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E22D2F83A09746055D6D3FD618E3F" box="[595,681,511,537]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[112,179,1765,1787]" captionTargetBox="[229,1376,1229,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-45@15.[706,902,1480,1735]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. A–D. Proximal ends of right and left dinosaur femora, PEFO 44475 in proximal (A, C) and anterior view (B, D). E, F. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34583 in proximal (E) and anterior (F) view. G, H. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34863 in proximal (G) and anterior (H) view.I, J. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 21660/UCMP 126751 in distal (I) and posterior (J) view. K, L. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 33956 in distal (K) and posterior (L) view. M, N. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 44469 in distal (M) and posterior (N) view. O, P. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 34562 in distal (O) and posterior (P) view. Q, R. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 44474 in distal (Q) and posterior (R) view. S, T. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 42987/UWBM 117640 in distal (S) and posterior (T) view. Abbreviations: at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crista tibiofibularis; g, groove; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; ve, ventral emargination. Scale bars=1 cm, arrows point in anterior direction." pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6S</figureCitation>
|
||
). A round medial condyle is present in most early dinosaur groups, including ornithischians, e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2545D4F83A097463F1D568FD0F8E46" box="[503,711,580,608]" class="Reptilia" genus="Eocursor" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F83A097463F1D568FD0F8E46" box="[503,711,580,608]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Eocursor parvus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SAM-PK-K8025, Butler 2009: fig. 15f), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2545D4F83A0974606FD545FF0D8E80" authorityName="Colbert" authorityYear="1981" class="Reptilia" family="Scutellosauridae" genus="Scutellosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lawleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F83A0974606FD545FF0D8E80" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Scutellosaurus lawleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MNA V175), early sauropodomorphs, e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2545D4F83A097460E4D5A6FEEA8EEC" class="Reptilia" genus="Buriolestes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schultzi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F83A097460E4D5A6FEEA8EEC" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Buriolestes schultzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(ULBRA-PVT280, Cabriera et al. 2016: fig. s2e), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2545D4F83A097462E2D5FFFE5A8ECB" box="[228,402,721,751]" class="Reptilia" genus="Saturnalia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tupiniquim">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F83A097462E2D5FFFE5A8ECB" box="[228,402,721,751]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Sa. tupiniquim</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MCP PV 3844, Langer 2003: fig. 4d), early theropods, e.g.,
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F83A097463B5D5D8FD808F36" box="[435,584,756,784]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Tawa
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2545D4F83A097463FBD5D8FD808F36" box="[509,584,756,784]" class="Reptilia" family="Stagonolepididae" genus="Typothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aetosauria" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hallae">hallae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(GR 244, Nesbitt 2011: fig. 39b), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2545D4F83A09746367D43BFD838F13" authorityName="Reig" authorityYear="1963" box="[353,587,791,821]" class="Reptilia" family="Herrerasauridae" genus="Herrerasaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ischigualastensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F83A09746367D43BFD838F13" box="[353,587,791,821]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">H. ischigualastensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(PVSJ 373, Novas 1993: fig. 7f), and stem-averostrans, e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2545D4F83A09746069D416FF218F5C" authorityName="Welles" authorityYear="1954" class="Reptilia" family="Troodontidae" genus="Dilophosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wetherilli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F83A09746069D416FF218F5C" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Dilophosaurus wetherilli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UCMP 37302, Marsh and Rowe 2020: fig. 20.6), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2545D4F83A097462F0D4AFFF558FE6" authority="Hammer and Hickerson" authorityName="Hammer and Hickerson" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" genus="Cryolophosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ornithischia" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ellioti">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F83A097462F0D4AFFDD98FBB" box="[246,529,897,927]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Cryolophosaurus ellioti</emphasis>
|
||
Hammer and Hickerson
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1994, FMNH
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E1F0B5F83A09746348D48AFEB98FE6" box="[334,369,934,960]" country="Brazil" name="Para" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">PR</collectingRegion>
|
||
4923). A pointed medial condyle is present in the large-bodied coelophysid specimens from PEFO (PEFO 21373/UCMP 129618 and PEFO 33981). In distal view, the
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F83A0974633ED33CFDED880F" box="[312,549,1039,1065]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">crista tibiofibularis</emphasis>
|
||
and lateral condyle are not well separated from one another in PEFO 44474 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E22D2F83A0974627FD379FF1B8849" box="[121,211,1109,1135]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[112,179,1765,1787]" captionTargetBox="[229,1376,1229,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-45@15.[706,902,1480,1735]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. A–D. Proximal ends of right and left dinosaur femora, PEFO 44475 in proximal (A, C) and anterior view (B, D). E, F. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34583 in proximal (E) and anterior (F) view. G, H. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34863 in proximal (G) and anterior (H) view.I, J. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 21660/UCMP 126751 in distal (I) and posterior (J) view. K, L. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 33956 in distal (K) and posterior (L) view. M, N. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 44469 in distal (M) and posterior (N) view. O, P. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 34562 in distal (O) and posterior (P) view. Q, R. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 44474 in distal (Q) and posterior (R) view. S, T. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 42987/UWBM 117640 in distal (S) and posterior (T) view. Abbreviations: at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crista tibiofibularis; g, groove; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; ve, ventral emargination. Scale bars=1 cm, arrows point in anterior direction." pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6Q</figureCitation>
|
||
), much like the condition found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2545D4F83A0974607DD37AFECA88B3" authorityName="Long and Murry" authorityYear="1995" family="Staurikosauridae" genus="Chindesaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bryansmalli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F83A0974607DD37AFECA88B3" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Chindesaurus bryansmalli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(PEFO 10395,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB443A6F83A097463C1D355FD7088B5" author="TAWA HALLAE CLADE SENSU MARSH ET AL" box="[455,696,1145,1171]" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" refId="ref11873" refString="CHINDESAURUS BRYANSMALLI + TAWA HALLAE CLADE SENSU MARSH ET AL., 2019 A" type="book" year="2019">Marsh et al. 2019a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 7f) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2545D4F83A097462A2D3B6FECF8890" box="[164,263,1178,1206]" class="Reptilia" family="Stagonolepididae" genus="Typothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aetosauria" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hallae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F83A097462A2D3B6FECF8890" box="[164,263,1178,1206]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">T. hallae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(GR 244, Nesbit 2011: fig. 39b). In the other specimens (
|
||
<figureCitation id="131E22D2F83A09746302D393FEA988FF" box="[260,353,1215,1241]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="15.[112,179,1765,1787]" captionTargetBox="[229,1376,1229,1735]" captionTargetId="figure-45@15.[706,902,1480,1735]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="Figure 6. A–D. Proximal ends of right and left dinosaur femora, PEFO 44475 in proximal (A, C) and anterior view (B, D). E, F. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34583 in proximal (E) and anterior (F) view. G, H. Proximal end of left dinosaur femur, PEFO 34863 in proximal (G) and anterior (H) view.I, J. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 21660/UCMP 126751 in distal (I) and posterior (J) view. K, L. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 33956 in distal (K) and posterior (L) view. M, N. Distal end of right saurischian femur, PEFO 44469 in distal (M) and posterior (N) view. O, P. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 34562 in distal (O) and posterior (P) view. Q, R. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 44474 in distal (Q) and posterior (R) view. S, T. Distal end of left saurischian femur, PEFO 42987/UWBM 117640 in distal (S) and posterior (T) view. Abbreviations: at, anterior trochanter; ctf, crista tibiofibularis; g, groove; lc, lateral condyle; mc, medial condyle; ve, ventral emargination. Scale bars=1 cm, arrows point in anterior direction." pageId="16" pageNumber="15">Fig. 6O</figureCitation>
|
||
), the
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F83A097463A1D3ECFD5A88FF" box="[423,658,1215,1241]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">crista tibiofibularis</emphasis>
|
||
and lateral condyle are distinctly separate structures and resemble the distal outline of theropods such as coelophysids and stem-averostran (Ezcurra 2017: figs. 4.1, 4.3, 4.4, 4.6, 4.7). We assign these distal femora to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2545D4F83A0974604CD260FD048940" authorityName="SEELEY, 1887 SENSU GAUTHIER" authorityYear="1986" box="[586,716,1356,1382]" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Saurischia" pageId="16" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Saurischia</taxonomicName>
|
||
owing to the presence of a groove between the lateral condyle and
|
||
<emphasis id="B951E245F83A097462A3D2BFFE47898A" box="[165,399,1426,1452]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="15">crista tibiofibularis</emphasis>
|
||
that opens at an obtuse angle in distal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |