283 lines
34 KiB
XML
283 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="391391B4E4F046BE8FC63210ED053633" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5391440" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5391440" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630315127817" checkinUser="marcus" docAuthor="Monniot, Françoise & Monniot, Claude" docDate="2001" docId="F57D87A3FFFF311AEA51FBF6FBEC1083" docLanguage="en" docName="Zoosystema.2001.23.2.201-383.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 23 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:64A3174DE33E974D4EB6573A0A793B12.4:Zoosystema.2000-2008.journal_article.type2" docStyleId="64A3174DE33E974D4EB6573A0A793B12" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2000-2008.journal_article.type2" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Clavelina maculata Monniot & Monniot 2001, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="234" masterDocId="0944FFDBFFDF313BEB47FF93FFBE1602" masterDocTitle="Ascidians from the tropical western Pacific" masterLastPageNumber="383" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="233" updateTime="1699223418854" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:mods id="56ACDDE88EDC6370D69004E199CCB08A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="217302F4D9EA2E930C8DC71555B2CACB">
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<mods:title id="CA0666351DCD1B75AF52E217CBEC3F96">Ascidians from the tropical western Pacific</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="F46730692F59CBF47BF3C8D679B691FD" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="C8423A4127A4C8C11CD016920B0856E9">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6F893D52A78ABCBBC6E38840903418F3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="5957B63EAE6590E6AFFC489589EDBE2D">Monniot, Françoise</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="FE9FC10D7F1BC84238F134D3AD3F4149" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="5B5AA4D9A5B56104302AB09C0C8D99B3">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2C38784F6F14EEF4021F57634596C094">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="45FD44AD0B9698F6069C5A57700BDACD">Monniot, Claude</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="09175134249B21F35AF0A1CBCB4CB257">UPESA 8044, Laboratoire de Biologie des Invertébrés marins et Malacologie, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, 55 rue Buffon, F- 75005 Paris (France) monniot @ mnhn. fr.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="091CCD3AE4572BB0E25BD96D9541D3A1" type="email">monniot@mnhn.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="7D2BE3584E5C705C175066F5076CD5DE">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem id="F3695C5B4EB7C5B65171EAFA32B48F4F" type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo id="0F1F5CF314A75B3D0553541E557F3900">
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<mods:title id="CE21754A2536CABE4C6BBCD65305CF87">Zoosystema</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="EF832DFA113F4124B4C1445A261B50BC">
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<mods:date id="9ADC7A18E1A73B75F135D3A084C8D078">2001</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="547EFA3D1BDF1252848147646D59C0C8" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A06FC8BEB7E8D466EA48C89100E03432">23</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="731A9B958072BE9B12CE34ADE24252F5" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="B3E1649B1CD6F7073F3158054C41B65A">2</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="A3283D0C73FE0DDE6D4463B3342EDF83" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="EA74558A2E762DE68B6179DB1A2B8951">201</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="7AB1D80EDD47D42B9DC462989B20274F">383</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:classification id="21C62572B24D5D02D85E7C8A73DE7DB6">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="EDFE9C9BC622B28A7123C3FC6807E0F1" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.5391440</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0AFE25579EEBEF40983E5C036AB75550" type="ISSN">1638-9387</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C1350D800A7DD55F94B85D237A0379B1" type="Zenodo-Dep">5391440</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="F57D87A3FFFF311AEA51FBF6FBEC1083" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F57D87A3FFFF311AEA51FBF6FBEC1083" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F57D87A3FFFF311AEA51FBF6FBEC1083" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="234" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">
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<subSubSection id="35CE653EFFFF311BEA51FBF6FD93127C" box="[278,557,1124,1151]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFF311BEA51FBF6FD93127C" blockId="32.[278,557,1124,1182]" box="[278,557,1124,1151]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">
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<heading id="262381D9FFFF311BEA51FBF6FD93127C" box="[278,557,1124,1151]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="BAD44D36FFFF311BEA51FBF6FE55127D" ID-CoL="VV7X" authority="Monniot & Monniot, 2001" authorityName="Monniot & Monniot" authorityYear="2001" box="[278,491,1125,1151]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Clavelinidae" genus="Clavelina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculata" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFF311BEA51FBF6FE55127D" bold="true" box="[278,491,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">Clavelina maculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="549357DCFFFF311BEAB5FBF7FD93127C" box="[498,557,1124,1150]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="35CE653EFFFF311BEA0AFB17FE48129C" box="[333,502,1156,1182]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" type="description">
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<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFF311BEA0AFB17FE48129C" blockId="32.[278,557,1124,1182]" box="[333,502,1156,1182]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">
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(
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<figureCitation id="E5EF2A30FFFF311BEA13FB17FE19129C" box="[340,423,1156,1182]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[203,214,1042,1059]" captionTargetBox="[153,1248,166,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-263@32.[135,1268,134,1067]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 25. — Clavelina maculata n. sp.; A, B, both sides of a zooid; C, thorax; D, larva. Scale bars: A-C, 2 mm; D, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5391489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5391489/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">Figs 25</figureCitation>
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; 115E)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="35CE653EFFFF311BEBD0FB2FFE41130A" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFF311BEBD0FB2FFE41130A" blockId="32.[151,684,1212,1328]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">
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<collectionCode id="1BC5AE70FFFF311BEBD0FB2FFE9012D0" box="[151,302,1212,1235]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">
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<typeStatus id="A26F8817FFFF311BEBD0FB2FFF7712D3" box="[151,201,1212,1235]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">TYPE</typeStatus>
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MATERIAL
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</collectionCode>
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. —
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<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFF311BEA18FB2EFE6612D7" bold="true" box="[351,472,1213,1237]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">
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<collectingCountry id="05C37625FFFF311BEA18FB2EFE6A12D7" box="[351,468,1213,1237]" name="Philippines" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingRegion id="BF10F857FFFF311BEAA7FB2EFDA512D7" box="[480,539,1213,1237]" country="Philippines" name="Bohol" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">Bohol</collectingRegion>
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Sea, Balicasag Island SW of
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<collectingRegion id="BF10F857FFFF311BEA71FB45FEC312EC" box="[310,381,1238,1262]" country="Philippines" name="Bohol" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">Bohol</collectingRegion>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="18E05072FFFF311BEACCFB45FDB812EC" box="[395,518,1238,1262]" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="31.23" orientation="latitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" precision="9" value="9.5205">9°31.23’N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="18E05072FFFF311BE953FB45FD1912EC" box="[532,679,1238,1262]" degrees="123" direction="east" minutes="40.98" orientation="longitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" precision="9" value="123.683">123°40.98’E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="096A1075FFFF311BEBD0FB63FEB7130A" box="[151,265,1264,1288]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" value="1997-04-22">22.IV.1997</date>
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(
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<collectionCode id="1BC5AE70FFFF311BEA50FB63FED5130A" box="[279,363,1264,1288]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">MNHN</collectionCode>
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A3
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<collectionCode id="1BC5AE70FFFF311BEAD3FB63FE7D130A" box="[404,451,1264,1288]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14416" name="Universitatea de Stiinte Agricole si Medicina Veterinara" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" type="Herbarium">CLA</collectionCode>
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114).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="35CE653EFFFF311BEBD0FA84FD2D1332" box="[151,659,1303,1328]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFF311BEBD0FA84FD2D1332" blockId="32.[151,684,1212,1328]" box="[151,659,1303,1328]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">
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ETYMOLOGY. — From the Latin
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<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFF311BEA9EFA8BFD861332" box="[473,568,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">maculatus</emphasis>
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: spotted.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="35CE653EFFFF311AEBD0FAF4FE4A13C0" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="234" pageId="32" pageNumber="233" type="description">
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<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFF311BEBD0FAF4FE96137D" blockId="32.[151,684,1383,1666]" box="[151,296,1383,1409]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFF311BEBD0FA1BFB181340" blockId="32.[151,684,1383,1666]" lastBlockId="32.[714,1247,1127,1666]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">
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The sample is a group in which large zooids are isolated down to their base (Fig. 115E). Each zooid produces long, ramified stolons interlaced with those of nearby individuals. This bush of zooids does not contain developing buds, so it is difficult to decide if it is a colony or a group of solitary individuals. The tunic is soft on the thorax and more resistant on the abdomen, which is frequently covered by epibionts. In a relaxed animal, the thorax and abdomen are of equal length (
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<figureCitation id="E5EF2A30FFFF311BE995FB3BFCE012C3" box="[722,862,1191,1218]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[203,214,1042,1059]" captionTargetBox="[153,1248,166,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-263@32.[135,1268,134,1067]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 25. — Clavelina maculata n. sp.; A, B, both sides of a zooid; C, thorax; D, larva. Scale bars: A-C, 2 mm; D, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5391489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5391489/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">Fig. 25A, B</figureCitation>
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). In living specimens the tunic is opaque white with dark blue spots distributed without particular order (Fig. 115E). The terminal oral siphon has two latero-dorsal white triangles. The cloacal siphon is slightly posterior.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFF311BE98DFADBFC4513E0" blockId="32.[714,1247,1127,1666]" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">The internal surface of the siphons and the transverse vessels are black. When preserved in formalin, the tunic becomes transparent and the body takes on a reddish colour, making the examination of the muscles difficult.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFF311AE98DFA7BFE9C17E0" blockId="32.[714,1247,1127,1666]" lastBlockId="33.[151,685,167,1474]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="234" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">
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The thoracic musculature (
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<figureCitation id="E5EF2A30FFFF311BE8BDFA7BFBDF1000" box="[1018,1121,1512,1538]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[203,214,1042,1059]" captionTargetBox="[153,1248,166,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-263@32.[135,1268,134,1067]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 25. — Clavelina maculata n. sp.; A, B, both sides of a zooid; C, thorax; D, larva. Scale bars: A-C, 2 mm; D, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5391489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5391489/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="233">Fig. 25C</figureCitation>
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) comprises bundles issuing from both siphons and about 10 bundles coming from the ventral zone. On the lateral and dorsal sides of the body, these fibres are thin and rarely anastomosed. Left and right musculatures join in the postero-dorsal part of the thorax. Ventrally the bundles are much stronger, ramifying and anastomosing before fusing with the muscles alongside the endostyle. As the musculature is stronger ventrally, the contraction of the body displaces the cloacal siphon to an apical position and the oral siphon laterally (
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<figureCitation id="E5EF2A30FFFE311AEBD8FE1BFEB417A0" box="[159,266,392,418]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[203,214,1042,1059]" captionTargetBox="[153,1248,166,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-263@32.[135,1268,134,1067]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 25. — Clavelina maculata n. sp.; A, B, both sides of a zooid; C, thorax; D, larva. Scale bars: A-C, 2 mm; D, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5391489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5391489/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">Fig. 25C</figureCitation>
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). On the abdomen, the musculature becomes more delicate and almost invisible below the stomach.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFE311AEBD0FE7BFDDF14C0" blockId="33.[151,685,167,1474]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">There are a dozen oral tentacles, all large, planted on the posterior side of a high crest and linked to it by ribs. The prepharyngeal band has two high parallel crests; it is not indented dorsally. The dorsal tubercle opens as a simple hole. The dorsal lamina has long languets on the transverse vessels. The branchial sac has 19 rows of stigmata.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFE311AEBD0FD5BFE1D1220" blockId="33.[151,685,167,1474]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">
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The oesophagus is short in these contracted specimens but probably longer in life. We have not seen a dilation of the oesophagus anterior to the stomach, but its absence may be due to the contracted state of the body. The stomach has the shape of a saddle, its concave side applied to the dilated intestine. A conspicuous typhlosole separates two glandular areas with lateral crests (
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<figureCitation id="E5EF2A30FFFE311AEBD8FC5BFEB515E0" box="[159,267,968,994]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[203,214,1042,1059]" captionTargetBox="[153,1248,166,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-263@32.[135,1268,134,1067]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 25. — Clavelina maculata n. sp.; A, B, both sides of a zooid; C, thorax; D, larva. Scale bars: A-C, 2 mm; D, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5391489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5391489/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">Fig. 25A</figureCitation>
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). The intestine is not differentiated into regions. The anus opens at the base of the cloacal cavity (
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<figureCitation id="E5EF2A30FFFE311AEA73FB9BFE281220" box="[308,406,1032,1058]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[203,214,1042,1059]" captionTargetBox="[153,1248,166,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-263@32.[135,1268,134,1067]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 25. — Clavelina maculata n. sp.; A, B, both sides of a zooid; C, thorax; D, larva. Scale bars: A-C, 2 mm; D, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5391489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5391489/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">Fig. 25B</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFE311AEBD0FBBBFF471300" blockId="33.[151,685,167,1474]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">
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The diffuse ovary is on the left side of the gut loop. The testis lobes, which lie on the intestine posteriorly to the stomach, are not well-developed in these specimens (
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<figureCitation id="E5EF2A30FFFE311AEA81FB1BFD9112A0" box="[454,559,1160,1186]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[203,214,1042,1059]" captionTargetBox="[153,1248,166,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-263@32.[135,1268,134,1067]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 25. — Clavelina maculata n. sp.; A, B, both sides of a zooid; C, thorax; D, larva. Scale bars: A-C, 2 mm; D, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5391489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5391489/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">Fig. 25B</figureCitation>
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). An enormous heart with an obvious internal membrane dilates all the right side of the abdomen below the stomach.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFE311AEBD0FA9BFE4A13C0" blockId="33.[151,685,167,1474]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">
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The larvae are incubated inside a dilated oviduct in the posterior part of the left cloacal cavity, and they develop further in the cloacal cavity. The fully developed larvae become blackish and reach
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<quantity id="BA2C9B50FFFE311AEBD0FA1BFF4A13A3" box="[151,244,1415,1442]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
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in length. They have three adhesive papillae in a triangle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E5EF2A30FFFE311AEAC7FA3BFE5613C0" box="[384,488,1448,1474]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[203,214,1042,1059]" captionTargetBox="[153,1248,166,1009]" captionTargetId="figure-263@32.[135,1268,134,1067]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 25. — Clavelina maculata n. sp.; A, B, both sides of a zooid; C, thorax; D, larva. Scale bars: A-C, 2 mm; D, 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5391489" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5391489/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">Fig. 25D</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="35CE653EFFFE311AEBD0FA74FB0B14C0" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFE311AEBD0FA74FF4513FD" blockId="33.[151,684,1511,1666]" box="[151,251,1511,1537]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">REMARKS</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFE311AEBD0F994FB0B14C0" blockId="33.[151,684,1511,1666]" lastBlockId="33.[714,1247,167,706]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">
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By its morphology
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<taxonomicName id="BAD44D36FFFE311AEA2AF994FE511020" authority="Monniot & Monniot, 2001" authorityName="Monniot & Monniot" authorityYear="2001" box="[365,495,1543,1570]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Clavelinidae" genus="Clavelina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculata" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFE311AEA2AF994FE511020" box="[365,495,1543,1570]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">C. maculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="549357DCFFFE311AEABEF994FD881023" box="[505,566,1543,1569]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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is close to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAD44D36FFFE311AEBD0F9B4FD901040" authority="(Herdman, 1891)" baseAuthorityName="Herdman" baseAuthorityYear="1891" box="[151,558,1575,1602]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Clavelinidae" genus="Clavelina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meridionalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFE311AEBD0F9B4FEF21040" box="[151,332,1575,1602]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">C. meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="19454B44FFFE311AEA19F9BBFD981040" author="HERDMAN W. A." box="[350,550,1576,1602]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" pagination="558 - 652" refId="ref85369" refString="HERDMAN W. A. 1891. - A revised classification of the Tunicata with definitions of the orders, suborders, families, subfamilies and genera, and analytical keys to the species. Journal of the Linnean Society, Zoology, London 23: 558 - 652." type="journal article" year="1891">Herdman, 1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a solitary species. Both species have these traits in common: a pigmentation concentrated in the tunic and making it opaque, a darkly coloured body wall and branchial vessels that become reddish in formalin, and the disposition of the thoracic musculature and its progressive disappearance posterior to the stomach. But in the solitary species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAD44D36FFFE311AE98DFEDBFC901760" authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1816" box="[714,814,328,354]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Clavelinidae" genus="Clavelina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFE311AE98DFEDBFC901760" box="[714,814,328,354]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">Clavelina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the bottom of the gut loop reaches to the stolons at the base of the tunic, while in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAD44D36FFFE311AE98DFE14FCF417A0" authority="Monniot & Monniot, 2001" authorityName="Monniot & Monniot" authorityYear="2001" box="[714,842,391,418]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Clavelinidae" genus="Clavelina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFE311AE98DFE14FCF417A0" box="[714,842,391,418]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">C. maculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="549357DCFFFE311AE817FE14FC3517A3" box="[848,907,391,417]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
there is still an erect part of the tunic under the abdomen containing a long vascular process.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAD44D36FFFE311AE82CFE54FC4F17E0" authority="Monniot & Monniot, 2001" authorityName="Monniot & Monniot" authorityYear="2001" box="[875,1009,455,482]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Clavelinidae" genus="Clavelina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFE311AE82CFE54FC4F17E0" box="[875,1009,455,482]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">C. maculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="549357DCFFFE311AE8BDFE54FB8717E3" box="[1018,1081,455,481]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
does not have the basal thickening of hard tunic which, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAD44D36FFFE311AE98DFD94FCAA1440" authority="(Monniot F. & Monniot C. 1996)" baseAuthorityName="Monniot F. & Monniot C." baseAuthorityYear="1996" class="Ascidiacea" family="Clavelinidae" genus="Clavelina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meridionalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFE311AE98DFD94FC3E1420" box="[714,896,519,546]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">C. meridionalis</emphasis>
|
||
(Monniot F. & Monniot C. 1996)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, represents the trace of the successive regenerations of the solitary zooid. The dense stolonial network, probably related to the large size of the heart, is far different from the short root-like vascular processes of solitary species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="35CE653EFFFE311AE84CFD76FB611595" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFE311AE84CFD76FB8D151C" blockId="33.[779,1182,741,798]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAD44D36FFFE311AE84CFD76FB2014FD" ID-CoL="VV85" authority="(Sluiter, 1904)" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[779,1182,741,767]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Clavelinidae" genus="Clavelina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moluccensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFE311AE84CFD76FC4614FD" bold="true" box="[779,1016,741,767]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">Clavelina moluccensis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="19454B44FFFE311AEF41FD76FB2814FD" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[1030,1174,741,767]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref88737" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1904. - Die Tunicaten der Siboga- Expedition. Part I: Die socialen und holosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition 56 (A): 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1904">Sluiter, 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="E5EF2A30FFFE311AE83AFC97FC58151C" box="[893,998,772,798]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[151,162,1373,1390]" captionTargetBox="[150,1248,166,1336]" captionTargetId="figure-121@31.[115,1258,146,1362]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 24. — Clavelina fecunda (Sluiter, 1904); A, zooid; B, abdomen; C, larva; D, Clavelina moluccensis (Sluiter, 1904), zooid. Scale bars: A, C, 0.5 mm; B, D, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5391487" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5391487/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">Figs 24D</figureCitation>
|
||
; 115F)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFE311AE98DFCAEFC8F156C" blockId="33.[714,1279,828,1187]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="5DC4119BFFFE311AE98DFCAEFC8F156C" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="FC7510A4FFFE311AE98DFCAEFBF11557" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[714,1103,829,853]" page="5" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" year="1904">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAD44D36FFFE311AE98DFCAEFBF11557" ID-CoL="4KQFT" authority="Sluiter, 1904: 5" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityPageNumber="5" authorityYear="1904" box="[714,1103,829,853]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Clavelinidae" genus="Podoclavella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moluccensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFE311AE98DFCAEFC101557" box="[714,942,829,853]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">Podoclavella moluccensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="19454B44FFFE311AE8F3FCAEFBF11557" author="SLUITER C. P." box="[948,1103,829,853]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref88737" refString="SLUITER C. P. 1904. - Die Tunicaten der Siboga- Expedition. Part I: Die socialen und holosomen Ascidien. Siboga Expedition 56 (A): 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1904">Sluiter, 1904: 5</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="A26F8817FFFE311AEF1EFCAFFB321556" box="[1113,1164,828,852]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="05C37625FFFE311AE98DFCC5FC93156C" box="[714,813,854,878]" name="Indonesia" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFE311AE98DFCECFB611595" blockId="33.[714,1279,828,1187]" box="[714,1247,894,919]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">
|
||
Synonymy and distribution: see
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BAD44D36FFFE311AEF57FCECFB611595" ID-CoL="VV85" baseAuthorityName="Sluiter" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[1040,1247,895,919]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Clavelinidae" genus="Clavelina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="moluccensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFE311AEF57FCECFB611595" box="[1040,1247,895,919]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">Clavelina moluccensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="35CE653EFFFE311AE98DFC04FBA415AC" box="[714,1050,919,944]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFE311AE98DFC04FBA415AC" blockId="33.[714,1279,828,1187]" box="[714,1050,919,944]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">– Monniot C. 1997a: 208, fig. 7e.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="35CE653EFFFE311AE98DFC53FBEC1083" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFE311AE98DFC53FB6115F0" blockId="33.[714,1279,828,1187]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">
|
||
<collectionCode id="1BC5AE70FFFE311AE98DFC53FC2415D4" box="[714,922,960,983]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">MATERIAL EXAMINED</collectionCode>
|
||
. —
|
||
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFE311AE88CFC2CFB2515DB" bold="true" box="[971,1179,959,985]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="05C37625FFFE311AE88CFC2CFB2915DB" box="[971,1175,959,985]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="BF10F857FFFE311AEFE4FC52FCF215F0" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Milne Bay" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">Milne Bay Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
, China Straits,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="18E05072FFFE311AE8A5FC49FBEC15F0" box="[994,1106,986,1010]" degrees="10" direction="south" minutes="34.50" orientation="latitude" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" precision="9" value="-10.575">10°34.50’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="18E05072FFFE311AEF1BFC49FB6515F0" box="[1116,1243,986,1010]" degrees="150" direction="east" minutes="40.73" orientation="longitude" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" precision="9" value="150.67883">150°40.73’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFE311AE98DFC60FBAB1209" blockId="33.[714,1279,828,1187]" box="[714,1045,1010,1035]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">
|
||
<quantity id="BA2C9B50FFFE311AE98DFC60FD4D120B" box="[714,755,1010,1035]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" unit="m" value="9.0">9 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="096A1075FFFE311AE9BAFC60FCDD1209" box="[765,867,1011,1035]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" value="1998-06-09">
|
||
9.
|
||
<collectionCode id="1BC5AE70FFFE311AE84AFC60FC941209" box="[781,810,1011,1035]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
.1998
|
||
</date>
|
||
(Sample:
|
||
<collectionCode id="1BC5AE70FFFE311AE881FC60FBB41209" box="[966,1034,1011,1035]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">CRRF</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFE311AE98DFB9EFCE91255" blockId="33.[714,1279,828,1187]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFE311AE98DFB9EFCFC1227" bold="true" box="[714,834,1037,1061]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="05C37625FFFE311AE98DFB9EFC801227" box="[714,830,1037,1061]" name="Philippines" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion id="BF10F857FFFE311AE80FFB9EFC3D1227" box="[840,899,1037,1061]" country="Philippines" name="Bohol" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">Bohol</collectingRegion>
|
||
Sea, Balicasag Island SW of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="BF10F857FFFE311AEFDAFB9EFB651227" box="[1181,1243,1037,1061]" country="Philippines" name="Bohol" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">Bohol</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="18E05072FFFE311AE98DFBB5FC88123C" box="[714,822,1062,1086]" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="31.02" orientation="latitude" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" precision="9" value="9.517">9°31.02’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="18E05072FFFE311AE805FBB5FC7D123C" box="[834,963,1062,1086]" degrees="123" direction="east" minutes="40.83" orientation="longitude" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" precision="9" value="123.6805">123°40.83’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="BA2C9B50FFFE311AE888FBB5FC44123E" box="[975,1018,1061,1086]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="096A1075FFFE311AEF40FBB5FBC5123C" box="[1031,1147,1062,1086]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" value="1997-04-15">15.IV.1997</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="1BC5AE70FFFE311AEFCDFBB5FB61123C" box="[1162,1247,1062,1086]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
A3
|
||
<collectionCode id="1BC5AE70FFFE311AE9AAFBACFCA21255" box="[749,796,1087,1111]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14416" name="Universitatea de Stiinte Agricole si Medicina Veterinara" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" type="Herbarium">CLA</collectionCode>
|
||
107).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFE311AE98DFBCAFC8B12A1" blockId="33.[714,1279,828,1187]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FA0EAA7FFFE311AE98DFBCAFCCB126D" bold="true" box="[714,885,1111,1137]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="05C37625FFFE311AE98DFBCAFCCE126D" box="[714,880,1111,1137]" name="Northern Mariana Islands" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">Mariana Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Guam, Apra Harbour, Jade Shoals,
|
||
<quantity id="BA2C9B50FFFE311AE98DFBE1FC93128A" box="[714,813,1137,1162]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" unit="m" value="12.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="6.0">6-18 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="096A1075FFFE311AE80FFBE1FC7F1288" box="[840,961,1138,1162]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" value="1997-06-05">
|
||
5.
|
||
<collectionCode id="1BC5AE70FFFE311AE81DFBE1FCC31288" box="[858,893,1138,1162]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">VI</collectionCode>
|
||
.1997
|
||
</date>
|
||
, coll. Paulay(
|
||
<collectionCode id="1BC5AE70FFFE311AEF3CFBE1FB6A1288" box="[1147,1236,1138,1162]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
A3
|
||
<collectionCode id="1BC5AE70FFFE311AE98DFB18FD4712A1" box="[714,761,1163,1187]" country="Romania" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14416" name="Universitatea de Stiinte Agricole si Medicina Veterinara" pageId="33" pageNumber="234" type="Herbarium">CLA</collectionCode>
|
||
121).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFE311AE98DFB54FC9012DD" blockId="33.[714,1247,1223,1666]" box="[714,814,1223,1249]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">REMARKS</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFE311AE98DFB7BFC721020" blockId="33.[714,1247,1223,1666]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">Some specimens in this collection have the usual appearance of the species, with transparent zooids with three dark spots in a line perpendicular to the siphon axis (Fig. 115F). In another colony the colour is more opaque and intensifies in older zooids, in which, as well, the three characteristic spots, present in young specimens disappear. In colonies with zooids of both colours, many zooids show dilations of some branchial vessels to produce clear ampullae.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7D6B36B5FFFE311AE98DF9BBFBEC1083" blockId="33.[714,1247,1223,1666]" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">
|
||
This species is well-characterised by its musculature (
|
||
<figureCitation id="E5EF2A30FFFE311AE842F9DBFCD41060" box="[773,874,1608,1634]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="31.[151,162,1373,1390]" captionTargetBox="[150,1248,166,1336]" captionTargetId="figure-121@31.[115,1258,146,1362]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIG. 24. — Clavelina fecunda (Sluiter, 1904); A, zooid; B, abdomen; C, larva; D, Clavelina moluccensis (Sluiter, 1904), zooid. Scale bars: A, C, 0.5 mm; B, D, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5391487" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5391487/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="234">Fig. 24D</figureCitation>
|
||
) and the position of the anus well anterior to the oesophagus entrance.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |