213 lines
25 KiB
XML
213 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="3A5E695E4AE6CD7AB6B61C0E7CDBA0BF" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3661.1.1" ID-ISSN="11755334" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10097937" ID-ZooBank="448C4455-5A22-4C99-AA04-6FAF6DAFB879" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629859198406" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="BEUKEMA, WOUTER, DE POUS, PHILIP, DONAIRE-BARROSO, DAVID, BOGAERTS, SERGÉ, GARCIA-PORTA, JOAN, ESCORIZA, DANIEL, ARRIBAS, OSCAR J., MOUDEN, EL HASSAN EL & CARRANZA, SALVADOR" docDate="2013" docId="B64F87EA2042FFC3FF202AF65E7FB98E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03661p060.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3661 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3661.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleId="C4791ACFF01C5C140D2C1A203DB3C9B0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Salamandra algira subsp. spelaea Escoriza and Comas 2007" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="4A76FF922054FFD5FFB728425B6BBE1C" masterDocTitle="3661" masterLastPageNumber="60" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1699588517814" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
||
<mods:mods id="EEC4940DA2DC1F813854BBE928C78EAA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="7290471490B4186E921312A22A17FAD0">
|
||
<mods:title id="C8D1D8E393DBADA3779A42EAB497F0A2">3661</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="82AAFD39205FE3266B910F2ACB92E246" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="E70180B0E636A33B56F35CF5879D7DC2">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="57547314AEF3F8883F5A46AE0EDDB71C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="59F470A128FBE96386AB1313B5E346B2">BEUKEMA, WOUTER</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="B831E37E07999E3848CDE7AE93B2BA5A" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="AD2E2814B76C10339E3EF069EF78BF10">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="38617815871A3891C4B103B0530F7838">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="450C61558C439C4E711A7FF0B96B90C9">DE POUS, PHILIP</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="7E1E56C5BD201B0BD8C03C60445631E3" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="54529B32AF3D1B685142EC462152319D">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="F27E5EA02C488A22C1A2414EC96D9C0D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="9A60685955E5A4C080D26E8B944E2FE5">DONAIRE-BARROSO, DAVID</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="2A60110D61EC33A0A8406B36AAEB871D" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="5B10A19910A3AA8F536C7959C2916B80">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="99726450DEB6A26DBF8501E0AD3E4620">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="4131D7E89D154166C089CCD0B86FAFFB">BOGAERTS, SERGÉ</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="60687C5788F872C68B7EF99607E1E965" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="1CA9A34736A4428467A8E0B095F064EC">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="474A86EEA1C44BEC72DF3527478AA1D7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="AD3DAB777E61EE214767518F8DE3497D">GARCIA-PORTA, JOAN</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="34F0383B75CFE449FBEC998B6463E200" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="EAFA87815325F2AAA8803E1915797035">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="B49AA48C430E950655C7800A154711C9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="7D43D11432FBFDF5FDA5C1716D62EFE7">ESCORIZA, DANIEL</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="5AB774870C2142180F1F5404A901E9E9" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="518108B1FEBE3D60B944F799ED6FFEE1">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="19BFB09B527D9BBD1B47694BEE8ECC06">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="828027B9391171F25A2E38F7BBB96D47">ARRIBAS, OSCAR J.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="D846A0D6F057FE7086AF580AF567AC94" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="0160FD3C19887D62302579E7D848B3A9">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="D9207E068B5B76537BBF6B48AECB635E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="B138B2AD0D1F8D1E9945FB6CA6410AC8">MOUDEN, EL HASSAN EL</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="C6B4F12D5920AB07791BEEFBB90F77C2" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="E65A155E7CF24839B95EB9E65B9A418D">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="72719E502E63B8FCDA456AAFDDF0BDAE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="7A3381D7F43BA55DEC2446E7004B463D">CARRANZA, SALVADOR</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="9965379112073D3413AA15C40CEE5841">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="E4DC8E02FE914DA17350FB1DE60D97D6" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="3EF7D5A8CCD3187E4309123CDAA6F72C">
|
||
<mods:title id="0D41CF1F576EB15F219DAD43C19314A9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="6ECB92A42F01AF1CF54C3B1DCE2F63BD">
|
||
<mods:date id="C0F958A043F433F703A95B35CE50DB23">2013</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="76C4A40A047FA9E442B6936E0581B2AB" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="04B9D0C33001138747BF7213A5B631CB">2013-05-22</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="EA2D713FF1047DD7A27FA2BFF9DCAF87" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="AE703813E776F19DE581A272B308AB74">3661</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="FF016350ACE23F2316D34C496D3156EB" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="FA01C0B104D221D4C6776DA66CA0FCA5">1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="16636B085B9784A2922EEDA3C995745D" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="09AB52766E0C236B7081D927BBC53732">1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="812A7A56F53060C5B727D2097BB2B8DF">60</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="830998E6F8A7EACF7331F4FA3BFF610A">
|
||
<mods:url id="D19D6E12FB61B4FF539447371141DF3A">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3661.1.1</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="B9C3B7FB8E1CE0151902223A3AF19B3B">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="4B50250CF36B6494381BE0DD2481B2FA" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3661.1.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="18D304C16979B7711D7A46B6A1B64E25" type="ISSN">11755334</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="4222C1745DC02BE94D1FB79C5DBE0F1B" type="Zenodo-Dep">10097937</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="BB825EC7474D8896692E5A9730C20FEA" type="ZooBank">448C4455-5A22-4C99-AA04-6FAF6DAFB879</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="B64F87EA2042FFC3FF202AF65E7FB98E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5462773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5462773" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B64F87EA2042FFC3FF202AF65E7FB98E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B64F87EA2042FFC3FF202AF65E7FB98E" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<subSubSection id="76FC65772042FFC3FF202AF65848BCD1" box="[151,803,691,718]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="3E5936FC2042FFC3FF202AF65848BCD1" blockId="22.[151,803,691,750]" box="[151,803,691,718]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<heading id="651181902042FFC3FF202AF65848BCD1" bold="true" box="[151,803,691,718]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F9E64D7F2042FFC3FF202AF65848BCD1" ID-CoL="5KZ2S" authority="Escoriza and Comas 2007" authorityName="Escoriza and Comas" authorityYear="2007" box="[151,803,691,718]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Salamandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="algira" subSpecies="spelaea">
|
||
<emphasis id="0C92EAEE2042FFC3FF202AF65848BCD1" bold="true" box="[151,803,691,718]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="0C92EAEE2042FFC3FF202AF65AB1BCD2" bold="true" box="[151,474,692,718]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Salamandra algira spelaea</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5A774B0D2042FFC3FE552AF15848BCD1" author="Escoriza and Comas" box="[482,803,691,717]" firstAuthor="Escoriza" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="77 - 90" refId="ref40424" refString="Escoriza, D. & Comas, M. M. (2007) Description of a new subspecies of Salamandra algira Bedriaga, 1883 (Amphibia: Salamandridae) from the Beni Snassen massif (Northeast Moroco). Salamandra, 43, 77 - 90." type="journal article" year="2007">Escoriza and Comas 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="76FC65772042FFC3FF202A945AA3B86E" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="3E5936FC2042FFC3FF202A945B9FBCF2" blockId="22.[151,803,691,750]" box="[151,244,726,750]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<figureCitation id="A6DD2A792042FFC3FF202A945B9BBCF2" box="[151,240,726,750]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="23.[151,250,1674,1697]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,185,1646]" captionTargetId="figure-131@23.[151,1436,185,1653]" captionTargetPageId="23" captionText="FIGURE 8. Members of the Salamandridae family native to Morocco. A: Salamandra algira spelaea Beni Snassen (DE). B-D: Salamandra algira tingitana; B: Jbel Musa (PdP); C: Tagramt (SB); D: Cudia Adru (DD). E-H: Salamandra algira splendens ssp. nov.; E: Bou Iblane (DD); F: Chefchaouen (DD) (holotype specimen); G: Bab Berret (DE); H: Ketama (DD). I-K: Pleurodeles waltl; I: Forêt de Mamora (WB); J: Casablanca (Gabriel Martínez del Mármol); K: Moulay Abdeslam (SB)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10097953" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10097953/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3E5936FC2042FFC3FF202B5D5B87BAFA" blockId="22.[151,1436,798,1938]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="0C92EAEE2042FFC3FF202B5D5AA5BD2B" bold="true" box="[151,462,798,823]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">Background information.</emphasis>
|
||
While Moroccan presence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F9E64D7F2042FFC3FC9B2B5C58E4BD2A" authorityName="Bedriaga" authorityYear="1883" box="[812,911,798,822]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Salamandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="algira">
|
||
<emphasis id="0C92EAEE2042FFC3FC9B2B5C58E4BD2A" box="[812,911,798,822]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">S. algira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
remained restricted to areas characterized by high rainfall west of the Moulouya Basin (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5A774B0D2042FFC3FDC82B005812BD46" author="Pasteur & Bons" box="[639,889,834,858]" firstAuthor="Pasteur" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref44195" refString="Pasteur, G. & Bons, J. (1959) Les Batraciens du Maroc. Travaux de l'Institut Scientifique Cherifien, Serie Zoologique, Rabat, 241 pp." type="book" year="1959">Pasteur & Bons 1959</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Melhaoui and Chavanon (1989) reported on a finding of a single individual on Jbel Ouartass, south of Berkane in the Beni Snassen Massif. Due to the karstic nature of this massif and presence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F9E64D7F2042FFC3FDF82BC959DFBDBF" authorityName="Bedriaga" authorityYear="1883" box="[591,692,907,931]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Salamandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="algira">
|
||
<emphasis id="0C92EAEE2042FFC3FDF82BC959DFBDBF" box="[591,692,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">S. algira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
across the Algerian border near
|
||
<collectingCountry id="46F1766C2042FFC3FB812BC85F19BDBE" box="[1078,1138,906,930]" name="Algeria" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Oran</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Melhaoui and Chavanon (1989) presumed populations of Beni Snassen to have gone unnoticed due to their nocturnal behaviour, while expecting them to be more widely dispersed across the massif. Subsequently, no additional sightings were recorded for nearly two decades, after which Escoriza
|
||
<emphasis id="0C92EAEE2042FFC3FCBC2BB5582EBA12" box="[779,837,1014,1038]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2006) rediscovered the presence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F9E64D7F2042FFC3FB472BB45E38BA12" authorityName="Bedriaga" authorityYear="1883" box="[1264,1363,1014,1038]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Salamandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="algira">
|
||
<emphasis id="0C92EAEE2042FFC3FB472BB45E38BA12" box="[1264,1363,1014,1038]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">S. algira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Beni Snassen Massif. A year later,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5A774B0D2042FFC3FD912C58580BBA2E" author="Escoriza and Comas" box="[550,864,1050,1074]" firstAuthor="Escoriza" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="77 - 90" refId="ref40424" refString="Escoriza, D. & Comas, M. M. (2007) Description of a new subspecies of Salamandra algira Bedriaga, 1883 (Amphibia: Salamandridae) from the Beni Snassen massif (Northeast Moroco). Salamandra, 43, 77 - 90." type="journal article" year="2007">Escoriza and Comas (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described this isolated population as
|
||
<emphasis id="0C92EAEE2042FFC3FABB2C595EF0BA2F" box="[1292,1435,1051,1075]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">S. a. spelaea</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="E15D885E2042FFC3FF282C7C5A62BA4A" box="[159,265,1086,1110]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: MNCN 2005-05550; type locality: "Ouartass, Beni Snassen massif, Northeast-Morocco (Locality 5, at approximately
|
||
<quantity id="F91E9B192042FFC3FEE92C205ADFBA66" box="[350,436,1122,1146]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="1300.0">1300 m</quantity>
|
||
above sea level)"). The presence of minor red discoloration on several parts of the head and body appears to be congruent with descriptions of individuals from Rhar el Maden located near Remchi, north-western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="46F1766C2042FFC3FEF72CE85AFEBADE" box="[320,405,1194,1218]" name="Algeria" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Algeria</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5A774B0D2042FFC3FE1F2CE8591CBADE" author="Doumergue" box="[424,631,1194,1218]" firstAuthor="Doumergue" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref39682" refString="Doumergue, F. (1901) Essai sur la faune erpetologique de l'Oranie: avec des tableaux analytiques et des notions pour la determination de tous les reptiles & batraciens du Maroc, de l'Algerie et de la Tunisie. L. Fouce, Oran, 461 pp." type="book" year="1901">Doumergue 1901</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which is situated less than
|
||
<quantity id="F91E9B192042FFC3FC662CE85F41BADE" box="[977,1066,1194,1218]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="km" value="100.0">100 km</quantity>
|
||
eastwards of the Beni Snassen Massif.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3E5936FC2042FFC3FF702CB15AA3B86E" blockId="22.[151,1436,798,1938]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="0C92EAEE2042FFC3FF702CB15AE1BB17" bold="true" box="[199,394,1266,1291]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
Within the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="FC22F81E2042FFC3FDA32CB05921BB16" box="[532,586,1266,1290]" country="Bolivia" name="Beni" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Beni</collectingRegion>
|
||
Snassen Massif,
|
||
<emphasis id="0C92EAEE2042FFC3FCA32CB158CCBB17" box="[788,935,1267,1291]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">S. a. spelaea</emphasis>
|
||
can be found from
|
||
<quantity id="F91E9B192042FFC3FB392CB05E4ABB16" box="[1166,1313,1266,1290]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="13.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="950.0" valueMax="1300.0" valueMin="600.0">600–1300 m</quantity>
|
||
, occurring in the direct vicinity of water bodies which are used for reproduction (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5A774B0D2042FFC3FC512D545E64BB32" author="Escoriza & Comas" box="[998,1295,1302,1326]" firstAuthor="Escoriza" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="77 - 90" refId="ref40424" refString="Escoriza, D. & Comas, M. M. (2007) Description of a new subspecies of Salamandra algira Bedriaga, 1883 (Amphibia: Salamandridae) from the Beni Snassen massif (Northeast Moroco). Salamandra, 43, 77 - 90." type="journal article" year="2007">Escoriza & Comas 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Generally, populations are located in mixed forests consisting of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F9E64D7F2042FFC3FC9A2D7958E6BB4F" box="[813,909,1339,1363]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0C92EAEE2042FFC3FC9A2D7958E6BB4F" box="[813,909,1339,1363]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Quercus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F9E64D7F2042FFC3FC162D795889BB4E" box="[929,994,1339,1362]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0C92EAEE2042FFC3FC162D795889BB4E" box="[929,994,1339,1362]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Pinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F9E64D7F2042FFC3FB932D795F30BB4F" authorityName="Agersborg" authorityYear="1923" box="[1060,1115,1339,1363]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oleaceae" genus="Olea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0C92EAEE2042FFC3FB932D795F30BB4F" box="[1060,1115,1339,1363]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Olea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
trees, characterized by an abundance of karstic limestone crevices and fissures (Escoriza
|
||
<emphasis id="0C92EAEE2042FFC3FCCF2D1D58DFBB6A" box="[888,948,1374,1398]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006). Due to the nature of the soil most water bodies used for reproduction are man-made, such as cattle watering troughs or springs, although small puddles and temporary streams are also used to deposit larvae. The onset of the activity period is initiated by the late autumn rains, and continues throughout the winter. Active individuals have been observed in November during humid or rainy weather, both in the late afternoon and night. During these observations, air temperature varied between 5.8 and 7 ºC while humidity ranges between 75–85% (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5A774B0D2042FFC3FC642E505F9CB836" author="Escoriza & Comas" box="[979,1271,1554,1578]" firstAuthor="Escoriza" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="77 - 90" refId="ref40424" refString="Escoriza, D. & Comas, M. M. (2007) Description of a new subspecies of Salamandra algira Bedriaga, 1883 (Amphibia: Salamandridae) from the Beni Snassen massif (Northeast Moroco). Salamandra, 43, 77 - 90." type="journal article" year="2007">Escoriza & Comas 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Larvae have been found in November and January, while fully metamorphosed juveniles were observed in mid-February (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5A774B0D2042FFC3FF292E185AD7B86E" author="Escoriza & Comas" box="[158,444,1626,1650]" firstAuthor="Escoriza" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="77 - 90" refId="ref40424" refString="Escoriza, D. & Comas, M. M. (2007) Description of a new subspecies of Salamandra algira Bedriaga, 1883 (Amphibia: Salamandridae) from the Beni Snassen massif (Northeast Moroco). Salamandra, 43, 77 - 90." type="journal article" year="2007">Escoriza & Comas 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="76FC65772042FFC3FF702E3C5E7FB98E" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="3E5936FC2042FFC3FF702E3C5887B8C2" blockId="22.[151,1436,798,1938]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="0C92EAEE2042FFC3FF702E3C5A0BB88B" bold="true" box="[199,352,1662,1687]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" reason="1">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
The distribution map (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A6DD2A792042FFC3FDD32E3C59D6B88A" box="[612,701,1662,1686]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="25.[151,250,1257,1280]" captionTargetBox="[152,1433,342,1234]" captionTargetId="figure-293@25.[151,1436,339,1235]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 9. Niche models and distribution records of Salamandra algira (A); Pleurodeles waltl (B); Alytes maurus (C); and Discoglossus spp. (D) in Morocco. Warmer colours indicate higher climate suitability. Dark spots indicate records derived from literature, white spots show new records." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10097955" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10097955/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
|
||
) is composed of the single record from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5A774B0D2042FFC3FB352E3D5EF3B88A" author="Bons and Geniez" box="[1154,1432,1662,1686]" firstAuthor="Bons" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="ref37681" refString="Bons J. & Geniez, P. (1996) Amphibiens et Reptiles du Maroc (Sahara Occidental compris), Atlas biogeographique. Asociacion Herpetologica Espanola, Barcelona, Spain, 320 pp." type="book" year="1996">Bons and Geniez (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The range of
|
||
<emphasis id="0C92EAEE2042FFC3FE9C2EE15ADCB8A7" box="[299,439,1699,1723]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">S. a. spelaea</emphasis>
|
||
was thought to be restricted to an area of less than
|
||
<quantity id="F91E9B192042FFC3FC592EE05F5DB8A6" box="[1006,1078,1698,1722]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="km" value="45.0">45 km</quantity>
|
||
2 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5A774B0D2042FFC3FBE72EE05E0EB8A6" author="Escoriza & Comas" box="[1104,1381,1698,1722]" firstAuthor="Escoriza" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="77 - 90" refId="ref40424" refString="Escoriza, D. & Comas, M. M. (2007) Description of a new subspecies of Salamandra algira Bedriaga, 1883 (Amphibia: Salamandridae) from the Beni Snassen massif (Northeast Moroco). Salamandra, 43, 77 - 90." type="journal article" year="2007">Escoriza & Comas 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but is found largely continuous within (D. Escoriza pers. obs.). See also
|
||
<figureCitation id="A6DD2A792042FFC3FC212E845883B8C2" box="[918,1000,1734,1758]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1497,1520]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,198,1476]" captionTargetId="figure-223@26.[151,1436,193,1476]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 10. Upper panel: distribution of Salamandra algira ssp. in Morocco, indicating identified geographical barriers. Lower panel: variation in ventral pattern and coloration among Moroccan Salamandra algira ssp. A: Salamandra algira tingitana, west of Tetouan; B: Salamandra algira tingitana, Moulay Abdeslam; C: Salamandra algira splendens ssp. nov., Bou Iblane; D: Salamandra algira splendens ssp. nov., Ketama." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10097957" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10097957/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3E5936FC2042FFC3FF702EA85E7FB98E" blockId="22.[151,1436,798,1938]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<emphasis id="0C92EAEE2042FFC3FF702EA85A94B91F" bold="true" box="[199,511,1770,1795]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">National Red List Status.</emphasis>
|
||
Vulnerable (as part of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F9E64D7F2042FFC3FCA02EA95810B91F" authorityName="Bedriaga" authorityYear="1883" box="[791,891,1771,1795]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Salamandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="algira">
|
||
<emphasis id="0C92EAEE2042FFC3FCA02EA95810B91F" box="[791,891,1771,1795]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">S. algira</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F9E64D7F2042FFC3FC2F2EA95FB9B91F" authorityName="Escoriza and Comas" authorityYear="2007" box="[920,1234,1771,1795]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Salamandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="algira" subSpecies="spelaea">
|
||
<emphasis id="0C92EAEE2042FFC3FC2F2EA95FB9B91F" box="[920,1234,1771,1795]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Salamandra algira spelaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was proposed to qualify as Endangered by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5A774B0D2042FFC3FE7F2F4C5860B93A" author="Escoriza and Comas" box="[456,779,1806,1830]" firstAuthor="Escoriza" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="77 - 90" refId="ref40424" refString="Escoriza, D. & Comas, M. M. (2007) Description of a new subspecies of Salamandra algira Bedriaga, 1883 (Amphibia: Salamandridae) from the Beni Snassen massif (Northeast Moroco). Salamandra, 43, 77 - 90." type="journal article" year="2007">Escoriza and Comas (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The entire range of
|
||
<emphasis id="0C92EAEE2042FFC3FBB52F4C5FFCB93A" box="[1026,1175,1806,1830]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">S. a. spelaea</emphasis>
|
||
is subject to intensive human impact by means of logging, construction of buildings, canalization of natural springs and construction of fountains which prevent access to the limited water bodies by pregnant females. These actions have led to considerable desertification, especially on the southern slopes of the massif (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5A774B0D2042FFC3FC472F385E63B98E" author="Escoriza & Comas" box="[1008,1288,1914,1938]" firstAuthor="Escoriza" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="77 - 90" refId="ref40424" refString="Escoriza, D. & Comas, M. M. (2007) Description of a new subspecies of Salamandra algira Bedriaga, 1883 (Amphibia: Salamandridae) from the Beni Snassen massif (Northeast Moroco). Salamandra, 43, 77 - 90." type="journal article" year="2007">Escoriza & Comas 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |