193 lines
24 KiB
XML
193 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="51B3046E0E71DFB4CDEC7F1CF076830E" ID-CLB-Dataset="61138" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5141.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6ce390ad-f0a3-48cf-8ce6-a5bb91079980" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6592647" ID-ZooBank="F1A19245-2F3F-4F84-91BB-5B5A9FDA6236" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1653901342127" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany, Marques, Dayse Willkenia A. & Rafael, José Albertino" docDate="2022" docId="C752F13CFFCA4854FF4ED337FCCC2BFE" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5141.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5141 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Cephalops Fallen 1810" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="203" masterDocId="3B6B8944FFCB4856FFD9D438FFAE2942" masterDocTitle="Cephalops Fallén and Semicephalops De Meyer (Diptera: Pipunculidae) of Colombia, with description of five new species and an updated key to males of the Neotropical species" masterLastPageNumber="226" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="202" updateTime="1699338199838" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="C56BD0EE9B385C249C1673CEC39E90E5">
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<mods:title id="75584528818896C55BE334FE8CD81043">Cephalops Fallén and Semicephalops De Meyer (Diptera: Pipunculidae) of Colombia, with description of five new species and an updated key to males of the Neotropical species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="8C4359AC170CDD51058D795C44400836" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1733EF17A46A2BA1B6A5D6C1C12E2569">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="7DA80A55B7F6B7EA16206B6528B2678E">Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="296BC5B4B028007B41E90B7909063D94">Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, INPA, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="C6F743D18C5FE9F3220629B5C20883D3" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="2D5C5C160D8967D5C5762DEEA188ED47">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FB54083F12954B0F627DA59036D4B843">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="175F87A492A6D6AFD4340A03BF6ED792">Marques, Dayse Willkenia A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="11F6980DE0E9EF1C4286609A03DE011A" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7260-5760</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="87048538CE0D1B8663F42CAA27CC6A37">Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, INPA, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. & willkenia @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7260 - 5760</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="423F1967EBBE1C7992C2C9CC64D8F969" type="email">willkenia@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="13DB958936F820D6CB4CA7ECF0BDDAD2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="EA27EEEE750FAC0A85CD18528706B4D8">Rafael, José Albertino</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F4F6F64F946A4105F4AA833F52B39C94" type="ORCID">0000-0002-0170-0514</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="085C456AB43F237929EBD377E7DB0440">Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, INPA, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. & jarafael @ inpa. gov. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0170 - 0514</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="6CA0513034279D2BD1118D4F373A4B20" type="email">jarafael@inpa.gov.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="74ACA5C59EA7BA1EDEDFDF02B9A9B21E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="679B2FE9CA3CEA4A126F7DBE5D4C0811">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E46D6FAF20041B5D62F834CA406E9C4B">2022-05-26</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C90E3B27787C4A5B31F0F59761C2CFF3">5141</mods:number>
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<treatment id="C752F13CFFCA4854FF4ED337FCCC2BFE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6595609" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195702602" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6595609" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C752F13CFFCA4854FF4ED337FCCC2BFE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C752F13CFFCA4854FF4ED337FCCC2BFE" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="203" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">
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<subSubSection id="07E113A1FFCA4857FF4ED337FD932E6A" box="[151,573,1806,1833]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="4F44402AFFCA4857FF4ED337FD932E6A" blockId="1.[151,573,1806,1833]" box="[151,573,1806,1833]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">
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<heading id="140CF746FFCA4857FF4ED337FD932E6A" bold="true" box="[151,573,1806,1833]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="7D8F9C38FFCA4857FF4ED337FD932E6A" bold="true" box="[151,573,1806,1833]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">
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The genus
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||
<taxonomicName id="88FB3BA9FFCA4857FEC7D336FD932E6A" ID-CoL="3KGS" ID-ENA="115242" authority="Fallen, 1810" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1810" box="[286,573,1806,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Cephalops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7D8F9C38FFCA4857FEC7D336FE332E6B" bold="true" box="[286,413,1806,1833]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Cephalops</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2B6A3DDBFFCA4857FE7CD336FD932E6A" author="Fallen, C. F." box="[421,573,1806,1833]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" refId="ref18650" refString="Fallen, C. F. (1810) Specimen entomologicum novam Diptera disponendi methodum exhibiens. Dissetiatio, Lund, 1810, l - 26." type="book" year="1810">Fallén, 1810</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4F44402AFFCA4857FF4ED36BFA342EC8" blockId="1.[151,1436,1875,2022]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="6FEB6704FFCA4857FF4ED36BFA342EC8" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">
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<treatmentCitation id="CE5A663BFFCA4857FF4ED36BFE1F2E29" author="Fallen, C. F." box="[151,433,1875,1899]" page="10" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" year="1810">
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||
<taxonomicName id="88FB3BA9FFCA4857FF4ED36BFE1F2E29" ID-CoL="3KGS" authority="Fallen, 1810: 10" authorityName="Fallen" authorityPageNumber="10" authorityYear="1810" box="[151,433,1875,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Cephalops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7D8F9C38FFCA4857FF4ED36BFEAD2E29" box="[151,259,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Cephalops</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="2B6A3DDBFFCA4857FED3D36BFE1F2E29" author="Fallen, C. F." box="[266,433,1875,1899]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" refId="ref18650" refString="Fallen, C. F. (1810) Specimen entomologicum novam Diptera disponendi methodum exhibiens. Dissetiatio, Lund, 1810, l - 26." type="book" year="1810">Fallén, 1810: 10</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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<typeStatus id="9040FE88FFCA4857FE63D36CFE422E2E" box="[442,492,1876,1900]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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<taxonomicName id="88FB3BA9FFCA4857FD98D36BFCD12E29" ID-CoL="8BCPW" authority="Fallen, 1810" authorityName="Fallen" authorityYear="1810" box="[577,895,1875,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Cephalops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aeneus">
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<emphasis id="7D8F9C38FFCA4857FD98D36BFD542E29" box="[577,762,1875,1899]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Cephalops aeneus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2B6A3DDBFFCA4857FCD9D36BFCD12E29" author="Fallen, C. F." box="[768,895,1875,1899]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" refId="ref18650" refString="Fallen, C. F. (1810) Specimen entomologicum novam Diptera disponendi methodum exhibiens. Dissetiatio, Lund, 1810, l - 26." type="book" year="1810">Fallén, 1810</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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(monotypy);
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<treatmentCitation id="CE5A663BFFCA4857FBD0D36BFB112E29" author="Rafael, J. A." box="[1033,1215,1875,1899]" page="353" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" year="1990">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="2B6A3DDBFFCA4857FBD0D36BFB112E29" author="Rafael, J. A." box="[1033,1215,1875,1899]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" pagination="353 - 390" refId="ref19665" refString="Rafael, J. A. (1990) Revisao das especies neotropicais do genero Cephalops Fallen (Diptera: Pipunculidae). Acta Amazonica, 20, 353 - 390." type="journal article" year="1990">Rafael, 1990: 353</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, figs 1–133; De Meyer, 1989a: 725, figs 1–149;
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<bibRefCitation id="2B6A3DDBFFCA4857FE07D34AFD162EC8" author="De Meyer, M." box="[478,696,1906,1930]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" pagination="725 - 765" refId="ref18439" refString="De Meyer, M. (1989 b) The West-Palaearctic species of the pipunculid genera Cephalops and Beckerias (Diptera): classification, phylogeny and geographical distribution. Journal of Natural History, 23, 725 - 765. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938900770391" type="journal article" year="1989">De Meyer, 1989b: 99</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 1–49;
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<bibRefCitation id="2B6A3DDBFFCA4857FCF7D34AFC402EC8" author="De Meyer, M." box="[814,1006,1906,1930]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" pagination="7 - 18" refId="ref18581" refString="De Meyer, M. (1994) Phylogenetic relationship within the Cephalopsini (Diptera, Pipunculidae). Bulletin et annales de la Socieitei royale belge d'entomologie, 130, 7 - 18." type="journal article" year="1994">De Meyer, 1994: 8</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 1–49;
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<bibRefCitation id="2B6A3DDBFFCA4857FBBFD34AFAB22EC8" author="Rafael, J. A." box="[1126,1308,1906,1930]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" pagination="363 - 381" refId="ref19747" refString="Rafael, J. A. (1996) Pipunculidae (Insecta: Diptera) of the Dominican Republic: New records and Description of new species. Annals of Carnegie Museum, 65, 363 - 381." type="journal article" year="1996">Rafael, 1996: 363</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 12–17.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="4F44402AFFCA4857FF4ED3A8FDDE2E85" blockId="1.[151,1436,1875,2022]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">
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||
<taxonomicName id="88FB3BA9FFCA4857FF4ED3A8FEA72EEA" ID-CoL="6QSR" box="[151,265,1936,1960]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Pipunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7D8F9C38FFCA4857FF4ED3A8FEA72EEA" box="[151,265,1936,1960]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Pipunculus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(group II);
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<bibRefCitation id="2B6A3DDBFFCA4857FE5ED3A8FD942EEA" author="Becker, T." box="[391,570,1936,1961]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" pagination="25 - 100" refId="ref18162" refString="Becker, T. (1897) Dipterologische Studien V. Pipunculidae. Berliner entomologische Zeitschrift, 42, 25 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 18970420108" type="journal article" year="1897">Becker, 1897: 36</bibRefCitation>
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, 58 (partim); 1900: 226 (partim); 1921: 149 (partim);
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<bibRefCitation id="2B6A3DDBFFCA4857FBABD3A9FA942EEA" author="Cresson, E. T. Jr." box="[1138,1338,1936,1961]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" pagination="291 - 329" refId="ref18290" refString="Cresson, E. T. Jr. (1911) Studies in North America dipterology: Pipunculidae. Transaction of the American Entomological Society, 36, 291 - 329." type="journal article" year="1911">Cresson, 1911: 296</bibRefCitation>
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(partim);
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<bibRefCitation id="2B6A3DDBFFCA4857FF1ED397FE492E85" author="Motamedinia, B & Skevington, J. H. & Kelso, S. & Kelmahier, C." box="[199,487,1967,1991]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" pagination="1 - 19" refId="ref19593" refString="Motamedinia, B, Skevington, J. H., Kelso, S. & Kelmahier, C. (2021) The first comprensive, multigene molecular phylogeny for big - headed flies (Diptera: Pipunculidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, zlab 094, 1 - 19. [published online] https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / zoolinnean / zlab 094" type="book chapter" year="2021">
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||
Motamedinia
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||
<emphasis id="7D8F9C38FFCA4857FE8CD388FE2F2E85" box="[341,385,1967,1991]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2021: 14
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
(phylogeny).
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="4F44402AFFCA4857FF4ED3F6FBEF2EA4" blockId="1.[151,1436,1875,2022]" box="[151,1089,1998,2022]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="88FB3BA9FFCA4857FF4ED3F6FE202EA4" authority="Hardy, 1943: 54" authorityName="Hardy" authorityPageNumber="54" authorityYear="1943" box="[151,398,1998,2022]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Dorilas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="7D8F9C38FFCA4857FF4ED3F6FF4A2EA4" box="[151,228,1998,2022]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="202">Dorilas</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B6A3DDBFFCA4857FF32D3F6FE202EA4" author="Hardy, D. E." box="[235,398,1998,2022]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" pagination="1 - 231" refId="ref18677" refString="Hardy, D. E. (1943) A revision of Nearctic Dorilaidae (Pipunculidae). Kansas University Science Bulletin, 29 (1), 1 - 231." type="journal article" year="1943">Hardy, 1943: 54</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(partim); 1950a: 13 (partim); 1959: 391;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="2B6A3DDBFFCA4857FCEAD3F6FC4E2EA4" author="Aczel, M." box="[819,992,1998,2022]" pageId="1" pageNumber="202" pagination="237 - 251" refId="ref18088" refString="Aczel, M. (1952) Catalogo de la familia Dorilaidae (Pipunculidae) de la region Neotropical. Revista de la Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, 15, 237 - 251." type="journal article" year="1952">Aczél, 1952: 240</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(partim).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4F44402AFFC94854FF4ED4AFFE2C298F" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,267]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<emphasis id="7D8F9C38FFC94854FF4ED4AFFF7129ED" box="[151,223,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Witella</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B6A3DDBFFC94854FF3FD4AFFE3529ED" author="Hardy, D. E." box="[230,411,150,175]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" pagination="1 - 53" refId="ref18822" refString="Hardy, D. E. (1950 b) Dorilaidae (Pipunculidae) Exploration du Parc National Albert, Miss. G. F. de Witte (1933 - 1935), 1950, 1 - 53." type="journal article" year="1950">Hardy, 1950b: 41</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
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||
<typeStatus id="9040FE88FFC94854FE7CD4AFFE7929ED" box="[421,471,151,175]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="88FB3BA9FFC94854FDF6D4AFFCD229ED" authority="Hardy, 1949" authorityName="Hardy" authorityYear="1949" box="[559,892,151,175]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Dorylas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="candidulus">
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||
<emphasis id="7D8F9C38FFC94854FDF6D4AFFD5829ED" box="[559,758,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Dorylas candidulus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B6A3DDBFFC94854FD27D4AFFCD229ED" author="Hardy, D. E." box="[766,892,151,175]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref18751" refString="Hardy, D. E. (1949) New Dorilaidae from the Belgian Congo. Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Entomologie, 25 (39), 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1949">Hardy, 1949</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(original designation); synonymized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B6A3DDBFFC94854FAC2D4AFFED0298F" author="Rafael, J. A. & De Meyer, M." pageId="2" pageNumber="203" pagination="637 - 658" refId="ref19697" refString="Rafael, J. A. & De Meyer, M. (1992) Generic classification of the family Pipunculidae (Diptera): a cladistic analysis. Journal of Natural History, 26, 637 - 658. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222939200770391" type="journal article" year="1992">Rafael & De Meyer, 1992: 649</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4F44402AFFC94854FF4ED4ECFB1A29AE" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,267]" box="[151,1204,212,236]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="6FEB6704FFC94854FF4ED4ECFB1A29AE" box="[151,1204,212,236]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
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<treatmentCitation id="CE5A663BFFC94854FF4ED4ECFDFA29AE" author="Hardy, D. E." box="[151,596,212,236]" page="230" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" year="1965">
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||
<taxonomicName id="88FB3BA9FFC94854FF4ED4ECFDFA29AE" authority="Hardy, 1965 a: 230" authorityName="Hardy" authorityPageNumber="230" authorityYear="1965" box="[151,596,212,236]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Pipunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pipunculus">
|
||
<emphasis id="7D8F9C38FFC94854FF4ED4ECFEA729AE" box="[151,265,212,236]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Pipunculus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="7D8F9C38FFC94854FEC1D4ECFE2429AE" box="[280,394,212,236]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Pipunculus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B6A3DDBFFC94854FE40D4ECFDFA29AE" author="Hardy, D. E." box="[409,596,212,236]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" pagination="187 - 241" refId="ref18941" refString="Hardy, D. E. (1965 a) The Pipunculidae of Argentina. Acta Zoologica Lilloana, 19, 187 - 241." type="journal article" year="1965">Hardy, 1965a: 230</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(partim); 1965b: 16; 1965c: 552 (partim); 1966: 6 (partim).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="4F44402AFFC94854FF4ED4CBFC8B2849" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,267]" box="[151,805,242,267]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="6FEB6704FFC94854FF4ED4CBFC8B2849" box="[151,805,242,267]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
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<treatmentCitation id="CE5A663BFFC94854FF4ED4CBFD972849" author="Hardy, D. E." box="[151,569,243,267]" page="10" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" year="1972">
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||
<taxonomicName id="88FB3BA9FFC94854FF4ED4CBFD972849" authority="Hardy, 1972: 10" authorityName="Hardy" authorityPageNumber="10" authorityYear="1972" box="[151,569,243,267]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Pipunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Cephalops">
|
||
<emphasis id="7D8F9C38FFC94854FF4ED4CBFEA72849" box="[151,265,243,267]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Pipunculus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="7D8F9C38FFC94854FEC1D4CBFE2A2849" box="[280,388,243,267]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Cephalops</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B6A3DDBFFC94854FE4AD4CBFD972849" author="Hardy, D. E." box="[403,569,243,267]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref19118" refString="Hardy, D. E. (1972) Studies on Oriental Pipunculidae (Diptera). Oriental Insects Supplements, 2, 1 - 76. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.1972.11745224" type="journal article" year="1972">Hardy, 1972: 10</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="CE5A663BFFC94854FD9DD4CAFD032849" author="Hardy, D. E." box="[580,685,242,267]" page="298" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" year="1975">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B6A3DDBFFC94854FD9DD4CAFD032849" author="Hardy, D. E." box="[580,685,242,267]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" refId="ref19155" refString="Hardy, D. E. (1975) Pipunculidae. In: Delfinado, M. D. & Hardy, D. E. (Eds.), A catalogue of Diptera of the Oriental region. Vol. 2. University of Hawaii, Honolulu, pp. 296 - 306." type="book" year="1975">1975: 298</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="CE5A663BFFC94854FD61D4CBFC8F2849" author="Hardy, D. E." box="[696,801,243,267]" page="484" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" year="1980">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B6A3DDBFFC94854FD61D4CBFC8F2849" author="Hardy, D. E." box="[696,801,243,267]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" pagination="483 - 487" refId="ref19211" refString="Hardy, D. E. (1980) Family Pipunculidae. In: Crosskey, R. W. (Ed.), Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afrotropical Region. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 483 - 487." type="book chapter" year="1980">1980: 484</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="07E113A1FFC94854FF4ED501FCCC2BFE" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="4F44402AFFC94854FF4ED501FCCC2BFE" blockId="2.[151,1437,312,700]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">
|
||
<emphasis id="7D8F9C38FFC94854FF4ED501FEA42811" bold="true" box="[151,266,313,339]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
[adapted from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2B6A3DDBFFC94854FE6AD501FDD62811" author="De Meyer, M." box="[435,632,312,339]" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" pagination="7 - 18" refId="ref18581" refString="De Meyer, M. (1994) Phylogenetic relationship within the Cephalopsini (Diptera, Pipunculidae). Bulletin et annales de la Socieitei royale belge d'entomologie, 130, 7 - 18." type="journal article" year="1994">De Meyer (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]. In the Neotropical Region, small to medium size species (
|
||
<quantity id="8803EDCFFFC94854FADCD501FA3E2811" box="[1285,1424,313,339]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="203" unit="mm" value="4.25" valueMax="6.2" valueMin="2.3">2.3–6.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
). Eyes holoptic in males, dichoptic in females; ocellar setae absent. Face equal or subequal to the width of the lower part of the frons. Postpedicel with acuminate apex (rarely rounded). Scutum with inconspicuous uniserial dorsocentral setae (acrostichal setae absent). Proepisternum with fan-like setal tuft. All femora with ventral ctenidia. Hind tibia with one or more erected anterior spines on the median part, fore and mid tibiae with distinct apical spines. Wing with pterostigma, vein M
|
||
<subScript id="D37F426FFFC94854FE2CD5C7FE532B4F" attach="left" box="[501,509,511,525]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="203">2</subScript>
|
||
absent; cross-vein r-m placed at basal third of discal cell or even more basally. Abdomen broad and short with inconspicuous setae; tergite 1 with fan-like lateral setae (rarely absent). Apex of phallic guide stout, long, simple, or with lateral or dorsal lobes. Phallus usually stem-shaped, trifid, rarely with ejaculatory ducts clearly separated, most species with a reduction of the number of ejaculatory ducts to two (often covered with small teeth) or even one membranous structure. Ejaculatory apodeme usually funnel-shaped or needle-shaped (rarely mushroom-shaped, fan-shaped, tubiform or pin-shaped).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |