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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1185.110365" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1185-285" ID-Pensoft-UUID="70D396F5AA4D54B8958FE3914506D02C" ID-ZooBank="6F9ABC1DE39C499E9F86F9862076E226" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1185-285" checkinTime="1701506409604" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Azarkina, Galina N. &amp; Foord, Stefan H." docDate="2023" docId="7061392BA3935D6BBE9661735CA81ECC" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1185: 285-308" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1185" docPubDate="2023-12-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1185.110365" docTitle="Festucula botswana Azarkina &amp; Foord 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="47EFE4C7-7707-42F2-92BB-5A8BED73AEE2" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="70D396F5AA4D54B8958FE3914506D02C" lastPageNumber="285" masterDocId="70D396F5AA4D54B8958FE3914506D02C" masterDocTitle="Further notes on the Afrotropical genus Festucula Simon, 1901 (Araneae, Salticidae)" masterLastPageNumber="308" masterPageNumber="285" pageNumber="285" updateTime="1701506409604" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title id="0643FD0E22EC101B61432414A97E84F7">Further notes on the Afrotropical genus Festucula Simon, 1901 (Araneae, Salticidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="925313FA6B6E052F4E52AD7A7175215A">Azarkina, Galina N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="26469C6360B206DAB7A2B5D4FC9D8B6C">Laboratory of Systematics of Invertebrate Animals, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Frunze Street 11, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia &amp; SARChI Chair on Biodiversity Value and Change in the Vhembe Biosphere Reserve, Centre for Invasion Biology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X 5050, Thohoyandou, Limpopo 0950, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F556DDFD71D14BDFA655162F2E38A15A">Foord, Stefan H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="48F8A8C46DBC501E9EAB5FA4E9E7528B">SARChI Chair on Biodiversity Value and Change in the Vhembe Biosphere Reserve, Centre for Invasion Biology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X 5050, Thohoyandou, Limpopo 0950, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="22A0EA746D496B9440D35A9BF8106410" pageId="0" pageNumber="285" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="E9EEB4152BE11543EA15A1A04B289697" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">
<taxonomicName id="0769CCC051BEC2CE88AB1E45E41AE3E0" LSID="https://zoobank.org/47EFE4C7-7707-42F2-92BB-5A8BED73AEE2" authority="Azarkina &amp; Foord, 2023" authorityName="Azarkina &amp; Foord" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Festucula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Festucula botswana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="botswana" status="sp. nov.">Festucula botswana</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="869EE0110307C1E442B82A7A5B4140B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="C061446BA66891006E16AB2B549B1620" pageId="0" pageNumber="285" type="description">
<paragraph id="D6B32E904C2FCF089863FC017AA1F29A" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">
<figureCitation id="3B45407CD67C0B46F609FA74EECBE0AD" captionStart="Figures 13" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 3. Festucula botswana sp. nov., holotype 1 epigyne, ventral view 2 vulva, dorsal view 3 diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.110365.figures1-3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/945795" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">Figs 1-3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="723F9DD518AED6CC754AC49D267DB4E3" captionStart="Figures 47" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 4 - 7. Festucula botswana sp. nov., holotype 4 habitus, dorsal view 5 same, ventral view 6 same, lateral view 7 same, latero-frontal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.110365.figures4-7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/945796" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">, 4-7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="764BCC69AE4036C54D42952AF41CBAAF" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 29. New data of distribution of four Festucula species in Africa." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.110365.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/945801" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">, 29</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="8CAEF3AD02511FE4DD4793F1200A8BBE" captionStart="Figures 3047" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 30 - 47. Festucula spp., females 30, 31 F. australis (from Azarkina and Foord 2014) 32, 33 F. monticola 34, 35 F. vermiformis (from Proszynski 1987) 36, 37 F. botswana sp. nov. 38, 39 F. festuculaeformis (from Azarkina and Foord 2014) 40, 41 F. haddadi (from Azarkina and Foord 2014) 42, 43 F. lawrencei 44, 45 F. leroyae (from Azarkina and Foord 2014) 46, 47 F. robustus (from Azarkina and Foord 2014): 30, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 42, 44, 46 epigyne, ventral view 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45, 47 vulva, dorsal view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.110365.figures30-47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/945802" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">, 30</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B25CA0971E8DA121BB9AB5A425A0680D" pageId="0" pageNumber="285" type="type material">
<paragraph id="C6CA79760E44CCDF45902D56A4ADF250" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="58BCD3BBA9BA13A8589A53C8577FFEFA" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis id="0FE3A326DDD52EF0CA23488A81B4C218" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">Holotype</emphasis>
: Botswana • ♀; Okavango swamps, c. -19.42, 22.97, on water surface, near plants, 28.VI.1979, A. Morley, B. Taylor leg.; NCA 83/496.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3167AFC0AA909A19F4C3C0200C0A9856" pageId="0" pageNumber="285" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="0EA335F83231D3CF504F1FA60037CB31" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="978D107BB8FE73E7E720F6CE0FDC8BCC" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">
The epigyne of
<taxonomicName id="9F43E9B9B7F4ECF095CDE8BB26761EF9" authorityName="Azarkina &amp; Foord" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Festucula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Festucula botswana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="botswana">
<emphasis id="A3B5DEE9EDCAEA9DDD8E9AF628EC2915" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">Festucula botswana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="659CC7D87D4A94C497C6AAEC5BD64AA2" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. festuculaeformis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="285" rank="species" species="festuculaeformis">
<emphasis id="89D59D78EDD16FE8AC80DDA3E5FA6149" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">F. festuculaeformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Lessert, 1925) and
<taxonomicName id="C5DF37A8554DC96A23B099D65CDA19B5" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="F. haddadi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="285" rank="species" species="haddadi">
<emphasis id="EDB0E304DDDA296AEE7655F1E4914D36" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">F. haddadi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Azarkina &amp; Foord, 2014, but differs from them in having longer and thinner accessory
<normalizedToken id="647652EC05A60D245E77C4D2D70FF466" originalValue="glands">glands'</normalizedToken>
copulatory ducts (shorter in former species, cf. Fig.
<figureCitation id="CCAD9796FCE97F8B6B6C0A4115133BF6" captionStart="Figures 13" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 3. Festucula botswana sp. nov., holotype 1 epigyne, ventral view 2 vulva, dorsal view 3 diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.110365.figures1-3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/945795" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">2</figureCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="2A73357C8E30006A756F3279FA108D57" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5733/afin.055.0201" author="Azarkina, GN" journalOrPublisher="African Invertebrates" pageId="0" pageNumber="285" pagination="351 - 375" refId="B1" refString="Azarkina, GN, Foord, SH, 2014. A revision of the Afrotropical species of Festucula Simon, 1901 (Araneae: Salticidae). African Invertebrates 55 (2): 351 - 375, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5733/afin.055.0201" title="A revision of the Afrotropical species of Festucula Simon, 1901 (Araneae: Salticidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.5733/afin.055.0201" volume="55" year="2014">Azarkina and Foord 2014</bibRefCitation>
: figs 52, 68).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1E1839BE0D0150BC6D370336CB52159F" pageId="0" pageNumber="285" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="982F4D007269BB185F8753AFBBB6852F" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B76E6291CAFC7192D763DD62BBDE9740" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">This species is named after the country of the type locality.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A28830D366C2407F02BADCBA912A7A83" pageId="0" pageNumber="285" type="description">
<paragraph id="0D7564046BB5F3C1DF8AEB7D7EB171E4" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="535FF3FF172F004A99B61E39F0B460EB" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis id="5E67B0DF64EFC0D5560B8D556945483F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">Female.</emphasis>
Total length 6.40. Carapace 2.05 long, 1.25 width. Abdomen 4.30 long, 1.10 width. Ocular area 0.85 long, 1.00 wide anteriorly, 1.10 wide posteriorly. Cheliceral length 0.65. Clypeal height 0.05. Hight at PLE 0.50. Diameter of AME 0.35. Length of leg segments: I 1.10 + 0.75 + 1.10 + 0.70 + 0.40 (4.05). II 0.85 + 0.50 + 0.55 + 0.50 + 0.35 (2.75). III. 0.75 + 0.30 + 0.50 + 0.55 + 0.40 (2.50). IV 1.25 + 0.50 + 1.00 + 0.80 + 0.50 (4.05). Leg setation: I: Tbpr 1-1-1, Mt v 2-2 ap. II: Mt v 2-2 ap. Colouration (in alcohol, Figs
<figureCitation id="AEE8EDC4448EBA0B031339704338F029" captionStart="Figures 47" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 4 - 7. Festucula botswana sp. nov., holotype 4 habitus, dorsal view 5 same, ventral view 6 same, lateral view 7 same, latero-frontal view. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.110365.figures4-7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/945796" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">4-7</figureCitation>
). Carapace brown, with a broad light brown longitudinal band medially and pair of broad light brown bands marginally. Ocular area brown, with two dark-brown patches in the middle, with black patches around eyes. Sternum yellow. Labium and endites yellow, pale apically. Chelicerae brown-yellow. Clypeus and cheeks brown-yellow, covered with white setae. Carapace stridulatory organs with 7 seta-bearing tubercles. Abdomen light brown, with one broad whitish-yellow longitudinal band medially and two whitish-yellow longitudinal bands laterally. Venter brownish-grey, covered with white short setae. Spinnerets brownish-yellow. Book-lung covers yellow. All legs yellow. Legs I long and robust, yellow-brown. Femora I dark-brown prolatero-apically; patellae I dark-brown prolaterally. Metatarsi and tarsi I brown. Palps yellow. Epigyne and vulva as in Figs
<figureCitation id="B4032C010094E7956CB7AA39BE8E203F" captionStart="Figures 13" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 3. Festucula botswana sp. nov., holotype 1 epigyne, ventral view 2 vulva, dorsal view 3 diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.110365.figures1-3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/945795" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">1-3</figureCitation>
: wider than long in about 1.5 times. Copulatory openings located almost in a middle part, small and roundish. Fertilization ducts visible through integument. Copulatory ducts long, connected to long and club-shaped accessory glands pointed laterally. Spermathecae long and sub-vertical, with fertilization ducts located on apical part.
</paragraph>
<caption id="CF68181C795940F8BF7CDF1C1A9D916B" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.110365.figures1-3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/945795" pageId="0" pageNumber="285" start="Figures 13" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="4F81CC7CFC7B08C8BBDFBDEE2FE1CC7B" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis id="DFCB636CA2FE2496D8B23D6973F4B248" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">Figures 1-3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8C02D88E0F25874BA643CACD97CF221D" authorityName="Azarkina &amp; Foord" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Festucula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Festucula botswana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="botswana">
<emphasis id="F7ABACE6C1BC79AA281BB5684AE88D15" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">Festucula botswana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., holotype
<emphasis id="3BF2E5B5BD3AFF74E26278162721B83C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">1</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral view
<emphasis id="E456AD494B720B437F2631C0A9792921" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">2</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal view
<emphasis id="621F313690FB62531C34E0ED845D02D6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">3</emphasis>
diagrammatic course of the insemination ducts. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="8A0BF4E93C6FF32880B85EA8517A235D" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.110365.figures4-7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/945796" pageId="0" pageNumber="285" start="Figures 47" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="A70175D2E695E254FEF7EF8428172ABD" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">
<emphasis id="684CB9AF2ABF3AD7FE45C023AE04B586" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">Figures 4-7.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A547A78FB61B5793E82F548037786C39" authorityName="Azarkina &amp; Foord" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Festucula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Festucula botswana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="botswana">
<emphasis id="4A7E6C34C40EDE603DE23E10BF6A7D3B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">Festucula botswana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., holotype
<emphasis id="DC5D23B3EA11E46F778A29D464B41ACB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">4</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal view
<emphasis id="8A9763D1C8451FDBD0B89F8ADAFD99AB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">5</emphasis>
same, ventral view
<emphasis id="2C4B5EC4D76D343076FD947E9C09D251" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">6</emphasis>
same, lateral view
<emphasis id="C106CB9989EF25D1511E8B24BEADFE77" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">7</emphasis>
same, latero-frontal view. Scale bars: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C6FF3F36CE93660C90A8440E1C989F51" pageId="0" pageNumber="285" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="06973FF753D6FF8CD99905E9337515D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="65DD42B7CB0AB62D1E9027DFD0BCE9AC" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">
Known only from type locality in Botswana (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C40CC4F4E69EEED7E0A0629457B8E4D2" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 29. New data of distribution of four Festucula species in Africa." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1185.110365.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/945801" pageId="0" pageNumber="285">29</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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