166 lines
21 KiB
XML
166 lines
21 KiB
XML
<document id="7765FCBEB031326E4C2BCB39C3DF72EB" ID-CLB-Dataset="33331" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.664.11881" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5affa7d2-a73b-4025-bd9e-a318295516c7" ID-PMC="PMC5523158" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-664-1" ID-PubMed="28769623" ID-ZooBank="C86AA26D022948D8A36E5BBBE871F7EA" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-664-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 664" ModsDocTitle="A revision of the Oriental species of Bolitogyrus Chevrolat (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylininae)" checkinTime="1490795552514" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Brunke, Adam J." docDate="2017" docId="494515EC498A1EDA1F0469D3AA5F9A6B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 664: 1-97" docOrigin="ZooKeys 664" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.664.11881" docTitle="Bolitogyrus caesareus Bernhauer 1915" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="21" masterDocId="1C11EF08FFA0FF81FFDBB829D66FE206" masterDocTitle="A revision of the Oriental species of Bolitogyrus Chevrolat (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylininae)" masterLastPageNumber="97" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1701381872000" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="C83A5048B1FD9EB34A0B81B8C6DB639F">A revision of the Oriental species of Bolitogyrus Chevrolat (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylininae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3695767040A58AACDAEEC506177C664F">Brunke, Adam J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="0943A957018E2AD6A584561F982BBD55">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:classification id="1068B46B001D6EE3998B16815A2076B6">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="994C3625566B35C106F781547D82AC23" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.664.11881</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="494515EC498A1EDA1F0469D3AA5F9A6B" ID-GBIF-Taxon="128090130" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:494515EC498A1EDA1F0469D3AA5F9A6B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/494515EC498A1EDA1F0469D3AA5F9A6B" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection id="5983C5B44A11D2EAD71982352AA20558" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5B0326575659CE669EEF290C517FFDAB" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName id="D4949A003E6ADD61A64658223C815412" ID-CoL="MDTB" authority="Bernhauer, 1915" authorityName="Bernhauer" authorityYear="1915" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Bolitogyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitogyrus caesareus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caesareus">Bolitogyrus caesareus (Bernhauer, 1915)</taxonomicName>
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Figs 1C, 3A, 4C, 10
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<normalizedToken id="18433D3A1C12C040929D3529EF535E3B" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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, 19C (map)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9C3EA581B648E364AC49FAEAE9FDB15E" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8594518EDF07CBF7F5B61C9DDB19CCB5" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName id="77CAE14834B6C3BF70062BD6D386DC16" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Cyrtothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtothorax caesareus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caesareus">
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<pageBreakToken id="D05983EBFE1A86041926749C9D8AD241" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" start="start">Cyrtothorax</pageBreakToken>
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caesareus
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</taxonomicName>
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Bernhaeur, 1915: 146.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1EC18D9B2EFD341F8EC9EFAD960970BB" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName id="8BCFD87A2C81EAB9E5F519BF73255B3F" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Cyrtothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtothorax borneensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borneensis">Cyrtothorax borneensis</taxonomicName>
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Cameron, 1942: 138, syn. n.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F1DBB171FFEBAC795DDACD67E990ECEC" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="type locality">
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<paragraph id="B3B593BF0F1AF5849655DCAE9EB39041" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B35A6175972A774D7AB936938D137EC2" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Mt. Matang, Sarawak, Borneo, Malaysia.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="84FAE533DC4E38BC136E564FBE08B3D4" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="5921D737F26A1D57A658FC808C9721DA" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="23D50D8DF6B4DFFB864CF037730C2275" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName id="05A5414136925FDCEF01639CB850AF92" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Cyrtothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtothorax caesareus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caesareus">Cyrtothorax caesareus</taxonomicName>
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Bernhauer, 1915.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="60866426093B4F13B2B83169663AC35A" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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Holotype (♂, FMNH) [dermestid damage]. Borneo. Matang, 26.XII.1913, Moulton, Sarawak Museum [handwritten] / 18 [handwritten] /
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<taxonomicName id="4DE7DB4F9742E161336CC5AA6D110B7F" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Cyrtothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtothorax caesareus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caesareus">Cyrtothorax caesareus</taxonomicName>
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Brnh, Typus unic [handwritten] / Chicago NHMus, M. Bernhauer Collection [printed] / Holotype ♂,
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<taxonomicName id="5FA8B867A3956EF5782BBE58CDEA6886" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Cyrtothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtothorax caesareus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caesareus">Cyrtothorax caesareus</taxonomicName>
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Bernhauer, 1915, det. A. Brunke 2017 [red printed label] / AJB0000396 [identifier label].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="38A12B42B395C4E95A3615A10A36F104" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="25EA2D0C8AEDA63898289D5DF8B426ED" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A1C5257D3A7A1E668833BCC878813E54" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<taxonomicName id="AD9A52E1B36445F6142A047FB4C7BAD8" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Cyrtothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtothorax borneensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borneensis">Cyrtothorax borneensis</taxonomicName>
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Cameron, 1942, syn. n.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="279F59B3F5A4A3D430391D46FE2C21B9" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Type locality. Martapura, South Kalimantan, Borneo, Indonesia.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C4E5ADB4595F7FE01CD08C7B186FA6BC" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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Holotype (♂, BMNH): Type [circle label with red border] / Martapura, S.E. Borneo, Doherty, 1891 [typed label] / C.
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<taxonomicName id="243BF8DC4B37F9785F43813DE70287C8" genus="Cyrtoquediina" lsidName="Cyrtoquediina borneensis" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="borneensis">borneensis</taxonomicName>
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TYPE Cam. [handwritten] / M. Cameron Bequest. B.M. 1955-147. [printed] / Holotype ♂,
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<taxonomicName id="326EAED725DD1C984237F825FDD25FB2" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Cyrtothorax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtothorax borneensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borneensis">Cyrtothorax borneensis</taxonomicName>
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Cameron, 1942, det. A. Brunke 2017 [red printed label] /
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<taxonomicName id="164EB4D1E865FB23FF12BABBC5589D60" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Bolitogyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitogyrus caesareus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caesareus">Bolitogyrus caesareus</taxonomicName>
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Bernhauer, det. A. Brunke 2017 [white printed label] / AJB0000398 [identifier label].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F96A92EF71BDFF9DF63E3EB225576FAB" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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<bibRefCitation id="CF6B115A97F1A47AB32B24BDF43AFED1" author="Cameron, M" journalOrPublisher="The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="136 - 139" title="New species of Staphylinidae (Col.) from Borneo." volume="78" year="1942">Cameron (1942)</bibRefCitation>
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stated that his specimen was a female but it is actually a male with an aedeagus not appreciably different from that of the holotype of
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<taxonomicName id="AD1109098F6DC64656D67D4E86E7A29E" lsidName="B. caesareus" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species" species="caesareus">B. caesareus</taxonomicName>
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, and well within the range of variation seen by the present author for this taxon. Diagnostic characters given by Cameron included antennal and abdominal coloration
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<pageBreakToken id="44AFBDA3C5B7D490AB68FA62F873322C" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" start="start">but</pageBreakToken>
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these are variable within
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<taxonomicName id="15FD1D9693E1592AB13AC1B0A70C8357" lsidName="B. caesareus" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species" species="caesareus">B. caesareus</taxonomicName>
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and both extremes were observed at the same collection site (e.g., Danum valley).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B9CBD7D9B29B04E575406BE2084504BA" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="908ED091661F69D48F9F632401188CB1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Other material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="05DD10E1B61C6A7C992E6D676DDF7846" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">BRUNEI: Temburong: Kuala Belalong FSC, 260 m, 4.539 115.156, Dipterocarp forest, flight intercept trap, 8.II.1992, N. Mawdsley, 1 ♀, AJB0000481, (BMNH); same except II-III.1992, 1 ♀, AJB0000482 (BMNH).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CDFA7AC2607FD02A27DF247C039A61DC" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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MALAYSIA: Johor: Endau-Rompin National Park, Pulau Jasin, 50-400 m, 2.516 103.349, 19.III.1998, Dembicky & Pacholatko, 1 ♂, AJB0000480 (NHMB); Pahang: Gunung Benom, Lata Jarum (20 km NE Raub), 350-550 m, 19-22.II.1995, M. Strba & R. Hergovits, 1 ♀, AJB0000483 (NMW); Lata Lembik, 30 km NE Raub, 200-400 m, 22.IV-V.2002, E. Jendek & O. Sausa, 1 ♀, AJB0000486 (cSHI); Taman Negara, Tahan tr. [trail], 90-130 m, primary forest, 11.III.1993,
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<normalizedToken id="17EB3D7BCC440EC21ABF681C086E463E" originalValue="Löbl">Loebl</normalizedToken>
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& Calame, 1 ♂ 1♀, AJB0000397, AJB0000485 (MHNG). Sabah: Danum Valley, B.R.I., flight intercept trap, 14-16.II.2007, G. de Rougemont, 2 ♂, AJB0000473, AJB0000478 (cRou); Lahad Datu, Ulu Segama, Forest Reserve, Danum Valley F.C.,
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<geoCoordinate id="0B24C8995C337750FD28D8AB768750EB" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="4.965">4°57.9'N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="8E6EBE74C61298BCC5D30B96AF5F7077" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="117.80167">117°48.1'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 200 m, 1° forest, flight intercept trap, 1.XI.2005, Mann, Slade and Villaneuva, 1 ♂ 3 ♀, AJB0000474, AJB0000475, AJB0000477, AJB0000479 (OUMNH); Ranau, Poring Hot Spring and Nature Reserve, 26.X.1990, G. de Rougemont, 1 ♀, AJB0000484 (cRou); Sandakan Division, Maliau Basin Conservation Area, trail to OG2, 287 m, old growth forest, flight intercept trap, 4.745 116.969, 1 ♀, AJB0000476, Mann (OUMNH).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1944BD03C386A5826964F1B38D402E4E" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="D57C94C579DA21BA3259B9DCE5315E17" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="477E77D82F4DEE1350B768F9DA86EE13" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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Among the members of the Caesareus Group, the yellow-ringed black spot near the humerus of each elytron is unique to
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<taxonomicName id="E40AA627D52713040E0E7A58B517A551" lsidName="B. caesareus" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species" species="caesareus">B. caesareus</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 1C). At present, it cannot be confused with any other species of
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<taxonomicName id="0BF306EF8F26AEFEDDED7340F1AD979E" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Bolitogyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitogyrus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bolitogyrus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="00B720F61C4044A9DBD956DDFCCD6A4D" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="redescription">
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<paragraph id="9625BFCDA37A3C83A8FC73005F717991" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Redescription.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3781FE7720FF4916B8B20AEE9C198D88" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Measurements ♂ (n = 5): HW/HL 1.38-1.44; PW/PL 1.29-1.46; EW/ EL 1.15-1.28; ESut/PL 0.89-0.95; PW/HW 0.96-1.07; forebody length 5.5-6.0 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="AA8F4095E4FF56CD1438BD9381829C93" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Measurements ♀ (n = 5): HW/HL 1.36-1.41; PW/PL 1.25-1.36; EW/ EL 1.17-1.25; ESut/PL 0.93-0.96; PW/HW 0.97-1.02; forebody length 5.2-6.4 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B028D484F0B4E034D30796715A18B74D" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Coloration: body yellowish-red; head black except middle third of frons; elytra with distinct black spot margined with yellow, spot about one third the length of elytra; abdominal tergites III (entirely), IV (basally and medioapically), VI (entirely except very base), VII (entirely except for pale apical one fifth) and VIII (entirely) black; antennomere 1 yellowish except for occasionally darkened apex, 2 reddish with dark apical half, 3-7 dark brown, apical four or apical three (most common) pale yellow to almost white, apical segment asymmetrically dark on one specimen, a few specimens seen with an antennomere half dark and half pale yellow; palpi entirely yellow to dark orange, apices sometimes darkened.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="86A5E0FA6C90895DDC2146AA749EFBFE" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Head distinctly transverse, dorsal surface with moderately dense but clearly separated, asetose punctures, frons nearly impunctate. Antennomeres 6-10 transverse and asymmetrical.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2B4C2CB458B0A2A1D0CFE691799987DB" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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Pronotum variable in shape but always distinctly transverse, convex, pronotal margin greatly expanded to variable degree. Elytra weakly to moderately transverse depending on the degree of lateral dilation, slightly shorter than pronotum at middle, in addition to usual macrosetal rows on disc, scattered punctures bearing setae, nearly
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<pageBreakToken id="FFA26D366C710FA565D48CDD22658322" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" start="start">all</pageBreakToken>
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punctures setose on epipleuron of elytron; elytral disc bearing yellow margin of humeral spot raised and impunctate.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B7BE09A35A4B4FC7B015486326FFA507" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Abdomen with disc of tergites III-V distinctly, VI narrowly or not impunctate at middle; sternites III-IV with basal line distinctly, V slightly projected posteriad at middle.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B6867EA3ECD1A4CE29B5496C778DCC74" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Median lobe in lateral view gradually narrowed toward distinctly to slightly hooked apex, slightly constricted at apical third, without median tooth (Fig. 10B); median lobe in parameral view with apical half spoon shaped, apex slightly acute and pointed (Fig. 10A); paramere slightly to very slightly shorter than median lobe, constricted in basal third, variably dilated at about midlength, peg setae distributed in marginal group, about 2-4 peg setae wide, sometimes forming a median group in basal half (Fig. 10C); apical margin of male sternite VII with very slight emargination, male sternite VIII with shallow but distinct emargination and broad triangular, flattened, glabrous area medially; male sternite IX distinctly expanded at midlength, with distinct emargination, disc mostly glabrous except for conspicuous, divergent pair of rows of long setae.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3CE7D066B1F094F674A2479D16898A9C" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Female tergite X elongate triangular, constricted at about midlength, with elongate raised discal area that is strongly impressed longitudinally.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1100B7B2295845531F9B717228AFBC69" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8239770AAB24697DF2A472510F9A8FB3" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="EF5A84E87BADC59C87F75C27A40F9153" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Figure 19C. Distributed on both Borneo and mainland Malaysia. No males were available from Brunei and these are only tentatively identified as this species.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="338F780BC1947FC1365C81A8E507A10A" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="bionomics">
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<paragraph id="9F61E2D75303BD9692028E15B065E837" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Bionomics.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="62A20ACF8F1D4B5E08C5679D5A623064" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
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<taxonomicName id="8C51A918B8A3494F5EE6A95238AB36A8" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Bolitogyrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bolitogyrus caesareus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caesareus">Bolitogyrus caesareus</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an inhabitant of lowland, often primary, rainforest, up to an elevation of about 550 m. Specimens were collected February to April and September-October.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F190A9A2FD12CEA6143D30AEC17B3845" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="comments">
|
||
<paragraph id="A77578ED4C8277711D885C371FE2D966" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Comments.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D4CF9759FC809070CEE5155AF3987D82" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
No consistent differences could be found between specimens from mainland Asia and Borneo.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C47D619FEE9452003DC243DAAA1B024D" author="Bernhauer, M" journalOrPublisher="zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" pagination="134 - 158" title="Neue Staphyliniden der indo-malaiischen Fauna, insbesondere der Sunda-Insel Borneo. Verhandlungen der k. k." volume="65" year="1915">Bernhauer (1915)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
speculated that this species might be termitophilous as it was sent to him along with many other specimens of species known to be termite guests. Similarly, one recent specimen was seen with a highly modified, likely inquiline, aleocharine rove beetle attached to its midleg. As in other staphylinines that are confirmed to be associated with termites (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AA642E13681F3B02EFC532338BF12BDD" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Taxiplagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Taxiplagus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Taxiplagus</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the apical antennomeres of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2D7813EFEA50C27DAC76B22BD80F9366" lsidName="B. caesareus" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species" species="caesareus">B. caesareus</taxonomicName>
|
||
and its closest relatives are asymmetrical and slightly expanded, possibly to find social insects via airborne pheromones. While this species is unlikely to be a truly integrated
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E7E10676CB87930AAA8E1B4E2411891F" originalValue="‘guest’">'guest'</normalizedToken>
|
||
of termites, it is quite possibly a predator of wood-nesting termites and may become attracted to nests that have been physically compromised.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |