341 lines
33 KiB
XML
341 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.1371/journal.pone.0041744" ID-GBIF-Dataset="eb1f92d6-b231-49e8-942a-23a304304304" ID-PMC="PMC3440430" ID-PubMed="22984399" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4244560" approvedBy="poa" checkinTime="1604502670596" checkinUser="tatiana" docAuthor="Peter J. Taylor, Samantha Stoffberg, Ara Monadjem, Martinus Corrie Schoeman, Julian Baylis & Fenton P. D. Cotterill" docDate="2012" docId="B76E487AFFFFFFD4FF520409FB7F13B7" docLanguage="en" docName="PLoSOne.7.9.e41744.pdf.imf" docOrigin="PLoS ONE 7 (9)" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Rhinolophus mabuensis Peter J. Taylor & Samantha Stoffberg & Ara Monadjem & Martinus Corrie Schoeman & Julian Baylis & Fenton P. D. Cotterill 2012, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="4B573002FFEFFFC4FFC9012BFF941755" masterDocTitle="Four New Bat Species (Rhinolophus hildebrandtii Complex) Reflect Plio-Pleistocene Divergence of Dwarfs and Giants across an Afromontane Archipelago" masterLastPageNumber="23" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1668143260826" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Four New Bat Species (Rhinolophus hildebrandtii Complex) Reflect Plio-Pleistocene Divergence of Dwarfs and Giants across an Afromontane Archipelago</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Peter J. Taylor</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology and Resource Management, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa, Durban Natural Science Museum, Durban, South Africa, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">peter.taylor@univen.ac.za</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Samantha Stoffberg</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Evolutionary Genomics Group, Department of Botany and Zoology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ara Monadjem</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>All Out Africa Research Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Swaziland, Kwaluseni, Swaziland</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Martinus Corrie Schoeman</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Julian Baylis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Mulanje Mountain Conservation Trust, Mulanje, Malawi, Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fenton P. D. Cotterill</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Africa Earth Observatory Network, Geoecodynamics Research Hub, Department of Botany and Zoology, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PLoS ONE</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2012-09-12</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>7</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>9</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>23</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1371/journal.pone.0041744</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">eb1f92d6-b231-49e8-942a-23a304304304</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="PMC">PMC3440430</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="PubMed">22984399</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">4244560</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4328637" ID-GBIF-Taxon="168754886" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4328637" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B76E487AFFFFFFD4FF520409FB7F13B7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B76E487AFFFFFFD4FF520409FB7F13B7" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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||
<paragraph blockId="16.[155,793,1314,1956]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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||
<subSubSection box="[155,560,1314,1338]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
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||
<heading box="[155,560,1314,1338]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="Peter J. Taylor & Samantha Stoffberg & Ara Monadjem & Martinus Corrie Schoeman & Julian Baylis & Fenton P. D. Cotterill, 2012" authorityName="Peter J. Taylor & Samantha Stoffberg & Ara Monadjem & Martinus Corrie Schoeman & Julian Baylis & Fenton P. D. Cotterill" authorityYear="2012" box="[155,413,1314,1338]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mabuensis" status="new species">
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<emphasis box="[155,413,1314,1338]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Rhinolophus mabuensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[422,560,1314,1338]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
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||
<uri pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C205928E-D72C-40D5-9647FDC9391CB1A6</uuid>
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</uri>
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||
</subSubSection>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection box="[179,462,1402,1424]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph blockId="16.[155,793,1314,1956]" box="[179,462,1402,1424]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Mount Mabu Horseshoe Bat</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[179,705,1431,1453]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
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||
<paragraph blockId="16.[155,793,1314,1956]" box="[179,705,1431,1453]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<figureCitation box="[179,263,1431,1453]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[840,905,1377,1396]" captionTargetBox="[844,1474,166,1343]" captionTargetId="figure-696@8.[840,1478,162,1343]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. Morphometric variation in a series representing the R. hildebrandtii complex from Lutope-Ngolangola, Zimbabwe: a) biplot of forearm length versus noseleaf width and b) PCA of five craniometric variables (M3M3, CM3, IOC, NW, NH) in 26 individuals of known (37 or 46 kHz) and unknown (?) frequency. Females indicated by open circlesı males by closed circles or crosses or asterisk. Voucher specimens for molecular sequencing study indicated by asterisk (Clade 1e: = smithersii sp. nov.; see Taxonomic Conclusions) and crosses (Clade 2: = mossambicus sp. nov.; see Taxonomic Conclusions). Hereafterı all individuals with a frequency of 37 kHz were assumed to belong to Clade 2 (mossambicus sp. nov.) and the 46 kHz individual was assumed to belong to Clade 1e (smithersi sp. nov.). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041744.g004" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4244568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4244568/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 4, 4</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[275,345,1431,1453]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[155,220,1840,1859]" captionTargetBox="[158,790,800,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-761@1.[155,793,797,1806]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Portraits of (a) Rhinolophus smithersi species novo, and (b) Rhinolophus mossambicus species novo, two of four new cryptic species described herein within the R. hildebrandtii complex. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041744.g001" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4244562" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4244562/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. S1</figureCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation box="[358,436,1431,1453]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="7.[171,235,1322,1343]" captionText="Table 3. Summary of data for peak echolocation frequency of R. hildebrandtii s.l. populations." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Table 3</tableCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation box="[448,462,1431,1453]" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="15.[856,920,1521,1542]" captionText="Table 4. Eigenvectors for PCA of recently collected voucher specimens of the Rhinolophus hildebrandtii complex associated with molecular and acoustic analysesı which includes type specimens of R. hildebrandtii and R. eloquens (see Fig. 5a). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041744.t004" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">4</tableCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation box="[474,565,1431,1453]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="6.[171,235,1481,1502]" captionText="Table 1. ‘Uncorrected p’ pairwise sequence distances for the 12S gene below the diagonal and Chd1 gene above the diagonal for the clades (1ı 2ı 3) and some lineages (1aı 1bı 1c) identified in the molecular analyses of the Rhinolophus hildebrandtii complex." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Table S1</tableCitation>
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, Appendix S1
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2908237312" accessionNumber="JQ929269, JQ929205, JQ292229" collectingDate="2008-10-13" collectionCode="DM" collectorName="M. Curran & M. Kopp" country="South Africa" elevation="1043m" location="Mt Mabu" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCode="DM 10842" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="northern Mozambique" typeStatus="holotype">
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<paragraph blockId="16.[155,793,1314,1956]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[177,282,1460,1479]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<typeStatus box="[177,277,1460,1479]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<specimenCode box="[306,421,1459,1481]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">DM 10842</specimenCode>
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;
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<specimenCount box="[437,486,1459,1481]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="adult">adult</specimenCount>
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<specimenCount box="[498,547,1459,1481]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">male</specimenCount>
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, alcohol skin, skull and prepared baculum, collected by
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<collectorName box="[485,596,1487,1509]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. Curran</collectorName>
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and
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<collectorName box="[656,753,1487,1509]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">M. Kopp</collectorName>
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||
,
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<date pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="2008-10-13">
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<collectingDate pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="2008-10-13">13 October 2008</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="16.[155,793,1314,1956]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[177,329,1544,1563]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type locality.</emphasis>
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B76E487AFFFFFFD4FF520409FB7F13B7:3A18AFB7FFFFFFD4FEA8072CFE531148" box="[353,455,1543,1565]" name="Mt Mabu" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" stateProvince="northern Mozambique">Mt Mabu</location>
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||
,
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<collectingRegion box="[471,699,1543,1565]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">northern Mozambique</collectingRegion>
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||
,
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||
<elevation pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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<geoCoordinate pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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16
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[739,748,1542,1563]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">°</emphasis>
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<date pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="2017-02-09">
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17
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<emphasis box="[784,792,1542,1564]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">'</emphasis>
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2
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</date>
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<emphasis box="[167,175,1570,1592]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">"</emphasis>
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S
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</geoCoordinate>
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||
;
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<geoCoordinate box="[212,361,1570,1593]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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36
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[236,245,1570,1591]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">°</emphasis>
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||
<date box="[263,336,1570,1593]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="1953-09-23">
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23
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||
<emphasis box="[287,295,1570,1592]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">'</emphasis>
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53
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</date>
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<emphasis box="[336,344,1570,1592]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">"</emphasis>
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E
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</geoCoordinate>
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</elevation>
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||
; elevation
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||
<quantity box="[488,562,1571,1593]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.043" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="1043.0">
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<elevation box="[488,562,1571,1593]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.043" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="1043.0">1043 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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asl.
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</paragraph>
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</materialsCitation>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph blockId="16.[155,793,1314,1956]" lastBlockId="16.[840,1479,164,1250]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
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Diagnosis. Peak frequency of 37.5 and 37.9 kHz for two animals captured and released in sub-montane and montane forests at
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<quantity box="[678,741,1627,1649]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="550.0">550 m</quantity>
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and
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||
<quantity box="[155,230,1655,1677]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
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respectively on
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<collectingRegion box="[397,495,1655,1677]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Mt Mabu</collectingRegion>
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(Curran and Kopp, personal communication). The echolocation call frequencies of the
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||
<typeStatus box="[709,792,1683,1705]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
from
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<collectingRegion box="[216,317,1711,1733]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Mt Mabu</collectingRegion>
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||
and the
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<typeStatus box="[427,511,1711,1733]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">paratype</typeStatus>
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||
from Mt Inago were not measured. Body, cranium and noseleaf very large (FL
|
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<quantity box="[679,767,1739,1761]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.609999999999999" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="66.1">66.1 mm</quantity>
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||
in
|
||
<typeStatus box="[155,241,1766,1788]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
, 69.0 in
|
||
<typeStatus box="[330,417,1766,1788]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">paratype</typeStatus>
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||
; GSL
|
||
<quantity box="[483,571,1766,1788]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9699999999999998" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="29.7">29.7 mm</quantity>
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||
in
|
||
<typeStatus box="[607,693,1766,1788]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity box="[704,792,1766,1788]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.03" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="30.3">30.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<typeStatus box="[184,271,1794,1816]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">paratype</typeStatus>
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||
; CCL
|
||
<quantity box="[345,433,1794,1816]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.52" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="25.2">25.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<typeStatus box="[474,560,1794,1816]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity box="[574,661,1794,1816]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.59" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="25.9">25.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<typeStatus box="[702,789,1794,1816]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
; NLW 15.0 mm in
|
||
<typeStatus box="[342,428,1822,1844]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity box="[439,527,1822,1844]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.53" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="mm" value="15.3">15.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<typeStatus box="[562,649,1822,1844]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation box="[661,738,1822,1844]" captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="17.[153,217,487,508]" captionText="Table 5. Matrix showing diagnostic traits and distribution of seven evolutionary lineages within the Rhinolophus hildebrandtii complex." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
); size and position of anterior upper premolar variable; either relatively largeand situated partially within the toothrow, with gap between canine and posterior premolar (
|
||
<typeStatus box="[481,564,1906,1928]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
) or small and located external to the toothrow (
|
||
<typeStatus box="[416,501,1934,1956]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
). Much larger than all other members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1878" box="[999,1130,164,186]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hildebrandtii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[999,1130,164,186]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. hildebrandtii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex, except for
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Peter J. Taylor & Samantha Stoffberg & Ara Monadjem & Martinus Corrie Schoeman & Julian Baylis & Fenton P. D. Cotterill" authorityYear="2012" box="[1335,1424,164,186]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cohenae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1335,1424,164,186]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. cohenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from which
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Peter J. Taylor & Samantha Stoffberg & Ara Monadjem & Martinus Corrie Schoeman & Julian Baylis & Fenton P. D. Cotterill" authorityYear="2012" box="[909,992,192,214]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mabuensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[909,992,192,214]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">mabuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished by echolocation frequency (33 kHz in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Peter J. Taylor & Samantha Stoffberg & Ara Monadjem & Martinus Corrie Schoeman & Julian Baylis & Fenton P. D. Cotterill" authorityYear="2012" box="[949,1037,219,241]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cohenae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[949,1037,219,241]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. cohenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis box="[1049,1067,219,241]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">ca</emphasis>
|
||
38 kHz in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Peter J. Taylor & Samantha Stoffberg & Ara Monadjem & Martinus Corrie Schoeman & Julian Baylis & Fenton P. D. Cotterill" authorityYear="2012" box="[1169,1279,219,241]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mabuensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1169,1279,219,241]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. mabuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and baculum shape (
|
||
<typeStatus box="[847,897,248,270]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
<quantity box="[906,946,248,270]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Peter J. Taylor & Samantha Stoffberg & Ara Monadjem & Martinus Corrie Schoeman & Julian Baylis & Fenton P. D. Cotterill" authorityYear="2012" box="[955,1038,247,269]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mabuensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[955,1038,247,269]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">mabuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1054,1104,248,270]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
<quantity box="[1114,1154,248,270]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Peter J. Taylor & Samantha Stoffberg & Ara Monadjem & Martinus Corrie Schoeman & Julian Baylis & Fenton P. D. Cotterill" authorityYear="2012" box="[1163,1224,247,269]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cohenae">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1163,1224,247,269]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">cohenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1239,1298,248,270]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="13.[155,220,1417,1436]" captionTargetBox="[178,1109,164,1382]" captionTargetId="figure-203@13.[155,1113,162,1383]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="Figure 9. Dorsal (D), ventral (V) and lateral (L) view of bacula (tips on right) from four individuals (a–d) from Mpumalanga (Clade 1a = cohenae sp. nov.), two (e–f) from lowland sites in Mozambique (Clade 2 = mossambicus sp. nov.) and one (g) from Mt Mabu in Mozambique (Clade 1b = mabuensis sp. nov.). a = DM 11558 (Sudwala); b = DM 11620 (Barberton Tunnel; Topotype of cohenae); c = DM 11560 (Mayo); d = DM 11618 (Barberton Tunnel); e = DM 8580 (Gorongosa); f = DM 8578 (Niassa GR; Holotype of mossambicus); g = DM 10842 (Mt Mabu; Holotype of mabuensis). Bacula of Clade 1a (cohenae sp. nov.) have spatulate tip (rounded in Clades 2 (mossambicus sp. nov.) and 1b (mabuensis sp. nov.))ı typically emarginated basal portion (less so in Clades 2 and 1b) and shaft laterally compressed (cylindrical in Clades 2 and 1b) and sloping downwards in lateral view (horizontal in Clades 2 and 1b). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041744.g009" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4244578" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4244578/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
). Genotypes of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Peter J. Taylor & Samantha Stoffberg & Ara Monadjem & Martinus Corrie Schoeman & Julian Baylis & Fenton P. D. Cotterill" authorityYear="2012" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mabuensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. mabuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are members of Clade 1b (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1197,1253,276,298]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="2.[155,220,1881,1900]" captionTargetBox="[160,1475,167,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-0@2.[155,1480,162,1848]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 2. Map of southern, central and eastern Africa indicating localities of individuals of R. hildebrandtii species-complex included in this study. Grey-shaded area represents elevations in excess of 600 m a.s.l. Closed squares indicate museum specimens from which craniometric data were obtained. Open symbols indicate specimens genotyped in this study. The distribution of the three major clades is based on cytochrome b (see Figure 2): open circles = Clade 1; open squares = Clade 2; open diamonds = Clade 3. Closed squares enclosed in open symbols indicate localities where both molecular and morphological data were available for selected specimens. Numbers refer to respective localities listed in Table S1. ‘‘T’’ indicates the type localities of R. eloquens in Uganda and R. hildebrandtii in Kenyaı respectively. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041744.g002" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4244564" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4244564/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="16.[840,1479,164,1250]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2908237302" accessionNumber="JQ929260, JQ929214, JQ929292" collectingDate="2009-09-05" collectionCode="DM" collectorName="J. Bayliss" country="Mozambique" location="Mt Inago" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCode="DM 11485" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-adult="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[863,966,305,324]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[863,962,305,324]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCode box="[991,1101,304,326]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">DM 11485</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1117,1165,304,326]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="adult">adult</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount box="[1176,1242,304,326]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">female</specimenCount>
|
||
, alcohol skin and skull, collected
|
||
<collectorName box="[932,1019,332,354]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">J. Bayliss</collectorName>
|
||
on
|
||
<date box="[1060,1240,332,354]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="2009-09-05">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[1060,1240,332,354]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="2009-09-05">5 September 2009</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
from
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B76E487AFFFFFFD4FF520409FB7F13B7:3A18AFB7FFFFFFD4FADF0067FAE01637" box="[1302,1396,332,354]" country="Mozambique" name="Mt Inago" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Mt Inago</location>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="16.[840,1479,164,1250]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[863,996,361,380]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
External and noseleaf description and colour similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1878" box="[951,1087,388,410]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="hildebrandtii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[951,1087,388,410]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. hildebrandtii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1101,1130,388,410]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, but larger in skull and external dimensions (see above). Lower lip with single mental groove. Noseleaf shape variable with profile of connecting process forming a continuous arch as typical for
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1878" box="[1203,1342,472,494]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hildebrandtii">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1203,1342,472,494]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. hildebrandtii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Csorba G & Ujhelyip P & Thomas N" box="[1364,1391,472,494]" journalOrPublisher="Shropshire: Alana books" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref21181" refString="12. Csorba G, Ujhelyip P, Thomas N (2003) Horseshoe Bats of the World (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae). Shropshire: Alana books." title="Horseshoe Bats of the World (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae)" type="book" year="2003">12</bibRefCitation>
|
||
] in the individual from Mt Inago, but highly distinctive in the Mt Mabu specimen, representing a small rounded bump (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[1299,1353,528,550]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="12.[155,220,993,1012]" captionTargetBox="[163,1000,167,956]" captionTargetId="figure-464@12.[155,1007,162,960]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 8. Photographs showing lateral views of noseleafs of selected individuals (including holotypes of new species) of the Rhinolophus hildebrandtii complex representing molecular Lineage 1a (= cohenae sp. nov.; a–b), Lineage 1b (= mabuensis sp. nov.; c) and Clade 2 (= mossambicus sp. nov.; d–f). a = DM 7886 (cohenae sp. nov.;Barberton Tunnel, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa); b = DM 8626 (cohenae sp. nov.; Barberton Tunnel, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa; Holotype); c = DM 10842 (mabuensis sp. nov.; Mt Mabu, Mozambique; Holotype); d = DM 8578 (mossambicus sp. nov.; Niassa Game Reserve, Mozambique; Holotype); e = DM 8579 (mossambicus sp. nov.; Chinizuia, Mozambique); f = DM 8577 (mossambicus sp. nov.; Namapa, Mozambique). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0041744.g008" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4244576" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4244576/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). The robust skull is reflected in the large means recorded for most cranial dimensions (
|
||
<tableCitation box="[964,1042,584,606]" captionStart="Table 5" captionStartId="17.[153,217,487,508]" captionText="Table 5. Matrix showing diagnostic traits and distribution of seven evolutionary lineages within the Rhinolophus hildebrandtii complex." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
). In lateral view the skull has a prominent rostral chamber which extends to the same height as the relatively weak sagittal crest. In dorsal view the V-shaped inter-orbital basin (frontal depression [
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Csorba G & Ujhelyip P & Thomas N" box="[1033,1059,668,690]" journalOrPublisher="Shropshire: Alana books" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref21181" refString="12. Csorba G, Ujhelyip P, Thomas N (2003) Horseshoe Bats of the World (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae). Shropshire: Alana books." title="Horseshoe Bats of the World (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae)" type="book" year="2003">12</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]) formed by the supraorbital ridges is very prominent and deep, and the anterior root of the sagittal crest is displaced posteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="16.[840,1479,164,1250]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[863,1003,753,772]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Known only from two mountains in northern Mozambique but quite possibly extending to nearby Mts. Namuli, Chiperone, Mulanje and the Malawi Rift.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="16.[840,1479,164,1250]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[863,953,837,856]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
All known specimens were associated with montane or sub-montane forest on the two mountains where they were collected.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="16.[840,1479,164,1250]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[863,984,921,940]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
We selected the specific epithet to draw attention to the serious threats to the unique biodiversity isolated on the montane forest islands in northern Mozambique – notably Mts Mabu and Inago. None of these landforms lie within formally protected areas, and all are undergoing major habitat degradation and destruction from ever-increasing human activities - hunting, fires, timber harvesting and expanding agriculture [
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bayliss J & Monteiro J & Fishpool L & Congdon C & Bampton I & Bruessow C & Matimele H & Banze A & Timberlake JR" bookContentInfo="32 pp." box="[1384,1414,1088,1110]" journalOrPublisher="Mulanje Mountain Conservation Trust, Malawi" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref21541" refString="22. Bayliss J, Monteiro J, Fishpool L, Congdon C, Bampton I, Bruessow C, Matimele H, Banze A, Timberlake JR (2010) Biodiversity and Conservation of Mount Inago, Mozambique. Report produced under Darwin Initiative Award 15 / 036. Mulanje Mountain Conservation Trust, Malawi. 32 pp." title="Biodiversity and Conservation of Mount Inago, Mozambique. Report produced under Darwin Initiative Award 15 / 036" type="book" year="2010">22</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]. The conservation status of this threatened biodiversity on Mts Mabu and Inago is highlighted by
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Peter J. Taylor & Samantha Stoffberg & Ara Monadjem & Martinus Corrie Schoeman & Julian Baylis & Fenton P. D. Cotterill" authorityYear="2012" box="[1155,1275,1143,1165]" class="Mammalia" family="Rhinolophidae" genus="Rhinolophus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mabuensis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1155,1275,1143,1165]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">R. mabuensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, alongside recently discovered species of butterflies, crabs, snakes and chameleons [22;115,116,117,118].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="16.[840,1479,164,1250]" box="[863,1259,1228,1250]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[863,1097,1229,1248]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[1122,1156,1228,1250]" country="South Sudan" name="Lakes" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">See</collectingRegion>
|
||
<tableCitation box="[1163,1254,1228,1250]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="6.[171,235,1481,1502]" captionText="Table 1. ‘Uncorrected p’ pairwise sequence distances for the 12S gene below the diagonal and Chd1 gene above the diagonal for the clades (1ı 2ı 3) and some lineages (1aı 1bı 1c) identified in the molecular analyses of the Rhinolophus hildebrandtii complex." pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Table S1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |