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<mods:title id="CE289D939F787DBDB1B044CA90BD6E4C">The genus Zygoneura Meigen in China, with descriptions of three new species (Diptera, Sciaridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="40BAD8301599668008CB31524A0A943B">Zhang, Su-Jiong</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="9A0387F2FFAEFFB213B9EAA1F59DFE51" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6198202" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119383393" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6198202" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9A0387F2FFAEFFB213B9EAA1F59DFE51" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9A0387F2FFAEFFB213B9EAA1F59DFE51" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="2" pageNumber="42">
<subSubSection id="5AB0656FFFAEFFB313B9EAA1F388F90E" box="[151,757,1742,1768]" pageId="2" pageNumber="42" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="121536E4FFAEFFB313B9EAA1F388F90E" blockId="2.[151,757,1742,1768]" box="[151,757,1742,1768]" pageId="2" pageNumber="42">
<heading id="495D8188FFAEFFB313B9EAA1F388F90E" bold="true" box="[151,757,1742,1768]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="42" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="D5AA4D67FFAEFFB313B9EAA1F388F90E" ID-CoL="8FP58" authority="Mamaev, 1968" authorityName="Mamaev" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,757,1742,1768]" class="Insecta" family="Sciaridae" genus="Zygoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidens" subGenus="Pharetratula">
<emphasis id="20DEEAF6FFAEFFB313B9EAA1F388F90E" bold="true" box="[151,757,1742,1768]" pageId="2" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="20DEEAF6FFAEFFB313B9EAA1F066F90E" bold="true" box="[151,283,1742,1768]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="42">Zygoneura</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="20DEEAF6FFAEFFB31202EAA1F0BAF90E" bold="true" box="[300,455,1742,1768]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="42">Pharetratula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="20DEEAF6FFAEFFB312F9EAA1F358F90E" bold="true" box="[471,549,1742,1768]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="42">bidens</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="763B4B15FFAEFFB3111BEAA1F390F90E" author="Mamaev" box="[565,749,1742,1768]" pageId="2" pageNumber="48" refString="Mamaev, B. M. (1968) New nematocerous Diptera of the USSR Fauna (Diptera, Axymyiidae, Mycetobiidae, Scairidae, Cecidomyiidae). Revue de Entomologie de URSS, 47, 605 - 616." type="journal article" year="1968">Mamaev, 1968</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5AB0656FFFAEFFB313B9EB7DF315F810" pageId="2" pageNumber="42" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="121536E4FFAEFFB313B9EB7DF3FFF8CE" blockId="2.[151,1022,1809,1897]" box="[151,642,1809,1833]" pageId="2" pageNumber="42">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="32BA11CAFFAEFFB313B9EB7DF3FFF8CE" box="[151,642,1809,1833]" pageId="2" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicName id="D5AA4D67FFAEFFB313B9EB7DF334F8CE" ID-CoL="8D9MP" authority="Mamaev, 1968: 610" authorityName="Mamaev" authorityPageNumber="610" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,585,1809,1833]" class="Insecta" family="Sciaridae" genus="Pharetratula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidens">
<emphasis id="20DEEAF6FFAEFFB313B9EB7DF011F8CF" box="[151,364,1810,1833]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="42">Pharetratula bidens</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="930B10F5FFAEFFB3125CEB7EF334F8CE" author="Mamaev" box="[370,585,1809,1832]" page="610" pageId="2" pageNumber="42" year="1968">
<bibRefCitation id="763B4B15FFAEFFB3125CEB7EF369F8CE" author="Mamaev" box="[370,532,1809,1832]" pageId="2" pageNumber="48" refString="Mamaev, B. M. (1968) New nematocerous Diptera of the USSR Fauna (Diptera, Axymyiidae, Mycetobiidae, Scairidae, Cecidomyiidae). Revue de Entomologie de URSS, 47, 605 - 616." type="journal article" year="1968">Mamaev, 1968</bibRefCitation>
: 610
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
611.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="121536E4FFAEFFB313B9EB5DF3F7F8AE" blockId="2.[151,1022,1809,1897]" box="[151,650,1841,1865]" pageId="2" pageNumber="42">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="32BA11CAFFAEFFB313B9EB5DF3F7F8AE" box="[151,650,1841,1865]" pageId="2" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicName id="D5AA4D67FFAEFFB313B9EB5DF3FBF8AE" ID-CoL="89PZV" authority="Zhang &amp; Yang, 1990: 267" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Yang" authorityPageNumber="267" authorityYear="1990" box="[151,646,1841,1865]" class="Insecta" family="Sciaridae" genus="Pharetratula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinica">
<emphasis id="20DEEAF6FFAEFFB313B9EB5DF01BF8AF" box="[151,358,1842,1865]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="42">Pharetratula sinica</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="930B10F5FFAEFFB31242EB5EF3FBF8AE" author="Zhang" box="[364,646,1841,1864]" page="267" pageId="2" pageNumber="42" year="1990">
<bibRefCitation id="763B4B15FFAEFFB31242EB5EF32DF8AE" author="Zhang" box="[364,592,1841,1864]" pageId="2" pageNumber="48" refString="Zhang, X. - M. &amp; Yang, C. - K. (1990) Five new species of sciarids (Diptera: Sciaridae) from Nei Mengol and a genus new to China. Entomotaxonomia, 12, 267 - 274. (in Chinese)" type="journal article" year="1990">Zhang &amp; Yang, 1990</bibRefCitation>
: 267
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="121536E4FFAEFFB313B9EB3DF283F88E" blockId="2.[151,1022,1809,1897]" box="[151,1022,1873,1897]" pageId="2" pageNumber="42">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="32BA11CAFFAEFFB313B9EB3DF283F88E" box="[151,1022,1873,1897]" pageId="2" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicName id="D5AA4D67FFAEFFB313B9EB3DF3CCF88E" ID-CoL="8FP58" authority="Mamaev, 1968" authorityName="Mamaev" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,689,1873,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Sciaridae" genus="Zygoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidens" subGenus="Pharetratula">
<emphasis id="20DEEAF6FFAEFFB313B9EB3DF076F88F" box="[151,267,1874,1897]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="42">Zygoneura</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="20DEEAF6FFAEFFB31234EB3DF0DEF88F" box="[282,419,1874,1897]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="42">Pharetratula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="20DEEAF6FFAEFFB3129CEB3DF085F88F" box="[434,504,1874,1897]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="42">bidens</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="763B4B15FFAEFFB31128EB3EF3D4F88E" author="Mamaev" box="[518,681,1873,1896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="48" refString="Mamaev, B. M. (1968) New nematocerous Diptera of the USSR Fauna (Diptera, Axymyiidae, Mycetobiidae, Scairidae, Cecidomyiidae). Revue de Entomologie de URSS, 47, 605 - 616." type="journal article" year="1968">Mamaev, 1968</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="930B10F5FFAEFFB31193EB3EF287F88E" author="Menzel" box="[701,1018,1873,1896]" page="585" pageId="2" pageNumber="42" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation id="763B4B15FFAEFFB31193EB3EF2B8F88E" author="Menzel" box="[701,965,1873,1896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="48" refString="Menzel, F. &amp; Mohrig, W. (2000) Revision der palaarktischen Trauermucken (Diptera, Sciaridae). Studia Dipterologica. Supplement 6, 1 - 761." type="book chapter" year="2000">Menzel &amp; Mohrig, 2000</bibRefCitation>
: 585
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="121536E4FFAEFFB313B9EBFEF315F810" blockId="2.[151,1437,1937,2038]" pageId="2" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="20DEEAF6FFAEFFB313B9EBFEF0D3F84D" bold="true" box="[151,430,1937,1963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="42">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="04ACFD6DFFAEFFB31299EBFEF360F84D" box="[439,541,1937,1963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="42" type="male">2 Males</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="6ABD7674FFAEFFB31105EBFEF305F84D" box="[555,632,1937,1963]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="42">China</collectingCountry>
, Heilongjiang province, Mt. Maoershan nature reserve, 45°15΄N, 128°13΄E,
<date id="66141024FFAEFFB31233EBD8F0C7F837" box="[285,442,1975,2001]" pageId="2" pageNumber="42" value="2008-07-26">26.VII.2008</date>
, Su-Jiong Zhang [SM0018800189].
<specimenCount id="04ACFD6DFFAEFFB310B6EBD8F288F837" box="[920,1013,1975,2001]" pageId="2" pageNumber="42" type="male">1 Male</specimenCount>
, Inner
<collectingCountry id="6ABD7674FFAEFFB31760EBD8F5B6F837" box="[1102,1227,1975,2001]" name="Mongolia" pageId="2" pageNumber="42">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
, Zhuozi, Baoan- Linchang,
<date id="66141024FFAEFFB3123AEBB3F0D2F810" box="[276,431,2012,2038]" pageId="2" pageNumber="42" value="1987-08-21">21.VIII.1987</date>
, Chi-kun Yang.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5AB0656FFFAFFFB213EAECF8F59DFE51" pageId="3" pageNumber="43" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="121536E4FFAFFFB213EAECF8F5F0FF1A" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,439]" pageId="3" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="20DEEAF6FFAFFFB213EAECF8F03EFF57" bold="true" box="[196,323,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="43">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species was first recorded in Ussurijsk,
<collectingCountry id="6ABD7674FFAFFFB210AEECF7F2AEFF54" box="[896,979,152,178]" name="Russia" pageId="3" pageNumber="43">Russia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="763B4B15FFAFFFB210CAECF7F5E4FF54" author="Mamaev" box="[996,1177,152,178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" refString="Mamaev, B. M. (1968) New nematocerous Diptera of the USSR Fauna (Diptera, Axymyiidae, Mycetobiidae, Scairidae, Cecidomyiidae). Revue de Entomologie de URSS, 47, 605 - 616." type="journal article" year="1968">Mamaev 1968</bibRefCitation>
) and found in
<collectingCountry id="6ABD7674FFAFFFB2167DECF7F4E0FF54" box="[1363,1437,152,178]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="43">China</collectingCountry>
(Heilongjiang, Inner
<collectingCountry id="6ABD7674FFAFFFB212A0ECD2F37BFF31" box="[398,518,189,215]" name="Mongolia" pageId="3" pageNumber="43">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
). It can be distinguished by a gonostylus with two subapical megasetae on the short dorsal lobe, subequal in length and close to each other (
<bibRefCitation id="763B4B15FFAFFFB2104CEC8DF5FCFF1A" author="Menzel" box="[866,1153,226,252]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" refString="Menzel, F. &amp; Mohrig, W. (2000) Revision der palaarktischen Trauermucken (Diptera, Sciaridae). Studia Dipterologica. Supplement 6, 1 - 761." type="book chapter" year="2000">Menzel &amp; Mohrig 2000</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="121536E4FFAFFFB213EAED67F59DFE51" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,439]" pageId="3" pageNumber="43">
<bibRefCitation id="763B4B15FFAFFFB213EAED67F08FFEC4" author="Menzel" box="[196,498,264,290]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" refString="Menzel, F. &amp; Mohrig, W. (2000) Revision der palaarktischen Trauermucken (Diptera, Sciaridae). Studia Dipterologica. Supplement 6, 1 - 761." type="book chapter" year="2000">Menzel &amp; Mohrig (2000)</bibRefCitation>
synonymized
<taxonomicName id="D5AA4D67FFAFFFB2118EED67F5F5FEC4" authority="Zhang &amp; Yang, 1990" authorityName="Zhang &amp; Yang" authorityYear="1990" box="[672,1160,264,290]" class="Insecta" family="Sciaridae" genus="Pharetratula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinica">
<emphasis id="20DEEAF6FFAFFFB2118EED67F2FBFEC7" box="[672,902,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="43">Pharetratula sinica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="763B4B15FFAFFFB210A0ED67F5F5FEC4" author="Zhang" box="[910,1160,264,290]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" refString="Zhang, X. - M. &amp; Yang, C. - K. (1990) Five new species of sciarids (Diptera: Sciaridae) from Nei Mengol and a genus new to China. Entomotaxonomia, 12, 267 - 274. (in Chinese)" type="journal article" year="1990">Zhang &amp; Yang, 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="D5AA4D67FFAFFFB217E3ED67F447FEC7" box="[1229,1338,264,289]" class="Insecta" family="Sciaridae" genus="Zygoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidens">
<emphasis id="20DEEAF6FFAFFFB217E3ED67F447FEC7" box="[1229,1338,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="43">Z. bidens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
without explanation. The
<typeStatus id="CD118846FFAFFFB21246ED42F0ADFEA1" box="[360,464,301,327]" pageId="3" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of the species is in poor condition and the diagnostic characters were difficult to examine. However, the figure plates prepared by
<bibRefCitation id="763B4B15FFAFFFB211D1ED3DF56CFE8A" author="Zhang" box="[767,1041,338,364]" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" refString="Zhang, X. - M. &amp; Yang, C. - K. (1990) Five new species of sciarids (Diptera: Sciaridae) from Nei Mengol and a genus new to China. Entomotaxonomia, 12, 267 - 274. (in Chinese)" type="journal article" year="1990">Zhang &amp; Yang (1990)</bibRefCitation>
show the hook-like apex of the gonostylus, which is strongly attenuated and curved, while the gonostylus of
<taxonomicName id="D5AA4D67FFAFFFB21766ED17F5C5FE77" box="[1096,1208,376,401]" class="Insecta" family="Sciaridae" genus="Zygoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidens">
<emphasis id="20DEEAF6FFAFFFB21766ED17F5C5FE77" box="[1096,1208,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="43">Z. bidens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is nearly oval, not attenuated but faintly curved. Therefore, we suspect they may represent two different species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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