149 lines
19 KiB
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149 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="33138" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.55.11255" ID-GBIF-Dataset="96b59ef6-168f-4e1a-ae02-39c424b9b916" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-55-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFB0FFA5F03D481DFF8A0D2EFFA3FFDC" ID-ZBK="52609DE318634183B137D7B377E30CD1" ID-Zenodo-Dep="575138" ID-ZooBank="52609DE318634183B137D7B377E30CD1" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1314-2607-55-1" ModsDocOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 55" ModsDocTitle="Subgeneric classification and biology of the leafcutter and dauber bees (genus Megachile Latreille) of the western Palearctic (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Megachilidae)" checkinTime="1493464724191" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Praz, Christophe J." docDate="2017" docId="42C1FC9ED4943FBC044BB93CEA173576" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 55: 1-54" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 55" docPubDate="2017-04-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.55.11255" docTitle="H. (Maximegachile) Guiglia and Pasteels 1961" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" id="FFB0FFA5F03D481DFF8A0D2EFFA3FFDC" lastPageNumber="16" masterDocId="FFB0FFA5F03D481DFF8A0D2EFFA3FFDC" masterDocTitle="Subgeneric classification and biology of the leafcutter and dauber bees (genus Megachile Latreille) of the western Palearctic (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Megachilidae)" masterLastPageNumber="54" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1732038998455" updateUser="valdenar">
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<mods:title id="4BA82AE10CA184016F65C0547C067C37">Subgeneric classification and biology of the leafcutter and dauber bees (genus Megachile Latreille) of the western Palearctic (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Megachilidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="C947F9234AEBA432AFEEF2BCE915FB22">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="748D0539F7BC8EC263AAF0023A363FC6">Praz, Christophe J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="CE51134FA83577B603568E483495F40C">University of Neuchatel, Institute of Biology, Evolutionary Entomology, Emile-Argand 11, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="03D1611AA676D6A42C832AECF18E94B3" type="email">christophe.praz@unine.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="D00D07B1B373085544CCC59B6DA536E1">Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2A83B772A8A4DDFF157A87543F57B4CE">
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<mods:date id="0EC4EF54F0DDE9C7AF63205476D25776">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0B37A9371C8204B30767C794714C7F18">2017-04-28</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1203A3D00052226B16EF259AE7E2213B">55</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="A4650848FE298DBFC3797631230DC5E5">1</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="44D2194F1027DA21254CE69084E36488">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.55.11255</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="9BAE1B42DFC7C70F97E8A27A121DF096">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="0E668880DD3004BD70F72C5E33C346CB" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.55.11255</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CCDC8FE78256016FE5C1778F68C30121" type="Zenodo-Dep">575138</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="42C1FC9ED4943FBC044BB93CEA173576" ID-GBIF-Taxon="128834670" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:42C1FC9ED4943FBC044BB93CEA173576" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/42C1FC9ED4943FBC044BB93CEA173576" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<subSubSection id="2CED5F227041EF63160B9F8CF030DCA6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5095D3C0ED7E4ADFA8DBD78D98D0BF60" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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Subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="944EADF85E679DDA43D10DF6AF3A0EA9" LSID="43555968-7BD6-53D8-B992-7D4A70B8C248" authority="Guiglia and Pasteels, 1961" authorityName="Guiglia and Pasteels" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="H." higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="(Maximegachile)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" subGenus="Maximegachile">Maximegachile Guiglia and Pasteels, 1961</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="461658110966B8B43FFB01A449D11695" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="D9BB9F17D9D22CBC93D1F85F4F9E0AA6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Diagnosis and description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="09A1B50ADA7FDE2BE9F92774D3DA1A08" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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This species-poor, group 2 subgenus is probably represented in the Palearctic by one conspicuous species that is well characterized in the key. In both sexes,
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<taxonomicName id="C7FBB73931AA4448A7B85B9261030529" authorityName="Guiglia and Pasteels" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="H." higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="(Maximegachile)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" subGenus="Maximegachile">
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<emphasis id="AF651E85517E8DFC5E08582ACC5701D3" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Maximegachile</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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consists of large, elongate bees with a typical vestiture pattern: hairs are predominantly black except snow white on the propodeum, on T1 and the basal part of T2. No other Palearctic species has such a vestiture pattern.
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<emphasis id="DA6E82C7DE6157783BD5779F8604785C" bold="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Females</emphasis>
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: In addition, females have an elongate, 3-toothed mandible, a modified clypeus and a strong hypostomal tooth (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="0DDA680E7AA4538C46361D7D296C210A" captionStart="Figures 16–23" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 16 - 23. Female clypeus and mandibles, front view. 16 Megachile (Creightonella) amabilis 17 M. (Maximegachile) maxillosa; the white line indicates the hypostomal tooth 18 M. (Callomegachile) sculpturalis 19 M. (Chalicodoma) hungarica 20 M. (Pseudomegachile) ericetorum 21 M. (Pseudomegachile) incana 22 M. (Pseudomegachile) sp. aff. incana 23 M. (Pseudomegachile) foersteri." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11255.figures16-23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/133915" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">17</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis id="0E43200D5EF008CBC2B13D8933E64DE2" bold="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Males</emphasis>
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: The males are characterized by the absence of both front coxal spine and inferior mandibular projection, by the bilobed carina of T6 and the strong preoccipital carina (see additional comments to the male morphology below).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="737618A58F66E06FBB700ECC3523D91F" ID-Zenodo-Dep="988955" doi="10.3897/jhr.55.11255.figures50-53" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/133924" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" start="Figures 50–53" startId="F11">
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<paragraph id="4B4DD2662C8D9373368CB22562248380" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="159A2F5277817AA8521FE9DBCF40E923" bold="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figures 50-53.</emphasis>
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Apex of male metasoma, dorsal view.
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<emphasis id="6BCE72075F8BD087A62D4580629645AC" bold="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">50</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="3D19AF52BBA2F7849B1C6C0D6832A48B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile (Anodonteutricharaea)" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" subGenus="Anodonteutricharaea">Megachile (Anodonteutricharaea</taxonomicName>
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) sp. aff.
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<taxonomicName id="4F978C40DD526CB33D5D4DF4F3516E47" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1871" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="inornata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="inornata">inornata</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="4BE8848BA77C97722D2FD7A0813CB797" bold="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">51</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="E0EA88960650E462A496D2FD64302636" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1841" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="M." higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. (Pseudomegachile) ericetorum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="ericetorum" subGenus="Pseudomegachile">M. (Pseudomegachile) ericetorum</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="5FB521CA8F737796F3CFD40FDE1D5FA7" bold="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">52</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="5DAA836CD9C8C197F5ED71AD05263304" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="M." higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. (Pseudomegachile) saussurei" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="saussurei" subGenus="Pseudomegachile">M. (Pseudomegachile) saussurei</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="FDE0C07A8F3BB26663F1F66719A9B6E9" bold="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">53</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="A93968F903DA6507B9098AFA1BB8A731" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="M." higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. (Pseudomegachile) foersteri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="foersteri" subGenus="Pseudomegachile">M. (Pseudomegachile) foersteri</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8EE6F760F8D788F054DF35A59EC00CAD" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="species composition">
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<paragraph id="004BE5D92FAFA5E76808E02F649963C9" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Species composition.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4454DD3A9882F45B5F2D0B394C963BE1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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Two species have been mentioned for the Palearctic region and for the Arabian Peninsula:
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<bibRefCitation id="96824B0BBD1CC2685F71315D99C7FC38" author="Pasteels, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin et annales de la Societe royale belge d'entomologie" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="250 - 257" refId="B71" refString="Pasteels, JJ, 1979. Notes sur de Megachilidae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) d'Arabie et des regions desertiques limitrophes. 1. Quelques especes a affinite africaine. Bulletin et annales de la Societe royale belge d'entomologie 115: 250 - 257" title="Notes sur de Megachilidae (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) d'Arabie et des regions desertiques limitrophes. 1. Quelques especes a affinite africaine." volume="115" year="1979">Pasteels (1979)</bibRefCitation>
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mentions
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<taxonomicName id="522C1B0D1004883FE659DDC2BA511DA0" authorityName="Guerin-Meneville" authorityYear="1845" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile maxillosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="maxillosa">
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<emphasis id="C17239837182EEB3C5229EB9E12FB0BB" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Megachile maxillosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="BE925B2585B212A986D3FBCA35DBFE72" originalValue="Guérin-Méneville">Guerin-Meneville</normalizedToken>
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, 1845 from the Arabian Peninsula and describes
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<taxonomicName id="F9A5826F051288DA920FFE2CEC9DAF7B" baseAuthorityName="Pasteels" baseAuthorityYear="1979" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="M." higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. esseniensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="esseniensis">
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<emphasis id="09DDE2789ACD9968783AE3D50A4989A4" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">M. esseniensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Pasteels, 1979) from a single male collected in Southern Israel. Based on the examination of numerous specimens of
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<taxonomicName id="376E14B19D74A4DA9C53D98E6B6757C0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="M." higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. maxillosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="maxillosa">
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<emphasis id="60B0E8B76F722014402A11C00F3BEF2E" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">M. maxillosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from Africa, it seems that
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<taxonomicName id="0B6020329D3121F8CD357335A8A5BE59" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="M." higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. maxillosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="maxillosa">
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<emphasis id="FCE7F500337739B5B173515D8934766F" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">M. maxillosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occurs as two distinct morphs in the male sex: a large morph (body length approximately 20 mm) with clypeus entirely glabrous and covered by coarse punctures on its disc; and a smaller morph (body length approximately 15 mm) with clypeus covered by dense vestiture at least apically and with finer punctures. A similar conclusion seems to have been reached by
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<bibRefCitation id="5293C19EE2F8BF3CA6ABB094AAD4F32A" author="Eardley, C" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="1 - 139" refId="B15" refString="Eardley, C, 2012. A taxonomic revision of the southern African species of dauber bees in the genus Megachile Latreille (Apoidea: Megachilidae). Zootaxa 3460: 1 - 139" title="A taxonomic revision of the southern African species of dauber bees in the genus Megachile Latreille (Apoidea: Megachilidae)." volume="3460" year="2012">Eardley (2012</bibRefCitation>
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: 26), who mentions that the lower clypeus is "densely pubescent (naked in very large specimens)". I have seen both morphs from the Arabian Peninsula but the limited material that I have seen from Israel were of the small morph, which corresponds to the description of
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<taxonomicName id="005276184EFDE68E7C46858D97408104" baseAuthorityName="Pasteels" baseAuthorityYear="1979" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="M." higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. esseniensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="esseniensis">
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<emphasis id="796E3CA2BE54867BD8F500C1687201B6" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">M. esseniensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. For now, I thus place
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<taxonomicName id="F9ACB93BB97477B9E617AE64B4CF4473" baseAuthorityName="Pasteels" baseAuthorityYear="1979" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="M." higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. esseniensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="esseniensis">
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<emphasis id="5E9C5543CD2271A277701851E72A3AEB" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">M. esseniensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as a junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="E786E5E80D211323654C591CC10F1B0C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="M." higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. maxillosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="maxillosa">
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<emphasis id="C4EA740774984EF5F3E0F2B20E8FD9A6" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">M. maxillosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(syn. n.), in line with the treatment of
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<taxonomicName id="1984DFA2B0FFBC4AF94DB010F7350A57" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="M." higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="M. maxillosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="maxillosa">
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<emphasis id="E41DA3D6A85BAA3674578B393AE32354" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">M. maxillosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in Africa, and consequently I recognize only one species in the Palearctic region.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D4A756F4023FABB89CC3EB4B45682AF4" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="biology_ecology">
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||
<paragraph id="3AC5C76906018EFEB5E7F60DFCD17197" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<pageBreakToken id="35C37209B99DD66B9771BA2E070142BD" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" start="start">Biology</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="222740DC3642AA757154DE3DB40569CD" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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Gess and Roosenschoon (2017) provide a description of the nesting biology of
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<taxonomicName id="D2296EA2B329692042F7D09B6F29F6A1" authorityName="Guerin-Meneville" authorityYear="1845" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megachile maxillosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" species="maxillosa">
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<emphasis id="CD1A7C9ECB6B10B3A5E896D582FD9346" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Megachile maxillosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the United Arab Emirates. Nests of this species were found in trap nests. Entire cells were built using a mixture of sand and resin and the completed nests were closed with a plug of sand and resin. According to
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<bibRefCitation id="DCFD5B7225BA22569404CDA72986EFC8" author="Gess, SK" journalOrPublisher="Albany Museum, Grahamstown" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" refId="B29" refString="Gess, SK, Gess, FW, 2003. A catalogue of flower visiting records for aculeate wasps and bees in the semi-arid to arid areas of southern Africa. Albany Museum, Grahamstown" title="A catalogue of flower visiting records for aculeate wasps and bees in the semi-arid to arid areas of southern Africa." year="2003">Gess and Gess (2003)</bibRefCitation>
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, the same species visits plants from various families but shows a preference for the
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<taxonomicName id="91DC1A686A0DFE04BA80B1FDEB648887" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Megachile" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
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, notably
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<taxonomicName id="C96AF2482D14E8656CACA402B051E9A5" class="Insecta" family="Megachilidae" genus="Crotalaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Crotalaria" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda">
|
||
<emphasis id="0CE7B412D189D1E849F4771B374EE578" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Crotalaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in South Africa and Namibia.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |