499 lines
58 KiB
XML
499 lines
58 KiB
XML
<document id="DFE3D8AC66D9F4FA0514FB5353F247EB" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.11512244" ID-ISSN="0068-547X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11512244" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1717719192119" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Zug, George R." docDate="2015" docId="03856357CC7DFFDCFFD05F31FCB3632A" docLanguage="en" docName="ProcCalifAcadSci.62.5.135-190.pdf" docOrigin="Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 62 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E411DA009AF5E7F9A7E023431E2B7D5B.2:ProcCalifAcadSci.2015-.journal_article" docStyleId="E411DA009AF5E7F9A7E023431E2B7D5B" docStyleName="ProcCalifAcadSci.2015-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Kalophrynus sinensis Peters 1867" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="180" masterDocId="FFBC1B2FCC57FFF1FFAB5C0AFF8C611C" masterDocTitle="Morphology and Systematics of Kalophrynus interlineatus-pleurostigma Populations (Anura: Microhylidae: Kalophryninae) and a Taxonomy of the Genus Kalophrynus Tschudi, Asian Sticky Frogs" masterLastPageNumber="190" masterPageNumber="135" pageNumber="177" updateTime="1721744699758" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="266C4B4AA5141F7232CDF9CCE8AC82BB">Morphology and Systematics of Kalophrynus interlineatus-pleurostigma Populations (Anura: Microhylidae: Kalophryninae) and a Taxonomy of the Genus Kalophrynus Tschudi, Asian Sticky Frogs</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="830707A3569C7D6B01B105523F87F491">Zug, George R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="042DAC325C5398C38D98862441DA7BAA">Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="20866C8F2D28BC79E42C69F099D4CD62">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="646B8BBD469CCDC2BF553AA4937E58F4">2015-04-15</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03856357CC7DFFDCFFD05F31FCB3632A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03856357CC7DFFDCFFD05F31FCB3632A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03856357CC7DFFDCFFD05F31FCB3632A" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="180" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">
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<heading id="D0DB652DCC7DFFDBFFD05F31FB02624F" box="[123,1166,827,851]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7DFFDBFFD05F31FB02624F" bold="true" box="[123,1166,827,851]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC7DFFDBFFD05F31FE75624F" ID-CoL="3QZF2" authority="Peters, 1867" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" box="[123,505,827,851]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis">
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7DFFDBFFD05F31FEEB624F" bold="true" box="[123,359,827,851]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">Kalophrynus sinensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBDAFB0CC7DFFDBFEC45F31FE75624F" author="PETERS, W." box="[367,505,827,851]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" pagination="13 - 37" refId="ref38421" refString="PETERS, W. 1867. Herpetologische Notizen. Monatsberichte der Koniglichen Preussichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1867: 13 - 37." type="journal article" year="1867">Peters, 1867</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
Philippine Sticky Frog
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33681CACC7DFFDBFFD05F51FF60626D" box="[123,236,859,881]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B93D241CC7DFFDBFFD05F51FF60626D" blockId="42.[123,1174,827,1109]" box="[123,236,859,881]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">
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<figureCitation id="1317CEC4CC7DFFDBFFD05F51FF6A626D" box="[123,230,859,881]" captionStart="FIGURE" captionStartId="44.[155,167,1351,1370]" captionTargetBox="[169,1129,216,1336]" captionTargetId="figure-124@44.[169,1129,215,1336]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIGURE 11. Coloration of living representatives of pleurostigma-interlineatus group. (A) Dorsolateral view of a K. anya (USNM 520321) from the Chatthin Wildlife Sanctuary, Sagaing, Myanmar [photographer, C. Hansen]; (B) dorsolateral view of a K. anya (USNM 523966) from the Chatthin Wildlife Sanctuary, Sagaing, Myanmar [photographer, G.R. Zug]; (C) dorsolateral view of a K. interlineatus (CAS) from the Tanintharyi National Park, Tanintharyi, Myanmar [photograph- er, J.V. Vindum]; (D) dorsolateral view of a K. meizon (FMNH 242796) from Poring Station, Mt. Kinabulu Park, Ranua District, Sabah [photographer, R.F. Inger]; (E) dorsolateral view of a K. sinensis (UK 333148) from Agusan del Norte, Mindanao, Philippines [photographer, R.M. Brown]; (F) dorsolateral view of a K. pleurostigma (UK 333148) from Gunung Kunyit, Jambi, Sumatra [photographer, E.N. Smith]." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11512262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11512262/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">Figure 11E</figureCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33681CACC7DFFDBFFD05F75FE7C6548" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B93D241CC7DFFDBFFD05F75FB1962C8" blockId="42.[123,1174,827,1109]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC7DFFDBFFD05F75FDF86289" ID-CoL="5WVH4" authority="Peters, 1867" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" box="[123,628,895,917]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Calophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pleurostigma">
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7DFFDBFFD05F75FEF66288" box="[123,378,895,916]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">Calophrynus pleurostigma</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7DFFDBFE025F75FE746288" box="[425,504,895,916]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">Sinensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBDAFB0CC7DFFDBFE555F75FDF86289" author="PETERS, W." box="[510,628,895,917]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" pagination="13 - 37" refId="ref38421" refString="PETERS, W. 1867. Herpetologische Notizen. Monatsberichte der Koniglichen Preussichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1867: 13 - 37." type="journal article" year="1867">Peters, 1867</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7DFFDBFD2B5F75FE3262A8" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">
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<collectorName id="26D9B797CC7DFFDBFD2B5F75FB1A6288" box="[640,1174,895,916]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">Monatsberichte der Königlichen Preussichen Akademie</collectorName>
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der Wissenschaften zu
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<collectorName id="26D9B797CC7DFFDBFE295F95FE3262A8" box="[386,446,927,948]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">Berlin</collectorName>
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1867:33 [
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locality: “Hongkong”; in errore; actually “Dapa, Siargao [
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]”,
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,
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, Province
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<collectingRegion id="49E81CA3CC7DFFDBFD3B5FB5FCB062C8" box="[656,828,959,981]" country="Philippines" name="Surigao del Norte" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">Surigao del Norte</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F33B92D1CC7DFFDBFCE35FB5FC3862C9" box="[840,948,959,981]" name="Philippines" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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].
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below.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B93D241CC7DFFDBFFD05FD5FE556508" blockId="42.[123,1174,827,1109]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC7DFFDBFFD05FD5FE7062E8" ID-CoL="5X7H5" authority="Boettger 1897" authorityName="Boettger" authorityYear="1897" box="[123,508,991,1012]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Calophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acutirostris">
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7DFFDBFFD05FD5FEE062E8" box="[123,364,991,1012]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">Calophrynus acutirostris</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBDAFB0CC7DFFDBFED95FD5FE7062E8" author="BOETTGER, O." box="[370,508,991,1012]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" pagination="165" refId="ref36995" refString="BOETTGER, O. 1897. Neue Reptilien und Batrachier von den Philippinen. Zoologischer Anzeiger 20: 165" type="journal article" year="1897">Boettger 1897</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7DFFDBFDA25FD5FD6F62E8" box="[521,739,991,1012]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">Zoologischer Anzeiger</emphasis>
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20:165 [
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<typeStatus id="54976CE3CC7DFFDBFC975FD5FCE962E8" box="[828,869,991,1012]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">type</typeStatus>
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locality: “
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<collectingCountry id="F33B92D1CC7DFFDBFC675FD5FBB762E9" box="[972,1083,991,1013]" name="Philippines" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">Philippinen</collectingCountry>
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||
, entweder
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<collectorName id="26D9B797CC7DFFDBFF1E5FF5FEAC6509" box="[181,288,1023,1045]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">von Culion</collectorName>
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oder von
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<collectingRegion id="49E81CA3CC7DFFDBFE285FF5FE4C6508" box="[387,448,1023,1044]" country="Philippines" name="Samar" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">Samar</collectingRegion>
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”].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B93D241CC7DFFDBFFD05815FE7C6548" blockId="42.[123,1174,827,1109]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC7DFFDBFFD05815FE6B6528" ID-CoL="3QZF3" authority="Stejneger, 1908" authorityName="Stejneger" authorityYear="1908" box="[123,487,1055,1077]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stellatus">
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7DFFDBFFD05815FEC06528" box="[123,332,1055,1076]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">Kalophrynus stellatus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBDAFB0CC7DFFDBFEF95815FE6B6528" author="STEJNEGER, L." box="[338,487,1055,1077]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" pagination="573 - 576" refId="ref38531" refString="STEJNEGER, L. 1908. Two new species of toads from the Philippines. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 33 (1578): 573 - 576" type="journal article" year="1908">Stejneger, 1908</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7DFFDBFE595815FC566528" box="[498,986,1055,1076]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">Proceedings of the United States National Museum</emphasis>
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||
33:575 [
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<typeStatus id="54976CE3CC7DFFDBFB9B5815FBD56528" box="[1072,1113,1055,1076]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">type</typeStatus>
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||
locality: “
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<collectingRegion id="49E81CA3CC7DFFDBFF665835FE996549" box="[205,277,1087,1109]" country="Philippines" name="Basilan" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">Basilan</collectingRegion>
|
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F33B92D1CC7DFFDBFE8A5835FE016549" box="[289,397,1087,1109]" name="Philippines" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">Philippines</collectingCountry>
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<location id="8EF3849ACC7DFFDBFE3F5835FE546549" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03856357CC7DFFDCFFD05F31FCB3632A:8EF3849ACC7DFFDBFE3F5835FE546549" box="[404,472,1087,1109]" country="Philippines" name="Islands" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" stateProvince="Basilan">Islands</location>
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”].
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</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="3B44D81CCC7DFFDBFF00586FFE596581" collectionCode="TYPE, MATERIAL" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
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.—
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<typeStatus id="54976CE3CC7DFFDBFED4586CFE626560" box="[383,494,1126,1149]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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</smallCapsWord>
|
||
: Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin 5696, see Comments on identity and assignment of holotype.
|
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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.
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<collectingCounty id="62F2AACDCC7DFFDBFD4258AFFC9E65A1" box="[745,786,1189,1213]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">The</collectingCounty>
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following characterization derives largely from my
|
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<collectingRegion id="49E81CA3CC7DFFDBFE9258CFFEF665C1" box="[313,378,1221,1245]" country="Philippines" name="Bohol" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">Bohol</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF7483BCC7DFFDBFE2E58CFFE4A65C1" box="[389,454,1221,1245]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">Island</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
sample.
|
||
<location id="8EF3849ACC7DFFDBFD8658CFFD5F65C1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03856357CC7DFFDCFFD05F31FCB3632A:8EF3849ACC7DFFDBFD8658CFFD5F65C1" box="[557,723,1221,1245]" county="The" municipality="Island" name="Moderate-sized" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" stateProvince="Bohol">Moderate-sized</location>
|
||
adults, sexually dimorphic with females averaging larger (42.4, 39.4–45.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC7DFFDBFE7C58ECFD9865E1" box="[471,532,1254,1277]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3D4A84CC7DFFDBFDB658EFFDC365E1" box="[541,591,1253,1277]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
) than males (37.9, 34.9–41.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC7DFFDBFC2958EFFC3365E1" box="[898,959,1253,1277]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectorName id="26D9B797CC7DFFDBFC7C58EFFB9B65E1" box="[983,1047,1253,1277]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">These</collectorName>
|
||
size differences are reflected in the other measurements: HeadL 12.0–14.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC7DFFDBFC95590FFCF76401" box="[830,891,1285,1309]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFC2D590CFC226401" box="[902,942,1286,1309]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 10.6–12.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC7DFFDBFBB6590FFBD66401" box="[1053,1114,1285,1309]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFBCD590CFB026401" box="[1126,1166,1286,1309]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; HeadW 13.0–14.0 mm
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFED8592CFE176421" box="[371,411,1318,1341]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 10.6–13.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC7DFFDBFDAD592CFDCF6421" box="[518,579,1318,1341]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFDE1592CFDFE6421" box="[586,626,1318,1341]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="8EF3849ACC7DFFDBFD2B592FFD4A6421" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03856357CC7DFFDCFFD05F31FCB3632A:8EF3849ACC7DFFDBFD2B592FFD4A6421" box="[640,710,1317,1341]" name="SnEye" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" stateProvince="Bohol">SnEye</location>
|
||
4.8–
|
||
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC7DFFDBFD51592FFCC76421" box="[762,843,1317,1341]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="5.6">5.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFCF9592CFCF66421" box="[850,890,1318,1341]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 4.3–5.0 mm
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFBA5592CFBBA6421" box="[1038,1078,1318,1341]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="8EF3849ACC7DFFDBFBEF592CFB196422" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03856357CC7DFFDCFFD05F31FCB3632A:8EF3849ACC7DFFDBFBEF592CFB196422" box="[1092,1173,1318,1342]" name="NarEye" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" stateProvince="Bohol">NarEye</location>
|
||
2.7–
|
||
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC7DFFDBFF02594FFF766441" box="[169,250,1349,1373]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="3.6">3.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFEA9594CFEA66441" box="[258,298,1350,1373]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 2.2–3.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC7DFFDBFED1594FFE3B6441" box="[378,439,1349,1373]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFE14594CFE6B6441" box="[447,487,1350,1373]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; EyeD 3.9–
|
||
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC7DFFDBFDC3594FFD356441" box="[616,697,1349,1373]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="4.8">4.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFD6B594CFD646441" box="[704,744,1350,1373]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 3.5–3.-
|
||
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC7DFFDBFCE9594FFC1F6441" box="[834,915,1349,1373]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFC31594CFC4E6441" box="[922,962,1350,1373]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="8EF3849ACC7DFFDBFC7B594CFB826441" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03856357CC7DFFDCFFD05F31FCB3632A:8EF3849ACC7DFFDBFC7B594CFB826441" box="[976,1038,1350,1373]" name="Tymp" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" stateProvince="Bohol">Tymp</location>
|
||
2.3–4.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC7DFFDBFBF3594FFB196441" box="[1112,1173,1349,1373]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFFD0596CFF2F6461" box="[123,163,1382,1405]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 2.7–
|
||
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC7DFFDBFF74596FFEBC6461" box="[223,304,1381,1405]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="3.9">3.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFE93596CFEEC6461" box="[312,352,1382,1405]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; ForarmL 10.2–13.0 mm
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFDDE596CFD116461" box="[629,669,1382,1405]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 9.6–11.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC7DFFDBFD51596FFCBB6461" box="[762,823,1381,1405]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFC94596CFCEB6461" box="[831,871,1382,1405]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; HandL 10.2–11.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC7DFFDBFB89596FFBD36461" box="[1058,1119,1381,1405]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFBCC596CFB036461" box="[1127,1167,1382,1405]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 8.8–10.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC7DFFDBFF60598FFE846481" box="[203,264,1413,1437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFEBE598CFEB16481" box="[277,317,1414,1437]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; ThghL 14.8–21.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC7DFFDBFDAF598FFDCD6481" box="[516,577,1413,1437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFDE4598CFDFB6481" box="[591,631,1414,1437]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 15.1–19.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC7DFFDBFD43598FFCA96481" box="[744,805,1413,1437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFC98598CFCD76481" box="[819,859,1414,1437]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; CrusL 16.0–19.0 mm
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFBCC598CFB036481" box="[1127,1167,1414,1437]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 14.9–17.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC7DFFDBFF7359AFFE9964A1" box="[216,277,1445,1469]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFE8E59ACFEC164A1" box="[293,333,1446,1469]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; TarsL 9.8–15.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC7DFFDBFDAB59AFFDB164A1" box="[512,573,1445,1469]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFDE659ACFDF964A1" box="[589,629,1446,1469]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 9.3–11.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC7DFFDBFD7159AFFC9B64A1" box="[730,791,1445,1469]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFC8359ACFCDC64A1" box="[808,848,1446,1469]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; HndfL 15.4–18.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC7DFFDBFBB159AFFBDB64A1" box="[1050,1111,1445,1469]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFBCC59ACFB0364A1" box="[1127,1167,1446,1469]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 13.2–18.
|
||
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC7DFFDBFF7359CFFE9964C1" box="[216,277,1477,1501]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFE8A59CCFEC564C1" box="[289,329,1478,1501]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="8EF3849ACC7DFFDBFEF759CFFE1A64C1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03856357CC7DFFDCFFD05F31FCB3632A:8EF3849ACC7DFFDBFEF759CFFE1A64C1" box="[348,406,1477,1501]" name="Body" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" stateProvince="Bohol">Body</location>
|
||
proportions differences are not significantly different between adult females and males (all values are percent): HeadL/
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3D4A84CC7DFFDBFD0459EFFD6D64E1" box="[687,737,1509,1533]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
28–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFCB959EFFCD264E1" box="[786,862,1509,1533]" count="34" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">34 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 29–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFC3C59EFFC6864E1" box="[919,996,1509,1533]" count="32" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">32 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; HeadW/HeadL 98–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFF085A0FFF776701" box="[163,251,1541,1565]" count="120" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">120 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 96–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFE985A0FFE066701" box="[307,394,1541,1565]" count="114" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">114 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; HeadW/
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3D4A84CC7DFFDBFE585A0FFDA96701" box="[499,549,1541,1565]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
31–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFDFE5A0FFD2C6701" box="[597,672,1541,1565]" count="35" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">35 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 30–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFD735A0FFCAF6701" box="[728,803,1541,1565]" count="35" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">35 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="8EF3849ACC7DFFDBFC985A0FFCF56701" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03856357CC7DFFDCFFD05F31FCB3632A:8EF3849ACC7DFFDBFC985A0FFCF56701" box="[819,889,1541,1565]" name="SnEye" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" stateProvince="Bohol">SnEye</location>
|
||
/HeadL 37–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFC535A0FFBCF6701" box="[1016,1091,1541,1565]" count="45" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">45 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 37–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFBD05A0FFF2F6721" count="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">44 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF7483BCC7DFFDBFF1C5A2CFE846722" box="[183,264,1574,1598]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">NarEye</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
/
|
||
<location id="8EF3849ACC7DFFDBFEBB5A2FFEDA6721" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03856357CC7DFFDCFFD05F31FCB3632A:8EF3849ACC7DFFDBFEBB5A2FFEDA6721" box="[272,342,1573,1597]" municipality="NarEye" name="SnEye" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" stateProvince="Bohol">SnEye</location>
|
||
52–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFE215A2FFE556721" box="[394,473,1573,1597]" count="69" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">69 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 47–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFDBE5A2FFDE86721" box="[533,612,1573,1597]" count="67" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">67 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; EyeD/HeadL 31–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFCEE5A2FFC186721" box="[837,916,1573,1597]" count="36" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">36 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, o-o
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFC735A2CFB8C6721" box="[984,1024,1574,1597]" count="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="8EF3849ACC7DFFDBFBB85A2CFBDD6722" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03856357CC7DFFDCFFD05F31FCB3632A:8EF3849ACC7DFFDBFBB85A2CFBDD6722" box="[1043,1105,1574,1598]" name="Tymp" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" stateProvince="Bohol">Tymp</location>
|
||
/EyeD 55–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFF085A4FFF706741" box="[163,252,1605,1629]" count="104" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">104 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 68–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFE985A4FFEF36741" box="[307,383,1605,1629]" count="92" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">92 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="8EF3849ACC7DFFDBFE245A4CFE526741" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03856357CC7DFFDCFFD05F31FCB3632A:8EF3849ACC7DFFDBFE245A4CFE526741" box="[399,478,1606,1629]" name="Forarm" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" stateProvince="Bohol">Forarm</location>
|
||
/
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3D4A84CC7DFFDBFE4E5A4FFD9B6741" box="[485,535,1605,1629]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
24–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFDEC5A4FFD1F6741" box="[583,659,1605,1629]" count="30" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">30 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 24–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFD615A4FFC9A6741" box="[714,790,1605,1629]" count="32" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">32 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="8EF3849ACC7DFFDBFC845A4CFCF26741" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03856357CC7DFFDCFFD05F31FCB3632A:8EF3849ACC7DFFDBFC845A4CFCF26741" box="[815,894,1606,1629]" name="Forarm" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" stateProvince="Bohol">Forarm</location>
|
||
/CrusL 63–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFC535A4FFBCF6741" box="[1016,1091,1605,1629]" count="69" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">69 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 55–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFBD05A4CFF2F6761" count="77" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">77 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; HndlL/
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3D4A84CC7DFFDBFEAA5A6CFEBF6762" box="[257,307,1638,1662]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
142–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFED95A6FFE476761" box="[370,459,1637,1661]" count="163" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">163 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 150–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFDBA5A6CFDE76761" box="[529,619,1638,1662]" count="170" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">170 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; CrusL/
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3D4A84CC7DFFDBFD6D5A6CFD746762" box="[710,760,1638,1662]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
38–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFC8A5A6CFCE16761" box="[801,877,1638,1662]" count="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">44 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 39–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFC0D5A6FFC7E6761" box="[934,1010,1637,1661]" count="46" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">46 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; CrusL/ThghL 77–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFF085A8CFF746781" box="[163,248,1670,1694]" count="100" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">100 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 88–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFE865A8CFE0D6781" box="[301,385,1670,1694]" count="111" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">111 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; TarsL/ThghL 52–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFDE35A8CFD1D6781" box="[584,657,1670,1694]" count="73" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">73 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 53–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFD6E5A8CFC826781" box="[709,782,1670,1694]" count="74" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">74 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; HndfL/
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3D4A84CC7DFFDBFCC25A8CFC176782" box="[873,923,1670,1694]" pageId="42" pageNumber="177">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
36–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFC635A8CFB9D6781" box="[968,1041,1670,1694]" count="43" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">43 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 37–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFBEE5A8FFB026781" box="[1093,1166,1669,1693]" count="51" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">51 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
; HndfL/ThghL 80–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFEEB5AACFE1B67A1" box="[320,407,1702,1726]" count="104" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="female">104 ♀♀</specimenCount>
|
||
, 79–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7DFFDBFE665AACFDA967A1" box="[461,549,1702,1726]" count="123" pageId="42" pageNumber="177" type="male">123 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B93D241CC7CFFDAFF005CD1FB826088" blockId="43.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">Dorsal skin forms thick, glandular cloak from behind eyes to vent; dorsolateral ridge on trunk variously defined from smooth transition to sides to distinct ridge or fold from shoulder to inguina. Dorsal surface lightly rugose to granular rugose, latter rugosity especially evident on posterior third of trunk; no spiny tubercles although lightly pigmented dome-like tubercles common on posterior third of trunk. Ventrally surface is lightly rugose from chin to chest, abdomen large pebbly rugose; some females with numerous unpigmented short tubercles on base of neck and chest.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B93D241CC7CFFDAFF005D96FF746349" blockId="43.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">Vomerine teeth absent. Tongue is moderate to large, usually oblong, and posterior half to two-thirds free. Palatal fold morphology appears relatively uniform although these data are not quantified. Pair of low vomerine folds nearly in contact on midline, free edge, smooth edged and lightly undulatory; postorbital folds short, low and continuous across midline, composed of four to eight irregular width lobes; buccal fold long, medium height, continuous with 14 to 18 abutting rectangular lobes.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B93D241CC7CFFDAFF005E54FE9762AB" blockId="43.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">Fingers lack webbing. Both finger and toe tips are bluntly rounded. Subarticular tubercles are well developed on the digits; only third finger bears a subarticular tubercle on free portion of digit; all fingers have a tubercle at their base and another row between a large, circular to elliptical, nearly medial outer palmar tubercle. Second and third fingers bear asperities on dorsal surface of distal end of the metacarpal and first phalanx. For the hindfoot, each toe has a basal subarticular tubercle although often poorly developed and low on fourth toe, low or absent on fifth toe; third and fifth toes with addition tubercle on free portion of digit, two tubercles on free portion of fourth toe. Inner and outer metatarsal tubercles are present; inner is large, nearly circular to elliptical; outer small to nearly absent and circular. Toes modestly webbed WebIII2 median 2.5 (1.0–3.0), WebIV1 2.0 (1.0–3.0). Digit lengths nearly constant for fore- and hindfeet; finger formula 3>2≈1>4; toe formula 4>3>5>2>1.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B93D241CC7CFFDAFF005FCAFDDA6467" blockId="43.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">
|
||
Color pattern variation statistics for entire sample of juvenile and adults are (median and range): HeadMid 0 0–1, HeadPsag 0 0–2, DorsNap 1 0–2, DorsPsag 1 0–2, IngSpt 2 0–2, HndlBr 1 0–2, DlatSt 1 0–2, Loreal 1 0–2, LatTrnk 1 0–2,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E81CA3CC7CFFDAFD10580BFD636505" box="[699,751,1025,1049]" country="Myanmar" name="Chin" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">Chin</collectingRegion>
|
||
1 0–2, Chest 0 0–1. In preservatives,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC7CFFDAFFD05828FF636525" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" box="[123,239,1058,1081]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="43" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7CFFDAFFD05828FF636525" box="[123,239,1058,1081]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">K. sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
varies from dorsally uniformly colored to well-marked pattern of longitudinal stripes. Some striped individuals have a middorsal stripe extending from snout to neck, there bifurcating; most lack middorsal snout stripe, instead have pair of medially converging diagonal stripes or reverse triangle mark on rear of head; on rear of neck stripe of triangle bifurcates as pair of narrow (usually), diverging trunk stripes; latter stripes rarely fragmented although of variable sharpness; parasagittal trunk stripes regularly present although faded; narrow, light-colored dorsolateral trunk stripe usually present, regularly faded, and narrowly edged below from eye to mid trunk by dark brown border; inguinal ocelli rarely absent, occasionally with smaller ocellus (unilateral) to rear of main ocellus. Thigh banding evident in majority of individuals. Venter in majority is light brown or tan, uniform from chin to thighs, except most individual show pair of broad, dark, longitudinal stripes on throat (usually faded, but visible).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33681CACC7CFFDAFF005989FF4D64E0" pageId="43" pageNumber="178" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B93D241CC7CFFDAFF005989FF4D64E0" blockId="43.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D75449DCC7CFFDAFF005989FEB96486" baselines="1429,1429" box="[171,309,1411,1435]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Etymology" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7CFFDAFF005989FEB96486" bold="true" box="[171,309,1411,1435]" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">ETYMOLOGY</emphasis>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
.—
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B44D81CCC7CFFDAFEF55989FF7964A0" country="China" location="China" pageId="43" pageNumber="178" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
Although a Philippine species, the original (
|
||
<typeStatus id="54976CE3CC7CFFDAFC975989FC156487" box="[828,921,1411,1435]" pageId="43" pageNumber="178" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
) was thought to derive from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33B92D1CC7CFFDAFF1E59AEFF7964A0" box="[181,245,1444,1468]" name="China" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. Peters designated the species as Chinese, hence
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC7CFFDAFCA859AEFCDB64A7" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" box="[771,855,1444,1467]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="43" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7CFFDAFCA859AEFCDB64A7" box="[771,855,1444,1467]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
derives from the Latin
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7CFFDAFBF859AEFB0264A7" box="[1107,1166,1444,1467]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">Sinae</emphasis>
|
||
, the Chinese, and used broadly in English as the prefix Sino- in the sense of Chinese or of/from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33B92D1CC7CFFDAFFD059EEFF3764E0" box="[123,187,1508,1532]" name="China" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33681CACC7CFFDAFF005A0EFEF86781" pageId="43" pageNumber="178" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B93D241CC7CFFDAFF005A0EFD426720" blockId="43.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D75449DCC7CFFDAFF005A0EFECF6707" baselines="1558,1558" box="[171,323,1540,1564]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Distribution" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7CFFDAFF005A0EFECF6707" bold="true" box="[171,323,1540,1564]" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">DISTRIBUTION</emphasis>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
.—
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC7CFFDAFEC05A0EFDDC6700" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" box="[363,592,1540,1564]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="43" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7CFFDAFEC05A0EFDDC6700" box="[363,592,1540,1564]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">Kalophrynus sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in the southern islands of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E81CA3CC7CFFDAFC175A0EFF106721" isEnumeration="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">Samar, Leyte, Dinagat</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Siargao,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E81CA3CC7CFFDAFEA35A2EFE4C6720" box="[264,448,1572,1596]" isEnumeration="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">Bohol, Camiguin</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Mindanao, and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E81CA3CC7CFFDAFDDC5A2EFD4B6720" box="[631,711,1572,1596]" country="Philippines" name="Basilan" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">Basilan</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B93D241CC7CFFDAFF005A4FFEF86781" blockId="43.[123,1174,219,1726]" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D75449DCC7CFFDAFF005A4FFE9D6747" baselines="1623,1622" box="[171,273,1605,1629]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Natural" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7CFFDAFF005A4FFE9D6747" bold="true" box="[171,273,1605,1629]" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">NATURAL</emphasis>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D75449DCC7CFFDAFEBC5A4FFEF46747" baselines="1623,1622" box="[279,376,1605,1629]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="History" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7CFFDAFEBC5A4FFEF46747" bold="true" box="[279,376,1605,1629]" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">HISTORY</emphasis>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
.— This species is a forest floor and dry stream bed denizen, hiding under the leaf and other litter during the day and foraging on the surface at night. It also breeds in small, shallow pools of water.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33681CACC7CFFDCFF005AAFFCB3632A" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="180" pageId="43" pageNumber="178" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B93D241CC7CFFDCFF005AAFFD5D600F" blockId="43.[123,1174,219,1726]" lastBlockId="45.[123,1173,219,567]" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="180" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D75449DCC7CFFDAFF005AAFFEA467A0" baselines="1719,1719" box="[171,296,1701,1725]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Comments" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7CFFDAFF005AAFFEA467A0" bold="true" box="[171,296,1701,1725]" pageId="43" pageNumber="178">COMMENTS</emphasis>
|
||
</smallCapsWord>
|
||
.—
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBDAFB0CC7CFFDAFEE45AACFD9767A2" author="BAUER, A. M. & R. GUNTHER & H. E. ROBECK" box="[335,539,1701,1726]" pageId="43" pageNumber="178" pagination="259 - 275" refId="ref36865" refString="BAUER, A. M., R. GUNTHER, AND H. E. ROBECK. 1996. An annotated type catalogue of the hemisotid, microhylid, myobatrachid, pelobatid and pipoid frogs in the Zoological Museum, Berlin (Amphibia: Anura: Hemisotidae, Microhylidae, Myobatrachidae, Pelobatidae and Pipidae). Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin 72: 259 - 275." type="journal article" year="1996">Bauer et al. (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
identified a single specimen in the Berlin collection as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54976CE3CC7BFFDDFFD05A2CFF426722" box="[123,206,1574,1598]" pageId="44" pageNumber="179" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC7BFFDDFF5F5A2CFEE56721" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" box="[244,361,1574,1597]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7BFFDDFF5F5A2CFEE56721" box="[244,361,1574,1597]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="179">K. sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and, based on W. Peters’ handwritten note in the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED3D4A84CC7BFFDDFC225A2CFC4F6721" box="[905,963,1574,1597]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="44" pageNumber="179" type="Museum">ZMB</collectionCode>
|
||
catalog identifying the specimen as the type and corrected the locality to “Dapa, Siargao”. Ohler and Grosjean (2005) accepted the existence of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D2A19C8CC7BFFDDFE385A6CFDAC6762" box="[403,544,1638,1662]" count="2" pageId="44" pageNumber="179" type="generic" typeStatus="syntype">two syntypes</specimenCount>
|
||
and identified the type locality as Mindanao,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33B92D1CC7BFFDDFBBC5A6FFB036761" box="[1047,1167,1637,1661]" name="Philippines" pageId="44" pageNumber="179">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
, based on a bottle label of a supposed
|
||
<typeStatus id="54976CE3CC7BFFDDFDBF5A8CFDEB6782" box="[532,615,1670,1694]" pageId="44" pageNumber="179" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
in the Vienna collection. I accept the interpretation of a single specimen, and it being the Berlin specimen. Either way, the correction of the syntypic locality makes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC7AFFDCFEB65CD6FEFD61EF" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" box="[285,369,220,243]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="45" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7AFFDCFEB65CD6FEFD61EF" box="[285,369,220,243]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="180">sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the senior synonym for the Philippine populations.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBDAFB0CC7AFFDCFC355CD1FBA861EF" author="INGER, R. F." box="[926,1060,219,243]" pageId="45" pageNumber="180" pagination="389 - 424" refId="ref37656" refString="INGER, R. F. 1954. Systematics and zoogeography of Philippine Amphibia. Fieldiana: Zoology 33 (4): 389 - 424." type="journal article" year="1954">Inger (1954)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that the type locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC7AFFDCFEE65CF6FE6A600F" authorityName="Boettger" authorityYear="1897" box="[333,486,252,275]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Calophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="45" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acutirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7AFFDCFEE65CF6FE6A600F" box="[333,486,252,275]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="180">C. acutirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most likely
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E81CA3CC7AFFDCFD2D5CF1FD46600F" box="[646,714,251,275]" country="Philippines" name="Samar" pageId="45" pageNumber="180">Samar</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF5382C9CC7BFFDDFF30594DFDB16711" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11512262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11512262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11512262/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="179" startId="44.[155,167,1351,1370]" targetBox="[169,1129,216,1336]" targetPageId="44" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B93D241CC7BFFDDFF30594DFDB16711" blockId="44.[123,1174,1351,1549]" pageId="44" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="8D75449DCC7BFFDDFF30594DFF546444" baselines="1365,1364" box="[155,216,1351,1370]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="8" normCase="title" normString="Figure" pageId="44" pageNumber="179">FIGURE</smallCapsWord>
|
||
11. Coloration of living representatives of
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7BFFDDFDE3594DFCA76446" box="[584,811,1351,1370]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="179">pleurostigma-interlineatus</emphasis>
|
||
group. (A) Dorsolateral view of a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC7BFFDDFBF8594DFB196445" authorityName="Zug" authorityYear="2015" box="[1107,1173,1351,1369]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anya">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7BFFDDFBF8594DFB196445" box="[1107,1173,1351,1369]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="179">K. anya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(USNM 520321) from the Chatthin Wildlife Sanctuary, Sagaing, Myanmar [photographer, C. Hansen]; (B) dorsolateral view of a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC7BFFDDFF7E5970FE946490" authorityName="Zug" authorityYear="2015" box="[213,280,1402,1420]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anya">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7BFFDDFF7E5970FE946490" box="[213,280,1402,1420]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="179">K. anya</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(USNM 523966) from the Chatthin Wildlife Sanctuary, Sagaing, Myanmar [photographer, G.R. Zug]; (C) dorsolateral view of a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC7BFFDDFEF5599EFDAD64BB" authority="(CAS)" baseAuthorityName="CAS" box="[350,545,1427,1447]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="interlineatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7BFFDDFEF5599EFE6864BA" box="[350,484,1427,1446]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="179">K. interlineatus</emphasis>
|
||
(CAS)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Tanintharyi National Park, Tanintharyi, Myanmar [photographer, J.V. Vindum]; (D) dorsolateral view of a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC7BFFDDFE5459A4FDDA64DC" authorityName="Zug" authorityYear="2015" box="[511,598,1454,1472]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meizon">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7BFFDDFE5459A4FDDA64DC" box="[511,598,1454,1472]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="179">K. meizon</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(FMNH 242796) from Poring Station, Mt. Kinabulu Park, Ranua District, Sabah [photographer, R.F. Inger]; (E) dorsolateral view of a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC7BFFDDFD6E59CDFCAE64C5" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1867" box="[709,802,1479,1497]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7BFFDDFD6E59CDFCAE64C5" box="[709,802,1479,1497]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="179">K. sinensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UK 333148) from Agusan del Norte, Mindanao, Philippines [photographer, R.M. Brown]; (F) dorsolateral view of a
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC7BFFDDFCBA59EBFC1064EF" box="[785,924,1504,1523]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Calophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="44" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pleurostigma">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7BFFDDFCBA59EBFC1064EF" box="[785,924,1504,1523]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="179">K. pleurostigma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UK 333148) from Gunung Kunyit, Jambi, Sumatra [photographer, E.N. Smith].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B93D241CC7AFFDCFF005D16FBBB60CA" blockId="45.[123,1173,219,567]" pageId="45" pageNumber="180">
|
||
This study does not examine the possibility of multiple species in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33B92D1CC7AFFDCFC3B5D16FBDC6028" box="[912,1104,284,308]" name="Philippines" pageId="45" pageNumber="180">Philippine Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBDAFB0CC7AFFDCFBF65D16FF4E6048" author="INGER, R. F." pageId="45" pageNumber="180" pagination="389 - 424" refId="ref37656" refString="INGER, R. F. 1954. Systematics and zoogeography of Philippine Amphibia. Fieldiana: Zoology 33 (4): 389 - 424." type="journal article" year="1954">Inger (1954)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted differences in toe webbing of males in samples from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E81CA3CC7AFFDCFCED5D36FC1A6048" box="[838,918,316,340]" country="Philippines" name="Basilan" pageId="45" pageNumber="180">Basilan</collectingRegion>
|
||
and Mindanao; however, a statistical test did not reveal the differences to be significant.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBDAFB0CC7AFFDCFCE95D56FC596069" author="TAYLOR, E. H." box="[834,981,348,373]" pageId="45" pageNumber="180" pagination="213 - 359" refId="ref38561" refString="TAYLOR, E. H. 1921. Philippine Amphibia. Philippine Journal of Science 16 (3): 213 - 359." type="journal article" year="1921">Taylor (1921)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
accepted the specific status of the Basilian species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC7AFFDCFE5D5D77FDC36089" authorityName="Stejneger" authorityYear="1908" box="[502,591,381,405]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="45" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stellatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7AFFDCFE5D5D77FDC36089" box="[502,591,381,405]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="180">stellatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(using his Mindanao sample for his detailed description) and Boettger’s description of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E81CA3CC7AFFDCFDB75D97FDEC60A9" box="[540,608,413,437]" country="Philippines" name="Samar" pageId="45" pageNumber="180">Samar</collectingRegion>
|
||
species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC7AFFDCFD165D94FCBB60A9" authorityName="Boettger" authorityYear="1897" box="[701,823,414,437]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Calophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="45" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acutirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7AFFDCFD165D94FCBB60A9" box="[701,823,414,437]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="180">acutirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. He noted: “It is not improbable that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC7AFFDCFF015DB4FE1860CA" authorityName="Stejneger" authorityYear="1908" box="[170,404,446,470]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="45" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stellatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7AFFDCFF015DB4FE1860CA" box="[170,404,446,470]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="180">Kalophrynus stellatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC7AFFDCFE625DB4FDEF60C9" authorityName="Boettger" authorityYear="1897" box="[457,611,446,469]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Calophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="45" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="acutirostris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7AFFDCFE625DB4FDEF60C9" box="[457,611,446,469]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="180">K. acutirostris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are merely variations of the same species.”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B93D241CC7AFFDCFF005DD4FCB3632A" blockId="45.[123,1173,219,567]" pageId="45" pageNumber="180">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBDAFB0CC7AFFDCFF005DD4FEED60EA" author="STEJNEGER, L." box="[171,353,478,502]" pageId="45" pageNumber="180" pagination="573 - 576" refId="ref38531" refString="STEJNEGER, L. 1908. Two new species of toads from the Philippines. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 33 (1578): 573 - 576" type="journal article" year="1908">Stejneger (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported that the buccal fold was strong denticulate in his description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC7AFFDCFFD05DF5FF7A630A" authorityName="Stejneger" authorityYear="1908" box="[123,246,510,534]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="45" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stellatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC7AFFDCFFD05DF5FF7A630A" box="[123,246,510,534]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="180">K. stellatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. My examination of the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E81CA3CC7AFFDCFDA05DF4FDD7630A" box="[523,603,510,534]" country="Philippines" name="Basilan" pageId="45" pageNumber="180">Basilan</collectingRegion>
|
||
specimens available to him showed the lobes to be mostly blunt rectangular, occasionally with an irregular free edge.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |