230 lines
28 KiB
XML
230 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="2FCCD5F1B211B5B8890FD84E15AA7908" ID-CLB-Dataset="32158" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4318.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8d4c68da-48ac-44d9-982b-bb2a13ed886c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="887692" ID-ZooBank="2848Cac4-F301-4A47-B6Cd-366051Ad2B5E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1504882863022" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Albert, James S." docDate="2017" docId="92168D11E72A474C1CC4FF1DFB1CFC19" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4318.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4318 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Gymnotus carapo subsp. australis Albert 2017, New Subspecies" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="427" masterDocId="6E2FF569E73047561C53FF8AFFDBFFDE" masterDocTitle="Revision of the polytypic electric fish Gymnotus carapo (Gymnotiformes, Teleostei), with descriptions of seven subspecies" masterLastPageNumber="438" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="427" updateTime="1698450940059" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="F5C5C2FE2A6A6DB7A4B4C635C227729B">Revision of the polytypic electric fish Gymnotus carapo (Gymnotiformes, Teleostei), with descriptions of seven subspecies</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="1781F5F7F44012A317F29E2BEB2432D1" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="98D90AE502CF86632A5E8D1883C12A68">Albert, James S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D1121B9C92F436E8F9E5127431DF727F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="0447ED36E24DE16C95D65FE10BED184B">
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<mods:date id="627D3CE2632C52AA3F8CB55FC5D7F6F0">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2E25D37AAA59AF12CB3C210D317AAD4A">2017-08-08</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="F42DEA9342FD4FDBACAA84D38DCE3047">4318</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="E5BD4162AC5A9AEFBE8E7A333CC9A890" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4318.3.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="92168D11E72A474C1CC4FF1DFB1CFC19" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6045065" ID-GBIF-Taxon="134015858" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6045065" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:92168D11E72A474C1CC4FF1DFB1CFC19" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/92168D11E72A474C1CC4FF1DFB1CFC19" lastPageNumber="427" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">
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<subSubSection id="52A56F8CE72A474C1CC4FF1DFE62FF0D" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1A003C07E72A474C1CC4FF1DFD72FF6C" blockId="26.[151,681,151,211]" box="[151,681,151,178]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">
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<heading id="41488B6BE72A474C1CC4FF1DFD72FF6C" bold="true" box="[151,681,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="28CBE015E72A474C1CC4FF1DFD72FF6C" bold="true" box="[151,681,151,178]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">
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<taxonomicName id="DDBF4784E72A474C1CC4FF1DFE07FF6F" authority="Albert, 2017" authorityName="Albert" authorityYear="2017" box="[151,476,151,177]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="carapo" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="australis">
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<emphasis id="28CBE015E72A474C1CC4FF1DFE07FF6F" bold="true" box="[151,476,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">Gymnotus carapo australis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="33F85D6EE72A474C1DB7FF12FD72FF6C" box="[484,681,152,178]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" rank="subSpecies">New Subspecies</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1A003C07E72A474C1CC4FF30FE62FF0D" blockId="26.[151,681,151,211]" box="[151,441,186,211]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">
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<figureCitation id="82842082E72A474C1CC4FF30FF2FFF0D" box="[151,244,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1769,1791]" captionTargetBox="[201,1369,183,1743]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[201,1369,183,1743]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Specimens illustrating variation in body shape and color pattern among seven subspecies of Gymnotus carapo A. G. c. australis, MLP 11222, 289 mm, Argentina, Misiones province, Río Iguazú basin, Arroyo Verde (25 ° 40 ’ 15 ” S, 053 ° 56 ’ 00.8 ” W); B. G. c. caatingaensis, AUM 20624, 225 mm. Brazil, Piauí, Río Gurgueia aff. Río Parnaíba (08 ° 32 ’ 24 ” S, 044 ° 25 ’ 48 ” W); C. G. c. carapo, UMMZ 190414, 146 mm. Suriname, Brokopondo, Marshal Kreek, aff. Suriname River (05 ° 14 ’ 24.9 ” N, 055 ° 05 ’ 58.6 ” W); D. G. c. madeirensis, UMSS 0 6964, 178 mm. Brazil, Amazonas, Río Beni (10 ° 51 ’ 44.302 ” S, 066 ° 04 ’ 50.300 ” W); E. G. c. occidentalis, UF 122820, 279 mm. Peru, Loreto, Iquitos (03 ° 43 ’ 51.73 ” S, 073 ° 15 ’ 3.83 ” W); F. G. c. orientalis, MCZ 45189, 165 mm. Brazil, Para, Parauapebas, Río Arari, Ilha de Marajó (01 ° 01 ’ S, 048 ° 58 ’ W); G. G. c. septentrionalis, ROM 83885, 233 mm. Guyana, Essequibo, Río Mazaruni (04 ° 55 ’ 33.208 ” N, 060 ° 36 ’ 53.784 ” W). Scale bars = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/887698/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">Figure 3</figureCitation>
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A,
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<tableCitation id="573D09BCE72A474C1D44FF30FEAEFF0D" box="[279,373,186,211]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="20.[119,194,473,493]" captionText="TABLE 3. Morphometric đata for 486 specimens of 30 species anđ subspecies of the G. carapo anđ G. tigre clađes, incluđing new taxa đescribeđ in this paper. See Materials anđ Methođs for morphometric anđ geographic abbreviations. " ̲ ̏ inđicates no đata." pageId="26" pageNumber="427">Tables 3</tableCitation>
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and
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<tableCitation id="573D09BCE72A474C1DF8FF31FE62FF0D" box="[427,441,187,211]" captionStart="TABLE 4" captionStartId="23.[125,200,475,495]" captionText="TABLE 4. Meristic đata for 486 specimens of 30 species anđ subspecies of the G. carapo anđ G. tigre clađes, incluđing the new taxa đescribeđ in this paper. Asterisks inđicate values reporteđ a međian if no mođe exists. All other abbreviations anđ symbols as in Table 3." pageId="26" pageNumber="427">4</tableCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="52A56F8CE72A474C1CC4FE88FC32FEBD" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="1A003C07E72A474C1CC4FE88FE83FEE1" blockId="26.[151,1437,258,967]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">
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<materialsCitation id="AAD7365AE72A474C1CC4FE88FE83FEE1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1632856872" collectionCode="MLP" country="Argentina" latitude="-25.670834" location="Arroyo Verde" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-53.933556" municipality="Rio Iguazu" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Misiones province" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="C50482A5E72A474C1CC4FE88FED3FEC5" box="[151,264,258,283]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="7CAEA4C2E72A474C1D47FE89FE95FEC4" box="[276,334,259,282]" country="Argentina" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/66si-588n" name="Museo de La Plata" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">MLP</collectionCode>
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11221 (1),
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,
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<collectingCountry id="62A87C97E72A474C1E6EFE88FD74FEC5" box="[573,687,258,283]" name="Argentina" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">Argentina</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="D87BF2E5E72A474C1EE8FE88FC54FEC5" box="[699,911,258,283]" country="Argentina" name="Misiones" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">Misiones province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="FA64A67DE72A474C1FC9FE89FBCDFEC5" box="[922,1046,259,283]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">Río Iguazú</collectingMunicipality>
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basin,
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(
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,
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1A003C07E72A474C1C94FEC0FC32FEBD" blockId="26.[151,1437,258,967]" box="[199,1001,330,355]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">
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<materialsCitation id="AAD7365AE72A474C1C94FEC0FC32FEBD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1632856870" box="[199,1001,330,355]" collectionCode="MLP" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<emphasis id="28CBE015E72A474C1C94FEC0FEE6FEBD" bold="true" box="[199,317,330,355]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">
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<typeStatus id="C50482A5E72A474C1C94FEC0FEE3FEBD" box="[199,312,330,355]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="7CAEA4C2E72A474C1D17FEC1FEA5FEBC" box="[324,382,331,354]" country="Argentina" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/66si-588n" name="Museo de La Plata" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">MLP</collectionCode>
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11222 (6),
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<quantity id="DD4791E2E72A474C1DACFEC0FD4DFEBC" box="[511,662,330,355]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.915" metricValueMax="3.21" metricValueMin="2.62" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" unit="mm" value="291.5" valueMax="321.0" valueMin="262.0">262–321 mm</quantity>
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, same locality as
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<collectionCode id="7CAEA4C2E72A474C1F0FFEC1FC4DFEBC" box="[860,918,331,354]" country="Argentina" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/66si-588n" name="Museo de La Plata" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">MLP</collectionCode>
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11221.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="52A56F8CE72A474C1C94FEE4FD07FC85" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" type="description">
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<paragraph id="1A003C07E72A474C1C94FEE4FB6BFDE4" blockId="26.[151,1437,258,967]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">
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<materialsCitation id="AAD7365AE72A474C1C94FEE4FCCFFE75" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1632856873" collectingDate="2002-02" collectionCode="MLP" collectorName="J. Casciotta" latitude="-25.788805" location="Rio Iguazu" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.029167" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Misiones">
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<emphasis id="28CBE015E72A474C1C94FEE4FE8AFE59" bold="true" box="[199,337,366,391]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">Non-Types:</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="7CAEA4C2E72A474C1D09FEE5FE4FFE58" box="[346,404,367,390]" country="Argentina" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/66si-588n" name="Museo de La Plata" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">MLP</collectionCode>
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11223 (4),
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<quantity id="DD4791E2E72A474C1E4FFEE4FD6DFE58" box="[540,694,366,391]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.44" metricValueMax="2.7199999999999998" metricValueMin="2.16" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" unit="mm" value="244.0" valueMax="272.0" valueMin="216.0">216–272 mm</quantity>
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, Arroyo Deseado Chico (
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="7F8B5AC0E72A474C18D6FEE4FAE3FE59" box="[1157,1336,366,391]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" precision="1" value="-54.029167">054°01’45.0”W</geoCoordinate>
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), cuenca
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<location id="1F606ADCE72A474C1CC4FE19FEC2FE75" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:92168D11E72A474C1CC4FF1DFB1CFC19:1F606ADCE72A474C1CC4FE19FEC2FE75" box="[151,281,403,427]" latitude="-25.788805" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.029167" name="Rio Iguazu" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" stateProvince="Misiones">Río Iguazú</location>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="D87BF2E5E72A474C1D7BFE18FE49FE75" box="[296,402,402,427]" country="Argentina" name="Misiones" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">Misiones</collectingRegion>
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. Col.:
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<collectorName id="B74A59D1E72A474C1DB1FE19FDB1FE75" box="[482,618,402,427]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">J. Casciotta</collectorName>
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,
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<emphasis id="28CBE015E72A474C1E2AFE19FD6EFE75" box="[633,693,403,427]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">et al.</emphasis>
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<date id="6E011AC7E72A474C1EECFE19FCCFFE75" box="[703,788,403,427]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" value="2002-02">II/2002</date>
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</collectingDate>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="AAD7365AE72A474C1F70FE19FB03FE11" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1632856863" collectingDate="2002-02" collectionCode="MLP" collectorName="J. Casciotta" latitude="-25.788805" location="Rio Iguazu" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.029167" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Misiones">
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<collectionCode id="7CAEA4C2E72A474C1F70FE19FC86FE74" box="[803,861,403,426]" country="Argentina" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/66si-588n" name="Museo de La Plata" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">MLP</collectionCode>
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11223 (7),
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<quantity id="DD4791E2E72A474C1FBAFE19FB58FE74" box="[1001,1155,403,427]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" unit="mm" value="220.0" valueMax="330.0" valueMin="110.0">110–330 mm</quantity>
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, Arroyo Deseado Chico (
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<geoCoordinate id="7F8B5AC0E72A474C1CCCFE3CFEE1FE11" box="[159,314,438,463]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" precision="1" value="-25.788805">25°47’19.7”S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="7F8B5AC0E72A474C1D14FE3CFE20FE11" box="[327,507,438,463]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" precision="1" value="-54.029167">054°01’45.0”W</geoCoordinate>
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), cuenca
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<location id="1F606ADCE72A474C1E34FE3DFD3CFE11" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:92168D11E72A474C1CC4FF1DFB1CFC19:1F606ADCE72A474C1E34FE3DFD3CFE11" box="[615,743,439,463]" latitude="-25.788805" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.029167" name="Rio Iguazu" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" stateProvince="Misiones">Río Iguazú</location>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="D87BF2E5E72A474C1EA6FE3CFC84FE11" box="[757,863,438,463]" country="Argentina" name="Misiones" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">Misiones</collectingRegion>
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. Col.:
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<collectorName id="B74A59D1E72A474C1FF8FE3DFBEAFE11" box="[939,1073,438,463]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">J. Casciotta</collectorName>
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,
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<emphasis id="28CBE015E72A474C186DFE3DFBA2FE10" box="[1086,1145,438,462]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">et al.</emphasis>
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<collectingDate id="7E45E32FE72A474C18D2FE3DFB03FE11" box="[1153,1240,439,463]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" value="2002-02">
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<date id="6E011AC7E72A474C18D2FE3DFB03FE11" box="[1153,1240,439,463]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" value="2002-02">II/2002</date>
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</collectingDate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="AAD7365AE72A474C18B7FE3DFF08FDC9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1632856871" collectingDate="2002-02" collectionCode="MLP" collectorName="J. Casciotta" latitude="-25.708889" location="Rio Iguazu" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-54.09333" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Misiones">
|
||
<collectionCode id="7CAEA4C2E72A474C18B7FE3DFAC5FE10" box="[1252,1310,439,462]" country="Argentina" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/66si-588n" name="Museo de La Plata" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">MLP</collectionCode>
|
||
11225 (3),
|
||
<quantity id="DD4791E2E72A474C1CC4FE51FEF5FE2C" box="[151,302,475,499]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.695" metricValueMax="3.18" metricValueMin="2.21" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" unit="mm" value="269.5" valueMax="318.0" valueMin="221.0">221–318 mm</quantity>
|
||
, Arroyo Lobo (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7F8B5AC0E72A474C1D8EFE50FDB9FE2D" box="[477,610,474,499]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" precision="15" value="-25.708889">25°42’32”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7F8B5AC0E72A474C1E3DFE50FCD6FE2D" box="[622,781,474,499]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" precision="15" value="-54.09333">054°05’36”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), cuenca
|
||
<location id="1F606ADCE72A474C1F26FE51FC2FFE2D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:92168D11E72A474C1CC4FF1DFB1CFC19:1F606ADCE72A474C1F26FE51FC2FFE2D" box="[885,1012,475,499]" latitude="-25.708889" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-54.09333" name="Rio Iguazu" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" stateProvince="Misiones">Río Iguazú</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D87BF2E5E72A474C1FACFE50FBB2FE2D" box="[1023,1129,474,499]" country="Argentina" name="Misiones" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">Misiones</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Col.:
|
||
<collectorName id="B74A59D1E72A474C18E0FE51FAECFE2D" box="[1203,1335,474,499]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">J. Casciotta</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="28CBE015E72A474C1911FE51FAA0FE2D" box="[1346,1403,475,499]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingDate id="7E45E32FE72A474C19D1FE51FF08FDC9" bridgedPair="/" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" value="2002-02">
|
||
<date id="6E011AC7E72A474C19D1FE51FF08FDC9" bridgedPair="/" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" value="2002-02">II/ 2002</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="AAD7365AE72A474C1C8FFE75FE22FDE5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1632856878" collectingDate="2002-02" collectionCode="MLP" collectorName="J. Casciotta" latitude="-25.786888" location="Rio Iguazu" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-53.97025" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Misiones">
|
||
<collectionCode id="7CAEA4C2E72A474C1C8FFE75FECDFDC8" box="[220,278,511,534]" country="Argentina" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/66si-588n" name="Museo de La Plata" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">MLP</collectionCode>
|
||
11226 (3),
|
||
<quantity id="DD4791E2E72A474C1DC5FE74FDF6FDC8" box="[406,557,510,535]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.71" metricValueMax="2.7399999999999998" metricValueMin="2.68" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" unit="mm" value="271.0" valueMax="274.0" valueMin="268.0">268–274 mm</quantity>
|
||
, Arroyo Tateto (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7F8B5AC0E72A474C1EB6FE74FCA4FDC9" box="[741,895,510,535]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" precision="1" value="-25.786888">25°47’12.8”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="7F8B5AC0E72A474C1FD9FE74FBE5FDC9" box="[906,1086,510,535]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" precision="1" value="-53.97025">053°58’12.9”W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), cuenca
|
||
<location id="1F606ADCE72A474C18F6FE75FAFFFDC9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:92168D11E72A474C1CC4FF1DFB1CFC19:1F606ADCE72A474C18F6FE75FAFFFDC9" box="[1189,1316,511,535]" latitude="-25.786888" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-53.97025" name="Rio Iguazu" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" stateProvince="Misiones">Río Iguazú</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="D87BF2E5E72A474C197DFE74FA43FDC9" box="[1326,1432,510,535]" country="Argentina" name="Misiones" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">Misiones</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Col.:
|
||
<collectorName id="B74A59D1E72A474C1C86FDA9FE82FDE5" box="[213,345,546,571]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">J. Casciotta</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="28CBE015E72A474C1D37FDA9FE47FDE5" box="[356,412,547,571]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingDate id="7E45E32FE72A474C1DF0FDA9FE22FDE5" box="[419,505,547,571]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" value="2002-02">
|
||
<date id="6E011AC7E72A474C1DF0FDA9FE22FDE5" box="[419,505,547,571]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" value="2002-02">II/2002</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
. MCP 19552 (3),
|
||
<quantity id="DD4791E2E72A474C1E92FDA8FC82FDE4" box="[705,857,546,571]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.405" metricValueMax="3.36" metricValueMin="1.45" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" unit="mm" value="240.5" valueMax="336.0" valueMin="145.0">145–336 mm</quantity>
|
||
. MCP 6059 (3),
|
||
<quantity id="DD4791E2E72A474C1847FDA8FB77FDE4" box="[1044,1196,546,571]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6399999999999997" metricValueMax="3.55" metricValueMin="1.73" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" unit="mm" value="264.0" valueMax="355.0" valueMin="173.0">173–355 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1A003C07E72A474C1C94FDCCFD07FC85" blockId="26.[151,1437,258,967]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">
|
||
<emphasis id="28CBE015E72A474C1C94FDCCFE80FD81" bold="true" box="[199,347,582,607]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">Description:</emphasis>
|
||
Specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DDBF4784E72A474C1E5EFDCDFDA4FD80" authorityName="Albert" authorityYear="2017" box="[525,639,583,606]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carapo">
|
||
<emphasis id="28CBE015E72A474C1E5EFDCDFDA4FD80" box="[525,639,583,606]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">G. carapo</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the southern fauna overlap substantially in morphometric and meristic PC-space with specimens from other localities (
|
||
<figureCitation id="82842082E72A474C1F61FDE0FC7FFD5D" box="[818,932,618,643]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,250,774,796]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,193,753]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[340,1247,193,753]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4. Landmarks used for geometric morphometric analyses. Fifteen landmarks were recorded for 88 morphologically mature specimens from seven subspecies of G. carapo Landmarks: 1) tip of snout; 2) tip of maxilla; 3) margin of maxilla; 4) external naris; 5) second pore of the supraorbital laterosensory canal; 6) point directly above midline of eye; 7) supraoccipital crest; 8) base of first anal fin ray; 9) anus; 10) seventh pore of the posterior marginal laterosensory canal; 11) anterior margin of eye; 12) posterior margin of eye; 13) top of preopercle; 14) top of opercle; 15) base of most ventral pectoral fin ray." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/887700/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">Figures 4</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="82842082E72A474C1FE6FDE0FC1EFD5D" box="[949,965,618,643]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1135,1157]" captionTargetBox="[157,1432,341,1106]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,337,1113]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Principal components analysis of linear measurements for 175 specimens from seven subspecies of G. carapo: G. c. australis (AU, n = 25), G. c. caatingaensis (CT, n = 8), G. c. carapo (CA, n = 31), G. c. madeirensis (MD, n = 13), G. c. occidentalis (OC, n = 65), G. c. orientalis (OR, n = 16) and G. c. septentrionalis (SE, n = 15). Head length, head depth, body width and body depth load heavily on PC 1, while pre- and postorbital (PR and PO, respectively) and preanal (PA) lengths load heavily on PC 2. Note the substantial overlap in PC space between subspecies." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/887702/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">5</figureCitation>
|
||
, and 12).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DDBF4784E72A474C1811FDE1FAA6FD5D" authorityName="Albert" authorityYear="2017" box="[1090,1405,619,643]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gymnotidae" genus="Gymnotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gymnotiformes" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="carapo" subSpecies="australis">
|
||
<emphasis id="28CBE015E72A474C1811FDE1FAA6FD5D" box="[1090,1405,619,643]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">Gymnotus carapo australis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is characterized by the following combination of statistically significant (p <0.01) traits when compared to the rest of the species as a whole (see Principal Components Analyses and t-tests): deep body (BD 67.0%–98.8% HL, mean 88.1% vs. 42.7%–106.6%, mean 83.6% in all other subspecies), wide head (HW 50.8%–66.8% HL, mean 61.6% vs. 49.1%–67.7%, mean 59.1% in all other subspecies), short pectoral fin length (P1 38%.8–48.0% HL, mean 43.5% vs. 29.0%–60.9%, mean 46.5% vs. in all other subspecies) and large anal-fin pterygiophore scales (APS 6– 7, mode 7 vs. 7–11, mode
|
||
<quantity id="DD4791E2E72A474C1DEDFCC9FE32FC85" box="[446,489,834,859]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" unit="in" value="9.0">9 in</quantity>
|
||
all other subspecies).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="52A56F8CE72A474C1C94FCECFD97FC7D" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="1A003C07E72A474C1C94FCECFD97FC7D" blockId="26.[151,1437,258,967]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">
|
||
<emphasis id="28CBE015E72A474C1C94FCECFEB9FCA1" bold="true" box="[199,354,870,895]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
Occurs in the southern humid Neotropics, including the greater La Plata (Paraná-Paraguay),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="62A87C97E72A474C1CC4FC01FF21FC7D" box="[151,250,907,931]" name="Uruguay" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">Uruguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and Jacuí basins (
|
||
<figureCitation id="82842082E72A474C1D9AFC00FDF0FC7D" box="[457,555,906,931]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1181,1203]" captionTargetBox="[165,1424,417,1159]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,409,1159]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Geographic distribution of Gymnotus carapo. A. Closed circles show 111 localities of specimens used in morphometric analyses, and open circles show 191 other verified G. carapo localities. B. Collection localities color coded by subspecies. Note G. carapo is absent from the interior of the Brazilian shield and the Atlantic coast of Brazil from Ceará to Rio Grande do Sul." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/887696/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="52A56F8CE72A474C1C94FC24FB1CFC19" box="[199,1223,942,967]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="1A003C07E72A474C1C94FC24FB1CFC19" blockId="26.[151,1437,258,967]" box="[199,1223,942,967]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">
|
||
<emphasis id="28CBE015E72A474C1C94FC24FE8AFC19" bold="true" box="[199,337,942,967]" pageId="26" pageNumber="427">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||
Subspecific epithet derived from the Latin “australis” meaning “of the South”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |