179 lines
13 KiB
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179 lines
13 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365" ID-GBIF-Dataset="447d0c45-35c7-4aaa-b3b3-acbf7069da06" ID-PMC="PMC7082394" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-142-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1" ID-PubMed="32210671" ModsDocID="1314-2003-142-1" checkinTime="1584104974826" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Klopper, Ronell R., Crouch, Neil R., Smith, Gideon F. & van Wyk, Abraham E." docDate="2020" docId="3CCDD0B3585F5AF68EAB73E806B52063" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 142: 1-88" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 142" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365" docTitle="Aloe spectabilis Reynolds 1937" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1" masterDocTitle="A synoptic review of the aloes (Asphodelaceae, Alooideae) of KwaZulu-Natal, an ecologically diverse province in eastern South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668139702755" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A synoptic review of the aloes (Asphodelaceae, Alooideae) of KwaZulu-Natal, an ecologically diverse province in eastern South Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Klopper, Ronell R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Crouch, Neil R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, Gideon F.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>van Wyk, Abraham E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>142</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>88</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-142-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="162487035" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3CCDD0B3585F5AF68EAB73E806B52063" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3CCDD0B3585F5AF68EAB73E806B52063" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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E
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<taxonomicName LSID="3CCDD0B3-585F-5AF6-8EAB-73E806B52063" authority="Reynolds" authorityName="Reynolds" authorityYear="1937" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe spectabilis" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spectabilis">Aloe spectabilis Reynolds</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Natal aloe (English); natalaalwyn (Afrikaans); umhlaba (Zulu).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Solitary, arborescent plant up to 5 m high.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stem</emphasis>
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simple, rarely forked high up, erect, up to 4 m high, densely covered with persistent dried leaves.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
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densely rosulate, suberect to spreading and eventually pendent, dull green, sometimes reddish tinged, without spots, usually with copious spines on both leaf surfaces, lanceolate-ensiform,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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100 cm long, 12-15 cm wide at base; margin with stout, pungent, reddish to brownish teeth, 5-7 mm long, 10-20 mm apart; exudate honey-coloured.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescence</emphasis>
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erect, much-branched, lower branches rebranched.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Racemes</emphasis>
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cylindrical, rather truncate,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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25 cm long, 9-10 cm wide, erect to suberect, dense.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Floral bracts</emphasis>
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4-5 mm long, 5 mm wide.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pedicels</emphasis>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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3 mm long.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowers</emphasis>
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:
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">perianth</emphasis>
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yellow to golden-yellow, buds with slightly redder tinge,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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32 mm long,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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5 mm wide across ovary, enlarging above ovary, narrowing towards mouth, slightly decurved; outer segments free for
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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15 mm;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">stamens</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">style</emphasis>
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exserted 20 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="flowering time">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowering time.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">June-August.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Wide variety of habitats, including rocky places and open situations in grassland and savannah on hills.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnostic characters.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Reynolds" authorityYear="1937" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe spectabilis" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spectabilis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe spectabilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from the other tall often single-stemmed aloes in KwaZulu-Natal (
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<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Berger" authorityYear="1906" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe candelabrum" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="candelabrum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe candelabrum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Berger" authorityYear="1905" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe marlothii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="marlothii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe marlothii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe pluridens" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pluridens">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe pluridens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1896" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe rupestris" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rupestris">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe rupestris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1880" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe thraskii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thraskii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe thraskii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) with branched inflorescences, by having large (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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100
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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12-15 cm), suberect to spreading, eventually pendent leaves that usually have copious spines on both surfaces and pungent, reddish to brownish marginal teeth. The inflorescence is much-branched and rebranched with erect to suberect, very dense, cylindrical, rather truncate racemes of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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25 cm long. Flowers are golden-yellow to reddish tinged and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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32 mm long with the inner segment tips dull to glossy deep purplish-black to black and the exserted portion of the stamens orange (not with purplish segment tips and deep purple filaments as in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="A. Berger" authorityYear="1905" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe marlothii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="marlothii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe marlothii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Least Concern (
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<bibRefCitation author="Raimondo, D" journalOrPublisher="South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B37" refString="Raimondo, D, Von Staden, L, Foden, W, Victor, JE, Helme, NA, Turner, RC, Kamundi, DA, Manyama, PA, 2009. Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria." title="Red List of South African Plants. Strelitzia 25. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria." year="2009">Raimondo et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Occurs in a small area in west-central KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Plants on the farm Bester Schrik, Winburg, Free State, South Africa, 5 km north of the Korannaberg, are a naturalised population (blue on map; Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Aloe spectabilis. Photo: G. F. Smith." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/388266" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">40</figureCitation>
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) (For more details see
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n28.2010.a6" author="Klopper, RR" journalOrPublisher="Bradleya" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="37 - 38" refId="B25" refString="Klopper, RR, Zietsman, PC, Du Preez, PJ, Smith, GF, 2010. A first record of a South African aloe, Aloe spectabilis, becoming naturalised elsewhere in the country. Bradleya 28: 37 - 38, DOI: https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n28.2010.a6" title="A first record of a South African aloe, Aloe spectabilis, becoming naturalised elsewhere in the country." url="https://doi.org/10.25223/brad.n28.2010.a6" volume="28" year="2010">Klopper et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/388266" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 40" startId="F40">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 40.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Reynolds" authorityYear="1937" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe spectabilis" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spectabilis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe spectabilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Photo: G.F. Smith.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |