1050 lines
124 KiB
XML
1050 lines
124 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="6817B827BB99BBF346E1779E8742A005">Four in one: An integrative taxonomic revision of the Microhyla berdmorei complex (Amphibia: Anura: Microhylidae) illustrates the tremendous amphibian diversity of Southeast Asia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BD43E5D172BD78976AC3715F6D23EAAC">Trofimets, Alexei V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D0A8498DC5D5C93E2B8EC344A8290F52">Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, Moscow 119234, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="958A347197310084B91D21F9D3D65F2A">Dufresnes, Christophe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="242B7901A40FBA3C7BB7CC8B21CDCEE0">Laboratory of Amphibian Systematics and Evolutionary Research, College of Biology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, People’s Republic of China & Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE-PSL, Université des Antilles, Paris, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="8338254BA0953B20F66B329465D029A4">Division of Fishery, School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand & Rabbit in the Moon Foundation, Suanphueng, Ratchaburi 70180, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="71F3743FC67D815634892C4E77447530">Gorin, Vladislav A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="26D84E18CC2B8C2C5CDE386180EF11EA">Hasan, Mahmudul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5C0D7B4586374FB676BF42C4F44ABACF">Department of Fisheries, Bangamata Sheikh Fojilatunnesa Mujib Science & Technology University, Melandah, Jamalpur- 2012, Bangladesh</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="45F3CE4028891D1488DC86F8FC433FB2">Lalremsanga, Hmar Tlawmte</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5831C7BAB886D7B3B3D9C9C9741CCB32">Developmental Biology and Herpetology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, Mizoram 796004, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="92A0679E878906FB72E3A47363253976">Muin, Mohd Abdul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5C90884A568133BE67E4B060C29B46CA">Centre for Global Sustainability Studies, Hamzah Sendut Library 1, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F2282CBBEC5B4A3D216E309264B4F45C">Le, Dac Xuan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D522674E4C5502F70593C09B67F34986">Joint Vietnam - Russia Tropical Science and Technology Research Center, 63 Nguyen Van Huyen Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi 122000, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="54BE09A66E08E9552E2C3874F5B003E1">Nguyen, Tan Van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="82C06BF277BEAC6BCDF26D11E6C35F21">Institute for Research and Training in Medicine, Biology and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="13CC03D4B4E5B6AE129E81CFCC007453">Suwannapoom, Chatmongkon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BBD7AA0E3BD0F3443A300FD4E6B1ADB8">College of Medicine and Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, 120 Hoang Minh Thao, Lien Chieu, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5ACB46C3D5E8B19D073F5515BFC8A761">Poyarkov, Nikolay A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DB4F0872AF0CE2BBF5C60D363AF1F6EE">Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, Moscow 119234, Russia & Joint Vietnam - Russia Tropical Science and Technology Research Center, 63 Nguyen Van Huyen Road, Nghia Do, Cau Giay, Hanoi 122000, Vietnam</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="DC1918BDAE9879B5EF137A7E154E0AD1">Vertebrate Zoology</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="32DF51C299919D6DEE7B7E994AEAB28A">
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<mods:date id="7F5315294FEEF6E319799964A12A73BC">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="95FAE8ED7FFA5981A2AEEB6481244108" ID-arpha="95FAE8ED-7FFA-5981-A2AE-EB6481244108" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/4D1D46BF-FED6-4A6C-8EE9-8017399D570E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95FAE8ED7FFA5981A2AEEB6481244108" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4D1D46BF-FED6-4A6C-8EE9-8017399D570E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/95FAE8ED7FFA5981A2AEEB6481244108">
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<subSubSection id="20B747A0C972939516B6FA6C6E5C1D12" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="6370455A2FBAD22DF4CBBD9CCD3EB464">
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<taxonomicName id="BEE8CDA0462F197BD41A736020F81032" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundaica" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="997E118F370A0DDE5B600D5DF5F660E4" italics="true">Microhyla sundaica</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="3BB72087C65806CF135FA73A8284242B" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="F8DF4FAEE98D64AC6939DE7994431B44" type="description">
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<figureCitation id="5A42A1F8A51A9EAC11B807E619D33757" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Dorsal aspects of fourth toes (A, C, E, G) and third fingers (B, D, F, H) of the Microhyla berdmorei species complex members. А, B M. berdmorei sensu stricto, MZMU A- 8005; C, D M. malcolmi, ZMMU A- 7973; E, F M. sundaica sp. nov., ZMMU A- 8011, holotype; G, H M. peninsularis sp. nov., ZMMU A- 8016, holotype. Scale bar equals to 1 mm. Drawings by A. M. Bragin." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148197">Figures 6 E – F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="A0F91A906C73B237EEC6ABB0AE2BFE24" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Members of the Microhyla berdmorei species complex in life. А M. berdmorei sensu stricto, MZMU A- 8005 and MZMU A- 8003 (a couple showing cephalic amplexus) from Aizawl, Mizoram State, India; B M. malcolmi, ZMMU A- 7973 from Than To, Yala Province, Thailand; C M. sundaica sp. nov., ZMMU A- 8011 (holotype) from environs of Sungai Tua Recreational Forest, Selangor State, Malaysia; D M. peninsularis sp. nov., ZMMU A- 8016 (holotype) from Lam Plok Waterfall, Trang Province, Thailand. Photographs by: A. M. Bragin (A), N. A. Poyarkov (B), A. T. Aful (C), P. Pawangkhanant (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148198">7 C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="029B910027D8E777F86323187C18A506" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Male advertisement call of the M. berdmorei species complex members, showing a 8 s waveform of relative amplitude (Rel. amp., above), the corresponding spectrogram of the same call (Spec., middle), and expanded 3.6 s waveform of relative amplitude of the same call (Exp. Rel. amp., below) for each species. A M. berdmorei from Aizawl, Mizoram State, India; B M. malcolmi from Song Hinh Forest Reserve, Phu Yen Province, Vietnam; C M. sundaica sp. nov. from Gunung Jerai Mt., Kedah State, Peninsular Malaysia." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148201">10 C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1EAA2B61733D764CFF309D4ECC224B34" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Microhyla sundaica sp. nov. in preservative – ZMMU A- 8011 (holotype, adult male) from environs of Sungai Tua Recreational Forest, Selangor State, Malaysia: A Dorsal aspect; B ventral aspect; C plantar view of the right foot; D volar view of the left hand; E lateral view of head. Scale bar equals 3 mm. Photographs by A. V. Trofimets." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148205">14</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="1FFC4DDBCE5AE875626537993FEDF21A" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Natural habitat of Microhyla sundaica sp. nov. at the type locality in Sungai Tua, Selangor State, Peninsular Malaysia (A), and in Gunung Jerai Mt., Kedah State, Peninsular Malaysia (B); calling males of M. sundaica sp. nov. from Sedim, Kedah State, Peninsular Malaysia in situ (C, D) (not collected). Photographs by M. A. Muin." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148206">15 C – D; Tables 2, 3, 6</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0ERLEK" type="Suggested common name">
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<paragraph id="3651FB6396887EB98B05AAEBE49C451A">
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<heading id="C18C2F4010FB72EABE82F6CC769954F6" reason="title">Suggested common name.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FCE0A6778F15421585938344001327CB">Sundaic narrow-mouthed frog.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0EWLEK" type="Chresonymy">
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<paragraph id="EE3E750872A3F689AB6FE9C392BA9475">
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<heading id="EBEBC740F17C26F8BBDEC731E5DC96E8" reason="title">Chresonymy.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="2CE9E47ACF9C117635CA79E7C5CDD3CC" ID-CoL="42X9L" baseAuthorityName="Blyth" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="berdmorei">
|
||
<emphasis id="01EFE9711A8D818745556B5BD48C934F" italics="true">Microhyla berdmorei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
—
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="48F6E94321487EA611FB78992F128EA8" author="Inger RF" page="149 - 151" year="1966">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D9813A8F5AC5CD3F4D81CCF5B2D87F1D" author="Inger RF" firstAuthor="Inger" journalOrPublisher="Zoology" page="149 - 151" pagination="1-402" refId="B98" refString="Inger RF (1966) The systematics and zoogeography of the Amphibia of Borneo. Fieldiana. Zoology 52: 1–402." title="The systematics and zoogeography of the Amphibia of Borneo. Fieldiana." volume="52" year="1966">Inger (1966: 149–151</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="CC6A5F8D40F983C5C1E992E0E164ADEA" author="Grandison AGC" page="59" year="1972">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4BCC3DC69EFE4CB4C8E7F7156FB10443" author="Grandison AGC" firstAuthor="Grandison" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Museum Zoology" page="59" pagination="43-101" refId="B70" refString="Grandison AGC (1972) The Gunong Benom expedition 1967. 5. Reptiles and amphibians of Gunong Benom with a description of a new species of Macrocalamus. Bulletin of the British Museum Zoology 23: 43–101." title="The Gunong Benom expedition 1967. 5. Reptiles and amphibians of Gunong Benom with a description of a new species of Macrocalamus." volume="23" year="1972">Grandison (1972: 59</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="6C50D32024B2F62B58533CEB96717FC5" author="Dring JCM" page="194" year="1979">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="28205FBDA60A6D5B238FD956A350444D" author="Dring JCM" firstAuthor="Dring" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Museum Zoology" page="194" pagination="181-241" refId="B45" refString="Dring JCM (1979) Amphibians and reptiles from northern Trengganu, Malaysia, with descriptions of two new geckos: Cnemaspis and Cyrtodactylus. Bulletin of the British Museum Zoology 34: 181–241." title="Amphibians and reptiles from northern Trengganu, Malaysia, with descriptions of two new geckos: Cnemaspis and Cyrtodactylus." volume="34" year="1979">Dring (1979: 194</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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, in part);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="62D9471290222EC801C7B1FE2031DE99" author="Malkmus R & Manthey U & Vogel G & Hoffmann & Kosuch J" page="130 - 131" year="2002">
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<bibRefCitation id="F97B52C2785FB08685B70B25AEF6462A" author="Malkmus R & Manthey U & Vogel G & Hoffmann & Kosuch J" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Malkmus" journalOrPublisher="Ganter Verlag, Ruggell" page="130 - 131" refId="B116" refString="Malkmus R, Manthey U, Vogel G, Hoffmann, Kosuch J (2002) Amphibians and Reptiles of Mount Kinabalu (North Borneo). Ganter Verlag, Ruggell, 424 pp." title="Amphibians and Reptiles of Mount Kinabalu (North Borneo)." year="2002">Malkmus et al. (2002: 130–131</bibRefCitation>
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, in part);
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<treatmentCitation id="3F9E9E374024AAC53D66EB7549AC59D6" author="Grismer LL & Sukumaran J & Grismer JL & Youman TM & Wood PL & Johnson J" page="18" year="2004">
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<bibRefCitation id="BB12A7BF4D3664797CF67EC9F7E5F497" author="Grismer LL & Sukumaran J & Grismer JL & Youman TM & Wood PL & Johnson J" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Grismer" journalOrPublisher="Hamadryad" page="18" pagination="15-32" refId="B73" refString="Grismer LL, Sukumaran J, Grismer JL, Youman TM, Wood PL, Johnson J (2004) Report on the Herpetofauna from the Temengor Forest Reserve, Perak, West Malaysia. Hamadryad 29: 15–32." title="Report on the Herpetofauna from the Temengor Forest Reserve, Perak, West Malaysia." volume="29" year="2004">Grismer et al. (2004: 18</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, in part);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="63BAF67E4FD9096B1771B080949AC50B" author="Das I & Yaakob N" page="68" year="2007">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="62A202B6F89B3EF36FBFDABEBBE33E77" author="Das I & Yaakob N" editor="Chua LSL & Kirton LG & Saw LG" firstAuthor="Das" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Seminar and Workshop, 28-30 June 2005" page="68" pagination="31-81" refId="B36" refString="Das I, Yaakob N (2007) Status of knowledge of the Malaysian herpetofauna. In: Chua LSL, Kirton LG, Saw LG (Eds) Status of Biological Diversity in Malaysia and Threat Assessment of Plant Species in Malaysia. Proceedings of the Seminar and Workshop, 28-30 June 2005, 31–81." title="Status of knowledge of the Malaysian herpetofauna." volumeTitle="Status of Biological Diversity in Malaysia and Threat Assessment of Plant Species in Malaysia." year="2007">Das and Yaakob (2007: 68</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, in part);
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<treatmentCitation id="1FE27314C3AE816E219352D72E238C37" author="Grismer LL & Aun PK" page="277" year="2008">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="79D14EDE7C10F575E463E05281FF04EA" author="Grismer LL & Aun PK" firstAuthor="Grismer" journalOrPublisher="Herpetological Review" page="277" pagination="270-281" refId="B72" refString="Grismer LL, Aun PK (2008) Diversity, endemism, and conservation of the amphibians and reptiles of southern Peninsular Malaysia and its offshore islands. Herpetological Review 39: 270–281." title="Diversity, endemism, and conservation of the amphibians and reptiles of southern Peninsular Malaysia and its offshore islands." volume="39" year="2008">Grismer and Aun (2008: 277</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, in part);
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<treatmentCitation id="641EDCFC7BB8F2F3AABC7536D998D991" author="Chan KO & Belabut D & Ahmad N" page="203" year="2010">
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<bibRefCitation id="D349A9A21F504ECED84A241BED93E8F3" author="Chan KO & Belabut D & Ahmad N" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chan" journalOrPublisher="Russian Journal of Herpetology" page="203" pagination="202-206" refId="B20" refString="Chan KO, Belabut D, Ahmad N (2010) A revised checklist of the amphibians of Peninsular Malaysia. Russian Journal of Herpetology 17: 202–206." title="A revised checklist of the amphibians of Peninsular Malaysia." volume="17" year="2010">Chan et al. (2010: 203</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, in part);
|
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<treatmentCitation id="4D83B7494F2FC4208F94AEF65F763F57" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6197872" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6197872" author="Teynié A & David P & Ohler A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D087F8FF94FF81AADDFF05FD65FD0A" page="8" year="2010">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="07C07B6B597D7F9BCACC4B6F1B8D0FC9" author="Teynié A & David P & Ohler A" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Teynie" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" page="8" pagination="1-43" refId="B176" refString="Teynié A, David P, Ohler A (2010) Note on a collection of amphibians and reptiles from western Sumatra (Indonesia), with the description of a new species of the genus Bufo. Zootaxa 2416: 1–43." title="Note on a collection of amphibians and reptiles from western Sumatra (Indonesia), with the description of a new species of the genus Bufo." volume="2416" year="2010">Teynié et al. (2010: 8)</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="904EEC3E50754DC117E09BA47F3A5582" author="Matsui M" page="35" year="2011">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DD246D932BA301E679DF5920EF49169C" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.2814.1.3" author="Matsui M" firstAuthor="Matsui" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" page="35" pagination="33-49" refId="B121" refString="Matsui M (2011) Taxonomic revision of one of the Old World’s smallest frogs, with description of a new Bornean Microhyla (Amphibia, Microhylidae). Zootaxa 2814: 33–49. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2814.1.3" title="Taxonomic revision of one of the Old World’s smallest frogs, with description of a new Bornean Microhyla (Amphibia, Microhylidae)." volume="2814" year="2011">Matsui (2011: 35</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 39);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="379F1D2C38A3BE7F95A9A50058E90020" author="Matsui M & Hamidy A & Belabut DM & Ahmad N & Panha S & Sudin A & Khonsue W & Oh HS & Yong HS & Jiang JP & Nishikawa K" page="168" year="2011">
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<bibRefCitation id="BD94417CCD41DD5FE53F11665465D755" DOI="10.1016/j.ympev.2011.05.015" author="Matsui M & Hamidy A & Belabut DM & Ahmad N & Panha S & Sudin A & Khonsue W & Oh HS & Yong HS & Jiang JP & Nishikawa K" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Matsui" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" page="168" pagination="167-176" refId="B122" refString="Matsui M, Hamidy A, Belabut DM, Ahmad N, Panha S, Sudin A, Khonsue W, Oh HS, Yong HS, Jiang JP, Nishikawa K (2011) Systematic relationships of Oriental tiny frogs of the family Microhylidae (Amphibia, Anura) as revealed by mtDNA genealogy. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 61: 167–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2011.05.015" title="Systematic relationships of Oriental tiny frogs of the family Microhylidae (Amphibia, Anura) as revealed by mtDNA genealogy." volume="61" year="2011">Matsui et al. (2011: 168</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 171, 174, in part);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="222C3C76D869B66738E31E76300615A5" author="Pradana TG & Hamidy A & Farajallah A & Smith EN" page="70 - 90" year="2017">
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<bibRefCitation id="831F5076BBAF4126B58645A1B9A28CF2" author="Pradana TG & Hamidy A & Farajallah A & Smith EN" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Pradana" journalOrPublisher="Zoo Indonesia" page="70 - 90" pagination="70-90" refId="B153" refString="Pradana TG, Hamidy A, Farajallah A, Smith EN (2017) Molecular identification on Microhyla, Tschudi 1838 from Sumatra based on 16 s rRNA mitochondrial gene. Zoo Indonesia 26: 70–90." title="Molecular identification on Microhyla, Tschudi 1838 from Sumatra based on 16 s rRNA mitochondrial gene." volume="26" year="2017">Pradana et al. (2017: 70–90</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="2D3DDD6E6317F60FA49B701809E39821" author="Firdaus AS & Ratih N & Karima I & Kusuma AT & Suastika NM" page="1 - 6" year="2018">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="8DEF8A059E50616698724E413F610B6D" author="Firdaus AS & Ratih N & Karima I & Kusuma AT & Suastika NM" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Firdaus" journalOrPublisher="Bioinformatics and Biomedical Research Journal" page="1 - 6" pagination="1-6" refId="B58" refString="Firdaus AS, Ratih N, Karima I, Kusuma AT, Suastika NM (2018) Phylogenetic relationship of genus Microhyla (Amphibia, Anura) in Sunda Shelf including Sumatera, Java, Borneo, and Peninsular Malaysia as revealed by 16 S rRNA mtDNA gene sequences. Bioinformatics and Biomedical Research Journal 1: 1–6." title="Phylogenetic relationship of genus Microhyla (Amphibia, Anura) in Sunda Shelf including Sumatera, Java, Borneo, and Peninsular Malaysia as revealed by 16 S rRNA mtDNA gene sequences." volume="1" year="2018">Firdaus et al. (2018: 1–6</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, in part);
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<treatmentCitation id="D20C8BE449BC269F1F11925E1046891B" author="Haas A & Kueh BH & Joseph A & Asri MB & Das I & Hagmann R & Schwander L & Hertwig ST" page="89 - 114" year="2018">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="860E52FFDFCCD3351BA2364B88F186F8" DOI="10.3897/evolsyst.2.27020" author="Haas A & Kueh BH & Joseph A & Asri MB & Das I & Hagmann R & Schwander L & Hertwig ST" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Haas" journalOrPublisher="Evolutionary Systematics" page="89 - 114" pagination="89-114" refId="B78" refString="Haas A, Kueh BH, Joseph A, Asri MB, Das I, Hagmann R, Schwander L, Hertwig ST (2018) An updated checklist of the amphibian diversity of Maliau Basin Conservation Area, Sabah, Malaysia. Evolutionary Systematics 2: 89–114. https://doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.2.27020" title="An updated checklist of the amphibian diversity of Maliau Basin Conservation Area, Sabah, Malaysia." volume="2" year="2018">Haas et al. (2018: 89–114)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="C39757EA0ACF52F278E9AD70DBAF58DA" author="Chan KO & Muin MA & Anuar S & Andam J & Razak N & Aziz MA" page="1057" year="2019">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="FB4A1A98D060F2101DB18884F4E4A417" DOI="10.15560/15.6.1055" author="Chan KO & Muin MA & Anuar S & Andam J & Razak N & Aziz MA" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chan" journalOrPublisher="Check List" page="1057" pagination="1055-1069" refId="B23" refString="Chan KO, Muin MA, Anuar S, Andam J, Razak N, Aziz MA (2019) First checklist on the amphibians and reptiles of Mount Korbu, the second highest peak in Peninsular Malaysia. Check List 15: 1055–1069. https://doi.org/10.15560/15.6.1055" title="First checklist on the amphibians and reptiles of Mount Korbu, the second highest peak in Peninsular Malaysia." volume="15" year="2019">Chan et al. (2019: 1057</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="9FAFFF77DD6DF511BA74D4449E7C5B4D" author="Nguyen LT & Poyarkov NA & Nguyen TT & Nguyen TA & Nguyen VH & Gorin VA & Murphy RW & Nguyen SN" page="549 - 580" year="2019">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="87C9315DB4D7134F14C33C6132C3C983" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4543.4.4" author="Nguyen LT & Poyarkov NA & Nguyen TT & Nguyen TA & Nguyen VH & Gorin VA & Murphy RW & Nguyen SN" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Nguyen" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" page="549 - 580" pagination="549-580" refId="B132" refString="Nguyen LT, Poyarkov NA, Nguyen TT, Nguyen TA, Nguyen VH, Gorin VA, Murphy RW, Nguyen SN (2019) A new species of the genus Microhyla Tschudi, 1838 (Amphibia: Anura: Microhylidae) from Tay Nguyen Plateau, Central Vietnam. Zootaxa 4543: 549–580. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4543.4.4" title="A new species of the genus Microhyla Tschudi, 1838 (Amphibia: Anura: Microhylidae) from Tay Nguyen Plateau, Central Vietnam." volume="4543" year="2019">Nguyen et al. (2019: 549–580</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, in part);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="34135101379A595C7884CB9E4FA50297" author="Gorin VA & Solovyeva EN & Hasan M & Okamiya H & Karunarathna DMSS & Pawangkhanant P & de Silva A & Juthong W & Milto KD & Nguyen LT & Suwannapoom C & Haas A & Bickford DP & Das I & Poyarkov NA" page="1 - 47" year="2020">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="3C12F38E781225667BA6E2D56E27C185" DOI="10.7717/peerj.9411" author="Gorin VA & Solovyeva EN & Hasan M & Okamiya H & Karunarathna DMSS & Pawangkhanant P & de Silva A & Juthong W & Milto KD & Nguyen LT & Suwannapoom C & Haas A & Bickford DP & Das I & Poyarkov NA" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Gorin" page="1 - 47" refId="B67" refString="Gorin VA, Solovyeva EN, Hasan M, Okamiya H, Karunarathna DMSS, Pawangkhanant P, de Silva A, Juthong W, Milto KD, Nguyen LT, Suwannapoom C, Haas A, Bickford DP, Das I, Poyarkov NA (2020) A little frog leaps a long way: Compounded colonizations of the Indian subcontinent discovered in the tiny Oriental frog genus Microhyla (Amphibia: Microhylidae). PeerJ 8: e 9411. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9411" year="2020">Gorin et al. (2020: 1–47</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="815852CBAD635D58322F191BFF3D1EB9" author="Gorin VA & Scherz MD & Korost DV & Poyarkov NA" page="97" year="2021">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AE4CC55087A9EA406091EA437BD8CA5D" DOI="10.3897/zse.97.57968" author="Gorin VA & Scherz MD & Korost DV & Poyarkov NA" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Gorin" journalOrPublisher="Zoosystematics and Evolution" page="97" pagination="21-54" refId="B66" refString="Gorin VA, Scherz MD, Korost DV, Poyarkov NA (2021) Consequences of parallel miniaturisation in Microhylinae (Anura, Microhylidae), with the description of a new genus of diminutive South East Asian frogs. Zoosystematics and Evolution 97: 21–54. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.57968" title="Consequences of parallel miniaturisation in Microhylinae (Anura, Microhylidae), with the description of a new genus of diminutive South East Asian frogs." volume="97" year="2021">Gorin et al. (2021: 97</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="9EDE36F92887B1CA912ADE8F5D4C502D" author="Poyarkov NA & Nguyen TV & Popov ES & Geissler P & Pawangkhanant P & Neang T & Suwannapoom C & Orlov NL" page="40" year="2021">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="E2087FF7D20C5C744C691298A114CADE" DOI="10.30906/1026-2296-2021-28-3A-1-110" author="Poyarkov NA & Nguyen TV & Popov ES & Geissler P & Pawangkhanant P & Neang T & Suwannapoom C & Orlov NL" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Poyarkov" page="40" refId="B147" refString="Poyarkov NA, Nguyen TV, Popov ES, Geissler P, Pawangkhanant P, Neang T, Suwannapoom C, Orlov NL (2021) Recent progress in taxonomic studies, biogeographic analysis and revised checklist of amphibians in Indochina. Russian Journal of Herpetology 28: 1–10. https://doi.org/10.30906/1026-2296-2021-28-3A-1-110" year="2021">Poyarkov et al. (2021: 40</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, in part);
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="F5FA06D68B71F306763B2E93C0250691" author="Haas A & Das I & Hertwig ST & Bublies P & Schulz-Schaeffer R" page="304 - 305" year="2022">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D9EBBCF4B771EFFDB91EE060EE430799" author="Haas A & Das I & Hertwig ST & Bublies P & Schulz-Schaeffer R" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Haas" journalOrPublisher="Tredition, Hamburg" page="304 - 305" refId="B77" refString="Haas A, Das I, Hertwig ST, Bublies P, Schulz-Schaeffer R (2022) A Guide to the Tadpoles of Borneo. Tredition, Hamburg, 281 pp." title="A Guide to the Tadpoles of Borneo." year="2022">Haas et al. (2022: 304–305)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
; Badli-Sham et a l. (2023: 49, 82, in part);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="121F56EB98DBC9118B798138D15E9270" author="Frost" firstAuthor="Frost" refId="B61" refString="Frost DR (2024) Amphibian Species of the World: An Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History, New York. http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html [accessed on 15 May 2024]." url="http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.html" year="2024">Frost (2024</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: page “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5177CB5798DFA03688DE99A314608120" baseAuthorityName="Blyth" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="berdmorei">
|
||
<emphasis id="5646CFD3D3210A1ABB7C21C337DEA755" italics="true">Microhyla berdmorei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” in part).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHPEK" type="Holotype">
|
||
<paragraph id="4A439F05080F1DD1F72D9CEBE7733AEA">
|
||
<heading id="F6F6F8B53AE414CC11B13E0E1AE93FBA" reason="title">
|
||
<typeStatus id="A20D4508B05A5CD8A561CA57300CD2A3" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DDBFC0921F51E54A58413BF542126966">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="D021238B0729CDF4C220A451CF38DAA3" collectingDate="2003-01-27" collectionCode="ZMMU" collectorName="A. T. Aful." country="Malaysia" latitude="3.32" location="Sungai Tua Recreational Forest" longLatPrecision="784" longitude="101.7" specimenCode="ZMMU A-8011" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Selangor State" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCode id="45CE2A037452529615EC968B4C2B822A">
|
||
<named-content id="9B03AB4EC656DE0FF4B574EA602406BA" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoological-museum-moscow-lomonosov-state-university" xlink_title="Zoological Museum of Moscow University">ZMMU</named-content>
|
||
A-8011
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="5C915D3F13D90EAD6546AD02CC81C99A" count="1" type="female">adult female</specimenCount>
|
||
from environs of
|
||
<location id="E1C82B9B0D09035BC09E0BED9C2E4789" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95FAE8ED7FFA5981A2AEEB6481244108:E1C82B9B0D09035BC09E0BED9C2E4789" country="Malaysia" latitude="3.32" longLatPrecision="784" longitude="101.7" name="Sungai Tua Recreational Forest" stateProvince="Selangor State">Sungai Tua Recreational Forest</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="02DDF8183CDCB230D9F933EFDA3BE249" country="Malaysia" name="Selangor">Selangor State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="79721AA4285AA36BCFEEA14D10F34326" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(approximate coordinates:
|
||
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EVPEK" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[101.700000,3.320000]}">
|
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<geoCoordinate id="F53D48E68516565A1324C4D95BA033B6" degrees="3.32" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="3.32">3.32 ° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="5775F1C49E4254FD537F7295C6572ABD" degrees="101.70" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="101.7">101.70 ° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</named-content>
|
||
), collected on
|
||
<date id="CC0DD8BD4E7679D14C43DF38476FD6FF" value="2003-01-27">
|
||
<collectingDate id="3F0A8C13B3551150C187811DB7F36AD5" value="2003-01-27">January 27, 2003</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, by
|
||
<collectorName id="563412F65061B288D8923FD05991533B">A. T. Aful.</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FD219413F58B5CC1648FCFC3359FA490">
|
||
<heading id="F6D378605CF00292646252307C4F6CEE" reason="title">
|
||
<typeStatus id="3BA20917DE8E08AD80A7CD656386CE6D" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(n = 5).
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="88B9D3011BB0C6A2F1A8F22D094FBF28">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="71475487B2A5ABBC92693B9D56446DF0" collectingDate="2003-01-27" collectionCode="ZMMU" collectorName="A. T. Aful." country="Malaysia" latitude="3.32" location="Sungai Tua Recreational Forest" longLatPrecision="784" longitude="101.7" specimenCode="ZMMU A-8012, ZMMU A-8014, ZMMU A-8010, ZMMU A-8013" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Selangor State" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="0817D156D5CA83FBC7080368458FD580" count="2" type="male">Two adult males</specimenCount>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="B8B276B8406E1FF61D8E7B6EFAE4B0B5">
|
||
<named-content id="355BEBA4163FDA810FD99912542B58EC" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoological-museum-moscow-lomonosov-state-university" xlink_title="Zoological Museum of Moscow University">ZMMU</named-content>
|
||
A-8012
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCode id="51B5DCF5E9E83D7A199E5B5C97602DBC">
|
||
<named-content id="F696DC07050D7A511319D36C5D1F46CD" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoological-museum-moscow-lomonosov-state-university" xlink_title="Zoological Museum of Moscow University">ZMMU</named-content>
|
||
A-8014
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="B2733B3D7B9B641FE10FE13E6C4AE657" count="2" type="female">two adult females</specimenCount>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="CB81D6709DC75B6689CA5AFEA19622DA">
|
||
<named-content id="22241446C2967213F3D102A4F4D5F2D1" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoological-museum-moscow-lomonosov-state-university" xlink_title="Zoological Museum of Moscow University">ZMMU</named-content>
|
||
A-8010
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="8D059D80E3B951D8A24A71A6D234621B">
|
||
<named-content id="1E73018A9787CA72AABC64616DE43011" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoological-museum-moscow-lomonosov-state-university" xlink_title="Zoological Museum of Moscow University">ZMMU</named-content>
|
||
A-8013
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, all collection data are the same as for the holotype
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="AC1C0D04D65E5C34A790D60B0C71ACE7" collectingDate="2003-01-18" collectionCode="ZMMU" collectorName="A. T. Aful" country="Malaysia" latitude="3.96" location="Kuala Tahan District" longLatPrecision="784" longitude="102.44" specimenCode="ZMMU A-6158" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Pahang State" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<specimenCount id="B4E54AD8B2DC9E9E3E7AEBC9915A60EE" count="1" type="male">One adult male</specimenCount>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCode id="50A2C5AE1F976CF065014EF97D5BE9D6">
|
||
<named-content id="B9596772AFC27998AF8C0B2514364DEE" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoological-museum-moscow-lomonosov-state-university" xlink_title="Zoological Museum of Moscow University">ZMMU</named-content>
|
||
A-6158
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
from
|
||
<location id="7981C11B6C7AB3FB83B42FDB60B67CD5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95FAE8ED7FFA5981A2AEEB6481244108:7981C11B6C7AB3FB83B42FDB60B67CD5" country="Malaysia" latitude="3.96" longLatPrecision="784" longitude="102.44" name="Kuala Tahan District" stateProvince="Pahang State">Kuala Tahan District</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7A154A532CDAA9F88F2A37802C9D4ED9" country="Malaysia" name="Pahang">Pahang State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2C8753056FF72933CF24A91CD9692D70" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(approximate coordinates:
|
||
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E3QEK" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[102.440000,3.960000]}">
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="1D83C54A64ACC62FA941A5C8D25947C1" degrees="3.96" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="3.96">3.96 ° N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="76E21DFB5E53374B84515EC68D3B5F83" degrees="102.44" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="102.44">102.44 ° E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
</named-content>
|
||
) collected on
|
||
<date id="1E2001ECB09D42526593BDEBC6D4E728" value="2003-01-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="8217345D263E842D6A61AFC7064DAF80" value="2003-01-18">January 18, 2003</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, by
|
||
<collectorName id="7D866BE0718F6266D5BDDF5868630939">A. T. Aful</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBREK" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="C8559977EA61E372A99EB847BABE0CEC">
|
||
<heading id="9B2A99879881D09062DCBA0FBDE62E0C" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C02401CA3DA668F82B422EB3DCA7C1B8">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CB5A214388BE565063A03EEFD8B918E9" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundaica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="00C625088E01E96B4C002E2DDD9E5E13" italics="true">Microhyla sundaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="79313B6F2DC9A2E5D3BEB0997B13D61E" bold="true">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9991AC727032504C9D71BE0B16893D8F" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is characterized by a combination of the following morphological features: (1) medium body size (
|
||
<quantity id="0B2B1DD1F9149F18DD7116E4EE2F4506" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.77" metricValueMax="2.79" metricValueMin="2.75" unit="mm" value="27.7" valueMax="27.9" valueMin="27.5">27.5-27.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
in males,
|
||
<quantity id="1DD7DEF5CCE5580AD1DE2FB578326A5C" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.985" metricValueMax="3.1399999999999997" metricValueMin="2.83" unit="mm" value="29.85" valueMax="31.4" valueMin="28.3">28.3-31.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in females), with moderately stocky and triangular body habitus; (2) head wider than long; (3) dorsal skin shagreened with numerous small tubercles; (4) snout pointed in dorsal and ventral views, bluntly rounded in lateral view; (5) first finger notably longer than half the length of second finger; (6) finger tips with well-developed disks bearing wide and deep dorsomedial grooves; (7) toes dilated in wide disks, each with complete and deep dorsomedial groove, separating the toe disk into a pair of scale-like pads; (8) tibiotarsal articulation of the adpressed limb extending far beyond the snout tip; (9) toe webbing reaching to the disks on all toes; webbing formula: i 1-1 ii 1 - 2 iii 1 - 1 iv 1 - 1 v; (10) throat and chin dark-gray in males, beige in females; belly bright yellow in life; (11) dorsal surfaces of forelimbs without prominent crossbars, hindlimbs with 2–3 dark-brown crossbars on thighs and shanks; (12) two black blotches above cloacal opening edged with beige; (13) gray-brown dorsal “ teddy-bear ” - pattern distinct, edged with beige or white, anteriorly connecting with the dark interorbital bar; (13) dark spots and blotches on body flanks absent or scarce; (15) grayish lateral band with irregular edges extending from armpit to groin; (16) light postocular stripe absent; (17) reddish spots on dorsum and dorsal surfaces of hindlimbs absent; (18) iris uniform grayish-bronze, no black stripe below the pupil.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUREK" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="FA9CB7733AFBE0BE6AA4AEBFF2C89919">
|
||
<heading id="BF6BA67479CA5E18CCA7EAA3E70008DA" reason="title">
|
||
Description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="A4F2310F26A09B4600E67B811662DD8A" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="7B87D4022692EF42EAA851172DA0F7BE" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Microhyla sundaica sp. nov. in preservative – ZMMU A- 8011 (holotype, adult male) from environs of Sungai Tua Recreational Forest, Selangor State, Malaysia: A Dorsal aspect; B ventral aspect; C plantar view of the right foot; D volar view of the left hand; E lateral view of head. Scale bar equals 3 mm. Photographs by A. V. Trofimets." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148205">14</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E25C044B4E8149936DA7E8578686A641">
|
||
An adult female specimen in a very good state of preservation. Body size medium (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6REK" xlink_title="snout-vent length">
|
||
<collectionCode id="A5F39BA95CC3DCC48C4851174C0166F1">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
</abbrev>
|
||
<quantity id="2EA02419872650BAAE4A4866C49D9D89" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1399999999999997" unit="mm" value="31.4">31.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
; other measurements are presented in Table 2). Body habitus stocky, triangular, and significantly dorsoventrally flattened (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="78DB7DD663280D4AEE709D7F5D837171" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Microhyla sundaica sp. nov. in preservative – ZMMU A- 8011 (holotype, adult male) from environs of Sungai Tua Recreational Forest, Selangor State, Malaysia: A Dorsal aspect; B ventral aspect; C plantar view of the right foot; D volar view of the left hand; E lateral view of head. Scale bar equals 3 mm. Photographs by A. V. Trofimets." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148205">14 E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head triangular in dorsal view; wider than long (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHSEK" xlink_title="head width">
|
||
<collectionCode id="6DBCB0ACC388629222BDB1092D43FFD2">HW</collectionCode>
|
||
</abbrev>
|
||
/
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELSEK" xlink_title="head length">HL</abbrev>
|
||
ratio 1.16). Snout comparatively short and protruding (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPSEK" xlink_title="snout length">SL</abbrev>
|
||
/
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETSEK" xlink_title="head length">HL</abbrev>
|
||
ratio 0.45), appearing pointed in dorsal and ventral views (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="76BF90108348D04B5667BD8A71A1FC62" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Microhyla sundaica sp. nov. in preservative – ZMMU A- 8011 (holotype, adult male) from environs of Sungai Tua Recreational Forest, Selangor State, Malaysia: A Dorsal aspect; B ventral aspect; C plantar view of the right foot; D volar view of the left hand; E lateral view of head. Scale bar equals 3 mm. Photographs by A. V. Trofimets." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148205">14 E</figureCitation>
|
||
), smoothly rounded in profile, and slightly extending beyond the edge of the lower jaw (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="2F768B254B583B325EBB250483874EF1" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Microhyla sundaica sp. nov. in preservative – ZMMU A- 8011 (holotype, adult male) from environs of Sungai Tua Recreational Forest, Selangor State, Malaysia: A Dorsal aspect; B ventral aspect; C plantar view of the right foot; D volar view of the left hand; E lateral view of head. Scale bar equals 3 mm. Photographs by A. V. Trofimets." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148205">14 E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Eyes comparatively small, slightly protruding in lateral view, not protruding in dorsal view, significantly shorter than the snout (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6SEK" xlink_title="eye length">
|
||
<collectionCode id="0EBD3668BCCE007FF1706465394A4C51">EL</collectionCode>
|
||
</abbrev>
|
||
/
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDTEK" xlink_title="snout length">SL</abbrev>
|
||
ratio 0.76), and slightly shorter than the interorbital distance (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHTEK" xlink_title="interorbital distance">
|
||
<collectionCode id="1039D25DEB700E737A92E5FC7FBE774A">IOD</collectionCode>
|
||
</abbrev>
|
||
/
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELTEK" xlink_title="eye length">EL</abbrev>
|
||
ratio 1.03). Canthus rostralis distinct, rounded; loreal area slightly concave. Nostrils oval-shaped, with dorso-lateral orientation, situated almost on the canthus rostralis, closer to tip of snout than to eye. Interorbital distance broader than the internarial distance (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPTEK" xlink_title="internarial distance">
|
||
<collectionCode id="188F642B35F1C1A2BD06973A072615CC" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15485" name="Indiana University" type="Herbarium">IND</collectionCode>
|
||
</abbrev>
|
||
/
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETTEK" xlink_title="interorbital distance">IOD</abbrev>
|
||
ratio 0.77). Upper eyelid length narrower than the interorbital distance (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXTEK" xlink_title="upper eyelid width">
|
||
<collectionCode id="C5DBFE64D08EC8012899F0F82359542B">UEW</collectionCode>
|
||
</abbrev>
|
||
/
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2TEK" xlink_title="interorbital distance">IOD</abbrev>
|
||
ratio 0.66). Tympanum concealed, supratympanic fold absent (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="B96539F52C5DD4BF3311D2F7B7E7902B" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Microhyla sundaica sp. nov. in preservative – ZMMU A- 8011 (holotype, adult male) from environs of Sungai Tua Recreational Forest, Selangor State, Malaysia: A Dorsal aspect; B ventral aspect; C plantar view of the right foot; D volar view of the left hand; E lateral view of head. Scale bar equals 3 mm. Photographs by A. V. Trofimets." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148205">14 E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tongue slender, rounded, free for the posterior four-fifths of its length; vomerine teeth absent. Eggs seen through the incision on the left lateral side of belly small, rounded, ca. 1.0–
|
||
<quantity id="75651C51FD7BBF9392328D66B2E6D0E9" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, pigmented.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="F60FFFDE3E0445E807091C4282449596" ID-DOI="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure14" ID-arpha="C71D1A84-A5F7-53D2-8F3F-11963F6BC0C4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148205" startId="F14">
|
||
<paragraph id="91E773758962F6ECF18835B15DD187BE">
|
||
<label id="58F7FE6E158371CD2D685297F31828ED">Figure 14.</label>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2589EC40DEE791A6F9F4AA496EE4730E">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="00F57F414E5049B036B6B50D26DA44DE" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundaica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="447D8C84CA14DCA937258671F5E1EBA1" italics="true">Microhyla sundaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="1E21E284B25E1A880D4BF5E338168958" bold="true">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E4E8A5E79DFC88957C58AA35C9F80485" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in preservative –
|
||
<specimenCode id="902957C3F7E0C4A75CF55CABB486CBF3">
|
||
<named-content id="8CE27FCED47F22CC81D7E9876206F406" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoological-museum-moscow-lomonosov-state-university" xlink_title="Zoological Museum of Moscow University">ZMMU</named-content>
|
||
A-8011
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
(holotype, adult male) from environs of Sungai Tua Recreational Forest, Selangor State, Malaysia:
|
||
<emphasis id="68B896C9F3673468AD019251AA424ABC" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal aspect;
|
||
<emphasis id="3C1429CDD4A8F7ADAA63E43E193CEFCC" bold="true">B</emphasis>
|
||
ventral aspect;
|
||
<emphasis id="31D561EBBD19A98D0F1E491D8B97D7CD" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||
plantar view of the right foot;
|
||
<emphasis id="7707744A0EDB68DAE990734E5BA2A729" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||
volar view of the left hand;
|
||
<emphasis id="08FD8BE8C1BFAA90D6EF1611949F51BA" bold="true">E</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view of head. Scale bar equals 3 mm. Photographs by A. V. Trofimets.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="C3803C3CC177CF79D8496A811CF6CD4F">
|
||
Forelimbs short and slender (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="23C20504593768A435656A6345DE1952" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Microhyla sundaica sp. nov. in preservative – ZMMU A- 8011 (holotype, adult male) from environs of Sungai Tua Recreational Forest, Selangor State, Malaysia: A Dorsal aspect; B ventral aspect; C plantar view of the right foot; D volar view of the left hand; E lateral view of head. Scale bar equals 3 mm. Photographs by A. V. Trofimets." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148205">14 A</figureCitation>
|
||
); lower arm elongated and thin (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESVEK" xlink_title="lower arm and hand length">
|
||
<collectionCode id="B1FAE78088A0EA2ECF614AAC8D968131">LAL</collectionCode>
|
||
</abbrev>
|
||
/
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWVEK" xlink_title="forelimb length">FLL</abbrev>
|
||
ratio 0.83), hand less than half of forelimb length (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1VEK" xlink_title="hand length">
|
||
<collectionCode id="5254F0B60B763D400E0D094DE7AF1123" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15866" name="Martin-Luther-Universität" type="Herbarium">HAL</collectionCode>
|
||
</abbrev>
|
||
/
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5VEK" xlink_title="forelimb length">FLL</abbrev>
|
||
ratio 0.47). Fingers slender and elongated, webbing or skin fringes on fingers absent. First finger well-developed, notably longer than half of the second finger length (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="83EA4B6DB00A77F7D5CD9C01578F3683" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Microhyla sundaica sp. nov. in preservative – ZMMU A- 8011 (holotype, adult male) from environs of Sungai Tua Recreational Forest, Selangor State, Malaysia: A Dorsal aspect; B ventral aspect; C plantar view of the right foot; D volar view of the left hand; E lateral view of head. Scale bar equals 3 mm. Photographs by A. V. Trofimets." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148205">14 D</figureCitation>
|
||
); the relative finger lengths as follows: I <II <IV <III. Fingertips rounded, expanded into well-developed disks narrower than the basal phalanges of the respective fingers. Finger tips with peripheral grooves, dorsally with a wide and deep dorsomedial notch (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="EB8760DCBA1B343B6E358B9555E934D6" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Dorsal aspects of fourth toes (A, C, E, G) and third fingers (B, D, F, H) of the Microhyla berdmorei species complex members. А, B M. berdmorei sensu stricto, MZMU A- 8005; C, D M. malcolmi, ZMMU A- 7973; E, F M. sundaica sp. nov., ZMMU A- 8011, holotype; G, H M. peninsularis sp. nov., ZMMU A- 8016, holotype. Scale bar equals to 1 mm. Drawings by A. M. Bragin." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148197">6 F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Finger tips almost equal in width, with the first fingertip slightly narrower. Subarticular tubercles on fingers distinct, large, rounded, and protruding; edges of the distal subarticular tubercle on the fourth finger less distinct. Subarticular tubercle formula: 1, 1, 2, 2 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="B20E86D8682432ACE2AC66D29977ABBF" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Microhyla sundaica sp. nov. in preservative – ZMMU A- 8011 (holotype, adult male) from environs of Sungai Tua Recreational Forest, Selangor State, Malaysia: A Dorsal aspect; B ventral aspect; C plantar view of the right foot; D volar view of the left hand; E lateral view of head. Scale bar equals 3 mm. Photographs by A. V. Trofimets." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148205">14 D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Two metacarpal tubercles: inner metacarpal tubercle distinct, protruding, rounded in shape; outer metacarpal tubercle rounded, flattened, its diameter much less than the diameter of inner metacarpal tubercle (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOWEK" xlink_title="outer palmar tubercle length">
|
||
<collectionCode id="C9591BE10B8697FA22CA6AFED8013230">OPTL</collectionCode>
|
||
</abbrev>
|
||
/
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESWEK" xlink_title="inner palmar tubercle length">IPTL</abbrev>
|
||
ratio 1.40).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3A77ACBF8CAFA21066637A38D1A308FC">
|
||
Hindlimbs long, slender, almost four times longer than the forelimbs (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYWEK" xlink_title="hindlimb length">
|
||
<collectionCode id="8BCDF255E0BF5D8E00AE6ED76DE47547" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13902" name="Queen's Gardens, College of Higher Education" type="Herbarium">HLL</collectionCode>
|
||
</abbrev>
|
||
/
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3WEK" xlink_title="forelimb length">FLL</abbrev>
|
||
ratio 3.96). Thighs robust and muscular (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="252913AE74731134E50D0D06E5B3C476" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Microhyla sundaica sp. nov. in preservative – ZMMU A- 8011 (holotype, adult male) from environs of Sungai Tua Recreational Forest, Selangor State, Malaysia: A Dorsal aspect; B ventral aspect; C plantar view of the right foot; D volar view of the left hand; E lateral view of head. Scale bar equals 3 mm. Photographs by A. V. Trofimets." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148205">14 B</figureCitation>
|
||
), shanks notably elongated and slender, comprising approximately one-third the length of the hindlimb (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEXEK" xlink_title="tibia length">TL</abbrev>
|
||
/
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIXEK" xlink_title="hindlimb length">HLL</abbrev>
|
||
ratio 0.35). When the limbs are held the right angle to the body, the heels significantly overlap. Tibiotarsal articulation of the adpressed limb extends well beyond the tip of the snout. The foot length is more than one-third of the hindlimb length and significantly shorter than shanks (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMXEK" xlink_title="foot length">
|
||
<collectionCode id="A5342B12A67F076AF63B825C8CFD63B4">FL</collectionCode>
|
||
</abbrev>
|
||
/
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQXEK" xlink_title="hindlimb length">HLL</abbrev>
|
||
ratio 0.29;
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUXEK" xlink_title="tibia length">TL</abbrev>
|
||
/
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYXEK" xlink_title="foot length">FL</abbrev>
|
||
ratio 1.21). The relative toe lengths as follows: I <II <V ≤ III <IV. Shanks smooth, with the inner tarsal fold absent. The tips of all toes distinctly widened into wide heart-shaped disks, almost twice as wide as finger disks (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3XEK" xlink_title="fourth toe disk diameter">4 TDD</abbrev>
|
||
/
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAYEK" xlink_title="third finger disk diameter">3 FDD</abbrev>
|
||
ratio 1.77). Toe webbing fully developed, reaching the disks of all toes; webbing formula: i 1-1 ii 1 - 2 iii 1 - 1 iv 1 - 1 v (Figs
|
||
<figureCitation id="E9D93F416FD43A8649CE988F1C31794C" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Dorsal aspects of fourth toes (A, C, E, G) and third fingers (B, D, F, H) of the Microhyla berdmorei species complex members. А, B M. berdmorei sensu stricto, MZMU A- 8005; C, D M. malcolmi, ZMMU A- 7973; E, F M. sundaica sp. nov., ZMMU A- 8011, holotype; G, H M. peninsularis sp. nov., ZMMU A- 8016, holotype. Scale bar equals to 1 mm. Drawings by A. M. Bragin." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148197">6 E</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="873F15D111FCDC4595449915C3C7C14F" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Microhyla sundaica sp. nov. in preservative – ZMMU A- 8011 (holotype, adult male) from environs of Sungai Tua Recreational Forest, Selangor State, Malaysia: A Dorsal aspect; B ventral aspect; C plantar view of the right foot; D volar view of the left hand; E lateral view of head. Scale bar equals 3 mm. Photographs by A. V. Trofimets." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148205">14 C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Toe subarticular tubercles distinct, rounded, slightly protruding, subarticular tubercle formula: 1, 1, 2, 3, 2. The internal metatarsal tubercle of moderate size, oval, slightly elongated, with indistinct margins, less than half the length of the first toe (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMYEK" xlink_title="inner metatarsal tubercle length">
|
||
<collectionCode id="73BC851F90F0D06E0C30DF35F6AF2B44">IMTL</collectionCode>
|
||
</abbrev>
|
||
/
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQYEK" xlink_title="first toe length">1 TOEL</abbrev>
|
||
ratio 0.31). Outer metatarsal tubercle small but distinct, rounded, prominent with well-defined margins, slightly larger than the inner metatarsal tubercle (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUYEK" xlink_title="outer metatarsal tubercle length">
|
||
<collectionCode id="7A4367896CA2F0D28E0827A91BA78B74">OMTL</collectionCode>
|
||
</abbrev>
|
||
/
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYYEK" xlink_title="inner metatarsal tubercle length">IMTL</abbrev>
|
||
ratio 1.45).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0433151242177CA154F636C7333D927F">
|
||
Skin on the dorsum slightly tuberculated with numerous small tubercles covering both the middle and the lateral parts of the dorsum (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="492989BA60051CE57572C46FE403422A" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Members of the Microhyla berdmorei species complex in life. А M. berdmorei sensu stricto, MZMU A- 8005 and MZMU A- 8003 (a couple showing cephalic amplexus) from Aizawl, Mizoram State, India; B M. malcolmi, ZMMU A- 7973 from Than To, Yala Province, Thailand; C M. sundaica sp. nov., ZMMU A- 8011 (holotype) from environs of Sungai Tua Recreational Forest, Selangor State, Malaysia; D M. peninsularis sp. nov., ZMMU A- 8016 (holotype) from Lam Plok Waterfall, Trang Province, Thailand. Photographs by: A. M. Bragin (A), N. A. Poyarkov (B), A. T. Aful (C), P. Pawangkhanant (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148198">7 C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsal surfaces of forelimbs smooth. Dorsal surface of hindlimbs with numerous sparse tubercles scattered across thighs and shanks; the tubercles on the hindlimbs notably smaller than those on dorsum (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="2553A932E794BBE0A005B86C0CC47EAE" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Microhyla sundaica sp. nov. in preservative – ZMMU A- 8011 (holotype, adult male) from environs of Sungai Tua Recreational Forest, Selangor State, Malaysia: A Dorsal aspect; B ventral aspect; C plantar view of the right foot; D volar view of the left hand; E lateral view of head. Scale bar equals 3 mm. Photographs by A. V. Trofimets." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148205">14 A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Upper eyelid smooth. Body flanks smooth. Numerous small warts present around the tympanal region. Ventral surfaces of body and limbs smooth (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="D4B9CDAD33651BDFC51D0D8BBD180C97" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Microhyla sundaica sp. nov. in preservative – ZMMU A- 8011 (holotype, adult male) from environs of Sungai Tua Recreational Forest, Selangor State, Malaysia: A Dorsal aspect; B ventral aspect; C plantar view of the right foot; D volar view of the left hand; E lateral view of head. Scale bar equals 3 mm. Photographs by A. V. Trofimets." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148205">14 B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cloacal opening unmodified, directed posteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EKZEK" type="Coloration in life">
|
||
<paragraph id="F4EB1370967BB6B122FBC76AAF3F61B5">
|
||
<heading id="DB5057EA0A1F42581DC2DE31442B05DE" reason="title">Coloration in life.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1EF59947E3C70A29BE15BD4795D1331A">
|
||
The dorsal background coloration in life was gray-bronze with a light-gray tint on the sides of the dorsum, with a faint gray-brown “ teddy-bear ” - pattern in the middle of the dorsum (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="CB6064C92C8D015666F536EB2D97986D" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Members of the Microhyla berdmorei species complex in life. А M. berdmorei sensu stricto, MZMU A- 8005 and MZMU A- 8003 (a couple showing cephalic amplexus) from Aizawl, Mizoram State, India; B M. malcolmi, ZMMU A- 7973 from Than To, Yala Province, Thailand; C M. sundaica sp. nov., ZMMU A- 8011 (holotype) from environs of Sungai Tua Recreational Forest, Selangor State, Malaysia; D M. peninsularis sp. nov., ZMMU A- 8016 (holotype) from Lam Plok Waterfall, Trang Province, Thailand. Photographs by: A. M. Bragin (A), N. A. Poyarkov (B), A. T. Aful (C), P. Pawangkhanant (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148198">7 C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The “ teddy-bear ” - pattern has regular light edging, which becomes less distinct posteriorly. A pronounced gray-brown interorbital band in the shape of an inverted triangle with irregular borders runs across the head between the posterior parts of the upper eyelids, and is posteriorly connected with the “ teddy-bear ” - pattern on the dorsum. The lateral sides of the dorsum are lighter and have a light grayish-brown tint. A pair of black spots, edged with beige, located above the cloacal opening.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="43F406778861458E4D957366708C0ADA">Body flanks and head lateral sides slightly lighter than the dorsum. Bronze blotches on both sides of the head on canthus rostralis; snout uniformly dark olive-brown. Upper jaw bronze-brown with a few irregular gray or white spots below the eye. Light postocular stripe or other markings in tympanal area or around axilla absent. On forelimbs, no conspicuous stripes or spots; two grayish-brown crossbars with indistinct border present on thighs and shanks. Dorsal surfaces of fingers and toes uniformly gray, lacking transverse stripes or dark spots.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B081377210971D06793B90077AC9378">
|
||
Belly and chest bright yellow, with a few irregular grayish spots on throat and chin, covered with sparse dark-gray spotting (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="4FEB594C816DC6FF4DFE897D9995772C" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Members of the Microhyla berdmorei species complex in life. А M. berdmorei sensu stricto, MZMU A- 8005 and MZMU A- 8003 (a couple showing cephalic amplexus) from Aizawl, Mizoram State, India; B M. malcolmi, ZMMU A- 7973 from Than To, Yala Province, Thailand; C M. sundaica sp. nov., ZMMU A- 8011 (holotype) from environs of Sungai Tua Recreational Forest, Selangor State, Malaysia; D M. peninsularis sp. nov., ZMMU A- 8016 (holotype) from Lam Plok Waterfall, Trang Province, Thailand. Photographs by: A. M. Bragin (A), N. A. Poyarkov (B), A. T. Aful (C), P. Pawangkhanant (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148198">7 C</figureCitation>
|
||
). This coloration becomes notably darker along the edges of the mandible and the mouth corners. Ventral surfaces of the limbs yellow to grayish-yellow with rare gray spots and mottling. Ventral surfaces of arms (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="3D165E5839C73AF52460DBF5A8B3F3FA" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Microhyla sundaica sp. nov. in preservative – ZMMU A- 8011 (holotype, adult male) from environs of Sungai Tua Recreational Forest, Selangor State, Malaysia: A Dorsal aspect; B ventral aspect; C plantar view of the right foot; D volar view of the left hand; E lateral view of head. Scale bar equals 3 mm. Photographs by A. V. Trofimets." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148205">14 D</figureCitation>
|
||
) and feet (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="2D0A482AD60497629D16FBDDF9EA6B77" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Microhyla sundaica sp. nov. in preservative – ZMMU A- 8011 (holotype, adult male) from environs of Sungai Tua Recreational Forest, Selangor State, Malaysia: A Dorsal aspect; B ventral aspect; C plantar view of the right foot; D volar view of the left hand; E lateral view of head. Scale bar equals 3 mm. Photographs by A. V. Trofimets." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148205">14 C</figureCitation>
|
||
) with irregular brownish-black blotches. Iris light grayish-bronze without dark reticulations and lacking the dark vertical stripe below the pupil. Pupil round, black, outlined with a thin bronze circle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0ED1EK" type="Coloration in preservative">
|
||
<paragraph id="D5AE453C067F724865773CF589752620">
|
||
<heading id="8C04D3455DA1A6CEDC7B3D1F7C30EF49" reason="title">Coloration in preservative.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D5C038365F79CBE33F020F2CD7CEDE5B">After 21 years in preservative, the pattern described above generally remained unchanged, but bright yellow and light-brown colors faded to off-white and gray. The dorsal pattern became less prominent, but all the dark markings on dorsum remain discernible. The dark transverse crossbands and spots on fore- and hindlimbs became less distinct. The gray markings on the chin were still visible as faint gray mottling.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EI1EK" type="variation">
|
||
<paragraph id="0AF0A17DBFBA20941DE54F075E291F57">
|
||
<heading id="A4E22B58093A50F17E28FC1B48DDED51" reason="title">Variation.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5167E7AF77C65A2003EECB58F3C0B1B4">
|
||
The examined members of the type series are overall quite similar in appearance. Differences in size and body proportions are presented in Tables 4 and 5. We observed sexual differences in body length, with males (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EO1EK" xlink_title="snout-vent length">
|
||
<collectionCode id="BB4166BC8E19E0D8F79DE2FD36EF0811">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
</abbrev>
|
||
<quantity id="F0FE24DC0A86D476670EA404BCDB97DA" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.77" metricValueMax="2.79" metricValueMin="2.75" unit="mm" value="27.7" valueMax="27.9" valueMin="27.5">27.5-27.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, n = 3) having significantly smaller
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ES1EK" xlink_title="snout-vent length">SVL</abbrev>
|
||
than females (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EW1EK" xlink_title="snout-vent length">
|
||
<collectionCode id="8E84804FA672919E033D10A0D60096D0">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
</abbrev>
|
||
<quantity id="FE4937360BCF0265A06E257C0430ABE5" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.985" metricValueMax="3.1399999999999997" metricValueMin="2.83" unit="mm" value="29.85" valueMax="31.4" valueMin="28.3">28.3-31.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, n = 3). No differences in coloration between males and females were observed except for the darker coloration of throat and chin in males; the dorsal coloration varies from gray-bronze to light-brown. The dorsal “ teddy-bear ” - pattern has a darker coloration; in some individuals (
|
||
<specimenCode id="5261CAB73C9AC3F7CEC1145A09F02843">
|
||
<named-content id="447F20320F92FFED21F77AC952521A71" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoological-museum-moscow-lomonosov-state-university" xlink_title="Zoological Museum of Moscow University">
|
||
<collectionCode id="52B43A5E4A55DC1646898671A2AF38D8" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||
</named-content>
|
||
A-8012
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCode id="F8B60B387E8E33F169369D6A6A60349F">
|
||
<named-content id="A40F68E9C025684A614141638B239149" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoological-museum-moscow-lomonosov-state-university" xlink_title="Zoological Museum of Moscow University">
|
||
<collectionCode id="77313CBB1F34226878A032BD4E9CDB14" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||
</named-content>
|
||
A-8014
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
), the dorsal pattern was more contrasting and had more clear edges. In other individuals, the dorsal pattern was duller with less distinct borders.
|
||
<specimenCount id="545D1707A6775234157005C4C0070A9A" count="2" type="female">Two females</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCode id="17A1B65F3E86B25644CB89BCA5F07569">
|
||
<named-content id="CD7CF98F761C7E48445DC5CFCE8D6CF3" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoological-museum-moscow-lomonosov-state-university" xlink_title="Zoological Museum of Moscow University">
|
||
<collectionCode id="A97862B15A66BCB0BBA53E1E831D765D" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||
</named-content>
|
||
A-8010
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCode id="6B371D5B1AEBF2AEF2236D2BB3451DF3">
|
||
<named-content id="9A5D1D5C04AC6B88FFDE9BAE8361E664" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoological-museum-moscow-lomonosov-state-university" xlink_title="Zoological Museum of Moscow University">
|
||
<collectionCode id="5370F1432F3C425D85BE413C00346C58" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||
</named-content>
|
||
A-8013
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
) had somewhat brighter light-brown coloration of the hindlimbs different from that of the dorsum. In all examined individuals, there were no signs of the presence of a vertical brown stripe on iris except
|
||
<specimenCode id="8FFA9F96057E03A336AEA576309C3A21">
|
||
<named-content id="ABA77168AFB8B944F38D054FCA314C08" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/zoological-museum-moscow-lomonosov-state-university" xlink_title="Zoological Museum of Moscow University">
|
||
<collectionCode id="91AA68DF35154AA0C89EDBA350AF47B4" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||
</named-content>
|
||
A-6158
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
, which showed a rudimentary dark stripe below the pupil that did not reach the ventral edge of the iris.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0ET2EK" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="0FEB800F50C7135C3DB74CC74BED0C87">
|
||
<heading id="CCED20445863CF5FAB09B2887C55DEA5" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF87518358E7D0507AF9B7D5ED3F617">
|
||
The species epithet
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77BEC7C671A35F4DDF2E39F00564C638" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundaica">
|
||
“
|
||
<emphasis id="3F69E3F9F302966B198AC268ECF5BD17" italics="true">sundaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” is a latinized adjective in nominative singular, adjusted to the feminine gender of the genus name “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="77AD2D53288FBAB3DAB3A714F07B6FAB" authorityName="Tschudi" authorityYear="1838" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FEBC0B29122EEABD3735765E9FCD4C02" italics="true">Microhyla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, and is given in reference to the distribution of the new species, which inhabits the three major landmasses of the Sundaland, or Sundaic Region, namely: Peninsular
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B2C8276F715E738D737AE1E5061E8227" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Sumatra, and Borneo. “ Sundaica ” is the Latin name for Sundaland. Recommended common names: “ Sundaic narrow-mouthed frog ” (English); “ Nhái b ầu Sunda ” (Vietnamese); “ Zondskiy uzkorot ” (Зондский узкорот, Russian); “ Eung mae nao Malayu ” (อ ึ ่ งแม ่ หนาวมลาย ู, Thai); “ Katak mulut sempit Sunda ” (Malay).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EK3EK" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="E8B3D50DC0599E71EB2B283DCCCD8BEC">
|
||
<heading id="E43AE8B03609B4EB906B29D24EA38EC0" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6082D49E73F8397DB4E0AD8B0E3DFC66">
|
||
According to our data,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6EC33A3D585F9B48D781CA1190149EAA" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundaica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C04DC136915ED42ECEAB005ECDEC28D7" italics="true">M. sundaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="2F36E77043C6AFD101CDD9A907FB5709" bold="true">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="757DCA5DDE8FB9D3AC32747C2D638F8F" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
inhabits
|
||
<collectingCountry id="402F7BF273741B05E95716359D993E86" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(the continental part of the country, and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="6F1539DCCFFE3DCA24A2D6F3C263758E" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah">Sabah State</collectingRegion>
|
||
on the island of Borneo),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="96AEB5015E617FD201189AE4C80D3DF2" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(on the islands of Borneo (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7C9772F5F80C4F7AE3E7DF64DE89AB59" country="Indonesia" name="Kalimantan Selatan">South Kalimantan Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
) and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="325ECF6E083AD1B4150D541BA069411C" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="C1A20884287FC6AF8B41FE293032F06D" country="Indonesia" name="Bengkulu">Bengkulu</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="22279A301CE0DC8F85E895724F222D96" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Selatan">Sumatera Selatan</collectingRegion>
|
||
provinces) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="8E2149A2B557A56A857B580A2113030F" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Distribution of the species lineages of the Microhyla berdmorei species complex as identified in the phylogenetic analyses. Star denotes type localities, with their corresponding taxon names in colored clouds; synonyms are shown in quotes; colors correspond to those used in Figures 2–5; symbol shapes denote mtDNA lineages shown in Figure 2. Base map created using simplemappr. net. For locality information see Table S 1. Photos by A. V. Trofimets, A. M. Bragin, P. Pawangkhanant and N. A. Poyarkov." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148192">1</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is likely that the actual distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="745E103E6ED9437173D3C16F8CFFF7C1" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundaica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="675262C3902B5060940E04AE5344517F" italics="true">M. sundaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="1F13C8143B3773ABAAD0492BA8D79BA4" bold="true">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="75DE9A35C7413F99E672233472998758" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is wider, and it can be found in other parts of Sundaland, including
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9865FA029269F66CB24C046ACFF7AC0C" name="Malaysia">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
|
||
State of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="AD48A337510194957298A28B5C47CE07" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and other provinces of Sumatra. Despite our repeated efforts, we failed to record
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9B0CF83CA92426F5671A193895D7B79C" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundaica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="4E352DD0DE8887A9E72D5E2CB915818B" italics="true">M. sundaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="06DFF74FD501581FC575C88C68B78F7C" bold="true">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9D5E426F384B6B97D832692FDE7AC2A4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9E8E2E9717DDF7A061ED42922E6C33F0" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, though the possibility that this species occurs in the southernmost provinces of the country (
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9CE4020F689BE4314A2EF1CDDB8E99D9" country="Thailand" name="Narathiwat">Narathiwat</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="0695B93D37881DFDF721AA2C1D940BCC" country="Thailand" name="Yala">Yala</collectingRegion>
|
||
provinces) cannot be ruled out completely.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E24EK" type="natural history">
|
||
<paragraph id="A154B940B901217C2573424193F7139A">
|
||
<heading id="16B7AF534E8A31F795DF35D8966B40F8" reason="title">Natural history notes.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9FBA1D1B2CAAA58250941400AC11523D">
|
||
The new species is often recorded while calling from the banks or in shallow rain puddles or swamps (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="382E88C6FE7B674764792913ADF602DD" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Natural habitat of Microhyla sundaica sp. nov. at the type locality in Sungai Tua, Selangor State, Peninsular Malaysia (A), and in Gunung Jerai Mt., Kedah State, Peninsular Malaysia (B); calling males of M. sundaica sp. nov. from Sedim, Kedah State, Peninsular Malaysia in situ (C, D) (not collected). Photographs by M. A. Muin." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148206">15 A – B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Although most of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6C2E9D69DA9704262F8FE6162050061F" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundaica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="F1B8567B982A721215C7D984575A6FC0" italics="true">M. sundaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D6A56B3B47DD561287CEDCCB43449676" bold="true">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="239C6B993BDDC65E772A3E0A4001372D" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
records came from recreational forest areas, this species is also likely to inhabit pristine forests, being especially abundant along the streams or near shallow intermittent pools.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E63504919AEC66A6A5A7D142FBB3FC1A" author="Inger RF & Stuebing RB & Grafe TU & Dehling JM" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Inger" journalOrPublisher="Natural History Publications, Kota Kinabalu" refId="B99" refString="Inger RF, Stuebing RB, Grafe TU, Dehling JM (2017) A Field Guide to the Frogs of Borneo. Natural History Publications, Kota Kinabalu, 228 pp." title="A Field Guide to the Frogs of Borneo." year="2017">Inger et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported that in Borneo male individuals of this species (which he referred to as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E6FE48DFCD1AC9C6E8034C0C7B4EADAA" baseAuthorityName="Blyth" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="berdmorei">
|
||
<emphasis id="AB78F86841566FF0056B4C0CE6CD9190" italics="true">M. berdmorei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) were encountered during vocalization activity while they were hiding in burrows or under dead leaves in the leaf litter; usually males call from ca. 1–5 meters from waterpools or stream banks. In Borneo, this species prefers stagnant temporary waterbodies for reproduction (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E9AA481A7BA88A7E46F0067101A40896" author="Inger" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Inger" journalOrPublisher="Natural History Publications, Kota Kinabalu" refId="B99" refString="Inger RF, Stuebing RB, Grafe TU, Dehling JM (2017) A Field Guide to the Frogs of Borneo. Natural History Publications, Kota Kinabalu, 228 pp." title="A Field Guide to the Frogs of Borneo." year="2017">Inger et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E29F39166EC71809AA2B5E0C7D7385F4" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundaica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="4E849D74A39EA3E29C2C26EE0AA4CAC8" italics="true">Microhyla sundaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="F3A485E6FD0DC74349719AB59D7A6383" bold="true">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="239177E6FB8BEE1AF5367DACAA1E2697" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has mostly crepuscular activity and is often observed at night actively foraging after heavy rains, usually from 19: 00 to 23: 00 h. The diet and predators of the new species remain unknown. At the type locality in environs of Sungai Tua Recreational Forest,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9E4E58740927C7B75157ED889A49F528" country="Malaysia" name="Selangor">Selangor State</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="A2F5B0FFDACF82B58AF2759B7AFBB5ED" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="2C5AA651CFCB3B0DABF3BF3F1C874829" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Natural habitat of Microhyla sundaica sp. nov. at the type locality in Sungai Tua, Selangor State, Peninsular Malaysia (A), and in Gunung Jerai Mt., Kedah State, Peninsular Malaysia (B); calling males of M. sundaica sp. nov. from Sedim, Kedah State, Peninsular Malaysia in situ (C, D) (not collected). Photographs by M. A. Muin." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148206">15 A</figureCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3D2DC6D81843BC69FD65F14CB3FA44D4" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundaica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B049456DFC7EFB22040140C848AEA3F6" italics="true">M. sundaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D30EE7CB70B1EB74EEB31DC3DB480F7D" bold="true">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9B3C0472EF228EEDF13172581BC6821B" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
was recorded in sympatry with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DF1A92031C0128CB6D4EFF914A31AD24" authority="(Boulenger, 1887)" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1887" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Ingerophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parvus">
|
||
<emphasis id="F4B0243668812A4A7FD48B78CC21D516" italics="true">Ingerophrynus parvus</emphasis>
|
||
(Boulenger, 1887)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FE620126B7F2FCBB624616A676CBF9A0" authority="Matsui, Eto, Belabut & Nishikawa, 2017" authorityName="Matsui, Eto, Belabut & Nishikawa" authorityYear="2017" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kiewi">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBA87471435A24AB10886238E16C0548" italics="true">Kalophrynus kiewi</emphasis>
|
||
Matsui, Eto, Belabut & Nishikawa, 2017
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C94662495C16D66B34EE1F810E84D622" authority="Boulenger, 1900" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1900" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="butleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="402C460E8F71E73FD7DDDF0CF187AEFA" italics="true">M. butleri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="77EA1BDDF8C4B5E7291FFDC0ED9B5DF3" author="Boulenger GA" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pagination="186-193" refId="B14" refString="Boulenger GA (1900) Descriptions of new batrachians and reptiles from the Larut Hills, Perak. Journal of Natural History 6: 186 - 193." title="Descriptions of new batrachians and reptiles from the Larut Hills, Perak." volume="6" year="1900">Boulenger, 1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="56AA967F099115884BA110B591067307" author="Inger RF & Stuebing RB & Grafe TU & Dehling JM" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Inger" journalOrPublisher="Natural History Publications, Kota Kinabalu" refId="B99" refString="Inger RF, Stuebing RB, Grafe TU, Dehling JM (2017) A Field Guide to the Frogs of Borneo. Natural History Publications, Kota Kinabalu, 228 pp." title="A Field Guide to the Frogs of Borneo." year="2017">Inger et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that the new species occurs in mature and secondary forests, mostly at low elevations.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="325F9AFA4240914DD3ED12F219858F7A" DOI="10.15560/11.4.1679" author="Sumarli AXY & Grismer LL & Anuar MSS & Muin MA & Quah ESH" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Sumarli" journalOrPublisher="Check List" pagination="1-16" refId="B172" refString="Sumarli AXY, Grismer LL, Anuar MSS, Muin MA, Quah ESH (2015) First report on the amphibians and reptiles of a remote mountain, Gunung Tebu in northeastern Peninsular Malaysia. Check List 11: 1–16. https://doi.org/10.15560/11.4.1679" title="First report on the amphibians and reptiles of a remote mountain, Gunung Tebu in northeastern Peninsular Malaysia." volume="11" year="2015">Sumarli et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported that male specimens of this species were recorded at night while calling from the top of a boulder at the water’s edge within small puddles; while some specimens were found sitting on mud or in flooded ruts, most were hiding in vegetation along the forest trails. In Peninsular
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2D9967FF1ADD813ACF5638714608A8FD" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the new species was recorded in sympatry with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4EF36F63C8E629E6C522995D88C17875" authority="Vogt, 1911" authorityName="Vogt" authorityYear="1911" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heymonsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="D4AB1438B86C0682CD830E8D80D27177" italics="true">M. heymonsi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="89CDD0A0A6BB9F086B3DAC18D4FC348E" author="Vogt T" journalOrPublisher="Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin" pagination="179-184" refId="B193" refString="Vogt T (1911) Beitrag zur Amphibienfauna der Insel Formosa. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 1911: 179 - 184." title="Beitrag zur Amphibienfauna der Insel Formosa." volume="1911" year="1911">Vogt, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6D1709905C86B1B6443BF448A807B002" authority="(Sumarli et al. 2015)" baseAuthorityName="Sumarli" baseAuthorityYear="2015" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="butleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="6B76AF211C0C87D583A5DA5AE8A61287" italics="true">M. butleri</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="45D2DE76E718F38111CCB2861B4AE541" DOI="10.15560/11.4.1679" author="Sumarli" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Sumarli" journalOrPublisher="Check List" pagination="1-16" refId="B172" refString="Sumarli AXY, Grismer LL, Anuar MSS, Muin MA, Quah ESH (2015) First report on the amphibians and reptiles of a remote mountain, Gunung Tebu in northeastern Peninsular Malaysia. Check List 11: 1–16. https://doi.org/10.15560/11.4.1679" title="First report on the amphibians and reptiles of a remote mountain, Gunung Tebu in northeastern Peninsular Malaysia." volume="11" year="2015">Sumarli et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="87D18F9C8285F13F97098EC182C8A02F" author="Dring JCM" firstAuthor="Dring" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Museum Zoology" pagination="181-241" refId="B45" refString="Dring JCM (1979) Amphibians and reptiles from northern Trengganu, Malaysia, with descriptions of two new geckos: Cnemaspis and Cyrtodactylus. Bulletin of the British Museum Zoology 34: 181–241." title="Amphibians and reptiles from northern Trengganu, Malaysia, with descriptions of two new geckos: Cnemaspis and Cyrtodactylus." volume="34" year="1979">Dring (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported that in Borneo,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8E364F58363ACBB9AB6587AA15CA0E5E" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundaica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="10222539E325CFFCC844AD7A740F72B7" italics="true">M. sundaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="AB604DFEAB43060D868B8854C29A5A2D" bold="true">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9F76C58F7F95A1F6A6C735E9D92C8582" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
males were calling in one chorus with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6863B340DF92D502DF12388C4F89A29C" authority="Parker, 1928" authorityName="Parker" authorityYear="1928" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borneensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="510C903A04C73B892FD809390C9C4AD3" italics="true">M. borneensis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="246751C78C8A8B8DBA15DCDC7D634BAB" author="Parker HW" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pagination="473-499" refId="B141" refString="Parker HW (1928) The brevicipitid frogs of the genus Microhyla. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 10: 473 - 499." title="The brevicipitid frogs of the genus Microhyla." volume="10" year="1928">Parker, 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B17DA857FED431677D819CCB97BC7470" country="Malaysia" name="Selangor">Selangor</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3DC808D7C95E3FE0F9915083CC837B37" country="Malaysia" name="Kedah">Kedah State</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Peninsular
|
||
<collectingCountry id="326B30120311E435100F0D1D885D62F2" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, the species prefers temporary, stagnant pools of water for breeding, with rich leaf litter around (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="BD0B8A42D91B975144E5724BB34E144F" author="Leong" firstAuthor="Leong" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pagination="609-620" refId="B111" refString="Leong TM (2004) Larval descriptions of some poorly known tadpoles from Peninsular Malaysia (Amphibia: Anura). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 52: 609–620." title="Larval descriptions of some poorly known tadpoles from Peninsular Malaysia (Amphibia: Anura)." volume="52" year="2004">Leong 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; our observations); males usually call from small holes in the ground on the bank ca.
|
||
<quantity id="13128F39BB1A8604968958665E53C3CC" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="cm" value="20.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="15.0">15–25 cm</quantity>
|
||
from the wateredge, or while floating on the water surface (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="35D009D58B7DFECA213312EE42E8F344" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Natural habitat of Microhyla sundaica sp. nov. at the type locality in Sungai Tua, Selangor State, Peninsular Malaysia (A), and in Gunung Jerai Mt., Kedah State, Peninsular Malaysia (B); calling males of M. sundaica sp. nov. from Sedim, Kedah State, Peninsular Malaysia in situ (C, D) (not collected). Photographs by M. A. Muin." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148206">15 C – D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="0CCB600E8ACAB498A6764F3020D123AF" ID-DOI="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure15" ID-arpha="FE1768B0-03E8-5B4B-B6E4-F5B46193E1E4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148206" startId="F15">
|
||
<paragraph id="57EEC7438E6BDBC82559F10CB029F88C">
|
||
<label id="783D002C414333B2DEB703C728B57147">Figure 15.</label>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1A4E4DB7FE26EC7152D82CA5C4B25BCB">
|
||
Natural habitat of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E13909364B1612F93CEA472834F8A0AC" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundaica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="FF6131F4492B15E8C3A08B1620BCC05A" italics="true">Microhyla sundaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D55D8D2DC4EF59E3DE2BA2757709A1A7" bold="true">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="849D42A782200A2BA2919A48020E9509" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
at the type locality in Sungai Tua, Selangor State, Peninsular Malaysia (
|
||
<emphasis id="08AA7D29FE9D96A281035F6AF85C85A6" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||
), and in Gunung Jerai
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBEFK" xlink_title="Mountain">Mt</abbrev>
|
||
., Kedah State, Peninsular Malaysia (
|
||
<emphasis id="AB88FACAF2E291F5891D9A79EAB0D35C" bold="true">B</emphasis>
|
||
); calling males of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39E79916E71D1CD196900A459EE15D3D" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundaica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="4FB22A903433C173745B529462ED48AD" italics="true">M. sundaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="99D16861A3B44E6E64FB1BC36461779D" bold="true">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9DF79B779764C5E02B78D290B1CB3BDA" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from Sedim, Kedah State, Peninsular Malaysia in situ (
|
||
<emphasis id="DEF7DF9C391CE0C3AA264EB2428DCAE5" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="8FBE7C776755C4073E451844B032670D" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||
) (not collected). Photographs by M. A. Muin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E4EFK" type="Tadpole">
|
||
<paragraph id="3F2FD463FB171A8DA271FB5D2C311DD1">
|
||
<heading id="605777F17D5094A5EF00B48383ADEC48" reason="title">Tadpole.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="11B49FE423530BF0039346DA87946ADD">
|
||
A detailed description of the larval morphology of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2FB4ECC5EF941599F9C8EB03C270278" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundaica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="427E08221A10B412AD2AD6D28387BC6C" italics="true">M. sundaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="DFB3F485FB20028E2FA09C3F0F2BDDC2" bold="true">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AF3A33A42EFDC26DAA054AF79C63D13F" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="CCE14B49C930183934D631F5F6BF4BE0" country="Malaysia" name="Selangor">Selangor</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Peninsular
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F5259307C4D81E10BCC68239F73A5635" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, was presented by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DC001DBA545ECC7A8434F40555E58A7F" author="Leong TM" firstAuthor="Leong" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pagination="609-620" refId="B111" refString="Leong TM (2004) Larval descriptions of some poorly known tadpoles from Peninsular Malaysia (Amphibia: Anura). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 52: 609–620." title="Larval descriptions of some poorly known tadpoles from Peninsular Malaysia (Amphibia: Anura)." volume="52" year="2004">Leong (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; additional information was provided by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="14B019F22C00A1458B6375E77DD1E9E2" author="Haas A & Das I & Hertwig ST & Bublies P & Schulz-Schaeffer R" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Haas" journalOrPublisher="Tredition, Hamburg" refId="B77" refString="Haas A, Das I, Hertwig ST, Bublies P, Schulz-Schaeffer R (2022) A Guide to the Tadpoles of Borneo. Tredition, Hamburg, 281 pp." title="A Guide to the Tadpoles of Borneo." year="2022">Haas et al. (2022)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Tadpole total length not exceeding
|
||
<quantity id="0829482571D5C0E326AB8050A10E2378" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" unit="mm" value="23.0">23 mm</quantity>
|
||
. At late development stages, body large, elliptial in dorsal view, body length comprises 162 % – 168 % of body width; dorsum flattened; venter rounded; at Gosner stage 37, body length comprises 39 % of total length; snout rounded in dorsal and lateral views; eyes with lateral orientation; nostril located closer to snout tip than to eye; interorbital distance ca. five times greater than internarial distance; spiracle medial with a smooth convex margin, located on ventral surface; spiracle-snout distance comprises 83 % – 88 % of body length; vent tube opening medial, directed ventrally, continuous with ventral fin; ventral tail fin deeper than dorsal tail fin for proximal half; tail gradually tapering towards a narrowly pointed tip lacking terminal filament. Oral disc terminal, lacking papillae or keratinized structures; lower labium not expanded, with distinct median ‘ U’ - shaped arch. In life, dorsal and lateral surfaces of head and body yellowish; body wall translucent, and caudal musculature whitish; posterior parts of body darker; tail fins clear or have very light pigmentation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="7F3DCCD567678693A90D99800AC49B4B" author="Leong" firstAuthor="Leong" journalOrPublisher="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pagination="609-620" refId="B111" refString="Leong TM (2004) Larval descriptions of some poorly known tadpoles from Peninsular Malaysia (Amphibia: Anura). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 52: 609–620." title="Larval descriptions of some poorly known tadpoles from Peninsular Malaysia (Amphibia: Anura)." volume="52" year="2004">Leong 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Tadpoles of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AA096B6BFE0C922D6C86898474376777" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundaica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="63978B79BE9617A13D5BCABA99FA4AC9" italics="true">M. sundaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="9E5ADE4B6BC17DFDDDFBDE6C6B678CE0" bold="true">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8C4546B39C945684A1960DB236724373" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
are lentic suspension feeders.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EJGFK" type="Advertisement call">
|
||
<paragraph id="F36FCD2C1F1EA6E65FCFEEC37506F003">
|
||
<heading id="861C6761B4F6DF2F8DEF5CBDB1096C9D" reason="title">Advertisement call.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="2A4D8DA56E39294E01A5B4DCB2CC14FF">
|
||
We recorded the advertisement call of the new species in Gunung Jerai
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPGFK" xlink_title="Mountain">Mt</abbrev>
|
||
.,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9A056FB787FA5A1C317D3B8A444C222C" country="Malaysia" name="Kedah">Kedah</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Peninsular
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8A5043C390F2C3D175F43AC20DDEB085" name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The male advertisement call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B7879129BF5A021D34A6BE15DDD48BD7" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundaica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="2D1D4267A8514BD45BA6EFBCC1065824" italics="true">M. sundaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="0AFE40B63A858C4291FEC46D79A75BD6" bold="true">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8EA626E3502CDC7ED1628C0E1B5DF53D" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
consists of a series of short nasal rasping squeaks. Each call series consisted of usually seven calls (6–8) emitted at a 1.8 ±
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="B5FFA07CEA1E09A2A1CAB29DFD16352B" degrees="0.3" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5555" value="-0.3">0.3 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(1.34–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="11ADEA3C2B027E49BC216FA4250691AE" degrees="2.30" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-2.3">2.30 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
) interval; a single call series lasted for 3.8 ±
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="880E732917C9342C1CD4390EB2B0CFCE" degrees="2.3" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5555" value="-2.3">2.3 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(2.5–6.7). Individual calls lasted for 0.16 ±
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="68F09ADA693350A15CACB5AC3BB9CD0C" degrees="0.03" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-0.03">0.03 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
(0.12–0.21), and each call consisted of 13 ± 2.3 (8–16) pulses. Each call consisted of two syllables: the introductory note and the main call; the frequency of the introductory note was much lower (739 ± 112 Hz) than that of the main call; the relative amplitude sharply increased in the middle of the call, reaching its maximum in the second half of its duration, and then slowly decreased towards the call end (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="AE7B131E2F771433116088D3C7E654E6" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Male advertisement call of the M. berdmorei species complex members, showing a 8 s waveform of relative amplitude (Rel. amp., above), the corresponding spectrogram of the same call (Spec., middle), and expanded 3.6 s waveform of relative amplitude of the same call (Exp. Rel. amp., below) for each species. A M. berdmorei from Aizawl, Mizoram State, India; B M. malcolmi from Song Hinh Forest Reserve, Phu Yen Province, Vietnam; C M. sundaica sp. nov. from Gunung Jerai Mt., Kedah State, Peninsular Malaysia." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.74.e127937.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1148201">10 C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The call’s peak frequency was 2029 ± 106 Hz (1898–2203 Hz).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EEHFK" type="comparisons">
|
||
<paragraph id="3F86162380541D8B8D05A55B0EAEDF05">
|
||
<heading id="F92D7BD393C14B9820147D55E1732C72" reason="title">Comparisons.</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="7E4274A506B0E5831C0D3EA76BDD53A6">
|
||
We here compare
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A20440950874DB11DB745CCB03C64DCC" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundaica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="731DFD310815B29377715D965B52D228" italics="true">M. sundaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="7A0AB565480FDECF3A9D843640F82B94" bold="true">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2EC9C190E168C738B02883187D55D47E" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
with the six other species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A60C07DF5917D86C21506EFCB91E42AB" baseAuthorityName="Blyth" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="berdmorei">
|
||
<emphasis id="F6A07CC5FF85CB41A2108995A915D47D" italics="true">M. berdmorei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D88831F4FB53F6719A4218FD7B244935" baseAuthorityName="Blyth" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="berdmorei">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3067A1159BA308313364FFBB653792D" italics="true">M. berdmorei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C31905595A0CA33D09FC40A925483E14" sensu="stricto">sensu stricto</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2962C4FC8EC4ED579FE60A7F224DEC34" authorityName="Cochran" authorityYear="1927" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malcolmi">
|
||
<emphasis id="5D1B7811678EC9A861DA3E36B9B63DFC" italics="true">M. malcolmi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8BA8CEFCA7E4C820A89AEFF260858A7B" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peninsularis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="66C39013F4D3262A19E0A1AA4B9553BC" italics="true">M. peninsularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="50408DA4952B4227671F1ACF7E68E633" bold="true">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B72B7F4000B9B3CF91536B64B9835A6C" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(described below),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5130814D443EB5A026106088B3CA491A" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="darevskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="7E7A039FE74F7CA5594A3C9942EE0647" italics="true">M. darevskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9DCBAB68DF735BCD92D93BED6418F503" authorityName="Schenkel" authorityYear="1901" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="picta">
|
||
<emphasis id="6CAD0319E09E4D0F463750C0FF2B5A56" italics="true">M. picta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="112D8EF3C58E6A3CA2F249593145C8B2" baseAuthorityName="Hallowell" baseAuthorityYear="1861" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchra">
|
||
<emphasis id="10B066747D43D9534FF5339B71A30EBA" italics="true">Mi. pulchra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The main diagnostic characters separating the new species from these congeners are summarized in Table 5.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4F9831404546D77FAB3211FD51BC4322">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="74B5F64F92CAEEB782CC84952B01B356" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundaica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="EEA094E740E3E3BD48EFADB603E2DA39" italics="true">Microhyla sundaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7A8756FC09DC6E96B50D8AC3CB11256B" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="0EAD1A1883AB7C82FF691542E3BADE16" bold="true">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AD248FDAF14EB4429D0B98090A087301" baseAuthorityName="Blyth" baseAuthorityYear="1856" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="berdmorei">
|
||
<emphasis id="9706FCFAF35C8ADDAB6C4F12B7C333E9" italics="true">M. berdmorei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="481A96360A3AD9D757C594F9AA560901" sensu="stricto">sensu stricto</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
by having: smaller body size in both sexes (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EALFK" xlink_title="snout-vent length">
|
||
<collectionCode id="AD0FC80779850751062CE99661C88C9F">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
</abbrev>
|
||
<quantity id="D1062BE681C3E19408AA1578ADE3EE4F" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.77" metricValueMax="2.79" metricValueMin="2.75" unit="mm" value="27.7" valueMax="27.9" valueMin="27.5">27.5-27.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
in males,
|
||
<quantity id="F20895E27043F971DD395A628CE0ABDB" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.985" metricValueMax="3.1399999999999997" metricValueMin="2.83" unit="mm" value="29.85" valueMax="31.4" valueMin="28.3">28.3-31.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in females vs. 33.0 mm in male,
|
||
<quantity id="833827877018FF302764F7BC07FBE45D" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.72" metricValueMax="3.81" metricValueMin="3.63" unit="mm" value="37.2" valueMax="38.1" valueMin="36.3">36.3-38.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in females); finger I length greater than half of finger II length (F 1> ½ F 2 vs. F 1 <½ F 2); body habitus stocky (vs. slender); toe webbing complete, webbing formula: i 1-1 ii 1 - 2 iii 1 - 1 iv 1 - 1 v (vs. webbing formula: i 1-1 ii 1 - 2 iii 1 - 2 iv 2 - 1 v); dorsomedial grooves on finger and toe disks present (vs. weak or rudimentary); snout in lateral profile bluntly rounded (vs. obtusely pointed); dorsal color gray-bronze with a grayish tint (vs. olive-brown); interorbital markings gray-brown (vs. dark-brown or black); limbs lacking transverse dark crossbars (vs. up to 5–6 narrow prominent crossbars on thighs); iris coloration gray-bronze lacking reticulation and dark vertical stripe (vs. bronze with a black reticulation and a dark vertical stripe below the pupil).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E0D642219A04F005FE801891C48A8B0F">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D7769163FA4ACEFC59B7E91DF80C3367" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundaica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="32441B64CDD3C8B86F9F65C72A32D59D" italics="true">Microhyla sundaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="16C5F224B5ABB1C6F854019301FF8D03" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="F48370D1ABFBDC0A6FC6412E0551EFA4" bold="true">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is further distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B35732FE1CA23FE7427A38EFA2A8A1A9" authorityName="Cochran" authorityYear="1927" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="malcolmi">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8C875F8A847C290F4C0D5B3845349C1" italics="true">M. malcolmi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having: small body size in both sexes (
|
||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5LFK" xlink_title="snout-vent length">
|
||
<collectionCode id="E4F6EF6CB38559E042FA1B60F10B9751">SVL</collectionCode>
|
||
</abbrev>
|
||
<quantity id="C29994F0AF07299241A9339BDB36D563" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.77" metricValueMax="2.79" metricValueMin="2.75" unit="mm" value="27.7" valueMax="27.9" valueMin="27.5">27.5-27.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
in males,
|
||
<quantity id="7CA4BC396256875FF0329B3D1C5F4C94" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.985" metricValueMax="3.1399999999999997" metricValueMin="2.83" unit="mm" value="29.85" valueMax="31.4" valueMin="28.3">28.3-31.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in females vs.
|
||
<quantity id="3D4E98E6CB7D7051FBDC37B8A9C63C17" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.18" metricValueMin="3.32" unit="mm" value="37.5" valueMax="41.8" valueMin="33.2">33.2-41.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
in males, 36.0-
|
||
<quantity id="67B2E3D58DED90DF2A0FD1CB951A4A95" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.38" unit="mm" value="43.8">43.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
in females); body habitus stocky (vs. slender); finger I length greater than half of finger II length (F 1> ½ F 2 vs. F 1 <½ F 2); snout in lateral profile rounded (vs. obtusely pointed); dorsomedial grooves on finger and toe disks present (vs. absent); dorsal color gray-bronze with a grayish tint (vs. gray-brown); limbs with faint gray spots or stripes lacking transverse crossbars (vs. up to 3–4 dark transverse crossbars); iris coloration gray-bronze lacking reticulation and dark vertical stripe (vs. bronze with a black reticulation and a dark vertical stripe below the pupil).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CCAF2E4EFFD51866D261AEB4A32CA13A">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AD8F4543E179CA6F3D1FDD435489DCC" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundaica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="177C80F85912415ABC0573FCF70CF162" italics="true">Microhyla sundaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6D5C83A2A71BEF300B0A5D9D8021C3D9" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="9E1AC9648E96DCE393340AB93048E493" bold="true">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C3D63C41B044118E37135AC123C13D5F" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="darevskii">
|
||
<emphasis id="29FE49A1DF9DD9350E598885BFCA1A02" italics="true">M. darevskii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having: finger disks present (vs. absent); dorsomedial grooves on toe disks present (vs. absent); slightly less developed foot webbing (I 1-1 II 1 - 2 III 1 - 1 IV 1 - 1 V vs. I 1-1 II 1 - 1 III 1 - 1 IV 1 - 1 V); dorsal color gray-bronze with grayish tint (vs. brown); interorbital markings gray-brown blotches (vs. dark-brown band); belly color in life bright yellow with irregular grayish spots (vs. no yellow color on belly); limbs with faint gray spots or stripes (vs. absent); iris coloration gray-bronze without reticulation (vs. golden with a black reticulation).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8AA8D7B03A1FC816C23BB555E5C30263">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C556D2A9234453D7D303D18F6B9D4C04" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundaica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A156EC7D8755A12B8C3B5D9DB1F30DD" italics="true">Microhyla sundaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E9F55EF6E6B1D60CA41FBED5CCB93AF7" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="4C3833825666E5E0C5FBF4720A0EAFC4" bold="true">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
further differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="45FF958A6F3D928A8FF66E1E472DF49A" authorityName="Schenkel" authorityYear="1901" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="picta">
|
||
<emphasis id="EBE68F933A0E2BEB124835AA3EBD940C" italics="true">M. picta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having: body habitus stocky (vs. stout); dorsum slighthly tuberculated with small tubercles (vs. strongly tubercular with large warts); finger I length greater than half of finger II length (F 1> ½ F 2 vs. F 1 <½ F 2); finger disks present (vs. absent); toe disks present (vs. absent); dorsomedial grooves on toe disks present (vs. absent); tibiotarsal articulation of an adpressed limb reaching well beyond snout (vs. eye level); better development of foot webbing (I 1-1 II 1 - 2 III 1 - 1 IV 1 - 1 V vs. I 2-2 ¾ II 1 ¾ - 2 ¾ III 2 ¾ - 3 ¾ IV 4 - 2 ½ V); dorsal color gray-bronze with grayish tint (vs. brown to sandy); interorbital markings gray-brown blotches (vs. dark-brown band); belly color bright yellow with irregular grayish spots (vs. no yellow color on belly); limbs with faint gray spots or stripes (vs. brown transverse crossbars); iris coloration gray-bronze without reticulation (vs. golden with a black reticulation and with a distinct vertical dark stripe).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE6B42B0987B27F5FCD555B8E8A03689">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FF5FE027203B0FD5D551788607723A09" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sundaica" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="249668D0824F0A74C30B3EF312DE96E2" italics="true">Microhyla sundaica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BCAF05187809C7E5FB1122286D575A7C" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="E6FCD6BC695E16709C844EBC1BA48595" bold="true">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
can be further differentiated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="684D035F5FE554614182F0D776588CED" baseAuthorityName="Hallowell" baseAuthorityYear="1861" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchra">
|
||
<emphasis id="AEA37FEBFD3D6AA239F822B2E57208F6" italics="true">M. pulchra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having: skin on dorsum shagreened with numerous small tubercles (vs. completely smooth); finger I length greater than half of finger II length (F 1> ½ F 2 vs. F 1 <½ F 2); finger disks present (vs. absent); toe disks present (vs. absent); dorsomedial grooves on toe disks present (vs. absent); tibiotarsal articulation of an adpressed limb reaching well beyond snout (vs. to snout or just beyond); better developed foot webbing (I 1-1 II 1 - 2 III 1 - 1 IV 1 - 1 V vs. I 1 ½ - 2 II 1-3 III 2 - 3 ¼ IV 3 ½ - 2 V); dorsal color gray-bronze with grayish tint (vs. characteristic agate pattern consisting of numerous light and dark brown lines); interorbital markings as gray-brown blotches (vs. brown transverse band); limbs with faint gray spots or stripes (vs. dark-brown to olive-brown transverse crossbars); iris coloration gray-bronze without reticulation (vs. gray with black reticulation and with a distinct vertical dark stripe).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B3777523289A691949E24F24FC7896F1">
|
||
For comparisons of the new species with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="32BA8763F635032CEA22C5A7504F9774" authorityName="Trofimets & Dufresnes & Pawangkhanant & Bragin & Gorin & Hasan & Lalremsanga & Muin & Le & Nguyen & Suwannapoom & Poyarkov" authorityYear="2024" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Microhyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peninsularis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="E876A2A50E1C7EC3522399FD9E872630" italics="true">M. peninsularis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="D0944BA6ED6795C43FC3DC1F40EC5A56" bold="true">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9D8E5D9820CFA163502EDF9AD7D7AB84" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, see below.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |