174 lines
20 KiB
XML
174 lines
20 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="BD0ED14D900A8EF4817E20101DE97243">
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<mods:title id="6B713E25278DF911614F63F5803B43CD">Phalangeridae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="975BD0310E5B15F65EFA4D19DB2DC643">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="690BDC90155446B5D7CE80D6C6E82363">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:publisher id="38986386C1F2E497793EA8AA7F575CA3">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:titleInfo id="EF7D0A82D0214DBD017DA4D932202647">
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<mods:title id="30FA9EBB7338E35615EE768BB91E8F6F">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 5 Monotremes and Marsupials</mods:title>
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<treatment id="D344591F5336070523C2F67D172FFABE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6620409" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195958991" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6620409" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D344591F5336070523C2F67D172FFABE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D344591F5336070523C2F67D172FFABE" lastPageNumber="492" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">
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<subSubSection id="13F7BB825336070523C2F67D1FE0F607" box="[173,230,2476,2526]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="5B52E8095336070523C2F67D1FE0F607" blockId="11.[171,990,2476,2571]" box="[173,230,2476,2526]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">
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<heading id="001A5F655336070523C2F67D1FE0F607" box="[173,230,2476,2526]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">
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<figureCitation id="C3D6F48C5336070523C2F67D1FE0F607" box="[173,230,2476,2526]" captionStart="Plate 27: Phalangeridae" captionStartId="13.[109,139,3459,3480]" captionTargetBox="[12,2741,13,3643]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="11. Peleng Cuscus (Phalanger pelengensus), 12. Moluccan Cuscus (Phalanger ornatus), 13. Gebe Cuscus (Phalanger alexandrae), 14. Obi Cuscus (Phalanger rothschildi), 15. Ground Cuscus (Phalanger gymnotis), 16. Woodlark Cuscus (Phalanger lullulae), 17. Northern Common Cuscus (Phalanger orientalis), 18. Eastern Common Cuscus (Phalanger intercastellanus), 19. Southern Common Cuscus (Phalanger mimicus), 20. Telefomin Cuscus (Phalanger matanim), 21. Stein’s Cuscus (Phalanger vestitus), 22. Silky Cuscus (Phalanger sericeus), 23. Mountain Cuscus (Phalanger carmelitae), 24. Black Spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus rufoniger), 25. Waigeo Spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus papuensis), 26. Admiralty Spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus kraemeri), 27. Blue-eyed Spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus wilsoni), 28. Common Spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus maculatus), 29. Australian Spotted Cuscus (Spilocuscus nudicaudatus)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6657492" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6657492/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">21.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="13F7BB82533607052397F67D1D1CF607" box="[248,538,2476,2526]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="5B52E809533607052397F67D1D1CF607" blockId="11.[171,990,2476,2571]" box="[248,538,2476,2526]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">
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<heading id="001A5F65533607052397F67D1D1CF607" box="[248,538,2476,2526]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">
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<vernacularName id="D5EE9827533607052397F67D1D1CF607" box="[248,538,2476,2526]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">Stein’s Cuscus</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="13F7BB82533607052122F67D1CA0F607" box="[589,934,2476,2526]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="5B52E809533607052122F67D1CA0F607" blockId="11.[171,990,2476,2571]" box="[589,934,2476,2526]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">
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<heading id="001A5F65533607052122F67D1CA0F607" box="[589,934,2476,2526]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">
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||
<taxonomicName id="9CED938A533607052122F67D1CA0F607" ID-CoL="4FR65" baseAuthorityName="Milne-Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[589,934,2476,2526]" class="Mammalia" family="Phalangeridae" genus="Phalanger" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vestitus">
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<emphasis id="6999341B533607052122F67D1CA0F607" box="[589,934,2476,2526]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">Phalanger vestitus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="13F7BB825336070523C2F6201CDBF5DF" box="[173,989,2545,2566]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="5B52E8095336070523C2F6201CDBF5DF" blockId="11.[171,990,2476,2571]" box="[173,989,2545,2566]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">
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<heading id="001A5F655336070523C2F6201CDBF5DF" box="[173,989,2545,2566]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">
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<emphasis id="6999341B5336070523C2F6201FFEF5DF" bold="true" box="[173,248,2545,2566]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="D5EE982753360705226DF6201EBAF5DF" box="[258,444,2545,2566]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">Phalanger de Stein</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="6999341B5336070522BEF6201D2AF5DF" bold="true" box="[465,556,2545,2566]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="D5EE982753360705215AF6201DC7F5DF" box="[565,705,2545,2566]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">Steins Kuskus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="6999341B5336070521B9F6201C34F5DF" bold="true" box="[726,818,2545,2566]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="D5EE9827533607052054F6201CDBF5DF" box="[827,989,2545,2566]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">Cuscus de Stein</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="13F7BB82533607052060F5EA1C5CF5A5" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="5B52E809533607052060F5EA1C5CF5A5" blockId="11.[783,1378,2619,3038]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">
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<emphasis id="6999341B533607052060F5EA1CACF58D" bold="true" box="[783,938,2619,2644]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="9CED938A5336070520D3F5EA1C53F5A5" authority="Milne-Edwards, 1877" authorityName="Milne-Edwards" authorityYear="1877" class="Mammalia" family="Phalangeridae" genus="Cuscus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vestitus">Cuscus vestitus Milne-Edwards, 1877</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="13F7BB8253360705200CF58E1B64F512" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="5B52E80953360705200CF58E1B64F512" blockId="11.[783,1378,2619,3038]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">
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<materialsCitation id="EB85E25453360705200CF58E1B64F512" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3813123314" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">“les monts Karons” (= Karons Mountains, Tamrau Range, Vogelkop Peninsula, West Papua, Indonesia).</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="13F7BB82533607052060F5001B4BF449" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="5B52E809533607052060F5001B4BF449" blockId="11.[783,1378,2619,3038]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">
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The widely separated subpopulations of
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<taxonomicName id="9CED938A53360705207FF4D01C91F4C3" ID-CoL="4FR65" baseAuthorityName="Milne-Edwards" box="[784,919,2817,2842]" class="Mammalia" family="Phalangeridae" genus="Phalanger" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="vestitus">P vestitus</taxonomicName>
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are distinctive, and their taxonomy needs to be reevaluated; it is likely more than one species is involved. Three subspecies recognized.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="13F7BB8253360705207FF4471E6BF37B" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" type="distribution">
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<caption id="0F92B88153360705207FF4471E6BF37B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6657461" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6657461" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6657461/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" targetBox="[169,760,2622,3036]" targetPageId="11">
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<paragraph id="5B52E80953360705207FF4471BA6F46E" blockId="11.[783,1378,2619,3038]" box="[784,1184,2966,2999]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">
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<emphasis id="6999341B53360705207FF4471BA6F46E" bold="true" box="[784,1184,2966,2999]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5B52E80953360705207FF4101B82F3DC" blockId="11.[783,1378,2619,3038]" lastBlockId="11.[171,1376,3048,3471]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">
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<taxonomicName id="9CED938A53360705207FF4101A59F407" authority="Milne-Edwards, 1877" authorityName="Milne-Edwards" authorityYear="1877" box="[784,1375,3009,3038]" class="Mammalia" family="Phalangeridae" genus="Phalanger" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="vestitus" subSpecies="vestitus">P.v.vestitusMilne-Edwards,1877—Bird's</taxonomicName>
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Head(=Vogelkop)Peninsula(ArfakandTamrauMts,1200-2200m).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5B52E8095336070523C2F3DD1A5BF38D" blockId="11.[171,1376,3048,3471]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">
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<taxonomicName id="9CED938A5336070523C2F3DD1A5BF38D" authority="Stein, 1933" authorityName="Stein" authorityYear="1933" class="Mammalia" family="Phalangeridae" genus="Phalanger" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="vestitus" subSpecies="interpositus">P.v.interpositusStein,1933—WeylandMtsofWCentralRange,perhapsalsoincludingStar(=Jayawijaya)MtspopulationsinthemiddleoftheCentralRange,1400-2000m.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5B52E8095336070523C2F38B1E6BF37B" blockId="11.[171,1376,3048,3471]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">
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<taxonomicName id="9CED938A5336070523C2F38B1DEDF3A2" authority="Menzies & Pernetta, 1986" authorityName="Menzies & Pernetta" authorityYear="1986" box="[173,747,3162,3195]" class="Mammalia" family="Phalangeridae" genus="Phalanger" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" phylum="Chordata" rank="variety" species="vestitus" subSpecies="permixtio" variety="permixtio">P. v. permixtio Menzies & Pernetta, 1986</taxonomicName>
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— E Central Range in Papua New Guinea, 1000-1600 m.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="13F7BB825336070523C4F37817F7FE02" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" type="description">
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<paragraph id="5B52E8095336070523C4F37817F7FE02" blockId="11.[171,1376,3048,3471]" lastBlockId="11.[1445,2652,285,1388]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">
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Descriptive notes. Head—body 3548-5 cm, tail 29-36 cm; weight 1.4-2.4 kg. Stein’s Cuscus is a medium-sized cuscus (condylobasal length 72-82 mm), broadly equivalent in size to the two other widespread montane endemic cuscuses in New Guinea, the Mountain Cuscus (
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<taxonomicName id="9CED938A5336070522D7F2F51D5FF298" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1898" box="[440,601,3364,3393]" class="Mammalia" family="Phalangeridae" genus="Phalanger" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carmelitae">P. carmelitae</taxonomicName>
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) and the Silky Cuscus (
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<taxonomicName id="9CED938A5336070520CBF2F51B2DF298" authorityName="Thomas" authorityYear="1907" box="[932,1067,3364,3393]" class="Mammalia" family="Phalangeridae" genus="Phalanger" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sericeus">P. sericeus</taxonomicName>
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). Color of Stein’s Cuscus is variable across its distribution. In central and western parts of its distribution,it has a distinct white elbow patch, not seen in any other species of phalangerid. Stein’s Cuscus differs from the Mountain Cuscus and the Silky Cuscus in having gray or silvery rather than blackish fur and relatively broad dark dorsal stripe. It also differs from the Northern Common Cuscus (
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<taxonomicName id="9CED938A533607052456FEBA18C8FE55" box="[1849,1998,363,396]" class="Mammalia" family="Phalangeridae" genus="Phalanger" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="11" pageNumber="491" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="orientalis">P. orientalis</taxonomicName>
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) in having a broaderstripe and longerfur. Tail of Stein’s Cuscus is naked and little tuberculated (except in males) at the base relative to all other species of phalangerids, except the Silky Cuscus.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="13F7BB825336070526C8FE331867FD78" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="5B52E8095336070526C8FE331867FD78" blockId="11.[1445,2652,285,1388]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">
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Habitat. Lower and mid-montane primary forests. In areas where Stein’s Cuscus has been best studied,it inhabits primary oak forest and appears to tolerate only a limited amount of disturbance. Stein’s Cuscus can be found in the same forests with congeners including the Silky Cuscus, Mountain Cuscus, Ground Cuscus (
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<taxonomicName id="9CED938A533607052A5AFD8916D4FDA0" authorityName="Peters & Doria" authorityYear="1875" box="[2357,2514,600,633]" class="Mammalia" family="Phalangeridae" genus="Phalanger" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gymnotis">P. gymnotis</taxonomicName>
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), and the Telefomin Cuscus (
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<taxonomicName id="9CED938A5336070525D7FD551852FD78" authorityName="Flannery" authorityYear="1987" box="[1720,1876,644,673]" class="Mammalia" family="Phalangeridae" genus="Phalanger" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diprotodontia" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="matanim">P. matanim</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="13F7BB825336070526C8FD761848FCBF" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="5B52E8095336070526C8FD761848FCBF" blockId="11.[1445,2652,285,1388]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">
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<emphasis id="6999341B5336070526C8FD7619BEFD11" bold="true" box="[1447,1720,679,712]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Like other species of phalangerids, Stein’s Cuscus is primarily folivorous—frugivorous. Based on studies of stomach contents, it also consumes flowers, flower buds, and pollen. Other observations have found them to eat acorns from
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<taxonomicName id="9CED938A5336070526C7FCCC1939FCE7" box="[1448,1599,797,830]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Lithocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lithocarpus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="9CED938A5336070525E0FCCC1825FCE7" box="[1679,1827,797,830]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Castanopsis</taxonomicName>
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(both
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<taxonomicName id="9CED938A5336070524E4FCCC1717FCE7" authorityName="Dumortier" authorityYear="1829" box="[1931,2065,797,830]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fagaceae</taxonomicName>
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). One observation of cecotrophy was recorded in a captive individual.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="13F7BB825336070526C8FCBD1871FC6C" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" type="breeding">
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<paragraph id="5B52E8095336070526C8FCBD1871FC6C" blockId="11.[1445,2652,285,1388]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">Breeding. There is no specific information available for this species, but Stein’s Cuscus produces one offspring at a time.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="13F7BB825336070526C9FC6A176DFBDA" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="5B52E8095336070526C9FC6A176DFBDA" blockId="11.[1445,2652,285,1388]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">Activity patterns. Stein’s Cuscus is nocturnal and typically solitary. Sleeping sites include tree hollows and bases of hollow tree trunks.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="13F7BB825336070526C8FBDB197DFB8B" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="5B52E8095336070526C8FBDB197DFB8B" blockId="11.[1445,2652,285,1388]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">
|
||
<emphasis id="6999341B5336070526C8FBDB1768FBF2" bold="true" box="[1447,2158,1034,1067]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
There is no information available for this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="13F7BB825336070526C8FB881874FACE" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="5B52E8095336070526C8FB881874FACE" blockId="11.[1445,2652,285,1388]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">
|
||
<emphasis id="6999341B5336070526C8FB88180AFBA3" bold="true" box="[1447,1804,1113,1146]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Principal conservation threats to Stein’s Cuscus include extensive clearing of habitat and widespread hunting. Areas where it primarily occurs are in the elevational range most favored for traditional gardens, so it is likely that its habitat is disturbed throughout most ofits potential distribution.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="13F7BB825336070526C8FAF7172FFABE" pageId="11" pageNumber="492" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="5B52E8095336070526C8FAF7172FFABE" blockId="11.[1445,2652,285,1388]" pageId="11" pageNumber="492">Bibliography. Flannery (1994a, 1995a), George (1987), Leary, Singadan, Menzies, Helgen, Wright, Allison, Aplin, Salas & Dickman (2008), Menzies & Pernetta (1986).</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |