185 lines
16 KiB
XML
185 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594" ID-GBIF-Dataset="adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e" ID-ISBN="978-84-16728-19-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458594" approvalRequired="120" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="95" approvalRequired_for_treatments="25" checkinTime="1600878147105" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier" docDate="2019" docId="03A687BCFFA2FFA213B6FB00FCDBFE3C" docLanguage="en" docName="hbmw_9_Phyllostomidae_444.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona: Lynx Edicions" docTitle="Lophostoma kalkoae Velazco & Gardner 2012" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="503" masterDocId="FF9FFFC4FFB1FFB1133CFFBAFFE0F244" masterDocTitle="Phyllostomidae" masterLastPageNumber="583" masterPageNumber="444" pageNumber="503" updateTime="1656353518553" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Phyllostomidae</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:originInfo>
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<mods:dateIssued>2019</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther type="pubDate">2019-10-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher>Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:place>
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<mods:placeTerm>Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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</mods:originInfo>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>444</mods:start>
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<mods:end>583</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458594</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">adeeb71f-7f8d-4e00-bc9f-35089363f76e</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-84-16728-19-0</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6458594</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6726926" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6726926" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A687BCFFA2FFA213B6FB00FCDBFE3C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A687BCFFA2FFA213B6FB00FCDBFE3C" lastPageNumber="503" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">
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<subSubSection box="[138,195,1210,1260]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" type="multiple">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[136,1160,1210,1301]" box="[138,195,1210,1260]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">
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<heading box="[138,195,1210,1260]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">
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<figureCitation box="[138,195,1210,1260]" captionStart="Plate 36: Phyllostomidae" captionStartId="17.[137,167,3288,3313]" captionTargetBox="[23,2765,17,3655]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="24. Long-legged Bat (Macrophyllum macrophyllum), 25. Fringe-lipped Bat (Trachops cirrhosus), 26. Striped Hairy-nosed Bat (Gardnerycteris crenulatum), 27. Keenan's Hairy-nosed Bat (Gardnerycteris keenani), 28. Koepcke’s Hairy-nosed Bat (Gardnerycteris koepckeae), 29. Kalko’s Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma kalkoae), 30. Pygmy Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma brasiliense), 31. Carriker’s Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma carrikeri), 32. Schulz’s Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma schulzi), 33. Western Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma occidentale), 34. Davis's Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma evotis), 35. White-throated Round-eared Bat (Lophostoma silvicola), 36. Greater Round-eared Bat (Tonatia bidens), 37. Stripe-headed Round-eared Bat (Tonatia saurophila), 38. Pale-faced Bat (Phylloderma stenops), 39. Pale Spear-nosed Bat (Phyllostomus discolor), 40. Lesser Spear-nosed Bat (Phyllostomus elongatus), 41. Greater Spear-nosed Bat (Phyllostomus hastatus), 42. Guianan Spear-nosed Bat (Phyllostomus latifolius), 43. Woolly False Vampire Bat (Chrotopterus auritus), 44. Southern Golden Bat (Mimon bennettii), 45. Cozumelan Golden Bat (Mimon cozumelae), 46. Spectral Bat (Vampyrum spectrum)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458675" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6458675/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">29.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[212,730,1210,1260]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[136,1160,1210,1301]" box="[212,730,1210,1260]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">
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<heading box="[212,730,1210,1260]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">
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<vernacularName box="[212,730,1210,1260]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">Kalko’s Round-eared Bat</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[800,1159,1210,1260]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[136,1160,1210,1301]" box="[800,1159,1210,1260]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">
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<heading box="[800,1159,1210,1260]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">
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<taxonomicName authority="Velazco & Gardner, 2012" authorityName="Velazco & Gardner" authorityYear="2012" box="[800,1159,1210,1260]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Lophostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kalkoae">
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<emphasis box="[800,1159,1210,1260]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">Lophostoma kalkoae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[137,1115,1278,1299]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[136,1160,1210,1301]" box="[137,1115,1278,1299]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">
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<heading box="[137,1115,1278,1299]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[137,213,1278,1299]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[223,439,1278,1299]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">Lophostome de Kalko</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[460,551,1278,1299]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[561,795,1278,1299]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">Kalko-Rundohrblattnase</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,908,1278,1299]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName box="[917,1115,1278,1299]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">Lofostoma de Kalko</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<paragraph blockId="19.[750,1341,1344,1772]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="503" type="reference_group">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[750,906,1344,1377]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Velazco & Gardner, 2012" authorityName="Velazco & Gardner" authorityYear="2012" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Lophostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kalkoae">Lophostoma kalkoae Velazco & Gardner, 2012</taxonomicName>
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,
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<materialsCitation latitude="9.163889" longitude="-79.75278" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">
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“Pipeline Road, ncar the former Limbo Hunt Club (
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<geoCoordinate box="[1203,1333,1428,1457]" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="9" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" precision="15" seconds="50" value="9.163889">9°9’50”N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate box="[752,924,1467,1496]" degrees="79" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" precision="15" seconds="10" value="-79.75278">79°45’10”W</geoCoordinate>
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), Soberania National Park, Colén Province,
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<collectingCountry box="[986,1104,1507,1536]" name="Panama" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">Panama</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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”
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[750,1112,1541,1574]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" type="discussion">This species is monotypic.</subSubSection>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="503" type="distribution">
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6458660" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6458660" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6458660/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" targetBox="[136,726,1354,1769]" targetPageId="19">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[750,1341,1344,1772]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[750,926,1581,1614]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">Distribution.</emphasis>
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Currently known only from type locality in Soberania National Park,
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<collectingCountry box="[750,864,1664,1693]" name="Panama" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">Panama</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="503" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[750,1341,1344,1772]" lastBlockId="19.[133,1344,1778,3192]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[750,992,1699,1732]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Tail 8-9 mm and 8-4 mm, hindfoot 12:
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<quantity box="[925,1007,1743,1772]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
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and 12-5 mm, forearm 45-8 mm and 44-6 mm, greatest length of skull 23-8 mm and 23-2 mm (all measurements from holotype and paratype, respectively). No specific data available for headbody length or body weight. Kalko’s Round-eared Bat is medium-sized and larger than the Pygmy Round-eared Bat (
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<taxonomicName box="[559,727,1896,1929]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Lophostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brasiliense">L. brasiliense</taxonomicName>
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) but smaller than Davis’s Round-eared Bat (
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<taxonomicName box="[149,259,1940,1969]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Lophostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="evotis">L. evotis</taxonomicName>
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), the Western Round-eared Bat (L. occidentale), and the White-throated Roundeared Bat (
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<taxonomicName box="[290,436,1980,2009]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Lophostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="silvicola">L. silvicola</taxonomicName>
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). All measurements overlap with those of Carriker’s Round-eared Bat (L. carrikert) and Schulz’s Round-eared Bat (
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<taxonomicName box="[811,941,2020,2049]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Lophostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schulzi">L. schulzi</taxonomicName>
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). Kalko’s Round-eared Batis easily identified by plain white ventral fur that runs acrossits chest, which is restricted laterally over abdomen by pale brown fur on flanks. Gular fur is dark brown. Post-auricular patches are connected to white fur on chest by thin line of pale fur. Dorsal pelageis long, dark brown, and tricolored, with very short pale to whitish terminal bands. Ventrally, proximal one-third of forearm is covered with long pale hair. Skull is constricted postorbitally, and lateral projection of mastoid region is less developed than in other species of
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<taxonomicName box="[173,323,2291,2324]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Lophostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lophostoma</taxonomicName>
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. Females have an elongated clitoris and swollen labia. Dental formula for species of Lophostomais12/1,C1/1,P2/3,M 3/3 (
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<date box="[848,883,2335,2364]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">x2</date>
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) = 32.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[135,729,2370,2403]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[133,1344,1778,3192]" box="[135,729,2370,2403]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[135,246,2370,2403]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Tropical rainforest (type locality).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="503" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[133,1344,1778,3192]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[135,399,2410,2443]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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Kalko’s Round-eared Bat is a gleaning insectivore. It prefers large insects such as beetles,crickets, cicadas, katydids, and other arthropods. Both live individuals in the type series ate katydids during captivity.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[135,508,2527,2560]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" type="breeding">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[133,1344,1778,3192]" box="[135,508,2527,2560]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[135,269,2527,2560]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">Breeding.</emphasis>
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No information.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="503" type="activity">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[133,1344,1778,3192]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[133,371,2567,2600]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
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Kalko’s Round-eared Bat is nocturnal. As its congeners,it roosts in hollowed hymenopteran nests; both individuals in the type series were collected in an abandoned Azteca ant (
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<taxonomicName box="[529,613,2646,2679]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Azteca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Azteca</taxonomicName>
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sp.) nest, hanging in a tree c.
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<quantity box="[1055,1131,2646,2679]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</quantity>
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aboveground. Observations on its congeners suggest that only single adult males construct the nest cavity. It is thought that behavior, bite performance, and possibly even morphology of all species of
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<taxonomicName box="[318,470,2765,2798]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Lophostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lophostoma</taxonomicName>
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have been shaped as a result of adaptations to excavate roosts. Echolocation calls recorded during captivity showed a typical phyllostomid call, with steep FM, multiharmonic calls and main energy in higher harmonics.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="503" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[133,1344,1778,3192]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[135,848,2883,2916]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
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From records on other species of
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<taxonomicName box="[136,288,2923,2956]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Lophostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lophostoma</taxonomicName>
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, social system of Kalko’s Round-eared Bat probably has a harem structure, based on resource-defense polygyny where males offer roosts as a resource to females. Captured individuals of species of
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<taxonomicName box="[616,768,3001,3034]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Lophostoma" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Lophostoma</taxonomicName>
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, in contrast to those of
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<taxonomicName box="[1097,1194,3001,3034]" class="Mammalia" family="Phyllostomidae" genus="Tonatia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Tonatia</taxonomicName>
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, fold their ears back against their head when handled.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="503" type="conservation">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[133,1344,1778,3192]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[135,468,3080,3113]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
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Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCNRed List. Kalko’s Roundeared Bat was a recently described, and its ecology and natural history are not well known.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[135,827,3167,3192]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503" type="bibRefCitation_list">
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<paragraph blockId="19.[133,1344,1778,3192]" box="[135,827,3167,3192]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[135,289,3167,3192]" pageId="19" pageNumber="503">Bibliography.</emphasis>
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Camacho et al. (2016), Velazco & Gardner (2012).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |