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<document id="D95CFE683EAE67E55573B083EA77A64B" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2024.2381275" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758107" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1726223286654" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Binoy, C., Hiremath, Sangamesh R. &amp; Prathapan, K. D." docDate="2024" docId="3A37879FFF37152EA2084456FD439DE6" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.58.29-32.1069-1087.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 58 (29 - 32)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2381275" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62.3:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi 1996" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="1078" masterDocId="C60EFFE7FF321527A3604009FFAA9D0B" masterDocTitle="The Fergusson squathopper, Messena sinuata Atkinson (Hemiptera: Eurybrachidae) and its egg parasitoids from Southern India" masterLastPageNumber="1087" masterPageNumber="1069" pageNumber="1074" updateTime="1726223708174" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3E696F743B1693D48766B36A27C81597">
<mods:title id="214DD50EB835FB26BE9F773B4BD96739">The Fergusson squathopper, Messena sinuata Atkinson (Hemiptera: Eurybrachidae) and its egg parasitoids from Southern India</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="53671D963A32B50191CA1C621EAA0403" type="personal">
<mods:role id="3600B830779B25BD051899C5F596D277">
<mods:roleTerm id="31A1D0613B2B1F5236A6572370168121">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="253D79E4F010177CB08DD6B67CB6504F">Binoy, C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E0D3E39DDE8D18207D2568366A0A0CBC">Independent researcher, Sreeragam, Chereekandy, Elathur, Kozhikode, Kerala- 673303, India;</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="BE2DD92FBE1D78D45F9BD3D8917B1624" type="personal">
<mods:role id="63987B0BFD80AAAFE064505258E3EB07">
<mods:roleTerm id="9DA17D0A045EA1C69242C3021F4ED927">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="063A6BE7BD6EB1F511D63DBA286D206D">Hiremath, Sangamesh R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E0E77225EB4206CBC6F3E9D7C17E0C56">Department of Entomology, Thiruvananthapuram, India; &amp; Department of Agricultural Entomology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="1D6F9FDA787891BEF430178A124EA7B6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F144A21E6138ABBF1D3D58384407C955">Prathapan, K. D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="84755F55DF24C694C348B8C98ADB5CE4">Department of Entomology, Thiruvananthapuram, India;</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="E45562CAC1A4ED57BA79DB14C894C24C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="4A98B3C2D59FC95879AA755CE2EA5EC1">
<mods:title id="B40552895C07D3F0FAE11DE0B00E4FF3">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="F1049A6AA0B71FFBEBF96A19F0ECFBE7">
<mods:date id="1B3568BF59646F335BA1C41F9D69DDEF">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="5750E429A4F506F382F69380536E3BCE" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="9EDCAFC766A44695244F9F726F60FB97">2024-08-14</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="9C98880B0F4B438F3831B04F2E666860" type="volume">
<mods:number id="25E20D9A17D6250B7E7AE7CE21EE5786">58</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="0CCAFAAC22FFCABC8EE803ADE359D689" type="issue">
<mods:number id="1F983FDE97B8252F718CC2C145B6C7C5">29 - 32</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="C4C99E14EAE927F673F73001411A9906">1069</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="7BF23A0A6BB6043F1F07CED3A50B6A97">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2381275</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="D0D2A11DDF84E52D11E4EE321F774180">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="185CF09B1C1B1D7790D750F63C2A360C" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2024.2381275</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E2BC9A9756C139565217F63A01A5D76F" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="12141DBE30862ED447C9B5926CF8066F" type="Zenodo-Dep">13758107</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="3A37879FFF37152EA2084456FD439DE6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A37879FFF37152EA2084456FD439DE6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3A37879FFF37152EA2084456FD439DE6" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="1078" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
<subSubSection id="FA846502FF371522A2084456FC119971" box="[360,955,1119,1146]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B2213689FF371522A2084456FC119971" blockId="5.[360,955,1119,1146]" box="[360,955,1119,1146]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
<heading id="E96981E5FF371522A2084456FC119971" bold="true" box="[360,955,1119,1146]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" reason="3">
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF371522A2084456FC119971" ID-CoL="789NQ" authority="Hayat and Kazmi, 1996" authorityName="Hayat and Kazmi" authorityYear="1996" box="[360,955,1119,1146]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Proleurocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="litoralis">
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A2084456FC119971" bold="true" box="[360,955,1119,1146]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A2084456FD289971" bold="true" box="[360,642,1119,1146]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Proleurocerus litoralis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF371522A1EA4456FC119971" author="Hayat M &amp; Kazmi SI" box="[650,955,1119,1146]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" pagination="17 - 21" refId="ref7106" refString="Hayat M, Kazmi SI. 1996. The species of Proleurocerus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) from India. Shashpa. 3: 17 - 21." type="journal article" year="1996">Hayat and Kazmi, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FA846502FF371522A3A0449CFD4699EA" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B2213689FF371522A3A0449CFC4E99A5" blockId="5.[192,996,1173,1198]" box="[192,996,1173,1198]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="928E11A7FF371522A3A0449CFC4E99A5" box="[192,996,1173,1198]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
<treatmentCitation id="333F1098FF371522A3A0449CFD5999A5" author="Hayat M &amp; Kazmi SI" box="[192,755,1173,1198]" page="19" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" year="1996">
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF371522A3A0449CFD5999A5" ID-CoL="789NQ" authority="Hayat and Kazmi 1996, p. 19" authorityName="Hayat and Kazmi" authorityPageNumber="19" authorityYear="1996" box="[192,755,1173,1198]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Proleurocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="litoralis">
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A3A0449CFE0399A5" box="[192,425,1173,1198]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Proleurocerus litoralis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF371522A2D0449CFD0699A5" author="Hayat M &amp; Kazmi SI" box="[432,684,1173,1198]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" pagination="17 - 21" refId="ref7106" refString="Hayat M, Kazmi SI. 1996. The species of Proleurocerus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) from India. Shashpa. 3: 17 - 21." type="journal article" year="1996">Hayat and Kazmi 1996</bibRefCitation>
, p. 19
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="02F63CD4FF371522A19D449CFC4E99A5" box="[765,996,1173,1198]" collectionCode="BMNH" country="India" location="Kerala" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kerala">
<collectingCountry id="CA897619FF371522A19D449CFC9D99A5" box="[765,823,1173,1198]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">India</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="705AF86BFF371522A022449CFC2D99A5" box="[834,903,1173,1198]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Kerala</collectingRegion>
[
<collectionCode id="D48FAE4CFF371522A0F3449CFC7599A5" box="[915,991,1173,1198]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">BMNH</collectionCode>
]
</materialsCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B2213689FF371522A15744CEFD4699EA" blockId="5.[567,748,1223,1249]" box="[567,748,1223,1249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
(
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF371522A15F44CEFD4E99EA" box="[575,740,1223,1249]" captionStart-0="Figure 12–23" captionStart-1="Figure 24–30" captionStartId-0="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionStartId-1="7.[160,225,1310,1332]" captionTargetBox-0="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetBox-1="[165,1150,144,1276]" captionTargetId-0="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetId-1="figure-57@7.[163,1153,142,1278]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." captionText-1="Figure 24–30. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♂ 24, habitus, lateral view; 25, head, frontal view; 26, antenna; 27, mesosoma, dorsal view; 28, wings; 29, metasoma, dorsal view; 30, genitalia." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758115" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13758115/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Figures 12–30</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FA846502FF371522A3C0452AFE1798E1" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B2213689FF371522A3C0452AFED59836" blockId="5.[160,1156,1315,1514]" box="[160,383,1315,1341]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A3C0452AFED59836" bold="true" box="[160,383,1315,1341]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B2213689FF371522A3C0454EFE1798E1" blockId="5.[160,1156,1315,1514]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
<materialsCitation id="02F63CD4FF371522A3C0454EFCB8986B" box="[160,786,1351,1376]" country="India" location="All" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" specimenCount="87" specimenCount-female="67" specimenCount-male="20" stateProvince="Kerala">
<specimenCount id="A498FD00FF371522A3C0454EFF7F9855" box="[160,213,1351,1376]" count="67" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" type="female">67 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="A498FD00FF371522A381454EFEBC9855" box="[225,278,1351,1376]" count="20" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" type="male">20 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<location id="B7416052FF371522A241454EFE94986B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A37879FFF37152EA2084456FD439DE6:B7416052FF371522A241454EFE94986B" box="[289,318,1351,1376]" country="India" name="All" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" stateProvince="Kerala">All</location>
from
<collectingCountry id="CA897619FF371522A21F454EFE13986B" box="[383,441,1351,1376]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">India</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="705AF86BFF371522A2A1454EFDA2986B" box="[449,520,1351,1376]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Kerala</collectingRegion>
, Kozhikode district by C
</materialsCitation>
. Binoy.
<materialsCitation id="02F63CD4FF371522A005454EFE1398E1" country="India" elevation="23" latitude="11.263" location="India" longLatPrecision="77" longitude="75.779" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" specimenCount="1">
Elathur (
<geoCoordinate id="D7AA504EFF371522A0A0454EFB82986B" box="[960,1064,1351,1376]" degrees="11.325" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" precision="55" value="11.325">11.325°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D7AA504EFF371522A751454EFF1A9889" degrees="75.741" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" precision="55" value="75.741">75.741° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="75669B6CFF371522A3DF4560FF549889" box="[191,254,1385,1410]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" unit="m" value="23.0">
<elevation id="39B3D1BAFF371522A3DF4560FF549889" box="[191,254,1385,1410]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" unit="m" value="23.0">23 m</elevation>
</quantity>
), Zoological Survey of
<collectingCountry id="CA897619FF371522A1734560FDE49889" box="[531,590,1385,1410]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">India</collectingCountry>
, Kozhikode Campus (
<geoCoordinate id="D7AA504EFF371522A02D4560FC1D9889" box="[845,951,1385,1410]" degrees="11.263" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" precision="55" value="11.263">11.263°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D7AA504EFF371522A0A64560FB809889" box="[966,1066,1385,1410]" degrees="75.786" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" precision="55" value="75.786">75.786°E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="75669B6CFF371522A7584560FBD29889" box="[1080,1144,1385,1410]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" unit="m" value="28.0">
<elevation id="39B3D1BAFF371522A7584560FBD29889" box="[1080,1144,1385,1410]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" unit="m" value="28.0">28 m</elevation>
</quantity>
), Malabar Christian College Campus (
<geoCoordinate id="D7AA504EFF371522A1584585FD3798AE" box="[568,669,1420,1445]" degrees="11.263" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" precision="55" value="11.263">11.263°N</geoCoordinate>
and
<geoCoordinate id="D7AA504EFF371522A1BB4585FC9498AE" box="[731,830,1420,1445]" degrees="75.779" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" precision="55" value="75.779">75.779°E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="75669B6CFF371522A0294585FC2C98AE" box="[841,902,1420,1445]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" unit="m" value="27.0">
<elevation id="39B3D1BAFF371522A0294585FC2C98AE" box="[841,902,1420,1445]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" unit="m" value="27.0">27 m</elevation>
</quantity>
), collected during the months of January, August, September and November, 2018–2021 (see ‘Material and methods’ for deposition)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FA846502FF371520A3C04615FF7698E4" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="1076" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B2213689FF371522A3C04615FEBE9B3D" blockId="5.[160,1156,1564,1728]" box="[160,276,1564,1590]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A3C04615FEBE9B3D" bold="true" box="[160,276,1564,1590]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B2213689FF371522A3C04636FB2E9BCB" blockId="5.[160,1156,1564,1728]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
Scape medially expanded, at most 2× as long as broad; scape apically, fu
<subScript id="2E1A34CCFF371522A0B24643FC769B51" attach="left" box="[978,988,1610,1626]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">4</subScript>
partly, fu
<subScript id="2E1A34CCFF371522A7274643FBFB9B51" attach="left" box="[1095,1105,1610,1626]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">5</subScript>
and fu
<subScript id="2E1A34CCFF371522A3D64665FF6A9B77" attach="left" box="[182,192,1644,1660]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">6</subScript>
completely white; first valvifer long, about 0.4× second valvifer and relatively longer than first valvula; head greenish with frontovertex conspicuously punctate, vertex rugose reticulate; forewing infuscate with basal third subhyaline, disc with two distinct streaks,
</paragraph>
<caption id="E6E16601FF341521A3C04669FD0A9BC4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1075" startId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" targetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B2213689FF341521A3C04669FD0A9BC4" blockId="6.[160,1157,1632,1743]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1075">
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF341521A3C04669FE879B7D" bold="true" box="[160,301,1632,1654]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1075">Figure 12–23.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF341521A2544669FD419B7C" authority="Hayat and Kazmi, 1996" authorityName="Hayat and Kazmi" authorityYear="1996" box="[308,747,1632,1655]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Proleurocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="1075" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="litoralis">
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF341521A2544669FDA89B7C" box="[308,514,1632,1655]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1075">Proleurocerus litoralis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF341521A1684669FD419B7C" author="Hayat M &amp; Kazmi SI" box="[520,747,1632,1655]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1075" pagination="17 - 21" refId="ref7106" refString="Hayat M, Kazmi SI. 1996. The species of Proleurocerus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) from India. Shashpa. 3: 17 - 21." type="journal article" year="1996">Hayat and Kazmi, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E6E16601FF351520A3C04517FF51987B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758115" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758115/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076" startId="7.[160,225,1310,1332]" targetBox="[165,1150,144,1276]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="B2213689FF351520A3C04517FF51987B" blockId="7.[160,1157,1310,1392]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076">
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF351520A3C04517FE9A983F" bold="true" box="[160,304,1310,1332]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076">Figure 24–30.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF351520A2594517FD51983E" authority="Hayat and Kazmi, 1996" authorityName="Hayat and Kazmi" authorityYear="1996" box="[313,763,1310,1333]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Proleurocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="litoralis">
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF351520A2594517FDA3983E" box="[313,521,1310,1333]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076">Proleurocerus litoralis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF351520A1714517FD51983E" author="Hayat M &amp; Kazmi SI" box="[529,763,1310,1333]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076" pagination="17 - 21" refId="ref7106" refString="Hayat M, Kazmi SI. 1996. The species of Proleurocerus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) from India. Shashpa. 3: 17 - 21." type="journal article" year="1996">Hayat and Kazmi, 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. ♂ 24, habitus, lateral view; 25, head, frontal view; 26, antenna; 27, mesosoma, dorsal view; 28, wings; 29, metasoma, dorsal view; 30, genitalia.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B2213689FF351520A3C045BDFF7698E4" blockId="7.[160,1156,1460,1519]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076">one adjacent to PMV-STV junction and another oblique transverse strip in medio-posterior third.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FA846502FF35152FA3C04612FCDC9BCB" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="1077" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076" type="description">
<paragraph id="B2213689FF351520A3C04612FEEA9B3E" blockId="7.[160,1132,1563,1624]" box="[160,320,1563,1589]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076">
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF351520A3C04612FEEA9B3E" bold="true" box="[160,320,1563,1589]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076">Redescription</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B2213689FF351520A3C04636FBC69B53" blockId="7.[160,1132,1563,1624]" box="[160,1132,1599,1624]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076">
Female. (
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF351520A2664636FE099B53" box="[262,419,1599,1624]" captionStart="Figure 12–23" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076">Figures 12–23</figureCitation>
) Body length
<quantity id="75669B6CFF351520A1224636FD499B53" box="[578,739,1599,1624]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5499999999999998" metricValueMax="1.71" metricValueMin="1.39" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076" unit="mm" value="1.5499999999999998" valueMax="1.71" valueMin="1.39">1.39–1.71 mm</quantity>
; length of forewing
<quantity id="75669B6CFF351520A0A84636FBC39B53" box="[968,1129,1599,1624]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" metricValueMax="1.19" metricValueMin="1.07" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076" unit="mm" value="1.13" valueMax="1.19" valueMin="1.07">1.07–1.19 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B2213689FF35152FA3C0468DFE889C91" blockId="7.[160,1155,1668,1728]" lastBlockId="8.[160,1157,142,410]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="1077" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076">
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF351520A3C0468DFF5F9B95" bold="true" box="[160,245,1668,1694]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076">Colour.</emphasis>
Body: metallic greenish blue with the following varying shades of green and blue on surface: frontovertex, lower face and clypeus with bright metallic green with slight golden lustre, vertex, pronotum and mesoscutum metallic bluish green, scutellum with deep bluish lustre; metanotum and propodeum brown, pleura brown with slight greenish lustre, metasoma deep brown with slight bronzy lustre. Antenna: brown except tip of scape, fu4 apically, fu5 and fu6 entirely white (
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3A152FA0AD40FFFBDC9C04" box="[973,1142,246,271]" captionStart="Figure 12–23" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Figures 13, 14</figureCitation>
). Legs: All coxae deep brown with slight metallic lustre, all trochanters, femora and tibiae brown with mesotibia apically paler; all tarsi testaceous. Wings: forewing infumate in posterior two-thirds, anteriorly subhyaline, veins testaceous, hindwing hyaline (
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3A152FA3C84188FEBF9C91" box="[168,277,385,410]" captionStart="Figure 12–23" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Figure 21</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3A152FA3C041C2FE069F99" blockId="8.[160,1156,459,658]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3A152FA3C041C2FEA39CEE" bold="true" box="[160,265,459,485]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Setation.</emphasis>
Eyes minutely setose, white; frontovertex with thick white bristle-like setae arising from puncture, remainder on vertex with scattered longer thin setae; mesosoma with moderately dense, linearly arranged brown setae, laterally tending to be white; propodeal setae near spiracles white; metasomal terga with moderately dense brown adpressed setae, lateral margins with long white setae; legs with moderately dense adpressed brown setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3A152FA3C042CDFEB49EF8" blockId="8.[160,1156,708,1011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3A152FA3C042CDFF4F9FD5" bold="true" box="[160,229,708,734]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Head.</emphasis>
In frontal view 1.17× as wide as long, eyes large, oval reaching posterior margin of head; frontovertex distinctly punctate, interstices raised, finely reticulate (
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3A152FA76742EEFBDC9E0B" box="[1031,1142,743,768]" captionStart="Figure 12–23" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Figure 15</figureCitation>
); mandible tridentate; gena with conspicuous longitudinal reticulation; antenna inserted at lower margin of face, on either side of clypeus (
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3A152FA1AD4324FC9C9E4D" box="[717,822,813,838]" captionStart="Figure 12–23" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Figure 16</figureCitation>
); in dorsal view 1.87× as wide as long, rugose reticulate; anterior ocellus forming slightly obtuse angle (97°) with apex of lateral ocelli; OOL 1.3× AOL (
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3A152FA161437BFDD89E80" box="[513,626,882,907]" captionStart="Figure 12–23" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Figure 17</figureCitation>
); scape medially expanded, 1.7× as long as maximum width, surface transversely reticulate; clava 2.1× as long as maximum width; relative length of scape, pedicel, funiculars and clava = 12.6:2.6:0.9:1.2:1.4:1.5:1.5:8.4 (
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3A152FA3C843D3FEBB9EF8" box="[168,273,986,1011]" captionStart="Figure 12–23" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Figure 13</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3A152FA3C0442DFCA79805" blockId="8.[160,1156,1060,1294]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3A152FA3C0442DFE8C9935" bold="true" box="[160,294,1060,1086]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Mesosoma.</emphasis>
Pronotum 8.8× as long as wide, posterior margin distinctly convex onto mesoscutum, distinctly reticulate with two rows of setigerous pits; mesoscutum 1.6× as wide as long, distinctly reticulate with 6–7 rows of linear setigerous pits; scutellum as long as mesoscutum with less dense setigerous pits, surface conspicuously rugose reticulate; scutellum apically blunt (
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3A152FA2AC44B9FD9699C2" box="[460,572,1200,1225]" captionStart="Figure 12–23" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Figure 18</figureCitation>
); meso- and metapleura conspicuously reticulate (
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3A152FA3C844DAFEBA99E7" box="[168,272,1235,1260]" captionStart="Figure 12–23" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Figure 19</figureCitation>
); metanotum finely reticulate; propodeum coarsely reticulate; propodeal spiracles large, round, peritreme exposed as rim (
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3A152FA1F644FCFD559805" box="[662,767,1269,1294]" captionStart="Figure 12–23" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Figure 20</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3A152FA3C04549FC5D9894" blockId="8.[160,1155,1344,1439]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3A152FA3C04549FE8E9851" bold="true" box="[160,292,1344,1370]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Metasoma.</emphasis>
Longer than mesosoma in profile (1.2×); all terga and sterna with distinct linear reticulations; all terga beyond Gt3 with deeply emarginate margin; ovipositor 2.8× metatibia, protruding well beyond apex of last tergum (
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3A152FA02E458FFC409894" box="[846,1002,1414,1439]" captionStart="Figure 12–23" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Figures 22, 23</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3A152FA3C045D9FE0E98E1" blockId="8.[160,1156,1488,1584]" box="[160,420,1488,1514]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3A152FA3C045D9FE0E98E1" bold="true" box="[160,420,1488,1514]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3A152FA3C045D9FF4B98E1" bold="true" box="[160,225,1488,1514]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Male.</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3A152FA39145D9FE3698E1" box="[241,412,1488,1514]" captionStart="Figure 24–30" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1310,1332]" captionTargetBox="[165,1150,144,1276]" captionTargetId="figure-57@7.[163,1153,142,1278]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 24–30. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♂ 24, habitus, lateral view; 25, head, frontal view; 26, antenna; 27, mesosoma, dorsal view; 28, wings; 29, metasoma, dorsal view; 30, genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758115/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Figures 24–30</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3A152FA3C045FDFDE29B3B" blockId="8.[160,1156,1488,1584]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">
Body length
<quantity id="75669B6CFF3A152FA25045FDFE7B9B06" box="[304,465,1524,1549]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" metricValueMax="1.29" metricValueMin="1.19" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077" unit="mm" value="1.24" valueMax="1.29" valueMin="1.19">1.19–1.29 mm</quantity>
; length of forewing
<quantity id="75669B6CFF3A152FA1D545FDFCFF9B06" box="[693,853,1524,1549]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14" metricValueMax="1.16" metricValueMin="1.12" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077" unit="mm" value="1.14" valueMax="1.16" valueMin="1.12">1.12–1.16 mm</quantity>
. Diagnosis and description of males as recorded by
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF3A152FA2D5461EFDEE9B3B" author="Singh S" box="[437,580,1559,1584]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077" pagination="257 - 261" refId="ref7596" refString="Singh S. 2010. Host record, description of male and first record of Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae) from Doon valley, Uttarakhand, India. Indian Fores. 136 (2): 257 - 261." type="journal article" year="2010">Singh (2010)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3A152FA3C04668FE839B70" blockId="8.[160,1156,1633,1728]" box="[160,297,1633,1659]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3A152FA3C04668FE839B70" bold="true" box="[160,297,1633,1659]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Other hosts</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3A152FA3C0468CFCDC9BCB" blockId="8.[160,1156,1633,1728]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">
Egg parasitoids of
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF3A152FA21B468CFC3F9B95" authority="(Fabricius) (Singh 2010)" authorityName="Singh" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[379,917,1669,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Eurybrachidae" genus="Eurybrachys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tomentosa">
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3A152FA21B468CFDD69B95" box="[379,636,1669,1694]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Eurybrachys tomentosa</emphasis>
(Fabricius) (
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF3A152FA069468CFC269B95" author="Singh S" box="[777,908,1669,1694]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077" pagination="257 - 261" refId="ref7596" refString="Singh S. 2010. Host record, description of male and first record of Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae) from Doon valley, Uttarakhand, India. Indian Fores. 136 (2): 257 - 261." type="journal article" year="2010">Singh 2010</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF3A152FA0C4468CFEE99BCB" authority="(Walker)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1851" class="Insecta" family="Eurybrachidae" genus="Platybrachys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucostigma">
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3A152FA0C4468CFF4A9BCB" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Platybrachys leucostigma</emphasis>
(Walker)
</taxonomicName>
(both
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF3A152FA2EF46AEFDA29BCB" box="[399,520,1703,1728]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF3A152FA17246AEFD1E9BCB" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1862" box="[530,692,1703,1728]" class="Insecta" family="Eurybrachidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eurybrachidae</taxonomicName>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF3A152FA1A646AEFCC39BCB" author="Shylesha AN" box="[710,873,1703,1728]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077" pagination="334 - 335" refId="ref7545" refString="Shylesha AN. 2013. Allobaccha amphithoe (Walker) (Diptera, Syrphidae) a potential egg predator of white-marked gum (Eucalyptus) hopper, Platybrachys leucostigma (Walker) (Hemiptera: Eurybrachyidae). J Biol Cont. 27 (4): 334 - 335." type="journal article" year="2013">Shylesha 2013</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FA846502FF3B152EA3C04087FD439DE6" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3B152EA3C04087FE869DA3" blockId="9.[160,1156,142,237]" box="[160,300,142,168]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3B152EA3C04087FE869DA3" bold="true" box="[160,300,142,168]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3B152EA3C040BBFD439DE6" blockId="9.[160,1156,142,237]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">
<collectingCountry id="CA897619FF3B152EA3C040BBFF709DC0" box="[160,218,178,203]" name="India" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">India</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="705AF86BFF3B152EA38740BBFE0A9DC0" box="[231,416,178,203]" country="India" name="Andhra Pradesh" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">Andhra Pradesh</collectingRegion>
;
<collectingRegion id="705AF86BFF3B152EA2CE40BBFD8A9DC0" box="[430,544,178,203]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
;
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Hayat
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).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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