477 lines
60 KiB
XML
477 lines
60 KiB
XML
<document id="D2755509EF8E3FE4882BF565DBDC850F" ID-CLB-Dataset="20272" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5115.1.10" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fa2ba425-7064-4782-9103-1a186edc8fd2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6346008" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1646988314999" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Menchetti, Mattia, Schifani, Enrico, Gentile, Vincenzo & Vila, Roger" docDate="2022" docId="03C35D125500FFF0FF64FA22FC1ADD46" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5115.1.10.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5115 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Brachyponera chinensis" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="147" masterDocId="FFFA256A5500FFF1FFA3FF83FFA6DA45" masterDocTitle="The worrying arrival of the invasive Asian needle ant Brachyponera chinensis in Europe (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="150" masterPageNumber="146" pageNumber="146" updateTime="1699317811882" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
|
<mods:mods id="51CD0622E89AD0C1AD4A0BE0472AC493" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="2E71E77D6A0801108FEC408357293DD1">
|
|
<mods:title id="9057237F519FC6250848D903E92F358B">The worrying arrival of the invasive Asian needle ant Brachyponera chinensis in Europe (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:name id="051040CB09EFED264DE092C4A6985F8C" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="134DF7449E60E5694F2EED85DF0BB32F">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="99C484D4D5D0D175A3E16720A1CEADE0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="B27B13DC49A2352A20D93DC856EE16AE">Menchetti, Mattia</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:affiliation id="31A8665997443AAC1739C3938595ED28">Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37 - 49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.</mods:affiliation>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="BDBA8228BA7E52F752342B3A28E26D1B" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="EC468BF9572CEA56F97AFB55F10AF7F9">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="C5DB57C8391904199861027F12A243E6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="90FD7706992BD43AAC33BC2FD25767CF">Schifani, Enrico</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CAC9B5B7C71FD8DB463F932ACF713AFB" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0684-6229</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
<mods:affiliation id="C20A0930AF6988C1808C53DF2BE805F0">Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 11 / A, 43124 Parma, Italy. enrsc 8 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0684 - 6229</mods:affiliation>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5FBBEC44550F6741BE5B6E1114F1B1AA" type="email">enrsc8@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="46370601BF94313FF3C65A96DB2E7981" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="969EC1530D38E2317A3C972BBE0AA32E">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="5A2D2D2B522C8341499B2F7FC9DBE7D1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="C39015FCAD881214C81FB80CACC807F5">Gentile, Vincenzo</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:affiliation id="3A68CAB2850F4FBEC587F46532AA7BD9">C. so Umberto I, 301, Torre Annunziata 80058 Naples, Italy</mods:affiliation>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="698F6877291CF3E9A0071FF32C455098" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="56D5D9E03A46934A03F3F56AE2A909E8">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="E141EF5F0A8E83CE31411E62DB92CF87">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="E10D1813DC202C353445A9CEA0084494">Vila, Roger</mods:namePart>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8AE74B4B501077F7094585596AAB266C" type="ORCID">0000-0002-2447-4388</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
<mods:affiliation id="A637A4618F859BA234D2BACE1F6537CA">Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37 - 49, 08003 Barcelona, Spain. & roger. vila @ csic. es; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2447 - 4388</mods:affiliation>
|
|
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9C6C0BB8BA44F122F4F7601AB2660C39" type="email">roger.vila@csic.es</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource id="65900908ED93768ED1B3BD9530A9FF22">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|
<mods:relatedItem id="DCA58445C6DB6577FD512B89F06E00F8" type="host">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="1494CBBC9D846BCEA7848D430C5CEC5F">
|
|
<mods:title id="DCA5AF4ACFF94AE120731D14303CC440">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:part id="C1CBE1BD67CB04026B027207EA849328">
|
|
<mods:date id="80411ABC095945D8A81345412A19A36C">2022</mods:date>
|
|
<mods:detail id="073DA4CF9B828077968B824B4C076EEF" type="pubDate">
|
|
<mods:number id="E6B71C68543AE1A43E4F9ABC211DF47B">2022-03-11</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:detail id="3D8925FADF147E05BE89EAF89F931811" type="volume">
|
|
<mods:number id="046ECA85230C170B21EA3B0A893F52A8">5115</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:detail id="E099FB26C52E40D70DBB0BCA2B013D29" type="issue">
|
|
<mods:number id="7EEA7592E5E3267A1AE86DC67E5771B9">1</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:extent id="D708E485BEF6CE32AA6494BA624AD594" unit="page">
|
|
<mods:start id="9BD8A090B8AE8AA4108C377455339CFF">146</mods:start>
|
|
<mods:end id="8D1FE6D4447F3925055F117D14F4422E">150</mods:end>
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|
<mods:classification id="5443B48B4C32088D61C188EACFAB3709">journal article</mods:classification>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="147CB7734C8AC735541690171B08513E" type="CLB-Dataset">20272</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="DCEBEC7B42C5220F60E3584CBCB6CF0A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5115.1.10</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="B95F974A6C81D1FBB65B4F7C6A8D5A9A" type="GBIF-Dataset">fa2ba425-7064-4782-9103-1a186edc8fd2</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="34C5367679D76FD093E9309B0D85A0FD" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="BE91F98A39C48AB2C92CA34DBE86E8FE" type="Zenodo-Dep">6346008</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="8A940734F932A7AF99F804DAA8A7956B" type="ZooBank">C87A18C5-F8ED-4095-B856-85A3F0518AFB</mods:identifier>
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|
<treatment id="03C35D125500FFF0FF64FA22FC1ADD46" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6347130" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193941128" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6347130" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C35D125500FFF0FF64FA22FC1ADD46" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C35D125500FFF0FF64FA22FC1ADD46" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="147" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">
|
|
<subSubSection id="C370BF8F5500FFF1FF64FA22FE6DDFFC" box="[199,459,1441,1465]" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD5EC045500FFF1FF64FA22FE6DDFFC" blockId="0.[151,1437,793,2042]" box="[199,459,1441,1465]" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875500FFF1FF64FA22FE6DDFFC" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[199,459,1441,1465]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165500FFF1FF64FA22FE6DDFFC" box="[199,459,1441,1465]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">Brachyponera chinensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C370BF8F5500FFF1FE77FA22FB3EDC9C" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD5EC045500FFF1FE77FA22FC80DC28" blockId="0.[151,1437,793,2042]" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">
|
|
is considered a taxonomically challenging species, and past confusion over its distinction from congeneric species still hinders a full understanding of its distribution in Asia (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55500FFF1FBB2FA46FB4FDF98" author="Guenard, B. & Wetterer, J. K. & MacGown, J. A." box="[1041,1257,1477,1501]" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" pagination="649 - 656" refId="ref2835" refString="Guenard, B., Wetterer, J. K. & MacGown, J. A. (2018) Global and temporal spread of a taxonomically challenging invasive ant, Brachyponera chinensis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Florida Entomologist, 101, 649 - 656. https: // doi. org / 10.1653 / 024.101.0402" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
|
Guénard
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165500FFF1FBD7FA45FB0CDF98" box="[1140,1194,1477,1501]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2018
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). It is considered to be part of an unresolved species complex, characterized by high intraspecific morphological variation (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55500FFF1FAA3FA6AFA3EDC44" author="Yamane, S." box="[1280,1432,1513,1537]" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" pagination="650 - 663" refId="ref3859" refString="Yamane, S. (2007) Pachycondyla nigrita and related species in Southeast Asia. In: Snelling, R. R., Fisher, B. L. & Ward, P. S. (Eds.), Advances in ant systematics (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): homage to E. O. Wilson - 50 years of contributions. American Entomological Institute, Gainesville, Florida, pp. 650 - 663." type="book chapter" year="2007">Yamane 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55500FFF1FF34F98EFEC3DC60" author="Yashiro, T. & Matsuura, K. & Guenard, B. & Terayama, M. & Dunn, R. R." box="[151,357,1549,1573]" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" pagination="39 - 50" refId="ref3939" refString="Yashiro, T., Matsuura, K., Guenard, B., Terayama, M. & Dunn, R. R. (2010) On the evolution of the species complex Pachycondyla chinensis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae), including the origin of its invasive form and description of a new species. Zootaxa, 2685 (1), 39 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2685.1.3" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
|
Yashiro
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165500FFF1FF4CF98DFE83DC60" box="[239,293,1549,1573]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2010
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). The revision carried out by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55500FFF1FD39F98EFCDEDC60" author="Yashiro, T. & Matsuura, K. & Guenard, B. & Terayama, M. & Dunn, R. R." box="[666,888,1549,1573]" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" pagination="39 - 50" refId="ref3939" refString="Yashiro, T., Matsuura, K., Guenard, B., Terayama, M. & Dunn, R. R. (2010) On the evolution of the species complex Pachycondyla chinensis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae), including the origin of its invasive form and description of a new species. Zootaxa, 2685 (1), 39 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2685.1.3" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
|
Yashiro
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165500FFF1FD51F98DFC8EDC60" box="[754,808,1549,1573]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2010)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, mainly based on Japanese and Taiwanese material, distinguished three species using molecular and morphological data:
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875500FFF1FCDDF9B1FC59DC0C" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[894,1023,1585,1609]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165500FFF1FCDDF9B1FC59DC0C" box="[894,1023,1585,1609]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">B. chinensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875500FFF1FBADF9B1FACCDC0C" authority="Yashiro et al., 2010" authorityName="Yashiro" authorityYear="2010" box="[1038,1386,1585,1609]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nakasujii">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165500FFF1FBADF9B1FB28DC0C" box="[1038,1166,1585,1609]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">B. nakasujii</emphasis>
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55500FFF1FB36F9B2FACCDC0C" author="Yashiro, T. & Matsuura, K. & Guenard, B. & Terayama, M. & Dunn, R. R." box="[1173,1386,1585,1609]" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" pagination="39 - 50" refId="ref3939" refString="Yashiro, T., Matsuura, K., Guenard, B., Terayama, M. & Dunn, R. R. (2010) On the evolution of the species complex Pachycondyla chinensis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae), including the origin of its invasive form and description of a new species. Zootaxa, 2685 (1), 39 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2685.1.3" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
|
Yashiro
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165500FFF1FB4DF9B1FA83DC0C" box="[1262,1317,1585,1609]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
, 2010
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875500FFF1FF34F9D5FE38DC28" authority="(Mayr, 1862)" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[151,414,1621,1645]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteipes">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165500FFF1FF34F9D5FEAEDC28" box="[151,264,1621,1645]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">B. luteipes</emphasis>
|
|
(Mayr, 1862)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, whose ranges considerably overlap.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD5EC045500FFF1FF64F9FAFB3EDC9C" blockId="0.[151,1437,793,2042]" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">
|
|
Regarding Europe, the only existing record is a reported interception in
|
|
<collectingRegion id="49AE22E65500FFF1FC1DF9FAFB84DCD4" box="[958,1058,1657,1681]" country="Germany" name="Hamburg" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">Hamburg</collectingRegion>
|
|
(
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F37DAC945500FFF1FB8CF9FAFB3EDCD4" box="[1071,1176,1657,1681]" name="Germany" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
|
), on plants shipped from
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F37DAC945500FFF1FF34F91DFF70DCF0" box="[151,214,1694,1717]" name="Japan" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
|
, which dates back to the year 1900 (reported as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875500FFF1FD7EF91DFC2ADCF0" box="[733,908,1693,1717]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Ponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solitaria">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165500FFF1FD7EF91DFC2ADCF0" box="[733,908,1693,1717]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">Ponera solitaria</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55500FFF1FC15F91EFBEEDCF0" author="Forel, A." box="[950,1096,1693,1717]" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" pagination="267 - 287" refId="ref2667" refString="Forel, A. (1900) Fourmis du Japon. Nids en toile. Strongylognathus Huberi et voisins. Fourmiliere triple. Cyphomyrmex wheeleri. Fourmis importees. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 10, 267 - 287." type="journal article" year="1900">Forel (1900))</bibRefCitation>
|
|
. However, given the taxonomic confusion reigning at that time, the identity of the species recorded by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55500FFF1FC2BF942FBA9DC9C" author="Forel, A." box="[904,1039,1729,1753]" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" pagination="267 - 287" refId="ref2667" refString="Forel, A. (1900) Fourmis du Japon. Nids en toile. Strongylognathus Huberi et voisins. Fourmiliere triple. Cyphomyrmex wheeleri. Fourmis importees. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 10, 267 - 287." type="journal article" year="1900">Forel (1900)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
is uncertain.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C370BF8F5500FFF1FF64F965FA9EDDF4" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD5EC045500FFF1FF64F965FA9EDDF4" blockId="0.[151,1437,793,2042]" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">
|
|
In this paper, we present the first confirmed record of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875500FFF1FCA8F965FC2ADCB8" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[779,908,1765,1789]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165500FFF1FCA8F965FC2ADCB8" box="[779,908,1765,1789]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">B. chinensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
for Europe, initially suggested by morphological characteristics, and then confirmed by genetic analysis (DNA barcoding).
|
|
<materialsCitation id="3B02E6595500FFF1FC0CF88AFA9EDDF4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3699973301" accessionNumber="OM604749" collectionCode="CSIC-UPF" collectorName="VG" country="Italy" elevation="0" latitude="40.758823" location="Torre Annunziata" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="14.434152" municipality="Naples" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" specimenCode="MM21B056a1" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
|
A single specimen of an unidentified
|
|
<specimenCount id="9D6C278D5500FFF1FA9CF88AFAD5DD64" box="[1343,1395,1801,1825]" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" type="male">male</specimenCount>
|
|
belonging to the genus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875500FFF1FED6F8AEFDA8DD00" box="[373,526,1837,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165500FFF1FED6F8AEFDA8DD00" box="[373,526,1837,1861]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">Brachyponera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
was collected while attracted to a streetlight on the 3rd of
|
|
<date id="FFD4CAC45500FFF1FBD8F8AEFB44DD00" box="[1147,1250,1837,1861]" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" value="2020-07">July 2020</date>
|
|
by one of the authors (
|
|
<collectorName id="269F89D25500FFF1FF79F8D2FEA5DD2C" box="[218,259,1873,1897]" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">VG</collectorName>
|
|
) in
|
|
<location id="8EB5BADF5500FFF1FE8FF8D1FE43DD2C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C35D125500FFF0FF64FA22FC1ADD46:8EB5BADF5500FFF1FE8FF8D1FE43DD2C" box="[300,485,1873,1897]" country="Italy" county="Barcelona" latitude="40.758823" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="14.434152" municipality="Naples" name="Torre Annunziata" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">Torre Annunziata</location>
|
|
(
|
|
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB1767E5500FFF1FE50F8D2FDE7DD2C" box="[499,577,1873,1897]" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">Naples</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
,
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F37DAC945500FFF1FDE8F8D2FD26DD2C" box="[587,640,1873,1897]" name="Italy" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
|
), in a residential area about
|
|
<locationDeviation id="9A67F5265500FFF1FC0AF8D2FBBFDD2C" box="[937,1049,1873,1897]" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">1 km from</locationDeviation>
|
|
the
|
|
<location id="8EB5BADF5500FFF1FBE5F8D1FB71DD2C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C35D125500FFF0FF64FA22FC1ADD46:8EB5BADF5500FFF1FBE5F8D1FB71DD2C" box="[1094,1239,1873,1897]" country="Italy" latitude="40.758823" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="14.434152" municipality="Naples" name="town harbour" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">town harbour</location>
|
|
, at the coordinates
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E8AC35500FFF1FF34F8F6FEADDDC8" box="[151,267,1909,1933]" degrees="40.758824" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" precision="1" value="40.758823">40.758824</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="EE5E8AC35500FFF1FEB4F8F6FE2EDDC8" box="[279,392,1909,1933]" degrees="14.434152" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" precision="1" value="14.434152">14.434152</geoCoordinate>
|
|
(uncertainty ±
|
|
<quantity id="4C9241E15500FFF1FD84F8F6FDF9DDC8" box="[551,607,1909,1933]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
|
|
, 32 m a.s.l.). The specimen is stored at the Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab, Institute of Evolutionary Biology (
|
|
<collectionCode id="ED7B74C15500FFF1FD9CF81AFD1EDDF4" box="[575,696,1945,1969]" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">CSIC-UPF</collectionCode>
|
|
) (Barcelona, Spain) under the voucher code
|
|
<specimenCode id="DBCC447F5500FFF1FB37F81AFA9EDDF4" box="[1172,1336,1945,1969]" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">MM21B056a1.</specimenCode>
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C370BF8F5500FFF0FF64F83EFABDDB5E" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="147" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD5EC045500FFF0FF64F83EFABDDB5E" blockId="0.[151,1437,793,2042]" lastBlockId="1.[151,1437,151,1796]" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="147" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">
|
|
A first morphological investigation revealed that the specimen differed from any native Euro-Mediterranean ponerine genera and matched
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875500FFF1FED9F862FDB5DDBC" box="[378,531,2017,2041]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="146" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165500FFF1FED9F862FDB5DDBC" box="[378,531,2017,2041]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="146">Brachyponera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
instead by features such as the ventral cuticular processes of the metasternum and petiole (
|
|
<figureCitation id="1351F0815501FFF0FF4EFF14FEF3DAF5" box="[237,341,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox="[161,1428,183,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-18@2.[160,1428,181,1773]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Lateral view (a), frontal view of the head (b) and a close-up lateral view of the petiole (c) of the specimen of Brachyponera chinensis collected and sequenced. d) Neighbour-joining tree based on mitochondrial COI sequences, the new record is indicated with a star, bootstrap values above 75 are shown on the branches and the species names, countries and Gen- Bank accession numbers are indicated in the tip labels; e) Haplotype network of B. chinensis COI sequences, colours indicate the sample origin and sizes of the circles the number of samples." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6346010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6346010/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">Figure 1c</figureCitation>
|
|
). Moreover, the male specimen corresponded to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875501FFF0FCF9FF1BFC7CDAEA" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[858,986,151,175]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FCF9FF1BFC7CDAEA" box="[858,986,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">B. chinensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by its light coloration and mandible shape (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FF3DFF38FED4DA91" author="Yashiro, T. & Matsuura, K. & Guenard, B. & Terayama, M. & Dunn, R. R." box="[158,370,187,212]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" pagination="39 - 50" refId="ref3939" refString="Yashiro, T., Matsuura, K., Guenard, B., Terayama, M. & Dunn, R. R. (2010) On the evolution of the species complex Pachycondyla chinensis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae), including the origin of its invasive form and description of a new species. Zootaxa, 2685 (1), 39 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2685.1.3" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
|
Yashiro
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FF59FF3FFE97DA96" box="[250,305,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2010
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). However, like in most ant genera,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875501FFF0FD59FF38FC35DA96" box="[762,915,187,211]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FD59FF38FC35DA96" box="[762,915,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">Brachyponera</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
taxonomy is mostly based on workers, with detailed male-based keys missing and males are undescribed for at least half of its 23 described species (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FB71FF5CFAFBDABD" author="Bolton, B." box="[1234,1373,223,248]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" refId="ref2383" refString="Bolton, B. (2022) An online catalog of the ants of the world. Available from: https: // antcat. org (accessed 20 February 2022)" type="url" year="2022">Bolton 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). As a result, an accurate and definitive identification on the basis of morphological features only was not possible.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C370BF8F5501FFF0FF64FEABFAAED825" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD5EC045501FFF0FF64FEABFAAED825" blockId="1.[151,1437,151,1796]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">
|
|
<location id="8EB5BADF5501FFF0FF64FEABFF5FDB7A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C35D125500FFF0FF64FA22FC1ADD46:8EB5BADF5501FFF0FF64FEABFF5FDB7A" box="[199,249,296,319]" county="GenBank" municipality="International Barcode of Life" name="Four" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">Four</location>
|
|
legs of the specimen were removed for genetic analysis and sent to the
|
|
<collectingMunicipality id="6BB1767E5501FFF0FBAEFEA4FAEFDB7A" box="[1037,1353,295,319]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">International Barcode of Life</collectingMunicipality>
|
|
project (iBOL) (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FF56FEC8FE70DB21" author="deWaard, J. R. & Ivanova, N. V. & Hajibabaei, M. & Hebert, P. D. N." box="[245,470,331,356]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" pagination="275 - 294" refId="ref2502" refString="deWaard, J. R., Ivanova, N. V., Hajibabaei, M. & Hebert, P. D. N. (2008) Assembling DNA barcodes. In: Cristofre, M. (Eds.), Methods in molecular biology: environmental genetics. Humana Press, Totowa, New Jersey, pp. 275 - 294." type="book chapter" year="2008">
|
|
deWaard
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FEFEFECFFE33DB26" box="[349,405,331,355]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2008
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). A DNA-barcoding (mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I,
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FB58FECFFA8FDB26" box="[1275,1321,332,355]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">COI</emphasis>
|
|
) sequence of 658 bp was obtained using the primers LepF1 and LepR1 (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FC9BFEECFBB1DBCD" author="deWaard, J. R. & Ivanova, N. V. & Hajibabaei, M. & Hebert, P. D. N." box="[824,1047,367,392]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" pagination="275 - 294" refId="ref2502" refString="deWaard, J. R., Ivanova, N. V., Hajibabaei, M. & Hebert, P. D. N. (2008) Assembling DNA barcodes. In: Cristofre, M. (Eds.), Methods in molecular biology: environmental genetics. Humana Press, Totowa, New Jersey, pp. 275 - 294." type="book chapter" year="2008">
|
|
deWaard
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FC02FEF3FC7EDBC2" box="[929,984,367,391]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2008
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) and submitted to
|
|
<collectingCounty id="62B494885501FFF0FB47FEECFAEFDBC2" box="[1252,1353,367,391]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">GenBank</collectingCounty>
|
|
(accession number
|
|
<accessionNumber id="943971E75501FFF0FE89FE10FE0CDBEE" box="[298,426,403,427]" httpUri="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/OM604749" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" type="GenBank">OM604749</accessionNumber>
|
|
). For the genetic identification, we retrieved a total of 17 sequences of five
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875501FFF0FAA7FE10FF42DB8A" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FAA7FE10FA3BDBEE" box="[1284,1437,403,427]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">Brachyponera</emphasis>
|
|
species
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from GenBank:
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875501FFF0FE3CFE3BFD87DB8A" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[415,545,439,463]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FE3CFE3BFD87DB8A" box="[415,545,439,463]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">B. chinensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(accession numbers
|
|
<accessionNumber id="943971E75501FFF0FCA4FE34FC26DB8A" box="[775,896,439,463]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GQ264540" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">GQ264540</accessionNumber>
|
|
,
|
|
<accessionNumber id="943971E75501FFF0FC2EFE34FBA0DB8A" box="[909,1030,439,463]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GQ264547" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">GQ264547</accessionNumber>
|
|
,
|
|
<accessionNumber id="943971E75501FFF0FBB0FE34FB2ADB8A" box="[1043,1164,439,463]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GQ264550" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">GQ264550</accessionNumber>
|
|
,
|
|
<accessionNumber id="943971E75501FFF0FB3AFE34FAB4DB8A" box="[1177,1298,439,463]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GQ264554" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">GQ264554</accessionNumber>
|
|
,
|
|
<accessionNumber id="943971E75501FFF0FABCFE34FA3FDB8A" box="[1311,1433,439,463]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GQ264561" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">GQ264561</accessionNumber>
|
|
,
|
|
<accessionNumber id="943971E75501FFF0FF34FE58FEB6DBB6" box="[151,272,475,499]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GQ264562" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">GQ264562</accessionNumber>
|
|
,
|
|
<accessionNumber id="943971E75501FFF0FEBFFE58FE33DBB6" box="[284,405,475,499]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GQ264565" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">GQ264565</accessionNumber>
|
|
,
|
|
<accessionNumber id="943971E75501FFF0FE03FE58FDBFDBB6" box="[416,537,475,499]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GQ264566" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">GQ264566</accessionNumber>
|
|
,
|
|
<accessionNumber id="943971E75501FFF0FD86FE58FD3ADBB6" box="[549,668,475,499]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GQ264570" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">GQ264570</accessionNumber>
|
|
from
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FD7EFE58FC0EDBB1" author="Yashiro, T. & Matsuura, K. & Guenard, B. & Terayama, M. & Dunn, R. R." box="[733,936,475,500]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" pagination="39 - 50" refId="ref3939" refString="Yashiro, T., Matsuura, K., Guenard, B., Terayama, M. & Dunn, R. R. (2010) On the evolution of the species complex Pachycondyla chinensis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae), including the origin of its invasive form and description of a new species. Zootaxa, 2685 (1), 39 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2685.1.3" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
|
Yashiro
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FC95FE5FFCCADBB6" box="[822,876,475,499]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2010
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
and
|
|
<accessionNumber id="943971E75501FFF0FC7EFE58FBFEDBB6" box="[989,1112,475,499]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MT800254" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">MT800254</accessionNumber>
|
|
,
|
|
<accessionNumber id="943971E75501FFF0FBC0FE58FB78DBB6" box="[1123,1246,475,499]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MT800255" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">MT800255</accessionNumber>
|
|
,
|
|
<accessionNumber id="943971E75501FFF0FB4AFE58FAC7DBB6" box="[1257,1377,475,499]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MT800256" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">MT800256</accessionNumber>
|
|
from
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FF34FE7CFEE6D85D" author="Park, S. & Noh, P. & Kang, J. - Y." box="[151,320,511,536]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" pagination="52 - 57" refId="ref3183" refString="Park, S., Noh, P. & Kang, J. - Y. (2020) Endosymbionts and Phage WO Infections in Korean ant Species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Proceedings of NIE, 1, 52 - 57. https: // doi. org / 10.22920 / PNIE. 2020.1.1.52" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
|
Park
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FF6EFD83FEA4D852" box="[205,258,511,535]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2020
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875501FFF0FEF2FE7CFD72D852" authority="(Mayr, 1862)" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1862" box="[337,724,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteipes">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FEF2FE7CFDE4D852" box="[337,578,511,535]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">Brachyponera luteipes</emphasis>
|
|
(Mayr, 1862)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(a.n.
|
|
<accessionNumber id="943971E75501FFF0FCAEFE7CFC21D852" box="[781,903,511,535]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GQ264575" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">GQ264575</accessionNumber>
|
|
,
|
|
<accessionNumber id="943971E75501FFF0FC33FE7CFBAFD852" box="[912,1033,511,535]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GQ264582" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">GQ264582</accessionNumber>
|
|
,
|
|
<accessionNumber id="943971E75501FFF0FBB0FE7CFB2FD852" box="[1043,1161,511,535]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GQ264583" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">GQ264583</accessionNumber>
|
|
from
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FB64FE7CFA36D85D" author="Yashiro, T. & Matsuura, K. & Guenard, B. & Terayama, M. & Dunn, R. R." box="[1223,1424,511,536]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" pagination="39 - 50" refId="ref3939" refString="Yashiro, T., Matsuura, K., Guenard, B., Terayama, M. & Dunn, R. R. (2010) On the evolution of the species complex Pachycondyla chinensis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae), including the origin of its invasive form and description of a new species. Zootaxa, 2685 (1), 39 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2685.1.3" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
|
Yashiro
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FABDFD83FAF4D852" box="[1310,1362,511,535]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2010
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875501FFF0FF34FDA7FEB1D87E" box="[151,279,547,571]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nakasujii">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FF34FDA7FEB1D87E" box="[151,279,547,571]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">B. nakasujii</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(a.n.
|
|
<accessionNumber id="943971E75501FFF0FEF6FDA0FE6DD87E" box="[341,459,547,571]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GQ264583" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">GQ264583</accessionNumber>
|
|
from
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FDAFFDA0FD7DD879" author="Yashiro, T. & Matsuura, K. & Guenard, B. & Terayama, M. & Dunn, R. R." box="[524,731,547,572]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" pagination="39 - 50" refId="ref3939" refString="Yashiro, T., Matsuura, K., Guenard, B., Terayama, M. & Dunn, R. R. (2010) On the evolution of the species complex Pachycondyla chinensis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae), including the origin of its invasive form and description of a new species. Zootaxa, 2685 (1), 39 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2685.1.3" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
|
Yashiro
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FDC6FDA7FD3DD87E" box="[613,667,547,571]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2010
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
),
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875501FFF0FD4DFDA0FBDED87E" authority="(Emery, 1895)" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[750,1144,547,572]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrita">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FD4DFDA0FC70D87E" box="[750,982,547,571]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">Brachyponera nigrita</emphasis>
|
|
(Emery, 1895)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(a.n.
|
|
<accessionNumber id="943971E75501FFF0FB16FDA0FA8DD87E" box="[1205,1323,547,571]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GQ264596" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">GQ264596</accessionNumber>
|
|
from
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FACEFDA7FE9AD825" author="Yashiro, T. & Matsuura, K. & Guenard, B. & Terayama, M. & Dunn, R. R." pageId="1" pageNumber="147" pagination="39 - 50" refId="ref3939" refString="Yashiro, T., Matsuura, K., Guenard, B., Terayama, M. & Dunn, R. R. (2010) On the evolution of the species complex Pachycondyla chinensis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae), including the origin of its invasive form and description of a new species. Zootaxa, 2685 (1), 39 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2685.1.3" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
|
Yashiro
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FF6AFDCBFF59D81A" box="[201,255,583,607]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2010
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875501FFF0FED4FDC4FC8CD81A" authority="(Walker, 1859)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[375,810,583,607]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscurans">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FED4FDC4FD22D81A" box="[375,644,583,607]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">Brachyponera obscurans</emphasis>
|
|
(Walker, 1859)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(a.n.
|
|
<accessionNumber id="943971E75501FFF0FCC4FDC4FC70D81A" box="[871,982,583,607]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/EF609925" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">EF609925</accessionNumber>
|
|
from
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FBB4FDC4FB5AD825" author="Smith, M. A. & Fisher, B. L." box="[1047,1276,583,608]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref3704" refString="Smith, M. A. & Fisher, B. L. (2009) Invasions, DNA barcodes, and rapid biodiversity assessment using ants of Mauritius. Frontiers in Zoology, 6, 1 - 12. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / 1742 - 9994 - 6 - 31" type="journal article" year="2009">Smith & Fisher 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="C370BF8F5501FFF0FF64FDEFFC1ADD46" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" type="discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD5EC045501FFF0FF64FDEFFEE3D919" blockId="1.[151,1437,151,1796]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">
|
|
Sequences were edited and aligned with Geneious
|
|
<date id="FFD4CAC45501FFF0FD49FDEFFCE1D8C1" box="[746,839,620,644]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" value="2020-02-04">
|
|
<collectingDate id="EF90332C5501FFF0FD49FDEFFCE1D8C1" box="[746,839,620,644]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" value="2020-02-04">2020.2.4</collectingDate>
|
|
</date>
|
|
(www.geneious.com) and a neighbour-joining tree was built with the same program, using
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FDB0FD13FCB5D8E2" box="[531,787,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">Ectomomyrmex javanus</emphasis>
|
|
Mayr, 1867 as outgroup (a.n.
|
|
<accessionNumber id="943971E75501FFF0FBF4FD0CFB6BD8E2" box="[1111,1229,655,679]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GQ264573" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">GQ264573</accessionNumber>
|
|
from
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FAADFD0CFF77D889" author="Yashiro, T. & Matsuura, K. & Guenard, B. & Terayama, M. & Dunn, R. R." pageId="1" pageNumber="147" pagination="39 - 50" refId="ref3939" refString="Yashiro, T., Matsuura, K., Guenard, B., Terayama, M. & Dunn, R. R. (2010) On the evolution of the species complex Pachycondyla chinensis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae), including the origin of its invasive form and description of a new species. Zootaxa, 2685 (1), 39 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2685.1.3" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
|
Yashiro
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FAC4FD13FA3BD8E2" box="[1383,1437,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2010
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). A haplotype network of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875501FFF0FE48FD37FDCBD88E" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[491,621,691,715]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FE48FD37FDCBD88E" box="[491,621,691,715]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">B. chinensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sequences was built with the program TCS 1.21 (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FB2EFD30FAC0D889" author="Clement, M. & Snell, Q. & Walker, P. & Posada, D. & Crandall, K." box="[1165,1382,691,716]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" pagination="1 - 184" refId="ref2444" refString="Clement, M., Snell, Q., Walker, P., Posada, D. & Crandall, K. (2002) TCS: estimating gene genealogies. In: Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, International. IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos, California, pp. 1 - 184." type="book chapter" year="2002">
|
|
Clement
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FB52FD37FA8ED88E" box="[1265,1320,691,715]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2002
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) and later edited with tcsBU (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FE3CFD54FD45D8AA" author="Murias dos Santos, A. & Cabezas, M. P. & Tavares, A. I. & Xavier, R. & Branco, M." box="[415,739,727,752]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" pagination="627 - 628" refId="ref3041" refString="Murias dos Santos, A., Cabezas, M. P., Tavares, A. I., Xavier, R. & Branco, M. (2016) tcsBU: a tool to extend TCS network layout and visualization. Bioinformatics, 32, 627 - 628. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / bioinformatics / btv 636" type="journal article" year="2016">
|
|
Múrias dos Santos
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FDCCFD5BFD03D8AA" box="[623,677,727,751]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2016
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) and
|
|
<collectorName id="269F89D25501FFF0FCBCFD54FBA4D8B5" box="[799,1026,727,752]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">Adobe Illustrator CC</collectorName>
|
|
2019. The genetic analysis confirmed the single male as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875501FFF0FEFFFD7FFE7AD956" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[348,476,763,787]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FEFFFD7FFE7AD956" box="[348,476,763,787]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">B. chinensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
with high support (99% bootstrap value) (
|
|
<figureCitation id="1351F0815501FFF0FC03FD78FBADD956" box="[928,1035,763,787]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox="[161,1428,183,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-18@2.[160,1428,181,1773]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Lateral view (a), frontal view of the head (b) and a close-up lateral view of the petiole (c) of the specimen of Brachyponera chinensis collected and sequenced. d) Neighbour-joining tree based on mitochondrial COI sequences, the new record is indicated with a star, bootstrap values above 75 are shown on the branches and the species names, countries and Gen- Bank accession numbers are indicated in the tip labels; e) Haplotype network of B. chinensis COI sequences, colours indicate the sample origin and sizes of the circles the number of samples." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6346010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6346010/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">Figure 1d</figureCitation>
|
|
). The
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FBECFD7FFBDBD956" box="[1103,1149,764,787]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">COI</emphasis>
|
|
haplotype found in
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F37DAC945501FFF0FAF0FD78FA22D956" box="[1363,1412,763,787]" name="Italy" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
|
is the same previously reported in the USA, suggesting a possible origin from this country or a common source of introduction (
|
|
<figureCitation id="1351F0815501FFF0FF6CFCC0FE90D919" box="[207,310,835,860]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox="[161,1428,183,1772]" captionTargetId="figure-18@2.[160,1428,181,1773]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Lateral view (a), frontal view of the head (b) and a close-up lateral view of the petiole (c) of the specimen of Brachyponera chinensis collected and sequenced. d) Neighbour-joining tree based on mitochondrial COI sequences, the new record is indicated with a star, bootstrap values above 75 are shown on the branches and the species names, countries and Gen- Bank accession numbers are indicated in the tip labels; e) Haplotype network of B. chinensis COI sequences, colours indicate the sample origin and sizes of the circles the number of samples." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6346010" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6346010/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">Figure 1e</figureCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD5EC045501FFF0FF64FCE4FAC4D98D" blockId="1.[151,1437,151,1796]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">
|
|
Besides the potential problematics related to the use of barcoding for ant species delimitation (e.g.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FAA0FCE4FF68D9E1" author="Schifani, E. & Giannetti, D. & Csosz, S. & Castellucci, F. & Luchetti, A. & Castracani, C. & Spotti, F. A. & Mori, A. & Grasso, D. A." pageId="1" pageNumber="147" refId="ref3536" refString="Schifani, E., Giannetti, D., Csosz, S., Castellucci, F., Luchetti, A., Castracani, C., Spotti, F. A., Mori, A. & Grasso, D. A. (2021) Is mimicry a diversification-driver in ants? Biogeography, ecology, ethology, genetics and morphology define a second West-Palaearctic Colobopsis species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, zlab 035. [published online] http: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlab 035" type="book" year="2021">
|
|
Schifani
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FAC6FCEBFA3BD93A" box="[1381,1437,871,895]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2021
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
) and identification (e.g.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FE7CFC08FD0AD9E1" author="Blatrix, R. & Aubert, C. & Decaens, T. & Berquier, C. & Andrei-Ruiz, M. C. & Galkowski, C." box="[479,684,907,932]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" pagination="420 - 429" refId="ref2304" refString="Blatrix, R., Aubert, C., Decaens, T., Berquier, C., Andrei-Ruiz, M. C. & Galkowski, C. (2020) Contribution of a DNA barcode to an assessment of the specificity of ant taxa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on Corsica. European Journal of Entomology, 117, 420 - 429. https: // doi. org / 10.14411 / eje. 2020.046" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
|
Blatrix
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FD91FC0FFDCDD9E6" box="[562,619,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2020
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), here this technique helped us determining a potentially established population of the highly invasive species
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875501FFF0FDF1FC33FD75D982" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[594,723,943,967]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FDF1FC33FD75D982" box="[594,723,943,967]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">B. chinensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, based on the taxonomic framework by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FBDCFC2CFAF9D98D" author="Yashiro, T. & Matsuura, K. & Guenard, B. & Terayama, M. & Dunn, R. R." box="[1151,1375,943,968]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" pagination="39 - 50" refId="ref3939" refString="Yashiro, T., Matsuura, K., Guenard, B., Terayama, M. & Dunn, R. R. (2010) On the evolution of the species complex Pachycondyla chinensis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae), including the origin of its invasive form and description of a new species. Zootaxa, 2685 (1), 39 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2685.1.3" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
|
Yashiro
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FB7BFC33FAA8D982" box="[1240,1294,943,967]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
(2010)
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD5EC045501FFF0FF64FC57FB58DC4D" blockId="1.[151,1437,151,1796]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">
|
|
As many other soil invertebrates, ants are often accidentally introduced in new environments due to the ongoing globalization and in particular to the plant trade (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FD11FC74FCD1DE55" author="Pysek, P. & Hulme, P. E. & Simberloff, D. & Bacher, S. & Blackburn, T. M. & Carlton, J. T. & Dawson, W. & Foxcroft, L. C. & Genovesi, P. & Jeschke, J. M. & Kuhn, I. & Liebhold, A. M. & Mandrak, N. E. & Meyerson, L. A. & Pauchard, A. & Pergl, J. & Roy, H. E. & Seebens, H. & Kleunen, M. & Vila, M. & Wingfield, M. J. & Richardson, D. M." box="[690,887,1015,1040]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" pagination="1511 - 1534" refId="ref3240" refString="Pysek, P., Hulme, P. E., Simberloff, D., Bacher, S., Blackburn, T. M., Carlton, J. T., Dawson, W., Essl, F., Foxcroft, L. C., Genovesi, P., Jeschke, J. M., Kuhn, I., Liebhold, A. M., Mandrak, N. E., Meyerson, L. A., Pauchard, A., Pergl, J., Roy, H. E., Seebens, H., Kleunen, M., Vila, M., Wingfield, M. J. & Richardson, D. M. (2020) Scientists' warning on invasive alien species. Biological Reviews, 95, 1511 - 1534. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / brv. 12627" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
|
Pyšek
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FD5FFC7BFC92DE4A" box="[764,820,1015,1039]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2020
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Their frequent introduction in private gardens or greenhouses can facilitate their recording when the species are particularly charismatic and easy to spot (e.g. through citizen science,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FE9CFBBCFE48DE1D" author="Mori, E. & Magoga, G. & Panella, M. & Montagna, M. & Winsor, L. & Justine, J. - L. & Menchetti, M. & Schifani, E. & Melone, B. & Mazza, G." box="[319,494,1087,1112]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" pagination="205 - 216" refId="ref2947" refString="Mori, E., Magoga, G., Panella, M., Montagna, M., Winsor, L., Justine, J. - L., Menchetti, M., Schifani, E., Melone, B. & Mazza, G. (2021) Discovering the Pandora's box: the invasion of alien flatworms in Italy. Biological Invasions, 24, 205 - 216. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10530 - 021 - 02638 - w" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
|
Mori
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FED9FBC3FE09DE12" box="[378,431,1087,1111]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2021
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
), but it can also make the field surveys harder to be carried out. The latter one is probably the case for
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875501FFF0FEB9FBE7FE3DDE3E" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[282,411,1123,1147]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FEB9FBE7FE3DDE3E" box="[282,411,1123,1147]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">B. chinensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in Torre Annunziata (Naples,
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F37DAC945501FFF0FD7CFBE0FCB3DE3E" box="[735,789,1123,1147]" name="Italy" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
|
): an area of
|
|
<quantity id="4C9241E15501FFF0FC3BFBE7FC7ADE3E" box="[920,988,1124,1148]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</quantity>
|
|
of radius around the site where the specimen was found, as well as the area of the harbour, have been surveyed multiple times from 2016 to 2021 and no other individual belonging to this species have been found. More surveys, perhaps employing specific traps, will be useful to further verify the presence of nests. The fact that we collected a swarming male points to three potential concerns: a) At least one nest is already in an advanced stage and the species may have already overcome the typical “lag phase” after introduction and during establishment, preceding the increase-phase marking spread (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FB82FA94FB7BDF75" author="Pysek, P. & Hulme, P. E. & Simberloff, D. & Bacher, S. & Blackburn, T. M. & Carlton, J. T. & Dawson, W. & Foxcroft, L. C. & Genovesi, P. & Jeschke, J. M. & Kuhn, I. & Liebhold, A. M. & Mandrak, N. E. & Meyerson, L. A. & Pauchard, A. & Pergl, J. & Roy, H. E. & Seebens, H. & Kleunen, M. & Vila, M. & Wingfield, M. J. & Richardson, D. M." box="[1057,1245,1303,1328]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" pagination="1511 - 1534" refId="ref3240" refString="Pysek, P., Hulme, P. E., Simberloff, D., Bacher, S., Blackburn, T. M., Carlton, J. T., Dawson, W., Essl, F., Foxcroft, L. C., Genovesi, P., Jeschke, J. M., Kuhn, I., Liebhold, A. M., Mandrak, N. E., Meyerson, L. A., Pauchard, A., Pergl, J., Roy, H. E., Seebens, H., Kleunen, M., Vila, M., Wingfield, M. J. & Richardson, D. M. (2020) Scientists' warning on invasive alien species. Biological Reviews, 95, 1511 - 1534. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / brv. 12627" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
|
Pyšek
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FBCBFA9BFB3BDF6A" box="[1128,1181,1303,1327]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2020
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). This is problematic considering that the high inbreeding tolerance of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875501FFF0FD77FABFFCF3DF16" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[724,853,1339,1363]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FD77FABFFCF3DF16" box="[724,853,1339,1363]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">B. chinensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
may allow a few foundresses to give birth to an entire population (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FEBBFAE3FE6ADF3D" author="Eyer, P. & Matsuura, K. & Vargo, E. L. & Kobayashi, K. & Yashiro, T. & Suehiro, W. & Himuro, C. & Yokoi, T. & Guenard, B. & Dunn, R. R. & Tsuji, K." box="[280,460,1375,1400]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" pagination="14910" refId="ref2569" refString="Eyer, P., Matsuura, K., Vargo, E. L., Kobayashi, K., Yashiro, T., Suehiro, W., Himuro, C., Yokoi, T., Guenard, B., Dunn, R. R. & Tsuji, K. (2018) Inbreeding tolerance as a pre-adapted trait for invasion success in the invasive ant Brachyponera chinensis. Molecular Ecology, 27, mec. 14910. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / mec. 14910" type="journal article" year="2018">
|
|
Eyer
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FEF7FAE3FE2DDF32" box="[340,395,1375,1399]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2018
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). b) Since the dispersal capabilities of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875501FFF0FCCEFAE3FC49DF32" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[877,1007,1375,1399]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FCCEFAE3FC49DF32" box="[877,1007,1375,1399]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">B. chinensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are undocumented, and it may disperse by independent foundations, including through pleometrosis (Benoit Guénard pers. comm.), it is hard to locate the nest of origin and eradicate it. In fact, the nest of origin may be in hardly accessible private areas and the colony (or colonies) may have time to spread while remaining undetected. c) A queenless colony may have been introduced and males were produced by the workers, capable of laying haploid eggs in the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875501FFF0FC9FFA73FC1BDC42" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[828,957,1519,1543]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FC9FFA73FC1BDC42" box="[828,957,1519,1543]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">B. chinensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
complex (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FB8EFA6CFB54DC4D" author="Gotoh, A. & Ito, F." box="[1069,1266,1519,1544]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" pagination="98 - 104" refId="ref2708" refString="Gotoh, A. & Ito, F. (2008) Seasonal cycle of colony structure in the Ponerine ant Pachycondyla chinensis in western Japan (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Insectes Sociaux, 55, 98 - 104. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00040 - 007 - 0977 - y" type="journal article" year="2008">Gotoh & Ito 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="8BD5EC045501FFF0FF64F990FC1ADD46" blockId="1.[151,1437,151,1796]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">
|
|
The Mediterranean basin hosts an increasing number of exotic species, but most of them have remained limited to indoor or at least urban environments (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FDBAF9B4FD12DC15" author="Schifani, E." box="[537,692,1591,1616]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" pagination="198 - 208" refId="ref3484" refString="Schifani, E. (2019) Exotic ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) invading mediterranean Europe: a brief summary over about 200 years of documented introductions. Sociobiology, 66, 198 - 208. https: // doi. org / 10.13102 / sociobiology. v 66 i 2.4331" type="journal article" year="2019">Schifani 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). Climate change may also play a significant role for the establishment of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875501FFF0FF17F9DFFE92DC36" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[180,308,1627,1651]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FF17F9DFFE92DC36" box="[180,308,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">B. chinensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in
|
|
<collectingCountry id="F37DAC945501FFF0FEF5F9D8FE21DC36" box="[342,391,1627,1651]" name="Italy" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
|
(
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FE37F9D8FD3FDC31" author="Bertelsmeier, C. & Guenard, B. & Courchamp, F." box="[404,665,1627,1652]" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" pagination="75438" refId="ref2250" refString="Bertelsmeier, C., Guenard, B. & Courchamp, F. (2013) Climate change may boost the invasion of the Asian needle ant. PLoS One, 8 (10), e 75438. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0075438" type="journal article" year="2013">
|
|
Bertelsmeier
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FD87F9DFFDFCDC36" box="[548,602,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2013
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). However, the success of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4C6A97875501FFF0FC11F9DFFB94DC36" baseAuthorityName="Emery" baseAuthorityYear="1895" box="[946,1074,1627,1651]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Brachyponera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FC11F9DFFB94DC36" box="[946,1074,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">B. chinensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
in North American forest habitats suggests that this species could potentially invade European natural habitats and particularly forests, likely affecting native communities. On the other hand, its establishment in urban areas may constitute a public health concern (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="EFFB91F55501FFF0FA94F920FF54DC9A" author="Nelder, M. P. & Paysen, E. S. & Zungoli, P. A. & Benson, E. P." pageId="1" pageNumber="147" pagination="1094 - 1098" refId="ref3107" refString="Nelder, M. P., Paysen, E. S., Zungoli, P. A. & Benson, E. P. (2006) Emergence of the Introduced Ant Pachycondyla chinensis (Formicidae: Ponerinae) as a Public Health Threat in the Southeastern United States. Journal of Medical Entomology, 43, 1094 - 1098. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jmedent / 43.5.1094" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
|
Nelder
|
|
<emphasis id="B91E30165501FFF0FA2AF927FF15DC9A" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="147">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2006
|
|
</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). We call for action at the presumably early stage of this new potentially harmful biological invasion and propose that a detailed survey of a wide area around Torre Annunziata is conducted.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |