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<document id="E3EA69CF633BC9AEE390982128AE2A09" ID-DOI="10.50826/bnmnszool.48.3_119" ID-ISSN="2434-091X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12760044" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1721224709816" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Karaoğlan, Beliz Bahar, Yekedüz, Emre, Yazgan, Satı Coşkun, Mocan, Eda Eylemer, Köksoy, Elif Berna, Yaşar, Hatime Arzu, Şenler, Filiz Çay, Utkan, Güngör, Demirkazık, Ahmet, Akbulut, Hakan &amp; Ürün, Yüksel" docDate="2022" docId="A95B8783390AFFE6FF1DFC80FD3BC568" docLanguage="en" docName="BullNatlMusNatSciSerA.48.3.119-138.pdf" docOrigin="Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology (Zoology) 48 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1750743X.2024.2370231" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EEA6C589EB70DFF4CCECB2264A05AF4C.2:BullNatlMusNatSciSerA.2021-.journal_article.english.noindex" docStyleId="EEA6C589EB70DFF4CCECB2264A05AF4C" docStyleName="BullNatlMusNatSciSerA.2021-.journal_article.english.noindex" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Nipponaphaenops S. Ueno 1971" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="131" masterDocId="5562FFFB3906FFEAFFB7FFD5FFDBC705" masterDocTitle="Contribution to the Knowledge of the Rakantrechus Complex (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechini), with Description of a New Subgenus and a New Species of the Genus Nipponaphaenops S. Uéno, 1971 from Northwestern Shikoku, Western Japan" masterLastPageNumber="138" masterPageNumber="119" pageNumber="131" updateTime="1721225289731" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<heading id="7A0581F9390AFFE6FF1DFC80FDA4C468" box="[170,639,852,877]" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="131" reason="3">
Subgenus
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<emphasis id="1386EA87390AFFE6FEAFFC81FE3BC469" bold="true" box="[280,480,852,876]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">Nipponaphaenops</emphasis>
S.
<bibRefCitation id="45634B64390AFFE6FDB4FC80FDA4C468" author="Ueno, S. - I." box="[515,639,853,877]" pageId="12" pageNumber="131" pagination="451 - 462" refId="ref13267" refString="Ueno, S. - I. 1971. Occurrence of an aphaenopsoid trechine beetle in Japan. Annales de speleologie 26: 451 - 462." type="journal article" year="1971">Uéno, 1971</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="1386EA87390AFFE6FF10FC58FE47C4A0" box="[167,412,909,933]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">Diagnostic characters.</emphasis>
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As far as known from the
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species, this subgenus is different from another subgenus in the following character states; larger (
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); head more macrocephalic (
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/
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<specimenCode id="71549EEE390AFFE6FE74FBC2FE2FC32A" box="[451,500,1047,1071]" collectionCode="PW" country="Thailand" name="Paleontological Collections" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">1.27</specimenCode>
,
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/
<specimenCode id="71549EEE390AFFE6FD9AFBC2FD55C32A" box="[557,654,1047,1071]" collectionCode="PL" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" pageId="12" pageNumber="131" type="Museum">HL 1.08</specimenCode>
<specimenCode id="71549EEE390AFFE6FF3BFBEFFF65C357" box="[140,190,1082,1106]" collectionCode="PL" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" pageId="12" pageNumber="131" type="Museum">1.20</specimenCode>
), more elongate (
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/HL 0.760.84); frontal furrows abbreviated posteriorly; tempora to genae only with a genal seta; penultimate labial palpomere about 1.15 times longer than ultimate one, with two subapical setae on the external face of the former reduced in size (
<figureCitation id="B9C92A10390AFFE6FE6FFB32FDFCC3FA" box="[472,551,1255,1279]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[163,196,919,941]" captionTargetBox="[177,1199,214,885]" captionTargetId="figure-331@4.[176,1200,213,886]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Right mandible in dorsal view (ai) and labial (right) and maxillary (left) palpi in ventral view (jp).—a, Chaetotrechiama procerus S. Uéno; b, Rakantrechus (Paratrechiama) sp. (nomurai group from Shikoku); c &amp; l, R. (Iyotrechus) hisamatsui (S. Uéno et Naitô) comb. nov.; d &amp; m, R. (Uozumitrechus) sp.; e, R. (Pilosotrechiama) mirabilis S. Uéno; f &amp; k, R. (Izushites) sp.; g &amp; j, R. (Rakantrechus) kawasawai S. Uéno; h &amp; o, Nipponaphaenops (N.) erraticus S. Uéno; i &amp; n, N. (Tanakaphaenops) kojii subgen. et sp. nov.; p, Trechiama pluto S. Uéno (this species is unique in having trisetose penultimate labial palpomere in the Trechiama Series)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12760048" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12760048/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">Fig. 1o</figureCitation>
); antennae longer, slenderer, more than a half longer than elytra; pronotum with hind angles with acute denticle produced posteriad; posterior latero-marginal setae of pronotum absent; elytra more elongate (
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/
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<specimenCode id="71549EEE390AFFE6FE38FA41FE64C2A9" box="[399,447,1428,1452]" collectionCode="EL" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">1.57</specimenCode>
), with longer prehumeral borders more arcuately sinuate; pore 1 of the marginal umbilicate series of elytra closer to marginal gutter and more distant from elytral base (U1 17.218.8), pore 4 of the series more distant from elytral base (U4 33.636.1); elytral discal seta of the external series more inwardly (in interval 4), more anteriorly (basal 6/1110/17) positioned; legs longer and slenderer; ventrites 46 each with two or three pairs of paramedian setae (
<figureCitation id="B9C92A10390AFFE6FF67F93AFEC2C002" box="[208,281,1775,1799]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[163,196,1055,1077]" captionTargetBox="[177,1198,214,1020]" captionTargetId="figure-238@5.[176,1199,213,1021]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 2. Labium (ae), prosternum (f), and female abdominal sterna (setae on metasternum and metacoxae are omitted).—a &amp; j, Rakantrechus (Uozumitrechus) sp.; b &amp; h, R. (Rakantrechus) kawasawai S. Uéno; c &amp; m, R. (Iyotrechus) hisamatsui (S. Uéno et Naitô) comb. nov.; d, R. (Paratrechiama) sp. (nomurai group from Shikoku); e &amp; k, Nipponaphaenops (Tanakaphaenops) kojii subgen. et sp. nov; fg, R. (Pilosotrechiama) peninsularis S. Uéno et Naitô; i, R. (Izushites) sp.; l, N. (N.) erraticus S. Uéno; n, Kusumia takahasii S. Uéno." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12760050" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12760050/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">Fig. 2l</figureCitation>
)
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.
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<paragraph id="214D3695390AFFE6FD6AFF0DFBA9C500" blockId="12.[707,1236,215,621]" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">
<emphasis id="1386EA87390AFFE6FD6AFF0DFC41C7EA" box="[733,922,216,239]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">Taxonomic notes.</emphasis>
This subgenus is presently monotypic. One of the diagnostic characters of this subgenus, posteriorly abbreviated frontal furrows, makes the
<typeStatus id="FE498837390AFFE6FC3BFE95FC61C65D" box="[908,954,320,344]" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">type</typeStatus>
species, in combination with the so-called aphaenopsian body form, a unique truly aphaenopsian representative within the members of the
<taxonomicName id="E6F24D16390AFFE6FC2FFE72FBBCC6BA" authority="Phyletic" authorityName="Phyletic" box="[920,1127,423,447]" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Trechiama" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1386EA87390AFFE6FC2FFE72FBD2C6BA" box="[920,1033,423,447]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">Trechiama</emphasis>
Phyletic
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Series, as far as the currently included members of the series are considered (
<bibRefCitation id="45634B64390AFFE6FC18FE38FBEBC500" author="Ueno, S. - I." box="[943,1072,493,517]" pageId="12" pageNumber="131" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref13334" refString="Ueno, S. - I. 1978. The cave trechines of the genus Allotrechiama (Coleoptera, Trechinae). Journal of the Speleological Society of Japan 3: 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1978">Uéno, 1978</bibRefCitation>
, p. 9).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="1386EA87390AFFE6FD6AFDDAFC70C522" box="[733,939,527,551]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">Geographic range.</emphasis>
Ohnogahara Karst, west-central area of Shikoku, southwestern
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(
<figureCitation id="B9C92A10390AFFE6FB1EFDE7FD08C568" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="16.[163,196,1601,1623]" captionTargetBox="[157,1217,605,1567]" captionTargetId="figure-172@16.[157,1218,605,1568]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="Fig. 7. Map showing the distribution of the Rakantrechus Complex (in part) and anophthalmic species of the genus Trechiama in western Japan.—Light green square, Rakantrechus (s. str.); orange square, R. (Izushites); green circle, R. (Iyotrechus); yellow circle, R. (Pilosotrechiama); green triangle, Nipponaphaenops (s. str.); blue open triangle, N. (Tanakaphaenops) subgen. nov.; purple obtriangle, Ishikawatrechus; large purple circle, anophthalmic Trechiama species.—An, the type locality of Ishikawatrechus annulus Sugaya et Hara; Tk, the type locality of Nipponaphaenops (Tanakaphaenops) kojii sugen. et sp. nov. The course of the Hôyo River in the Last Glacial Maximum was drawn according to Kuwashiro (1959)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12760060" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12760060/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="131">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
).
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