Add updates up until 2024-09-13 10:43:15
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<document id="EE95721B3D195D2652EA503D0EC94A2D" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2024.2377336" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758076" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1726223167086" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kobayashi, Itaru, Sonoyama, Takayuki, Hibino, Mai, Kawano, Mitsuhisa & Kohtsuka, Hisanori" docDate="2024" docId="03A3730A8524FFBAFE62CEFDFB6F3F69" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.58.25-28.949-964.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 58 (25 - 28)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2377336" docStyle="DocumentStyle:485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73.9:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="485A7191CD41D6261F41521A3380DC73" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Paragonaster hoeimaruae Kobayashi, Sonoyama, Hibino, Kawano & Kohtsuka, 2024, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="962" masterDocId="FF9A0B72852EFFB4FFADCD42FFEC3C34" masterDocTitle="Pseudarchasteridae (Asteroidea: Paxillosida) in Japanese waters, with description of a new species and range extension of three species" masterLastPageNumber="964" masterPageNumber="949" pageNumber="958" updateTime="1726223585582" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="CCC00C994D6B4B75D228679993A7C16C">
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<mods:title id="C9716B680462092E9FCD9097A884DF57">Pseudarchasteridae (Asteroidea: Paxillosida) in Japanese waters, with description of a new species and range extension of three species</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="3BA6FDE7E40E93592FFDC6CADCCA88BD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1D6264CAF5C622EAC2DFE4297780728D">Kobayashi, Itaru</mods:namePart>
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||||
<mods:affiliation id="97B28C87D6A94FB910BBF0238D194DE5">Misaki Marine Biological Station, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Kanagawa, Japan;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="C035EE0307C7A2405D9B3221EDBB7AC9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="7C90CF2E77EE4DE911E722C69F05A345">Sonoyama, Takayuki</mods:namePart>
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||||
<mods:affiliation id="A02CD1E88995798E7F835384F07882FF">Enoshima Aquarium, Kanagawa, Japan;</mods:affiliation>
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||||
</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="272B64E4942ADE8AE05D1D88054A40FB" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="3D18CB9D2C630158F3FECEB1C1BA5738">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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||||
<mods:namePart id="80CFAB40EE23AC117DC949F5D0A38CEB">Hibino, Mai</mods:namePart>
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||||
<mods:affiliation id="2E5D15F6F5F12F7A424F4E6CC9EF8A7A">Marine Science Museum, Fukushima Prefecture, Aquamarine Fukushima, Fukushima, Japan;</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="DD15BE37EF8F85AD5A8150B36CF50BDF">Kawano, Mitsuhisa</mods:namePart>
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||||
<mods:affiliation id="2A4A86DF480609191C78D9AD2E234386">Japan Sea Division, Yamaguchi Prefectural Fisheries Research Centre, Yamaguchi, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="85CACA8390AB6730EE346C4D6F93A1DB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="260455CA3B0EB82B3325C408C9CDD196">Kohtsuka, Hisanori</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="62EB603FFCE5DB58A2909032AC6C56BD">Misaki Marine Biological Station, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Kanagawa, Japan;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="DE2892C00D8610E93CB4ED4E1D70C2DA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="0662AA4BC5DFB1358DD9B688E37BF174">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B1AE38D1D890E0119F23D295ACFA869A">
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<mods:date id="1F66B8B0EE89A3AAEA8904BA9B819940">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FF8BF773A682D4154C18E938BA4E8B7D">2024-08-02</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="44C46DD71BAD5728031EB7FF85CFD8D4" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="C9681D084CB132AFDDBD6F01DFA95BF7">58</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="E336396307F825158000E58E72307F4A" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="EB642DE3D077DCCD17D10D1AA253BB94">25 - 28</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="FDCF7E7A0075DFE6AF0BFFE605AD88E2">949</mods:start>
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<mods:location id="A65B720750C211050A53E780EA12573D">
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<mods:url id="AEB7F25661E4E21138AF800DB1A0DC9F">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2377336</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="7DDCAF0DDD94D9990C20F41A8CEA5DA8">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="FFA1A16C104CA135E013A957E314570C" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2024.2377336</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3568C2A3AF641AA53C7629646D6EFE42" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DF545D1F9CA2A95CE7FEFFF90A2098F1" type="Zenodo-Dep">13758076</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03A3730A8524FFBAFE62CEFDFB6F3F69" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A3730A8524FFBAFE62CEFDFB6F3F69" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A3730A8524FFBAFE62CEFDFB6F3F69" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="962" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">
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<subSubSection id="C31091978524FFBEFE62CEFDFC57383A" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8524FFBEFE62CEFDFCB93FEE" blockId="10.[463,853,959,986]" box="[463,853,959,986]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">
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<heading id="D0FD75708524FFBEFE62CEFDFCB93FEE" box="[463,853,959,986]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" reason="5">
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||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8524FFBEFE62CEFDFCE93FEE" authorityName="Kobayashi & Sonoyama & Hibino & Kawano & Kohtsuka" authorityYear="2024" box="[463,773,959,986]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="hoeimaruae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8524FFBEFE62CEFDFCE93FEE" box="[463,773,959,986]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Paragonaster hoeimaruae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8524FFBEFCA3CEFDFCB93FEE" bold="true" box="[782,853,959,986]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">
|
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24DA3758524FFBEFCA3CEFDFCB93FEE" box="[782,853,959,986]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
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</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8524FFBEFE25CEB7FC57383A" blockId="10.[392,955,1013,1038]" box="[392,955,1013,1038]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">[New Japanese name: Hoei-miyabi-momiji-hitode]</paragraph>
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||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31091978524FFBEFDFAC961FEAA38A1" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8524FFBEFDFAC961FD20380A" blockId="10.[599,716,1059,1086]" box="[599,716,1059,1086]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">
|
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(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998524FFBEFDF2C961FD28380A" box="[607,708,1059,1086]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-56@11.[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Paragonaster hoeimaruae sp. n., holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8524FFBEFF6DC91BFB6F3846" blockId="10.[161,1155,1113,1173]" box="[192,1155,1113,1138]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:75CBAFBA-369A-4E28-A5A9-</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8524FFBEFF0CC93EFEAA38A1" blockId="10.[161,1155,1113,1173]" box="[161,326,1148,1173]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">F4F3A541516F</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31091978524FFBEFF0DC982FC143951" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8524FFBEFF0DC982FC143951" blockId="10.[160,1157,1216,1381]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">
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<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8524FFBEFF0DC982FE6838EE" bold="true" box="[160,388,1216,1242]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B62C8418524FFBEFE39C983FD563914" collectingDate="2023-12-18" collectionCode="R" country="Japan" county="Hoei-maru" elevation="350" latitude="34.6934" location="Itou" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="139.0663" municipality="Sagami Sea" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B17CBE8524FFBEFE39C983FE1138EE" box="[404,509,1217,1242]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
: OMNH-Iv 10664,
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||||
<date id="FFB4E4DC8524FFBEFD6EC983FC7438EE" box="[707,920,1217,1242]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" value="2023-12-18">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF01D348524FFBEFD6EC983FC7438EE" box="[707,920,1217,1242]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" value="2023-12-18">18 December 2023</collectingDate>
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||||
</date>
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||||
, off
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<location id="8ED594C78524FFBEFC6BC983FC1938EE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A3730A8524FFBAFE62CEFDFB6F3F69:8ED594C78524FFBEFC6BC983FC1938EE" box="[966,1013,1217,1242]" country="Japan" county="Hoei-maru" latitude="34.6934" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="139.0663" municipality="Sagami Sea" name="Itou" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Itou</location>
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||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD158668524FFBEFC53C983FB6C38EE" box="[1022,1152,1217,1242]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Sagami Sea</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C8524FFBEFF0DC9A6FF0838C9" box="[160,228,1252,1277]" name="Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Japan</collectingCountry>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE3EA4DB8524FFBEFF5DC9A6FE8838C9" box="[240,356,1252,1277]" degrees="34.6934" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" precision="5" value="34.6934">34.6934°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
|
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<geoCoordinate id="EE3EA4DB8524FFBEFEDDC9A6FE0238C9" box="[368,494,1252,1277]" degrees="139.0663" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" precision="5" value="139.0663">139.0663°E</geoCoordinate>
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||||
,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF26FF98524FFBEFE54C9A6FDAD38C9" box="[505,577,1252,1277]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" unit="m" value="350.0">
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<elevation id="0027252F8524FFBEFE54C9A6FDAD38C9" box="[505,577,1252,1277]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" unit="m" value="350.0">350 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
in depth, collected by the fishing boat
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8524FFBEFBA6C9A6FB9238C9" box="[1035,1150,1252,1277]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">
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<collectingCounty id="62D4BA908524FFBEFBA6C9A6FB9238C9" box="[1035,1150,1252,1277]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Hoei-maru</collectingCounty>
|
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</emphasis>
|
||||
, fixed in 99% ethanol,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1B5AD98524FFBEFE39C845FE4E3914" box="[404,418,1287,1312]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">R</collectionCode>
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=
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF26FF98524FFBEFE6DC845FDC93914" box="[448,549,1287,1312]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.45" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" unit="mm" value="54.5">54.5 mm</quantity>
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, r =
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<quantity id="4CF26FF98524FFBEFDFBC845FD563914" box="[598,698,1287,1312]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.19" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" unit="mm" value="21.9">21.9 mm</quantity>
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</materialsCitation>
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.
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B17CBE8524FFBEFD68C845FCC63914" box="[709,810,1287,1312]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||||
: OMNH-Iv 10663,
|
||||
<date id="FFB4E4DC8524FFBEFC5FC845FB6C3914" box="[1010,1152,1287,1312]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" value="2021-07-19">19 July 2021</date>
|
||||
, north of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CE0CFE8524FFBEFEA7C86BFDEB3976" box="[266,519,1321,1346]" country="Japan" name="Yamaguchi" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Yamaguchi Prefecture</collectingRegion>
|
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, Sea of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C8524FFBEFDCAC86BFD473976" box="[615,683,1321,1346]" name="Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE3EA4DB8524FFBEFD14C86BFCC13976" box="[697,813,1321,1346]" degrees="35.4983" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" precision="5" value="35.4983">35.4983°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
|
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<geoCoordinate id="EE3EA4DB8524FFBEFC96C86BFC553976" box="[827,953,1321,1346]" degrees="131.5700" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" precision="5" value="131.57">131.5700°E</geoCoordinate>
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,
|
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<quantity id="4CF26FF98524FFBEFC6BC86BFBFC3976" box="[966,1040,1321,1346]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" unit="m" value="150.0">150 m</quantity>
|
||||
in depth, collected by the
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1B5AD98524FFBEFEF0C80EFE803951" box="[349,364,1356,1381]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">R</collectionCode>
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||||
/
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1B5AD98524FFBEFEDEC80EFE6F3951" box="[371,387,1356,1381]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8524FFBEFE26C80EFE253951" box="[395,457,1356,1381]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Kaisei</emphasis>
|
||||
, fixed in 99% ethanol,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1B5AD98524FFBEFD66C80EFD353951" box="[715,729,1356,1381]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">R</collectionCode>
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||||
=
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF26FF98524FFBEFD55C80EFCB13951" box="[760,861,1356,1381]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.74" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" unit="mm" value="67.4">67.4 mm</quantity>
|
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, r =
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF26FF98524FFBEFC22C80EFC183951" box="[911,1012,1356,1381]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.83" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" unit="mm" value="28.3">28.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31091978524FFBEFF0DC8D3FBBB3A27" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" type="diagnosis">
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<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8524FFBEFF0DC8D3FEF6399F" bold="true" box="[160,282,1425,1451]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||||
R/r 2.4–2.5; most rectangular carinal plates wider than length; lateral abactinal series extends to less than one-half of R; superomarginal plates widest in 4th–7th plates; inferomarginal plates bear granules and 1–5 leaf-shaped spines; actinal plates bear granules, spines and pedicellariae; each adambulacral plate bears 5–7 furrow spines.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31091978524FFB8FF0DCB7CFE4B3A98" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="960" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8524FFB8FF0DCB7CFD513DEB" blockId="10.[160,1156,1598,1728]" lastBlockId="12.[160,1156,142,1346]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="960" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8524FFBEFF0DCB7CFE293A6C" bold="true" box="[160,453,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">
|
||||
Description of
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B17CBE8524FFBEFEFBCB7CFE2C3A6C" box="[342,448,1598,1624]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Body stellate, flat (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998524FFBEFD1FCB7DFCCF3A6C" box="[690,803,1599,1624]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-56@11.[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Paragonaster hoeimaruae sp. n., holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Figure 4A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Arms five, broad proximally, gradually tapering to arm tips. R/r 2.5. Abactinal surface densely covered with numerous abactinal paxillae, comprising abactinal plates, granules and spines. Abactinal plates in
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D0C09958524FFBEFF0DCBE5FEFF3AF4" box="[160,275,1703,1728]" count="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" type="generic">two types</specimenCount>
|
||||
: larger carinal and smaller lateral. Lateral abactinal plates mostly hexalobate, with tabulate paxillar columns, arranged in 7–8 regular longitudinal series on each side of arm (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998525FFBFFF77CB13FE8C3A5E" box="[218,352,1617,1642]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-56@11.[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Paragonaster hoeimaruae sp. n., holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="959">Figure 4A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Paxillar columns narrower than spaces between neighbouring paxillar columns. Adradial-most lateral abactinal series longest, extending to proximal 44% of R. Carinal abactinal plates on proximal 40% of R, hexagonal with tabulate paxillar columns and those on distal 60%, rectangular with prismatic paxillar columns. Carinal abactinal plates arranged in one regular longitudinal series extending to arm tip, wedged between two superomarginal series in distal 56% of R. Hexagonal carinal abactinal plates as narrow as or narrower than length and gradually increase in width towards first rectangular plates. Most rectangular carinal abactinal plates wider than length and gradually decrease in width distally. Lateral and carinal abactinal plates bear mushroom-shaped granules and conical spines on centre and margin of paxillar columns, respectively (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998522FFB8FC1DCC1CFBF63D43" box="[944,1050,350,375]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-56@11.[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Paragonaster hoeimaruae sp. n., holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">Figure 4C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Papular areas mostly contain one papula, every six surrounding one lateral abactinal plate. Madreporite single, round, convex, with radiated tortuous grooves, located at interradial disc (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998522FFB8FF76CC84FEAB3DEB" box="[219,327,454,479]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-56@11.[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Paragonaster hoeimaruae sp. n., holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">Figure 4A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Anus at disc centre (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998522FFB8FDEFCC84FD5C3DEB" box="[578,688,454,479]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-56@11.[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Paragonaster hoeimaruae sp. n., holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">Figure 4D</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7592948525FFBFFF0DC86AFD143A38" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="959" startId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" targetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8525FFBFFF0DC86AFD143A38" blockId="11.[160,1157,1320,1548]" pageId="11" pageNumber="959">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8525FFBFFF0DC86AFF17390B" bold="true" box="[160,251,1320,1343]" pageId="11" pageNumber="959">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8525FFBFFEAEC86AFE10390B" authorityName="Kobayashi & Sonoyama & Hibino & Kawano & Kohtsuka" authorityYear="2024" box="[259,508,1320,1343]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="11" pageNumber="959" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="hoeimaruae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8525FFBFFEAEC86AFE10390B" box="[259,508,1320,1343]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="959">Paragonaster hoeimaruae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8525FFBFFDA9C86AFDD2390B" bold="true" box="[516,574,1320,1343]" pageId="11" pageNumber="959">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24DA3758525FFBFFDA9C86AFDD2390B" box="[516,574,1320,1343]" pageId="11" pageNumber="959" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
, holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8522FFB8FF6DCCABFB9B3F23" blockId="12.[160,1156,142,1346]" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">
|
||||
Supero- and inferomarginal plates wide rectangular with oblong to oval ridges and arranged in longitudinal series along body margin (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998522FFB8FD58CF4EFC563E11" box="[757,954,524,549]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-56@11.[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Paragonaster hoeimaruae sp. n., holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">Figure 4A, B, E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Superomarginal series gradually increase in width up to 4th–7th plates, and beyond these plates gradually decrease in width distally (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998522FFB8FE7DCF13FDD13E5E" box="[464,573,593,618]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-56@11.[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Paragonaster hoeimaruae sp. n., holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">Figure 4A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Inferomarginal plates gradually decrease in width distally. Supero- and inferomarginal series comprise 46 and 48 plates per interradius, without odd plates, respectively. Fascicular grooves narrow, shorter than ridges of neighbouring supero- and inferomarginal plates (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998522FFB8FD0CCFFBFCC13EE6" box="[673,813,697,722]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-56@11.[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Paragonaster hoeimaruae sp. n., holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">Figure 4B, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Supero- and inferomarginal plates covered with mushroom-shaped to clavate granules and proximal inferomarginal plates bear 1–5 leaf-shaped spines arranged in one or two transverse series (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998522FFB8FBACCFBCFB863F23" box="[1025,1130,766,791]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-56@11.[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Paragonaster hoeimaruae sp. n., holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">Figure 4F</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8522FFB8FF6DCE63FE253818" blockId="12.[160,1156,142,1346]" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">
|
||||
Actinal plates oval, triangular, rhomboid, convex (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998522FFB8FCB4CE63FC653F0E" box="[793,905,801,826]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-56@11.[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Paragonaster hoeimaruae sp. n., holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">Figure 4E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Most actinal plates arranged irregularly, but rhomboid actinal plates arranged in one regular longitudinal series along adambulacral series. Actinal series comprises 11 plates, extending to 43% of R. Each actinal plate bears mushroom-shaped to clavate granules and several plates bear one major leaf-shaped spine (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998522FFB8FE40CEE9FDB93FF0" box="[493,597,939,964]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-56@11.[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Paragonaster hoeimaruae sp. n., holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">Figure 4F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Most plates in actinal series also bear transverse series of 4–9 leaf-shaped spines on their margins, forming fasciculate pedicellariae facing with series of spines on adjacent actinal plates (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998522FFB8FD02CEB3FCDF383E" box="[687,819,1009,1034]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-56@11.[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Paragonaster hoeimaruae sp. n., holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">Figure 4F, G</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Fasciculate pedicellariae
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF26FF98522FFB8FBF7CEB3FF593818" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.905" metricValueMax="2.286" metricValueMin="1.524" pageId="12" pageNumber="960" unit="in" value="7.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="6.0">6–9 in</quantity>
|
||||
each actinal interradius.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8522FFB8FF6DC974FCD73883" blockId="12.[160,1156,142,1346]" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">
|
||||
Adambulacral plates rhomboid and arranged in one longitudinal series along ambulacral furrow. Adambulacral series comprises 37 plates, extending to arm tips. Each adambulacral plate bears 5–7 furrow spines arranged in longitudinal curved series and 9–17 subambulacral spines arranged irregularly (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998522FFB8FD68C9DCFCC23883" box="[709,814,1182,1207]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-56@11.[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Paragonaster hoeimaruae sp. n., holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">Figure 4F</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8522FFB8FF6DC983FB9438C8" blockId="12.[160,1156,142,1346]" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">
|
||||
Each pair of jaw-forming oral plates bears one unpaired oral spine on its proximal edge (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998522FFB8FF05C9A1FEF938C8" box="[168,277,1251,1276]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-56@11.[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Paragonaster hoeimaruae sp. n., holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">Figure 4H</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Each oral plate bears 20–21 oral spines arranged in two longitudinal series.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8522FFB8FF6DC844FD563976" blockId="12.[160,1156,142,1346]" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">
|
||||
Tube feet biserial with suckered discs (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998522FFB8FD38C844FCCA392B" box="[661,806,1286,1311]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-56@11.[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Paragonaster hoeimaruae sp. n., holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">Figure 4A, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
).Body colour uniform red on abactinal side, beige on actinal side (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998522FFB8FDEDC86BFD413976" box="[576,685,1321,1346]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-56@11.[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Paragonaster hoeimaruae sp. n., holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">Figure 4A</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8522FFB8FF0DC83FFE4B3A98" blockId="12.[160,1156,1405,1708]" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8522FFB8FF0DC83FFEAE39A3" bold="true" box="[160,322,1405,1431]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">Variations in</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B62C8418522FFB8FEFDC83FFF5D398E" collectionCode="R" pageId="12" pageNumber="960" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8522FFB8FEFDC83FFE2939A3" bold="true" box="[336,453,1405,1431]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B17CBE8522FFB8FEFDC83FFE5339A3" box="[336,447,1405,1431]" pageId="12" pageNumber="960" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Adradial-most lateral abactinal series extends to 46% of
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1B5AD98522FFB8FF0DC8E3FF5D398E" box="[160,177,1441,1466]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="12" pageNumber="960">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
. Carinal abactinal series wedged between two superomarginal series in distal 54% of R. Superomarginal series comprises 24 plates, gradually increasing width up to 5–6th plates and beyond these plates, gradually decreasing width distally. Inferomarginal series comprises 25 plates. Proximal inferomarginal plates bear 1–3 leaf-shaped spines. Actinal series along adambulacral series comprise 13 plates, extending to 35% of R. Each actinal plate lacks leaf-shaped major spines. Fasciculate pedicellariae only on proximal actinal plates,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF26FF98522FFB8FF42CB33FEDF3ABE" box="[239,307,1649,1674]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" metricValueMax="2.286" metricValueMin="1.27" pageId="12" pageNumber="960" unit="in" value="7.0" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="5.0">5–9 in</quantity>
|
||||
each actinal interradius. Each oral plate bears 23–24 oral spines arranged in two longitudinal series.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31091978523FFB9FF0DCDCCFD8C3CD9" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8523FFB9FF0DCDCCFD8C3CD9" blockId="13.[160,1156,142,237]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FF0DCDCCFEDF3C9C" bold="true" box="[160,307,142,168]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8523FFB9FEEECDCDFD8C3C9C" authorityName="Kobayashi & Sonoyama & Hibino & Kawano & Kohtsuka" authorityYear="2024" box="[323,608,143,168]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="hoeimaruae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FEEECDCDFD8C3C9C" box="[323,608,143,168]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">Paragonaster hoeimaruae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FDC1CDCDFD433C9C" bold="true" box="[620,687,143,168]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24DA3758523FFB9FDC1CDCDFD433C9C" box="[620,687,143,168]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
is only recorded from Japanese waters: south-east of Izu Peninsula, Sagami Sea; north-west of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CE0CFE8523FFB9FC81CDF0FBC73CFF" box="[812,1067,178,203]" country="Japan" name="Yamaguchi" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">Yamaguchi Prefecture</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, Sea of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C8523FFB9FF0DCD96FF083CD9" box="[160,228,212,237]" name="Japan" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. Bathymetric range is
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF26FF98523FFB9FE70CD96FDB03CD9" box="[477,604,212,237]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" unit="m" value="250.0" valueMax="350.0" valueMin="150.0">
|
||||
150–
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D0C09958523FFB9FDBFCD96FDB03CD9" box="[530,604,212,237]" count="350" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" type="generic">350 m</specimenCount>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31091978523FFB9FF0DCC6BFBF33DBC" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8523FFB9FF0DCC6BFBF33DBC" blockId="13.[160,1156,297,392]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FF0DCC6BFECF3D77" bold="true" box="[160,291,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||||
The specific epithet
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8523FFB9FDB5CC68FD733D77" authorityName="Kobayashi & Sonoyama & Hibino & Kawano & Kohtsuka" authorityYear="2024" box="[536,671,298,323]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="hoeimaruae">
|
||||
‘
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FDB0CC68FD733D77" box="[541,671,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">hoeimaruae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
’ and the Japanese name ‘hoei’ are derived from the fishing vessel
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FE01CC0EFDF33D51" box="[428,543,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">Hoei-maru</emphasis>
|
||||
which collected the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B17CBE8523FFB9FCBDCC0EFC983D51" box="[784,884,332,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimen, and ‘miyabimomiji-hitode’ follows the Japanese name of the genus proposed in this study.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31091978523FFB9FF0DCC81FDE338F7" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8523FFB9FF0DCC81FE0E383C" blockId="13.[160,1156,451,1032]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FF0DCC81FEE03DE9" bold="true" box="[160,268,451,477]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||||
Of the eight living and three fossil species of the genus,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8523FFB9FC26CC86FBCA3DE9" authorityName="Kobayashi & Sonoyama & Hibino & Kawano & Kohtsuka" authorityYear="2024" box="[907,1062,452,477]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="hoeimaruae" status="sp. n.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FC26CC86FBCA3DE9" box="[907,1062,452,477]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">P. hoeimaruae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FB80CC86FB803DE9" bold="true" box="[1069,1132,452,477]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24DA3758523FFB9FB80CC86FB803DE9" box="[1069,1132,452,477]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
is most closely related to two north-west Pacific species (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8523FFB9FCECCCA5FBA03E34" authority="Liao, 1983" authorityName="Liao" authorityYear="1983" box="[833,1100,487,512]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="chinensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FCECCCA5FC2A3E34" box="[833,966,487,512]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">P. chinensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FC7FCCA5FBA03E34" author="Liao Y" box="[978,1100,487,512]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="367 - 679" refId="ref7031" refString="Liao Y. 1983. A new species of goniasterid sea-star from the Huanghai Sea, China. Chin J Oceanol Limnol. 1: 367 - 679. doi: 10.1007 / BF 02849616." type="journal article" year="1983">Liao, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8523FFB9FF0DCF48FEFE3E17" baseAuthorityName="Hayashi" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[160,274,522,547]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="obtusus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FF0DCF48FEFE3E17" box="[160,274,522,547]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">P. obtusus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and one Atlantic species (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8523FFB9FDF5CF48FC6D3E17" authority="H. L. Clark 1941" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1941" box="[600,897,522,547]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="grandis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FDF5CF48FD2B3E17" box="[600,711,522,547]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">P. grandis</emphasis>
|
||||
H.L. Clark 1941
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) by sharing the short arms with an R/r <3 (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FE0ACF6EFDD83E71" author="Alcock A" box="[423,564,556,581]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="73 - 121" refId="ref6329" refString="Alcock A. 1893. Natural history notes from the HM Indian marine survey Steamer ' Investigator'. 7. An account of the collection of deep-sea Asteroidea. Ann Mag Nat Hist. 11: 73 - 121. doi: 10.1080 / 00222939308677478." type="journal article" year="1893">Alcock 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FDE9CF6EFD243E71" author="Fisher WK" box="[580,712,556,581]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="1 - 547" refId="ref6703" refString="Fisher WK. 1919. Starfishes of the Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Bull US National Mus. 3: 1 - 547." type="journal article" year="1919">Fisher 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FD75CF6EFC9E3E71" author="Halpern JA" box="[728,882,556,581]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="359 - 384" refId="ref6785" refString="Halpern JA. 1972. Pseudarchasterinae (Echinodermata. Asteroidea) of the Atlantic. Proc Biol Soc Washington. 85: 359 - 384." type="journal article" year="1972">Halpern 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FC2FCF6EFBC43E71" author="Hayashi R" box="[898,1064,556,581]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref6811" refString="Hayashi R. 1973 a. Seven new species of asteroids from Sagami, Bay. Journal of the College of Liberal Arts, Toyama University, Natural Science. 5: 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1973">Hayashi 1973a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FB95CF6EFB923E71" author="Hayashi R" box="[1080,1150,556,581]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" refId="ref6847" refString="Hayashi R. 1973 b. The sea-stars of Sagami Bay. Tokyo: Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household." type="book" year="1973">1973b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FF0DCF0DFEA73E5C" author="McKnight DG" box="[160,331,591,616]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="171 - 195" refId="ref7109" refString="McKnight DG. 1973. Additions to the asteroid fauna of New Zealand: family Goniasteridae. New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Records. 1: 171 - 195." type="journal article" year="1973">McKnight 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FEF4CF0DFE2B3E5C" author="Liao Y" box="[345,455,591,616]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="367 - 679" refId="ref7031" refString="Liao Y. 1983. A new species of goniasterid sea-star from the Huanghai Sea, China. Chin J Oceanol Limnol. 1: 367 - 679. doi: 10.1007 / BF 02849616." type="journal article" year="1983">Liao 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FE78CF0DFD063E5C" author="Blake DB & Aronson RB" box="[469,746,591,616]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="339 - 353" refId="ref6375" refString="Blake DB, Aronson RB. 1998. Eocene stelleroids (Echinodermata) at Seymour Island, Antarctic Peninsula. J Paleontol. 72: 339 - 353. doi: 10.1017 / S 0022336000036325." type="journal article" year="1998">Blake and Aronson 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FD55CF0DFBE43E5C" author="Clark AM & Downey ME" box="[760,1032,591,616]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" refId="ref6460" refString="Clark AM, Downey ME. 1992. Starfishes of the atlantic. London: Chapman & Hall." type="book" year="1992">Clark and Downey 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FBBBCF0DFF3B3EBF" author="Jagt JWM & Thuy B & Donovan SK & Stohr S & Portell RW & Pickerill RK & Harper AT & Lindsay W & Jackson TA" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="381 - 393" refId="ref6867" refString="Jagt JWM, Thuy B, Donovan SK, Stohr S, Portell RW, Pickerill RK, Harper AT, Lindsay W, Jackson TA. 2014. A starfish bed in the middle miocene grand bay formation of carriacou, the Grenadies (West Indies). Geol Mag. 151: 381 - 393. doi: 10.1017 / S 0016756813000204." type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||||
Jagt
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FBE0CF0DFB923E5C" box="[1101,1150,591,616]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2014
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FF4BCF30FE913EBF" author="Stevens G" box="[230,381,626,651]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="83 - 88" refId="ref7339" refString="Stevens G. 2020. Paragonaster felli n. sp. (Echinodermata, Asterozoa) and a record of an ophiuroid from the early cretaceous of New Zealand. New Zealand J Geol Geophys. 64: 83 - 88. doi: 10.1080 / 00288306.2020. 1767163." type="journal article" year="2020">Stevens 2020</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). However, this new species is readily distinguished from the three short-arm species in having fasciculate pedicellariae on actinal plates (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998523FFB9FBA9CFD6FB993E99" box="[1028,1141,660,685]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-56@11.[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Paragonaster hoeimaruae sp. n., holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">Figure 4F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Moreover,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8523FFB9FEB0CFF5FE533EE4" authorityName="Kobayashi & Sonoyama & Hibino & Kawano & Kohtsuka" authorityYear="2024" box="[285,447,695,720]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="hoeimaruae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FEB0CFF5FE533EE4" box="[285,447,695,720]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">P. hoeimaruae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is distinguished from the three congeners in having lateral abactinal series extending to less than one-half of R (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998523FFB9FCACCF98FC833EC7" box="[769,879,730,755]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-56@11.[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Paragonaster hoeimaruae sp. n., holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">Figure 4A</figureCitation>
|
||||
) [vs more than one-half of R in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8523FFB9FF59CFBEFE9F3F21" authorityName="Liao" authorityYear="1983" box="[244,371,764,789]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="chinensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FF59CFBEFE9F3F21" box="[244,371,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">P. chinensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8523FFB9FE02CFBEFDF33F21" baseAuthorityName="Hayashi" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[431,543,764,789]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="obtusus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FE02CFBEFDF33F21" box="[431,543,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">P. obtusus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FD83CFBEFD383F21" author="Hayashi R" box="[558,724,764,789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref6811" refString="Hayashi R. 1973 a. Seven new species of asteroids from Sagami, Bay. Journal of the College of Liberal Arts, Toyama University, Natural Science. 5: 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1973">Hayashi 1973a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FD4FCFBEFCC43F21" author="Hayashi R" box="[738,808,764,789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" refId="ref6847" refString="Hayashi R. 1973 b. The sea-stars of Sagami Bay. Tokyo: Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household." type="book" year="1973">1973b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FC9BCFBEFC493F21" author="Liao Y" box="[822,933,764,789]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="367 - 679" refId="ref7031" refString="Liao Y. 1983. A new species of goniasterid sea-star from the Huanghai Sea, China. Chin J Oceanol Limnol. 1: 367 - 679. doi: 10.1007 / BF 02849616." type="journal article" year="1983">Liao 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)], most rectangular carinal abactinal plates are wider than length (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998523FFB9FD6ECE5DFCDD3F0C" box="[707,817,799,824]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-56@11.[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Paragonaster hoeimaruae sp. n., holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">Figure 4B</figureCitation>
|
||||
) [vs narrower than length in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8523FFB9FF0DCE00FEF43F6F" baseAuthorityName="Hayashi" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[160,280,834,859]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="obtusus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FF0DCE00FEF43F6F" box="[160,280,834,859]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">P. obtusus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998523FFB9FE81CE00FE733F6F" box="[300,415,834,859]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1072,1095]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1040]" captionTargetId="figure-125@6.[163,1153,142,1041]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Paragonaster obutsus, OMNH-Iv 10661. A, Whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758080" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758080/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">Figure 2B</figureCitation>
|
||||
)], superomarginal plates that are the widest in 5–7th plates (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998523FFB9FF05CE26FEFB3F49" box="[168,279,868,893]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-56@11.[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Paragonaster hoeimaruae sp. n., holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">Figure 4A</figureCitation>
|
||||
) [vs widest interradially in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8523FFB9FDFECE26FD2D3F49" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1941" box="[595,705,868,893]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="grandis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FDFECE26FD2D3F49" box="[595,705,868,893]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">P. grandis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8523FFB9FCADCE26FC9D3F49" baseAuthorityName="Hayashi" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[768,881,868,893]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="obtusus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FCADCE26FC9D3F49" box="[768,881,868,893]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">P. obtusus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FC2CCE26FBF03F49" author="Halpern JA" box="[897,1052,868,893]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="359 - 384" refId="ref6785" refString="Halpern JA. 1972. Pseudarchasterinae (Echinodermata. Asteroidea) of the Atlantic. Proc Biol Soc Washington. 85: 359 - 384." type="journal article" year="1972">Halpern 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FB81CE26FF083F94" author="Hayashi R" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref6811" refString="Hayashi R. 1973 a. Seven new species of asteroids from Sagami, Bay. Journal of the College of Liberal Arts, Toyama University, Natural Science. 5: 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1973">Hayashi 1973a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FF59CEC5FED63F94" author="Hayashi R" box="[244,314,903,928]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" refId="ref6847" refString="Hayashi R. 1973 b. The sea-stars of Sagami Bay. Tokyo: Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household." type="book" year="1973">1973b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998523FFB9FEE6CEC5FE363F94" box="[331,474,903,928]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1072,1095]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1040]" captionTargetId="figure-125@6.[163,1153,142,1041]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Paragonaster obutsus, OMNH-Iv 10661. A, Whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758080" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758080/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">Figure 2A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
)], inferomarginal plates covered with granules with a few spines (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998523FFB9FF57CEE8FE8B3FF7" box="[250,359,938,963]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="11.[160,225,1320,1343]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetId="figure-56@11.[163,1153,142,1288]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 4. Paragonaster hoeimaruae sp. n., holotype OMNH-Iv 10664. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, live specimen, abactinal surface of interradial disc; D, live specimen, abactinal surface of centre of disc; E, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, live specimen, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; G, actinal pediecllariae of proximal portion of arm; H, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; an, anus; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; pa, papulae; pe, pedicellariae; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–H = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758086/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">Figure 4F</figureCitation>
|
||||
) [vs completely covered with spines without granules in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8523FFB9FBBECEE8FEA83FD1" authority="(Halpern 1972)" baseAuthorityName="Halpern" baseAuthorityYear="1972" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="grandis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FBBECEE8FB6F3FF7" box="[1043,1155,938,963]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">P. grandis</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FF0BCE8EFED13FD1" author="Halpern JA" box="[166,317,972,997]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="359 - 384" refId="ref6785" refString="Halpern JA. 1972. Pseudarchasterinae (Echinodermata. Asteroidea) of the Atlantic. Proc Biol Soc Washington. 85: 359 - 384." type="journal article" year="1972">Halpern 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
] and adambulacral plates bearing 5–7 furrow spines [vs 8–10 furrow spines in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8523FFB9FF10CEADFE3B383C" authority="(Halpern 1972)" baseAuthorityName="Halpern" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[189,471,1007,1032]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="grandis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FF10CEADFEC4383C" box="[189,296,1007,1032]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">P. grandis</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FE98CEADFE22383C" author="Halpern JA" box="[309,462,1007,1032]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="359 - 384" refId="ref6785" refString="Halpern JA. 1972. Pseudarchasterinae (Echinodermata. Asteroidea) of the Atlantic. Proc Biol Soc Washington. 85: 359 - 384." type="journal article" year="1972">Halpern 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8523FFB9FF0DC976FCBF3879" blockId="13.[160,851,1076,1101]" box="[160,851,1076,1101]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FF0DC976FCBF3879" bold="true" box="[160,851,1076,1101]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">
|
||||
A KEY TO LIVING SPECIES OF THE GENUS
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8523FFB9FD39C976FCBF3879" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[660,851,1076,1101]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FD39C976FCBF3879" bold="true" box="[660,851,1076,1101]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">PARAGONASTER</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8523FFB9FF12C926FDE338F7" blockId="13.[191,1156,1124,1219]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">
|
||||
A key is provided based on our observations and other descriptive publications (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FB9BC926FEFA3894" author="Sladen WP" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="1 - 893" refId="ref7308" refString="Sladen WP. 1889. The asteroidea. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger. 30: 1 - 893." type="journal article" year="1889">Sladen 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FE8EC9C5FE413894" author="Alcock A" box="[291,429,1159,1184]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="73 - 121" refId="ref6329" refString="Alcock A. 1893. Natural history notes from the HM Indian marine survey Steamer ' Investigator'. 7. An account of the collection of deep-sea Asteroidea. Ann Mag Nat Hist. 11: 73 - 121. doi: 10.1080 / 00222939308677478." type="journal article" year="1893">Alcock 1893</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FE17C9C5FDAF3894" author="Perrier E" box="[442,579,1159,1184]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="1 - 431" refId="ref7211" refString="Perrier E. 1894. Stellerides. Expeditions Scientifique Travailleur et du Talisman. 3: 1 - 431." type="journal article" year="1894">Perrier 1894</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FDFCC9C5FD3F3894" author="Fisher WK" box="[593,723,1159,1184]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="1 - 547" refId="ref6703" refString="Fisher WK. 1919. Starfishes of the Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Bull US National Mus. 3: 1 - 547." type="journal article" year="1919">Fisher 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FD4CC9C5FC953894" author="Halpern JA" box="[737,889,1159,1184]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="359 - 384" refId="ref6785" refString="Halpern JA. 1972. Pseudarchasterinae (Echinodermata. Asteroidea) of the Atlantic. Proc Biol Soc Washington. 85: 359 - 384." type="journal article" year="1972">Halpern 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FC2BC9C5FBC63894" author="Hayashi R" box="[902,1066,1159,1184]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref6811" refString="Hayashi R. 1973 a. Seven new species of asteroids from Sagami, Bay. Journal of the College of Liberal Arts, Toyama University, Natural Science. 5: 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1973">Hayashi 1973a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FB95C9C5FB923894" author="Hayashi R" box="[1080,1150,1159,1184]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" refId="ref6847" refString="Hayashi R. 1973 b. The sea-stars of Sagami Bay. Tokyo: Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household." type="book" year="1973">1973b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FF72C9E8FE6538F7" author="McKnight DG" box="[223,393,1194,1219]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="171 - 195" refId="ref7109" refString="McKnight DG. 1973. Additions to the asteroid fauna of New Zealand: family Goniasteridae. New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Records. 1: 171 - 195." type="journal article" year="1973">McKnight 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8523FFB9FE38C9E8FDEE38F7" author="Liao Y" box="[405,514,1194,1219]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" pagination="367 - 679" refId="ref7031" refString="Liao Y. 1983. A new species of goniasterid sea-star from the Huanghai Sea, China. Chin J Oceanol Limnol. 1: 367 - 679. doi: 10.1007 / BF 02849616." type="journal article" year="1983">Liao 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31091978523FFBAFF12C9ADFB6F3F69" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="962" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" type="key">
|
||||
<key id="FF9B952D8523FFBAFF12C9ADFB6F3F69" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="962" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">
|
||||
<keyStep id="30FEDAB98523FFB9FF12C9ADFB6F3944" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8523FFB9FF12C9ADFB6F391F" blockId="13.[191,1156,1263,1704]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30FB61298523FFB9FF12C9ADFB6F391F" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">1. Proximal carinal plates wedged between two superomarginals are as narrow as or narrower than length ...................................................................................................................... 2</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8523FFB9FF12C876FB6F3944" blockId="13.[191,1156,1263,1704]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30FB61298523FFB9FF12C876FB6F3944" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">– Proximal carinal plates wedged between two superomarginals are wider than length ............................................................................................................................................. 6</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30FEDAB98523FFB9FF12C838FB6F3981" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8523FFB9FF12C838FB6F39A7" blockId="13.[191,1156,1263,1704]" box="[191,1155,1402,1427]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30FB61298523FFB9FF12C838FB6F39A7" box="[191,1155,1402,1427]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">2. Actinal plates bear spines .............................................................................................................. 3</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8523FFB9FF12C8DEFB6F3981" blockId="13.[191,1156,1263,1704]" box="[191,1155,1436,1461]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30FB61298523FFB9FF12C8DEFB6F3981" box="[191,1155,1436,1461]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">
|
||||
– Actinal plates lack spines; Indo-West Pacific Ocean .................. ..................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8523FFB9FC5AC8DEFB6F3981" ID-CoL="4CVZG" authorityName="Alcock" authorityYear="1893" box="[1015,1155,1436,1461]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tenuiradiis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FC5AC8DEFB6F3981" box="[1015,1155,1436,1461]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">P. tenuiradiis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30FEDAB98523FFB9FF12C8FDFB6F3A29" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8523FFB9FF12C8FDFB6F39CF" blockId="13.[191,1156,1263,1704]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30FB61298523FFB9FF12C8FDFB6F39CF" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">3. Superomarginal plates gradually increase in width up to 6th–7th plates, beyond which width gradually decreases distally ................................................................................ 4</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8523FFB9FF12CB46FB6F3A29" blockId="13.[191,1156,1263,1704]" box="[191,1155,1540,1565]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30FB61298523FFB9FF12CB46FB6F3A29" box="[191,1155,1540,1565]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">– Interradial superomarginals are the widest, decreasing in width distally .................. 5</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30FEDAB98523FFBAFF12CB65FB6F3CFF" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="962" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8523FFB9FF12CB65FB6F3A9C" blockId="13.[191,1156,1263,1704]" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30FB61298523FFB9FF12CB65FB6F3A9C" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">
|
||||
4. Carinal abactinal plates increase slightly in width up to the first plate wedged between two superomarginal plates; beyond this plate, they gradually decrease in width distally; inferomarginal spines 1–5 on each proximal plate; Indo-West Pacific ..................................................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8523FFB9FC4CCBCDFB6F3A9C" ID-CoL="4CVZD" baseAuthorityName="Fisher" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[993,1155,1679,1704]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="13" pageNumber="961" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stenostichus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FC4CCBCDFC033A9C" box="[993,1007,1679,1704]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">P</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8523FFB9FC51CBCDFB6F3A9C" box="[1020,1155,1679,1704]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="961">stenostichus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8520FFBAFF12CDCDFB6F3CFF" blockId="14.[191,1156,143,861]" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30FB61298520FFBAFF12CDCDFB6F3CFF" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">
|
||||
– Carinal abactinal plates gradually decrease in width distally; inferomarginal spines 8–15 on each proximal plate; South Pacific Ocean .................... ....................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8520FFBAFBA6CDF0FB6F3CFF" ID-CoL="4CVZC" authorityName="McKnight" authorityYear="1973" box="[1035,1155,178,203]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="14" pageNumber="962" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ridgwayi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8520FFBAFBA6CDF0FBF53CFF" box="[1035,1049,178,203]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">P</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8520FFBAFB8BCDF0FB6F3CFF" box="[1062,1155,178,203]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">ridgwayi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30FEDAB98520FFBAFF12CD96FB6F3D61" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8520FFBAFF12CD96FB683D24" blockId="14.[191,1156,143,861]" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30FB61298520FFBAFF12CD96FB683D24" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">
|
||||
5. R/r> 4.0; lateral abactinal series extends to less than one-third of R; Atlantic Ocean ....................................................................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8520FFBAFBB3CDB5FB683D24" ID-CoL="4CVZF" baseAuthorityName="Perrier" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[1054,1156,247,272]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="14" pageNumber="962" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="subtilis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8520FFBAFBB3CDB5FBC03D24" box="[1054,1068,247,272]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">P</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8520FFBAFB94CDB5FB683D24" box="[1081,1156,247,272]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">subtilis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8520FFBAFF12CC58FB6F3D61" blockId="14.[191,1156,143,861]" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30FB61298520FFBAFF12CC58FB6F3D61" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">
|
||||
– R/r <2.5; lateral abactinal series extends to more than one-half of R; north-west Pacific Ocean ......................................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8520FFBAFBB8CC7EFB6F3D61" ID-CoL="8ZDZT" baseAuthorityName="Hayashi" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[1045,1155,316,341]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="14" pageNumber="962" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="obtusus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8520FFBAFBB8CC7EFBCF3D61" box="[1045,1059,316,341]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">P</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8520FFBAFB82CC7EFB6F3D61" box="[1071,1155,316,341]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">obtusus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30FEDAB98520FFBAFF12CC1DFB6F3E7C" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8520FFBAFF12CC1DFB6F3D89" blockId="14.[191,1156,143,861]" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30FB61298520FFBAFF12CC1DFB6F3D89" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">
|
||||
6. Interradial superomarginals are the widest, decreasing in width distally; inferomarginal and actinal plates are covered with spines without granules; each adambulacral plate bears 8–10 furrow spines; Atlantic Ocean ..........................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8520FFBAFBB5CCE6FB6F3D89" ID-CoL="76287" baseAuthorityName="Halpern" baseAuthorityYear="1972" box="[1048,1155,420,445]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="14" pageNumber="962" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="grandis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8520FFBAFBB5CCE6FBCA3D89" box="[1048,1062,420,445]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">P</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8520FFBAFB9FCCE6FB6F3D89" box="[1074,1155,420,445]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">grandis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8520FFBAFF12CC85FB6F3E7C" blockId="14.[191,1156,143,861]" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30FB61298520FFBAFF12CC85FB6F3E7C" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">– Superomarginal plates gradually increase in width up to 4–7th plates, beyond which width gradually decreases distally; inferomarginal and actinal plates are covered with granules with or without spines; each adambulacral plate bears <8 furrow spines; Pacific Ocean ........................................................................................................................................ 7</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30FEDAB98520FFBAFF12CF10FB6F3EE7" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8520FFBAFF12CF10FB6F3EB9" blockId="14.[191,1156,143,861]" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30FB61298520FFBAFF12CF10FB6F3EB9" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">
|
||||
7. R/r> 3.0; each adambulacral plate bears one major subambulacral spine two or more times longer than the others; Indo-West Pacific Ocean .......... ..........
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8520FFBAFBBCCF36FB6F3EB9" ID-CoL="4CVZ6" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[1041,1155,628,653]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="14" pageNumber="962" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ctenipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8520FFBAFBBCCF36FBF33EB9" box="[1041,1055,628,653]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">P</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8520FFBAFB86CF36FB6F3EB9" box="[1067,1155,628,653]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">ctenipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8520FFBAFF12CFD5FB6F3EE7" blockId="14.[191,1156,143,861]" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30FB61298520FFBAFF12CFD5FB6F3EE7" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">– R/r <3.0; adambulacral plate bears no major subambulacral spines; north-west Pacific Ocean ....................................................................................................................................... 8</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30FEDAB98520FFBAFF12CF9EFB6F3F69" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8520FFBAFF12CF9EFB6F3F2C" blockId="14.[191,1156,143,861]" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30FB61298520FFBAFF12CF9EFB6F3F2C" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">
|
||||
8. Lateral abactinal series extends to more than one-half of R; pedicellariae are absent ................................................................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8520FFBAFBABCFBDFB6F3F2C" ID-CoL="4CVZ4" authorityName="Liao" authorityYear="1983" box="[1030,1155,767,792]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="14" pageNumber="962" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="chinensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8520FFBAFBABCFBDFBF83F2C" box="[1030,1044,767,792]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">P</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8520FFBAFB8CCFBDFB6F3F2C" box="[1057,1155,767,792]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">chinensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8520FFBAFF12CE60FB6F3F69" blockId="14.[191,1156,143,861]" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30FB61298520FFBAFF12CE60FB6F3F69" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">
|
||||
– Lateral abactinal series extends to less than one-half of R; pedicellariae are present...
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8520FFBAFF71CE06FF063F69" box="[220,234,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">P</emphasis>
|
||||
...................................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8520FFBAFCDCCE06FC1F3F69" authorityName="Kobayashi & Sonoyama & Hibino & Kawano & Kohtsuka" authorityYear="2024" box="[881,1011,836,861]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="14" pageNumber="962" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="hoeimaruae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8520FFBAFCDCCE06FC1F3F69" box="[881,1011,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="962">hoeimaruae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24DA3758520FFBAFC56CE06FB6F3F69" box="[1019,1155,836,861]" pageId="14" pageNumber="962" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
</key>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
287
data/03/A3/73/03A3730A8526FFBEFE07CC4BFDEC3F97.xml
Normal file
287
data/03/A3/73/03A3730A8526FFBEFE07CC4BFDEC3F97.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
|
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<mods:title id="20D30D63A750F32293888C20CD44E830">Pseudarchasteridae (Asteroidea: Paxillosida) in Japanese waters, with description of a new species and range extension of three species</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="41D87E2893BB2546AC42A58A47E4EE50">Misaki Marine Biological Station, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Kanagawa, Japan;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="60B4F81CB7A490180C434C69B76A0A84">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="ACAE81CFEC69E54BE637457ADE12622D">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="91B78B1B7F9CDC350ECCE5F7BA663EC6" type="Zenodo-Dep">13758076</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03A3730A8526FFBEFE07CC4BFDEC3F97" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758090" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A3730A8526FFBEFE07CC4BFDEC3F97" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A3730A8526FFBEFE07CC4BFDEC3F97" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="958" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31091978526FFBCFE07CC4BFC6A3D6C" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8526FFBCFE07CC4BFC953D10" blockId="8.[426,889,265,292]" box="[426,889,265,292]" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">
|
||||
<heading id="D0FD75708526FFBCFE07CC4BFC953D10" box="[426,889,265,292]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" reason="5">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8526FFBCFE07CC4BFC953D10" ID-CoL="4CVZD" authority="Fisher 1913" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1913" box="[426,889,265,292]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stenostichus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8526FFBCFE07CC4BFD083D10" box="[426,740,265,292]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">Paragonaster stenostichus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8526FFBCFD46CC4BFC953D10" author="Fisher WK" box="[747,889,265,292]" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" pagination="599 - 648" refId="ref6658" refString="Fisher WK. 1913. Four new genera and fifty-eight new species of starfishes from the Philippine Islands, Celebes and the Moluccas. Proc US Natl Mus. 43: 599 - 648. doi: 10.5479 / si. 00963801.43 - 1944.599." type="journal article" year="1913">Fisher 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8526FFBCFE10CC7DFC6A3D6C" blockId="8.[445,902,319,344]" box="[445,902,319,344]" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">[Japanese name: Minami-gokaku-hitode]</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31091978526FFBCFDFACC2CFD203DBD" box="[599,716,366,393]" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8526FFBCFDFACC2CFD203DBD" blockId="8.[599,716,366,393]" box="[599,716,366,393]" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998526FFBCFDF2CC2CFD283DBD" box="[607,708,366,393]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1233,1256]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-75@9.[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Paragonaster stenostichus, OMNH-Iv 10662. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; C, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758084/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31091978526FFBCFF0DCCE1FC443E36" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8526FFBCFF0DCCE1FDB23DEB" blockId="8.[160,1156,419,514]" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8526FFBCFF0DCCE1FDBA3D88" ID-CoL="4CVZD" authority="(Fisher 1913)" baseAuthorityName="Fisher" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[160,598,419,444]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stenostichus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8526FFBCFF0DCCE1FE503D88" box="[160,444,419,444]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">Paragonaster stenostichus</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8526FFBCFE67CCE1FDA13D88" author="Fisher WK" box="[458,589,419,444]" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" pagination="599 - 648" refId="ref6658" refString="Fisher WK. 1913. Four new genera and fifty-eight new species of starfishes from the Philippine Islands, Celebes and the Moluccas. Proc US Natl Mus. 43: 599 - 648. doi: 10.5479 / si. 00963801.43 - 1944.599." type="journal article" year="1913">Fisher 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, p. 627;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8526FFBCFD18CCE1FC493D88" author="Fisher WK" box="[693,933,419,444]" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" pagination="1 - 547" refId="ref6703" refString="Fisher WK. 1919. Starfishes of the Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Bull US National Mus. 3: 1 - 547." type="journal article" year="1919">Fisher 1919: 232–235</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, pl. 60, fig. 2, pl. 70, fig. 2, pl. 71, fig. 1, pl. 91 figs. 10, 10a
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8526FFBCFF0DCCABFC443E36" blockId="8.[160,1156,419,514]" box="[160,936,489,514]" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1AE5328526FFBCFF0DCCABFC443E36" box="[160,936,489,514]" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8526FFBCFF0DCCABFE7C3E36" ID-CoL="4CVZ6" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[160,400,489,514]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ctenipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8526FFBCFF0DCCABFE7C3E36" box="[160,400,489,514]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">Paragonaster ctenipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AABE40D8526FFBCFE00CCABFD693E36" author="Oguro C" box="[429,645,489,514]" page="46" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" year="1987">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8526FFBCFE00CCABFD693E36" author="Oguro C" box="[429,645,489,514]" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" pagination="46 - 51" refId="ref7138" refString="Oguro C. 1987. Paragonaster ctenipes Sladen (Asteroidea, Goniasteridae) from Tokushima Pref. Shikoku, Japan. Proc Japn Soc Syst Zool 36: 46 - 51." type="journal article" year="1987">Oguro 1987: 46–51</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, figs. 1–2;
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AABE40D8526FFBCFD57CCABFC443E36" author="Oguro C" box="[762,936,489,514]" page="47" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" year="1990">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8526FFBCFD57CCABFC443E36" author="Oguro C" box="[762,936,489,514]" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" pagination="35 - 63" refId="ref7170" refString="Oguro C. 1990. Asteroidea. In: Hisamune T, editor. Echinoderms from continental shelf and slope around Japan. Vol. 1. Tokyo: Japan Fisheries resource Conservation Association; p. 35 - 63." type="book chapter" year="1990">Oguro 1990: 47</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31091978526FFBCFF0DCF6CFD843EB9" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8526FFBCFF0DCF6CFD843EB9" blockId="8.[160,1156,558,653]" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8526FFBCFF0DCF6CFE6A3E7C" bold="true" box="[160,390,558,584]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B62C8418526FFBCFE3BCF6CFD883EB9" collectingDate="2020-07-09" collectionCode="R, V" country="Japan" elevation="130" latitude="34.9717" location="Sea" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="130.815" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yamaguchi">
|
||||
OMNH-Iv 10662,
|
||||
<date id="FFB4E4DC8526FFBCFDFACF6CFD353E73" box="[599,729,558,583]" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" value="2020-07-09">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF01D348526FFBCFDFACF6CFD353E73" box="[599,729,558,583]" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" value="2020-07-09">9 July 2020</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, north-west of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CE0CFE8526FFBCFC28CF6CFB6D3E73" box="[901,1153,558,583]" country="Japan" name="Yamaguchi" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">Yamaguchi Prefecture</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8ED594C78526FFBCFF0DCF13FF2B3E5E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A3730A8526FFBEFE07CC4BFDEC3F97:8ED594C78526FFBCFF0DCF13FF2B3E5E" box="[160,199,593,618]" country="Japan" latitude="34.9717" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="130.815" name="Sea" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" stateProvince="Yamaguchi">Sea</location>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C8526FFBCFF41CF13FEDC3E5E" box="[236,304,593,618]" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3EA4DB8526FFBCFE96CF13FE433E5E" box="[315,431,593,618]" degrees="34.9717" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" precision="5" value="34.9717">34.9717°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3EA4DB8526FFBCFE14CF13FDDB3E5E" box="[441,567,593,618]" degrees="130.8150" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" precision="5" value="130.815">130.8150°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF26FF98526FFBCFDECCF13FD6B3E5E" box="[577,647,593,618]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" unit="m" value="130.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="0027252F8526FFBCFDECCF13FD6B3E5E" box="[577,647,593,618]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" unit="m" value="130.0">130 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
in depth, collected by the
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1B5AD98526FFBCFC15CF13FC2B3E5E" box="[952,967,593,618]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1B5AD98526FFBCFC63CF13FC323E5E" box="[974,990,593,618]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8526FFBCFC48CF13FBCF3E5E" box="[997,1059,593,618]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">Kaisei</emphasis>
|
||||
, fixed in 99% ethanol,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1B5AD98526FFBCFE97CF36FEA43EB9" box="[314,328,628,653]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
=
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF26FF98526FFBCFEC5CF36FE213EB9" box="[360,461,628,653]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.29" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" unit="mm" value="42.9">42.9 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, r = 12.0 mm
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31091978526FFBCFF0DCFFBFC863F69" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8526FFBCFF0DCFFBFC863F69" blockId="8.[160,1155,697,861]" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8526FFBCFF0DCFFBFEF63EE7" bold="true" box="[160,282,697,723]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||||
R/r> 3; most rectangular carinal abactinal plates as narrow as or narrower than length, except several first plates wider than length; lateral abactinal series extends to less than half of R; superomarginal plates widest in 3rd–4th plates; inferomarginal plates bear granules and 1–5 conical spines; actinal plates bear granules, spines and no pedicellariae; each adambulacral plate bears 6–7 furrow spines.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31091978526FFBEFF0DCECBFD9D3E36" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="958" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8526FFBCFF0DCECBFE8539C4" blockId="8.[160,1156,905,1728]" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8526FFBCFF0DCECBFEC13F97" bold="true" box="[160,301,905,931]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">Description.</emphasis>
|
||||
Body stellate, flat (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998526FFBCFDA0CEC8FD953F97" box="[525,633,906,931]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1233,1256]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-75@9.[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Paragonaster stenostichus, OMNH-Iv 10662. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; C, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758084/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">Figure 3A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Arms five, broad proximally, gradually tapering to arm tips. R/r 3.6. Abactinal surface densely covered with numerous abactinal paxillae comprising abactinal plates and granules (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998526FFBCFD4DCE8DFC843FDC" box="[736,872,975,1000]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1233,1256]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-75@9.[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Paragonaster stenostichus, OMNH-Iv 10662. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; C, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758084/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">Figure 3B, C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Abactinal plates in
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D0C09958526FFBCFBF5CE8DFF33383F" count="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
|
||||
, larger carinal and smaller lateral abactinal plates (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998526FFBCFCA5CEB0FC9E383F" box="[776,882,1010,1035]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1233,1256]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-75@9.[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Paragonaster stenostichus, OMNH-Iv 10662. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; C, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758084/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">Figure 3C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Lateral abactinal plates mostly hexalobate, with cylindrical to prismatic paxillar columns, arranged in 5–6 regular longitudinal series on each side of arm. Paxillar columns wider than spaces between neighbouring paxillar columns. Adradial-most lateral abactinal series longest, extending to 29% of R. Carinal abactinal plates on proximal 30% of R, hexagonal with cylindrical paxillar columns and those on distal 70%, rectangular with prismatic paxillar columns. Carinal abactinal plates arranged in one regular longitudinal series extending to arm tip, wedged between two superomarginal series in distal 71% of R. Hexagonal carinal abactinal plates as narrow as length and gradually increase in width towards first rectangular plates. Rectangular carinal abactinal plates wider than length at first several plates but mostly narrower than length, gradually decreasing in width distally. Lateral and carinal abactinal plates bear mushroom-shaped granules without spines (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998526FFBCFC0AC82DFBFA39BC" box="[935,1046,1391,1416]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1233,1256]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-75@9.[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Paragonaster stenostichus, OMNH-Iv 10662. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; C, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758084/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">Figure 3B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Papular areas mostly contain one papula, every six surrounding one lateral abactinal plate (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998526FFBCFF05C8F7FEF939FA" box="[168,277,1461,1486]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1233,1256]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-75@9.[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Paragonaster stenostichus, OMNH-Iv 10662. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; C, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758084/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">Figure 3C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Madreporite single, round, convex, with radiated tortuous grooves, located at interradial disc.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8526FFBDFF6DC8B8FEF23A03" blockId="8.[160,1156,905,1728]" lastBlockId="9.[160,1156,1462,1660]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="957" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">
|
||||
Supero- and inferomarginal plates wide rectangular with oblong to oval ridges and arranged in longitudinal series along body margin (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998526FFBCFD7ACB5FFC9A3A02" box="[727,886,1565,1590]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1233,1256]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-75@9.[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Paragonaster stenostichus, OMNH-Iv 10662. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; C, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758084/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">Figure 3A, C–E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Superomarginal plates gradually increase in width up to 3rd–4th plates, and beyond these plates, gradually decrease in width distally (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998526FFBCFE6BCB20FDA73A4F" box="[454,587,1634,1659]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1233,1256]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-75@9.[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Paragonaster stenostichus, OMNH-Iv 10662. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; C, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758084/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">Figure 3A, C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Inferomarginal plates gradually decrease in width distally (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998526FFBCFEADCBC7FE7C3AAA" box="[256,400,1669,1694]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1233,1256]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-75@9.[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Paragonaster stenostichus, OMNH-Iv 10662. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; C, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758084/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">Figure 3A, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Supero- and inferomarginal series comprise 54 plates per interradius, without odd plates. Fascicular grooves narrow, shorter than ridges of neighbouring supero- and inferomarginal plates (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998527FFBDFD7BC8F4FC8F39FB" box="[726,867,1462,1487]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1233,1256]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-75@9.[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Paragonaster stenostichus, OMNH-Iv 10662. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; C, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758084/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="957">Figure 3C, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Supero- and inferomarginal plates covered with mushroom-shaped granules and proximal to middle inferomarginal plates bear 1–5 conical spines arranged in one zigzag to two transverse series (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998527FFBDFF05CB5CFEFD3A03" box="[168,273,1566,1591]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1233,1256]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-75@9.[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Paragonaster stenostichus, OMNH-Iv 10662. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; C, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758084/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="957">Figure 3E</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7592948527FFBDFF0DC993FCD4394F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758084" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758084/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="957" startId="9.[160,225,1233,1256]" targetBox="[163,1153,142,1202]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8527FFBDFF0DC993FCD4394F" blockId="9.[160,1156,1233,1403]" pageId="9" pageNumber="957">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8527FFBDFF0DC993FF1038DC" bold="true" box="[160,252,1233,1256]" pageId="9" pageNumber="957">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8527FFBDFEA9C993FDEC38DC" baseAuthorityName="Fisher" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[260,512,1233,1256]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="9" pageNumber="957" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stenostichus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8527FFBDFEA9C993FDEC38DC" box="[260,512,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="957">Paragonaster stenostichus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, OMNH-Iv 10662. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; C, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8527FFBEFF6DCB02FF1E3CFE" blockId="9.[160,1156,1462,1660]" lastBlockId="10.[160,1156,142,514]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="958" pageId="9" pageNumber="957">
|
||||
Actinal plates oval to rectangular, convex, and arranged in three longitudinal series (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998527FFBDFF05CB21FEF93A48" box="[168,277,1635,1660]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1233,1256]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-75@9.[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Paragonaster stenostichus, OMNH-Iv 10662. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; C, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758084/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="957">Figure 3D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Actinal series confined within 26% of R. Each actinal plate bears mushroom-shaped to clavate granules and typically one major conical spine (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998524FFBEFCD6CDCCFC0F3C93" box="[891,995,142,167]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1233,1256]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-75@9.[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Paragonaster stenostichus, OMNH-Iv 10662. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; C, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758084/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Figure 3E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Pedicellariae absent.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8524FFBEFF6DCD96FE383D43" blockId="10.[160,1156,142,514]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">
|
||||
Adambulacral plates oval and arranged in one longitudinal series along the ambulacral furrow (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998524FFBEFF54CDB4FE8A3D3B" box="[249,358,246,271]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1233,1256]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-75@9.[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Paragonaster stenostichus, OMNH-Iv 10662. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; C, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758084/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Figure 3D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Adambulacral series comprises 44 plates, extending to arm tips. Each adambulacral plate bears 6–7 furrow spines arranged in longitudinal curved series, one major subambulacral spine on plate centre and 12–15 minor subambulacral spines on plate margin (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998524FFBEFE92CC1CFE2B3D43" box="[319,455,350,375]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1233,1256]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-75@9.[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Paragonaster stenostichus, OMNH-Iv 10662. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; C, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758084/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Figure 3D, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8524FFBEFF6DCCC3FF0A3DEB" blockId="10.[160,1156,142,514]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">
|
||||
Each pair of oral plates, forming jaw, bears one unpaired oral spine on its proximal edge (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998524FFBEFF44CCE6FEBF3D89" box="[233,339,420,445]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="9.[160,225,1233,1256]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetId="figure-75@9.[163,1153,142,1202]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 3. Paragonaster stenostichus, OMNH-Iv 10662. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; C, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758084" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758084/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Figure 3F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Each oral plate bears 25–28 oral spines arranged in three longitudinal series.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8524FFBEFF6DCCABFD9D3E36" blockId="10.[160,1156,142,514]" box="[192,625,489,514]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Tube feet biserial, with suckered discs.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31091978524FFBEFF0DCF6CFCDD3EB9" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8524FFBEFF0DCF6CFCDD3EB9" blockId="10.[160,1156,558,653]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8524FFBEFF0DCF6CFEDF3E7C" bold="true" box="[160,307,558,584]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||||
Waters adjacent to the
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C8524FFBEFDFDCF6DFCFA3E7C" box="[592,790,559,584]" name="Philippines" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Philippine Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8524FFBEFC88CF6DFC453E7C" author="Fisher WK" box="[805,937,559,584]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" pagination="1 - 547" refId="ref6703" refString="Fisher WK. 1919. Starfishes of the Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Bull US National Mus. 3: 1 - 547." type="journal article" year="1919">Fisher 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); south and southeast off Shikoku Island,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C8524FFBEFE02CF13FE1D3E5E" box="[431,497,593,618]" name="Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8524FFBEFE52CF13FD643E5E" author="Oguro C" box="[511,648,593,618]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" pagination="46 - 51" refId="ref7138" refString="Oguro C. 1987. Paragonaster ctenipes Sladen (Asteroidea, Goniasteridae) from Tokushima Pref. Shikoku, Japan. Proc Japn Soc Syst Zool 36: 46 - 51." type="journal article" year="1987">Oguro 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8524FFBEFD3BCF13FD213E5E" author="Oguro C" box="[662,717,593,618]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" pagination="35 - 63" refId="ref7170" refString="Oguro C. 1990. Asteroidea. In: Hisamune T, editor. Echinoderms from continental shelf and slope around Japan. Vol. 1. Tokyo: Japan Fisheries resource Conservation Association; p. 35 - 63." type="book chapter" year="1990">1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); north-west of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CE0CFE8524FFBEFC28CF13FB6D3E5E" box="[901,1153,593,618]" country="Japan" name="Yamaguchi" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Yamaguchi Prefecture</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, Sea of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C8524FFBEFF40CF36FEC33EB9" box="[237,303,628,653]" name="Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(this study). Bathymetric range is
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF26FF98524FFBEFD03CF36FCC13EB9" box="[686,813,628,653]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.12" metricValueMax="3.1399999999999997" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" unit="m" value="212.0" valueMax="314.0" valueMin="110.0">
|
||||
110–
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D0C09958524FFBEFD4FCF36FCC13EB9" box="[738,813,628,653]" count="314" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" type="generic">314 m</specimenCount>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31091978524FFBEFF0DCFFBFDEC3F97" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8524FFBEFF0DCFFBFDEC3F97" blockId="10.[160,1156,697,931]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8524FFBEFF0DCFFBFEFC3EE7" bold="true" box="[160,272,697,723]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||||
The observed specimen aligns with the morphological characteristics of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8524FFBEFF0DCF9EFEAE3EC1" baseAuthorityName="Fisher" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[160,322,732,757]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stenostichus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8524FFBEFF0DCF9EFEAE3EC1" box="[160,322,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">P. stenostichus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
described by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8524FFBEFE46CF9EFD9A3EC1" author="Fisher WK" box="[491,630,732,757]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" pagination="599 - 648" refId="ref6658" refString="Fisher WK. 1913. Four new genera and fifty-eight new species of starfishes from the Philippine Islands, Celebes and the Moluccas. Proc US Natl Mus. 43: 599 - 648. doi: 10.5479 / si. 00963801.43 - 1944.599." type="journal article" year="1913">Fisher (1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8524FFBEFD2BCF9EFD513EC1" author="Fisher WK" box="[646,701,732,757]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" pagination="1 - 547" refId="ref6703" refString="Fisher WK. 1919. Starfishes of the Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Bull US National Mus. 3: 1 - 547." type="journal article" year="1919">1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) (see Diagnosis and Key).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8524FFBEFC5FCF9EFE733F2C" authority="Sladen 1889" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ctenipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8524FFBEFC5FCF9EFF173F2C" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Paragonaster ctenipes</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8524FFBEFEA7CFBDFE733F2C" author="Sladen WP" box="[266,415,767,792]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" pagination="1 - 893" refId="ref7308" refString="Sladen WP. 1889. The asteroidea. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger. 30: 1 - 893." type="journal article" year="1889">Sladen 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, reported by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8524FFBEFDFFCFBDFD053F2C" author="Oguro C" box="[594,745,767,792]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" pagination="46 - 51" refId="ref7138" refString="Oguro C. 1987. Paragonaster ctenipes Sladen (Asteroidea, Goniasteridae) from Tokushima Pref. Shikoku, Japan. Proc Japn Soc Syst Zool 36: 46 - 51." type="journal article" year="1987">Oguro (1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8524FFBEFD53CFBDFCDA3F2C" author="Oguro C" box="[766,822,767,792]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" pagination="35 - 63" refId="ref7170" refString="Oguro C. 1990. Asteroidea. In: Hisamune T, editor. Echinoderms from continental shelf and slope around Japan. Vol. 1. Tokyo: Japan Fisheries resource Conservation Association; p. 35 - 63." type="book chapter" year="1990">1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) most probably belong to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8524FFBEFF0DCE60FEAC3F0F" baseAuthorityName="Fisher" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[160,320,802,827]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stenostichus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8524FFBEFF0DCE60FEAC3F0F" box="[160,320,802,827]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">P. stenostichus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, because most rectangular carinal abactinal plates are narrower than the length of his specimens, unlike those of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8524FFBEFDD2CE06FD1A3F69" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[639,758,836,861]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ctenipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8524FFBEFDD2CE06FD1A3F69" box="[639,758,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">P. ctenipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which are wider than the length (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8524FFBEFF0BCE25FEDD3FB4" author="Sladen WP" box="[166,305,871,896]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" pagination="1 - 893" refId="ref7308" refString="Sladen WP. 1889. The asteroidea. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger. 30: 1 - 893." type="journal article" year="1889">Sladen 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8524FFBEFE90CE25FE513FB4" author="Fisher WK" box="[317,445,871,896]" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" pagination="1 - 547" refId="ref6703" refString="Fisher WK. 1919. Starfishes of the Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Bull US National Mus. 3: 1 - 547." type="journal article" year="1919">Fisher 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). This is the first report of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8524FFBEFD4FCE25FC6C3FB4" baseAuthorityName="Fisher" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[738,896,871,896]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="10" pageNumber="958" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="stenostichus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8524FFBEFD4FCE25FC6C3FB4" box="[738,896,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">P. stenostichus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C8524FFBEFC69CE25FBE43FB4" box="[964,1032,871,896]" name="Japan" pageId="10" pageNumber="958">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, extending its northern distributional limit.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
146
data/03/A3/73/03A3730A852BFFB1FE6ACE63FE6D39BA.xml
Normal file
146
data/03/A3/73/03A3730A852BFFB1FE6ACE63FE6D39BA.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
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|||
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F852BFFB1FDB0CE63FCB03F08" ID-CoL="7PPMN" authority="Sladen 1889" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[541,860,801,828]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
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<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852BFFB1FDB0CE63FD503F08" box="[541,700,801,828]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Paragonaster</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED852BFFB1FD68CE63FCB03F08" author="Sladen WP" box="[709,860,801,828]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" pagination="1 - 893" refId="ref7308" refString="Sladen WP. 1889. The asteroidea. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger. 30: 1 - 893." type="journal article" year="1889">Sladen 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
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</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852BFFB1FE25CE10FC573F5F" blockId="5.[392,955,850,875]" box="[392,955,850,875]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">[New Japanese name: Miyabi-momiji-hitode-zoku]</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3109197852BFFB1FF0DCED6FE6F3FE4" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" type="reference_group">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AABE40D852BFFB1FF0DCED6FDFB3F99" author="Sladen WP" box="[160,535,916,941]" page="310" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" year="1889">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F852BFFB1FF0DCED6FDFB3F99" ID-CoL="7PPMN" authority="Sladen 1889, p. 310" authorityName="Sladen" authorityPageNumber="310" authorityYear="1889" box="[160,535,916,941]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
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<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852BFFB1FF0DCED6FEDD3F99" box="[160,305,916,941]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Paragonaster</emphasis>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED852BFFB1FE95CED6FE2E3F99" author="Sladen WP" box="[312,450,916,941]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" pagination="1 - 893" refId="ref7308" refString="Sladen WP. 1889. The asteroidea. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger. 30: 1 - 893." type="journal article" year="1889">Sladen 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, p. 310
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AABE40D852BFFB1FD8FCED6FD0E3F99" author="Perrier E" box="[546,738,916,941]" page="355" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" year="1894">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED852BFFB1FD8FCED6FD0E3F99" author="Perrier E" box="[546,738,916,941]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" pagination="1 - 431" refId="ref7211" refString="Perrier E. 1894. Stellerides. Expeditions Scientifique Travailleur et du Talisman. 3: 1 - 431." type="journal article" year="1894">Perrier 1894: 355</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AABE40D852BFFB1FD41CED6FC4A3F99" author="Fisher WK" box="[748,934,916,941]" page="163" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" year="1911">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED852BFFB1FD41CED6FC4A3F99" author="Fisher WK" box="[748,934,916,941]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" pagination="1 - 420" refId="ref6626" refString="Fisher WK. 1911. Asteroidea of the North Pacific and adjacent waters. Part I. Phanerozonia and Spinulosa. Bull US National Mus. 76: 1 - 420." type="journal article" year="1911">Fisher 1911: 163</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AABE40D852BFFB1FC1CCED6FB6D3F99" author="Halpern JA" box="[945,1153,916,941]" page="373" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" year="1972">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED852BFFB1FC1CCED6FB6D3F99" author="Halpern JA" box="[945,1153,916,941]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" pagination="359 - 384" refId="ref6785" refString="Halpern JA. 1972. Pseudarchasterinae (Echinodermata. Asteroidea) of the Atlantic. Proc Biol Soc Washington. 85: 359 - 384." type="journal article" year="1972">Halpern 1972: 373</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AABE40D852BFFB1FF6DCEF5FE6F3FE4" author="Downey ME" box="[192,387,951,976]" page="56" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" year="1973">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED852BFFB1FF6DCEF5FE6F3FE4" author="Downey ME" box="[192,387,951,976]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" pagination="1 - 158" refId="ref6568" refString="Downey ME. 1973. Starfishes from the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico. Smithsonian Contrib Zool. 126: 1 - 158. doi: 10.5479 / si. 00810282.126." type="journal article" year="1973">Downey 1973: 56</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3109197852BFFB1FF0DC947FD3D382B" box="[160,721,1029,1055]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" type="type_taxon">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852BFFB1FF0DC947FD3D382B" blockId="5.[160,721,1029,1055]" box="[160,721,1029,1055]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852BFFB1FF0DC947FED5382B" bold="true" box="[160,313,1029,1055]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">
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<typeStatus id="54B17CBE852BFFB1FF0DC947FF34382B" box="[160,216,1029,1055]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F852BFFB1FEE7C944FD20382B" ID-CoL="4CVZ6" authority="Sladen 1889" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[330,716,1030,1055]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="ctenipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852BFFB1FEE7C944FDD6382B" box="[330,570,1030,1055]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Paragonaster ctenipes</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED852BFFB1FDEFC944FD20382B" author="Sladen WP" box="[578,716,1030,1055]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" pagination="1 - 893" refId="ref7308" refString="Sladen WP. 1889. The asteroidea. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger. 30: 1 - 893." type="journal article" year="1889">Sladen 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3109197852BFFB1FF0DC917FE623880" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852BFFB1FF0DC917FE623880" blockId="5.[160,1155,1109,1204]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">
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||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852BFFB1FF0DC917FEF6385B" bold="true" box="[160,282,1109,1135]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||||
Disc broad, flat, interradial margin evenly curved, only one abactinal series – carinal abactinal series – extends to arm tip. Marginals block-like, broad, no unpaired interradial marginals.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3109197852BFFB1FF0DC9A8FE6D39BA" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852BFFB1FF0DC9A8FE6D39BA" blockId="5.[160,1156,1258,1422]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">
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<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852BFFB1FF0DC9A8FDE83930" bold="true" box="[160,516,1258,1284]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Etymology of Japanese name.</emphasis>
|
||||
The Japanese name ‘miyabi’ means elegance. The characteristics of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F852BFFB1FE94C84FFDC53912" box="[313,553,1293,1318]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852BFFB1FE94C84FFE263912" box="[313,458,1293,1318]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Paragonaster</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, with their maple leaf-shaped bodies and steppingstone-like carinal series extending to the arm tip, evoke the elegance of traditional Japanese gardens. Furthermore, ‘momiji-hitode’ follows the Japanese name of the family
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F852BFFB1FF0DC837FE9139BA" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[160,381,1397,1422]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Pseudarchasteridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
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|
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301
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301
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<mods:namePart id="6DC91D4EADF6B1E434DF4292DA2750F1">Kobayashi, Itaru</mods:namePart>
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||||
<mods:affiliation id="8044FF4C381D851F5824D448DBFA2691">Misaki Marine Biological Station, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Kanagawa, Japan;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="623829DDF45EE75345187968BFC050FD" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="4AEE63AEADECB11869E21F67AFFFD670">Sonoyama, Takayuki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="345C5B12BAD1B610CC262FC81AD15EBB">Enoshima Aquarium, Kanagawa, Japan;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="1787DC1DEADD268936C9309D7514DA87">Hibino, Mai</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C387F1287F4ABA800DE7B5818AC47869">Marine Science Museum, Fukushima Prefecture, Aquamarine Fukushima, Fukushima, Japan;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="719D3063209DC0C15465593FDF2B027C">Kawano, Mitsuhisa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DF4FDD6D6137D7CEFE16835B03B70A0E">Japan Sea Division, Yamaguchi Prefectural Fisheries Research Centre, Yamaguchi, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="C12013CB3823EDDCA3593907F47FEA13">Kohtsuka, Hisanori</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1FDDB36EC426911FFEFF72DFF1C924F3">Misaki Marine Biological Station, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Kanagawa, Japan;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="0D822E52249F1EF971D8E6EE6480A730">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="8FD71784C9C6FF778C035CB8D114E351">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="1F5384A39A1D0371754E971D091BBC4C">
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<mods:date id="B8E0A985C8056E5D7988397E60E021D2">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EA7232ABA87FFBE98AE205E21FBF9F00">2024-08-02</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="29167EF44C1482A85DB025CFFEADE8E5">58</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="6D782739A2D81D9F91437B2923BAB2A7" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="EAFA0FDD464846207F0EACB0F3D73C89">25 - 28</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent id="CA4402828177EB5AD0CC0B08FD32AF8B" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="C5B81258A9778B664290B06712D8FAAC">949</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="8FD0D2ED705E8E13253CC7B39284CD67">964</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="30CD89C6035B5A9E644449249D9AF17E">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2377336</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="458F60BE2475981BB32F8964CCA70D18">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="92A6DDB9A8D44C2453EF7239F7CC1FB6" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2024.2377336</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="764CF14EB6792D1AFFD7706626A73DAD" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="048957933FBA032F5946B950A1347FA8" type="Zenodo-Dep">13758076</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A3730A852BFFBCFE07C8FBFF043CD9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758088" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758088" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A3730A852BFFBCFE07C8FBFF043CD9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A3730A852BFFBCFE07C8FBFF043CD9" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="955" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">
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<subSubSection id="C3109197852BFFB1FE07C8FBFCB93A3C" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852BFFB1FE07C8FBFC9539E0" blockId="5.[426,889,1465,1492]" box="[426,889,1465,1492]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">
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<heading id="D0FD7570852BFFB1FE07C8FBFC9539E0" box="[426,889,1465,1492]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F852BFFB1FE07C8FBFC9539E0" ID-CoL="8ZDZT" authority="(Hayashi 1973 a)" baseAuthorityName="Hayashi" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[426,889,1465,1492]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="obtusus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852BFFB1FE07C8FBFD4239E0" box="[426,686,1465,1492]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Paragonaster obtusus</emphasis>
|
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(
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED852BFFB1FD11C8FBFC9D39E0" author="Hayashi R" box="[700,881,1465,1492]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref6811" refString="Hayashi R. 1973 a. Seven new species of asteroids from Sagami, Bay. Journal of the College of Liberal Arts, Toyama University, Natural Science. 5: 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1973">Hayashi 1973a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852BFFB1FE43C8ADFCB93A3C" blockId="5.[494,853,1519,1544]" box="[494,853,1519,1544]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">[Japanese name: Momiji-hitode]</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3109197852BFFB1FDFACB6EFD203A73" box="[599,716,1580,1607]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852BFFB1FDFACB6EFD203A73" blockId="5.[599,716,1580,1607]" box="[599,716,1580,1607]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">
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(
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<figureCitation id="1331DE99852BFFB1FDF2CB6EFD283A73" box="[607,708,1580,1607]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1072,1095]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1040]" captionTargetId="figure-125@6.[163,1153,142,1041]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Paragonaster obutsus, OMNH-Iv 10661. A, Whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758080" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758080/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3109197852BFFB1FF0DCB20FCBF3AF4" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852BFFB1FF0DCB20FED43AAA" blockId="5.[160,1155,1634,1728]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1AE532852BFFB1FF0DCB20FED43AAA" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F852BFFB1FF0DCB20FDB43A4F" ID-CoL="6WCMD" authority="Hayashi (1973 a)" authorityName="Hayashi" authorityYear="1973" box="[160,600,1634,1659]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Pseudarchaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="obtusus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852BFFB1FF0DCB20FE733A4F" box="[160,415,1634,1659]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Pseudarchaster obtusus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED852BFFB1FE0BCB20FDB43A4F" author="Hayashi R" box="[422,600,1634,1659]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref6811" refString="Hayashi R. 1973 a. Seven new species of asteroids from Sagami, Bay. Journal of the College of Liberal Arts, Toyama University, Natural Science. 5: 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1973">Hayashi (1973a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, pp. 4–6, pl. 8, figs. 1–3;
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AABE40D852BFFB1FCC5CB20FBB23A4F" author="Hayashi R" box="[872,1118,1634,1659]" page="54" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" year="1973">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED852BFFB1FCC5CB20FBB23A4F" author="Hayashi R" box="[872,1118,1634,1659]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" refId="ref6847" refString="Hayashi R. 1973 b. The sea-stars of Sagami Bay. Tokyo: Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household." type="book" year="1973">Hayashi 1973b: 54–56</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, pl. 8, figs. 1–3
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852BFFB1FF0DCBE5FCBF3AF4" blockId="5.[160,1155,1634,1728]" box="[160,851,1703,1728]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1AE532852BFFB1FF0DCBE5FCBF3AF4" box="[160,851,1703,1728]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F852BFFB1FF0DCBE5FE603AF4" ID-CoL="8ZDZT" baseAuthorityName="Hayashi" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[160,396,1703,1728]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="obtusus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852BFFB1FF0DCBE5FE603AF4" box="[160,396,1703,1728]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Paragonaster obtusus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AABE40D852BFFB1FE04CBE5FCEF3AF4" author="Saba M & Fujita T" box="[425,771,1703,1728]" page="272" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" year="2006">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED852BFFB1FE04CBE5FCEF3AF4" author="Saba M & Fujita T" box="[425,771,1703,1728]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" pagination="251 - 287" refId="ref7270" refString="Saba M, Fujita T. 2006. Asteroidea (Echinodermata) from the Sagami Sea, Central Japan. 1. Paxillosida and valvatida. Mem Natn Sci Nature Sci. 41: 251 - 287." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C852BFFB1FE04CBE5FE333AF4" box="[425,479,1703,1728]" name="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Saba</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and Fujita 2006: 272–273
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, fig. 16
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="DF7592948528FFB2FF0DC972FCD438EE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758080" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758080" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758080/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="954" startId="6.[160,225,1072,1095]" targetBox="[163,1153,142,1040]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
|
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<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8528FFB2FF0DC972FCD438EE" blockId="6.[160,1157,1072,1242]" pageId="6" pageNumber="954">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8528FFB2FF0DC972FF163873" bold="true" box="[160,250,1072,1095]" pageId="6" pageNumber="954">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8528FFB2FEACC972FE3D3873" baseAuthorityName="Hayashi" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[257,465,1072,1095]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="6" pageNumber="954" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="obutsus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8528FFB2FEACC972FE3D3873" box="[257,465,1072,1095]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="954">Paragonaster obutsus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, OMNH-Iv 10661. A, Whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31091978528FFB2FF0DC86BFD8439BC" pageId="6" pageNumber="954" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8528FFB2FF0DC86BFD8439BC" blockId="6.[160,1156,1321,1416]" pageId="6" pageNumber="954">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8528FFB2FF0DC86BFE693977" bold="true" box="[160,389,1321,1347]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="954">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B62C8418528FFB2FE38C868FD8839BC" collectingDate="2021-07-27" collectionCode="R, V" country="Japan" elevation="129" latitude="35.065" location="Sea" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="130.3167" pageId="6" pageNumber="954" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yamaguchi">
|
||||
OMNH-Iv 10661,
|
||||
<date id="FFB4E4DC8528FFB2FDFFC868FD333977" box="[594,735,1322,1347]" pageId="6" pageNumber="954" value="2021-07-27">
|
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<collectingDate id="EFF01D348528FFB2FDFFC868FD333977" box="[594,735,1322,1347]" pageId="6" pageNumber="954" value="2021-07-27">27 July 2021</collectingDate>
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</date>
|
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, north-west of
|
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<collectingRegion id="49CE0CFE8528FFB2FC2AC868FB6D3977" box="[903,1153,1322,1347]" country="Japan" name="Yamaguchi" pageId="6" pageNumber="954">Yamaguchi Prefecture</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8ED594C78528FFB2FF0DC80FFF2B3952" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A3730A852BFFBCFE07C8FBFF043CD9:8ED594C78528FFB2FF0DC80FFF2B3952" box="[160,199,1357,1382]" country="Japan" latitude="35.065" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="130.3167" name="Sea" pageId="6" pageNumber="954" stateProvince="Yamaguchi">Sea</location>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C8528FFB2FF41C80FFEDC3952" box="[236,304,1357,1382]" name="Japan" pageId="6" pageNumber="954">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
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,
|
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<geoCoordinate id="EE3EA4DB8528FFB2FE96C80FFE433952" box="[315,431,1357,1382]" degrees="35.0650" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="954" precision="5" value="35.065">35.0650°N</geoCoordinate>
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||||
,
|
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<geoCoordinate id="EE3EA4DB8528FFB2FE14C80FFDDB3952" box="[441,567,1357,1382]" degrees="130.3167" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="954" precision="5" value="130.3167">130.3167°E</geoCoordinate>
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,
|
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<quantity id="4CF26FF98528FFB2FDECC80FFD6B3952" box="[577,647,1357,1382]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.29" pageId="6" pageNumber="954" unit="m" value="129.0">
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<elevation id="0027252F8528FFB2FDECC80FFD6B3952" box="[577,647,1357,1382]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.29" pageId="6" pageNumber="954" unit="m" value="129.0">129 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
in depth, collected by the
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1B5AD98528FFB2FC15C80FFC2B3952" box="[952,967,1357,1382]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="954">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1B5AD98528FFB2FC63C80FFC323952" box="[974,990,1357,1382]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="6" pageNumber="954" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8528FFB2FC48C80FFBCF3952" box="[997,1059,1357,1382]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="954">Kaisei</emphasis>
|
||||
, fixed in 99% ethanol,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1B5AD98528FFB2FE97C82DFEA439BC" box="[314,328,1391,1416]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="954">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
=
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF26FF98528FFB2FEC5C82DFE2139BC" box="[360,461,1391,1416]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.12" pageId="6" pageNumber="954" unit="mm" value="61.2">61.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, r =
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF26FF98528FFB2FE52C82DFD8839BC" box="[511,612,1391,1416]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.52" pageId="6" pageNumber="954" unit="mm" value="25.2">25.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31091978528FFB2FF0DC8F6FD7F3A6C" pageId="6" pageNumber="954" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8528FFB2FF0DC8F6FD7F3A6C" blockId="6.[160,1155,1460,1624]" pageId="6" pageNumber="954">
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<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8528FFB2FF0DC8F6FEF639FA" bold="true" box="[160,282,1460,1486]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="954">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||||
R/r <3; rectangular carinal abactinal plates as narrow as or narrower than length; lateral abactinal series extends to more than one-half of R; interradial superomarginals widest, decreasing in size distally; inferomarginal plates bear granules and 1–4 leaf-shaped spines; actinal plates bear granules, spines, and no pedicellariae; each adambulacral plate bears 4–6 furrow spines.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31091978528FFB3FF0DCBC6FD24392B" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="955" pageId="6" pageNumber="954" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8528FFB3FF0DCBC6FD6A3EB8" blockId="6.[160,1155,1668,1728]" lastBlockId="7.[160,1156,142,1311]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="955" pageId="6" pageNumber="954">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8528FFB2FF0DCBC6FEC13AAA" bold="true" box="[160,301,1668,1694]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="954">Description.</emphasis>
|
||||
Body stellate, flat (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998528FFB2FDA8CBC7FD833AAA" box="[517,623,1669,1694]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1072,1095]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1040]" captionTargetId="figure-125@6.[163,1153,142,1041]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Paragonaster obutsus, OMNH-Iv 10661. A, Whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758080" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758080/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="954">Figure 2A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Arms five, broad proximally, gradually tapering to arm tips. R/r 2.4. Abactinal surface densely covered with numerous abactinal paxillae comprising abactinal plates, granules, and spines. Abactinal plates of
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D0C09958529FFB3FC6FCDCCFBDA3C93" box="[962,1078,142,167]" count="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="955" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
|
||||
: larger carinal and slightly smaller lateral abactinal. Lateral abactinal plates mostly hexalobate, with tabulate paxillar columns, arranged in 9–10 regular longitudinal series on each side of arm (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998529FFB3FF0ACDB4FEC03D3B" box="[167,300,246,271]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1072,1095]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1040]" captionTargetId="figure-125@6.[163,1153,142,1041]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Paragonaster obutsus, OMNH-Iv 10661. A, Whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758080" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758080/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Figure 2A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Paxillar columns are narrower than spaces between neighbouring columns. Adradial-most lateral abactinal series longest, extending to 56% of R. Carinal abactinal plates on proximal 58% of R, hexagonal with tabulate paxillar columns and those on distal 42% rectangular with cylindrical to prismatic paxillar columns. Carinal abactinal plates are arranged in one regular longitudinal series extending to arm tip, wedged between two superomarginal series in distal 44% of R. Hexagonal carinal abactinal plates as narrow as length and gradually increase in width towards first rectangular plates. Rectangular carinal abactinal plates narrower than length, gradually decreasing in width distally. Lateral and carinal abactinal plates bear mushroom-shaped granules on paxillae centre and conical spines on paxillae margin (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998529FFB3FE60CF6CFDDB3E73" box="[461,567,558,583]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1072,1095]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1040]" captionTargetId="figure-125@6.[163,1153,142,1041]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Paragonaster obutsus, OMNH-Iv 10661. A, Whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758080" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758080/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Figure 2C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Papular areas mostly contain one papula, every six surrounding one lateral abactinal plate. Madreporite single, round, convex, with radiated tortuous grooves, located at interradial disc.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8529FFB3FF6DCFD4FE9F3F96" blockId="7.[160,1156,142,1311]" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">
|
||||
Supero- and inferomarginal plates transversely elongated, rectangular with oblong to oval ridges and arranged in longitudinal series along body margin (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998529FFB3FC7CCFFBFF413EC0" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1072,1095]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1040]" captionTargetId="figure-125@6.[163,1153,142,1041]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Paragonaster obutsus, OMNH-Iv 10661. A, Whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758080" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758080/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Figure 2A, B, D, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Superomarginal- and inferomarginal series comprises 88 plates per interradius, no odd plates, gradually decreasing width distally (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998529FFB3FD5ECFBCFC603F23" box="[755,908,766,791]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1072,1095]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1040]" captionTargetId="figure-125@6.[163,1153,142,1041]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Paragonaster obutsus, OMNH-Iv 10661. A, Whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758080" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758080/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Figure 2A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Fascicular grooves narrow, shorter than ridges of neighbouring supero- and inferomarginal plates (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998529FFB3FF05CE01FED53F68" box="[168,313,835,860]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1072,1095]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1040]" captionTargetId="figure-125@6.[163,1153,142,1041]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Paragonaster obutsus, OMNH-Iv 10661. A, Whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758080" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758080/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Figure 2B, D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Supero- and inferomarginal plates covered with mushroom-shaped to clavate granules and proximal to distal inferomarginal plates also bear 1–4 leaf-shaped spines (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998529FFB3FF54CECBFE893F96" box="[249,357,905,930]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1072,1095]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1040]" captionTargetId="figure-125@6.[163,1153,142,1041]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Paragonaster obutsus, OMNH-Iv 10661. A, Whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758080" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758080/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Figure 2E</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8529FFB3FF6DCEE9FBD6383E" blockId="7.[160,1156,142,1311]" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">
|
||||
Actinal plates oval, convex and arranged in 5–6 longitudinal series (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998529FFB3FC18CEE9FBCE3FF0" box="[949,1058,939,964]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1072,1095]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1040]" captionTargetId="figure-125@6.[163,1153,142,1041]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Paragonaster obutsus, OMNH-Iv 10661. A, Whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758080" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758080/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Figure 2D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Actinal series are confined within 53% of R. Each actinal plate bears mushroom-shaped to clavate granules; most bear one major leaf-shaped spine (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998529FFB3FD7BCEB3FCD3383E" box="[726,831,1009,1034]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1072,1095]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1040]" captionTargetId="figure-125@6.[163,1153,142,1041]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Paragonaster obutsus, OMNH-Iv 10661. A, Whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758080" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758080/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Figure 2E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Pedicellariae absent.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8529FFB3FF6DC951FD4B38A0" blockId="7.[160,1156,142,1311]" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">
|
||||
Adambulacral plates rhomboid and arranged in one longitudinal series along ambulacral furrow (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998529FFB3FE92C974FE26387B" box="[319,458,1078,1103]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1072,1095]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1040]" captionTargetId="figure-125@6.[163,1153,142,1041]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Paragonaster obutsus, OMNH-Iv 10661. A, Whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758080" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758080/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Figure 2D, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Adambulacral series comprises 42 plates, extending to arm tips. Each adambulacral plate bears 4–5 furrow spines, arranged in a longitudinal curved series and 10–14 minor subambulacral spines.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8529FFB3FF6DC9DCFF0A38C8" blockId="7.[160,1156,142,1311]" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">
|
||||
Each pair of oral plates, forming the jaw, bears one unpaired oral spine on its proximal edge (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998529FFB3FF47C983FEBA38EE" box="[234,342,1217,1242]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1072,1095]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1040]" captionTargetId="figure-125@6.[163,1153,142,1041]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Paragonaster obutsus, OMNH-Iv 10661. A, Whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758080" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758080/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Figure 2F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Each oral plate bears 14–17 oral spines arranged in two longitudinal series.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8529FFB3FF6DC844FD24392B" blockId="7.[160,1156,142,1311]" box="[192,712,1286,1311]" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Tube feet biserial, ending with suckered discs.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31091978529FFB3FF0DC809FDFE3A26" pageId="7" pageNumber="955" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8529FFB3FF0DC809FDFE3A26" blockId="7.[160,1156,1355,1554]" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8529FFB3FF0DC809FEDF3951" bold="true" box="[160,307,1355,1381]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8529FFB3FEEEC80EFDDD3951" baseAuthorityName="Hayashi" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[323,561,1356,1381]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="7" pageNumber="955" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="obtusus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8529FFB3FEEEC80EFDDD3951" box="[323,561,1356,1381]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Paragonaster obtusus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is only recorded from Japanese waters: Pacific side, Sagami Bay (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8529FFB3FE80C82DFE3C39BC" author="Hayashi R" box="[301,464,1391,1416]" pageId="7" pageNumber="955" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref6811" refString="Hayashi R. 1973 a. Seven new species of asteroids from Sagami, Bay. Journal of the College of Liberal Arts, Toyama University, Natural Science. 5: 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1973">Hayashi 1973a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8529FFB3FE70C82DFDCE39BC" author="Hayashi R" box="[477,546,1391,1416]" pageId="7" pageNumber="955" refId="ref6847" refString="Hayashi R. 1973 b. The sea-stars of Sagami Bay. Tokyo: Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household." type="book" year="1973">1973b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); Uraga Strait (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8529FFB3FD6BC82DFC5E39BC" author="Saba M & Fujita T" box="[710,946,1391,1416]" pageId="7" pageNumber="955" pagination="251 - 287" refId="ref7270" refString="Saba M, Fujita T. 2006. Asteroidea (Echinodermata) from the Sagami Sea, Central Japan. 1. Paxillosida and valvatida. Mem Natn Sci Nature Sci. 41: 251 - 287." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C8529FFB3FD6BC82DFD1239BC" box="[710,766,1391,1416]" name="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Saba</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and Fujita 2006
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); off Choshi, Chiba Prefecture (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8529FFB3FE8FC8D3FE76399E" author="Saba M" box="[290,410,1425,1450]" pageId="7" pageNumber="955" pagination="381 - 389" refId="ref7231" refString="Saba M. 2000. Asteroidea. In: Natural history of chiba prefecture. Vol. 7. Chiba: The Foundation of Chiba Prefecture for the Study of Historical Materials; p. 381 - 389." type="book chapter" year="2000">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C8529FFB3FE8FC8D3FEB6399E" box="[290,346,1425,1450]" name="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Saba</collectingCountry>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); and Sea of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C8529FFB3FD98C8D3FD9B399E" box="[565,631,1425,1450]" name="Japan" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
side,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CE0CFE8529FFB3FD16C8D3FCFF399E" box="[699,787,1425,1450]" country="Japan" name="Toyama" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Toyama</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Bay (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8529FFB3FCF9C8D3FC16399E" author="Hayashi R" box="[852,1018,1425,1450]" pageId="7" pageNumber="955" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref6811" refString="Hayashi R. 1973 a. Seven new species of asteroids from Sagami, Bay. Journal of the College of Liberal Arts, Toyama University, Natural Science. 5: 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1973">Hayashi 1973a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8529FFB3FBA4C8D3FBA3399E" author="Hayashi R" box="[1033,1103,1425,1450]" pageId="7" pageNumber="955" refId="ref6847" refString="Hayashi R. 1973 b. The sea-stars of Sagami Bay. Tokyo: Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household." type="book" year="1973">1973b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); off Togi,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CE0CFE8529FFB3FF72C8F6FE5639F9" box="[223,442,1460,1485]" country="Japan" name="Ishikawa" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Ishikawa Prefecture</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8529FFB3FE6AC8F6FD0039F9" author="Kohtsuka H & Ogiso S" box="[455,748,1460,1485]" pageId="7" pageNumber="955" pagination="255 - 267" refId="ref6968" refString="Kohtsuka H, Ogiso S. 2018. Echinodermata collected by the trawl fishery Togi, Ishikawa, Japan. Bulletin of the Hoshizaki Green Foundation 21: 255 - 267." type="journal article" year="2018">Kohtsuka and Ogiso 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); off
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CE0CFE8529FFB3FC8AC8F6FC1E39F9" box="[807,1010,1460,1485]" country="Japan" name="Niigata" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Niigata Prefecture</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8529FFB3FC52C8F6FB9A39F9" author="Saba M" box="[1023,1142,1460,1485]" pageId="7" pageNumber="955" pagination="381 - 389" refId="ref7231" refString="Saba M. 2000. Asteroidea. In: Natural history of chiba prefecture. Vol. 7. Chiba: The Foundation of Chiba Prefecture for the Study of Historical Materials; p. 381 - 389." type="book chapter" year="2000">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C8529FFB3FC52C8F6FBDB39F9" box="[1023,1079,1460,1485]" name="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Saba</collectingCountry>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); off Maizuru, Kyoto (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8529FFB3FE38C895FDF939C4" author="Saba M" box="[405,533,1495,1520]" pageId="7" pageNumber="955" pagination="381 - 389" refId="ref7231" refString="Saba M. 2000. Asteroidea. In: Natural history of chiba prefecture. Vol. 7. Chiba: The Foundation of Chiba Prefecture for the Study of Historical Materials; p. 381 - 389." type="book chapter" year="2000">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C8529FFB3FE38C895FE2339C4" box="[405,463,1495,1520]" name="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Saba</collectingCountry>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); north-west of Yamaguchi Prefecture (this study). Bathymetric range is
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF26FF98529FFB3FE22C8BBFDE23A26" box="[399,526,1529,1554]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.795" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.29" pageId="7" pageNumber="955" unit="m" value="179.5" valueMax="230.0" valueMin="129.0">
|
||||
129–
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D0C09958529FFB3FE6EC8BBFDE23A26" box="[451,526,1529,1554]" count="230" pageId="7" pageNumber="955" type="generic">230 m</specimenCount>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31091978529FFBCFF0DCB7CFF043CD9" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="956" pageId="7" pageNumber="955" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C8529FFBCFF0DCB7CFF043CD9" blockId="7.[160,1155,1598,1728]" lastBlockId="8.[160,1156,142,237]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="956" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8529FFB3FF0DCB7CFEE03A6C" bold="true" box="[160,268,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||||
This specimen is identified as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8529FFB3FDCBCB7DFD3F3A6C" baseAuthorityName="Hayashi" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[614,723,1599,1624]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="7" pageNumber="955" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="obtusus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8529FFB3FDCBCB7DFD3F3A6C" box="[614,723,1599,1624]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">P. obtusus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on the following morphological characteristics: R/r is less than 3; lateral abactinal series extends to more than one-half of R (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE998529FFB3FF12CBC7FEC03AAA" box="[191,300,1669,1694]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1072,1095]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1040]" captionTargetId="figure-125@6.[163,1153,142,1041]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 2. Paragonaster obutsus, OMNH-Iv 10661. A, Whole body, abactinal (top) and actinal (bottom) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; D, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; E, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; F, denuded actinal surface of a jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal abactinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–F = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758080" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758080/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Figure 2C</figureCitation>
|
||||
); superomarginal plates gradually decrease in width towards arm tips. This species was originally described as the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8529FFB3FD1DCBE5FCB83AF4" baseAuthorityName="Fisher" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[688,852,1703,1728]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Pseudarchaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="7" pageNumber="955" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8529FFB3FD1DCBE5FCB83AF4" box="[688,852,1703,1728]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Pseudarchaster</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; however,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED8529FFBCFC7ECBE5FF0A3C93" author="Saba M & Fujita T" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="956" pageId="7" pageNumber="955" pagination="251 - 287" refId="ref7270" refString="Saba M, Fujita T. 2006. Asteroidea (Echinodermata) from the Sagami Sea, Central Japan. 1. Paxillosida and valvatida. Mem Natn Sci Nature Sci. 41: 251 - 287." type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C8529FFB3FC7ECBE5FBE53AF4" box="[979,1033,1703,1728]" name="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" pageId="7" pageNumber="955">Saba</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and Fujita (2006)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
considered the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8526FFBCFE40CDCCFD923C93" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[493,638,142,167]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8526FFBCFE40CDCCFD923C93" box="[493,638,142,167]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">Paragonaster</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on no lateral abactinal series reaching arm tips. This paper extends the distributional range for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F8526FFBCFC86CDF3FC773CFE" baseAuthorityName="Hayashi" baseAuthorityYear="1973" box="[811,923,177,202]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Paragonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="8" pageNumber="956" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="obtusus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E8526FFBCFC86CDF3FC773CFE" box="[811,923,177,202]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">P. obtusus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to western Honshu,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C8526FFBCFF0DCD96FF083CD9" box="[160,228,212,237]" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="956">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
310
data/03/A3/73/03A3730A852CFFB1FE60CB0DFE683ECB.xml
Normal file
310
data/03/A3/73/03A3730A852CFFB1FE60CB0DFE683ECB.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,310 @@
|
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<mods:title id="3152CD7961E7C83ED1005BC1E88FE306">Pseudarchasteridae (Asteroidea: Paxillosida) in Japanese waters, with description of a new species and range extension of three species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BDC6D77C7EB4CE3D3169C0907FBB7A4D">Kobayashi, Itaru</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="ADA13049715378B9E2227FB1F7F80A03">Misaki Marine Biological Station, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Kanagawa, Japan;</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="06C0FB73D7BB0A303F336800679652E2">Sonoyama, Takayuki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2690781C9EF70F9E4208E6BE387A87AD">Enoshima Aquarium, Kanagawa, Japan;</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="3F9A4C0965394D615735204D29176EFF">Hibino, Mai</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1B74B908EAEE442221007572D72B2E97">Marine Science Museum, Fukushima Prefecture, Aquamarine Fukushima, Fukushima, Japan;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9531C79F25C37B68BB2C8D6E67A93D95">Kawano, Mitsuhisa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AEDEF8723DCCED1B0A9010E8B62EA865">Japan Sea Division, Yamaguchi Prefectural Fisheries Research Centre, Yamaguchi, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="12A7BC9E7014465C5DA38B430482027E">Kohtsuka, Hisanori</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="990CF6E3852E4C832A85B1037E638D64">Misaki Marine Biological Station, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Kanagawa, Japan;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:part id="02B958F29F4B85BE14297C0B972458D3">
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<mods:date id="24B9DBF15897C85B91A32DDAB008BF13">2024</mods:date>
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|
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<subSubSection id="C3109197852CFFB7FE60CB0DFD203C9D" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="951" pageId="2" pageNumber="950" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852CFFB6FE60CB0DFCBA3A5E" blockId="2.[461,854,1615,1642]" box="[461,854,1615,1642]" pageId="2" pageNumber="950">
|
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<heading id="D0FD7570852CFFB6FE60CB0DFCBA3A5E" box="[461,854,1615,1642]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="950" reason="5">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F852CFFB6FE60CB0DFCBA3A5E" ID-CoL="3FTQ3" authority="(Fisher 1905)" baseAuthorityName="Fisher" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[461,854,1615,1642]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Gephyreaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="2" pageNumber="950" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="swifti">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852CFFB6FE60CB0DFD5C3A5E" box="[461,688,1615,1642]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="950">Gephyreaster swifti</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED852CFFB6FD13CB0DFCA23A5E" author="Fisher WK" box="[702,846,1615,1642]" pageId="2" pageNumber="950" pagination="291 - 320" refId="ref6601" refString="Fisher WK. 1905. New starfishes from deep water off California and Alaska. Bull Fish Sci. 24: 291 - 320." type="journal article" year="1905">Fisher 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852CFFB7FE06CBC7FD203C9D" blockId="2.[427,920,1669,1694]" lastBlockId="3.[599,716,142,169]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="951" pageId="2" pageNumber="950">
|
||||
[New Japanese name: Daiou-momiji-hitode] (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE99852DFFB7FDF2CDCCFD283C9D" box="[607,708,142,169]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1338,1361]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Gephyreaster swifti, NSMT E-14747. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, denuded abactinal surface of distal portion of arm; D, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; E, denuded supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; F, supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; G, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; H, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; I, abactinal surface of an extracted jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–I = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758078/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3109197852DFFB7FF0DCDA4FB6F3D16" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852DFFB7FF0DCDA4FDCC3CCB" blockId="3.[160,1155,230,290]" box="[160,544,230,255]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1AE532852DFFB7FF0DCDA4FDCC3CCB" box="[160,544,230,255]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AABE40D852DFFB7FF0DCDA4FDCC3CCB" author="Fisher WK" box="[160,544,230,255]" page="301" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" year="1905">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F852DFFB7FF0DCDA4FDCC3CCB" ID-CoL="6RKM3" authority="Fisher 1905, p. 301" authorityName="Fisher" authorityPageNumber="301" authorityYear="1905" box="[160,544,230,255]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Mimaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="swifti">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852DFFB7FF0DCDA4FEAA3CCB" box="[160,326,230,255]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Mimaster swifti</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED852DFFB7FEE0CDA4FE223CCB" author="Fisher WK" box="[333,462,230,255]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" pagination="291 - 320" refId="ref6601" refString="Fisher WK. 1905. New starfishes from deep water off California and Alaska. Bull Fish Sci. 24: 291 - 320." type="journal article" year="1905">Fisher 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, p. 301
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852DFFB7FF0DCC4BFB6F3D16" blockId="3.[160,1155,230,290]" box="[160,1155,265,290]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1AE532852DFFB7FF0DCC4BFB6F3D16" box="[160,1155,265,290]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F852DFFB7FF0DCC4BFE823D16" ID-CoL="3FTQ3" baseAuthorityName="Fisher" baseAuthorityYear="1905" box="[160,366,265,290]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Gephyreaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="swifti">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852DFFB7FF0DCC4BFE823D16" box="[160,366,265,290]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Gephyreaster swifti</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
– Fisher 1910: 171; 1911: 175;
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AABE40D852DFFB7FD68CC4BFC743D16" author="Djakonov AM" box="[709,920,265,290]" page="43" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" year="1950">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED852DFFB7FD68CC4BFC743D16" author="Djakonov AM" box="[709,920,265,290]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" pagination="1 - 203" refId="ref6528" refString="Djakonov AM. 1950. Sea stars (asteroids) of the USSR seas. Keys to the fauna of the U. S. S. R. 34: 1 - 203. (In Russian)." type="journal article" year="1950">Djakonov 1950: 43</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
; Baranova, 1957: 159
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3109197852DFFB7FF0DCC1FFC663D88" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852DFFB7FF0DCC1FFC663D88" blockId="3.[160,1156,349,444]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852DFFB7FF0DCC1FFE6A3D43" bold="true" box="[160,390,349,375]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B62C841852DFFB7FE38CC1CFC6A3D88" collectingDate="2022-07-25" collectionCode="NSMT, R" country="Japan" elevation="660" latitude="44.0695" location="Nemuro Strait" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="145.3202" municipality="Sea of Okhotsk" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1B5AD9852DFFB7FE38CC1CFE3A3D43" box="[405,470,350,375]" country="Japan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/f678-ci92" name="National Science Museum (Natural History)" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">NSMT</collectionCode>
|
||||
E-14747,
|
||||
<date id="FFB4E4DC852DFFB7FDE9CC1CFD3E3D43" box="[580,722,350,375]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" value="2022-07-25">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFF01D34852DFFB7FDE9CC1CFD3E3D43" box="[580,722,350,375]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" value="2022-07-25">25 July 2022</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8ED594C7852DFFB7FD70CC1CFC903D43" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A3730A852CFFB1FE60CB0DFE683ECB:8ED594C7852DFFB7FD70CC1CFC903D43" box="[733,892,350,375]" country="Japan" latitude="44.0695" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="145.3202" municipality="Sea of Okhotsk" name="Nemuro Strait" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Nemuro Strait</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD15866852DFFB7FC2ACC1CFBDE3D43" box="[903,1074,350,375]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Sea of Okhotsk</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C852DFFB7FB91CC1CFB6C3D43" box="[1084,1152,350,375]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3EA4DB852DFFB7FF0DCCC3FEF83DAE" box="[160,276,385,410]" degrees="44.0695" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" precision="5" value="44.0695">44.0695°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE3EA4DB852DFFB7FEB2CCC3FE713DAE" box="[287,413,385,410]" degrees="145.3202" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" precision="5" value="145.3202">145.3202°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF26FF9852DFFB7FE0ACCC3FDC93DAE" box="[423,549,385,410]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="5.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" unit="m" value="660.0" valueMax="750.0" valueMin="570.0">
|
||||
<elevation id="0027252F852DFFB7FE0ACCC3FDC93DAE" box="[423,549,385,410]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="5.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" unit="m" value="660.0" valueMax="750.0" valueMin="570.0">570–750 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
in depth, collected by the fishing boat
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852DFFB7FC4ACCC3FB923DAE" box="[999,1150,385,410]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Houyuu-maru</emphasis>
|
||||
, frozen and later fixed in 99% ethanol,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED1B5AD9852DFFB7FDE2CCE1FDB13D88" box="[591,605,419,444]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">R</collectionCode>
|
||||
= 152.0 mm, r =
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF26FF9852DFFB7FC8CCCE1FC6A3D88" box="[801,902,419,444]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.88" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" unit="mm" value="58.8">58.8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3109197852DFFB7FF0DCCBAFE523E26" box="[160,446,504,530]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852DFFB7FF0DCCBAFE523E26" blockId="3.[160,446,504,530]" box="[160,446,504,530]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852DFFB7FF0DCCBAFEF63E26" bold="true" box="[160,282,504,530]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||||
As for genus.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3109197852DFFB7FF0DCF0FFD2439D8" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852DFFB7FF0DCF0FFC273FAB" blockId="3.[160,1156,589,1516]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852DFFB7FF0DCF0FFEC13E53" bold="true" box="[160,301,589,615]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Description.</emphasis>
|
||||
Body stellate, flat. Arms five, broad proximally, gradually tapering to arm tips (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE99852DFFB7FF0ACF33FEFC3EBE" box="[167,272,625,650]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1338,1361]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Gephyreaster swifti, NSMT E-14747. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, denuded abactinal surface of distal portion of arm; D, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; E, denuded supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; F, supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; G, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; H, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; I, abactinal surface of an extracted jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–I = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758078/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Figure 1A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). R/r 2.6. Abactinal surface covered with numerous abactinal paxillae comprising abactinal plates and spines. Carinal abactinal plates indiscernible from lateral abactinal plates. Abactinal plates mostly hexalobate, with tabulate paxillar columns narrower than spaces between neighbouring ridges, arranged in 15–16 regular longitudinal series (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE99852DFFB7FF0ACFB9FEDE3F20" box="[167,306,763,788]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1338,1361]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Gephyreaster swifti, NSMT E-14747. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, denuded abactinal surface of distal portion of arm; D, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; E, denuded supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; F, supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; G, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; H, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; I, abactinal surface of an extracted jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–I = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758078/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Figure 1A, B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Abactinal series gradually irregular towards arm tip, but traces of two or three midradial series extend to arm tip (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE99852DFFB7FDF6CE5CFD2F3F03" box="[603,707,798,823]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1338,1361]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Gephyreaster swifti, NSMT E-14747. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, denuded abactinal surface of distal portion of arm; D, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; E, denuded supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; F, supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; G, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; H, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; I, abactinal surface of an extracted jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–I = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758078/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Figure 1C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Abactinal plates bear hourglass-shaped spines on paxillae centre and conical spines on paxillae margin (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE99852DFFB7FCC3CE03FC363F6E" box="[878,986,833,858]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1338,1361]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Gephyreaster swifti, NSMT E-14747. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, denuded abactinal surface of distal portion of arm; D, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; E, denuded supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; F, supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; G, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; H, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; I, abactinal surface of an extracted jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–I = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758078/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Figure 1D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Papular areas mostly contain 1–4 papulae, every six surrounding one abactinal plate. Madreporite single, round, convex, with radiated tortuous grooves, located at interradial disc.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852DFFB7FF6DCEEBFC3138A6" blockId="3.[160,1156,589,1516]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">
|
||||
Supero- and inferomarginal plates paxilliform, longitudinally and transversely elongated, respectively and arranged in longitudinal series (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE99852DFFB7FC8FCE89FC613FD0" box="[802,909,971,996]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1338,1361]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Gephyreaster swifti, NSMT E-14747. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, denuded abactinal surface of distal portion of arm; D, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; E, denuded supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; F, supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; G, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; H, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; I, abactinal surface of an extracted jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–I = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758078/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Figure 1E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Supero- and inferomarginal series comprise 108 plates per interradius, no odd plates, gradually decreasing width distally. Inferomarginal plates projected farther laterally than superomarginal plates, fringing body margin. Marginal fascicular grooves as long as or longer than ridges of neighbouring supero- and inferomarginal plates. Supero- and inferomarginal plates bear conical to clavate spines on ridges, without major spines (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE99852DFFB7FCCAC93BFC3C38A6" box="[871,976,1145,1170]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1338,1361]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Gephyreaster swifti, NSMT E-14747. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, denuded abactinal surface of distal portion of arm; D, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; E, denuded supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; F, supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; G, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; H, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; I, abactinal surface of an extracted jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–I = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758078/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Figure 1F</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852DFFB7FF6DC9D9FC1338CE" blockId="3.[160,1156,589,1516]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">
|
||||
Actinal plates rectangular, flat and arranged in oblique transverse series between each pair of inferomarginal and adambulacral plates (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE99852DFFB7FD19C9FCFCCC38E3" box="[692,800,1214,1239]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1338,1361]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Gephyreaster swifti, NSMT E-14747. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, denuded abactinal surface of distal portion of arm; D, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; E, denuded supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; F, supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; G, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; H, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; I, abactinal surface of an extracted jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–I = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758078/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Figure 1G</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The actinal series extends 93% of R. Each actinal plate bears clavate spines (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE99852DFFB7FD3AC9A3FCE938CE" box="[663,773,1249,1274]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1338,1361]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Gephyreaster swifti, NSMT E-14747. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, denuded abactinal surface of distal portion of arm; D, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; E, denuded supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; F, supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; G, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; H, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; I, abactinal surface of an extracted jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–I = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758078/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Figure 1H</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Pedicellariae absent.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852DFFB7FF6DC841FBBB3956" blockId="3.[160,1156,589,1516]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">
|
||||
Adambulacral plates transversely elongated rectangular and arranged in one longitudinal series along ambulacral furrow (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE99852DFFB7FDC2C864FD32390B" box="[623,734,1318,1343]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1338,1361]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Gephyreaster swifti, NSMT E-14747. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, denuded abactinal surface of distal portion of arm; D, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; E, denuded supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; F, supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; G, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; H, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; I, abactinal surface of an extracted jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–I = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758078/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Figure 1G</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Each adambulacral plate bears 2–3 furrow spines arranged in oblique longitudinal series and 4–9 subambulacral spines.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852DFFB7FF6DC829FE9939FE" blockId="3.[160,1156,589,1516]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">
|
||||
Each pair of oral plates, forming the jaw, bears one unpaired oral spine on its proximal edge (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE99852DFFB7FF46C8CCFEBD3993" box="[235,337,1422,1447]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1338,1361]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Gephyreaster swifti, NSMT E-14747. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, denuded abactinal surface of distal portion of arm; D, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; E, denuded supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; F, supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; G, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; H, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; I, abactinal surface of an extracted jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–I = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758078/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Figure 1I</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Each oral plate bears 48–66 oral spines arranged in irregular or 3–4 longitudinal series.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852DFFB7FF6DC891FD2439D8" blockId="3.[160,1156,589,1516]" box="[192,712,1491,1516]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Tube feet biserial, ending with suckered discs.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3109197852DFFB7FF0DCB6AFBDB3A9E" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852DFFB7FF0DCB6AFBDB3A9E" blockId="3.[160,1157,1576,1706]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852DFFB7FF0DCB6AFED93A76" bold="true" box="[160,309,1576,1602]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||||
Off
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CE0CFE852DFFB7FEDFCB6BFE113A76" box="[370,509,1577,1602]" country="United States of America" name="Washington" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Washington</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C852DFFB7FDA1CB6BFDD73A76" box="[524,571,1577,1602]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED852DFFB7FDE1CB6BFD383A76" author="Fisher WK" box="[588,724,1577,1602]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" pagination="1 - 420" refId="ref6626" refString="Fisher WK. 1911. Asteroidea of the North Pacific and adjacent waters. Part I. Phanerozonia and Spinulosa. Bull US National Mus. 76: 1 - 420." type="journal article" year="1911">Fisher 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CE0CFE852DFFB7FD40CB6BFC423A76" box="[749,942,1577,1602]" country="Canada" name="British Columbia" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">British Columbia</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C852DFFB7FC10CB6BFBFD3A76" box="[957,1041,1577,1602]" name="Canada" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED852DFFB7FB8ECB6BFF343A50" author="Lambert P" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" refId="ref7000" refString="Lambert P. 2000. Sea stars of British Columbia, Southeast Alaska, and puget sound. Vancouver: UBC Press in Collaboration with the Royal British Columbia Museum." type="book" year="2000">Lambert 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); Stephens Passage,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49CE0CFE852DFFB7FE78CB09FDCD3A50" box="[469,545,1611,1636]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Alaska</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C852DFFB7FD82CB09FDB23A50" box="[559,606,1611,1636]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED852DFFB7FDDCCB09FD173A50" author="Fisher WK" box="[625,763,1611,1636]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" pagination="291 - 320" refId="ref6601" refString="Fisher WK. 1905. New starfishes from deep water off California and Alaska. Bull Fish Sci. 24: 291 - 320." type="journal article" year="1905">Fisher 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); adjacent waters of Attu Island, Aleutian Island,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C852DFFB7FEF5CB2CFE6B3AB3" box="[344,391,1646,1671]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED852DFFB7FE3ACB2CFDF03AB3" author="Fisher WK" box="[407,540,1646,1671]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" pagination="1 - 420" refId="ref6626" refString="Fisher WK. 1911. Asteroidea of the North Pacific and adjacent waters. Part I. Phanerozonia and Spinulosa. Bull US National Mus. 76: 1 - 420." type="journal article" year="1911">Fisher 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); Olyutorskii Bay, Bering Sea,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C852DFFB7FCD9CB2CFC553AB3" box="[884,953,1646,1671]" name="Russia" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED852DFFB7FC64CB2CFB9A3AB3" author="Djakonov AM" box="[969,1142,1646,1671]" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" pagination="1 - 203" refId="ref6528" refString="Djakonov AM. 1950. Sea stars (asteroids) of the USSR seas. Keys to the fauna of the U. S. S. R. 34: 1 - 203. (In Russian)." type="journal article" year="1950">Djakonov 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); Nemuro Strait, Sea of Okhotsk,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F31D828C852DFFB7FDADCBD3FDAE3A9E" box="[512,578,1681,1706]" name="Japan" pageId="3" pageNumber="951">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(this study). Bathymetric range is
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF26FF9852DFFB7FC6FCBD3FBDF3A9E" box="[962,1075,1681,1706]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8049999999999997" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="0.11" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" unit="m" value="380.5" valueMax="750.0" valueMin="11.0">
|
||||
11–
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D0C0995852DFFB7FC48CBD3FBDF3A9E" box="[997,1075,1681,1706]" count="750" pageId="3" pageNumber="951" type="generic">750 m</specimenCount>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="DF759294852AFFB0FF0DC878FCBA3A2B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758078" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758078/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="952" startId="4.[160,225,1338,1361]" targetBox="[163,1153,142,1307]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852AFFB0FF0DC878FCBA3A2B" blockId="4.[160,1156,1338,1567]" pageId="4" pageNumber="952">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852AFFB0FF0DC878FF153965" bold="true" box="[160,249,1338,1361]" pageId="4" pageNumber="952">Figure 1.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F852AFFB0FF52C878FE143965" authority=", NSMT" authorityName="NSMT" box="[255,504,1338,1361]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Gephyreaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="4" pageNumber="952" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="swifti">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852AFFB0FF52C878FE5F3965" box="[255,435,1338,1361]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="952">Gephyreaster swifti</emphasis>
|
||||
, NSMT
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
E-14747. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, denuded abactinal surface of distal portion of arm; D, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; E, denuded supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; F, supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; G, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; H, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; I, abactinal surface of an extracted jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–I = 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3109197852BFFB1FF0DCDCCFD693CFF" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852BFFB1FF0DCDCCFD693CFF" blockId="5.[160,1155,142,203]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852BFFB1FF0DCDCCFDE13C9C" bold="true" box="[160,525,142,168]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Etymology of Japanese name.</emphasis>
|
||||
The Japanese name follows the generic name of the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F852BFFB1FF41CDF0FE963CFF" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1910" box="[236,378,178,203]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Gephyreaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852BFFB1FF41CDF0FE963CFF" box="[236,378,178,203]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Gephyreaster</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
proposed in this study.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3109197852BFFB1FF0DCC42FE683ECB" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852BFFB1FF0DCC42FEEA3D2E" blockId="5.[160,1156,256,767]" box="[160,262,256,282]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852BFFB1FF0DCC42FEEA3D2E" bold="true" box="[160,262,256,282]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852BFFB1FF0DCC66FCE03DDE" blockId="5.[160,1156,256,767]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">
|
||||
The genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F852BFFB1FEB6CC66FE453D09" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1910" box="[283,425,292,317]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Gephyreaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852BFFB1FEB6CC66FE453D09" box="[283,425,292,317]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Gephyreaster</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
shows close morphological affinities with two
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F852BFFB1FC19CC66FBC63D09" baseAuthorityName="Mah and Foltz" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[948,1066,292,317]" class="Asteroidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="order">Paxillosida</taxonomicName>
|
||||
genera,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F852BFFB1FF0DCC04FEF33D6B" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1916" box="[160,287,326,351]" class="Asteroidea" family="Astropectinidae" genus="Mimastrella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852BFFB1FF0DCC04FEF33D6B" box="[160,287,326,351]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Mimastrella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F852BFFB1FE81CC04FE0C3D6B" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1840" box="[300,480,326,351]" class="Asteroidea" family="Astropectinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Astropectinidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F852BFFB1FDB2CC04FD683D6B" authorityName="Perrier" authorityYear="1881" box="[543,644,326,351]" class="Asteroidea" family="Radiasteridae" genus="Radiaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852BFFB1FDB2CC04FD683D6B" box="[543,644,326,351]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Radiaster</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F852BFFB1FD3CCC04FCC23D6B" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1916" box="[657,814,326,351]" class="Asteroidea" family="Radiasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Radiasteridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and was considered an intermediate genus between these genera and the confamilial
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F852BFFB1FC92CC2BFB933DB6" authority="(Fisher 1911)" baseAuthorityName="Fisher" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[831,1151,361,386]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Pseudarchaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852BFFB1FC92CC2BFC0F3DB6" box="[831,995,361,386]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Pseudarchaster</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED852BFFB1FC5FCC2BFB9A3DB6" author="Fisher WK" box="[1010,1142,361,386]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" pagination="1 - 420" refId="ref6626" refString="Fisher WK. 1911. Asteroidea of the North Pacific and adjacent waters. Part I. Phanerozonia and Spinulosa. Bull US National Mus. 76: 1 - 420." type="journal article" year="1911">Fisher 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. However, our specimen distinctly differs from these genera by the following combination of morphological characters: suckered tube feet (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE99852BFFB1FD50CCECFC7B3DF3" box="[765,919,430,455]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1338,1361]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Gephyreaster swifti, NSMT E-14747. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, denuded abactinal surface of distal portion of arm; D, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; E, denuded supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; F, supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; G, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; H, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; I, abactinal surface of an extracted jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–I = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758078/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Figure 1A, H</figureCitation>
|
||||
), flat actinal plates (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE99852BFFB1FF05CC93FEF93DDE" box="[168,277,465,490]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1338,1361]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Gephyreaster swifti, NSMT E-14747. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, denuded abactinal surface of distal portion of arm; D, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; E, denuded supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; F, supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; G, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; H, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; I, abactinal surface of an extracted jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–I = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758078/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Figure 1G</figureCitation>
|
||||
), and paxilliform marginal plates (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE99852BFFB1FD3BCC93FD133DDE" box="[662,767,465,490]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1338,1361]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Gephyreaster swifti, NSMT E-14747. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, denuded abactinal surface of distal portion of arm; D, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; E, denuded supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; F, supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; G, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; H, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; I, abactinal surface of an extracted jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–I = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758078/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Figure 1E</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB5C21C852BFFB1FF6DCCB6FE683ECB" blockId="5.[160,1156,256,767]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">
|
||||
Notably, our specimen has inferomarginal plates that encroach upon the abactinal side (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1331DE99852BFFB1FF05CF54FEC13E1B" box="[168,301,534,559]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1338,1361]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[163,1153,142,1307]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 1. Gephyreaster swifti, NSMT E-14747. A, Live specimen, whole body, abactinal (left) and actinal (right) side; B, denuded abactinal surface of proximal portion of arm; C, denuded abactinal surface of distal portion of arm; D, abactinal surface of proximal portion of disc; E, denuded supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; F, supero- and inferomarginal plates of proximal portion of arm; G, denuded actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; H, actinal surface of interradii to proximal portion of arm; I, abactinal surface of an extracted jaw. Abbreviations: ad, adambulacral series; c, carinal series; i, inferomarginal series; o, oral plate; s, superomarginal series; t, tube feet; u, unpaired oral spine. Scale bars: A = 10 mm; B–I = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758078/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Figure 1A, E</figureCitation>
|
||||
), unlike the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B17CBE852BFFB1FE14CF54FDF13E1B" box="[441,541,534,559]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F852BFFB1FDEFCF54FCFC3E1B" box="[578,784,534,559]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Gephyreaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="swifti">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852BFFB1FDEFCF54FCFC3E1B" box="[578,784,534,559]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Gephyreaster swifti</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which has inferomarginal plates restricted to the actinal side (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF9BBFED852BFFB1FE41CF7BFD9C3E66" author="Fisher WK" box="[492,624,569,594]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" pagination="291 - 320" refId="ref6601" refString="Fisher WK. 1905. New starfishes from deep water off California and Alaska. Bull Fish Sci. 24: 291 - 320." type="journal article" year="1905">Fisher 1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). However, the remaining morphological characters of our specimen aligned with those of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B17CBE852BFFB1FD76CF1EFCAE3E41" box="[731,834,604,629]" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
. It is uncertain whether this morphological difference is an artefact because the specimen had a weakened and somewhat depressed abactinal body wall. This is the first occurrence record of the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0AB99F852BFFB1FF42CF86FE913EE9" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1910" box="[239,381,708,733]" class="Asteroidea" family="Pseudarchasteridae" genus="Gephyreaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="5" pageNumber="953" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B97E1E0E852BFFB1FF42CF86FE913EE9" box="[239,381,708,733]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="953">Gephyreaster</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from Japanese waters, extending the southern- and western-most distributional range.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
108
data/03/AB/87/03AB87D96B20FFD726B0CCC2C280945C.xml
Normal file
108
data/03/AB/87/03AB87D96B20FFD726B0CCC2C280945C.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
|
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<mods:identifier id="58E72CF96F71FB145234327A62CD1EE2" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2024.2373490</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="41EBA5829846AA62EFB4BCC453C1F5D0" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="8339CFAD40D10D571791AF516D416EBF" type="Zenodo-Dep">13758245</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03AB87D96B20FFD726B0CCC2C280945C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758243" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758243" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AB87D96B20FFD726B0CCC2C280945C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AB87D96B20FFD726B0CCC2C280945C" lastPageNumber="1179" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31865446B20FFD726B0CCC2C1EF9754" box="[413,902,1271,1298]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BBD36CF6B20FFD726B0CCC2C1EF9754" blockId="1.[413,902,1271,1298]" box="[413,902,1271,1298]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179">
|
||||
<heading id="D0F581A36B20FFD726B0CCC2C1EF9754" box="[413,902,1271,1298]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179" reason="5">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D4C6B20FFD726B0CCC2C1429754" authority="Womersley, 1961" authorityName="Womersley" authorityYear="1961" box="[413,811,1271,1298]" class="Arachnida" family="Diarthrophallidae" genus="Lombardiniella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="syn. n.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B976EADD6B20FFD726B0CCC2C0399754" box="[413,592,1271,1298]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179">Lombardiniella</emphasis>
|
||||
Womersley, 1961
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24557A66B20FFD7241ECCC2C1EF9754" box="[819,902,1271,1298]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B976EADD6B20FFD7241ECCC2C1099754" bold="true" box="[819,864,1271,1298]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179">syn</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B976EADD6B20FFD72442CCC2C1E99754" bold="true" box="[879,896,1271,1298]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179">n</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31865446B20FFD7278DCD05C36497C9" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BBD36CF6B20FFD7278DCD05C374970C" blockId="1.[160,1155,1328,1423]" box="[160,285,1328,1354]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B976EADD6B20FFD7278DCD05C374970C" bold="true" box="[160,285,1328,1354]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BBD36CF6B20FFD7278DCD61C36497C9" blockId="1.[160,1155,1328,1423]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B6A3C926B20FFD7278DCD61C36197C9" country="Australia" location="The" municipality="Hampton" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<location id="8EDD60146B20FFD7278DCD61C2A3972B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AB87D96B20FFD726B0CCC2C280945C:8EDD60146B20FFD7278DCD61C2A3972B" box="[160,202,1364,1389]" country="Australia" municipality="Hampton" name="The" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179">The</location>
|
||||
genus name is based on
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BD9ACB56B20FFD72520CD61C015972B" box="[525,636,1364,1389]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179">Hampton</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F315765F6B20FFD725A6CD61C09B972B" box="[651,754,1364,1389]" name="Australia" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, where the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B9886D6B20FFD724AACD61C1D3972B" box="[903,954,1364,1389]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimens were collected
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31865446B20FFD7278DCD8EC280945C" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179" type="type_taxon">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BBD36CF6B20FFD7278DCD8EC15D9793" blockId="1.[160,1156,1465,1562]" box="[160,820,1465,1493]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B976EADD6B20FFD7278DCD8EC32D9793" bold="true" box="[160,324,1465,1493]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54B9886D6B20FFD7278DCD8EC2BF9793" box="[160,214,1467,1493]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D4C6B20FFD72679CD89C1589793" authority="(Womersley, 1961)" baseAuthorityName="Womersley" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[340,817,1468,1493]" class="Arachnida" family="Diarthrophallidae" genus="Hamptonilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lombardini">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B976EADD6B20FFD72679CD89C0319793" box="[340,600,1468,1493]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179">Hamptonilla lombardini</emphasis>
|
||||
(Womersley, 1961)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BBD36CF6B20FFD727EDCDEBC280945C" blockId="1.[160,1156,1465,1562]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179">
|
||||
In addition, this genus includes:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D4C6B20FFD72504CDEBC67097B1" authority="(Womersley, 1961)" authorityName="Haitlinger" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Womersley" baseAuthorityYear="1961" box="[553,1049,1502,1527]" class="Arachnida" family="Diarthrophallidae" genus="Hamptonilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bornemisszai" status="comb. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B976EADD6B20FFD72504CDEBC12D97B1" box="[553,836,1502,1527]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179">Hamptonilla bornemisszai</emphasis>
|
||||
(Womersley, 1961)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24557A66B20FFD7230DCDEBC6ED97B1" box="[1056,1156,1502,1527]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B976EADD6B20FFD7230DCDEBC60B97B1" bold="true" box="[1056,1122,1502,1527]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179">comb</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B976EADD6B20FFD72343CDEBC61797B1" bold="true" box="[1134,1150,1502,1527]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179">n</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C024D4C6B20FFD727FFCE34C280945C" authorityName="Haitlinger" authorityYear="2024" box="[210,233,1537,1562]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179" status="comb. n.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B976EADD6B20FFD727FFCE34C280945C" box="[210,233,1537,1562]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1179">H.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
440
data/03/BA/87/03BA87A6A847C674FE7DFCC6CC0AFA91.xml
Normal file
440
data/03/BA/87/03BA87A6A847C674FE7DFCC6CC0AFA91.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,440 @@
|
|||
<document id="553305A38C33CDBB84594BD7A3CA54F4" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222933.2024.2383305" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758227" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1726223707453" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shangningam, Bungdon" docDate="2024" docId="03BA87A6A847C674FE7DFCC6CC0AFA91" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.58.37-40.1293-1302.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 58 (33 - 36)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2383305" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62.3:JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="3C762F9783B768A90048B82ACD135A62" docStyleName="JNatHist.2017-.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Psilorhynchus kosygini Shangningam, 2024, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="1298" masterDocId="FF83FFDEA846C671FF99FFE9C868FF99" masterDocTitle="Psilorhynchus kosygini, a new species of torrent minnow (Teleostei: Psilorhynchidae) from Nagaland, north-east India" masterLastPageNumber="1302" masterPageNumber="1293" pageNumber="1294" updateTime="1726224192463" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
|
||||
<mods:mods id="8780C51A5D39DDA76393391C48111660" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="CABEFEA7A092A310042AD0D1E8254B75">
|
||||
<mods:title id="BB27640E564D3438A46051AE3182C730">Psilorhynchus kosygini, a new species of torrent minnow (Teleostei: Psilorhynchidae) from Nagaland, north-east India</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name id="C0617164ABACE0EF77AD777E056DFD6D" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="5815CC47B8DE2D72A990F15CEF6EB887">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="C3FD5555F23C36133C5658D1EFF041E3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="EFCB322DE9FB876B43E3C342DC6BE113">Shangningam, Bungdon</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource id="D481CE8DF27688E341B403557E058BB0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem id="F81353654C75B1B91489F45026991E0C" type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="E9755AEED032E2EE0382B59CAB7E7B5B">
|
||||
<mods:title id="C25FB90F6AE06AB4E99B90D894908201">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part id="C96F07B15E0968406BCA613DD54BD711">
|
||||
<mods:date id="487E46C6E90981277130B73094F82A42">2024</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="8C444821E8671BA4CA239F4E624BB9CA" type="pubDate">
|
||||
<mods:number id="CBA0CF6601E79B640FFDE84DADDA8BF9">2024-08-12</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="662346AC278F70C84CF9FF6B8E5D0A86" type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number id="82B4A89D96F524B2E88DFF6AA0A469D7">58</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="9870C92CFD94ED42A9F75A344C9B8CBD" type="issue">
|
||||
<mods:number id="D51376311605C22C600F99AED7E3E376">33 - 36</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent id="A5870176E549597CE276105D75CB1AE6" unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start id="DE85A618BA8EEFFBADB6F6D8F3AE4F53">1293</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end id="2441E333371E428351085F38B809DC27">1302</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location id="399A564EEF5DA7F941AA9BEF89C7D071">
|
||||
<mods:url id="D058D7F4A8FBCDBB6D1833C9FC9D862D">http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2024.2383305</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="4D509D6DD5CF32B5109040F56E6ED89D">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="B49AEA90AE021F73F19B2559390EFC20" type="DOI">10.1080/00222933.2024.2383305</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="9B166F0F376C83DA10A8D29C1AEA085D" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="8BF6C2C89B55D56453D68091E060DBC0" type="Zenodo-Dep">13758227</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="03BA87A6A847C674FE7DFCC6CC0AFA91" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758233" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758233" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA87A6A847C674FE7DFCC6CC0AFA91" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BA87A6A847C674FE7DFCC6CC0AFA91" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="1298" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C309653BA847C670FE7DFCC6CB57FCD3" box="[484,831,815,842]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAC36B0A847C670FE7DFCC6CB57FCD3" blockId="1.[484,831,815,874]" box="[484,831,815,842]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">
|
||||
<heading id="D0E481DCA847C670FE7DFCC6CB57FCD3" box="[484,831,815,842]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" reason="5">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C134D33A847C670FE7DFCC6CA98FCD3" authorityName="Shangningam" authorityYear="2024" box="[484,752,815,842]" family="Psilorhynchidae" genus="Psilorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kosygini" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A847C670FE7DFCC6CA98FCD3" box="[484,752,815,842]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">Psilorhynchus kosygini</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A847C670FD61FCC6CB57FCD3" bold="true" box="[760,831,815,842]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25457D9A847C670FD61FCC6CB57FCD3" box="[760,831,815,842]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C309653BA847C670FDF1FCA6CA48FC38" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAC36B0A847C670FDF1FCA6CAD3FCF3" blockId="1.[484,831,815,874]" box="[616,699,847,874]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13282A35A847C670FDE9FCA6CADBFCF3" box="[624,691,847,874]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,1569,1592]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,142,1537]" captionTargetId="figure-3@2.[163,1153,142,1537]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Psilorhynchus kosygini: a, dorsal; b, lateral; c, ventral views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758231" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758231/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAC36B0A847C670FF39FC61CA48FC38" blockId="1.[160,544,904,929]" box="[160,544,904,929]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A847C670FF39FC61C93FFC38" bold="true" box="[160,343,904,929]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">Common name</emphasis>
|
||||
. Torrent minnow.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C309653BA847C670FF39FC24CBDDFBD6" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAC36B0A847C670FF39FC24CA19FBB4" blockId="1.[160,1156,973,1103]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A847C670FF39FC24C923FC7E" bold="true" box="[160,331,973,999]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">Type material.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B7B3CEDA847C670FEC2FC27CA19FBB4" collectingDate="2022-08-20" country="India" county="Peren district" elevation="155" latitude="25.564512" location="Poilwa village" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="93.89225" municipality="Tepuiki River" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nagaland" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54A88812A847C670FEC2FC27C9AAFC7E" box="[347,450,974,999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
: ZSI FF 9990,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CEB9B55A847C670FDC5FC27CAC3FC7E" box="[604,683,974,999]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" unit="mm" value="96.0">96 mm</quantity>
|
||||
SL;
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3047620A847C670FD43FC27CB7BFC7E" box="[730,787,974,999]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49D7F852A847C670FC84FC27CBE1FC7E" box="[797,905,974,999]" country="India" name="Nagaland" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">Nagaland</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="62CD4E3CA847C670FC0DFC27CC40FC7E" box="[916,1064,974,999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">Peren district</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC8ACCAA847C670FBAAFC27C8B1FB93" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">Tepuiki River</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CEB9B55A847C670FF78FC18C97FFB93" box="[225,279,1009,1034]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<location id="8ECC606BA847C670FECEFC18C987FB93" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA87A6A847C674FE7DFCC6CC0AFA91:8ECC606BA847C670FECEFC18C987FB93" box="[343,495,1009,1034]" country="India" county="Peren district" latitude="25.564512" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="93.89225" municipality="Tepuiki River" name="Poilwa village" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" stateProvince="Nagaland">Poilwa village</location>
|
||||
, a tributary of the
|
||||
<location id="8ECC606BA847C670FD2DFC18CA98FB93" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BA87A6A847C674FE7DFCC6CC0AFA91:8ECC606BA847C670FD2DFC18CA98FB93" box="[692,752,1009,1034]" country="India" county="Peren district" latitude="25.564512" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="93.89225" municipality="Tepuiki River" name="Barak" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" stateProvince="Nagaland">Barak</location>
|
||||
drainage,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE275077A847C670FCFBFC18CB98FB93" box="[866,1008,1009,1034]" degrees="25.564512" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" precision="1" value="25.564512">25.564512°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE275077A847C670FC61FC18CCE9FB93" box="[1016,1153,1009,1034]" degrees="93.892251" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" precision="1" value="93.89225">93.892251°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<elevation id="003ED183A847C670FF39FBFDC965FBB4" box="[160,269,1044,1069]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" unit="m" value="155.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="4CEB9B55A847C670FF39FBFDC88DFBB4" box="[160,229,1044,1069]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" unit="m" value="155.0">155 m</quantity>
|
||||
asl
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
, Shangningam,
|
||||
<date id="FFAD1070A847C670FE24FBFDCA05FBB4" box="[445,621,1044,1069]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" value="2022-08-20">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFE9E998A847C670FE24FBFDCA05FBB4" box="[445,621,1044,1069]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" value="2022-08-20">20 August 2022</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAC36B0A847C670FF59FBDFCBDDFBD6" blockId="1.[160,1156,973,1103]" box="[192,949,1078,1103]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54A88812A847C670FF59FBDFC958FBD6" box="[192,304,1078,1103]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
: ZSI FF 9991, 8, 68.0–96.0 mm SL; same data as holotype.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C309653BA847C670FF39FB92C956FA11" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAC36B0A847C670FF39FB92C956FA11" blockId="1.[160,1156,1147,1416]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A847C670FF39FB92C972FB0C" bold="true" box="[160,282,1147,1173]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C134D33A847C670FEB3FB95CA43FB0C" authorityName="Shangningam" authorityYear="2024" box="[298,555,1148,1173]" family="Psilorhynchidae" genus="Psilorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kosygini">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A847C670FEB3FB95CA43FB0C" box="[298,555,1148,1173]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">Psilorhynchus kosygini</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, a member of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C134D33A847C670FC8BFB95CC20FB0C" authorityName="Hora and Mukerji" authorityYear="1935" box="[786,1096,1148,1173]" family="Psilorhynchidae" genus="Psilorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="homaloptera">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A847C670FC8BFB95CC20FB0C" box="[786,1096,1148,1173]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">Psilorhynchus homaloptera</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species group, is distinguished from all other members by the following combination of characters: 3–4 scales positioned along the mid-ventral region between the posterior base of the pelvic fin and the anal opening, body elongate with 41–42 scales along the lateral line, 14 scales in the pre-dorsal region, 8 scales around the caudal peduncle, 9–10 branched pectoral-fin rays, eye diameter 15–21% HL, head length 18.2–19.9% SL, body depth 15.6–18.3% SL, head depth 50–58% HL and vertebrae 42.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C309653BA847C675FF39FA5DCAFCFCD8" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="1297" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAC36B0A847C670FF39FA5DC90EF9E2" blockId="1.[160,1156,1460,1728]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A847C670FF39FA5DC945FA57" bold="true" box="[160,301,1460,1486]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">Description.</emphasis>
|
||||
Body elongate, dorsal profile arched, rising gradually from tip of snout to dorsal-fin origin, sloping steeply towards caudal peduncle. Greatest body depth at dorsal-fin origin, narrowest at caudal-peduncle base. Caudal peduncle shallow and fairly compressed. Ventral profile straight from lower jaw to anal-fin origin, with slight dorsad inclination posteriorly towards caudal-fin base. Biometric data of the specimens are shown in
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C691030BA847C670FE97F98BC909F9E2" box="[270,353,1634,1659]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="3.[160,216,142,165]" captionText="Table 1. Morphometric data of holotype and seven paratypes of Psilorhynchus kosygini." pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAC36B0A847C672FF59F96CCB4BFAC3" blockId="1.[160,1156,1460,1728]" lastBlockId="3.[160,1156,825,1717]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="1296" pageId="1" pageNumber="1294">Head large, wider than deep. Eye large, rounded, dorso-laterally located, with free orbital margin, not visible from ventral surface, situated closer to operculum than to snout tip. Mouth inferior, transverse, arched, width shorter than snout length. Barbels absent. Snout slightly rounded; its ventral surface bordered by a deep longitudinal groove on each side. Interorbital space flat, width larger than eye diameter. Gill opening narrow, extending from post-temporal region to a little beyond pectoral-fin base on ventral side. Internarial distance smaller than snout length. Nostrils large with a conspicuous rounded membranous flap between anterior and posterior openings, situated nearer to anterior margin of eyes than to tip of snout. Rostral cap fused with upper lip, separated by a shallow groove. Upper lip covered with rows of unculi. Lower jaw flattened, covered by a thick squarish cushion that can be folded backwards. Cushion composed of two adnate tissue layers: a deeper layer, the lower lip, smooth, not continuous with upper lip around corner of mouth; and a superficial layer, slightly thick, continuous with skin of isthmus, connected with rostral cap by a narrow strip of skin around corner of mouth at postero-lateralmost corner of mouth. Upper and lower jaws with sharp rasping edges. A fairly deep, distinct lateral horizontal furrow marks off mouth parts and thick rostral cap, passing on either side from post-labial groove extending anteriorly to sides of snout. Gill rakers absent. Gill membranes broadly joined to isthmus.</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF6C6638A844C673FF39F9C8CB20F9A1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758231" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758231" box="[160,840,1569,1592]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758231/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="1295" startId="2.[160,225,1569,1592]" targetBox="[163,1152,142,1537]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAC36B0A844C673FF39F9C8CB20F9A1" blockId="2.[160,840,1569,1592]" box="[160,840,1569,1592]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1295">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A844C673FF39F9C8C893F9A1" bold="true" box="[160,251,1569,1592]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1295">Figure 1.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C134D33A844C673FE9BF9C8C9B0F9A1" authorityName="Shangningam" authorityYear="2024" box="[258,472,1569,1592]" family="Psilorhynchidae" genus="Psilorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="1295" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kosygini">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A844C673FE9BF9C8C9B0F9A1" box="[258,472,1569,1592]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="1295">Psilorhynchus kosygini</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A844C673FE7DF9C8C999F9A1" bold="true" box="[484,497,1569,1592]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1295">a</emphasis>
|
||||
, dorsal;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A844C673FDDCF9C8CA3BF9A1" bold="true" box="[581,595,1569,1592]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1295">b</emphasis>
|
||||
, lateral;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A844C673FD31F9C8CADAF9A1" bold="true" box="[680,690,1569,1592]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1295">c</emphasis>
|
||||
, ventral views.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF6C6638A845C672FF39FF67CC69FF3C" box="[160,1025,142,165]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296" startId="3.[160,216,142,165]" targetType="table">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAC36B0A845C672FF39FF67CC69FF3C" blockId="3.[160,1025,142,165]" box="[160,1025,142,165]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A845C672FF39FF67C89AFF3C" bold="true" box="[160,242,142,165]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Table 1.</emphasis>
|
||||
Morphometric data of holotype and seven paratypes of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C134D33A845C672FCBFFF67CB94FF3C" authorityName="Shangningam" authorityYear="2024" box="[806,1020,142,165]" family="Psilorhynchidae" genus="Psilorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kosygini">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A845C672FCBFFF67CB94FF3C" box="[806,1020,142,165]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Psilorhynchus kosygini</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAC36B0A845C672FF32FF5BCC11FD6F" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<table id="F913C410A845398EFF32FF5BCC11FD6F" box="[171,1145,178,758]" gridcols="6" gridrows="24" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FF5BCC11FF5F" box="[171,1145,178,198]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FF5BC993FF5F" box="[171,507,178,198]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
Measurement
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A845C672FEBBFF5BC90AFF5F" bold="true" box="[290,354,178,198]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">in mm.</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFDD6FF5BCAF2FF5F" box="[591,666,178,198]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Holotype</th>
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFD76FF5BCB7AFF5F" box="[751,786,178,198]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Min</th>
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFCFFFF5BCBE1FF5F" box="[870,905,178,198]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Max</th>
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFC44FF5BCC63FF5F" box="[989,1035,178,198]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Mean</th>
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFBF9FF5BCC11FF5F" box="[1120,1145,178,198]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">SD</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FF3BCC11FF7F" box="[171,1145,210,230]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296" rowspan-5="1">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FF3BC993FF7F" box="[171,507,210,230]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Standard length (mm)</th>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFDD6FF3BCAF2FF7F" box="[591,666,210,230]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">96</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFD76FF3BCB7AFF7F" box="[751,786,210,230]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">68.0</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFCFFFF3BCBE1FF7F" box="[870,905,210,230]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">96.0</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFC44FF3BCC63FF7F" box="[989,1035,210,230]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">76.7</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FF03CC11FF67" box="[171,1145,234,254]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FF03CC11FF67" box="[171,1145,234,254]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A845C672FF32FF03C9ADFF67" bold="true" box="[171,453,234,254]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Percentage of standard length:</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FEEBCC11FE8F" box="[171,1145,258,278]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FEEBC993FE8F" box="[171,507,258,278]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Pre-dorsal length</th>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFDD6FEEBCAF2FE8F" box="[591,666,258,278]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">47.9</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFD76FEEBCB7AFE8F" box="[751,786,258,278]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">46.4</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFCFFFEEBCBE1FE8F" box="[870,905,258,278]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">47.9</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFC44FEEBCC63FE8F" box="[989,1035,258,278]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">47.1</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFBF9FEEBCC11FE8F" box="[1120,1145,258,278]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">0.5</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FEF3CC11FEB7" box="[171,1145,282,302]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FEF3C993FEB7" box="[171,507,282,302]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Pre-anal length</th>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFDD6FEF3CAF2FEB7" box="[591,666,282,302]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">78.1</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFD76FEF3CB7AFEB7" box="[751,786,282,302]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">76.8</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFCFFFEF3CBE1FEB7" box="[870,905,282,302]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">78.9</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFC44FEF3CC63FEB7" box="[989,1035,282,302]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">77.9</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFBF9FEF3CC11FEB7" box="[1120,1145,282,302]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">0.9</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FEDBCC11FEDF" box="[171,1145,306,326]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FEDBC993FEDF" box="[171,507,306,326]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Pre-pelvic length</th>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFDD6FEDBCAF2FEDF" box="[591,666,306,326]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">44.8</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFD76FEDBCB7AFEDF" box="[751,786,306,326]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">44.5</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFCFFFEDBCBE1FEDF" box="[870,905,306,326]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">46.2</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFC44FEDBCC63FEDF" box="[989,1035,306,326]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">45.1</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFBF9FEDBCC11FEDF" box="[1120,1145,306,326]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">0.6</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FEA3CC11FEC7" box="[171,1145,330,350]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FEA3C993FEC7" box="[171,507,330,350]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Pre-pectoral length</th>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFDD6FEA3CAF2FEC7" box="[591,666,330,350]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">14.8</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFD76FEA3CB7AFEC7" box="[751,786,330,350]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">14.8</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFCFFFEA3CBE1FEC7" box="[870,905,330,350]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">16.9</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFC44FEA3CC63FEC7" box="[989,1035,330,350]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">16.0</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFBF9FEA3CC11FEC7" box="[1120,1145,330,350]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">0.7</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FE8BCC11FEEF" box="[171,1145,354,374]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FE8BC993FEEF" box="[171,507,354,374]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Pelvic fin length</th>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFDD6FE8BCAF2FEEF" box="[591,666,354,374]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">17.9</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFD76FE8BCB7AFEEF" box="[751,786,354,374]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">17.1</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFCFFFE8BCBE1FEEF" box="[870,905,354,374]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">20.6</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFC44FE8BCC63FEEF" box="[989,1035,354,374]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">18.8</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFBF9FE8BCC11FEEF" box="[1120,1145,354,374]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">1.4</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FE93CC11FE17" box="[171,1145,378,398]" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FE93C993FE17" box="[171,507,378,398]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Pectoral fin length</th>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFDD6FE93CAF2FE17" box="[591,666,378,398]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">22.9</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFD76FE93CB7AFE17" box="[751,786,378,398]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">22.9</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFCFFFE93CBE1FE17" box="[870,905,378,398]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">26.5</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFC44FE93CC63FE17" box="[989,1035,378,398]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">24.9</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFBF9FE93CC11FE17" box="[1120,1145,378,398]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">1.3</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FE7BCC11FE3F" box="[171,1145,402,422]" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FE7BC993FE3F" box="[171,507,402,422]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Anus-anal distance</th>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFDD6FE7BCAF2FE3F" box="[591,666,402,422]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">23.5</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFD76FE7BCB7AFE3F" box="[751,786,402,422]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">18.8</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFCFFFE7BCBE1FE3F" box="[870,905,402,422]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">23.7</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFC44FE7BCC63FE3F" box="[989,1035,402,422]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">21.0</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFBF9FE7BCC11FE3F" box="[1120,1145,402,422]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">2.1</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FE43CC11FE27" box="[171,1145,426,446]" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FE43C993FE27" box="[171,507,426,446]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Snout-anus distance</th>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFDD6FE43CAF2FE27" box="[591,666,426,446]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">53.1</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFD76FE43CB7AFE27" box="[751,786,426,446]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">53.1</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFCFFFE43CBE1FE27" box="[870,905,426,446]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">57.4</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFC44FE43CC63FE27" box="[989,1035,426,446]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">55.9</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFBF9FE43CC11FE27" box="[1120,1145,426,446]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">1.3</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FE2BCC11FE4F" box="[171,1145,450,470]" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FE2BC993FE4F" box="[171,507,450,470]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Length of last unbranched anal-fin ray</th>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFDD6FE2BCAF2FE4F" box="[591,666,450,470]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">14.6</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFD76FE2BCB7AFE4F" box="[751,786,450,470]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">14.5</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFCFFFE2BCBE1FE4F" box="[870,905,450,470]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">17.6</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFC44FE2BCC63FE4F" box="[989,1035,450,470]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">15.9</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFBF9FE2BCC11FE4F" box="[1120,1145,450,470]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">1.4</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FE33CC11FE77" box="[171,1145,474,494]" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FE33C993FE77" box="[171,507,474,494]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Length of last unbranched dorsal-fin ray</th>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFDD6FE33CAF2FE77" box="[591,666,474,494]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">18.8</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFD76FE33CB7AFE77" box="[751,786,474,494]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">18.8</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFCFFFE33CBE1FE77" box="[870,905,474,494]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">22.5</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFC44FE33CC63FE77" box="[989,1035,474,494]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">21.5</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFBF9FE33CC11FE77" box="[1120,1145,474,494]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">1.2</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FE1BCC11FD9F" box="[171,1145,498,518]" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FE1BC993FD9F" box="[171,507,498,518]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Caudal peduncle length</th>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFDD6FE1BCAF2FD9F" box="[591,666,498,518]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">13.5</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFD76FE1BCB7AFD9F" box="[751,786,498,518]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">9.2</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFCFFFE1BCBE1FD9F" box="[870,905,498,518]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">14.7</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFC44FE1BCC63FD9F" box="[989,1035,498,518]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">12.7</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFBF9FE1BCC11FD9F" box="[1120,1145,498,518]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">2.3</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FDE3CC11FD87" box="[171,1145,522,542]" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FDE3C993FD87" box="[171,507,522,542]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Caudal peduncle depth</th>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFDD6FDE3CAF2FD87" box="[591,666,522,542]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">6.3</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFD76FDE3CB7AFD87" box="[751,786,522,542]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">6.3</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFCFFFDE3CBE1FD87" box="[870,905,522,542]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">7.2</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFC44FDE3CC63FD87" box="[989,1035,522,542]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">6.8</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFBF9FDE3CC11FD87" box="[1120,1145,522,542]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">0.3</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FDCBCC11FDAF" box="[171,1145,546,566]" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FDCBC993FDAF" box="[171,507,546,566]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Body depth</th>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFDD6FDCBCAF2FDAF" box="[591,666,546,566]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">15.6</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFD76FDCBCB7AFDAF" box="[751,786,546,566]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">15.6</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFCFFFDCBCBE1FDAF" box="[870,905,546,566]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">18.3</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFC44FDCBCC63FDAF" box="[989,1035,546,566]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">16.7</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFBF9FDCBCC11FDAF" box="[1120,1145,546,566]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">0.8</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FDD3CC11FDD7" box="[171,1145,570,590]" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FDD3C993FDD7" box="[171,507,570,590]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Head length</th>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFDD6FDD3CAF2FDD7" box="[591,666,570,590]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">18.2</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFD76FDD3CB7AFDD7" box="[751,786,570,590]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">18.2</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFCFFFDD3CBE1FDD7" box="[870,905,570,590]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">19.9</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFC44FDD3CC63FDD7" box="[989,1035,570,590]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">19.0</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFBF9FDD3CC11FDD7" box="[1120,1145,570,590]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">0.6</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FDBBCC11FDFF" box="[171,1145,594,614]" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FDBBCC11FDFF" box="[171,1145,594,614]" colspan="6" colspanRight="5" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A845C672FF32FDBBC9C9FDFF" bold="true" box="[171,417,594,614]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Percentage of head length:</emphasis>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FD83CC11FDE7" box="[171,1145,618,638]" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FD83C993FDE7" box="[171,507,618,638]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Head depth</th>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFDD6FD83CAF2FDE7" box="[591,666,618,638]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">51.4</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFD76FD83CB7AFDE7" box="[751,786,618,638]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">50.6</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFCFFFD83CBE1FDE7" box="[870,905,618,638]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">58.6</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFC44FD83CC63FDE7" box="[989,1035,618,638]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">54.4</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFBF9FD83CC11FDE7" box="[1120,1145,618,638]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">2.9</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FD6BCC11FD0F" box="[171,1145,642,662]" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FD6BC993FD0F" box="[171,507,642,662]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Eye diameter</th>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFDD6FD6BCAF2FD0F" box="[591,666,642,662]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">17.7</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFD76FD6BCB7AFD0F" box="[751,786,642,662]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">15.6</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFCFFFD6BCBE1FD0F" box="[870,905,642,662]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">21.9</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFC44FD6BCC63FD0F" box="[989,1035,642,662]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">18.3</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFBF9FD6BCC11FD0F" box="[1120,1145,642,662]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">2.7</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FD73CC11FD37" box="[171,1145,666,686]" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FD73C993FD37" box="[171,507,666,686]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Head width</th>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFDD6FD73CAF2FD37" box="[591,666,666,686]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">81.1</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFD76FD73CB7AFD37" box="[751,786,666,686]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">75.0</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFCFFFD73CBE1FD37" box="[870,905,666,686]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">82.9</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFC44FD73CC63FD37" box="[989,1035,666,686]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">80.6</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFBF9FD73CC11FD37" box="[1120,1145,666,686]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">2.6</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FD5BCC11FD5F" box="[171,1145,690,710]" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FD5BC993FD5F" box="[171,507,690,710]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Interorbital distance</th>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFDD6FD5BCAF2FD5F" box="[591,666,690,710]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">40.6</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFD76FD5BCB7AFD5F" box="[751,786,690,710]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">40.6</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFCFFFD5BCBE1FD5F" box="[870,905,690,710]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">48.6</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFC44FD5BCC63FD5F" box="[989,1035,690,710]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">44.2</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFBF9FD5BCC11FD5F" box="[1120,1145,690,710]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">2.6</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FD23CC11FD47" box="[171,1145,714,734]" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FD23C993FD47" box="[171,507,714,734]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Snout length</th>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFDD6FD23CAF2FD47" box="[591,666,714,734]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">51.4</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFD76FD23CB7AFD47" box="[751,786,714,734]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">50.0</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFCFFFD23CBE1FD47" box="[870,905,714,734]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">55.2</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFC44FD23CC63FD47" box="[989,1035,714,734]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">52.0</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFBF9FD23CC11FD47" box="[1120,1145,714,734]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">1.6</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="352334F2A845398EFF32FD0BCC11FD6F" box="[171,1145,738,758]" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
<th id="76F25D8EA845398EFF32FD0BC993FD6F" box="[171,507,738,758]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">Mouth width</th>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFDD6FD0BCAF2FD6F" box="[591,666,738,758]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">37.1</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFD76FD0BCB7AFD6F" box="[751,786,738,758]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">23.7</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFCFFFD0BCBE1FD6F" box="[870,905,738,758]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">37.1</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFC44FD0BCC63FD6F" box="[989,1035,738,758]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">28.6</td>
|
||||
<td id="76F25D8EA845398EFBF9FD0BCC11FD6F" box="[1120,1145,738,758]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">4.8</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAC36B0A845C675FF59FA8DCB07FF74" blockId="3.[160,1156,825,1717]" lastBlockId="4.[160,1156,142,410]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="1297" pageId="3" pageNumber="1296">
|
||||
Paired fins horizontally placed. Pectoral fin with viii (7) or ix (1) and 7 (1), 8 (3) or 9 (4) rays, broad, expanded with rounded free margin, longer than head, almost reaching horizontal through dorsal-fin origin, almost reaching the pelvic-fin origin when adpressed. Ventral portion of dorsal fin base covered with thick skin. Pelvic-fin rays ii.7, shorter than pectoral, origin anterior to dorsal-fin origin, opposite two scales anterior to first branched dorsal-fin ray, extending beyond anus. Skin on ventral surface of unbranched pectoral and pelvic-fin rays thickened. Dorsal fin with ii.8 rays, high, tip pointed, posterior edge straight to slightly concave, much closer to snout tip than caudal-fin base. Anal fin long with ii.6 rays, almost reaching caudal-fin base when adpressed, posterior margin straight to slightly convex. Caudal fin deeply emarginate, lower lobe slightly longer than upper, principal rays 9 + 8 (8), procurrent rays 3 (3), 4(5) dorsally and 4 (5) or 5 (3) ventrally. Vertebrae 42, consisting of 29 abdominal and 13 caudal. One dissected female
|
||||
<quantity id="4CEB9B55A842C675FB9DFF58CC0CFF53" box="[1028,1124,177,202]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.64" pageId="4" pageNumber="1297" unit="mm" value="76.4">76.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
SL with ripe ovary containing ~1250 eggs of diameter
|
||||
<quantity id="4CEB9B55A842C675FD7FFF3DCB03FF74" box="[742,875,212,237]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="1297" unit="mm" value="0.85" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAC36B0A842C675FF59FF1FCBB5FE03" blockId="4.[160,1156,142,410]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1297">Scales cycloid and fairly large. Lateral line feebly arched, running along middle of body with 41 (4) or 42 (4) scales,plus 2 (6) or 3 (2) on caudal-fin. Transverse scale rows from dorsalto pelvic-fin origin 4/1/3 (8), scale rows around caudal peduncle 8 (8), pre-dorsal scales 14 (8), scales between anus and anal-fin origin 13 (5) or 14 (3). Abdominal region scaleless except 3–4 scales between posteriormost pelvic fin base and anal opening.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAC36B0A842C675FF39FE24C931FD65" blockId="4.[160,1157,461,833]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1297">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A842C675FF39FE24C95DFE7E" bold="true" box="[160,309,461,487]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1297">Colouration.</emphasis>
|
||||
In 70% alcohol: body background olivaceous brown. Occiput and dorsal surface of snout brown. Scales on flanks and dorsal surface with thin melanophores, posterior edges hyaline. Mid-lateral scale dark, appearing like a dark brown lateral stripe. Ventral surface pale yellow. Anterior-most fin rays with diffuse melanophores, concentrated on fin bases. Dorsal-fin rays with thin brown melanophores, posterior margin hyaline. Paired fin rays with prominent thin brown melanophores along its interradial. Caudal-fin base peppered with dark melanophores, lower lobe with a short transverse dark band, extending to middle, margin hyaline.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAC36B0A842C675FF59FCECCAFCFCD8" blockId="4.[160,1157,461,833]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1297">In life, body background olivaceous. Ventral surface between pectoral and pelvic fins silvery white. Fin pigmentation light orange.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C309653BA842C674FF39FC9DCA14FB09" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="1298" pageId="4" pageNumber="1297" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAC36B0A842C675FF39FC9DCB46FC29" blockId="4.[160,1156,884,944]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1297">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A842C675FF39FC9DC95DFC17" bold="true" box="[160,309,884,910]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1297">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C134D33A842C675FEDCFC9CCA29FC17" authorityName="Shangningam" authorityYear="2024" box="[325,577,885,910]" family="Psilorhynchidae" genus="Psilorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="1297" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kosygini">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A842C675FEDCFC9CCA29FC17" box="[325,577,885,910]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1297">Psilorhynchus kosygini</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is presently known only from the Tepuiki River, a tributary of the Barak River in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49D7F852A842C675FD9EFC7ECA1DFC29" box="[519,629,919,944]" country="India" name="Nagaland" pageId="4" pageNumber="1297">Nagaland</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3047620A842C675FDE6FC7ECADEFC29" box="[639,694,919,944]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="1297">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13282A35A842C675FD5FFC7ECB4AFC29" box="[710,802,919,944]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1704,1727]" captionTargetBox="[166,1143,988,1667]" captionTargetId="figure-254@4.[163,1153,986,1673]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Map showing the type locality of Psilorhynchus kosygini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758235" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758235/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1297">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF6C6638A842C675FF39F941CB45F926" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758235" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758235" box="[160,813,1704,1727]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758235/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1297" startId="4.[160,225,1704,1727]" targetBox="[166,1143,988,1667]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAC36B0A842C675FF39F941CB45F926" blockId="4.[160,813,1704,1727]" box="[160,813,1704,1727]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1297">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A842C675FF39F941C892F926" bold="true" box="[160,250,1704,1727]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1297">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||||
Map showing the type locality of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C134D33A842C675FDC9F941CB41F926" authorityName="Shangningam" authorityYear="2024" box="[592,809,1704,1727]" family="Psilorhynchidae" genus="Psilorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="1297" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kosygini">Psilorhynchus kosygini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF6C6638A843C674FF39FCABCB43FCC0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758237" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758237" box="[160,811,834,857]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758237/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298" startId="5.[160,225,834,857]" targetBox="[163,1153,142,802]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAC36B0A843C674FF39FCABCB43FCC0" blockId="5.[160,811,834,857]" box="[160,811,834,857]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A843C674FF39FCABC892FCC0" bold="true" box="[160,250,834,857]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||||
Tepuiki River, the type locality of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C134D33A843C674FDD6FCABCB4FFCC0" authorityName="Shangningam" authorityYear="2024" box="[591,807,834,857]" family="Psilorhynchidae" genus="Psilorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kosygini">Psilorhynchus kosygini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAC36B0A843C674FF39FC4FCA14FB09" blockId="5.[160,1156,934,1168]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A843C674FF39FC4FC968FC59" bold="true" box="[160,256,934,960]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298">Habitat.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C134D33A843C674FE89FC4ECA6AFC59" authorityName="Shangningam" authorityYear="2024" box="[272,514,935,960]" family="Psilorhynchidae" genus="Psilorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kosygini">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A843C674FE89FC4ECA6AFC59" box="[272,514,935,960]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298">Psilorhynchus kosygini</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has been collected in rapids and torrential water currents (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13282A35A843C674FF31FC23C96AFC7A" box="[168,258,970,995]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[160,225,834,857]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,802]" captionTargetId="figure-237@5.[163,1153,142,802]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Tepuiki River, the type locality of Psilorhynchus kosygini." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758237" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758237/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54A88812A843C674FEDCFC23C91FFC7A" box="[325,375,970,995]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality, Tepuiki River, is cool, shaded and swiftly flowing with a gravel bottom, rocky bed substrate and numerous riffles. The species usually inhabits sandy substrate with pectoral fins spread horizontally while feeding at the bottom and adhering to rocks while at rest. Other species collected from the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54A88812A843C674FD64FBDBCB47FBD2" box="[765,815,1074,1099]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality include
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A843C674FC78FBDBCC16FBD2" box="[993,1150,1074,1099]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C134D33A843C674FC78FBDBCC5EFBD2" baseAuthorityName="Hamilton" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[993,1078,1074,1099]" family="Psilorhynchidae" genus="Psilorhynchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balitora">Balitora</taxonomicName>
|
||||
brucei
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A843C674FF39FBBCC9BBFBF7" box="[160,467,1109,1134]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298">Neolisochilus hexagonolepis</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C134D33A843C674FE7AFBBCCAFFFBF7" box="[483,663,1109,1134]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Garra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nagaensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A843C674FE7AFBBCCAFFFBF7" box="[483,663,1109,1134]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298">Garra nagaensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C134D33A843C674FD3EFBBCCB31FBF7" authorityName="Vishwanath & Sarojnalini" authorityYear="1988" box="[679,857,1109,1134]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Garra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="manipurensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A843C674FD3EFBBCCB31FBF7" box="[679,857,1109,1134]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298">G. manipurensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C134D33A843C674FCF0FBBCCC16FBF7" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1832" box="[873,1150,1109,1134]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Schizothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="richardsonii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A843C674FCF0FBBCCC16FBF7" box="[873,1150,1109,1134]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298">Schizothorax richardsonii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C134D33A843C674FF39FB9EC9FEFB09" baseAuthorityName="McClelland" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[160,406,1143,1168]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Devario" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aequipinnatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A843C674FF39FB9EC9FEFB09" box="[160,406,1143,1168]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298">Devario aequipinnatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C134D33A843C674FE49FB9ECA1FFB09" baseAuthorityName="Hamilton" baseAuthorityYear="1822" box="[464,631,1143,1168]" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Opsarius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barna">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A843C674FE49FB9ECA1FFB09" box="[464,631,1143,1168]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298">Opsarius barna</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C309653BA843C674FF39FB25CC0AFA91" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAC36B0A843C674FF39FB25CC0AFA91" blockId="5.[160,1156,1228,1288]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B967EAA2A843C674FF39FB25C94EFB7F" bold="true" box="[160,294,1228,1254]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||||
The species is named after Dr Kosygin Laishram, Scientist E, Zoological Survey of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3047620A843C674FE88FB06C923FA91" box="[273,331,1263,1288]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="1298">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, for his contribution to the freshwater fish faunal of the Indian region.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
530
data/03/FE/34/03FE341C4377FFB8FEADFBA5FD8593EC.xml
Normal file
530
data/03/FE/34/03FE341C4377FFB8FEADFBA5FD8593EC.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,530 @@
|
|||
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<mods:titleInfo id="DB34057328B46A047FCC2E213BC352DD">
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<mods:title id="F44F5207FD38E81F5B85B652A3422EEE">The second Mecistocephalus centipede without a spiculum: Mecistocephalus aspiculus sp. n. from south China (Chilopoda: Geophilomorpha: Mecistocephalidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0A519882CA44916DA830E00FD3F25EDE">Zhao, Yiying</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AC9D572F2127CBE98D7C3362154268A2">Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China;</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="D6D96AA020766EA8371B22189A1CA1AD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="98924335ACFBCDA668AC4D4166A759BC">You, Chunxue</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="503ECD311E3B39D9AA37B079E42E3DD3">Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, China;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="88DDE81F813EB4FF483E683F5C0C2650" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="EAC4F165F85D1E715DABBCBB15D0E1A0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="DFB816FA12F63F6C1D81765D9EAC8164">Jiang, Chao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6C7286B840E34BA02D24DE1E36E46525">State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="9D9D9DDEBFC1FB926A8A28AC7075DB19">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2EFB2CC49D407E3D4EA9599CDB50B56D">
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<mods:date id="320C7FC7E66B7970C31FE9640A9B0A8C">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B35DF2E04A03252C2EDD7153029F0277">2024-08-12</mods:number>
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|
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<mods:detail id="32249FC4B70B21B2FC7AC2E463BA543C" type="volume">
|
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<mods:number id="81DE222FB5A1A558C7239EA69CD1F2B3">58</mods:number>
|
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</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:detail id="7011F4357DC19D0BF429FD3A5598A355" type="issue">
|
||||
<mods:number id="D71539969BD47148D5EE663FE3436D74">29 - 32</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="EE3CBEA7F780004636F96E518256166E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="1BC21078C61072889072D3089F1BDAFE" type="ZooBank">E6A2551E-3B7C-4FB7-B603-F2EFA560A576</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
|
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<treatment id="03FE341C4377FFB8FEADFBA5FD8593EC" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6F33AC66-CA6B-4EB0-870E-7250C3860CFA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FE341C4377FFB8FEADFBA5FD8593EC" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="1289" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283">
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|
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<heading id="D0A032664377FFBEFEADFBA5FC4D952B" bold="true" box="[347,968,1116,1143]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283" reason="3">
|
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<emphasis id="B92359184377FFBEFEADFBA5FC4D952B" bold="true" box="[347,968,1116,1143]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C57FE894377FFBEFEADFBA5FCF0952B" authority="Jiang and You" authorityName="Jiang and You" authorityYear="2024" box="[347,885,1116,1143]" class="Chilopoda" family="Mecistocephalidae" genus="Mecistocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Geophilomorpha" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspiculus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184377FFBEFEADFBA5FD29952B" bold="true" box="[347,684,1116,1143]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283">Mecistocephalus aspiculus</emphasis>
|
||||
Jiang and You
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A210E4634377FFBEFC77FBA5FC4D952B" box="[897,968,1116,1143]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C34DD6814377FFBEFDF8FB6EFC3F9442" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4377FFBEFDF8FB6EFC9095EE" blockId="1.[526,789,1175,1202]" box="[526,789,1175,1202]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136C998F4377FFBEFDE0FB6EFD2095EE" box="[534,677,1175,1202]" captionStart-0="Figure 1" captionStart-1="Figure 2" captionStart-2="Figure 3" captionStartId-0="2.[160,225,855,878]" captionStartId-1="3.[160,225,1187,1210]" captionStartId-2="4.[160,225,1170,1193]" captionTargetBox-0="[164,1151,158,807]" captionTargetBox-1="[164,1153,143,1154]" captionTargetBox-2="[163,1152,144,1138]" captionTargetId-0="figure-212@2.[163,1153,142,823]" captionTargetId-1="figure-108@3.[163,1153,142,1155]" captionTargetId-2="figure-97@4.[163,1153,142,1139]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="Figure 1. Mecistocephalus aspiculus sp. n. (CMMI-20201217113): a, forcipular segment and anterior leg-bearing segments, dorsal; b, median part of body, dorsal; c, posterior part of body, dorsal. Scale bar: 1 mm." captionText-1="Figure 2. Mecistocephalus aspiculus sp. n. (CMMI-20201217113): a, right antenna, ventral; b, antennal articles XIII and XIV of right antenna, dorsal; c, cephalic capsule, dorsal; d, clypeus, labrum and anterior part of cephalic pleurite, ventral, cephalic pleurite uncovered; e, cephalic capsule, ventral (maxillary complex removed); f, maxillary complex, ventral; g, forcipular segment, ventral; h, forcipular segment, dorsal. Areolation is drawn only partially but margins of areolate regions are indicated by incomplete lines. Scale bar: 500 μm." captionText-2="Figure 3. Mecistocephalus aspiculus sp. n. (CMMI-20201217113): a, distal part of left mandible; b, sternite of leg-bearing segment, ventral (setae not represented); c, tergites of leg-bearing segments, dorsal; d, posterior part of trunk, ventral (with left penultimate leg and left telopodite of ultimate legbearing segment, setae on postpedal segments not represented); e, ultimate leg-bearing segment and postpedal segments, dorsal; f, ultimate leg-bearing segment and postpedal segments, ventral (setae represented only on postpedal segments). Scale bars: a, b = 100 μm; c–f = 500 μm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758215" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758217" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758219" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13758215/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13758217/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/13758219/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283">Figures 1–3</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D5B0B14377FFBEFD45FB6EFC8895EE" box="[691,781,1175,1202]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="5.[160,216,142,165]" captionText="Table 1. Main differential characters between M. aspiculus Jiang and You, sp. n. and M. yanagiharai Takakuwa, 1936. Character states of M. yanagiharai are based on the description and reference pictures published by Uliana et al. (2007) and Takakuwa (1936a)." pageId="1" pageNumber="1283">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4377FFBEFF36FB1BFC3F9442" blockId="1.[192,954,1247,1310]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283">
|
||||
Chinese name: 无锥齿地蜈蚣
|
||||
<uri id="FFC689084377FFBEFF36FAFCFC3F9442" box="[192,954,1285,1310]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283">
|
||||
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:
|
||||
<uuid id="FFF1BFDF4377FFBEFE3CFAFCFC3F9442" box="[458,954,1285,1310]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283">E6A2551E-3B7C-4FB7-B603-F2EFA560A576</uuid>
|
||||
</uri>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C34DD6814377FFBEFF56FAB3FD7694F6" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4377FFBEFF56FAB3FD7694F6" blockId="1.[160,1156,1354,1450]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184377FFBEFF56FAB3FE029438" bold="true" box="[160,391,1354,1380]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B3F8F574377FFBEFE66FAB3FD7694F6" collectingDate="2020-12-17" collectorName="Zhidong Wang" country="China" county="Heyuan City" elevation="180" latitude="23.7703" location="Xinfengjiang Reservoir" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="114.6301" municipality="Xingang Town" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guangdong" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184377FFBEFE66FAB3FD879438" bold="true" box="[400,514,1354,1380]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54EC3BA84377FFBEFE66FAB3FE789438" box="[400,509,1354,1380]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D514E834377FFBEFDE4FAB2FDE49438" box="[530,609,1355,1380]" count="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8E88D3D14377FFBEFD9BFAB2FCEA9438" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FE341C4377FFB8FEADFBA5FD8593EC:8E88D3D14377FFBEFD9BFAB2FCEA9438" box="[621,879,1355,1380]" country="China" county="Heyuan City" latitude="23.7703" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="114.6301" municipality="Xingang Town" name="Xinfengjiang Reservoir" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283" stateProvince="Guangdong">Xinfengjiang Reservoir</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8C1F704377FFBEFC8CFAB2FBA79438" box="[890,1058,1355,1380]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283">Xingang Town</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="6289FD864377FFBEFBDBFAB2FF4B94DB" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283">Heyuan City</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49934BE84377FFBEFF2EFA97FE4C94DB" box="[216,457,1390,1415]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283">Guangdong Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F340C59A4377FFBEFE22FA97FD9294DB" box="[468,535,1390,1415]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283">China</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE63E3CD4377FFBEFDD4FA97FD1394DB" box="[546,662,1390,1415]" degrees="23.7703" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283" precision="5" value="23.7703">23.7703°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE63E3CD4377FFBEFD56FA97FC9B94DB" box="[672,798,1390,1415]" degrees="114.6301" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283" precision="5" value="114.6301">114.6301°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<elevation id="007A62394377FFBEFCDFFA97FC1F94DB" box="[809,922,1390,1415]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283" unit="m" value="180.0">
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAF28EF4377FFBEFCDFFA97FCEA94DB" box="[809,879,1390,1415]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283" unit="m" value="180.0">180 m</quantity>
|
||||
asl
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
.,
|
||||
<date id="FFE9A3CA4377FFBEFC5EFA97FB0594DB" box="[936,1152,1390,1415]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283" value="2020-12-17">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="EFAD5A224377FFBEFC5EFA97FB0594DB" box="[936,1152,1390,1415]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283" value="2020-12-17">17 December 2020</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, leg.
|
||||
<collectorName id="26A2E0DC4377FFBEFF26FA68FEF294F6" box="[208,375,1425,1450]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283">Zhidong Wang</collectorName>
|
||||
(labelled as CMMI-20201217113).
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C34DD6814377FFBDFF56FA2FFEFE956F" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="1284" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4377FFBDFF56FA2FFEFE956F" blockId="1.[160,1156,1494,1728]" lastBlockId="2.[160,1156,1016,1075]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="1284" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184377FFBEFF56FA2FFE9F94AC" bold="true" box="[160,282,1494,1520]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||||
A
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C57FE894377FFBEFEB2FA2EFDD494AC" box="[324,593,1495,1520]" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184377FFBEFEB2FA2EFE7394AC" box="[324,502,1495,1520]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="1283">Mecistocephalus</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with 49 leg-bearing segments. Spiculum absent. Labrum without hairs; a pair of comma-shaped sclerites present lateral to the side-pieces. Telopodites of the first maxillae with sub-trapezoid hyaline end lobes. Coxosternite of the second maxillae undivided; metameric pore surrounded by foraminal process separated from the coxosternite. Telopodites of the second maxillae reaching those of the first maxillae, with a distinct projection on the outer-distal corner of basal article; claw present. Forcipular trochanteroprefemur with one tooth only. Sternal sulcus furcate. Coxopleura without macropore. Ultimate legs slender, without claw. Male gonopod biarticulated. Anal pores present.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="DF28D5824374FFBDFF56FCAEFE8892F5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758215" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758215" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758215/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284" startId="2.[160,225,855,878]" targetBox="[164,1151,158,807]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4374FFBDFF56FCAEFE8892F5" blockId="2.[160,1155,855,937]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184374FFBDFF56FCAEFF799232" bold="true" box="[160,252,855,878]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">Figure 1.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C57FE894374FFBDFEF2FCAEFE7A9232" authorityName="Zhao & You & Jiang" authorityYear="2024" box="[260,511,855,878]" class="Chilopoda" family="Mecistocephalidae" genus="Mecistocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Geophilomorpha" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspiculus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184374FFBDFEF2FCAEFE7A9232" box="[260,511,855,878]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">Mecistocephalus aspiculus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184374FFBDFDFEFCAEFDC69232" bold="true" box="[520,579,855,878]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A210E4634374FFBDFDFEFCAEFDC69232" box="[520,579,855,878]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(CMMI-20201217113):
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184374FFBDFCDDFCAEFCBD9232" bold="true" box="[811,824,855,878]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">a</emphasis>
|
||||
, forcipular segment and anterior leg-bearing segments, dorsal;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184374FFBDFE3AFC8DFE5F92D7" bold="true" box="[460,474,884,907]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">b</emphasis>
|
||||
, median part of body, dorsal;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184374FFBDFCFFFC8DFC9692D7" bold="true" box="[777,787,884,907]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">c</emphasis>
|
||||
, posterior part of body, dorsal. Scale bar: 1 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C34DD6814374FFB8FF56FB96FF7D9196" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="1289" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4374FFBDFF56FB96FE3595F7" blockId="2.[160,1178,1135,1715]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184374FFBDFF56FB96FEA895D5" bold="true" box="[160,301,1135,1161]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">Description.</emphasis>
|
||||
A total of 49 leg-bearing segments. Body length
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAF28EF4374FFBDFC5AFB89FB8395D5" box="[940,1030,1136,1161]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284" unit="mm" value="39.0">39 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, gradually attenuated posteriorly.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4374FFBDFF36FB4CFC4D95AD" blockId="2.[160,1178,1135,1715]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184374FFBDFF36FB4CFE979592" bold="true" box="[192,274,1205,1230]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">Colour</emphasis>
|
||||
(of preserved specimen in alcohol): head and forcipular segment dark red, trunk homogeneously yellow, without dark patches (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136C998F4374FFBDFCA1FB21FC3E95AD" box="[855,955,1240,1265]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[160,225,855,878]" captionTargetBox="[164,1151,158,807]" captionTargetId="figure-212@2.[163,1153,142,823]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Mecistocephalus aspiculus sp. n. (CMMI-20201217113): a, forcipular segment and anterior leg-bearing segments, dorsal; b, median part of body, dorsal; c, posterior part of body, dorsal. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758215" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758215/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4374FFBDFF36FB03FEA394BF" blockId="2.[160,1178,1135,1715]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184374FFBDFF36FB03FEB3944F" bold="true" box="[192,310,1274,1299]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">Antennae</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136C998F4374FFBDFEB3FB03FE35944F" box="[325,432,1274,1299]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[160,225,1187,1210]" captionTargetBox="[164,1153,143,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-108@3.[163,1153,142,1155]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Mecistocephalus aspiculus sp. n. (CMMI-20201217113): a, right antenna, ventral; b, antennal articles XIII and XIV of right antenna, dorsal; c, cephalic capsule, dorsal; d, clypeus, labrum and anterior part of cephalic pleurite, ventral, cephalic pleurite uncovered; e, cephalic capsule, ventral (maxillary complex removed); f, maxillary complex, ventral; g, forcipular segment, ventral; h, forcipular segment, dorsal. Areolation is drawn only partially but margins of areolate regions are indicated by incomplete lines. Scale bar: 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758217" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758217/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">Figure 2a</figureCitation>
|
||||
) with 14 articles, distally only slightly attenuate. Articles Ι to IV slightly asymmetrical, with internal margin longer than external margin. Articles Ⅴ to XIV symmetrical. Setae scattered on articles I to VIII, more dense and uniform in size on remaining articles. Article XIV with 15–28 claviform sensilla on the external side and 4–6 on the internal side (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136C998F4374FFBDFE3AFA7CFDBE94C2" box="[460,571,1413,1438]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[160,225,1187,1210]" captionTargetBox="[164,1153,143,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-108@3.[163,1153,142,1155]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Mecistocephalus aspiculus sp. n. (CMMI-20201217113): a, right antenna, ventral; b, antennal articles XIII and XIV of right antenna, dorsal; c, cephalic capsule, dorsal; d, clypeus, labrum and anterior part of cephalic pleurite, ventral, cephalic pleurite uncovered; e, cephalic capsule, ventral (maxillary complex removed); f, maxillary complex, ventral; g, forcipular segment, ventral; h, forcipular segment, dorsal. Areolation is drawn only partially but margins of areolate regions are indicated by incomplete lines. Scale bar: 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758217" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758217/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">Figure 2b</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Distal end of this article with 5 or 6 pin-shaped specialised sensilla (detailed description of this
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54EC3BA84374FFBDFD24FA51FC81949D" box="[722,772,1448,1473]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
of sensilla referred to in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC6F8FB4374FFBDFBC0FA51FE9C94BF" author="Foddai D & Bonato L & Pereira LA & Minelli A" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284" pagination="1247 - 1267" refId="ref4511" refString="Foddai D, Bonato L, Pereira LA, Minelli A. 2003. Phylogeny and systematics of the Arrupinae (Chilopoda Geophilomorpha Mecistocephalidae) with the description of a new dwarfed species. J Nat Hist. 37: 1247 - 1267." type="journal article" year="2003">
|
||||
Foddai
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184374FFBDFF56FA33FF5694BF" box="[160,211,1482,1507]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2003
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4374FFBDFF36FA14FB01975A" blockId="2.[160,1178,1135,1715]" box="[192,1156,1517,1542]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184374FFBDFF36FA14FEEE975A" bold="true" box="[192,363,1517,1542]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">Cephalic plate</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136C998F4374FFBDFE8CFA14FE6A975A" box="[378,495,1517,1542]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[160,225,1187,1210]" captionTargetBox="[164,1153,143,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-108@3.[163,1153,142,1155]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Mecistocephalus aspiculus sp. n. (CMMI-20201217113): a, right antenna, ventral; b, antennal articles XIII and XIV of right antenna, dorsal; c, cephalic capsule, dorsal; d, clypeus, labrum and anterior part of cephalic pleurite, ventral, cephalic pleurite uncovered; e, cephalic capsule, ventral (maxillary complex removed); f, maxillary complex, ventral; g, forcipular segment, ventral; h, forcipular segment, dorsal. Areolation is drawn only partially but margins of areolate regions are indicated by incomplete lines. Scale bar: 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758217" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758217/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">Figures 2c</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136C998F4374FFBDFE0FFA14FD96975A" box="[505,531,1517,1542]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[159,224,1046,1069]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1014]" captionTargetId="figure-129@6.[163,1153,142,1014]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4. a–d, Mecistocephalus aspiculus sp. n. (CMMI-20201217113): a, cephalic capsule, dorsal; b, clypeus, labrum and anterior part of cephalic pleurite, ventral, cephalic pleurite uncovered; c, stilus of the right cephalic pleurite, ventral; d, ultimate leg-bearing segment and postpedal segments, ventral; e, Mecistocephalus guildingii Newport, 1843, from Beihai, Guangxi (CMMI-20201122102): labrum, ventral; f, Mecistocephalus guildingii Newport, 1843 from Honghe, Yunnan (CMMI-20190123001): labrum, ventral; g, Mecistocephalus multidentatus Takakuwa, 1936, from Qingyuan, Guangdong (CMMI-20240123002): labrum, ventral; h, Mecistocephalus smithii Pocock, 1895, from Guangzhou, Guangdong (CMMI-20191014031): labrum, ventral. Scale bars: a–d = 250 μm; e, f = 50 μm; g, h = 150 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758221/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">4a</figureCitation>
|
||||
) 1.9 times longer than wide. Transverse suture present.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4374FFBDFF56F9E9FE089732" blockId="2.[160,1178,1135,1715]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">Paramedian sulci absent. Lateral margins nearly straight and convergent backwards, anterior margin convex, with a median incision, posterior margin straight. Setae arranged nearly symmetrically.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4374FFBCFF36F981FE9A9750" blockId="2.[160,1178,1135,1715]" lastBlockId="3.[160,1156,1419,1721]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="1285" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184374FFBDFF36F981FE9B97CD" bold="true" box="[192,286,1656,1681]" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">Clypeus</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136C998F4374FFBDFED9F981FE2C97CD" box="[303,425,1656,1681]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[160,225,1187,1210]" captionTargetBox="[164,1153,143,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-108@3.[163,1153,142,1155]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Mecistocephalus aspiculus sp. n. (CMMI-20201217113): a, right antenna, ventral; b, antennal articles XIII and XIV of right antenna, dorsal; c, cephalic capsule, dorsal; d, clypeus, labrum and anterior part of cephalic pleurite, ventral, cephalic pleurite uncovered; e, cephalic capsule, ventral (maxillary complex removed); f, maxillary complex, ventral; g, forcipular segment, ventral; h, forcipular segment, dorsal. Areolation is drawn only partially but margins of areolate regions are indicated by incomplete lines. Scale bar: 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758217" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758217/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">Figures 2d</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136C998F4374FFBDFE40F981FE5697CD" box="[438,467,1656,1681]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[159,224,1046,1069]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1014]" captionTargetId="figure-129@6.[163,1153,142,1014]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4. a–d, Mecistocephalus aspiculus sp. n. (CMMI-20201217113): a, cephalic capsule, dorsal; b, clypeus, labrum and anterior part of cephalic pleurite, ventral, cephalic pleurite uncovered; c, stilus of the right cephalic pleurite, ventral; d, ultimate leg-bearing segment and postpedal segments, ventral; e, Mecistocephalus guildingii Newport, 1843, from Beihai, Guangxi (CMMI-20201122102): labrum, ventral; f, Mecistocephalus guildingii Newport, 1843 from Honghe, Yunnan (CMMI-20190123001): labrum, ventral; g, Mecistocephalus multidentatus Takakuwa, 1936, from Qingyuan, Guangdong (CMMI-20240123002): labrum, ventral; h, Mecistocephalus smithii Pocock, 1895, from Guangzhou, Guangdong (CMMI-20191014031): labrum, ventral. Scale bars: a–d = 250 μm; e, f = 50 μm; g, h = 150 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758221/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="1284">4b</figureCitation>
|
||||
) 1.6 times wider than long. Clypeal plagulae sub-trapezoid, laterally in contact with the paraclypeal sutures, separated by a mid-longitudinal areolate stripe extending along the lateral margins of the clypeus. Areolate part present along anterior half of clypeus, with about 10 pairs of setae inside several smooth insulae. The ratio of the length of the areolate and non-areolate parts (plagulae) of the clypeus is about 0.45.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF28D5824375FFBCFF56FB5AFE149410" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758217" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758217" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758217/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="1285" startId="3.[160,225,1187,1210]" targetBox="[164,1153,143,1154]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4375FFBCFF56FB5AFE149410" blockId="3.[160,1157,1187,1356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1285">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184375FFBCFF56FB5AFF7C95E6" bold="true" box="[160,249,1187,1210]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1285">Figure 2.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C57FE894375FFBCFEF6FB5AFE7C95E6" authorityName="Zhao & You & Jiang" authorityYear="2024" box="[256,505,1187,1210]" class="Chilopoda" family="Mecistocephalidae" genus="Mecistocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Geophilomorpha" pageId="3" pageNumber="1285" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspiculus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184375FFBCFEF6FB5AFE7C95E6" box="[256,505,1187,1210]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="1285">Mecistocephalus aspiculus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184375FFBCFE09FB5AFDBD95E6" bold="true" box="[511,568,1187,1210]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1285">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A210E4634375FFBCFE09FB5AFDBD95E6" box="[511,568,1187,1210]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1285" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(CMMI-20201217113):
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184375FFBCFCEDFB5AFCAD95E6" bold="true" box="[795,808,1187,1210]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1285">a</emphasis>
|
||||
, right antenna, ventral;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184375FFBCFBE5FB5AFBA495E6" bold="true" box="[1043,1057,1187,1210]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1285">b</emphasis>
|
||||
, antennal articles XIII and XIV of right antenna, dorsal;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184375FFBCFDBBFB39FDD2958B" bold="true" box="[589,599,1216,1239]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1285">c</emphasis>
|
||||
, cephalic capsule, dorsal;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184375FFBCFCA5FB39FCE4958B" bold="true" box="[851,865,1216,1239]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1285">d</emphasis>
|
||||
, clypeus, labrum and anterior part of cephalic pleurite, ventral, cephalic pleurite uncovered;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184375FFBCFCF9FB24FC9995A8" bold="true" box="[783,796,1245,1268]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1285">e</emphasis>
|
||||
, cephalic capsule, ventral (maxillary complex removed);
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184375FFBCFE94FB02FEEF944E" bold="true" box="[354,362,1275,1298]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1285">f</emphasis>
|
||||
, maxillary complex, ventral;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184375FFBCFD77FB02FD0A944E" bold="true" box="[641,655,1275,1298]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1285">g</emphasis>
|
||||
, forcipular segment, ventral;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184375FFBCFC5AFB02FC3F944E" bold="true" box="[940,954,1275,1298]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1285">h</emphasis>
|
||||
, forcipular segment, dorsal. Areolation is drawn only partially but margins of areolate regions are indicated by incomplete lines. Scale bar: 500 μm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4375FFBBFF36F9ECFCBB9759" blockId="3.[160,1156,1419,1721]" lastBlockId="4.[160,1157,1412,1714]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="1286" pageId="3" pageNumber="1285">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184375FFBCFF36F9ECFE9A9772" bold="true" box="[192,287,1557,1582]" pageId="3" pageNumber="1285">Labrum</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136C998F4375FFBCFECDF9ECFE389772" box="[315,445,1557,1582]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[160,225,1187,1210]" captionTargetBox="[164,1153,143,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-108@3.[163,1153,142,1155]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Mecistocephalus aspiculus sp. n. (CMMI-20201217113): a, right antenna, ventral; b, antennal articles XIII and XIV of right antenna, dorsal; c, cephalic capsule, dorsal; d, clypeus, labrum and anterior part of cephalic pleurite, ventral, cephalic pleurite uncovered; e, cephalic capsule, ventral (maxillary complex removed); f, maxillary complex, ventral; g, forcipular segment, ventral; h, forcipular segment, dorsal. Areolation is drawn only partially but margins of areolate regions are indicated by incomplete lines. Scale bar: 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758217" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758217/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="1285">Figures 2d</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136C998F4375FFBCFE38F9ECFE6E9772" box="[462,491,1557,1582]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[159,224,1046,1069]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1014]" captionTargetId="figure-129@6.[163,1153,142,1014]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4. a–d, Mecistocephalus aspiculus sp. n. (CMMI-20201217113): a, cephalic capsule, dorsal; b, clypeus, labrum and anterior part of cephalic pleurite, ventral, cephalic pleurite uncovered; c, stilus of the right cephalic pleurite, ventral; d, ultimate leg-bearing segment and postpedal segments, ventral; e, Mecistocephalus guildingii Newport, 1843, from Beihai, Guangxi (CMMI-20201122102): labrum, ventral; f, Mecistocephalus guildingii Newport, 1843 from Honghe, Yunnan (CMMI-20190123001): labrum, ventral; g, Mecistocephalus multidentatus Takakuwa, 1936, from Qingyuan, Guangdong (CMMI-20240123002): labrum, ventral; h, Mecistocephalus smithii Pocock, 1895, from Guangzhou, Guangdong (CMMI-20191014031): labrum, ventral. Scale bars: a–d = 250 μm; e, f = 50 μm; g, h = 150 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758221/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="1285">4b</figureCitation>
|
||||
) Mid-piece ca. 1.5 times longer than wide, uniformly sclerotised, posteriorly pointed. A pair of comma-shaped sclerites on the external side of side-pieces, well sclerotised. Side-pieces sub-trapezoid, divided into anterior and posterior alae by a transverse thickened line, which is convex forwards on the medial part. Anterior margin of each anterior ala sinuous, with internal margins evidently convergent backwards, external margins convergent forwards. Posterior alae of the labrum without longitudinal stripes, without setae or hair-like projections along the posterior margin. Posterior margin of each posterior ala sinuous, slightly convex close to the internal and external ends.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF28D5824372FFBBFF56FB6BFBA49460" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758219" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758219" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758219/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1286" startId="4.[160,225,1170,1193]" targetBox="[163,1152,144,1138]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4372FFBBFF56FB6BFBA49460" blockId="4.[160,1157,1170,1340]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1286">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184372FFBBFF56FB6BFF7895F5" bold="true" box="[160,253,1170,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1286">Figure 3.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C57FE894372FFBBFEF1FB6BFD8695F5" authorityName="Zhao & You & Jiang" authorityYear="2024" box="[263,515,1170,1193]" class="Chilopoda" family="Mecistocephalidae" genus="Mecistocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Geophilomorpha" pageId="4" pageNumber="1286" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspiculus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184372FFBBFEF1FB6BFD8695F5" box="[263,515,1170,1193]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1286">Mecistocephalus aspiculus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184372FFBBFDFBFB6BFDCC95F5" bold="true" box="[525,585,1170,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1286">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A210E4634372FFBBFDFBFB6BFDCC95F5" box="[525,585,1170,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1286" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(CMMI-20201217113):
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184372FFBBFCC5FB6BFCC595F5" bold="true" box="[819,832,1170,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1286">a</emphasis>
|
||||
, distal part of left mandible;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184372FFBBFB86FB6BFBFB95F5" bold="true" box="[1136,1150,1170,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1286">b</emphasis>
|
||||
, sternite of leg-bearing segment, ventral (setae not represented);
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184372FFBBFCD2FB49FCAB959B" bold="true" box="[804,814,1200,1223]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1286">c</emphasis>
|
||||
, tergites of leg-bearing segments, dorsal;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184372FFBBFF11FB34FF7095B8" bold="true" box="[231,245,1229,1252]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1286">d</emphasis>
|
||||
, posterior part of trunk, ventral (with left penultimate leg and left telopodite of ultimate legbearing segment, setae on postpedal segments not represented);
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184372FFBBFCC8FB13FCCE945D" bold="true" box="[830,843,1258,1281]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1286">e</emphasis>
|
||||
, ultimate leg-bearing segment and postpedal segments, dorsal;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184372FFBBFE19FAF1FE729443" bold="true" box="[495,503,1288,1311]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1286">f</emphasis>
|
||||
, ultimate leg-bearing segment and postpedal segments, ventral (setae represented only on postpedal segments). Scale bars: a, b = 100 μm; c–f = 500 μm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4372FFBBFF36F9F6FE999731" blockId="4.[160,1157,1412,1714]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1286">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184372FFBBFF36F9F6FE089774" bold="true" box="[192,397,1551,1576]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1286">Cephalic pleurite</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136C998F4372FFBBFE6AF9F6FD839774" box="[412,518,1551,1576]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[160,225,1187,1210]" captionTargetBox="[164,1153,143,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-108@3.[163,1153,142,1155]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Mecistocephalus aspiculus sp. n. (CMMI-20201217113): a, right antenna, ventral; b, antennal articles XIII and XIV of right antenna, dorsal; c, cephalic capsule, dorsal; d, clypeus, labrum and anterior part of cephalic pleurite, ventral, cephalic pleurite uncovered; e, cephalic capsule, ventral (maxillary complex removed); f, maxillary complex, ventral; g, forcipular segment, ventral; h, forcipular segment, dorsal. Areolation is drawn only partially but margins of areolate regions are indicated by incomplete lines. Scale bar: 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758217" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758217/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1286">Figure 2e</figureCitation>
|
||||
) without spiculum. Areolate part present along anterior margin and paraclypeal suture. Setae absent. Stilus present, without anterior incision (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136C998F4372FFBBFF5EF9ADFE8A9731" box="[168,271,1620,1645]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[159,224,1046,1069]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1014]" captionTargetId="figure-129@6.[163,1153,142,1014]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4. a–d, Mecistocephalus aspiculus sp. n. (CMMI-20201217113): a, cephalic capsule, dorsal; b, clypeus, labrum and anterior part of cephalic pleurite, ventral, cephalic pleurite uncovered; c, stilus of the right cephalic pleurite, ventral; d, ultimate leg-bearing segment and postpedal segments, ventral; e, Mecistocephalus guildingii Newport, 1843, from Beihai, Guangxi (CMMI-20201122102): labrum, ventral; f, Mecistocephalus guildingii Newport, 1843 from Honghe, Yunnan (CMMI-20190123001): labrum, ventral; g, Mecistocephalus multidentatus Takakuwa, 1936, from Qingyuan, Guangdong (CMMI-20240123002): labrum, ventral; h, Mecistocephalus smithii Pocock, 1895, from Guangzhou, Guangdong (CMMI-20191014031): labrum, ventral. Scale bars: a–d = 250 μm; e, f = 50 μm; g, h = 150 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758221/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1286">Figure 4c</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4372FFBAFF36F98EFE9792DC" blockId="4.[160,1157,1412,1714]" lastBlockId="5.[160,1157,767,1728]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="1287" pageId="4" pageNumber="1286">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184372FFBBFF36F98EFEE297CC" bold="true" box="[192,359,1655,1680]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1286">First maxillae</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136C998F4372FFBBFE76F98EFE6C97CC" box="[384,489,1655,1680]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[160,225,1187,1210]" captionTargetBox="[164,1153,143,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-108@3.[163,1153,142,1155]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Mecistocephalus aspiculus sp. n. (CMMI-20201217113): a, right antenna, ventral; b, antennal articles XIII and XIV of right antenna, dorsal; c, cephalic capsule, dorsal; d, clypeus, labrum and anterior part of cephalic pleurite, ventral, cephalic pleurite uncovered; e, cephalic capsule, ventral (maxillary complex removed); f, maxillary complex, ventral; g, forcipular segment, ventral; h, forcipular segment, dorsal. Areolation is drawn only partially but margins of areolate regions are indicated by incomplete lines. Scale bar: 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758217" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758217/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1286">Figure 2f</figureCitation>
|
||||
) Coxosternite ca. 1.6 times wider than long, divided by mid-longitudinal suture, with antero-external corners pointed forwards; two pairs of setae present. Coxal projections and telopodites both well developed, each comprising a sclerotised proximal half with setae and a hyaline terminal half without setae. Hyaline end lobes of telopodites curved inwards, with distal part thickened into sub-trapezoid.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF28D5824373FFBAFF56FF77FCA491BC" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287" startId="5.[160,216,142,165]" targetType="table">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4373FFBAFF56FF77FCA491BC" blockId="5.[160,1156,142,224]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184373FFBAFF56FF77FF7791F9" bold="true" box="[160,242,142,165]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Table 1.</emphasis>
|
||||
Main differential characters between
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C57FE894373FFBAFD9AFF77FCFF91F9" authority="Jiang and You" authorityName="Jiang and You" authorityYear="2024" box="[620,890,142,165]" class="Chilopoda" family="Mecistocephalidae" genus="Mecistocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Geophilomorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspiculus" status="sp. n.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184373FFBAFD9AFF77FD6791F9" box="[620,738,142,165]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">M. aspiculus</emphasis>
|
||||
Jiang and You
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184373FFBAFC72FF77FC3B91F9" bold="true" box="[900,958,142,165]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A210E4634373FFBAFC72FF77FC3B91F9" box="[900,958,142,165]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C57FE894373FFBAFC04FF77FEC7919E" authority="Takakuwa, 1936" authorityName="Takakuwa" authorityYear="1936" class="Chilopoda" family="Mecistocephalidae" genus="Mecistocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Geophilomorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanagiharai">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184373FFBAFC04FF77FB0191F9" box="[1010,1156,142,165]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">M. yanagiharai</emphasis>
|
||||
Takakuwa, 1936
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Character states of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C57FE894373FFBAFDE8FF52FD31919E" authorityName="Takakuwa" authorityYear="1936" box="[542,692,171,194]" class="Chilopoda" family="Mecistocephalidae" genus="Mecistocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Geophilomorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanagiharai">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184373FFBAFDE8FF52FD31919E" box="[542,692,171,194]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">M. yanagiharai</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are based on the description and reference pictures published by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC6F8FB4373FFBAFE8BFF30FDB391BC" author="Uliana M & Bonato L & Minelli A" box="[381,566,201,224]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287" pagination="1 - 84" refId="ref4802" refString="Uliana M, Bonato L, Minelli A. 2007. The Mecistocephalidae of the Japanese and Taiwanese islands (Chilopoda: Geophilomorpha). Zootaxa. 1396 (1): 1 - 84. doi: 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1396.1.1." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||||
Uliana
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184373FFBAFE37FF30FE7791BC" box="[449,498,201,224]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2007)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC6F8FB4373FFBAFD9CFF30FC9891BC" author="Takakuwa Y" box="[618,797,201,224]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287" pagination="435 - 439" refId="ref4743" refString="Takakuwa Y. 1936 a. Uber eine neue Gattung und zwei neue Arten von Mecistocephalidae aus Formosa. Trans Nat Hist Soc Formosa, Taipei. 26 (159): 435 - 439." type="journal article" year="1936">Takakuwa (1936a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4373FFBAFDD5FF14FE0993FC" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
<table id="F95777AA43730040FF5DFF14FBE793FC" box="[171,1122,237,672]" gridcols="3" gridrows="18" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
<tr id="3567874843730040FF5DFF14FBE7905D" box="[171,1122,237,257]" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287" rowspan-0="1">
|
||||
<th id="76B6EE3443730040FE04FF14FCB6905D" box="[498,819,237,257]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C57FE894373FFBAFDD5FF14FC88905D" authorityName="Takakuwa" authorityYear="1936" box="[547,781,237,257]" class="Chilopoda" family="Mecistocephalidae" genus="Mecistocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Geophilomorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanagiharai">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184373FFBAFDD5FF14FC88905D" box="[547,781,237,257]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Mecistocephalus yanagiharai</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="76B6EE3443730040FCB8FF14FBE7905D" box="[846,1122,237,257]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C57FE894373FFBAFC8CFF14FBC9905D" authorityName="Jiang and You" authorityYear="2024" box="[890,1100,237,257]" class="Chilopoda" family="Mecistocephalidae" genus="Mecistocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Geophilomorpha" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspiculus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184373FFBAFC8CFF14FBC9905D" box="[890,1100,237,257]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Mecistocephalus aspiculus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="3567874843730040FF5DFEFCFBE79045" box="[171,1122,261,281]" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
<th id="76B6EE3443730040FF5DFEFCFE679045" box="[171,482,261,281]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Species</th>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FE04FEFCFCB69045" box="[498,819,261,281]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Takakuwa, 1936</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FCB8FEFCFBE79045" box="[846,1122,261,281]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
Jiang and You,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184373FFBAFBFDFEFCFBB99045" bold="true" box="[1035,1084,261,281]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">sp. n.</emphasis>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="3567874843730040FF5DFEDDFBE79064" box="[171,1122,292,312]" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
<th id="76B6EE3443730040FF5DFEDDFE679064" box="[171,482,292,312]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Clypeus: width/length</th>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FE04FEDDFCB69064" box="[498,819,292,312]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">1.2</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FCB8FEDDFBE79064" box="[846,1122,292,312]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">1.6</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="3567874843730040FF5DFEC5FBE7900C" box="[171,1122,316,336]" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
<th id="76B6EE3443730040FF5DFEC5FE67900C" box="[171,482,316,336]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Clypeus: areolate part length/non-</th>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FE04FEC5FCB6900C" box="[498,819,316,336]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">1.45</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FCB8FEC5FBE7900C" box="[846,1122,316,336]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">0.45</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="3567874843730040FF5DFEADFBE79034" box="[171,1122,340,360]" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||||
<th id="76B6EE3443730040FF5DFEADFE679034" box="[171,482,340,360]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">areolate (plagulae) part length</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="3567874843730040FF5DFE95FBE790DC" box="[171,1122,364,384]" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
<th id="76B6EE3443730040FF5DFE95FE6790DC" box="[171,482,364,384]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Sensilla of clypeal plagulae</th>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FE04FE95FCB690DC" box="[498,819,364,384]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Absent</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FCB8FE95FBE790DC" box="[846,1122,364,384]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Present</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="3567874843730040FF5DFE7DFBE790C4" box="[171,1122,388,408]" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
<th id="76B6EE3443730040FF5DFE7DFE6790C4" box="[171,482,388,408]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Labral mid-piece: shape of posterior</th>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FE04FE7DFCB690C4" box="[498,819,388,408]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Sub-fusiform</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FCB8FE7DFBE790C4" box="[846,1122,388,408]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Inverted triangular</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="3567874843730040FF5DFE65FBE790EC" box="[171,1122,412,432]" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||||
<th id="76B6EE3443730040FF5DFE65FE6790EC" box="[171,482,412,432]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">margin</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="3567874843730040FF5DFE4DFBE79094" box="[171,1122,436,456]" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
<th id="76B6EE3443730040FF5DFE4DFE679094" box="[171,482,436,456]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Labral side-piece: shape of anterior</th>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FE04FE4DFCB69094" box="[498,819,436,456]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Almost straight, with external margins</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FCB8FE4DFBE79094" box="[846,1122,436,456]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Sinuous, with external margins</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="3567874843730040FF5DFE35FBE790BC" box="[171,1122,460,480]" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
<th id="76B6EE3443730040FF5DFE35FE6790BC" box="[171,482,460,480]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">margin</th>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FE04FE35FCB690BC" box="[498,819,460,480]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">slightly convergent backwards</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FCB8FE35FBE790BC" box="[846,1122,460,480]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">evidently convergent forwards</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="3567874843730040FF5DFE1DFBE790A4" box="[171,1122,484,504]" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
<th id="76B6EE3443730040FF5DFE1DFE6790A4" box="[171,482,484,504]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Labral side-piece: shape of posterior</th>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FE04FE1DFCB690A4" box="[498,819,484,504]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Straight</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FCB8FE1DFBE790A4" box="[846,1122,484,504]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Convex close to the internal and</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="3567874843730040FF5DFE05FBE7934C" box="[171,1122,508,528]" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287" rowspan-1="1">
|
||||
<th id="76B6EE3443730040FF5DFE05FE67934C" box="[171,482,508,528]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">margin</th>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FCB8FE05FBE7934C" box="[846,1122,508,528]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">external ends</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="3567874843730040FF5DFDEDFBE79374" box="[171,1122,532,552]" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
<th id="76B6EE3443730040FF5DFDEDFE679374" box="[171,482,532,552]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Additional sclerite on the external of</th>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FE04FDEDFCB69374" box="[498,819,532,552]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Absent</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FCB8FDEDFBE79374" box="[846,1122,532,552]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Present (comma-shaped)</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="3567874843730040FF5DFDD5FBE7931C" box="[171,1122,556,576]" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||||
<th id="76B6EE3443730040FF5DFDD5FE67931C" box="[171,482,556,576]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">side-piece</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="3567874843730040FF5DFDBDFBE79304" box="[171,1122,580,600]" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
<th id="76B6EE3443730040FF5DFDBDFE679304" box="[171,482,580,600]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">First maxillary coxal projection: shape</th>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FE04FDBDFCB69304" box="[498,819,580,600]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Clavate, sub-triangular</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FCB8FDBDFBE79304" box="[846,1122,580,600]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Sub-trapezoid</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="3567874843730040FF5DFDA5FBE7932C" box="[171,1122,604,624]" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||||
<th id="76B6EE3443730040FF5DFDA5FE67932C" box="[171,482,604,624]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">of distal lobe</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="3567874843730040FF5DFD8DFBE793D4" box="[171,1122,628,648]" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
<th id="76B6EE3443730040FF5DFD8DFE6793D4" box="[171,482,628,648]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Article I of second maxillary</th>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FE04FD8DFCB693D4" box="[498,819,628,648]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">4.5</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B6EE3443730040FCB8FD8DFBE793D4" box="[846,1122,628,648]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">4</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="3567874843730040FF5DFD75FBE793FC" box="[171,1122,652,672]" gridrow="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||||
<th id="76B6EE3443730040FF5DFD75FE6793FC" box="[171,482,652,672]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">telopodite: length/width</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4373FFBAFF36FC73FE1A9587" blockId="5.[160,1157,767,1728]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184373FFBAFF36FC73FE0092FF" bold="true" box="[192,389,906,931]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Second maxillae</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136C998F4373FFBAFE6CFC73FE7A92FF" box="[410,511,906,931]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[160,225,1187,1210]" captionTargetBox="[164,1153,143,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-108@3.[163,1153,142,1155]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Mecistocephalus aspiculus sp. n. (CMMI-20201217113): a, right antenna, ventral; b, antennal articles XIII and XIV of right antenna, dorsal; c, cephalic capsule, dorsal; d, clypeus, labrum and anterior part of cephalic pleurite, ventral, cephalic pleurite uncovered; e, cephalic capsule, ventral (maxillary complex removed); f, maxillary complex, ventral; g, forcipular segment, ventral; h, forcipular segment, dorsal. Areolation is drawn only partially but margins of areolate regions are indicated by incomplete lines. Scale bar: 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758217" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758217/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Figure 2f</figureCitation>
|
||||
) Coxosternite undivided, ca. 1.2 times longer than wide; anterior and posterior margins concave, lateral margins parallel, posterior corners only slightly projecting externally; areolation on medial and posterior part, with a few pores and setae mostly present along the posterior part. Foraminal process surrounding the metameric pore separated from lateral margin of coxosternite. Telopodites reaching the telopodites of first maxillae; article 1 of telopodite four-times longer than wide, curved outwards, with distal setae on the internal side and a distinct projection on the outer-distal corner. Article 2 of telopodite 1.4 times longer than wide, with distal setae on the internal side. Article 3 three-times longer than wide, with distal end densely setose; apical claw simple and small.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4373FFBAFF36FB1CFB019492" blockId="5.[160,1157,767,1728]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184373FFBAFF36FB1CFE2895A2" bold="true" box="[192,429,1253,1278]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Forcipular segment</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136C998F4373FFBAFE36FB1CFDCA95A2" box="[448,591,1253,1278]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[160,225,1187,1210]" captionTargetBox="[164,1153,143,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-108@3.[163,1153,142,1155]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Mecistocephalus aspiculus sp. n. (CMMI-20201217113): a, right antenna, ventral; b, antennal articles XIII and XIV of right antenna, dorsal; c, cephalic capsule, dorsal; d, clypeus, labrum and anterior part of cephalic pleurite, ventral, cephalic pleurite uncovered; e, cephalic capsule, ventral (maxillary complex removed); f, maxillary complex, ventral; g, forcipular segment, ventral; h, forcipular segment, dorsal. Areolation is drawn only partially but margins of areolate regions are indicated by incomplete lines. Scale bar: 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758217" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758217/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
Figure
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAF28EF4373FFBAFDE4FB1CFDB495A2" box="[530,561,1253,1278]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287" unit="g" value="2.0">2g</quantity>
|
||||
, h
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
) with setae on both dorsal and ventral surface. Forcipular tergite sub-trapezoid, 1.2 times wider than long. Coxosternite 1.2 times wider than long, anterior margin with a pair of stout teeth; scapular points of pleura not reaching the anterior margin of coxosternite. Trochanteroprefemur two-times longer than wide, with a single distal tooth. Femur, tibia and tarsungulum each with a tooth smaller than the distal tooth of trochanteroprefemur; the tooth of tarsungulum not pigmented. Tarsungulum uniformly tapering towards the tip, most of the distal part dark.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4373FFBAFF36FA2EFF7C9704" blockId="5.[160,1157,767,1728]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184373FFBAFF36FA2EFEB694AC" bold="true" box="[192,307,1495,1520]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Mandible</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136C998F4373FFBAFEB0FA2EFE3094AC" box="[326,437,1495,1520]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1170,1193]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1138]" captionTargetId="figure-97@4.[163,1153,142,1139]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Mecistocephalus aspiculus sp. n. (CMMI-20201217113): a, distal part of left mandible; b, sternite of leg-bearing segment, ventral (setae not represented); c, tergites of leg-bearing segments, dorsal; d, posterior part of trunk, ventral (with left penultimate leg and left telopodite of ultimate legbearing segment, setae on postpedal segments not represented); e, ultimate leg-bearing segment and postpedal segments, dorsal; f, ultimate leg-bearing segment and postpedal segments, ventral (setae represented only on postpedal segments). Scale bars: a, b = 100 μm; c–f = 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758219" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758219/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Figure 3a</figureCitation>
|
||||
) with ca. 6 well-developed and ca. 2 rudimentary pectinate lamellae; first lamella with 6 teeth, similar in size; intermediate lamellae with 11–15 teeth, gradually decreasing in length from the distal to the basal end on each lamella.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4373FFB9FF36F99BFB0194D2" blockId="5.[160,1157,767,1728]" lastBlockId="6.[159,1156,1362,1665]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="1288" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184373FFBAFF36F99BFE839727" bold="true" box="[192,262,1634,1659]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Trunk</emphasis>
|
||||
(excepting ultimate leg-bearing segment). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136C998F4373FFBAFD09F99BFC039727" box="[767,902,1634,1659]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1170,1193]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1138]" captionTargetId="figure-97@4.[163,1153,142,1139]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Mecistocephalus aspiculus sp. n. (CMMI-20201217113): a, distal part of left mandible; b, sternite of leg-bearing segment, ventral (setae not represented); c, tergites of leg-bearing segments, dorsal; d, posterior part of trunk, ventral (with left penultimate leg and left telopodite of ultimate legbearing segment, setae on postpedal segments not represented); e, ultimate leg-bearing segment and postpedal segments, dorsal; f, ultimate leg-bearing segment and postpedal segments, ventral (setae represented only on postpedal segments). Scale bars: a, b = 100 μm; c–f = 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758219" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758219/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1287">Figure 3b, c</figureCitation>
|
||||
) Sternal sulci of trunk segments furcated, apparently present from the first to the fourteenth sternites (then fading into shallow and not furcated sulci), bifurcation pointed at half the total length of sulcus, angle between branches ca. 100° at the base; sternal pores absent. First pair of legs much smaller than the others. All leg claws without anterior or posterior accessory spurs.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF28D5824370FFB9FF69FBEFFF77944B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758221" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758221/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288" startId="6.[159,224,1046,1069]" targetBox="[163,1153,142,1014]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4370FFB9FF69FBEFFF77944B" blockId="6.[159,1157,1046,1303]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184370FFB9FF69FBEFFEA39571" bold="true" box="[159,294,1046,1069]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288">Figure 4. a–d</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C57FE894370FFB9FECEFBEFFDB69571" authorityName="Zhao & You & Jiang" authorityYear="2024" box="[312,563,1046,1069]" class="Chilopoda" family="Mecistocephalidae" genus="Mecistocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Geophilomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspiculus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184370FFB9FECEFBEFFDB69571" box="[312,563,1046,1069]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288">Mecistocephalus aspiculus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184370FFB9FDCDFBEFFDF39571" bold="true" box="[571,630,1046,1069]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288">
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A210E4634370FFB9FDCDFBEFFDF39571" box="[571,630,1046,1069]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(CMMI-20201217113):
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184370FFB9FCA8FBEFFCEE9571" bold="true" box="[862,875,1046,1069]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288">a</emphasis>
|
||||
, cephalic capsule, dorsal;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184370FFB9FB86FBEFFBFB9571" bold="true" box="[1136,1150,1046,1069]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288">b</emphasis>
|
||||
, clypeus, labrum and anterior part of cephalic pleurite, ventral, cephalic pleurite uncovered;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184370FFB9FBD4FBCAFBA99516" bold="true" box="[1058,1068,1075,1098]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288">c</emphasis>
|
||||
, stilus of the right cephalic pleurite, ventral;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184370FFB9FE0FFBA9FD82953B" bold="true" box="[505,519,1104,1127]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288">d</emphasis>
|
||||
, ultimate leg-bearing segment and postpedal segments, ventral;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184370FFB9FF56FB97FF2895D9" bold="true" box="[160,173,1134,1157]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288">e</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C57FE894370FFB9FF4BFB97FDDA95D9" authority="Newport, 1843" authorityName="Newport" authorityYear="1843" box="[189,607,1134,1157]" class="Chilopoda" family="Mecistocephalidae" genus="Mecistocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Geophilomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guildingii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184370FFB9FF4BFB97FE3B95D9" box="[189,446,1134,1157]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288">Mecistocephalus guildingii</emphasis>
|
||||
Newport, 1843
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, from Beihai, Guangxi (CMMI-20201122102): labrum, ventral;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184370FFB9FF03FB72FF7895FE" bold="true" box="[245,253,1163,1186]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288">f</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C57FE894370FFB9FEFBFB72FD2A95FE" authority="Newport, 1843" authorityName="Newport" authorityYear="1843" box="[269,687,1163,1186]" class="Chilopoda" family="Mecistocephalidae" genus="Mecistocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Geophilomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guildingii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184370FFB9FEFBFB72FD8B95FE" box="[269,526,1163,1186]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288">Mecistocephalus guildingii</emphasis>
|
||||
Newport, 1843
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from Honghe, Yunnan (CMMI-20190123001): labrum, ventral;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184370FFB9FEB9FB51FED895E3" bold="true" box="[335,349,1192,1215]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288">g</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C57FE894370FFB9FE9BFB51FCD595E3" authority="Takakuwa, 1936" authorityName="Takakuwa" authorityYear="1936" box="[365,848,1192,1215]" class="Chilopoda" family="Mecistocephalidae" genus="Mecistocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Geophilomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multidentatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184370FFB9FE9BFB51FD2595E3" box="[365,672,1192,1215]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288">Mecistocephalus multidentatus</emphasis>
|
||||
Takakuwa, 1936
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, from Qingyuan, Guangdong (CMMI-20240123002): labrum, ventral;
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184370FFB9FDDBFB3FFDBE9581" bold="true" box="[557,571,1222,1245]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288">h</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C57FE894370FFB9FDBAFB3FFC469581" authority="Pocock, 1895" authorityName="Pocock" authorityYear="1895" box="[588,963,1222,1245]" class="Chilopoda" family="Mecistocephalidae" genus="Mecistocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Geophilomorpha" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="smithii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184370FFB9FDBAFB3FFCB69581" box="[588,819,1222,1245]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288">Mecistocephalus smithii</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC6F8FB4370FFB9FCCBFB3FFC469581" author="Pocock RI" box="[829,963,1222,1245]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288" pagination="346 - 372" refId="ref4667" refString="Pocock RI. 1895. Report upon the Chilopoda and Diplopoda obtained by P. W. Bassett-Smith Esq. Surgeon R. N. and J. J. Walker Esq. R. N. during the cruise in the Chinese seas of H. M. S. " Penguin " Commander W. U. Moore commanding. Ann Mag Nat Hist. 15 (6): 346 - 372." type="journal article" year="1895">Pocock, 1895</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, from Guangzhou, Guangdong (CMMI-20191014031): labrum, ventral. Scale bars: a–d = 250 μm; e, f = 50 μm; g, h = 150 μm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4370FFB8FF36FA61FF7D9196" blockId="6.[159,1156,1362,1665]" lastBlockId="7.[159,1154,142,202]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="1289" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184370FFB9FF36FA61FDAD94ED" bold="true" box="[192,552,1432,1457]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288">Ultimate leg-bearing segment</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136C998F4370FFB9FDC9FA61FD4994ED" box="[575,716,1432,1457]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[160,225,1170,1193]" captionTargetBox="[163,1152,144,1138]" captionTargetId="figure-97@4.[163,1153,142,1139]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Mecistocephalus aspiculus sp. n. (CMMI-20201217113): a, distal part of left mandible; b, sternite of leg-bearing segment, ventral (setae not represented); c, tergites of leg-bearing segments, dorsal; d, posterior part of trunk, ventral (with left penultimate leg and left telopodite of ultimate legbearing segment, setae on postpedal segments not represented); e, ultimate leg-bearing segment and postpedal segments, dorsal; f, ultimate leg-bearing segment and postpedal segments, ventral (setae represented only on postpedal segments). Scale bars: a, b = 100 μm; c–f = 500 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758219" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758219/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288">Figures 3d–f</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="136C998F4370FFB9FD2CFA61FD7394ED" box="[730,758,1432,1457]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[159,224,1046,1069]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1014]" captionTargetId="figure-129@6.[163,1153,142,1014]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4. a–d, Mecistocephalus aspiculus sp. n. (CMMI-20201217113): a, cephalic capsule, dorsal; b, clypeus, labrum and anterior part of cephalic pleurite, ventral, cephalic pleurite uncovered; c, stilus of the right cephalic pleurite, ventral; d, ultimate leg-bearing segment and postpedal segments, ventral; e, Mecistocephalus guildingii Newport, 1843, from Beihai, Guangxi (CMMI-20201122102): labrum, ventral; f, Mecistocephalus guildingii Newport, 1843 from Honghe, Yunnan (CMMI-20190123001): labrum, ventral; g, Mecistocephalus multidentatus Takakuwa, 1936, from Qingyuan, Guangdong (CMMI-20240123002): labrum, ventral; h, Mecistocephalus smithii Pocock, 1895, from Guangzhou, Guangdong (CMMI-20191014031): labrum, ventral. Scale bars: a–d = 250 μm; e, f = 50 μm; g, h = 150 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758221" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758221/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1288">4d</figureCitation>
|
||||
) Tergite sub-rectangular, 1.4 times longer than wide. Metasternite with pillow-like process. Coxopleuron about 1.1 times as long as tergite and two-times longer than sternite.About 18 coxal pores on each coxopleuron, on ventral and lateral sides only, diverse in size but without conspicuous macropore. Setae scattered on all tergites, sternites and coxopleuron, much denser on coxopleuron. Ultimate leg telopodite 4.1 times longer than tergite and 2.2 times longer than the preceding leg pair. Telopodite of 6 articles, not swollen, with scattered setae, without pretarsus. Anal pore on each ventro-lateral side of postpedal segments. Gonopod biarticulated, with few setae; penis present.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C34DD6814371FFB8FF56FF0FFDA39053" box="[160,550,246,272]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1289" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4371FFB8FF56FF0FFDA39053" blockId="7.[160,550,246,272]" box="[160,550,246,272]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1289">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184371FFB8FF56FF0FFEB6904C" bold="true" box="[160,307,246,272]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1289">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F340C59A4371FFB8FEB5FF0FFE069053" box="[323,387,246,271]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="1289">China</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49934BE84371FFB8FE66FF0FFD9E9053" box="[400,539,246,271]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="7" pageNumber="1289">Guangdong</collectingRegion>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C34DD6814371FFB8FF56FEC2FE4990C6" pageId="7" pageNumber="1289" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4371FFB8FF56FEC2FE4990C6" blockId="7.[160,1155,315,410]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1289">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184371FFB8FF56FEC2FEA19009" bold="true" box="[160,292,315,341]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1289">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||||
This adjective, in masculine gender, combines ‘a-’ (meaning ‘without’ or ‘lacking’ in Greek) and ‘spiculus’ (Latin for ‘small spike’ or ‘spicule’), indicating the absence of spiculum in the species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C34DD6814371FFB8FF56FE3FFD8593EC" pageId="7" pageNumber="1289" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BE8850A4371FFB8FF56FE3FFD8593EC" blockId="7.[160,1156,454,688]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1289">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184371FFB8FF56FE3FFE8B90BC" bold="true" box="[160,270,454,480]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1289">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||||
Due to the absence of the spiculum, which refers to the sclerotised and pointed projection on the anterior part of the cephalic pleurite, the new species is easily distinguishable from all the other
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C57FE894371FFB8FDC1FDF5FCCF9379" box="[567,842,524,549]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1289">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184371FFB8FDC1FDF5FD6F9379" box="[567,746,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1289">Mecistocephalus</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, except for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C57FE894371FFB8FC2CFDF5FEF29314" authority="(Takakuwa, 1936 a)" baseAuthorityName="Takakuwa" baseAuthorityYear="1936" class="Chilopoda" family="Mecistocephalidae" genus="Mecistocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Geophilomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanagiharai">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184371FFB8FC2CFDF5FB069379" box="[986,1155,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1289">M. yanagiharai</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC6F8FB4371FFB8FF50FDD6FEE89314" author="Takakuwa Y" box="[166,365,559,584]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1289" pagination="435 - 439" refId="ref4743" refString="Takakuwa Y. 1936 a. Uber eine neue Gattung und zwei neue Arten von Mecistocephalidae aus Formosa. Trans Nat Hist Soc Formosa, Taipei. 26 (159): 435 - 439." type="journal article" year="1936">Takakuwa, 1936a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D5B0B14371FFB8FE71FDD6FE5B9314" box="[391,478,559,584]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="5.[160,216,142,165]" captionText="Table 1. Main differential characters between M. aspiculus Jiang and You, sp. n. and M. yanagiharai Takakuwa, 1936. Character states of M. yanagiharai are based on the description and reference pictures published by Uliana et al. (2007) and Takakuwa (1936a)." pageId="7" pageNumber="1289">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||||
highlights morphological differences between these two species. In published literature, information about the posterior half of the body is limited, because some details are not available from either text or figures of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C57FE894371FFB8FC43FD8DFBD993D1" baseAuthorityName="Takakuwa" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[949,1116,628,653]" class="Chilopoda" family="Mecistocephalidae" genus="Mecistocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Geophilomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="1289" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yanagiharai">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B92359184371FFB8FC43FD8DFBD993D1" box="[949,1116,628,653]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1289">M. yanagiharai</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, so they are not listed in this table.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
231
data/3A/37/87/3A37879FFF361522A2DF4087FBEC9F92.xml
Normal file
231
data/3A/37/87/3A37879FFF361522A2DF4087FBEC9F92.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,231 @@
|
|||
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<mods:title id="06E8B7C4AA031464E9ECAC09F6539909">The Fergusson squathopper, Messena sinuata Atkinson (Hemiptera: Eurybrachidae) and its egg parasitoids from Southern India</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="06FFB39E7C79789D862D0A3BAF43DDA7">Binoy, C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C0635E6FF6F7197E2D339B2CAED28079">Independent researcher, Sreeragam, Chereekandy, Elathur, Kozhikode, Kerala- 673303, India;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="71D884C6FDAA21876CD6C82E533A826D">Hiremath, Sangamesh R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="71BE9F283D96EE323D45467078D94716">Prathapan, K. D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="764377BA29FAC6ED48A829F8C57959B8">Department of Entomology, Thiruvananthapuram, India;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:part id="7D4558636EE9B2345BB5F1F080F02DED">
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<mods:date id="8AC775CCCA433D974A322DCBED547EE5">2024</mods:date>
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<heading id="E96981E5FF361523A2DF4087FCCE9DA2" bold="true" box="[447,868,142,169]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073" reason="3">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF361523A2DF4087FCCE9DA2" ID-CoL="427VF" authority="Atkinson, 1889" authorityName="Atkinson" authorityYear="1889" box="[447,868,142,169]" class="Insecta" family="Eurybrachidae" genus="Messena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF361523A2DF4087FCCE9DA2" bold="true" box="[447,868,142,169]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF361523A2DF4087FD3C9DA2" bold="true" box="[447,662,142,169]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">Messena sinuata</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF361523A1FD4087FCCE9DA2" author="Atkinson ET" box="[669,868,142,169]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073" pagination="333 - 345" refId="ref6505" refString="Atkinson ET. 1889. New or little-known Indian Rhynchota. J Proc Asiat Soc Bengal Calcutta. 57: 333 - 345." type="journal article" year="1889">Atkinson, 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FA846502FF361523A12C40B7FD529DDC" box="[588,760,190,215]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF361523A12C40B7FD529DDC" blockId="4.[588,760,190,215]" box="[588,760,190,215]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF361523A13340B7FD5A9DDC" box="[595,752,190,215]" captionStart="Figure 1–11" captionStartId="3.[160,225,1635,1657]" captionTargetBox="[165,1153,143,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-3@3.[163,1153,142,1602]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1–11. Messena sinuata Atkinson, 1889. 1, adult male; 2, adult female; 3, nymph; 4–5, oviposition and formation of ootheca; 6, parasitisation of ootheca by Proleurocerus litoralis; 7, eggs within ootheca (on window pane); 8, parasitised eggs turning brown; 9, multiparasitism, Parachrysocharis malabarensis and Proleurocerus litoralis emerging from the same clutch; 10–11, mating behaviour of Parachrysocharis malabarensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758109/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">Figures 1–5, 7</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FA846502FF361523A3A040FFFC5A9C04" box="[192,1008,246,271]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF361523A3A040FFFC5A9C04" blockId="4.[192,1008,246,271]" box="[192,1008,246,271]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="928E11A7FF361523A3A040FFFC5A9C04" box="[192,1008,246,271]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="333F1098FF361523A3A040FFFDD89C04" author="Atkinson ET" box="[192,626,246,271]" page="339" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073" year="1889">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF361523A3A040FFFDD89C04" ID-CoL="427VF" authority="Atkinson 1889, p. 339" authorityName="Atkinson" authorityPageNumber="339" authorityYear="1889" box="[192,626,246,271]" class="Insecta" family="Eurybrachidae" genus="Messena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF361523A3A040FFFEDC9C04" box="[192,374,246,271]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">Messena sinuata</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF361523A21D40FFFDB49C04" author="Atkinson ET" box="[381,542,246,271]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073" pagination="333 - 345" refId="ref6505" refString="Atkinson ET. 1889. New or little-known Indian Rhynchota. J Proc Asiat Soc Bengal Calcutta. 57: 333 - 345." type="journal article" year="1889">Atkinson 1889</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, p. 339
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
–340. S.
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="CA897619FF361523A1AD40FFFCAD9C04" box="[717,775,246,271]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, Trivandrum [BMNH]
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FA846502FF361523A3C04142FD6A9F97" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF361523A3C04142FEBE9C6E" blockId="4.[160,1156,331,668]" box="[160,276,331,357]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF361523A3C04142FEBE9C6E" bold="true" box="[160,276,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF361523A3C04167FD6A9F97" blockId="4.[160,1156,331,668]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">
|
||||
Sexually dimorphic. Males (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF361523A2AF4167FD819C8C" box="[463,555,366,391]" captionStart="Figure 1–11" captionStartId="3.[160,225,1635,1657]" captionTargetBox="[165,1153,143,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-3@3.[163,1153,142,1602]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1–11. Messena sinuata Atkinson, 1889. 1, adult male; 2, adult female; 3, nymph; 4–5, oviposition and formation of ootheca; 6, parasitisation of ootheca by Proleurocerus litoralis; 7, eggs within ootheca (on window pane); 8, parasitised eggs turning brown; 9, multiparasitism, Parachrysocharis malabarensis and Proleurocerus litoralis emerging from the same clutch; 10–11, mating behaviour of Parachrysocharis malabarensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758109/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
) have a wingspan of 31.00–
|
||||
<quantity id="75669B6CFF361523A0004167FC799C8C" box="[864,979,366,391]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.536" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073" unit="mm" value="35.36">35.36 mm</quantity>
|
||||
. Head, pro- and mesothorax, legs grey with dark irregular markings; abdomen bright brick red dorsally. Venter with bluish-white transverse bands and lateral margins. Forewing mottled light grey with dark irregular markings. A diffused brick-red longitudinal band along middle of forewing, narrowed proximally, not reaching reticulate apical area. Hindwing with a preapical oblique white band. Females (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF361523A1184212FD7E9F3F" box="[632,724,539,564]" captionStart="Figure 1–11" captionStartId="3.[160,225,1635,1657]" captionTargetBox="[165,1153,143,1602]" captionTargetId="figure-3@3.[163,1153,142,1602]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 1–11. Messena sinuata Atkinson, 1889. 1, adult male; 2, adult female; 3, nymph; 4–5, oviposition and formation of ootheca; 6, parasitisation of ootheca by Proleurocerus litoralis; 7, eggs within ootheca (on window pane); 8, parasitised eggs turning brown; 9, multiparasitism, Parachrysocharis malabarensis and Proleurocerus litoralis emerging from the same clutch; 10–11, mating behaviour of Parachrysocharis malabarensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758109" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758109/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
) are distinctly larger, with a wingspan of
|
||||
<quantity id="75669B6CFF361523A3DD4237FED29F5C" box="[189,376,574,599]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1739999999999995" metricValueMax="4.176" metricValueMin="4.172" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073" unit="mm" value="41.739999999999995" valueMax="41.76" valueMin="41.72">41.72–41.76 mm</quantity>
|
||||
. The forewing is darker with diffused longitudinal brick-red band near costal margin, not reaching half of costa and up to two-thirds of length along middle. Hindwing has three large dark spots preapically.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FA846502FF361523A3C042D1FC879B7E" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF361523A3C042D1FE869FF9" blockId="4.[160,1155,728,823]" box="[160,300,728,754]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF361523A3C042D1FE869FF9" bold="true" box="[160,300,728,754]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF361523A3C042F2FE959E3C" blockId="4.[160,1155,728,823]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF361523A3C042F2FEFE9E1F" authorityName="Atkinson" authorityYear="1889" box="[160,340,763,788]" class="Insecta" family="Eurybrachidae" genus="Messena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF361523A3C042F2FEFE9E1F" box="[160,340,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">Messena sinuata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="02F63CD4FF361523A23A42F2FE919E3C" country="India" location="Karnataka" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Karnataka">
|
||||
is endemic to south
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="CA897619FF361523A15C42F2FDD99E1F" box="[572,627,763,788]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and is known from
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="705AF86BFF361523A03042F2FC689E1F" box="[848,962,763,788]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="705AF86BFF361523A0AA42F2FBA59E1F" box="[970,1039,763,788]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">Kerala</collectingRegion>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="705AF86BFF361523A72642F2FF769E3C" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(Map 1)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF361523A3C0464AFC879B7E" blockId="4.[160,1157,1601,1653]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF361523A3C0464AFF4F9B5C" bold="true" box="[160,229,1601,1624]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">Map 1.</emphasis>
|
||||
Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF361523A21C4648FDB09B53" authorityName="Atkinson" authorityYear="1889" box="[380,538,1601,1624]" class="Insecta" family="Eurybrachidae" genus="Messena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF361523A21C4648FDB09B53" box="[380,538,1601,1624]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">Messena sinuata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from southern
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="CA897619FF361523A1D04648FD499B53" box="[688,739,1601,1624]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. GKVK: Gandhi Krishi Vigyana Kendra; UAS: University of Agricultural Sciences; ZSI: Zoological Survey of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="CA897619FF361523A1964657FC839B7E" box="[758,809,1630,1653]" name="India" pageId="4" pageNumber="1073">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FA846502FF371522A3C04087FB2E9C90" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF371522A3C04087FE8D9DA3" blockId="5.[160,1156,142,411]" box="[160,295,142,168]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A3C04087FE8D9DA3" bold="true" box="[160,295,142,168]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Host plants</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF371522A3C040BBFB2E9C90" blockId="5.[160,1156,142,411]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF371522A3C040BBFEE19DC0" box="[160,331,178,203]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Cycadaceae" genus="Cycas" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="circinalis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A3C040BBFEE19DC0" box="[160,331,178,203]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Cycas circinalis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L. (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF371522A21C40BBFDA09DC0" box="[380,522,178,203]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Cycadaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Cycadaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF371522A17F40BBFD599DC0" box="[543,755,178,203]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Pongamia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinnata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A17F40BBFD599DC0" box="[543,755,178,203]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Pongamia pinnata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) Merr. (=
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF371522A0F840BBFBFC9DC0" box="[920,1110,178,203]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Millettia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pinnata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A0F840BBFBFC9DC0" box="[920,1110,178,203]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Millettia pinnata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) Panigrahi),
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF371522A24A40DDFD3A9DE6" authority="(Jacq.) Merr." authorityName="Merr." baseAuthorityName="Jacq." box="[298,656,212,237]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Samanea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="saman">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A24A40DDFE469DE6" box="[298,492,212,237]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Samanea saman</emphasis>
|
||||
(Jacq.) Merr.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) (both
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF371522A19240DDFCC99DE6" box="[754,867,212,237]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF371522A01B40DDFBF69DE6" box="[891,1116,212,237]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Combretaceae" genus="Terminalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="catappa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A01B40DDFBF69DE6" box="[891,1116,212,237]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Terminalia catappa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF371522A3C040FEFE4A9C1B" authority="Roth" authorityName="Roth" box="[160,480,247,272]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Combretaceae" genus="Terminalia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paniculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A3C040FEFE369C1B" box="[160,412,247,272]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Terminalia paniculata</emphasis>
|
||||
Roth
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF371522A29340FEFD0B9C1B" box="[499,673,247,272]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Combretaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Combretaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF371522A1D840FEFCD89C1B" box="[696,882,247,272]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Tectona" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A1D840FEFCD89C1B" box="[696,882,247,272]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Tectona grandis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L. f. (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF371522A0A140FEFBE89C1B" box="[961,1090,247,272]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lamiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF371522A3C04113FEF09C38" box="[160,346,282,307]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Mangifera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A3C04113FEF09C38" box="[160,346,282,307]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Mangifera indica</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
L. (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF371522A2E34113FD809C38" box="[387,554,282,307]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Anacardiaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) are newly recorded as host plants of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF371522A0844113FBF29C38" authorityName="Atkinson" authorityYear="1889" box="[996,1112,282,307]" class="Insecta" family="Eurybrachidae" genus="Messena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A0844113FBF29C38" box="[996,1112,282,307]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">M. sinuata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. All known host plants of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF371522A2C74135FDB49C5E" authorityName="Atkinson" authorityYear="1889" box="[423,542,316,341]" class="Insecta" family="Eurybrachidae" genus="Messena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A2C74135FDB49C5E" box="[423,542,316,341]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">M. sinuata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are trees and gymnosperms, belonging to different families, and hence it may be concluded that the bug is polyphagous on trees across families. The species is well adapted to live on the bark, causing no considerable damage.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FA846502FF371522A3C041D8FBEC9F92" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF371522A3C041D8FEB49CE0" blockId="5.[160,1156,465,665]" box="[160,286,465,491]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A3C041D8FEB49CE0" bold="true" box="[160,286,465,491]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Comments</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF371522A3C041FCFD729F58" blockId="5.[160,1156,465,665]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
|
||||
Original description of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF371522A2CF41FCFCE89F05" authority="(Distant 1914)" baseAuthorityName="Distant" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[431,834,501,526]" class="Insecta" family="Eurybrachidae" genus="Messena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albifasciata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A2CF41FCFD3F9F05" box="[431,661,501,526]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Messena albifasciata</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF371522A1C741FCFC919F05" author="Distant WL" box="[679,827,501,526]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" pagination="409 - 424" refId="ref6662" refString="Distant WL. 1914. Some additions to the genera and species in the Homopterous family Fulgoridae. Ann Mag Nat Hist (Ser 8). 13: 409 - 424." type="journal article" year="1914">Distant 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and its illustration (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF371522A75241FCFF7D9F3B" author="Distant WL" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" refId="ref6747" refString="Distant WL. 1916. Rhynchota. Vol, VI, Homoptera: appendix. In: Shipley AE, Marshall GAK, editors. The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Secretary of State for India. London (UK): Taylor and Francis Publishing; p. 248." type="journal volume" year="1916">Distant 1916</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) based on a single specimen from the Nilgiri Hills, agrees well with the male of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF371522A3C04233FEB99F58" authorityName="Atkinson" authorityYear="1889" box="[160,275,570,595]" class="Insecta" family="Eurybrachidae" genus="Messena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A3C04233FEB99F58" box="[160,275,570,595]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">M. sinuata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and they are synonyms, most probably.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF371522A3A04254FBEC9F92" blockId="5.[160,1156,465,665]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
|
||||
Considering the contributions of H.S. Ferguson to the study of biota of the erstwhile Travancore, we propose the common name ‘Ferguson squathopper’ for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF371522A0AD4289FBEA9F92" authorityName="Atkinson" authorityYear="1889" box="[973,1088,640,665]" class="Insecta" family="Eurybrachidae" genus="Messena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinuata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A0AD4289FBEA9F92" box="[973,1088,640,665]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">M. sinuata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
311
data/3A/37/87/3A37879FFF37152EA2084456FD439DE6.xml
Normal file
311
data/3A/37/87/3A37879FFF37152EA2084456FD439DE6.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,311 @@
|
|||
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<mods:title id="214DD50EB835FB26BE9F773B4BD96739">The Fergusson squathopper, Messena sinuata Atkinson (Hemiptera: Eurybrachidae) and its egg parasitoids from Southern India</mods:title>
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|
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<mods:name id="53671D963A32B50191CA1C621EAA0403" type="personal">
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||||
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|
||||
<mods:namePart id="253D79E4F010177CB08DD6B67CB6504F">Binoy, C.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="E0D3E39DDE8D18207D2568366A0A0CBC">Independent researcher, Sreeragam, Chereekandy, Elathur, Kozhikode, Kerala- 673303, India;</mods:affiliation>
|
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="BE2DD92FBE1D78D45F9BD3D8917B1624" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="9DA17D0A045EA1C69242C3021F4ED927">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
|
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<mods:namePart id="063A6BE7BD6EB1F511D63DBA286D206D">Hiremath, Sangamesh R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E0E77225EB4206CBC6F3E9D7C17E0C56">Department of Entomology, Thiruvananthapuram, India; & Department of Agricultural Entomology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F144A21E6138ABBF1D3D58384407C955">Prathapan, K. D.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="84755F55DF24C694C348B8C98ADB5CE4">Department of Entomology, Thiruvananthapuram, India;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="B40552895C07D3F0FAE11DE0B00E4FF3">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F1049A6AA0B71FFBEBF96A19F0ECFBE7">
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<mods:date id="1B3568BF59646F335BA1C41F9D69DDEF">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="9EDCAFC766A44695244F9F726F60FB97">2024-08-14</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="25E20D9A17D6250B7E7AE7CE21EE5786">58</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="1F983FDE97B8252F718CC2C145B6C7C5">29 - 32</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="C4C99E14EAE927F673F73001411A9906">1069</mods:start>
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<subSubSection id="FA846502FF371522A2084456FC119971" box="[360,955,1119,1146]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="B2213689FF371522A2084456FC119971" blockId="5.[360,955,1119,1146]" box="[360,955,1119,1146]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
|
||||
<heading id="E96981E5FF371522A2084456FC119971" bold="true" box="[360,955,1119,1146]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF371522A2084456FC119971" ID-CoL="789NQ" authority="Hayat and Kazmi, 1996" authorityName="Hayat and Kazmi" authorityYear="1996" box="[360,955,1119,1146]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Proleurocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="litoralis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A2084456FC119971" bold="true" box="[360,955,1119,1146]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A2084456FD289971" bold="true" box="[360,642,1119,1146]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Proleurocerus litoralis</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF371522A1EA4456FC119971" author="Hayat M & Kazmi SI" box="[650,955,1119,1146]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" pagination="17 - 21" refId="ref7106" refString="Hayat M, Kazmi SI. 1996. The species of Proleurocerus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) from India. Shashpa. 3: 17 - 21." type="journal article" year="1996">Hayat and Kazmi, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FA846502FF371522A3A0449CFD4699EA" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF371522A3A0449CFC4E99A5" blockId="5.[192,996,1173,1198]" box="[192,996,1173,1198]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="928E11A7FF371522A3A0449CFC4E99A5" box="[192,996,1173,1198]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="333F1098FF371522A3A0449CFD5999A5" author="Hayat M & Kazmi SI" box="[192,755,1173,1198]" page="19" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" year="1996">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF371522A3A0449CFD5999A5" ID-CoL="789NQ" authority="Hayat and Kazmi 1996, p. 19" authorityName="Hayat and Kazmi" authorityPageNumber="19" authorityYear="1996" box="[192,755,1173,1198]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Proleurocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="litoralis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A3A0449CFE0399A5" box="[192,425,1173,1198]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Proleurocerus litoralis</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF371522A2D0449CFD0699A5" author="Hayat M & Kazmi SI" box="[432,684,1173,1198]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" pagination="17 - 21" refId="ref7106" refString="Hayat M, Kazmi SI. 1996. The species of Proleurocerus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) from India. Shashpa. 3: 17 - 21." type="journal article" year="1996">Hayat and Kazmi 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, p. 19
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="02F63CD4FF371522A19D449CFC4E99A5" box="[765,996,1173,1198]" collectionCode="BMNH" country="India" location="Kerala" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kerala">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="CA897619FF371522A19D449CFC9D99A5" box="[765,823,1173,1198]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="705AF86BFF371522A022449CFC2D99A5" box="[834,903,1173,1198]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Kerala</collectingRegion>
|
||||
[
|
||||
<collectionCode id="D48FAE4CFF371522A0F3449CFC7599A5" box="[915,991,1173,1198]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||||
]
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF371522A15744CEFD4699EA" blockId="5.[567,748,1223,1249]" box="[567,748,1223,1249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
|
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(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF371522A15F44CEFD4E99EA" box="[575,740,1223,1249]" captionStart-0="Figure 12–23" captionStart-1="Figure 24–30" captionStartId-0="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionStartId-1="7.[160,225,1310,1332]" captionTargetBox-0="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetBox-1="[165,1150,144,1276]" captionTargetId-0="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetId-1="figure-57@7.[163,1153,142,1278]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." captionText-1="Figure 24–30. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♂ 24, habitus, lateral view; 25, head, frontal view; 26, antenna; 27, mesosoma, dorsal view; 28, wings; 29, metasoma, dorsal view; 30, genitalia." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758115" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13758115/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Figures 12–30</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FA846502FF371522A3C0452AFE1798E1" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF371522A3C0452AFED59836" blockId="5.[160,1156,1315,1514]" box="[160,383,1315,1341]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
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||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A3C0452AFED59836" bold="true" box="[160,383,1315,1341]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF371522A3C0454EFE1798E1" blockId="5.[160,1156,1315,1514]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
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||||
<materialsCitation id="02F63CD4FF371522A3C0454EFCB8986B" box="[160,786,1351,1376]" country="India" location="All" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" specimenCount="87" specimenCount-female="67" specimenCount-male="20" stateProvince="Kerala">
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||||
<specimenCount id="A498FD00FF371522A3C0454EFF7F9855" box="[160,213,1351,1376]" count="67" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" type="female">67 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCount id="A498FD00FF371522A381454EFEBC9855" box="[225,278,1351,1376]" count="20" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" type="male">20 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="B7416052FF371522A241454EFE94986B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3A37879FFF37152EA2084456FD439DE6:B7416052FF371522A241454EFE94986B" box="[289,318,1351,1376]" country="India" name="All" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" stateProvince="Kerala">All</location>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="CA897619FF371522A21F454EFE13986B" box="[383,441,1351,1376]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="705AF86BFF371522A2A1454EFDA2986B" box="[449,520,1351,1376]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Kerala</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, Kozhikode district by C
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
. Binoy.
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="02F63CD4FF371522A005454EFE1398E1" country="India" elevation="23" latitude="11.263" location="India" longLatPrecision="77" longitude="75.779" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
Elathur (
|
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,
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,
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<quantity id="75669B6CFF371522A3DF4560FF549889" box="[191,254,1385,1410]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" unit="m" value="23.0">
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</quantity>
|
||||
), Zoological Survey of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="CA897619FF371522A1734560FDE49889" box="[531,590,1385,1410]" name="India" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, Kozhikode Campus (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="D7AA504EFF371522A02D4560FC1D9889" box="[845,951,1385,1410]" degrees="11.263" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" precision="55" value="11.263">11.263°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="D7AA504EFF371522A0A64560FB809889" box="[966,1066,1385,1410]" degrees="75.786" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" precision="55" value="75.786">75.786°E</geoCoordinate>
|
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,
|
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<quantity id="75669B6CFF371522A7584560FBD29889" box="[1080,1144,1385,1410]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" unit="m" value="28.0">
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<elevation id="39B3D1BAFF371522A7584560FBD29889" box="[1080,1144,1385,1410]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" unit="m" value="28.0">28 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
), Malabar Christian College Campus (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="D7AA504EFF371522A1584585FD3798AE" box="[568,669,1420,1445]" degrees="11.263" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" precision="55" value="11.263">11.263°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="D7AA504EFF371522A1BB4585FC9498AE" box="[731,830,1420,1445]" degrees="75.779" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" precision="55" value="75.779">75.779°E</geoCoordinate>
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,
|
||||
<quantity id="75669B6CFF371522A0294585FC2C98AE" box="[841,902,1420,1445]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" unit="m" value="27.0">
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<elevation id="39B3D1BAFF371522A0294585FC2C98AE" box="[841,902,1420,1445]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" unit="m" value="27.0">27 m</elevation>
|
||||
</quantity>
|
||||
), collected during the months of January, August, September and November, 2018–2021 (see ‘Material and methods’ for deposition)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FA846502FF371520A3C04615FF7698E4" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="1076" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="B2213689FF371522A3C04615FEBE9B3D" blockId="5.[160,1156,1564,1728]" box="[160,276,1564,1590]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
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<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF371522A3C04615FEBE9B3D" bold="true" box="[160,276,1564,1590]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF371522A3C04636FB2E9BCB" blockId="5.[160,1156,1564,1728]" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">
|
||||
Scape medially expanded, at most 2× as long as broad; scape apically, fu
|
||||
<subScript id="2E1A34CCFF371522A0B24643FC769B51" attach="left" box="[978,988,1610,1626]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">4</subScript>
|
||||
partly, fu
|
||||
<subScript id="2E1A34CCFF371522A7274643FBFB9B51" attach="left" box="[1095,1105,1610,1626]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">5</subScript>
|
||||
and fu
|
||||
<subScript id="2E1A34CCFF371522A3D64665FF6A9B77" attach="left" box="[182,192,1644,1660]" fontSize="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="1074">6</subScript>
|
||||
completely white; first valvifer long, about 0.4× second valvifer and relatively longer than first valvula; head greenish with frontovertex conspicuously punctate, vertex rugose reticulate; forewing infuscate with basal third subhyaline, disc with two distinct streaks,
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="E6E16601FF341521A3C04669FD0A9BC4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="1075" startId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" targetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF341521A3C04669FD0A9BC4" blockId="6.[160,1157,1632,1743]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1075">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF341521A3C04669FE879B7D" bold="true" box="[160,301,1632,1654]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1075">Figure 12–23.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF341521A2544669FD419B7C" authority="Hayat and Kazmi, 1996" authorityName="Hayat and Kazmi" authorityYear="1996" box="[308,747,1632,1655]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Proleurocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="1075" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="litoralis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF341521A2544669FDA89B7C" box="[308,514,1632,1655]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="1075">Proleurocerus litoralis</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF341521A1684669FD419B7C" author="Hayat M & Kazmi SI" box="[520,747,1632,1655]" pageId="6" pageNumber="1075" pagination="17 - 21" refId="ref7106" refString="Hayat M, Kazmi SI. 1996. The species of Proleurocerus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) from India. Shashpa. 3: 17 - 21." type="journal article" year="1996">Hayat and Kazmi, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="E6E16601FF351520A3C04517FF51987B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758115" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758115/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076" startId="7.[160,225,1310,1332]" targetBox="[165,1150,144,1276]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF351520A3C04517FF51987B" blockId="7.[160,1157,1310,1392]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF351520A3C04517FE9A983F" bold="true" box="[160,304,1310,1332]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076">Figure 24–30.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF351520A2594517FD51983E" authority="Hayat and Kazmi, 1996" authorityName="Hayat and Kazmi" authorityYear="1996" box="[313,763,1310,1333]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Proleurocerus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="litoralis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF351520A2594517FDA3983E" box="[313,521,1310,1333]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076">Proleurocerus litoralis</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF351520A1714517FD51983E" author="Hayat M & Kazmi SI" box="[529,763,1310,1333]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076" pagination="17 - 21" refId="ref7106" refString="Hayat M, Kazmi SI. 1996. The species of Proleurocerus (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) from India. Shashpa. 3: 17 - 21." type="journal article" year="1996">Hayat and Kazmi, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. ♂ 24, habitus, lateral view; 25, head, frontal view; 26, antenna; 27, mesosoma, dorsal view; 28, wings; 29, metasoma, dorsal view; 30, genitalia.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF351520A3C045BDFF7698E4" blockId="7.[160,1156,1460,1519]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076">one adjacent to PMV-STV junction and another oblique transverse strip in medio-posterior third.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FA846502FF35152FA3C04612FCDC9BCB" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="1077" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF351520A3C04612FEEA9B3E" blockId="7.[160,1132,1563,1624]" box="[160,320,1563,1589]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF351520A3C04612FEEA9B3E" bold="true" box="[160,320,1563,1589]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076">Redescription</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF351520A3C04636FBC69B53" blockId="7.[160,1132,1563,1624]" box="[160,1132,1599,1624]" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076">
|
||||
Female. (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF351520A2664636FE099B53" box="[262,419,1599,1624]" captionStart="Figure 12–23" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076">Figures 12–23</figureCitation>
|
||||
) Body length
|
||||
<quantity id="75669B6CFF351520A1224636FD499B53" box="[578,739,1599,1624]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5499999999999998" metricValueMax="1.71" metricValueMin="1.39" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076" unit="mm" value="1.5499999999999998" valueMax="1.71" valueMin="1.39">1.39–1.71 mm</quantity>
|
||||
; length of forewing
|
||||
<quantity id="75669B6CFF351520A0A84636FBC39B53" box="[968,1129,1599,1624]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" metricValueMax="1.19" metricValueMin="1.07" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076" unit="mm" value="1.13" valueMax="1.19" valueMin="1.07">1.07–1.19 mm</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF35152FA3C0468DFE889C91" blockId="7.[160,1155,1668,1728]" lastBlockId="8.[160,1157,142,410]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="1077" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF351520A3C0468DFF5F9B95" bold="true" box="[160,245,1668,1694]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="1076">Colour.</emphasis>
|
||||
Body: metallic greenish blue with the following varying shades of green and blue on surface: frontovertex, lower face and clypeus with bright metallic green with slight golden lustre, vertex, pronotum and mesoscutum metallic bluish green, scutellum with deep bluish lustre; metanotum and propodeum brown, pleura brown with slight greenish lustre, metasoma deep brown with slight bronzy lustre. Antenna: brown except tip of scape, fu4 apically, fu5 and fu6 entirely white (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3A152FA0AD40FFFBDC9C04" box="[973,1142,246,271]" captionStart="Figure 12–23" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Figures 13, 14</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Legs: All coxae deep brown with slight metallic lustre, all trochanters, femora and tibiae brown with mesotibia apically paler; all tarsi testaceous. Wings: forewing infumate in posterior two-thirds, anteriorly subhyaline, veins testaceous, hindwing hyaline (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3A152FA3C84188FEBF9C91" box="[168,277,385,410]" captionStart="Figure 12–23" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Figure 21</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3A152FA3C041C2FE069F99" blockId="8.[160,1156,459,658]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3A152FA3C041C2FEA39CEE" bold="true" box="[160,265,459,485]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Setation.</emphasis>
|
||||
Eyes minutely setose, white; frontovertex with thick white bristle-like setae arising from puncture, remainder on vertex with scattered longer thin setae; mesosoma with moderately dense, linearly arranged brown setae, laterally tending to be white; propodeal setae near spiracles white; metasomal terga with moderately dense brown adpressed setae, lateral margins with long white setae; legs with moderately dense adpressed brown setae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3A152FA3C042CDFEB49EF8" blockId="8.[160,1156,708,1011]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3A152FA3C042CDFF4F9FD5" bold="true" box="[160,229,708,734]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Head.</emphasis>
|
||||
In frontal view 1.17× as wide as long, eyes large, oval reaching posterior margin of head; frontovertex distinctly punctate, interstices raised, finely reticulate (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3A152FA76742EEFBDC9E0B" box="[1031,1142,743,768]" captionStart="Figure 12–23" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Figure 15</figureCitation>
|
||||
); mandible tridentate; gena with conspicuous longitudinal reticulation; antenna inserted at lower margin of face, on either side of clypeus (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3A152FA1AD4324FC9C9E4D" box="[717,822,813,838]" captionStart="Figure 12–23" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Figure 16</figureCitation>
|
||||
); in dorsal view 1.87× as wide as long, rugose reticulate; anterior ocellus forming slightly obtuse angle (97°) with apex of lateral ocelli; OOL 1.3× AOL (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3A152FA161437BFDD89E80" box="[513,626,882,907]" captionStart="Figure 12–23" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Figure 17</figureCitation>
|
||||
); scape medially expanded, 1.7× as long as maximum width, surface transversely reticulate; clava 2.1× as long as maximum width; relative length of scape, pedicel, funiculars and clava = 12.6:2.6:0.9:1.2:1.4:1.5:1.5:8.4 (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3A152FA3C843D3FEBB9EF8" box="[168,273,986,1011]" captionStart="Figure 12–23" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Figure 13</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3A152FA3C0442DFCA79805" blockId="8.[160,1156,1060,1294]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3A152FA3C0442DFE8C9935" bold="true" box="[160,294,1060,1086]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Mesosoma.</emphasis>
|
||||
Pronotum 8.8× as long as wide, posterior margin distinctly convex onto mesoscutum, distinctly reticulate with two rows of setigerous pits; mesoscutum 1.6× as wide as long, distinctly reticulate with 6–7 rows of linear setigerous pits; scutellum as long as mesoscutum with less dense setigerous pits, surface conspicuously rugose reticulate; scutellum apically blunt (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3A152FA2AC44B9FD9699C2" box="[460,572,1200,1225]" captionStart="Figure 12–23" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Figure 18</figureCitation>
|
||||
); meso- and metapleura conspicuously reticulate (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3A152FA3C844DAFEBA99E7" box="[168,272,1235,1260]" captionStart="Figure 12–23" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Figure 19</figureCitation>
|
||||
); metanotum finely reticulate; propodeum coarsely reticulate; propodeal spiracles large, round, peritreme exposed as rim (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3A152FA1F644FCFD559805" box="[662,767,1269,1294]" captionStart="Figure 12–23" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Figure 20</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3A152FA3C04549FC5D9894" blockId="8.[160,1155,1344,1439]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3A152FA3C04549FE8E9851" bold="true" box="[160,292,1344,1370]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Metasoma.</emphasis>
|
||||
Longer than mesosoma in profile (1.2×); all terga and sterna with distinct linear reticulations; all terga beyond Gt3 with deeply emarginate margin; ovipositor 2.8× metatibia, protruding well beyond apex of last tergum (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3A152FA02E458FFC409894" box="[846,1002,1414,1439]" captionStart="Figure 12–23" captionStartId="6.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1597]" captionTargetId="figure-3@6.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 12–23. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♀ 12, habitus, lateral view; 13, antenna; 14, head, lateral view; 15, head, frontal view; 16, lower face, frontal view; 17, head, dorsal view; 18, mesosoma, dorsal view; 19, mesosoma, lateral view; 20, metanotum and propodeum; 21, wings; 22, metasoma, lateral view; 23, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758113" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758113/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Figures 22, 23</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3A152FA3C045D9FE0E98E1" blockId="8.[160,1156,1488,1584]" box="[160,420,1488,1514]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3A152FA3C045D9FE0E98E1" bold="true" box="[160,420,1488,1514]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3A152FA3C045D9FF4B98E1" bold="true" box="[160,225,1488,1514]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Male.</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3A152FA39145D9FE3698E1" box="[241,412,1488,1514]" captionStart="Figure 24–30" captionStartId="7.[160,225,1310,1332]" captionTargetBox="[165,1150,144,1276]" captionTargetId="figure-57@7.[163,1153,142,1278]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 24–30. Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi, 1996. ♂ 24, habitus, lateral view; 25, head, frontal view; 26, antenna; 27, mesosoma, dorsal view; 28, wings; 29, metasoma, dorsal view; 30, genitalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758115" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758115/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Figures 24–30</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3A152FA3C045FDFDE29B3B" blockId="8.[160,1156,1488,1584]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">
|
||||
Body length
|
||||
<quantity id="75669B6CFF3A152FA25045FDFE7B9B06" box="[304,465,1524,1549]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.24" metricValueMax="1.29" metricValueMin="1.19" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077" unit="mm" value="1.24" valueMax="1.29" valueMin="1.19">1.19–1.29 mm</quantity>
|
||||
; length of forewing
|
||||
<quantity id="75669B6CFF3A152FA1D545FDFCFF9B06" box="[693,853,1524,1549]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14" metricValueMax="1.16" metricValueMin="1.12" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077" unit="mm" value="1.14" valueMax="1.16" valueMin="1.12">1.12–1.16 mm</quantity>
|
||||
. Diagnosis and description of males as recorded by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF3A152FA2D5461EFDEE9B3B" author="Singh S" box="[437,580,1559,1584]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077" pagination="257 - 261" refId="ref7596" refString="Singh S. 2010. Host record, description of male and first record of Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae) from Doon valley, Uttarakhand, India. Indian Fores. 136 (2): 257 - 261." type="journal article" year="2010">Singh (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3A152FA3C04668FE839B70" blockId="8.[160,1156,1633,1728]" box="[160,297,1633,1659]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3A152FA3C04668FE839B70" bold="true" box="[160,297,1633,1659]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Other hosts</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3A152FA3C0468CFCDC9BCB" blockId="8.[160,1156,1633,1728]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">
|
||||
Egg parasitoids of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF3A152FA21B468CFC3F9B95" authority="(Fabricius) (Singh 2010)" authorityName="Singh" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[379,917,1669,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Eurybrachidae" genus="Eurybrachys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tomentosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3A152FA21B468CFDD69B95" box="[379,636,1669,1694]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Eurybrachys tomentosa</emphasis>
|
||||
(Fabricius) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF3A152FA069468CFC269B95" author="Singh S" box="[777,908,1669,1694]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077" pagination="257 - 261" refId="ref7596" refString="Singh S. 2010. Host record, description of male and first record of Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae) from Doon valley, Uttarakhand, India. Indian Fores. 136 (2): 257 - 261." type="journal article" year="2010">Singh 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF3A152FA0C4468CFEE99BCB" authority="(Walker)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1851" class="Insecta" family="Eurybrachidae" genus="Platybrachys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucostigma">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3A152FA0C4468CFF4A9BCB" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077">Platybrachys leucostigma</emphasis>
|
||||
(Walker)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(both
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF3A152FA2EF46AEFDA29BCB" box="[399,520,1703,1728]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF3A152FA17246AEFD1E9BCB" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1862" box="[530,692,1703,1728]" class="Insecta" family="Eurybrachidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eurybrachidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF3A152FA1A646AEFCC39BCB" author="Shylesha AN" box="[710,873,1703,1728]" pageId="8" pageNumber="1077" pagination="334 - 335" refId="ref7545" refString="Shylesha AN. 2013. Allobaccha amphithoe (Walker) (Diptera, Syrphidae) a potential egg predator of white-marked gum (Eucalyptus) hopper, Platybrachys leucostigma (Walker) (Hemiptera: Eurybrachyidae). J Biol Cont. 27 (4): 334 - 335." type="journal article" year="2013">Shylesha 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FA846502FF3B152EA3C04087FD439DE6" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3B152EA3C04087FE869DA3" blockId="9.[160,1156,142,237]" box="[160,300,142,168]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3B152EA3C04087FE869DA3" bold="true" box="[160,300,142,168]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3B152EA3C040BBFD439DE6" blockId="9.[160,1156,142,237]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="CA897619FF3B152EA3C040BBFF709DC0" box="[160,218,178,203]" name="India" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="705AF86BFF3B152EA38740BBFE0A9DC0" box="[231,416,178,203]" country="India" name="Andhra Pradesh" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">Andhra Pradesh</collectingRegion>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="705AF86BFF3B152EA2CE40BBFD8A9DC0" box="[430,544,178,203]" country="India" name="Karnataka" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">Karnataka</collectingRegion>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="705AF86BFF3B152EA14D40BBFDDE9DC0" box="[557,628,178,203]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">Kerala</collectingRegion>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="CA897619FF3B152EA1E140BBFCAE9DC0" box="[641,772,178,203]" name="India" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">Puducherry</collectingCountry>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="705AF86BFF3B152EA07240BBFC339DC0" box="[786,921,178,203]" country="India" name="Tamil Nadu" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">Tamil Nadu</collectingRegion>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="705AF86BFF3B152EA0C640BBFB9B9DC0" box="[934,1073,178,203]" country="India" name="Uttarakhand" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">Uttarakhand</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF3B152EA72240BBFF7D9DE6" author="Singh S" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" pagination="257 - 261" refId="ref7596" refString="Singh S. 2010. Host record, description of male and first record of Proleurocerus litoralis Hayat and Kazmi (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea: Encyrtidae) from Doon valley, Uttarakhand, India. Indian Fores. 136 (2): 257 - 261." type="journal article" year="2010">Singh 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF3B152EA38440DDFE2F9DE6" author="Shylesha AN" box="[228,389,212,237]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" pagination="334 - 335" refId="ref7545" refString="Shylesha AN. 2013. Allobaccha amphithoe (Walker) (Diptera, Syrphidae) a potential egg predator of white-marked gum (Eucalyptus) hopper, Platybrachys leucostigma (Walker) (Hemiptera: Eurybrachyidae). J Biol Cont. 27 (4): 334 - 335." type="journal article" year="2013">Shylesha 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF3B152EA2F140DDFDE79DE6" author="Hayat M & Zeya SB & Veenakumari K & Ali Badruddin SM & Ahmad SK & Talib Khan M" box="[401,589,212,237]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" pagination="35 - 70" refId="ref7194" refString="Hayat M, Zeya SB, Veenakumari K, Ali Badruddin SM, Ahmad SK, Talib Khan M. 2015. Records and descriptions of Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) from southern India. J Insect Syst. 2 (1): 35 - 70." type="journal article" year="2015">
|
||||
Hayat
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3B152EA2B940DDFDA39DE6" box="[473,521,212,237]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2015
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF3B152EA13A40DDFD779DE6" author="Noyes JS" box="[602,733,212,237]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" refId="ref7443" refString="Noyes JS 2019. Universal Chalcidoidea Database. World Wide Web electronic publication. Last updated April 2019. [accessed 2022 Apr 30]. http: // www. nhm. ac. uk / chalcidoids." type="url" year="2019">Noyes 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
213
data/3A/37/87/3A37879FFF3B152BA20643AEFEB49B59.xml
Normal file
213
data/3A/37/87/3A37879FFF3B152BA20643AEFEB49B59.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
|
|||
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<mods:titleInfo id="A74B5559E5F31A73C3A9E54C30932152">
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<mods:title id="D36186C7556DF345376F565C89E9FCBF">The Fergusson squathopper, Messena sinuata Atkinson (Hemiptera: Eurybrachidae) and its egg parasitoids from Southern India</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:name id="19BDA544E928C1823A7369369126D947" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="86311284D4D8EEF0EBC4D2794CE4C103">
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<mods:roleTerm id="7FA865A20822BD14CD9FCC8AC908F835">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="16689AC670AFEE7AC5F2838DBAD77181">Binoy, C.</mods:namePart>
|
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<mods:affiliation id="670EED02BAF47C0AC973BC1110B39D0B">Independent researcher, Sreeragam, Chereekandy, Elathur, Kozhikode, Kerala- 673303, India;</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="9752627B2D4859BAAE0EEBA4D9AF2A11" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A074AAE9EA8384332F0CC421FD27F003">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="1E47273A8136BAEC7DCD382D2D934A5E">Hiremath, Sangamesh R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FAEEDA7E7241949A239A3ACF8186F103">Department of Entomology, Thiruvananthapuram, India; & Department of Agricultural Entomology, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E19D9A35CD649F743FA56E7F13C4F626">Prathapan, K. D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3CE27AC788130D1CEB1B4CBD2DAC8629">Department of Entomology, Thiruvananthapuram, India;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="6F15187FC38934DAA1F42B857DE5A42D">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D5079D7BAD445FF11AC0AB207DDCB406">
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<mods:date id="28F0B403282DACCDEF059BEB7AC60584">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A11FE001D1347A2A4550E6EA32B473DE">58</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="4AA1B709C3D2D051906E5BB34678FFF8">journal article</mods:classification>
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<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF3B152EA20643AEFC179EC9" authority="Narendran, 2007" authorityName="Narendran" authorityYear="2007" box="[358,957,935,962]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Parachrysocharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malabarensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3B152EA20643AEFD7D9EC9" box="[358,727,935,962]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">Parachrysocharis malabarensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF3B152EA1BF43AEFC179EC9" author="Narendran TC" box="[735,957,935,962]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" pagination="1 - 386" refId="ref7402" refString="Narendran TC. 2007. Indian Chalcidoid Parasitoids of the Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), Published by the Director, Zool. Surv. India, Kolkata. Rec Zool Sur India. 272: 1 - 386." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
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<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3B152EA1BF43AEFC179EC9" bold="true" box="[735,957,935,962]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">Narendran, 2007</emphasis>
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||||
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<subSubSection id="FA846502FF3B152EA3A043D1FD469917" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" type="reference_group">
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<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF3B152EA3A043D1FC889EFA" authority="Narendran 2007, p. 180" authorityName="Narendran" authorityPageNumber="180" authorityYear="2007" box="[192,802,984,1009]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Parachrysocharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malabarensis">
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<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3B152EA3A043D1FDA59EFA" box="[192,527,984,1009]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">Parachrysocharis malabarensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF3B152EA17743D1FD669EFA" author="Narendran TC" box="[535,716,984,1009]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" pagination="1 - 386" refId="ref7402" refString="Narendran TC. 2007. Indian Chalcidoid Parasitoids of the Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), Published by the Director, Zool. Surv. India, Kolkata. Rec Zool Sur India. 272: 1 - 386." type="journal article" year="2007">Narendran 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, p. 180
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
–181.
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="02F63CD4FF3B152EA00143D1FB989EFA" box="[865,1074,984,1009]" collectionCode="ZSIC" country="India" location="Kerala" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kerala">
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<collectingCountry id="CA897619FF3B152EA00143D1FC319EFA" box="[865,923,984,1009]" name="India" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">India</collectingCountry>
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||||
:
|
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<collectingRegion id="705AF86BFF3B152EA0C543D1FC409EFA" box="[933,1002,984,1009]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">Kerala</collectingRegion>
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||||
[
|
||||
<collectionCode id="D48FAE4CFF3B152EA09643D1FB879EFA" box="[1014,1069,984,1009]" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5icv-29es" name="Zoological Survey of India" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">ZSIC</collectionCode>
|
||||
]
|
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</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3B152EA157440BFD469917" blockId="9.[567,748,1026,1052]" box="[567,748,1026,1052]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">
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(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3B152EA15F440BFD4E9917" box="[575,740,1026,1052]" captionStart-0="Figure 31–40" captionStart-1="Figure 41–44" captionStartId-0="10.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionStartId-1="11.[160,225,989,1011]" captionTargetBox-0="[165,1151,144,1598]" captionTargetBox-1="[165,1151,144,954]" captionTargetId-0="figure-3@10.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetId-1="figure-227@11.[163,1153,142,956]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionText-0="Figure 31–40. Parachrysocharis malabarensis Narendran, 2007. ♀ 31, habitus, lateral view; 32, habitus, dorsal view; 33, head and antenna,lateral view; 34, head, dorsal view; 35, head, frontal view (mandible and clypeus in inset); 36, mesosoma, dorsal view; 37, propodeum; 38, mesosoma, lateral view; 39, forewing; 40, metasoma, lateral view." captionText-1="Figure 41–44. Parachrysocharis malabarensis Narendran, 2007. ♂ 41, habitus, lateral view; 42, head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 43, mesosoma, propodeum and Gt1, dorsal view; 44, metasoma, dorsal view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758117" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758121" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/13758117/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/13758121/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">Figures 31–43</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FA846502FF3B152EA3C04450FB9E99D0" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3B152EA3C04450FED59978" blockId="9.[160,1156,1113,1243]" box="[160,383,1113,1139]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3B152EA3C04450FED59978" bold="true" box="[160,383,1113,1139]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3B152EA3C04475FB9E99D0" blockId="9.[160,1156,1113,1243]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="02F63CD4FF3B152EA3C04475FC6D999E" box="[160,967,1148,1173]" collectorName="All" country="India" location="Kerala" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" specimenCount="55" specimenCount-female="34" specimenCount-male="21" stateProvince="Kerala">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="A498FD00FF3B152EA3C04475FF76999F" box="[160,220,1148,1173]" count="34" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" type="female">34 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<specimenCount id="A498FD00FF3B152EA38E4475FEB7999F" box="[238,285,1148,1173]" count="21" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" type="male">21♂</specimenCount>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="1F6B535FFF3B152EA24F4475FEE6999E" box="[303,332,1148,1173]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">All</collectorName>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="CA897619FF3B152EA2FB4475FE7C999E" box="[411,470,1148,1173]" name="India" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="705AF86BFF3B152EA2854475FD84999E" box="[485,558,1148,1173]" country="India" name="Kerala" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">Kerala</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, Kozhikode district collected by C
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="02F63CD4FF3B152EA0A74475FBB2999E" box="[967,1048,1148,1173]" collectorName="All" country="India" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Kerala" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kerala">. Binoy</materialsCitation>
|
||||
. Malabar Christian College Campus (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="D7AA504EFF3B152EA2B64496FD9499B3" box="[470,574,1183,1208]" degrees="11.263" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" precision="55" value="11.263">11.263°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="D7AA504EFF3B152EA12B4496FD0499B3" box="[587,686,1183,1208]" degrees="75.779" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" precision="55" value="75.779">75.779°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<quantity id="75669B6CFF3B152EA1DA4496FD5D99B3" box="[698,759,1183,1208]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" unit="m" value="27.0">27 m</quantity>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<specimenCount id="A498FD00FF3B152EA06D4496FC8499BD" box="[781,814,1183,1208]" count="3" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
|
||||
collected in
|
||||
<date id="C6201049FF3B152EA0A74496FB2A99B3" box="[967,1152,1183,1208]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" value="2018-11">November 2018</date>
|
||||
, remainder in
|
||||
<date id="C6201049FF3B152EA25744CBFD9499D0" box="[311,574,1218,1243]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" value="2021-01" valueMax="2021-02-31" valueMin="2021-01-00">January–February 2021</date>
|
||||
. (see ‘Material and methods’ for deposition).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FA846502FF3B152EA3C0450FFEAC9B18" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3B152EA3C0450FFEBE982B" blockId="9.[160,1156,1286,1624]" box="[160,276,1286,1312]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3B152EA3C0450FFEBE982B" bold="true" box="[160,276,1286,1312]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3B152EA3C04523FEAC9B18" blockId="9.[160,1156,1286,1624]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">Head, mesosoma and metasoma with short, conspicuous setae; eye red in colour; mesoscutum with seven to eight adnotaular erect setae; mesoscutum medially with six longitudinal carinae, median one longest, reaching scutellar grove; scutellum leathery with two erect bristles, one in middle and other near posterior margin; propodeal spiracle not removed from metanotum; propodeum with a median carina; costa with three setae; metasoma yellow with black patches on terga; ovipositor sheath and ovipositor well exserted.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FA846502FF3B152BA3A04617FEB49B59" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="1081" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3B152EA3A04617FE839B53" blockId="9.[160,1156,1286,1624]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3B152EA3A04617FECF9B3F" bold="true" box="[192,357,1566,1588]" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">Redescription</emphasis>
|
||||
(female). (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3B152EA2BE4615FDD19B3E" box="[478,635,1564,1589]" captionStart="Figure 31–40" captionStartId="10.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1598]" captionTargetId="figure-3@10.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 31–40. Parachrysocharis malabarensis Narendran, 2007. ♀ 31, habitus, lateral view; 32, habitus, dorsal view; 33, head and antenna,lateral view; 34, head, dorsal view; 35, head, frontal view (mandible and clypeus in inset); 36, mesosoma, dorsal view; 37, propodeum; 38, mesosoma, lateral view; 39, forewing; 40, metasoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758117/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">Figures 31–39</figureCitation>
|
||||
) Body length
|
||||
<quantity id="75669B6CFF3B152EA07D4615FC0E9B3E" box="[797,932,1564,1589]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.1" valueMin="1.4">1.4–2.1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
; length of forewing 1.0–
|
||||
<quantity id="75669B6CFF3B152EA3AD4636FE8C9B53" box="[205,294,1599,1624]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3B152CA3C0468DFC2699F6" blockId="9.[160,1156,1668,1728]" lastBlockId="11.[160,1156,1148,1277]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="1080" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3B152EA3C0468DFF5F9B95" bold="true" box="[160,245,1668,1694]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="1078">Colour.</emphasis>
|
||||
Body yellowish orange with the following parts variably coloured: eye, ocellar triangle and tip of mandibular teeth reddish brown; ocelli red; scape translucent yellow, pedicel little darker; remaining antennomeres brownish black; metasoma yellow with short patch basally on Gt1, posterior band on Gt2, dorso medial band on Gt3 and Gt4, medial short patch on Gt5, and Gt6 and epipygium entirely brownish black; venation on forewing translucent ivory/white (pale brown in some specimens).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="E6E16601FF38152DA3C04669FDBE9BC4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758117" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758117/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="1079" startId="10.[160,225,1632,1654]" targetBox="[165,1151,144,1598]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF38152DA3C04669FDBE9BC4" blockId="10.[160,1157,1632,1743]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1079">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF38152DA3C04669FE869B7D" bold="true" box="[160,300,1632,1654]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1079">Figure 31–40.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF38152DA2514669FD549B7C" authority="Narendran, 2007" authorityName="Narendran" authorityYear="2007" box="[305,766,1632,1655]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Parachrysocharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="1079" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malabarensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF38152DA2514669FDFC9B7C" box="[305,598,1632,1655]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="1079">Parachrysocharis malabarensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF38152DA13C4669FD549B7C" author="Narendran TC" box="[604,766,1632,1655]" pageId="10" pageNumber="1079" pagination="1 - 386" refId="ref7402" refString="Narendran TC. 2007. Indian Chalcidoid Parasitoids of the Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), Published by the Director, Zool. Surv. India, Kolkata. Rec Zool Sur India. 272: 1 - 386." type="journal article" year="2007">Narendran, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. ♀ 31, habitus, lateral view; 32, habitus, dorsal view; 33, head and antenna, lateral view; 34, head, dorsal view; 35, head, frontal view (mandible and clypeus in inset); 36, mesosoma, dorsal view; 37, propodeum; 38, mesosoma, lateral view; 39, forewing; 40, metasoma, lateral view.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="E6E16601FF39152CA3C043D4FF7E9925" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758121" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758121" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758121/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1080" startId="11.[160,225,989,1011]" targetBox="[165,1151,144,954]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF39152CA3C043D4FF7E9925" blockId="11.[160,1156,988,1070]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1080">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF39152CA3C043D4FE849EF9" bold="true" box="[160,302,988,1011]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1080">Figure 41–44.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="759E4D0AFF39152CA25643D5FCA09EF8" authority="Narendran, 2007" authorityName="Narendran" authorityYear="2007" box="[310,778,988,1011]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Parachrysocharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="1080" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malabarensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF39152CA25643D5FDF79EF8" box="[310,605,988,1011]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1080">Parachrysocharis malabarensis</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D60F4B78FF39152CA10543D5FCA09EF8" author="Narendran TC" box="[613,778,988,1011]" pageId="11" pageNumber="1080" pagination="1 - 386" refId="ref7402" refString="Narendran TC. 2007. Indian Chalcidoid Parasitoids of the Tetrastichinae (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), Published by the Director, Zool. Surv. India, Kolkata. Rec Zool Sur India. 272: 1 - 386." type="journal article" year="2007">Narendran, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. ♂ 41, habitus, lateral view; 42, head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 43, mesosoma, propodeum and Gt1, dorsal view; 44, metasoma, dorsal view.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF39152BA3C04520FBD99C7C" blockId="11.[160,1156,1321,1728]" lastBlockId="12.[160,1155,142,375]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="1081" pageId="11" pageNumber="1080">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF39152CA3C04520FF4F9848" bold="true" box="[160,229,1321,1347]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="1080">Head.</emphasis>
|
||||
In anterior view 1.26× as long as wide; finely alutaceous with setigerous pits along inner eye margin, setae long, erect, white arising from tubercles; a median ridge/carina running from anterior ocellus onto subtriangular elevation at the inter-torular space; lower face with more setigerous pits on alutaceous surface; clypeus apico-medially produced into pair of distinct lobes and pair of lateral pointed processes (in some specimens a short yet prominent median tooth-like protuberance present); labrum trapezoid, distinctly protruding beyond clypeus; mandible bidentate, inner tooth large, blunt (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF39152CA3C84614FEBA9B3D" box="[168,272,1565,1590]" captionStart="Figure 31–40" captionStartId="10.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1598]" captionTargetId="figure-3@10.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 31–40. Parachrysocharis malabarensis Narendran, 2007. ♀ 31, habitus, lateral view; 32, habitus, dorsal view; 33, head and antenna,lateral view; 34, head, dorsal view; 35, head, frontal view (mandible and clypeus in inset); 36, mesosoma, dorsal view; 37, propodeum; 38, mesosoma, lateral view; 39, forewing; 40, metasoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758117/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1080">Figure 34</figureCitation>
|
||||
); in dorsal view transverse, 2.1× as wide as long; vertex and occiput alutaceous, with short erect brown seta arising from tubercle; setae on ocellar triangle comparatively long, pale brown in colour; ocellar triangle slightly obtuse; POL 2.0 × OOL, 1.6 × AOL and 1.3 × OD (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF39152CA273468CFED69B95" box="[275,380,1669,1694]" captionStart="Figure 31–40" captionStartId="10.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1598]" captionTargetId="figure-3@10.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 31–40. Parachrysocharis malabarensis Narendran, 2007. ♀ 31, habitus, lateral view; 32, habitus, dorsal view; 33, head and antenna,lateral view; 34, head, dorsal view; 35, head, frontal view (mandible and clypeus in inset); 36, mesosoma, dorsal view; 37, propodeum; 38, mesosoma, lateral view; 39, forewing; 40, metasoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758117/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="1080">Figure 34</figureCitation>
|
||||
); eye bare, height of eye in profile 3.2× as long as malar space; gena narrow, almost bare, with scattered adpressed setae, alutaceous; malar sulcus distinct, straight; antenna with three-segmented funicle, three segmented clava and two distinct annelli (11233); scape and pedicel with short adpressed brown erect setae; long sensillae and numerous adpressed setae on remainder of antennomeres; scape not reaching median ocellus, reaching 0.8 of frons; 3.2× as long as wide, 1.9× as long as pedicel, distal end expanded; pedicel 2.1× as long as wide, 0.78× as long as fu1; all funicles longer than wide; length to width ratio of funiculars: 1.9, 1.4, 1.4; clava as 0.64× combined length of all funicles, 3.2× as long as wide, tapering to apex, without any terminal spine (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3E152BA09D4157FBCC9C7C" box="[1021,1126,350,375]" captionStart="Figure 31–40" captionStartId="10.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1598]" captionTargetId="figure-3@10.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 31–40. Parachrysocharis malabarensis Narendran, 2007. ♀ 31, habitus, lateral view; 32, habitus, dorsal view; 33, head and antenna,lateral view; 34, head, dorsal view; 35, head, frontal view (mandible and clypeus in inset); 36, mesosoma, dorsal view; 37, propodeum; 38, mesosoma, lateral view; 39, forewing; 40, metasoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758117/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1081">Figure 33</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3E152BA3C041BAFE0D9E67" blockId="12.[160,1156,435,876]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1081">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3E152BA3C041BAFE8C9CC6" bold="true" box="[160,294,435,461]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1081">Mesosoma.</emphasis>
|
||||
Pronotum distinctly arching, narrow, distinctly pilose with two rows of setae placed on tubercles, neck with numerous short setae; surface of pronotum, mesoscutum faintly alutaceous, similar to head; mesoscutum 1.67× as long as wide with well-marked notauli; middle lobe of mesoscutum with median long ridge supplemented by three weak ridges on either side; with 10–12 long adnotaular erect setae; lateral lobe of mesoscutum with numerous well-separated erect setae arising from tubercles; scutellum finely reticulate/leathery with two erect bristles, one in middle and other above posterior margin, margins of scutellum foveolate (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3E152BA17C42AFFD209FB4" box="[540,650,678,703]" captionStart="Figure 31–40" captionStartId="10.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1598]" captionTargetId="figure-3@10.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 31–40. Parachrysocharis malabarensis Narendran, 2007. ♀ 31, habitus, lateral view; 32, habitus, dorsal view; 33, head and antenna,lateral view; 34, head, dorsal view; 35, head, frontal view (mandible and clypeus in inset); 36, mesosoma, dorsal view; 37, propodeum; 38, mesosoma, lateral view; 39, forewing; 40, metasoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758117/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1081">Figure 36</figureCitation>
|
||||
); lateral panel of pronotum and prepectus reticulate; mesopleuron smooth, shiny; metapleuron reticulate (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3E152BA01C42C0FC4D9FE9" box="[892,999,713,738]" captionStart="Figure 31–40" captionStartId="10.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1598]" captionTargetId="figure-3@10.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 31–40. Parachrysocharis malabarensis Narendran, 2007. ♀ 31, habitus, lateral view; 32, habitus, dorsal view; 33, head and antenna,lateral view; 34, head, dorsal view; 35, head, frontal view (mandible and clypeus in inset); 36, mesosoma, dorsal view; 37, propodeum; 38, mesosoma, lateral view; 39, forewing; 40, metasoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758117/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1081">Figure 38</figureCitation>
|
||||
); metanotum and propodeum with coarser reticulation; propodeum short, 7.1× as long as broad, median carina and short sublateral carina distinct; propodeal spiracle large, round, peritreme exposed, not removed from metanotum (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3E152BA0644338FCDB9E41" box="[772,881,817,842]" captionStart="Figure 31–40" captionStartId="10.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1598]" captionTargetId="figure-3@10.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 31–40. Parachrysocharis malabarensis Narendran, 2007. ♀ 31, habitus, lateral view; 32, habitus, dorsal view; 33, head and antenna,lateral view; 34, head, dorsal view; 35, head, frontal view (mandible and clypeus in inset); 36, mesosoma, dorsal view; 37, propodeum; 38, mesosoma, lateral view; 39, forewing; 40, metasoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758117/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1081">Figure 37</figureCitation>
|
||||
); callus with four erect white setae (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3E152BA250435AFE309E67" box="[304,410,851,876]" captionStart="Figure 31–40" captionStartId="10.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1598]" captionTargetId="figure-3@10.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 31–40. Parachrysocharis malabarensis Narendran, 2007. ♀ 31, habitus, lateral view; 32, habitus, dorsal view; 33, head and antenna,lateral view; 34, head, dorsal view; 35, head, frontal view (mandible and clypeus in inset); 36, mesosoma, dorsal view; 37, propodeum; 38, mesosoma, lateral view; 39, forewing; 40, metasoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758117/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1081">Figure 38</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3E152BA3C043A1FC9B9999" blockId="12.[160,1156,936,1170]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1081">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3E152BA3C043A1FF5B9EC9" bold="true" box="[160,241,936,962]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1081">Wings.</emphasis>
|
||||
Forewing hyaline, with short and dense discal ciliation, 2.1× as long as its maximum width; marginal fringe long and erect at MV; SMV with four strong semi erect dorsal setae; decolourised area on parastigma between SMV and MV; STV with distinct uncus; cubital setal line expanded in middle, remainder straight till apical wing margin; MV 1.8× as long as SMV; MV 3.9× as long as STV; CC 5.6× as long as broad, with numerous short setae on lamina; hindwing hyaline, 4.8× as long as wide, marginal fringe slightly long, discal ciliation similar to that of forewing (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3E152BA1DB4470FC8E9999" box="[699,804,1145,1170]" captionStart="Figure 31–40" captionStartId="10.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1598]" captionTargetId="figure-3@10.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 31–40. Parachrysocharis malabarensis Narendran, 2007. ♀ 31, habitus, lateral view; 32, habitus, dorsal view; 33, head and antenna,lateral view; 34, head, dorsal view; 35, head, frontal view (mandible and clypeus in inset); 36, mesosoma, dorsal view; 37, propodeum; 38, mesosoma, lateral view; 39, forewing; 40, metasoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758117/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1081">Figure 39</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3E152BA3C044C4FC939844" blockId="12.[160,1156,1229,1359]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1081">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3E152BA3C044C4FF7199EC" bold="true" box="[160,219,1229,1255]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1081">Legs.</emphasis>
|
||||
Metacoxa reticulate, 1.9× as long as wide; hind femur weakly reticulated, 4.4× as long maximum width, surface with scattered suberect setae and moderately dense adpressed setae; hind tibia setose, slightly shorter than hind femur, 6.0× as long as wide; metatibial spur 0.8× as long as basitarsus (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3E152BA1A2453FFC869844" box="[706,812,1334,1359]" captionStart="Figure 31–40" captionStartId="10.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1598]" captionTargetId="figure-3@10.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 31–40. Parachrysocharis malabarensis Narendran, 2007. ♀ 31, habitus, lateral view; 32, habitus, dorsal view; 33, head and antenna,lateral view; 34, head, dorsal view; 35, head, frontal view (mandible and clypeus in inset); 36, mesosoma, dorsal view; 37, propodeum; 38, mesosoma, lateral view; 39, forewing; 40, metasoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758117/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1081">Figure 31</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2213689FF3E152BA3C04582FEB49B59" blockId="12.[160,1156,1419,1618]" pageId="12" pageNumber="1081">
|
||||
<emphasis id="80EAEA9BFF3E152BA3C04582FE8E98AE" bold="true" box="[160,292,1419,1445]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="1081">Metasoma.</emphasis>
|
||||
Petiole inconspicuous; metasoma ovate with apex pointed, all terga faintly reticulate/alutaceous, sculpture more prominent on Gt4–Gt6; dorsum of Gt1 and Gt2 bare, laterally with single row of setae near its posterior margin; Gt3–Gt5 with 2–3 rows of setae on dorsum near posterior margin; cercal setae unequal, one long and sinuate; hypopygium reaching middle of metasoma; ovipositor sheath and ovipositor exserted (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="2AA52A0CFF3E152BA3C84630FEBB9B59" box="[168,273,1593,1618]" captionStart="Figure 31–40" captionStartId="10.[160,225,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,1598]" captionTargetId="figure-3@10.[163,1153,142,1600]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 31–40. Parachrysocharis malabarensis Narendran, 2007. ♀ 31, habitus, lateral view; 32, habitus, dorsal view; 33, head and antenna,lateral view; 34, head, dorsal view; 35, head, frontal view (mandible and clypeus in inset); 36, mesosoma, dorsal view; 37, propodeum; 38, mesosoma, lateral view; 39, forewing; 40, metasoma, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13758117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13758117/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="1081">Figure 40</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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Reference in a new issue