156 lines
20 KiB
XML
156 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="EFA77FCA0A07B0E45A928267B86F20CA" ID-CLB-Dataset="3210" ID-DOI="10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00273.x" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d5564428-4d7a-4bca-9c71-3054d0bb654b" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4687556" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1618409178093" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Wedmann, Sonja & Makarkin, Vladimir N." docDate="2007" docId="0247144F1B2ADA2DFC77FD97A69FF9C2" docLanguage="en" docName="ZoolJLinnSoc.149.701-716.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 149 (4)" docSource="https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00273.x" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8.2:ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleId="0DD8C314D74634CE09062A86991413F8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2002-2009.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Symphrasites EOCENICUS 2007, SP. NOV." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="705" masterDocId="FE7E6C371B29DA29FFE1FFF2A311FFEF" masterDocTitle="A new genus of Mantispidae (Insecta: Neuroptera) from the Eocene of Germany, with a review of the fossil record and palaeobiogeography of the family" masterLastPageNumber="716" masterPageNumber="701" pageNumber="704" updateTime="1698936425496" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="CF18FF3E1416C967F481203A0B45EE80">A new genus of Mantispidae (Insecta: Neuroptera) from the Eocene of Germany, with a review of the fossil record and palaeobiogeography of the family</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BCB14362805154E515539091D4D0E7FB">Wedmann, Sonja</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="211053A625B9328AA1BB9519D4E9CB30">Makarkin, Vladimir N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="5A6B79D4120069E7FB006DAAE7AA4771">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="FF7E735F326B4AC369FB4840DE958B47">
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<mods:date id="A1F5E6114D28656C2CC497AAC3A2B29E">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E3286BA718651C6DA0DF5B989019E229">2007-04-30</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A513758831FC807F26FB9DB057A56FCA">149</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="5FD81083D82BCD104DEE4B1564125EAF">https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00273.x</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="8C6EF16EF44382DCC066BC0199D9D2C5">journal article</mods:classification>
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<treatment id="0247144F1B2ADA2DFC77FD97A69FF9C2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687319" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190874879" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4687319" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0247144F1B2ADA2DFC77FD97A69FF9C2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0247144F1B2ADA2DFC77FD97A69FF9C2" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="705" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">
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<subSubSection id="C2F4F6D21B2ADA2AFC77FD97A657FD92" box="[918,1350,613,637]" pageId="3" pageNumber="704" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8A51A5591B2ADA2AFC77FD97A657FD92" blockId="3.[918,1350,613,669]" box="[918,1350,613,637]" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">
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<heading id="D11912351B2ADA2AFC77FD97A657FD92" box="[918,1350,613,637]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="704" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4DEEDEDA1B2ADA2AFC77FD97A7CBFD94" ID-CoL="7QVD" authority="EOCENICUS" authorityName="EOCENICUS" authorityYear="2007" box="[918,1242,613,637]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Symphrasites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="704" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">SYMPHRASITES EOCENICUS</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B89A794B1B2ADA2AFB03FD9AA657FD92" bold="true" box="[1250,1350,613,637]" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3A9C4301B2ADA2AFB03FD9AA657FD92" box="[1250,1350,613,637]" pageId="3" pageNumber="704" rank="species">SP. NOV.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C2F4F6D21B2ADA2DFBD3FD77A69FF9C2" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="705" pageId="3" pageNumber="704" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8A51A5591B2ADA2AFBD3FD77A7BBFD72" blockId="3.[918,1350,613,669]" box="[1074,1194,645,669]" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">
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(
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<figureCitation id="12D5B9DC1B2ADA2AFBDBFD77A7B3FD72" box="[1082,1186,645,669]" captionStart-0="Figure 2" captionStart-1="Figure 3" captionStart-2="Figure 4" captionStartId-0="4.[142,220,1362,1381]" captionStartId-1="5.[162,240,679,698]" captionStartId-2="5.[162,240,1270,1289]" captionTargetBox-0="[142,1422,196,1329]" captionTargetBox-1="[322,1282,197,647]" captionTargetBox-2="[166,774,841,1238]" captionTargetId-0="figure-276@4.[142,1423,196,1329]" captionTargetId-1="figure-513@5.[322,1282,197,647]" captionTargetId-2="figure-539@5.[166,774,841,1238]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionText-0="Figure 2. Symphrasites eocenicus gen. et sp. nov., holotype MeI 8384. A, photograph. B, drawing of the forewing. Scale bar = 1 mm." captionText-1="Figure 3. Symphrasites eocenicus gen. et sp. nov. Reconstruction of the forewing venation of the holotype FIS MeI 8384. All unassignable veins are omitted in the drawing. C, costa; CuA, anterior cubitus; CuP, posterior cubitus; MA and MP, anterior and posterior branches of media; pt, pterostigma; R, radius; R1, first branch of radius; Rs, radial sector; Sc, subcosta. Scale bar = 1 mm." captionText-2="Figure 4. Apical portion of forewing margin of Symphrasites eocenicus showing trichosors (arrows). Scale bar = 100 µm. Laser scanning photograph." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687558" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687560" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687562" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4687558/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4687560/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4687562/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">FIGS 2–4</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8A51A5591B2ADA2AFCDBFD5FA73EFD0D" blockId="3.[826,1441,685,738]" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">
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<emphasis id="B89A794B1B2ADA2AFCDBFD5FA0A9FD2D" box="[826,952,685,706]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">Etymology:</emphasis>
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From the Eocene, in reference to the age of the
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<typeStatus id="55551BFB1B2ADA2AFC65FD3EA0A4FD0E" box="[900,949,716,737]" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">type</typeStatus>
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specimen.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8A51A5591B2ADA2AFCDBFD08A691FCC0" blockId="3.[826,1442,762,815]" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">
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<materialsCitation id="3A86AF041B2ADA2AFCDBFD08A691FCC0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3412798301" pageId="3" pageNumber="704" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B89A794B1B2ADA2AFCDBFD08A0B4FCE0" box="[826,933,762,783]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">
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<typeStatus id="55551BFB1B2ADA2AFCDBFD08A08EFCE0" box="[826,927,762,783]" pageId="3" pageNumber="704" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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</emphasis>
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Specimen MeI 8384, deposited in FIS. An incomplete, partly folded, well-preserved forewing.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8A51A5591B2ADA2AFCDBFCB5A0CEFC38" blockId="3.[826,1442,839,983]" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">
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<emphasis id="B89A794B1B2ADA2AFCDBFCB5A775FCB3" box="[826,1124,839,860]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">Type locality and horizon:</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3A86AF041B2ADA2AFB90FCB5A0CDFC38" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3412798302" collectionCode="MP" country="Germany" county="lower Middle Eocene" elevation="8" location="Messel" municipality="Messel Formation" pageId="3" pageNumber="704" specimenCode="MP 11" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hessen">
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<location id="8F31F3821B2ADA2AFB90FCB5A7D1FCB2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0247144F1B2ADA2DFC77FD97A69FF9C2:8F31F3821B2ADA2AFB90FCB5A7D1FCB2" box="[1137,1216,839,861]" country="Germany" county="lower Middle Eocene" municipality="Messel Formation" name="Messel" pageId="3" pageNumber="704" stateProvince="Hessen">Messel</location>
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pit near
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<location id="8F31F3821B2ADA2AFAADFCB5A07AFC94" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0247144F1B2ADA2DFC77FD97A69FF9C2:8F31F3821B2ADA2AFAADFCB5A07AFC94" country="Germany" county="lower Middle Eocene" municipality="Messel Formation" name="Darmstadt" pageId="3" pageNumber="704" stateProvince="Hessen">Darmstadt</location>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="482A6BBB1B2ADA2AFC98FC94A0AEFC94" box="[889,959,870,891]" country="Germany" name="Hessen" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">Hesse</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F2F9E5C91B2ADA2AFC2CFC97A72BFC95" box="[973,1082,869,890]" name="Germany" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">Germany</collectingCountry>
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; grid square E8/9.
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<collectingMunicipality id="6A353F231B2ADA2AFAFAFC97A09DFC75" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">Messel Formation</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="6330DDD51B2ADA2AFC7EFC76A78AFC76" box="[927,1179,900,922]" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">lower Middle Eocene</collectingCounty>
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(lowermost Lutetian,
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<specimenCode id="DA480D221B2ADA2AFCDBFC51A094FC56" box="[826,901,931,953]" collectionCode="MP" country="0" name="Mohonk Preserve, Inc." pageId="3" pageNumber="704">MP 11</specimenCode>
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), from +0.575 to +
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<quantity id="4D1608BC1B2ADA2AFB89FC51A7A4FC57" box="[1128,1205,931,952]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="704" unit="m" value="0.77">
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<elevation id="01C3426A1B2ADA2AFB89FC51A7A4FC57" box="[1128,1205,931,952]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="704" unit="m" value="0.77">0.77 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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above local marker horizon alpha
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8A51A5591B2ADA2AFCDBFC02A646FBEA" blockId="3.[826,1367,1007,1029]" box="[826,1367,1007,1029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">
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<emphasis id="B89A794B1B2ADA2AFCDBFC02A0A0FBEA" box="[826,945,1008,1029]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
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Same as for
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<taxonomicName id="4DEEDEDA1B2ADA2AFBAEFC1DA7FBFBEB" authority="Wedmann & Makarkin, 2007" authorityName="Wedmann & Makarkin" authorityYear="2007" box="[1103,1258,1007,1028]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Symphrasites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="704" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B89A794B1B2ADA2AFBAEFC1DA7FBFBEB" box="[1103,1258,1007,1028]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">Symphrasites</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3A9C4301B2ADA2AFB12FC02A646FBEA" box="[1267,1367,1008,1029]" pageId="3" pageNumber="704" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8A51A5591B2ADA2DFCDBFBECA204F929" blockId="3.[826,1442,1053,1903]" lastBlockId="4.[142,758,1467,1734]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="705" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">
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<emphasis id="B89A794B1B2ADA2AFCDBFBECA0D0FBDC" box="[826,961,1054,1075]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">Description:</emphasis>
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Forewing with rounded apex,
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<emphasis id="B89A794B1B2ADA2AFAF5FBECA60EFBDC" box="[1300,1311,1054,1075]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">c</emphasis>
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.
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<quantity id="4D1608BC1B2ADA2AFACAFBEFA6B3FBDC" box="[1323,1442,1053,1075]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="704" unit="mm" value="14.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="14.0">14–15 mm</quantity>
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long (estimated,
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<quantity id="4D1608BC1B2ADA2AFBF0FBCEA74EFBBE" box="[1041,1119,1084,1105]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="704" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
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preserved),
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<emphasis id="B89A794B1B2ADA2AFAE4FBCFA601FBBD" box="[1285,1296,1085,1106]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">c</emphasis>
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||
.
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<quantity id="4D1608BC1B2ADA2AFAFCFBCEA6B3FBBE" box="[1309,1442,1084,1106]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.65" metricValueMax="5.7" metricValueMin="5.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="704" unit="mm" value="5.65" valueMax="5.7" valueMin="5.6">5.6–5.7 mm</quantity>
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wide (estimated,
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<quantity id="4D1608BC1B2ADA2AFBC2FBA9A769FB9F" box="[1059,1144,1115,1137]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="704" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
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preserved). Trichosors present but indistinct, restricted mainly to apicalmost portion of wing margin (
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<figureCitation id="12D5B9DC1B2ADA2AFBADFB6AA79EFB41" box="[1100,1167,1176,1198]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[162,240,1270,1289]" captionTargetBox="[166,774,841,1238]" captionTargetId="figure-539@5.[166,774,841,1238]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. Apical portion of forewing margin of Symphrasites eocenicus showing trichosors (arrows). Scale bar = 100 µm. Laser scanning photograph." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687562" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687562/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="704">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
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). Costal space narrowed towards wing apex. Subcostal veinlets simple, straight, oblique, and widely spaced. Sc stout, appears atrophied after distal subcostal crossvein (3sc-r), apparently entering wing margin within pterostigma. Pterostigma distinct, pale, strongly haired, situated between R1 and costal margin; incorporated veinlets almost invisible, rows of macrotrichia not distinct. Subcostal space rather narrow, not dilated towards apex; three crossveins detected: two intermediate (2sc-r), closely spaced, situated after origin of Rs, one distal (3sc-r). R1 entering margin slightly before wing apex, with at least eight veinlets distal to pterostigma, all forked. Space between R1 and costal margin distal to pterostigma comparatively broad. Origin of Rs far removed from wing base. R1 space rather narrow, with two rather short crossveins. Rs with 11 branches, all forked (mainly deeply). Single gradate series of crossveins continuing from most distal branch of Rs to CuP, with 14 crossveins. Crossvein 1r-m connects stem of Rs apparently with stem of M slightly proximal to primary fork; crossvein 2r-m present, connects Rs1 and MA. Origin of M not preserved; basalmost parts of MA and MP diverged at angle more than 45°, distal to origin of Rs; MA straight before gradate series, twice forked distally; MP deeply forks slightly distal to crossvein 2m-cu, so MP has two long branches, each of which forked twice distally. Origin, primary forking of Cu not preserved. CuA with comparatively few branches, apparently with three branches. CuP deeply forked once, its branches closely spaced, nearly parallel. Anal area very crumpled. Wing membrane without maculation.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DE91F5D11B2DDA2DFF6FFAA0A21CFA6C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687558" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4687558" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687558/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="705" startId="4.[142,220,1362,1381]" targetBox="[142,1422,196,1329]" targetPageId="4">
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||
<paragraph id="8A51A5591B2DDA2DFF6FFAA0A21CFA6C" blockId="4.[142,1421,1362,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="705">
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||
<emphasis id="B89A794B1B2DDA2DFF6FFAA0A3E7FA8A" bold="true" box="[142,246,1362,1381]" pageId="4" pageNumber="705">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4DEEDEDA1B2DDA2DFEE3FAA0A2EBFA8A" authority="Wedmann & Makarkin, 2007" authorityName="Wedmann & Makarkin" authorityYear="2007" box="[258,506,1362,1381]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" genus="Symphrasites" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="705" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eocenicus" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="B89A794B1B2DDA2DFEE3FAA0A2EBFA8A" box="[258,506,1362,1381]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="705">Symphrasites eocenicus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3A9C4301B2DDA2DFDE2FAA1A1B4FA89" box="[515,677,1363,1382]" pageId="4" pageNumber="705" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, holotype MeI 8384. A, photograph. B, drawing of the forewing. Scale bar = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8A51A5591B2DDA2DFF6FF92CA69FF9C2" blockId="4.[142,758,1758,1903]" lastBlockId="4.[806,1422,1467,1581]" pageId="4" pageNumber="705">
|
||
<emphasis id="B89A794B1B2DDA2DFF6FF92CA3E8F91C" box="[142,249,1758,1779]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="705">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
The two closely spaced intermediate crossveins in the subcostal space (both named here 2sc-r) may present an anomaly caused apparently by the duplication of this crossvein. Such duplications often occur, for example, in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4DEEDEDA1B2DDA2DFE47F8ABA157F880" box="[422,582,1881,1903]" class="Insecta" family="Hemerobiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="705" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Hemerobiidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EE7FD8A81B2DDA2DFD9CF8ABA04EFA3E" author="Makarkin VN" box="[637,863,1467,1903]" pageId="4" pageNumber="705" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref12096" refString="Makarkin VN. 1995. Notes on Palearctic Hemerobiidae (Neuroptera). 1. Introduction and genus Wesmaelius Kruger, 1922. Part 1. Subgenus. Wesmaelius Far Eastern Entomologist 24: 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1995">Makarkin, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but apparently were not reported hitherto in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4DEEDEDA1B2DDA2DFCC7FA28A0A9FA1F" authorityName="LEACH" authorityYear="1815" box="[806,952,1498,1520]" class="Insecta" family="Mantispidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="705" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Mantispidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. On the other hand, this part of the wing is not well preserved, and it is very difficult to discern the more basal vein 2sc-r in the fossil (compare
|
||
<figureCitation id="12D5B9DC1B2DDA2DFAA1F9E5A691F9C2" box="[1344,1408,1559,1581]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[162,240,679,698]" captionTargetBox="[322,1282,197,647]" captionTargetId="figure-513@5.[322,1282,197,647]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Symphrasites eocenicus gen. et sp. nov. Reconstruction of the forewing venation of the holotype FIS MeI 8384. All unassignable veins are omitted in the drawing. C, costa; CuA, anterior cubitus; CuP, posterior cubitus; MA and MP, anterior and posterior branches of media; pt, pterostigma; R, radius; R1, first branch of radius; Rs, radial sector; Sc, subcosta. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4687560" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4687560/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="705">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |