treatments-xml/data/02/5C/D0/025CD000880A9C68FC7F44CAFC2EFD3E.xml

<document id="FBD581C8C765243CFFF76EA168821EF8" ID-CLB-Dataset="6033" ID-DOI="10.11606/1807-0205/2020.60.51" ID-GBIF-Dataset="08f9edc3-720c-44f9-8e94-4488da3399e8" ID-ISSN="1807-0205" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4614038" ID-ZooBank="C598BF30-2A01-467A-B4F1-42032F448100" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1615997262077" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Brandão, Ivison Cordeiro &amp; Brasil, Ana Claudia dos Santos" docDate="2020" docId="025CD000880A9C68FC7F44CAFC2EFD3E" docLanguage="en" docName="PapAvZoo.60.e20206051.pdf" docOrigin="Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 60" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6844D5473582683DD13A9A75B001759F.4:PapAvZool.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="6844D5473582683DD13A9A75B001759F" docStyleName="PapAvZool.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Spirobranchus lirianeae Brandão &amp; Brasil 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="7" masterDocId="FE65A87888089C6EFF9B4630FFDDFF8D" masterDocTitle="On a new species of Spirobranchus Blainville, 1818 (Annelida: Serpulidae) and considerations on the genus along the Brazilian coast" masterLastPageNumber="17" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1698933907454" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-NC-4.0">
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<mods:title id="F798FCCD418E7FD0767737345A21EB1A">On a new species of Spirobranchus Blainville, 1818 (Annelida: Serpulidae) and considerations on the genus along the Brazilian coast</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="73B321AB537E2B6AB77C5173D32CCE3D">Brandão, Ivison Cordeiro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="939E066FC4127E0FCB0DD2D3E870AD31">Brasil, Ana Claudia dos Santos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="CAC6C31DBB70881BB441BFCB4DF55F6E">Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia</mods:title>
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<mods:identifier id="05BF003EE2EBB077846FB5E6F01C38C3" type="DOI">10.11606/1807-0205/2020.60.51</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="025CD000880A9C68FC7F44CAFC2EFD3E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4975227" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182952878" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4975227" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:025CD000880A9C68FC7F44CAFC2EFD3E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/025CD000880A9C68FC7F44CAFC2EFD3E" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<subSubSection id="C2EF329D880A9C6CFC7F44CAFA8BFC9E" box="[996,1366,762,787]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880A9C6CFC7F44CAFA8BFC9E" blockId="2.[996,1366,762,819]" box="[996,1366,762,787]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<heading id="D102D67A880A9C6CFC7F44CAFA8BFC9E" box="[996,1366,762,787]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="5">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880A9C6CFC7F44CAFA8BFC9E" bold="true" box="[996,1366,762,787]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880A9C6CFC7F44CAFB2AFC9E" ID-CoL="85S2C" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" box="[996,1271,762,787]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880A9C6CFC7F44CAFB2AFC9E" bold="true" box="[996,1271,762,787]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Spirobranchus lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880A9C6CFB6744CAFA8BFC9E" box="[1276,1366,762,787]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C2EF329D880A9C6CFBCD452AFB39FCBE" box="[1110,1252,794,819]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880A9C6CFBCD452AFB39FCBE" blockId="2.[996,1366,762,819]" box="[1110,1252,794,819]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880A9C6CFBCD452AFB39FCBE" bold="true" box="[1110,1252,794,819]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
(
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880A9C6CFBC6452AFB1EFCBE" box="[1117,1219,794,819]" captionStart-0="Figure 2" captionStart-1="Figure 3" captionStart-2="Figure 4" captionStartId-0="3.[95,154,1978,2003]" captionStartId-1="4.[170,229,1978,2003]" captionStartId-2="5.[94,153,2042,2067]" captionTargetBox-0="[94,1417,1003,1948]" captionTargetBox-1="[170,1493,1117,1948]" captionTargetBox-2="[94,1417,746,2012]" captionTargetId-0="figure-364@3.[94,1417,1003,1948]" captionTargetId-1="figure-477@4.[170,1493,1117,1948]" captionTargetId-2="figure-291@5.[94,1417,746,2012]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionText-0="Figure 2. Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.(A-C) Holotype (MNRJP-002774); (D-E, H) Paratype (MNRJP-002775); (F-G) Paratype (MNRJP 002777). (A) entire worm, ventral view,(B) dorsal view,(C) anterior end of tube,with exposed operculum,collar lobes and crown,(D) bases of radioles,withpaired compound ocellar clusters, (E) detail of a ocellar cluster, (F) operculum, dorsal view, (G) operculum clarified with glycerin, exposing talon, (H) internal crown, with folded mid-ventral lobe and dorsal lip. Scale bars = 1 mm (A,B, C), 0,2 mm (D, F, G), 50 µm (H), 3 µm (E). A = abdomen;a = apron;c = collar;dl = dorsal lip; ml = mid-ventral lobe;o = operculum;p = peduncle;RC = radiolar crown;t = talon;T = thorax;w = wings.Arrows pointing compoundocellar clusters." captionText-1="Figure 3. Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.(A, C,D) (righhand image),Paratype (MNRJP-002775);(B,D) (left hand image),(E-G) Holotype (MNRJP-002774).(A) anterior end,superior view,(B) thorax,lateral view,(C) anterior end, dorsal view,showing collar dorso-lateral lobes (D) anterior end, through beginning of abdomen, ventral view, stained with methylene blue, (E) anterior abdominal chaetigers, lateral view, (F) posterior end, ventro-lateral view, (G) posterior end, ventral view, stained with methyleneblue.Scale bars =0,2 mm(A,B,C,D,E,F,G).a= apron;dl =dorso-lateral lobe;ml= mid-ventrallobe;o = operculum;t =tonguelet;tm = thoracic membrane;w = wing.Arrows pointing glandular regions." captionText-2="Figure 4. SEM images of Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.Paratype (MNRJP-002776).(A) entire worm,lateral view,(B)crown and operculum,ventral view,(C) detail of operculum, (D) thoracic limbate notochaetae, (E) thoracic uncini, (F) abdominal uncini, (G) abdominal neurochaetae. Scale bars = 500 µm (A), 200 µm (B, C), 20µm (D),10 µm (E), 5 µm (F, G).t = tonguelet;w = wing." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614042" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614044" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614046" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4614042/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4614044/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4614046/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs. 2-4</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880A9C6CFB56452AFB01FCBE" box="[1229,1244,794,819]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="12.[170,229,1946,1971]" captionTargetBox="[170,1493,1349,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-82@12.[170,1493,1349,1916]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 9. Tonguelets among members of Spirobranchus spp. (A, B) S. lirianeae sp. nov.: (A) Paratype (MNRJP-002775) peduncle and dorso-lateral collar lobes dissected, (B) Paratype (MNRJP-002777) detail of the bilobed tonguelet; (C, D) S. giganteus (MNRJP-002779): (C) dorsal view, (D) dorsal view with dorsal outer lobe folded backwards, exposing inner lobe; (E, F) S.minutus (MNRJP-002783): (E) lateral view, (F) detail of tonguelet, dorsal view, stained with Shirlastain,with dorso-lateral collar lobedissected;(G,H)S.tetraceros (MNRJP-002789):(G) lateral view,(H) detail of lateral view stained with methylene blue,outerlobe over inner lobe. Scale bars = 300 µm (G), 200 µm (A, C, D, H), 150 µm (B), 100 µm (E), 50 µm (F). dol = dorsal outer tonguelet lobe; dl = dorsolateral colar lobe; il = inner tonguelet lobe;ol = outer tonguelet lobe;p = peduncle;vol = ventral outer tonguelet lobe." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614057" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614057/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">9</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C2EF329D880A9C6CFCFE456AFB68FB1E" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880A9C6CFCFE456AFB68FB1E" blockId="2.[869,1494,858,1171]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880A9C6CFCFE456AFB83FCFE" bold="true" box="[869,1118,858,883]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Examined material:</emphasis>
Rio de Janeiro state, 
<collectingCountry id="F2E22186880A9C6CFA37456AFA08FCFE" box="[1452,1493,858,883]" name="Iceland" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Ilha</collectingCountry>
Grande Bay, Angra dos Reis Municipality: Machado Beach: 
<geoCoordinate id="EFC107D1880A9C6CFC4745AAFBAAFC3E" box="[988,1143,921,947]" degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="1" seconds="11.21" value="-23.003115">23°00′11.21″S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EFC107D1880A9C6CFB3C45AAFA96FC3E" box="[1191,1355,921,947]" degrees="44" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="1" seconds="24.82" value="-44.256893">44°15′24.82″W</geoCoordinate>
, intertidal, MNRJP-002777 (
<specimenCount id="9CF3AA9F880A9C6CFBCF458AFB3CFC5E" box="[1108,1249,954,979]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
). Cataguases Island: 
<geoCoordinate id="EFC107D1880A9C6CFCFE45EAFBDCFC7E" box="[869,1025,985,1011]" degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="1" seconds="28.57" value="-23.024603">23°01′28.57″S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EFC107D1880A9C6CFB9145EAFB73FC7E" box="[1034,1198,985,1011]" degrees="44" direction="west" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" precision="1" seconds="06.52" value="-44.285145">44°17′06.52″W</geoCoordinate>
, intertidal, MNRJP-002774, MNRJP-002775, MNRJP-002776 (
<specimenCount id="9CF3AA9F880A9C6CFB4345CAFAA4FB9E" box="[1240,1401,1018,1043]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
, including 
<typeStatus id="554EDFB4880A9C6CFC08422AFC26FBBE" box="[915,1019,1050,1075]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
). 
<emphasis id="B881BD04880A9C6CFB94422AFB59FBBE" bold="true" box="[1039,1156,1050,1075]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<typeStatus id="554EDFB4880A9C6CFB94422AFB5DFBBE" box="[1039,1152,1050,1075]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
MNRJP-002774 – Cataguases Island, preserved entire, with tube, 
<date id="FE4B47D6880A9C6CFA9D420AFA7DFBDE" box="[1286,1440,1082,1107]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" value="2019-05-16">16 May 2019</date>
, under rocks. 
<emphasis id="B881BD04880A9C6CFC7F426AFBBCFBFE" bold="true" box="[996,1121,1114,1139]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<typeStatus id="554EDFB4880A9C6CFC7F426AFB80FBFE" box="[996,1117,1114,1139]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
MNRJP-002775, MNRJP-002776, MNRJP-002777, 
<specimenCount id="9CF3AA9F880A9C6CFB83424AFB6FFB1E" box="[1048,1202,1146,1171]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="generic">10 specimens</specimenCount>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C2EF329D880A9C6CFCFE428AFB74FAFE" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880A9C6CFCFE428AFB74FAFE" blockId="2.[869,1494,1210,1395]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880A9C6CFCFE428AFC3CFB5E" bold="true" box="[869,993,1210,1235]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Tubes solitary with one longitudinal pointed keel and transverse ridges. Operculum and calcareous endplate funnel-shaped, without thorns or spines. Paired reddish ocellar clusters along aboral face of radioles. Collar chaetae absent.Tonguelets bilobed, one lobe bearing finger-like processes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C2EF329D880A9C6AFCFE43AAFCD5FC9E" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880A9C6CFCFE43AAFC32FA3E" blockId="2.[869,1007,1434,1459]" box="[869,1007,1434,1459]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880A9C6CFCFE43AAFC32FA3E" bold="true" box="[869,1007,1434,1459]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880A9C6CFCFE43EAFA99F9FE" blockId="2.[869,1493,1498,1651]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880A9C6CFCFE43EAFC79FA7E" bold="true" box="[869,932,1498,1523]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Tube:</emphasis>
Opaque, white purplish or blueish, internally blueish. Triangular in cross-section, lumen circular. One longitudinal keel along the tube, extending over the opening forming a pointed tip. Transversal ridges present on tube surface (
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880A9C6CFBD2406AFB45F9FE" box="[1097,1176,1626,1651]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[95,154,1978,2003]" captionTargetBox="[94,1417,1003,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-364@3.[94,1417,1003,1948]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.(A-C) Holotype (MNRJP-002774); (D-E, H) Paratype (MNRJP-002775); (F-G) Paratype (MNRJP 002777). (A) entire worm, ventral view,(B) dorsal view,(C) anterior end of tube,with exposed operculum,collar lobes and crown,(D) bases of radioles,withpaired compound ocellar clusters, (E) detail of a ocellar cluster, (F) operculum, dorsal view, (G) operculum clarified with glycerin, exposing talon, (H) internal crown, with folded mid-ventral lobe and dorsal lip. Scale bars = 1 mm (A,B, C), 0,2 mm (D, F, G), 50 µm (H), 3 µm (E). A = abdomen;a = apron;c = collar;dl = dorsal lip; ml = mid-ventral lobe;o = operculum;p = peduncle;RC = radiolar crown;t = talon;T = thorax;w = wings.Arrows pointing compoundocellar clusters." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614042/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
). Tubes solitary.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880A9C6CFCFE40AAFB78F7DE" blockId="2.[868,1495,1690,2131]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880A9C6CFCFE40AAFBC0F93E" bold="true" box="[869,1053,1690,1715]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Radiolar Crown:</emphasis>
Live and preserved specimens with dark brown base of crown, then alternating bands of white, iridescent pigmentation and light brown pigmentation, in a “zebra-like” pattern (
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880A9C6CFBE740CAFB10F89E" box="[1148,1229,1786,1811]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[95,154,1978,2003]" captionTargetBox="[94,1417,1003,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-364@3.[94,1417,1003,1948]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.(A-C) Holotype (MNRJP-002774); (D-E, H) Paratype (MNRJP-002775); (F-G) Paratype (MNRJP 002777). (A) entire worm, ventral view,(B) dorsal view,(C) anterior end of tube,with exposed operculum,collar lobes and crown,(D) bases of radioles,withpaired compound ocellar clusters, (E) detail of a ocellar cluster, (F) operculum, dorsal view, (G) operculum clarified with glycerin, exposing talon, (H) internal crown, with folded mid-ventral lobe and dorsal lip. Scale bars = 1 mm (A,B, C), 0,2 mm (D, F, G), 50 µm (H), 3 µm (E). A = abdomen;a = apron;c = collar;dl = dorsal lip; ml = mid-ventral lobe;o = operculum;p = peduncle;RC = radiolar crown;t = talon;T = thorax;w = wings.Arrows pointing compoundocellar clusters." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614042/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
). Coloration faded after preservation. Crown composed of two lobes arranged in a complete circle, each with around 15 radioles, basally joined by inter-radiolar membrane for one third of their length, dorsally hidden by collar lobes and operculum (
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880A9C6CFCF741AAFC67F83E" box="[876,954,1946,1971]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[95,154,1978,2003]" captionTargetBox="[94,1417,1003,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-364@3.[94,1417,1003,1948]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.(A-C) Holotype (MNRJP-002774); (D-E, H) Paratype (MNRJP-002775); (F-G) Paratype (MNRJP 002777). (A) entire worm, ventral view,(B) dorsal view,(C) anterior end of tube,with exposed operculum,collar lobes and crown,(D) bases of radioles,withpaired compound ocellar clusters, (E) detail of a ocellar cluster, (F) operculum, dorsal view, (G) operculum clarified with glycerin, exposing talon, (H) internal crown, with folded mid-ventral lobe and dorsal lip. Scale bars = 1 mm (A,B, C), 0,2 mm (D, F, G), 50 µm (H), 3 µm (E). A = abdomen;a = apron;c = collar;dl = dorsal lip; ml = mid-ventral lobe;o = operculum;p = peduncle;RC = radiolar crown;t = talon;T = thorax;w = wings.Arrows pointing compoundocellar clusters." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614042/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
). Radioles rectangular in cross-section, the inner side with two rows of filiform pinnules, distally shorter, with naked tips.Tips filiform and about same size as distal pinnules. Dorsal radioles longer than ventral ones. Paired red spots present, 3 to 6 pairs per radiole (
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880A9C6CFADD4E2AFA16F7BE" box="[1350,1483,2074,2099]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[95,154,1978,2003]" captionTargetBox="[94,1417,1003,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-364@3.[94,1417,1003,1948]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.(A-C) Holotype (MNRJP-002774); (D-E, H) Paratype (MNRJP-002775); (F-G) Paratype (MNRJP 002777). (A) entire worm, ventral view,(B) dorsal view,(C) anterior end of tube,with exposed operculum,collar lobes and crown,(D) bases of radioles,withpaired compound ocellar clusters, (E) detail of a ocellar cluster, (F) operculum, dorsal view, (G) operculum clarified with glycerin, exposing talon, (H) internal crown, with folded mid-ventral lobe and dorsal lip. Scale bars = 1 mm (A,B, C), 0,2 mm (D, F, G), 50 µm (H), 3 µm (E). A = abdomen;a = apron;c = collar;dl = dorsal lip; ml = mid-ventral lobe;o = operculum;p = peduncle;RC = radiolar crown;t = talon;T = thorax;w = wings.Arrows pointing compoundocellar clusters." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614042/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs. 2D, 2E</figureCitation>
), with ocellar clusters (
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880A9C6CFBD44E0AFB46F7DE" box="[1103,1179,2106,2131]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[95,154,1978,2003]" captionTargetBox="[94,1417,1003,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-364@3.[94,1417,1003,1948]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.(A-C) Holotype (MNRJP-002774); (D-E, H) Paratype (MNRJP-002775); (F-G) Paratype (MNRJP 002777). (A) entire worm, ventral view,(B) dorsal view,(C) anterior end of tube,with exposed operculum,collar lobes and crown,(D) bases of radioles,withpaired compound ocellar clusters, (E) detail of a ocellar cluster, (F) operculum, dorsal view, (G) operculum clarified with glycerin, exposing talon, (H) internal crown, with folded mid-ventral lobe and dorsal lip. Scale bars = 1 mm (A,B, C), 0,2 mm (D, F, G), 50 µm (H), 3 µm (E). A = abdomen;a = apron;c = collar;dl = dorsal lip; ml = mid-ventral lobe;o = operculum;p = peduncle;RC = radiolar crown;t = talon;T = thorax;w = wings.Arrows pointing compoundocellar clusters." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614042/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Fig. 2E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880B9C6DFFC546EAFE68FEFE" blockId="3.[93,719,218,371]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880B9C6DFFC546EAFF2EFF7E" bold="true" box="[94,243,218,243]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Mouth Parts:</emphasis>
Two thin, smooth lips. Dorsal lips with median notch and forming a pair of lateral filiform palps, often colored in brown, about as long as proximal pinnules. Ventral lips rectangular, as semicircular lap along inner sides of bases of radiolar lobes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880B9C6DFFC547AAFDBCFDDE" blockId="3.[94,720,410,595]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880B9C6DFFC547AAFF12FE3E" bold="true" box="[94,207,410,435]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Peduncle:</emphasis>
Smooth, triangular in cross-section, inserted slightly left to mid-dorsal line. Pair of smooth lateral wings, triangular with rounded tip, not reaching tip of operculum. “zebra-like” coloration pattern present, extending into the lateral wings (
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880B9C6DFE28442AFDEBFDBE" box="[435,566,538,563]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[95,154,1978,2003]" captionTargetBox="[94,1417,1003,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-364@3.[94,1417,1003,1948]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.(A-C) Holotype (MNRJP-002774); (D-E, H) Paratype (MNRJP-002775); (F-G) Paratype (MNRJP 002777). (A) entire worm, ventral view,(B) dorsal view,(C) anterior end of tube,with exposed operculum,collar lobes and crown,(D) bases of radioles,withpaired compound ocellar clusters, (E) detail of a ocellar cluster, (F) operculum, dorsal view, (G) operculum clarified with glycerin, exposing talon, (H) internal crown, with folded mid-ventral lobe and dorsal lip. Scale bars = 1 mm (A,B, C), 0,2 mm (D, F, G), 50 µm (H), 3 µm (E). A = abdomen;a = apron;c = collar;dl = dorsal lip; ml = mid-ventral lobe;o = operculum;p = peduncle;RC = radiolar crown;t = talon;T = thorax;w = wings.Arrows pointing compoundocellar clusters." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614042/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 2B, 2G</figureCitation>
). Constriction between peduncle and opercular base absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880B9C6DFFC5444AFD85FCBE" blockId="3.[92,720,634,819]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880B9C6DFFC5444AFF38FD1E" bold="true" box="[94,229,634,659]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Operculum:</emphasis>
Continuous with the peduncle (
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880B9C6DFDF6444AFD18FD1E" box="[621,709,634,659]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[95,154,1978,2003]" captionTargetBox="[94,1417,1003,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-364@3.[94,1417,1003,1948]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.(A-C) Holotype (MNRJP-002774); (D-E, H) Paratype (MNRJP-002775); (F-G) Paratype (MNRJP 002777). (A) entire worm, ventral view,(B) dorsal view,(C) anterior end of tube,with exposed operculum,collar lobes and crown,(D) bases of radioles,withpaired compound ocellar clusters, (E) detail of a ocellar cluster, (F) operculum, dorsal view, (G) operculum clarified with glycerin, exposing talon, (H) internal crown, with folded mid-ventral lobe and dorsal lip. Scale bars = 1 mm (A,B, C), 0,2 mm (D, F, G), 50 µm (H), 3 µm (E). A = abdomen;a = apron;c = collar;dl = dorsal lip; ml = mid-ventral lobe;o = operculum;p = peduncle;RC = radiolar crown;t = talon;T = thorax;w = wings.Arrows pointing compoundocellar clusters." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614042/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
). Opercular ampulla funnel-shaped, with calcareous opercular endplate, deeply concave, without ornamentation, white, circular in top view (
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880B9C6DFE1E44EAFDF7FD7E" box="[389,554,730,755]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[95,154,1978,2003]" captionTargetBox="[94,1417,1003,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-364@3.[94,1417,1003,1948]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.(A-C) Holotype (MNRJP-002774); (D-E, H) Paratype (MNRJP-002775); (F-G) Paratype (MNRJP 002777). (A) entire worm, ventral view,(B) dorsal view,(C) anterior end of tube,with exposed operculum,collar lobes and crown,(D) bases of radioles,withpaired compound ocellar clusters, (E) detail of a ocellar cluster, (F) operculum, dorsal view, (G) operculum clarified with glycerin, exposing talon, (H) internal crown, with folded mid-ventral lobe and dorsal lip. Scale bars = 1 mm (A,B, C), 0,2 mm (D, F, G), 50 µm (H), 3 µm (E). A = abdomen;a = apron;c = collar;dl = dorsal lip; ml = mid-ventral lobe;o = operculum;p = peduncle;RC = radiolar crown;t = talon;T = thorax;w = wings.Arrows pointing compoundocellar clusters." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614042/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 2A, 2F, 2G</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880B9C6DFDA844EAFDA0FD7E" box="[563,637,730,755]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[170,229,1978,2003]" captionTargetBox="[170,1493,1117,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-477@4.[170,1493,1117,1948]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.(A, C,D) (righhand image),Paratype (MNRJP-002775);(B,D) (left hand image),(E-G) Holotype (MNRJP-002774).(A) anterior end,superior view,(B) thorax,lateral view,(C) anterior end, dorsal view,showing collar dorso-lateral lobes (D) anterior end, through beginning of abdomen, ventral view, stained with methylene blue, (E) anterior abdominal chaetigers, lateral view, (F) posterior end, ventro-lateral view, (G) posterior end, ventral view, stained with methyleneblue.Scale bars =0,2 mm(A,B,C,D,E,F,G).a= apron;dl =dorso-lateral lobe;ml= mid-ventrallobe;o = operculum;t =tonguelet;tm = thoracic membrane;w = wing.Arrows pointing glandular regions." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614044" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614044/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">3A, 3D</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880B9C6DFD1E44EAFFA2FC9E" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[94,153,2042,2067]" captionTargetBox="[94,1417,746,2012]" captionTargetId="figure-291@5.[94,1417,746,2012]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. SEM images of Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.Paratype (MNRJP-002776).(A) entire worm,lateral view,(B)crown and operculum,ventral view,(C) detail of operculum, (D) thoracic limbate notochaetae, (E) thoracic uncini, (F) abdominal uncini, (G) abdominal neurochaetae. Scale bars = 500 µm (A), 200 µm (B, C), 20µm (D),10 µm (E), 5 µm (F, G).t = tonguelet;w = wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614046/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">4A, 4B, 4C</figureCitation>
).Talon embedded in opercular ampulla,basally ending in five rounded teeth, unequal in size (
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880B9C6DFE64452AFD93FCBE" box="[511,590,794,819]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[95,154,1978,2003]" captionTargetBox="[94,1417,1003,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-364@3.[94,1417,1003,1948]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.(A-C) Holotype (MNRJP-002774); (D-E, H) Paratype (MNRJP-002775); (F-G) Paratype (MNRJP 002777). (A) entire worm, ventral view,(B) dorsal view,(C) anterior end of tube,with exposed operculum,collar lobes and crown,(D) bases of radioles,withpaired compound ocellar clusters, (E) detail of a ocellar cluster, (F) operculum, dorsal view, (G) operculum clarified with glycerin, exposing talon, (H) internal crown, with folded mid-ventral lobe and dorsal lip. Scale bars = 1 mm (A,B, C), 0,2 mm (D, F, G), 50 µm (H), 3 µm (E). A = abdomen;a = apron;c = collar;dl = dorsal lip; ml = mid-ventral lobe;o = operculum;p = peduncle;RC = radiolar crown;t = talon;T = thorax;w = wings.Arrows pointing compoundocellar clusters." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614042/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880B9C6DFFC5456AFC04FD9E" blockId="3.[94,719,858,979]" lastBlockId="3.[793,1420,218,531]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880B9C6DFFC5456AFE33FCFE" bold="true" box="[94,494,858,883]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Collar and Thoracic Membranes:</emphasis>
High, three-lobed collar extending to margin of inter-radiolar membrane. Dorso-lateral lobes long, circular with entire edges, reaching near distal region of crown; continuous with thoracic membranes, forming ventral apron covering 1 to 2 abdominal chaetigers. Mid-ventral lobe reniform, laterally as long as dorsolateral lobes, shorter medially, often folded, inserted between crown lobes (
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880B9C6DFA9C470AFAA2FEDE" box="[1287,1407,314,339]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="3.[95,154,1978,2003]" captionTargetBox="[94,1417,1003,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-364@3.[94,1417,1003,1948]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 2. Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.(A-C) Holotype (MNRJP-002774); (D-E, H) Paratype (MNRJP-002775); (F-G) Paratype (MNRJP 002777). (A) entire worm, ventral view,(B) dorsal view,(C) anterior end of tube,with exposed operculum,collar lobes and crown,(D) bases of radioles,withpaired compound ocellar clusters, (E) detail of a ocellar cluster, (F) operculum, dorsal view, (G) operculum clarified with glycerin, exposing talon, (H) internal crown, with folded mid-ventral lobe and dorsal lip. Scale bars = 1 mm (A,B, C), 0,2 mm (D, F, G), 50 µm (H), 3 µm (E). A = abdomen;a = apron;c = collar;dl = dorsal lip; ml = mid-ventral lobe;o = operculum;p = peduncle;RC = radiolar crown;t = talon;T = thorax;w = wings.Arrows pointing compoundocellar clusters." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614042/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 2A, 2H</figureCitation>
). Tonguelets present between lateral and ventral lobes; bilobed, outer lobe and inner lobe leaf-shaped, the former twice as long, with fringed rim (
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880B9C6DFB1847AAFB20FE3E" box="[1155,1277,410,435]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="12.[170,229,1946,1971]" captionTargetBox="[170,1493,1349,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-82@12.[170,1493,1349,1916]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 9. Tonguelets among members of Spirobranchus spp. (A, B) S. lirianeae sp. nov.: (A) Paratype (MNRJP-002775) peduncle and dorso-lateral collar lobes dissected, (B) Paratype (MNRJP-002777) detail of the bilobed tonguelet; (C, D) S. giganteus (MNRJP-002779): (C) dorsal view, (D) dorsal view with dorsal outer lobe folded backwards, exposing inner lobe; (E, F) S.minutus (MNRJP-002783): (E) lateral view, (F) detail of tonguelet, dorsal view, stained with Shirlastain,with dorso-lateral collar lobedissected;(G,H)S.tetraceros (MNRJP-002789):(G) lateral view,(H) detail of lateral view stained with methylene blue,outerlobe over inner lobe. Scale bars = 300 µm (G), 200 µm (A, C, D, H), 150 µm (B), 100 µm (E), 50 µm (F). dol = dorsal outer tonguelet lobe; dl = dorsolateral colar lobe; il = inner tonguelet lobe;ol = outer tonguelet lobe;p = peduncle;vol = ventral outer tonguelet lobe." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614057" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614057/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 9A, 9B</figureCitation>
). Collar light brown or darker, purplish brown, extending through entire thorax, iridescent inclusions present in median-ventral lobe (
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880B9C6DFC1A47CAFC13FD9E" box="[897,974,506,531]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[170,229,1978,2003]" captionTargetBox="[170,1493,1117,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-477@4.[170,1493,1117,1948]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.(A, C,D) (righhand image),Paratype (MNRJP-002775);(B,D) (left hand image),(E-G) Holotype (MNRJP-002774).(A) anterior end,superior view,(B) thorax,lateral view,(C) anterior end, dorsal view,showing collar dorso-lateral lobes (D) anterior end, through beginning of abdomen, ventral view, stained with methylene blue, (E) anterior abdominal chaetigers, lateral view, (F) posterior end, ventro-lateral view, (G) posterior end, ventral view, stained with methyleneblue.Scale bars =0,2 mm(A,B,C,D,E,F,G).a= apron;dl =dorso-lateral lobe;ml= mid-ventrallobe;o = operculum;t =tonguelet;tm = thoracic membrane;w = wing.Arrows pointing glandular regions." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614044" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614044/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880B9C6AFC81440AFDE1FE9E" blockId="3.[791,1420,570,979]" lastBlockId="4.[170,794,218,275]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880B9C6DFC81440AFCAFFDDE" bold="true" box="[794,882,570,595]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Thorax:</emphasis>
Six chaetigers. Collar chaetae absent in adults (
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880B9C6DFCBB446AFCACFDFE" box="[800,881,602,627]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[170,229,1978,2003]" captionTargetBox="[170,1493,1117,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-477@4.[170,1493,1117,1948]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.(A, C,D) (righhand image),Paratype (MNRJP-002775);(B,D) (left hand image),(E-G) Holotype (MNRJP-002774).(A) anterior end,superior view,(B) thorax,lateral view,(C) anterior end, dorsal view,showing collar dorso-lateral lobes (D) anterior end, through beginning of abdomen, ventral view, stained with methylene blue, (E) anterior abdominal chaetigers, lateral view, (F) posterior end, ventro-lateral view, (G) posterior end, ventral view, stained with methyleneblue.Scale bars =0,2 mm(A,B,C,D,E,F,G).a= apron;dl =dorso-lateral lobe;ml= mid-ventrallobe;o = operculum;t =tonguelet;tm = thoracic membrane;w = wing.Arrows pointing glandular regions." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614044" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614044/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
), juveniles not observed. Notopodial lobes conical, emerging between thoracic membranes and neuropodia. Thoracic chetae limbate, in two fascicles of different lengths per notopodium (
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880B9C6DFB0F448AFB34FD5E" box="[1172,1257,698,723]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[94,153,2042,2067]" captionTargetBox="[94,1417,746,2012]" captionTargetId="figure-291@5.[94,1417,746,2012]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. SEM images of Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.Paratype (MNRJP-002776).(A) entire worm,lateral view,(B)crown and operculum,ventral view,(C) detail of operculum, (D) thoracic limbate notochaetae, (E) thoracic uncini, (F) abdominal uncini, (G) abdominal neurochaetae. Scale bars = 500 µm (A), 200 µm (B, C), 20µm (D),10 µm (E), 5 µm (F, G).t = tonguelet;w = wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614046/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
). Neuropodial lobes rectangular, overlapping subsequent neuropodia, all bearing straight tori of similar size along the thorax. Thoracic uncini saw-shaped, with 9-10 curved teeth, plus the anterior-most peg,flat,spatulated(
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880B9C6DFB26450AFADBFCDE" box="[1213,1286,826,851]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[94,153,2042,2067]" captionTargetBox="[94,1417,746,2012]" captionTargetId="figure-291@5.[94,1417,746,2012]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. SEM images of Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.Paratype (MNRJP-002776).(A) entire worm,lateral view,(B)crown and operculum,ventral view,(C) detail of operculum, (D) thoracic limbate notochaetae, (E) thoracic uncini, (F) abdominal uncini, (G) abdominal neurochaetae. Scale bars = 500 µm (A), 200 µm (B, C), 20µm (D),10 µm (E), 5 µm (F, G).t = tonguelet;w = wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614046/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig.4E</figureCitation>
).Parapodial lobes approaching each other posteriorly, forming a ventral triangular depression. Glandular clusters covering the ventral portion of mid-ventral collar lobe, as a rectangle; glandular rectangles also present basally to thoracic neuropodial tori and in ventral depression, as 3 to 4 pairs of ventral glandular shields (
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880C9C6AFE7946CAFDECFE9E" box="[482,561,250,275]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[170,229,1978,2003]" captionTargetBox="[170,1493,1117,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-477@4.[170,1493,1117,1948]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.(A, C,D) (righhand image),Paratype (MNRJP-002775);(B,D) (left hand image),(E-G) Holotype (MNRJP-002774).(A) anterior end,superior view,(B) thorax,lateral view,(C) anterior end, dorsal view,showing collar dorso-lateral lobes (D) anterior end, through beginning of abdomen, ventral view, stained with methylene blue, (E) anterior abdominal chaetigers, lateral view, (F) posterior end, ventro-lateral view, (G) posterior end, ventral view, stained with methyleneblue.Scale bars =0,2 mm(A,B,C,D,E,F,G).a= apron;dl =dorso-lateral lobe;ml= mid-ventrallobe;o = operculum;t =tonguelet;tm = thoracic membrane;w = wing.Arrows pointing glandular regions." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614044" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614044/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DE8A319E880B9C6DFFC4418AFB84F7DE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614042" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4614042" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614042/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[95,154,1978,2003]" targetBox="[94,1417,1003,1948]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880B9C6DFFC4418AFB84F7DE" blockId="3.[94,1419,1978,2131]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Figure 2. 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880B9C6DFF2E418AFEADF85E" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" box="[181,368,1978,2003]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880B9C6DFF2E418AFEADF85E" bold="true" box="[181,368,1978,2003]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Spirobranchus lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880B9C6DFEEE418AFE69F85E" box="[373,436,1978,2003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(A-C) Holotype (MNRJP-002774); (D-E, H) Paratype (MNRJP-002775); (F-G) Paratype (MNRJP 002777). (A) entire worm, ventral view,(B) dorsal view,(C) anterior end of tube,with exposed operculum,collar lobes and crown,(D) bases of radioles,with paired compound ocellar clusters, (E) detail of a ocellar cluster, (F) operculum, dorsal view, (G) operculum clarified with glycerin, exposing talon, (H) internal crown, with folded mid-ventral lobe and dorsal lip. Scale bars = 1 mm (A,B, C), 0,2 mm (D, F, G), 50 µm (H), 3 µm (E). A = abdomen;a = apron;c = collar;dl = dorsal lip; ml = mid-ventral lobe;o = operculum;p = peduncle;RC = radiolar crown;t = talon;T = thorax;w = wings.Arrows pointing compound ocellar clusters.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880C9C6AFF31470AFCD5FC9E" blockId="4.[169,795,314,787]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFF31470AFEFCFEDE" bold="true" box="[170,289,314,339]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Abdomen:</emphasis>
Largest analyzed specimen with 46 abdominal segments, at least the first one achaetous. Abdomen usually three times longer than thorax, with larger anterior chaetigers (
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880C9C6AFEDF47AAFE53FE3E" box="[324,398,410,435]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[170,229,1978,2003]" captionTargetBox="[170,1493,1117,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-477@4.[170,1493,1117,1948]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.(A, C,D) (righhand image),Paratype (MNRJP-002775);(B,D) (left hand image),(E-G) Holotype (MNRJP-002774).(A) anterior end,superior view,(B) thorax,lateral view,(C) anterior end, dorsal view,showing collar dorso-lateral lobes (D) anterior end, through beginning of abdomen, ventral view, stained with methylene blue, (E) anterior abdominal chaetigers, lateral view, (F) posterior end, ventro-lateral view, (G) posterior end, ventral view, stained with methyleneblue.Scale bars =0,2 mm(A,B,C,D,E,F,G).a= apron;dl =dorso-lateral lobe;ml= mid-ventrallobe;o = operculum;t =tonguelet;tm = thoracic membrane;w = wing.Arrows pointing glandular regions." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614044" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614044/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
),the final third with densely packed, much shorter chaetigers (
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880C9C6AFE46478AFDEDFE5E" box="[477,560,442,467]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[170,229,1978,2003]" captionTargetBox="[170,1493,1117,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-477@4.[170,1493,1117,1948]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.(A, C,D) (righhand image),Paratype (MNRJP-002775);(B,D) (left hand image),(E-G) Holotype (MNRJP-002774).(A) anterior end,superior view,(B) thorax,lateral view,(C) anterior end, dorsal view,showing collar dorso-lateral lobes (D) anterior end, through beginning of abdomen, ventral view, stained with methylene blue, (E) anterior abdominal chaetigers, lateral view, (F) posterior end, ventro-lateral view, (G) posterior end, ventral view, stained with methyleneblue.Scale bars =0,2 mm(A,B,C,D,E,F,G).a= apron;dl =dorso-lateral lobe;ml= mid-ventrallobe;o = operculum;t =tonguelet;tm = thoracic membrane;w = wing.Arrows pointing glandular regions." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614044" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614044/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
). Notopodial uncini smaller than thoracic ones, saw-shaped,with 10-13 teeth plus gouged anterior peg (
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880C9C6AFE4F47CAFDFDFD9E" box="[468,544,506,531]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[94,153,2042,2067]" captionTargetBox="[94,1417,746,2012]" captionTargetId="figure-291@5.[94,1417,746,2012]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. SEM images of Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.Paratype (MNRJP-002776).(A) entire worm,lateral view,(B)crown and operculum,ventral view,(C) detail of operculum, (D) thoracic limbate notochaetae, (E) thoracic uncini, (F) abdominal uncini, (G) abdominal neurochaetae. Scale bars = 500 µm (A), 200 µm (B, C), 20µm (D),10 µm (E), 5 µm (F, G).t = tonguelet;w = wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614046/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 4F</figureCitation>
). Neuropodial chaetae true trumpet-shaped, abruptly bent, with 2 distal rows of denticles separated by groove and lateral filiform projection, serrated with minute teeth (
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880C9C6AFD80446AFDB1FDFE" box="[539,620,602,627]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="5.[94,153,2042,2067]" captionTargetBox="[94,1417,746,2012]" captionTargetId="figure-291@5.[94,1417,746,2012]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 4. SEM images of Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.Paratype (MNRJP-002776).(A) entire worm,lateral view,(B)crown and operculum,ventral view,(C) detail of operculum, (D) thoracic limbate notochaetae, (E) thoracic uncini, (F) abdominal uncini, (G) abdominal neurochaetae. Scale bars = 500 µm (A), 200 µm (B, C), 20µm (D),10 µm (E), 5 µm (F, G).t = tonguelet;w = wing." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614046/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 4G</figureCitation>
). Color equal to thorax, possibly darker or reddish on dorsum, and beige to brown on venter,with squared ventral shields anteriorly and rectangular posteriorly. Glandular clusters present basally to tori and on posterior abdomen, near fecal sulcus rim (
<figureCitation id="12CE7D93880C9C6AFE9D44CAFE88FC9E" box="[262,341,762,787]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="4.[170,229,1978,2003]" captionTargetBox="[170,1493,1117,1948]" captionTargetId="figure-477@4.[170,1493,1117,1948]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 3. Spirobranchus lirianeae sp.nov.(A, C,D) (righhand image),Paratype (MNRJP-002775);(B,D) (left hand image),(E-G) Holotype (MNRJP-002774).(A) anterior end,superior view,(B) thorax,lateral view,(C) anterior end, dorsal view,showing collar dorso-lateral lobes (D) anterior end, through beginning of abdomen, ventral view, stained with methylene blue, (E) anterior abdominal chaetigers, lateral view, (F) posterior end, ventro-lateral view, (G) posterior end, ventral view, stained with methyleneblue.Scale bars =0,2 mm(A,B,C,D,E,F,G).a= apron;dl =dorso-lateral lobe;ml= mid-ventrallobe;o = operculum;t =tonguelet;tm = thoracic membrane;w = wing.Arrows pointing glandular regions." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614044" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614044/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 3G</figureCitation>
). Pygidium bilobed, with terminal anus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C2EF329D880C9C68FF31450AFC03FEFE" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880C9C6AFF31450AFD65FBBE" blockId="4.[169,795,826,1075]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFF31450AFEC5FCDE" bold="true" box="[170,280,826,851]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Remarks:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EE641CE7880C9C6AFEBF450AFDCBFCDE" author="Bastida-Zavala, J. R." box="[292,534,826,851]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 61" refId="ref13358" refString="Bastida-Zavala, J. R. 2008. Serpulids (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the Eastern Pacific, including a brief mention of Hawaiian serpulids. Zootaxa, 1722: 1 - 61." type="journal article" year="2008">Bastida-Zavala (2008)</bibRefCitation>
studied specimens of Panama’s Pacific coast and mentioned a possible different species (“ 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880C9C6AFEA7454AFE1CFC1E" authorityName="Pixell" authorityYear="1913" box="[316,449,890,915]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Pomatoleios" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFEA7454AFE1CFC1E" box="[316,449,890,915]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Pomatoleios</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.”), with a prominent opercular talon.This species,although never formally described, presents only a longitudinal keel in the tube, differing from 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880C9C6AFF7F45EAFE8AFC7E" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" box="[228,343,986,1011]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFF7F45EAFE8AFC7E" box="[228,343,986,1011]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S.lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880C9C6AFEC045EAFE73FC7E" box="[347,430,986,1011]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
because the specimens analyzed for the present study do not possess thoracic ocelli as the individuals studied by 
<bibRefCitation id="EE641CE7880C9C6AFE39422AFD52FBBE" author="Bastida-Zavala, J. R." box="[418,655,1050,1075]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 61" refId="ref13358" refString="Bastida-Zavala, J. R. 2008. Serpulids (Annelida: Polychaeta) from the Eastern Pacific, including a brief mention of Hawaiian serpulids. Zootaxa, 1722: 1 - 61." type="journal article" year="2008">Bastida-Zavala (2008)</bibRefCitation>
do.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880C9C6BFC1046EAFF6BFE3E" blockId="4.[869,1495,218,1075]" lastBlockId="5.[94,719,218,723]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Although the 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880C9C6AFBB146EAFB6DFF7E" baseAuthorityName="Baird" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[1066,1200,218,243]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kraussii">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFBB146EAFBE0FF7E" box="[1066,1085,218,243]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S.</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFBFB46EAFB6DFF7E" box="[1120,1200,218,243]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">kraussii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens reported from 
<collectingCountry id="F2E22186880C9C6AFCFC46CAFC02FE9E" box="[871,991,250,275]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
are possibly a different species within the 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880C9C6AFCFE472AFC0BFEBE" baseAuthorityName="Baird" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[869,982,282,307]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kraussii">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFCFE472AFC0BFEBE" box="[869,982,282,307]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S. kraussii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-complex, they share many morphological similarities with 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880C9C6AFBBF470AFB41FEDE" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" box="[1060,1180,314,339]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFBBF470AFB41FEDE" box="[1060,1180,314,339]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S. lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880C9C6AFB3C470AFADEFEDE" box="[1191,1283,314,339]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, but they are distinguished by having flattened projection of the dual tube keels, while members of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880C9C6AFB48474AFA08FE1E" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" box="[1235,1493,378,403]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFB48474AFA08FE1E" box="[1235,1493,378,403]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Spirobranchus lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880C9C6AFCFE47AAFC66FE3E" box="[869,955,410,435]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
possess a tube with a single sharp longitudinal keel. Moreover, 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880C9C6AFB83478AFB7EFE5E" baseAuthorityName="Baird" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[1048,1187,442,467]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kraussii">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFB83478AFBF6FE5E" box="[1048,1067,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S.</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFBC8478AFB7EFE5E" box="[1107,1187,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">kraussii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880C9C6AFB7B478AFA94FE5E" baseAuthorityName="Baird" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[1248,1353,442,467]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kraussii">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFB7B478AFA94FE5E" box="[1248,1353,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S. kraussii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are gregarious, belt-forming species, whereas animals belonging to 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880C9C6AFCFE47CAFC04FD9E" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" box="[869,985,506,531]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFCFE47CAFC04FD9E" box="[869,985,506,531]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S. lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880C9C6AFC4447CAFBEEFD9E" box="[991,1075,506,531]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
exhibited a low density of individuals in the sampled areas. Both 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880C9C6AFB15442AFB29FDBE" baseAuthorityName="Baird" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[1166,1268,538,563]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kraussii">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFB15442AFB29FDBE" box="[1166,1268,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S.kraussii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the Costa Rican morphospecies present dark brown paired spots on the radioles, associated with photoreceptor structures, whereas those of members of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880C9C6AFB29444AFAF8FD1E" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" box="[1202,1317,634,659]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFB29444AFAF8FD1E" box="[1202,1317,634,659]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S.lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880C9C6AFAB0444AFAA3FD1E" box="[1323,1406,634,659]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are red. The funnel-like calcareous endplate of the operculum of individuals of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880C9C6AFB9F448AFBA7FD5E" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" box="[1028,1146,698,723]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFB9F448AFBA7FD5E" box="[1028,1146,698,723]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S. lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880C9C6AFBE4448AFB08FD5E" box="[1151,1237,698,723]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
exhibits a deeper concavity than those of other members of the other species within the 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880C9C6AFB8D44CAFB5DFC9E" baseAuthorityName="Baird" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[1046,1152,762,787]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kraussii">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFB8D44CAFB5DFC9E" box="[1046,1152,762,787]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S. kraussii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex. The opercular talon is short in members of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880C9C6AFBF6452AFB2AFCBE" baseAuthorityName="Baird" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[1133,1271,794,819]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kraussii">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFBF6452AFB5DFCBE" box="[1133,1152,794,819]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S.</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFB3C452AFB2AFCBE" box="[1191,1271,794,819]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">kraussii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFAA8452AFA7FFCBE" box="[1331,1442,794,819]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880C9C6AFAA8452AFA43FCBE" baseAuthorityName="Baird" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[1331,1438,794,819]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kraussii">S. kraussii</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and long in 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880C9C6AFC25450AFBEEFCDE" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" box="[958,1075,826,851]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFC25450AFBEEFCDE" box="[958,1075,826,851]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S. lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880C9C6AFBA2450AFB4DFCDE" box="[1081,1168,826,851]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, almost fully immersed within the basal opercular ampulla. The opercular talon of specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880C9C6AFB9A454AFBAAFC1E" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" box="[1025,1143,890,915]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFB9A454AFBAAFC1E" box="[1025,1143,890,915]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S. lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880C9C6AFBE7454AFB0CFC1E" box="[1148,1233,890,915]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
ends in five round and unequal teeth, similar to those reported for members of 
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFC18458AFC2FFC5E" box="[899,1010,954,979]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880C9C6AFC18458AFC33FC5E" baseAuthorityName="Baird" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[899,1006,954,979]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kraussii">S. kraussii</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
in the redescription by 
<bibRefCitation id="EE641CE7880C9C6AFA9B458AFA0FFC5E" author="Simon, C. &amp; Niekerk, H. H. &amp; Burghardt, I. &amp; ten Hove, H. A. &amp; Kupriyanova, E. K." box="[1280,1490,954,979]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="221 - 249" refId="ref15407" refString="Simon, C.; Niekerk, H. H.; Burghardt, I.; ten Hove, H. A. &amp; Kupriyanova, E. K. 2019. Not out of Africa: Spirobranchus kraussii (Baird, 1865) is not a global fouling and invasive serpulid of Indo-Pacific origin. Aquatic Invasions, 14 (2): 221 - 249." type="journal article" year="2019">
Simon 
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFACB458AFA59FC5E" box="[1360,1412,954,979]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">et al.</emphasis>
(2019)
</bibRefCitation>
. The tonguelets of members 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880C9C6AFB3A45EAFAFAFC7E" baseAuthorityName="Baird" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[1185,1319,986,1011]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kraussii">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFB3A45EAFB68FC7E" box="[1185,1205,986,1011]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S.</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFB4C45EAFAFAFC7E" box="[1239,1319,986,1011]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">kraussii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880C9C6AFAFA45EAFA0BFC7E" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" box="[1377,1494,986,1011]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFAFA45EAFA0BFC7E" box="[1377,1494,986,1011]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">S. lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880C9C6AFCFE45CAFC65FB9E" box="[869,952,1018,1043]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are different, being pyriform in the former and bilobed, with fringed outer lobe in the latter. Furthermore, members of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880D9C6BFF7C46EAFEB6FF7E" baseAuthorityName="Baird" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[231,363,218,243]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kraussii">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880D9C6BFF7C46EAFF27FF7E" box="[231,250,218,243]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S.</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis id="B881BD04880D9C6BFE8046EAFEB6FF7E" box="[283,363,218,243]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">kraussii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have six pairs of thoracic ventral shields, whereas in those of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880D9C6BFE0C46CAFDD6FE9E" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" box="[407,523,250,275]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880D9C6BFE0C46CAFDD6FE9E" box="[407,523,250,275]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S. lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880D9C6BFD8A46CAFDB8FE9E" box="[529,613,250,275]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
there are only three or four pairs. The shape of the tonguelets and the ventral shields of members of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880D9C6BFE4F470AFDE6FEDE" baseAuthorityName="Baird" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[468,571,314,339]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kraussii">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880D9C6BFE4F470AFDE6FEDE" box="[468,571,314,339]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S. kraussii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were not defined in the redescription of 
<bibRefCitation id="EE641CE7880D9C6BFE0E476AFDBDFEFE" author="Simon, C. &amp; Niekerk, H. H. &amp; Burghardt, I. &amp; ten Hove, H. A. &amp; Kupriyanova, E. K." box="[405,608,346,371]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="221 - 249" refId="ref15407" refString="Simon, C.; Niekerk, H. H.; Burghardt, I.; ten Hove, H. A. &amp; Kupriyanova, E. K. 2019. Not out of Africa: Spirobranchus kraussii (Baird, 1865) is not a global fouling and invasive serpulid of Indo-Pacific origin. Aquatic Invasions, 14 (2): 221 - 249." type="journal article" year="2019">
Simon 
<emphasis id="B881BD04880D9C6BFE7B476AFDCEFEFE" box="[480,531,346,371]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
(2019)
</bibRefCitation>
, although the images in that report show the tonguelets are not fringed.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DE8A319E880C9C6AFF31418AFD15F7DE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614044" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4614044" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614044/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" startId="4.[170,229,1978,2003]" targetBox="[170,1493,1117,1948]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880C9C6AFF31418AFD15F7DE" blockId="4.[170,1494,1978,2131]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Figure 3. 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880C9C6AFF64418AFE67F85E" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" box="[255,442,1978,2003]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880C9C6AFF64418AFE67F85E" bold="true" box="[255,442,1978,2003]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Spirobranchus lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880C9C6AFE25418AFE21F85E" box="[446,508,1978,2003]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(A, C,D) (righ hand image),Paratype (MNRJP-002775);(B,D) (left hand image),(E-G) Holotype (MNRJP-002774).(A) anterior end,superior view,(B) thorax,lateral view,(C) anterior end, dorsal view,showing collar dorso-lateral lobes (D) anterior end, through beginning of abdomen, ventral view, stained with methylene blue, (E) anterior abdominal chaetigers, lateral view, (F) posterior end, ventro-lateral view, (G) posterior end, ventral view, stained with methylene blue.Scale bars =0,2 mm(A,B,C,D,E,F,G).a= apron;dl =dorso-lateral lobe;ml= mid-ventral lobe;o = operculum;t =tonguelet;tm = thoracic membrane;w = wing.Arrows pointing glandular regions.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880D9C68FF1F478AFCCBFEBE" blockId="5.[94,719,218,723]" lastBlockId="6.[169,795,218,1043]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Members of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880D9C6BFE87478AFE4BFE5E" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" box="[284,406,442,467]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880D9C6BFE87478AFE4BFE5E" box="[284,406,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S. lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880D9C6BFE39478AFE21FE5E" box="[418,508,442,467]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differ from those belonging to the recently described 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880D9C6BFD9347EAFD72FE7E" box="[520,687,474,499]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sinuspersicus">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880D9C6BFD9347EAFD72FE7E" box="[520,687,474,499]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S. sinuspersicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having an operculum with a concavity as a deep funnel, with a talon formed by five protuberances, while in individuals of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880D9C6BFEB9440AFE14FDDE" box="[290,457,570,595]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sinuspersicus">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880D9C6BFEB9440AFE14FDDE" box="[290,457,570,595]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S. sinuspersicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the operculum is flattened (though slightly concave) and the talon has two or three protuberances. The compound ocellar clusters of members of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880D9C6BFE9544AAFE6EFD3E" box="[270,435,666,691]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sinuspersicus">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880D9C6BFE9544AAFE6EFD3E" box="[270,435,666,691]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S. sinuspersicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are dark brown, whereas in 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880D9C6BFFE0448AFF2DFD5E" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" box="[123,240,698,723]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880D9C6BFFE0448AFF2DFD5E" box="[123,240,698,723]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S. lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880D9C6BFF63448AFE90FD5E" box="[248,333,698,723]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
they are red, notwithstanding the brown bands on the crown. Animals belonging to 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880D9C6BFAC346EAFC4BFE9E" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sinuspersicus">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880D9C6BFAC346EAFC4BFE9E" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S. sinuspersicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
present bilobed tonguelets with smooth lobes (not described, but see 
<bibRefCitation id="EE641CE7880D9C6BFBFD472AFAF3FEBE" author="Pazoki, S. &amp; Rahimian, H. &amp; Struck, T. H. &amp; Katouzian, A. R. &amp; Kupriyanova, E. K." box="[1126,1326,282,307]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="401 - 430" refId="ref14615" refString="Pazoki, S.; Rahimian, H.; Struck, T. H.; Katouzian, A. R. &amp; Kupriyanova, E. K. 2020. A new species of the Spirobranchus kraussii - complex (Annelida, Serpulidae) from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman. Zootaxa, 4748 (3): 401 - 430. DOI" type="journal article" year="2020">
Pazoki 
<emphasis id="B881BD04880D9C6BFB2D472AFB2DFEBE" box="[1206,1264,282,307]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.,</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 4E), unlike the unique fringed outer lobe of members of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880D9C6BFC81476AFC4CFEFE" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" box="[794,913,346,371]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880D9C6BFC81476AFC4CFEFE" box="[794,913,346,371]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S. lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880D9C6BFC01476AFC2FFEFE" box="[922,1010,346,371]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Moreover, 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880D9C6BFBE8476AFAC4FEFE" box="[1139,1305,346,371]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="sinuspersicus">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880D9C6BFBE8476AFAC4FEFE" box="[1139,1305,346,371]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S. sinuspersicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was indicated as invasive in potential (
<bibRefCitation id="EE641CE7880D9C6BFBEB474AFA9DFE1E" author="Pazoki, S. &amp; Rahimian, H. &amp; Struck, T. H. &amp; Katouzian, A. R. &amp; Kupriyanova, E. K." box="[1136,1344,378,403]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="401 - 430" refId="ref14615" refString="Pazoki, S.; Rahimian, H.; Struck, T. H.; Katouzian, A. R. &amp; Kupriyanova, E. K. 2020. A new species of the Spirobranchus kraussii - complex (Annelida, Serpulidae) from the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman. Zootaxa, 4748 (3): 401 - 430. DOI" type="journal article" year="2020">
Pazoki 
<emphasis id="B881BD04880D9C6BFB59474AFB20FE1E" box="[1218,1277,378,403]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.,</emphasis>
2020
</bibRefCitation>
), since individuals were found forming aggregates on artificial substrates,which also differentiates it from 
<emphasis id="B881BD04880D9C6BFB6F478AFABDFE5E" box="[1268,1376,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880D9C6BFB6F478AFA81FE5E" baseAuthorityName="Baird" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[1268,1372,442,467]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kraussii">S.kraussii</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
another gregarious species. We only observed individuals of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880D9C6BFCAD47CAFC77FD9E" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" box="[822,938,506,531]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880D9C6BFCAD47CAFC77FD9E" box="[822,938,506,531]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S. lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880D9C6BFC3447CAFBDEFD9E" box="[943,1027,506,531]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
on natural substrates, despite sampling artificial substrates in the 
<typeStatus id="554EDFB4880D9C6BFB1C442AFB64FDBE" box="[1159,1209,538,563]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">type</typeStatus>
locality, including buoys, small boats, metal pipes, and wooden piers. Since 
<bibRefCitation id="EE641CE7880D9C6BFC82446AFC2CFDFE" author="Simon, C. &amp; Niekerk, H. H. &amp; Burghardt, I. &amp; ten Hove, H. A. &amp; Kupriyanova, E. K." box="[793,1009,602,627]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="221 - 249" refId="ref15407" refString="Simon, C.; Niekerk, H. H.; Burghardt, I.; ten Hove, H. A. &amp; Kupriyanova, E. K. 2019. Not out of Africa: Spirobranchus kraussii (Baird, 1865) is not a global fouling and invasive serpulid of Indo-Pacific origin. Aquatic Invasions, 14 (2): 221 - 249." type="journal article" year="2019">
Simon 
<emphasis id="B881BD04880D9C6BFCF0446AFC7FFDFE" box="[875,930,602,627]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">et al.</emphasis>
(2019)
</bibRefCitation>
established that species belonging to the 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880D9C6BFCFE444AFC10FD1E" baseAuthorityName="Baird" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[869,973,634,659]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kraussii">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880D9C6BFCFE444AFC10FD1E" box="[869,973,634,659]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">S. kraussii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
complex are regionally distributed species, given the morphological differences between our specimens and members of the other species assigned to that species complex (in addition to the morphotype 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880E9C68FF3046CAFEF3FE9E" baseAuthorityName="Baird" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[171,302,250,275]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="kraussii">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880E9C68FF3046CAFF63FE9E" box="[171,190,250,275]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S.</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis id="B881BD04880E9C68FF4746CAFEF3FE9E" box="[220,302,250,275]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">kraussii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B881BD04880E9C68FEB546CAFEEFFE9E" box="[302,306,250,275]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">,</emphasis>
reported from 
<collectingCountry id="F2E22186880E9C68FE4C46CAFD91FE9E" box="[471,588,250,275]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
), we assert that the material described herein corresponds to a new species.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DE8A319E880D9C6BFFC541CAFD9FF7DE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4614046" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4614046" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4614046/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" startId="5.[94,153,2042,2067]" targetBox="[94,1417,746,2012]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880D9C6BFFC541CAFD9FF7DE" blockId="5.[94,1418,2042,2131]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Figure 4. SEM images of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880D9C6BFEB641CAFE35F79E" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" box="[301,488,2042,2067]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880D9C6BFEB641CAFE35F79E" bold="true" box="[301,488,2042,2067]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Spirobranchus lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880D9C6BFE7741CAFDF4F79E" box="[492,553,2042,2067]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Paratype (MNRJP-002776).(A) entire worm,lateral view,(B)crown and operculum,ventral view,(C) detail of operculum, (D) thoracic limbate notochaetae, (E) thoracic uncini, (F) abdominal uncini, (G) abdominal neurochaetae. Scale bars = 500 µm (A), 200 µm (B, C), 20µm (D),10 µm (E), 5 µm (F, G).t = tonguelet;w = wing.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880E9C68FF4B470AFEA2FB9E" blockId="6.[169,795,218,1043]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
The concave and tapered calcareous operculum, the presence of paired compound ocellar clusters along the radioles, the tonguelets with a fringed lobe, and the absence of collar chaetae render 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880E9C68FE6147AAFDB0FE3E" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" box="[506,621,410,435]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880E9C68FE6147AAFDB0FE3E" box="[506,621,410,435]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S.lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880E9C68FDE847AAFD1BFE3E" box="[627,710,410,435]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
unique among Brazilian species of 
<emphasis id="B881BD04880E9C68FE44478AFDA2FE5E" box="[479,639,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880E9C68FE44478AFDA1FE5E" authorityName="Blainville" authorityYear="1818" box="[479,636,442,467]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Spirobranchus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Although the operculum of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880E9C68FED647EAFE1DFE7E" baseAuthorityName="Rioja" baseAuthorityYear="1941" box="[333,448,474,499]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="minutus">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880E9C68FED647EAFE1DFE7E" box="[333,448,474,499]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. minutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also lacks endplate ornamentation, the structure is convex and bilobed, not tapered as in members of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880E9C68FEE6442AFE28FDBE" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" box="[381,501,538,563]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880E9C68FEE6442AFE28FDBE" box="[381,501,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880E9C68FE64442AFD8BFDBE" box="[511,598,538,563]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Moreover, specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880E9C68FE95440AFEA3FDDE" baseAuthorityName="Rioja" baseAuthorityYear="1941" box="[270,382,570,595]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="minutus">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880E9C68FE95440AFEA3FDDE" box="[270,382,570,595]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. minutus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
do not present radiolar photoreceptor structures, such as those of members of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880E9C68FD38446AFCC7FDFE" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" box="[675,794,602,627]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880E9C68FD38446AFCC7FDFE" box="[675,794,602,627]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880E9C68FF31444AFEDDFD1E" box="[170,256,634,659]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, and their tubes are multi-keeled and ornamented by alveoli, whereas the tube of members of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880E9C68FD2C44AAFF19FD5E" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880E9C68FD2C44AAFF19FD5E" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880E9C68FF55448AFEFBFD5E" box="[206,294,698,723]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is single-keeled and lacks alveoli. The tube of members of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880E9C68FEFE44EAFE31FD7E" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[357,492,730,755]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="giganteus">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880E9C68FEFE44EAFE31FD7E" box="[357,492,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. giganteus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also single-keeled, but their operculum is elaborately ornamented with spined thorns. Individuals of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880E9C68FE0D452AFDC5FCBE" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1766" box="[406,536,794,819]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="giganteus">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880E9C68FE0D452AFDC5FCBE" box="[406,536,794,819]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. giganteus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have single compound ocellar clusters, which are located only at the base of the two dorsal-most radioles. Members of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880E9C68FD0E456AFCC7FCFE" baseAuthorityName="Schmarda" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[661,794,858,883]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tetraceros">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880E9C68FD0E456AFCC7FCFE" box="[661,794,858,883]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. tetraceros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have fringed interradiolar processes and collar chaetae, both characters absent among members of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880E9C68FD3845AAFCC7FC3E" authority="Brandão &amp; Brasil, 2020" authorityName="Brandão &amp; Brasil" authorityYear="2020" box="[675,794,922,947]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lirianeae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880E9C68FD3845AAFCC7FC3E" box="[675,794,922,947]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. lirianeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A3B2007F880E9C68FF31458AFF23FC5E" box="[170,254,954,979]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
The operculum of specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4DF51A95880E9C68FDFC458AFD35FC5E" baseAuthorityName="Schmarda" baseAuthorityYear="1861" box="[615,744,954,979]" class="Polychaeta" family="Serpulidae" genus="Spirobranchus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sabellida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tetraceros">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880E9C68FDFC458AFD35FC5E" box="[615,744,954,979]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. tetraceros</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also presents complex ornamentation and the ocelli of those animals are simple.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880E9C68FCFE46EAFB64FE9E" blockId="6.[869,1493,218,275]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880E9C68FCFE46EAFBDAFF7E" bold="true" box="[869,1031,218,243]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type-locality:</emphasis>
Cataguases Island, 
<collectingCountry id="F2E22186880E9C68FB4046EAFAD9FF7E" box="[1243,1284,218,243]" name="Iceland" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ilha</collectingCountry>
Grande Bay, 
<collectingRegion id="4831AFF4880E9C68FA0B46EAFC6AFE9E" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F2E22186880E9C68FC2446CAFC26FE9E" box="[959,1019,250,275]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(Atlantic Ocean).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880E9C68FCFE470AFC03FEFE" blockId="6.[869,1493,314,371]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880E9C68FCFE470AFC18FEDE" bold="true" box="[869,965,314,339]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Habitat:</emphasis>
Intertidal: Under rocks; not found in artificial substrates.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C2EF329D880E9C68FCFE47AAFC6BFDBE" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880E9C68FCFE47AAFC6BFDBE" blockId="6.[869,1495,410,563]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880E9C68FCFE47AAFC30FE3E" bold="true" box="[869,1005,410,435]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Etymology:</emphasis>
The specific epithet is a tribute to Professor Liriane Monte Freitas, from the Universidade Federal de 
<collectingRegion id="4831AFF4880E9C68FCFC47EAFC62FE7E" box="[871,959,474,499]" country="Brazil" name="Alagoas" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Alagoas</collectingRegion>
(Federal University of 
<collectingRegion id="4831AFF4880E9C68FB5A47EAFAC3FE7E" box="[1217,1310,474,499]" country="Brazil" name="Alagoas" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Alagoas</collectingRegion>
), responsible for the formation of numerous biologists, including the first author.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C2EF329D880E9C68FCFE446AFC2EFD3E" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8A4A6116880E9C68FCFE446AFC2EFD3E" blockId="6.[869,1493,602,691]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B881BD04880E9C68FCFE446AFC20FDFE" bold="true" box="[869,1021,602,627]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Distribution:</emphasis>
Atlantic Ocean: 
<collectingCountry id="F2E22186880E9C68FB50446AFAD4FDFE" box="[1227,1289,602,627]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, State of 
<collectingRegion id="4831AFF4880E9C68FA1C446AFC6AFD1E" country="Brazil" name="Rio de Janeiro" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Rio de Janeiro</collectingRegion>
, in Cataguases Island and Angra dos Reis (
<collectingCountry id="F2E22186880E9C68FA30444AFA08FD1E" box="[1451,1493,634,659]" name="Iceland" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Ilha</collectingCountry>
Grande Bay).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>