346 lines
44 KiB
XML
346 lines
44 KiB
XML
<document id="E4FC9281488DF3F299ECD61F9EC4F507" ID-CLB-Dataset="54611" ID-DOI="10.37828/em.2018.16.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="daad5c44-2db2-4e54-b6e2-89ba8a3937bb" ID-ISSN="2336-9744" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8028193" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1686314733712" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Martynov, Alexander V." docDate="2018" docId="D36887BAFF8AB056FF53FC7EFA6BBDF7" docLanguage="en" docName="EcolMontenegrina.16.48-57.pdf" docOrigin="Ecologica Montenegrina 16" docSource="https://www.biotaxa.org/em/article/view/em.2018.16.6" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3485E46B0EDC64DBF2992EDE30BFB5AE.1:EcolMontenegrina.2017-.journal_article" docStyleId="3485E46B0EDC64DBF2992EDE30BFB5AE" docStyleName="EcolMontenegrina.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Palingenia fuliginosa" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="52" masterDocId="2F51FFC2FF8BB052FFC4FFF7FFF3BE76" masterDocTitle="New records of some rare mayflies (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) from Ukraine" masterLastPageNumber="57" masterPageNumber="48" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1686578337447" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="55007A2A108611318F7EB4F68AAF6A67">
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<mods:title id="978862AD487CD39CBDF349377B434762">New records of some rare mayflies (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) from Ukraine</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5BD7E4CEB740AB664637239C407CFDA1">Martynov, Alexander V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D32C99B70421E6E72B9BD949B949F56E">Ecologica Montenegrina</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CFD3A7EA9DF9E06365B6B84C0830753A">
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<mods:date id="E920C10E1417CF13494AE57FD35B9783">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0BF3EC44982D4BADC71AE9FCFA0C207F">16</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="568985B00D120CA12B1E178D5D5E4EC9" type="DOI">10.37828/em.2018.16.6</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="D36887BAFF8AB056FF53FC7EFA6BBDF7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8028195" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8028195" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D36887BAFF8AB056FF53FC7EFA6BBDF7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D36887BAFF8AB056FF53FC7EFA6BBDF7" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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<subSubSection id="13DB6527FF8AB053FF53FC7EFDA4BDD5" box="[151,599,905,931]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5B7E36ACFF8AB053FF53FC7EFDA4BDD5" blockId="1.[151,599,905,931]" box="[151,599,905,931]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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<heading id="003681C0FF8AB053FF53FC7EFDA4BDD5" box="[151,599,905,931]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="9CC14D2FFF8AB053FF53FC7EFDA4BDD5" ID-CoL="4C55G" authority="(Georgi, 1802)" baseAuthorityName="Georgi" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[151,599,905,931]" class="Insecta" family="Palingeniidae" genus="Palingenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuliginosa">
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<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8AB053FF53FC7EFDA4BDD5" bold="true" box="[151,599,905,931]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8AB053FF53FC7EFE6EBDD5" bold="true" box="[151,413,905,931]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Palingenia fuliginosa</emphasis>
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(Georgi, 1802)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="13DB6527FF8AB053FF53FC3CFBD9BA1B" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="description">
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<paragraph id="5B7E36ACFF8AB053FF53FC3CFBD9BA1B" blockId="1.[151,1437,971,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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There are three species of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="9CC14D2FFF8AB053FDA9FC3CFC59BD90" authority="Albarda, 1888" authorityName="Albarda" authorityYear="1888" box="[621,938,971,998]" class="Insecta" family="Palingeniidae" genus="Palingenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8AB053FDA9FC3CFD1DBD90" box="[621,750,971,998]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Palingenia</emphasis>
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Albarda,
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<quantity id="9C399B49FF8AB053FCABFC3CFC59BD90" box="[879,938,971,998]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.79552" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" unit="in" value="1888.0">1888</quantity>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the check list of Ukrainian mayflies (Godunko & Kłonowska- Olejnik 2003).
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<taxonomicName id="9CC14D2FFF8AB053FD41FC1AFBA3BA7E" authority="(Oliver, 1791)" baseAuthorityName="Oliver" baseAuthorityYear="1791" box="[645,1104,1005,1032]" class="Insecta" family="Palingeniidae" genus="Palingenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicauda">
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<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8AB053FD41FC1AFC65BA7E" box="[645,918,1005,1032]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Palingenia longicauda</emphasis>
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(Oliver, 1791)
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</taxonomicName>
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has not been registered in
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<collectingCountry id="23D6763CFF8AB053FF53FBF8FF05BA5C" box="[151,246,1039,1066]" name="Ukraine" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
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since the thirties of the XX century (
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<bibRefCitation id="3F504B5DFF8AB053FD28FBF8FC16BA5C" author="Soldan, T. & Godunko, R. J. & Zahradkova, S. & Sroka, P." box="[748,997,1039,1066]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" pagination="81 - 84" refId="ref5274" refString="Soldan, T., Godunko, R. J., Zahradkova, S. & Sroka, P. (2009) Palingenia longicauda (Olivier, 1791) (Ephemeroptera, Palingeniidae): Do refugia in the Danube basin still work? In: Soldan, T., Papacek, M. & Bohac, J. (Eds.), Communications and Abstracts, SIEEC 21. University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, pp. 81 - 84." type="book chapter" year="2009">
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Soldan
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<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8AB053FC94FBE7FC7EBA5C" box="[848,909,1039,1066]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">et al</emphasis>
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. 2009
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</bibRefCitation>
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). Registration of
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<taxonomicName id="9CC14D2FFF8AB053FB08FBE7FE91BA3D" authority="Tshernova, 1949" authorityName="Tshernova" authorityYear="1949" class="Insecta" family="Palingeniidae" genus="Palingenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sublongilobata">
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<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8AB053FB08FBE7FA6FBA5C" box="[1228,1436,1039,1066]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">P. sublongilobata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="3F504B5DFF8AB053FF53FBC7FE91BA3D" author="Tshernova, O. A." box="[151,354,1072,1099]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" pagination="303 - 307" refId="ref5412" refString="Tshernova, O. A. (1949) To the knowledge of the genus Palingenia Burm. Entomological Review, 39 (3 - 4), 303 - 307. (in Russian)" type="journal article" year="1949">
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Tshernova,
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<quantity id="9C399B49FF8AB053FEE3FBC7FE91BA3D" box="[295,354,1072,1099]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.95046" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" unit="in" value="1949.0">1949</quantity>
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</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<collectingCountry id="23D6763CFF8AB053FE57FBC7FE02BA3D" box="[403,497,1072,1099]" name="Ukraine" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
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needed the confirmation, and
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<taxonomicName id="9CC14D2FFF8AB053FCB7FBC7FB83BA3D" baseAuthorityName="Georgi" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[883,1136,1072,1099]" class="Insecta" family="Palingeniidae" genus="Palingenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuliginosa">
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<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8AB053FCB7FBC7FB83BA3D" box="[883,1136,1072,1099]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Palingenia fuliginosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was only suggested for
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<collectingCountry id="23D6763CFF8AB053FF53FBA5FF05BA1B" box="[151,246,1106,1133]" name="Ukraine" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
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(Godunko & Kłonowska- Olejnik 2003;
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<bibRefCitation id="3F504B5DFF8AB053FD16FBA5FBEDBA1B" author="Prokopov, G. A. & Godunko, R. J." box="[722,1054,1106,1133]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" pagination="140 - 152" refId="ref5178" refString="Prokopov, G. A. & Godunko, R. J. (2007) The catalog of the mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) of Crimea. Natural Reserves of the Crimea - 2007. Materials of the IV International Scientific and Practical Conference (November 2, 2007). Part 2. Zoology, 140 - 152. (in Russian)" type="proceedings paper" year="2007">Prokopov & Godunko 2007</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="13DB6527FF8AB053FF27FB83FE57B874" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="5B7E36ACFF8AB053FF27FB83FE2DBB0D" blockId="1.[151,1437,971,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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Generally confirmed distribution of
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<taxonomicName id="9CC14D2FFF8AB053FD67FB82FCCBBAF9" baseAuthorityName="Georgi" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[675,824,1140,1167]" class="Insecta" family="Palingeniidae" genus="Palingenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuliginosa">
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<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8AB053FD67FB82FCCBBAF9" box="[675,824,1140,1167]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">P. fuliginosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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falls within
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<collectingCountry id="23D6763CFF8AB053FC19FB82FBFCBAF9" box="[989,1039,1141,1167]" name="Iran" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Iran</collectingCountry>
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, Caucasus and
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<collectingCountry id="23D6763CFF8AB053FB10FB83FA6FBAF9" box="[1236,1436,1140,1167]" name="Slovakia" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Slovak Republic</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="3F504B5DFF8AB053FF5BFB61FE90BAC7" author="Tshernova, O. A." box="[159,355,1174,1201]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" pagination="303 - 307" refId="ref5412" refString="Tshernova, O. A. (1949) To the knowledge of the genus Palingenia Burm. Entomological Review, 39 (3 - 4), 303 - 307. (in Russian)" type="journal article" year="1949">Tshernova 1949</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="3F504B5DFF8AB053FEB4FB61FDD8BAC7" author="Demoulin, G." box="[368,555,1174,1201]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" pagination="305 - 344" refId="ref4103" refString="Demoulin, G. (1965) Contribution a l'etude des Palingeniidae (Insecta, Ephemeroptera). Nova Guinea (Zoology), 33, 305 - 344." type="journal article" year="1965">Demoulin 1965</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="3F504B5DFF8AB053FDFDFB61FD22BAC7" author="Soldan, T." box="[569,721,1174,1201]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" pagination="272 - 284" refId="ref5244" refString="Soldan, T. (1978) Revision of the genus Palingenia in Europe (Ephemeroptera, Palingeniidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 75, 272 - 284." type="journal article" year="1978">Soldán 1978</bibRefCitation>
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).
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<bibRefCitation id="3F504B5DFF8AB053FD22FB61FC41BAC7" author="Demoulin, G." box="[742,946,1174,1201]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" pagination="305 - 344" refId="ref4103" refString="Demoulin, G. (1965) Contribution a l'etude des Palingeniidae (Insecta, Ephemeroptera). Nova Guinea (Zoology), 33, 305 - 344." type="journal article" year="1965">Demoulin (1965)</bibRefCitation>
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recorded
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<taxonomicName id="9CC14D2FFF8AB053FBEDFB60FB4DBAC7" baseAuthorityName="Georgi" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[1065,1214,1174,1201]" class="Insecta" family="Palingeniidae" genus="Palingenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuliginosa">
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<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8AB053FBEDFB60FB4DBAC7" box="[1065,1214,1174,1201]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">P. fuliginosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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for Crimea basing on
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<specimenCount id="4DC7FD25FF8AB053FF79FB4FFECCBAA4" box="[189,319,1207,1234]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
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imago from Kertch Peninsula. It was supposed that species do not develop in Crimea, and the caught specimen was carried by wind from
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<collectingRegion id="9905F84EFF8AB053FD7FFB2EFC86BA82" box="[699,885,1241,1268]" country="Russia" name="Krasnodar" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Krasnodar Krai</collectingRegion>
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(
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<collectingCountry id="23D6763CFF8AB053FC4DFB2EFB80BA82" box="[905,1139,1241,1268]" name="Russia" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Russian Federation</collectingCountry>
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) (
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<bibRefCitation id="3F504B5DFF8AB053FB54FB2EFF24BB60" author="Prokopov, G. A. & Godunko, R. J." pageId="1" pageNumber="49" pagination="140 - 152" refId="ref5178" refString="Prokopov, G. A. & Godunko, R. J. (2007) The catalog of the mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) of Crimea. Natural Reserves of the Crimea - 2007. Materials of the IV International Scientific and Practical Conference (November 2, 2007). Part 2. Zoology, 140 - 152. (in Russian)" type="proceedings paper" year="2007">Prokopov & Godunko 2007</bibRefCitation>
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). The records of this species from the Salgir and Angara Rivers at
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<collectingRegion id="9905F84EFF8AB053FC37FB0CFBBABB60" box="[1011,1097,1275,1302]" country="Ukraine" name="Crimea" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Crimea</collectingRegion>
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by Kiseleva & Yezernitskiy (1985) was subjected to great doubt and consequently the species was removed from check list of mayflies of
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<collectingRegion id="9905F84EFF8AB053FF53FAC9FF1EBB2F" box="[151,237,1342,1369]" country="Ukraine" name="Crimea" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Crimea</collectingRegion>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="3F504B5DFF8AB053FF3AFAC9FDBDBB2F" author="Prokopov, G. A. & Godunko, R. J." box="[254,590,1342,1369]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" pagination="140 - 152" refId="ref5178" refString="Prokopov, G. A. & Godunko, R. J. (2007) The catalog of the mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) of Crimea. Natural Reserves of the Crimea - 2007. Materials of the IV International Scientific and Practical Conference (November 2, 2007). Part 2. Zoology, 140 - 152. (in Russian)" type="proceedings paper" year="2007">Prokopov & Godunko 2007</bibRefCitation>
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). Thereby, up to now there are no facts confirming the development of this species within
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<collectingCountry id="23D6763CFF8AB053FEB3FA97FE2ABB0D" box="[375,473,1376,1403]" name="Ukraine" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5B7E36ACFF8AB053FF27FA74FE57B874" blockId="1.[151,1437,971,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
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We found
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<taxonomicName id="9CC14D2FFF8AB053FE9BFA74FE05BBEB" baseAuthorityName="Georgi" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[351,502,1410,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Palingeniidae" genus="Palingenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuliginosa">
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<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8AB053FE9BFA74FE05BBEB" box="[351,502,1410,1437]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">P. fuliginosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in potamal zone of the Horyn’ and Styr Rivers within
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<collectingRegion id="9905F84EFF8AB053FBBFFA75FAEEBBEB" box="[1147,1309,1410,1437]" country="Ukraine" name="Rivne" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Rivne Region</collectingRegion>
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(
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<figureCitation id="C3FA2A29FF8AB053FAE9FA75FA64BBEB" box="[1325,1431,1410,1437]" captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="2.[151,237,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[193,1395,202,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-7@2.[193,1395,189,1882]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figures 1–4. Larva and subimago of Palingenia fuliginosa (Georgi, 1802) and its habitat: 1. – total view of larva, scale bar 10 mm; 2. – total view of subimago, male, scale bar 10 mm; 3. – Horyn’ River, vicinity of Zbuzh village (July 2017); 4. – microhabitats most preferred by P. fuliginosa larvae on Horyn’ River (July 2017)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8028197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8028197/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Figs 3, 4</figureCitation>
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,
|
||
<figureCitation id="C3FA2A29FF8AB053FF53FA53FF15BBC9" box="[151,230,1444,1471]" captionStart="Figures 14–18" captionStartId="7.[151,237,1808,1832]" captionTargetBox="[176,1411,196,1778]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[176,1411,189,1790]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figures 14–18. New collection sites of the investigated species within Ukraine: 14. – map showing new sites (red circles – Palingenia fuliginosa (Georgi, 1802); yellow circles – Isonychia ignota (Walker, 1853); green circle – Baetopus tenellus (Albarda, 1878); blue circles – Brachycercus harrisella Curtis, 1834; red quadrates – Siphlonurus aestivalis Eaton, 1903; yellow quadrate – Metreletus balcanicus (Ulmer, 1920)); 15. – Styr River, (vicinity of Stara Rafalivka village, July 2017); 16. – Stvyga River (vicinity of Poznan’ village, July 2017); 17. – bay of Desna River (vicinity of Prydesnyans’ke village, May 2017); 18. – Salva River (territory of Bukove village, May 2017)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8028207" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8028207/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">14, 15</figureCitation>
|
||
). Larvae of different ages and winged stages were collected (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C3FA2A29FF8AB053FC14FA53FBCCBBC9" box="[976,1087,1444,1471]" captionStart="Figures 1–4" captionStartId="2.[151,237,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[193,1395,202,1861]" captionTargetId="figure-7@2.[193,1395,189,1882]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figures 1–4. Larva and subimago of Palingenia fuliginosa (Georgi, 1802) and its habitat: 1. – total view of larva, scale bar 10 mm; 2. – total view of subimago, male, scale bar 10 mm; 3. – Horyn’ River, vicinity of Zbuzh village (July 2017); 4. – microhabitats most preferred by P. fuliginosa larvae on Horyn’ River (July 2017)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8028197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8028197/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Figs 1, 2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="C3FA2A29FF8AB053FB8AFA53FBACBBC9" box="[1102,1119,1444,1471]" captionStart="Figures 5–8" captionStartId="3.[151,237,1863,1887]" captionTargetBox="[151,1419,189,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1436,189,1826]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 5–8. Palingenia fuliginosa (Georgi, 1802), larval burrows and equipment for collecting the larvae: 5. – larva in the burrow, scale bar 50 mm; 6. – burrows in poor bog iron ore with sandstone impurities, scale bar 50 mm; 7. – burrows crossing the wood, scale bar 50 mm; 8. – equipment used by fishermen and dealers for collecting the larvae, scale bar 50 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8028201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8028201/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">5</figureCitation>
|
||
); this confirms the fact of development of the species within
|
||
<collectingCountry id="23D6763CFF8AB053FD85FA32FD50BB96" box="[577,675,1477,1504]" name="Ukraine" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Moreover, these records extend the known distribution of the species towards North.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="13DB6527FF8AB053FF27F9FEFC67B947" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="5B7E36ACFF8AB053FF27F9FEFCE8B8DD" blockId="1.[151,1437,971,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8AB053FF27F9FEFECEB852" box="[227,317,1545,1572]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Habitat</emphasis>
|
||
: In both rivers larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9CC14D2FFF8AB053FD43F9FDFCD0B852" baseAuthorityName="Georgi" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[647,803,1545,1572]" class="Insecta" family="Palingeniidae" genus="Palingenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuliginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8AB053FD43F9FDFCD0B852" box="[647,803,1545,1572]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">P. fuliginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
live under the similar conditions. All larvae were collected from their burrows in different substrates. Most typical substrates were the clay (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C3FA2A29FF8AB053FB09F9DCFAE7B830" box="[1229,1300,1579,1606]" captionStart="Figures 5–8" captionStartId="3.[151,237,1863,1887]" captionTargetBox="[151,1419,189,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1436,189,1826]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 5–8. Palingenia fuliginosa (Georgi, 1802), larval burrows and equipment for collecting the larvae: 5. – larva in the burrow, scale bar 50 mm; 6. – burrows in poor bog iron ore with sandstone impurities, scale bar 50 mm; 7. – burrows crossing the wood, scale bar 50 mm; 8. – equipment used by fishermen and dealers for collecting the larvae, scale bar 50 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8028201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8028201/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
) and dense deposits of sand, and we also collected some larvae from burrows made in poor bog iron ore with sandstone impurities (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C3FA2A29FF8AB053FEE4F999FE9BB8FF" box="[288,360,1646,1673]" captionStart="Figures 5–8" captionStartId="3.[151,237,1863,1887]" captionTargetBox="[151,1419,189,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1436,189,1826]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 5–8. Palingenia fuliginosa (Georgi, 1802), larval burrows and equipment for collecting the larvae: 5. – larva in the burrow, scale bar 50 mm; 6. – burrows in poor bog iron ore with sandstone impurities, scale bar 50 mm; 7. – burrows crossing the wood, scale bar 50 mm; 8. – equipment used by fishermen and dealers for collecting the larvae, scale bar 50 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8028201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8028201/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Additionally we recorded that the larvae of last instars can rote the burrows through the wood when it is deposed in the main substrate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C3FA2A29FF8AB053FD00F967FCFFB8DD" box="[708,780,1680,1707]" captionStart="Figures 5–8" captionStartId="3.[151,237,1863,1887]" captionTargetBox="[151,1419,189,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1436,189,1826]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 5–8. Palingenia fuliginosa (Georgi, 1802), larval burrows and equipment for collecting the larvae: 5. – larva in the burrow, scale bar 50 mm; 6. – burrows in poor bog iron ore with sandstone impurities, scale bar 50 mm; 7. – burrows crossing the wood, scale bar 50 mm; 8. – equipment used by fishermen and dealers for collecting the larvae, scale bar 50 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8028201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8028201/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5B7E36ACFF8AB053FF27F946FC67B947" blockId="1.[151,1437,971,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
|
||
Current velocity in collecting sites ranged from
|
||
<quantity id="9C399B49FF8AB053FCEAF946FC34B8BA" box="[814,967,1713,1740]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="0.2" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.1">0.1 to 0.3 m</quantity>
|
||
/s. The inhabited holes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9CC14D2FFF8AB053FAC2F944FA6FB8BA" baseAuthorityName="Georgi" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[1286,1436,1713,1740]" class="Insecta" family="Palingeniidae" genus="Palingenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuliginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8AB053FAC2F944FA6FB8BA" box="[1286,1436,1713,1740]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">P. fuliginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were registered at depth from
|
||
<quantity id="9C399B49FF8AB053FDC4F924FD62B898" box="[512,657,1747,1774]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="17.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="0.95" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="0.2">0.2 to 1.7 m</quantity>
|
||
(max depth of the rivers in the sampling places was about
|
||
<quantity id="9C399B49FF8AB053FA9AF924FA63B898" box="[1374,1424,1747,1774]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
|
||
). The additional parameters of waterbodies in collecting places measured during the sampling were: water temperature 23–29°C, water hardness 259–270 ppm, pH 8.6–8.7.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="13DB6527FF8AB053FF27F8CFFADFB9CF" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="5B7E36ACFF8AB053FF27F8CFFADFB9CF" blockId="1.[151,1437,971,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8AB053FF27F8CFFEB9B925" box="[227,330,1848,1875]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Material</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<materialsCitation id="EBA93CF1FF8AB053FE9BF8CFFBA4B903" collectingDate="2017-07-07" collectionCode="V" collectorName="Martynov A. V." country="Ukraine" elevation="154" latitude="50.9903" location="Horyn' River" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="26.320683" municipality="Zbuzh village" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" specimenCount="11" specimenCount-larva="11" stateProvince="Rivne">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="23D6763CFF8AB053FE9BF8CFFE32B925" box="[351,449,1848,1875]" name="Ukraine" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9905F84EFF8AB053FE17F8CFFD72B925" box="[467,641,1848,1875]" country="Ukraine" name="Rivne" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Rivne Region</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="4DC7FD25FF8AB053FD56F8CFFCF1B925" box="[658,770,1848,1875]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="larva">11 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
, vicinity of
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="BB1AACD6FF8AB053FC65F8CFFBBEB925" box="[929,1101,1848,1875]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Zbuzh village</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="5E1E6077FF8AB053FB9BF8CFFAF6B925" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D36887BAFF8AB056FF53FC7EFA6BBDF7:5E1E6077FF8AB053FB9BF8CFFAF6B925" box="[1119,1285,1848,1875]" country="Ukraine" latitude="50.9903" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="26.320683" municipality="Zbuzh village" name="Horyn' River" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" stateProvince="Rivne">Horyn’ River</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="3EF5506BFF8AB053FADCF8CFFA6BB925" box="[1304,1432,1848,1875]" degrees="50.990300" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" precision="1" value="50.9903">50.990300</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="3EF5506BFF8AB053FF53F8ADFEE4B903" box="[151,279,1882,1909]" degrees="26.320683" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" precision="1" value="26.320683">26.320683</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, h –
|
||
<elevation id="D0ECD19FFF8AB053FE96F8ADFE2CB903" box="[338,479,1882,1909]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.54" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="154.0">
|
||
<quantity id="9C399B49FF8AB053FE96F8ADFE6EB903" box="[338,413,1882,1909]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.54" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="154.0">154 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="F634537AFF8AB053FE2AF8ACFD74B903" box="[494,647,1882,1909]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Martynov A.</collectorName>
|
||
<collectionCode id="3DD0AE69FF8AB053FD43F8ADFD6CB903" box="[647,671,1882,1909]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
. leg.,
|
||
<date id="2F7F106CFF8AB053FD2CF8ADFCADB903" box="[744,862,1882,1909]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" value="2017-07-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="3F3BE984FF8AB053FD2CF8ADFCADB903" box="[744,862,1882,1909]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" value="2017-07-07">7.07.2017</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<collectorName id="F634537AFF8AB053FCBBF8ACFC38B903" box="[895,971,1882,1909]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
|
||
IN
|
||
<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8AB053FC60F8ADFC38B903" box="[932,971,1882,1909]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Riv</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
2
|
||
<collectorName id="F634537AFF8AB053FC1CF8ADFBD2B903" box="[984,1057,1882,1909]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Palful</collectorName>
|
||
/1–2
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="EBA93CF1FF8AB053FBACF8ADFC82B9E1" collectingDate="2017-06-25" collectionCode="V" collectorName="Dauletkulov S." country="Ukraine" elevation="154" latitude="50.9903" location="Horyn' River" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="26.320683" municipality="Zbuzh village" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" specimenCount="20" specimenCount-larva="20" stateProvince="Rivne Region">
|
||
<specimenCount id="4DC7FD25FF8AB053FBACF8ADFB24B903" box="[1128,1239,1882,1909]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="larva">20 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
, 14 subimagoes, ibid,
|
||
<collectorName id="F634537AFF8AB053FF11F88BFE75B9E1" box="[213,390,1916,1943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Dauletkulov S.</collectorName>
|
||
leg., 10–
|
||
<date id="2F7F106CFF8AB053FE33F88BFD88B9E1" box="[503,635,1916,1943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" value="2017-06-25">
|
||
<collectingDate id="3F3BE984FF8AB053FE33F88BFD88B9E1" box="[503,635,1916,1943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" value="2017-06-25">25.06.2017</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<collectorName id="F634537AFF8AB053FD5EF88AFD15B9E1" box="[666,742,1916,1943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
|
||
IN
|
||
<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8AB053FD04F88BFD15B9E1" box="[704,742,1916,1943]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Riv</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
6
|
||
<collectorName id="F634537AFF8AB053FD30F88BFCCFB9E1" box="[756,828,1916,1943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Palful</collectorName>
|
||
/1–6
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="EBA93CF1FF8AB053FC47F88BFAD6B9CE" collectingDate="2017-08-02" collectionCode="V" collectorName="Martynov A. V." country="Ukraine" elevation="156" latitude="51.378864" location="Styr River" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.863338" municipality="Stara Rafalivka village" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-larva="10" stateProvince="Rivne Region">
|
||
<specimenCount id="4DC7FD25FF8AB053FC47F88BFC00B9E1" box="[899,1011,1916,1943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="larva">10 larvae</specimenCount>
|
||
, vicinity of
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="BB1AACD6FF8AB053FB40F88BFA6BB9E1" box="[1156,1432,1916,1943]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Stara Rafalivka village</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="5E1E6077FF8AB053FF53F869FEE0B9CF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D36887BAFF8AB056FF53FC7EFA6BBDF7:5E1E6077FF8AB053FF53F869FEE0B9CF" box="[151,275,1950,1977]" country="Ukraine" latitude="51.378864" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="25.863338" municipality="Stara Rafalivka village" name="Styr River" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" stateProvince="Rivne Region">Styr River</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="3EF5506BFF8AB053FEDBF869FE6CB9CF" box="[287,415,1950,1977]" degrees="51.378866" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" precision="1" value="51.378864">51.378866</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="3EF5506BFF8AB053FE6FF869FDD8B9CF" box="[427,555,1950,1977]" degrees="25.863339" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" precision="1" value="25.863338">25.863339</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, h –
|
||
<elevation id="D0ECD19FFF8AB053FDA6F869FD1FB9CF" box="[610,748,1950,1977]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.56" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="156.0">
|
||
<quantity id="9C399B49FF8AB053FDA6F869FD5FB9CF" box="[610,684,1950,1977]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.56" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="156.0">156 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="F634537AFF8AB053FD3DF868FC63B9CF" box="[761,912,1950,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Martynov A.</collectorName>
|
||
<collectionCode id="3DD0AE69FF8AB053FC54F869FC5BB9CF" box="[912,936,1950,1977]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
. leg.,
|
||
<date id="2F7F106CFF8AB053FC2AF869FB90B9CF" box="[1006,1123,1950,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" value="2017-08-02">
|
||
<collectingDate id="3F3BE984FF8AB053FC2AF869FB90B9CF" box="[1006,1123,1950,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49" value="2017-08-02">2.08.2017</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<collectorName id="F634537AFF8AB053FB45F868FB3CB9CE" box="[1153,1231,1950,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">
|
||
IN
|
||
<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8AB053FB63F869FB3CB9CE" box="[1191,1231,1950,1976]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Riv</emphasis>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
7
|
||
<collectorName id="F634537AFF8AB053FB19F86AFAD6B9CE" box="[1245,1317,1949,1976]" pageId="1" pageNumber="49">Palful</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="0FBE6624FF89B050FF53F896FB8EB9C0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8028197" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8028197" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8028197/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" startId="2.[151,237,1889,1913]" targetBox="[193,1395,202,1861]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="5B7E36ACFF89B050FF53F896FB8EB9C0" blockId="2.[151,1436,1888,1974]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF89B050FF53F896FED0B90F" bold="true" box="[151,291,1889,1913]" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Figures 1–4.</emphasis>
|
||
Larva and subimago of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9CC14D2FFF89B050FDEEF897FC4BB90E" authority="(Georgi, 1802)" baseAuthorityName="Georgi" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[554,952,1888,1912]" class="Insecta" family="Palingeniidae" genus="Palingenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuliginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF89B050FDEEF897FCE1B90E" box="[554,786,1888,1912]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">Palingenia fuliginosa</emphasis>
|
||
(Georgi, 1802)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and its habitat: 1. – total view of larva, scale bar 10 mm; 2. – total view of subimago, male, scale bar 10 mm; 3. – Horyn’ River, vicinity of Zbuzh village (July 2017); 4. – microhabitats most preferred by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9CC14D2FFF89B050FDAAF868FD04B9C0" baseAuthorityName="Georgi" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[622,759,1950,1974]" class="Insecta" family="Palingeniidae" genus="Palingenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuliginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF89B050FDAAF868FD04B9C0" box="[622,759,1950,1974]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="50">P. fuliginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae on Horyn’ River (July 2017).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="0FBE6624FF88B051FF53F8B0FEBDB9CD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8028201" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8028201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8028201/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" startId="3.[151,237,1863,1887]" targetBox="[151,1419,189,1783]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="5B7E36ACFF88B051FF53F8B0FEBDB9CD" blockId="3.[151,1436,1863,1979]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF88B051FF53F8B0FED7B929" bold="true" box="[151,292,1863,1887]" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Figures 5–8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9CC14D2FFF88B051FEEEF8B0FD49B929" authority="(Georgi, 1802)" baseAuthorityName="Georgi" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[298,698,1863,1887]" class="Insecta" family="Palingeniidae" genus="Palingenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuliginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF88B051FEEEF8B0FDE2B929" box="[298,529,1863,1887]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="51">Palingenia fuliginosa</emphasis>
|
||
(Georgi, 1802)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, larval burrows and equipment for collecting the larvae: 5. – larva in the burrow, scale bar 50 mm; 6. – burrows in poor bog iron ore with sandstone impurities, scale bar 50 mm; 7. – burrows crossing the wood, scale bar 50 mm; 8. – equipment used by fishermen and dealers for collecting the larvae, scale bar 50 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="13DB6527FF8FB056FF53FF34FACFBF9A" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="5B7E36ACFF8FB056FF53FF34FACFBF9A" blockId="4.[151,1437,195,897]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8FB056FF53FF34FD24BEA8" box="[151,727,195,222]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Threats and recommendations for conservation</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9CC14D2FFF8FB056FD2FFF34FC1BBEA8" baseAuthorityName="Georgi" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[747,1000,195,222]" class="Insecta" family="Palingeniidae" genus="Palingenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuliginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8FB056FD2FFF34FC1BBEA8" box="[747,1000,195,222]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Palingenia fuliginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a highly stenobiotic species that prefers only the oxygenated unpolluted waterbodies. As the result, species inhabits only a few rare
|
||
<typeStatus id="847A880EFF8FB056FAF8FF11FA89BF76" box="[1340,1402,230,256]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of microhabitats in some middle-sized rives within
|
||
<collectingCountry id="23D6763CFF8FB056FD36FEF0FCA7BF54" box="[754,852,263,290]" name="Ukraine" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
|
||
. We suppose that at the present time there are several main factors influencing the abundance of the species in discovered habitats except of the moderate pollution. The first factor is the significant decrease of the average water level in Horyn’ and Styr Rivers in last few years. Because of this decrease the main part of the suitable microhabitats appeared to be located above the water during most of a year. Many old burrows made by larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9CC14D2FFF8FB056FB87FE78FB2FBFDF" baseAuthorityName="Georgi" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[1091,1244,398,425]" class="Insecta" family="Palingeniidae" genus="Palingenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuliginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8FB056FB87FE78FB2FBFDF" box="[1091,1244,398,425]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">P. fuliginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were registered above the water level. Now only a small area with suitable microhabitats was preserved in these rivers. Larvae of the species can not inhabit bottom and neighboring microhabitats because of their siltation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="13DB6527FF8FB056FF27FE04FA6BBDF7" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="5B7E36ACFF8FB056FF27FE04FAC8BD4B" blockId="4.[151,1437,195,897]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">
|
||
The second factor is the human factor. It is very popular among the people of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9905F84EFF8FB056FB47FE04FAD5BC78" box="[1155,1318,499,526]" country="Ukraine" name="Rivne" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Rivne Region</collectingRegion>
|
||
to collect the larvae and winged stages (imagoes and subimagoes) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9CC14D2FFF8FB056FCACFDE1FBF3BC46" baseAuthorityName="Georgi" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[872,1024,533,560]" class="Insecta" family="Palingeniidae" genus="Palingenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuliginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8FB056FCACFDE1FBF3BC46" box="[872,1024,533,560]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">P. fuliginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
for fishing. We consider this as a significant threat. People use special hand device that scrapes the substrate to collect the larvae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C3FA2A29FF8FB056FA81FDC1FA7EBC27" box="[1349,1421,566,593]" captionStart="Figures 5–8" captionStartId="3.[151,237,1863,1887]" captionTargetBox="[151,1419,189,1783]" captionTargetId="figure-17@3.[151,1436,189,1826]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figures 5–8. Palingenia fuliginosa (Georgi, 1802), larval burrows and equipment for collecting the larvae: 5. – larva in the burrow, scale bar 50 mm; 6. – burrows in poor bog iron ore with sandstone impurities, scale bar 50 mm; 7. – burrows crossing the wood, scale bar 50 mm; 8. – equipment used by fishermen and dealers for collecting the larvae, scale bar 50 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8028201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8028201/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Because of this the large areas of rare suitable habitats of the species were destroyed. Also people collect the newly emerged winged stages (mainly subimagoes) with the light traps. Before the water level decrease in the Horyn’ and Styr Rivers some people collected for the sale up to one hundred (!) kilograms of larvae and up to 5–6 hundreds (!) kilograms of winged stages (mainly subimagoes). Obviously the caught subimagoes could not participate in the reproduction. Because of significant restriction of the species’ distribution in the region, small area and number of suitable microhabitats and big volume of collected mayflies, we consider the human activity as one of the significant threats for the discovered (!) populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9CC14D2FFF8FB056FB5AFCD3FAC7BD4B" baseAuthorityName="Georgi" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[1182,1332,802,829]" class="Insecta" family="Palingeniidae" genus="Palingenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuliginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8FB056FB5AFCD3FAC7BD4B" box="[1182,1332,802,829]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">P. fuliginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5B7E36ACFF8FB056FF27FCB3FA6BBDF7" blockId="4.[151,1437,195,897]" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">
|
||
Thus, we suppose that this species deserves to be included in the Red Data Book of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="23D6763CFF8FB056FB0FFCB3FADEBD29" box="[1227,1325,836,863]" name="Ukraine" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Detailed investigation (also genetic affinity to other populations) of discovered populations of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9CC14D2FFF8FB056FB47FC90FAEBBDF7" baseAuthorityName="Georgi" baseAuthorityYear="1802" box="[1155,1304,870,897]" class="Insecta" family="Palingeniidae" genus="Palingenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuliginosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="69B5EABEFF8FB056FB47FC90FAEBBDF7" box="[1155,1304,870,897]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="52">P. fuliginosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
continues.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |