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<document id="E0D2AE797B522B1DE4B7C70141011D86" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4810.1.3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3937082" ID-ZooBank="F7161842-821F-486A-B12D-FEDC44640CC3" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1594292221511" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wickramasinghe, L. J. Mendis, Vidanapathirana, Dulan Ranga, Wickramasinghe, Nethu &amp; Gower, David J." docDate="2020" docId="F53287CAFFB7FFA7D5BBFDDE19C8FB67" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4810.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4810 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Rhinophis gunasekarai Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="090BFFB2FFB6FFADD52CFFB31A60FFA0" masterDocTitle="A new species of Rhinophis Hemprich, 1820 (Reptilia: Uropeltidae), from cloud forest of the Knuckles massif of Sri Lanka" masterLastPageNumber="80" masterPageNumber="65" pageNumber="66" updateTime="1700277355197" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="4B7C4FFF344BC403258C719612818BE7" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="ECCF351FEE1E2C195208C2714A819237">
<mods:title id="94CD403D8C3EDE54E6F5B56850CF5E6D">A new species of Rhinophis Hemprich, 1820 (Reptilia: Uropeltidae), from cloud forest of the Knuckles massif of Sri Lanka</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="0654BD57EDF1AE8AF1B5E9ADA5FF8C7C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A3A8A45ED97E2C30114B2D15609C5092">
<mods:roleTerm id="A93FAC0697BA55F2175D45A402A64360">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C8E00D49992C012D3B22CC835714F1C7">Wickramasinghe, L. J. Mendis</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="704FE7F1F03F67B76A91855D190B2DFC">Herpetological Foundation of Sri Lanka, 31 / 5 Alwis Town, Hendala, Wattala, Sri Lanka &amp; mendis @ ime. edu. lk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9597 - 7070 &amp; dulanrangavp @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3998 - 9103 &amp; nemzy 821 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5198 - 604 X &amp; mendis @ ime. edu. lk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9597 - 7070</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="7B0037B39A4B7F87BE535046F898254F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="CA6CF0964771D91A5564AF8E6B21AB0C">
<mods:roleTerm id="451328C68F96C2A7E560DE3B97E6FE43">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="084E2D0C48F1578D1CD49F089B318D58">Vidanapathirana, Dulan Ranga</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="2D67FC7902FBF47D8D2A3F114D24DFA8">Herpetological Foundation of Sri Lanka, 31 / 5 Alwis Town, Hendala, Wattala, Sri Lanka &amp; mendis @ ime. edu. lk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9597 - 7070 &amp; dulanrangavp @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3998 - 9103 &amp; nemzy 821 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5198 - 604 X</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5EA9EF187EBC425331FCC2A5B337DAB5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9D5B3A9C5BB7AAA8D3E3D5D045D20D95">
<mods:roleTerm id="05D79F7016FD92787510E5A23DA48A99">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="132EC797E81C287DAE48BA492E981C74">Wickramasinghe, Nethu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E00CC838FE00EE196312056D50835145">Herpetological Foundation of Sri Lanka, 31 / 5 Alwis Town, Hendala, Wattala, Sri Lanka &amp; mendis @ ime. edu. lk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9597 - 7070 &amp; dulanrangavp @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3998 - 9103 &amp; nemzy 821 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5198 - 604 X &amp; Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Biotechnology, University of Colombo, Sri Lanka &amp; nemzy 821 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5198 - 604 X</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role id="4F0AF2AE9D496406675379E8EC01C47B">
<mods:roleTerm id="AAC2FD207484E2C6F4F04F1477121651">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="225C8D0FD0D28CB3C9B7F5214D5B66D3">Gower, David J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F1E69C19B34FE4000616327AA2D00E03">Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, UK &amp; d. gower @ nhm. ac. uk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1725 - 8863</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:title id="C594BD95C4FF585B88AE13B5897F04F8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="BDA02A1BDF67D98AD5F54B23793D9CCC">
<mods:date id="68D7CB84D0E61C5095AEFF246E4F2A67">2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="34155396DFEB32324D139CC8BBE9D682" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="9B9226A898E032FCD70145ECA8C66B65">2020-07-09</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="5011819C61FB3AC89B8BF3192D6F1F01">4810</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="84F0F12ED79156A7FB24FBD45B911561">65</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="A32EF7DA9811527D972B376FF244837B">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="D0BD26C914586AE368433779448DEF22" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4810.1.3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="98EB111EF8FBF20422E9425BE4BE5D27" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E665FFA2E2E22393844F14438130705F" type="Zenodo-Dep">3937082</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
<treatment id="F53287CAFFB7FFA7D5BBFDDE19C8FB67" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F53287CAFFB7FFA7D5BBFDDE19C8FB67" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F53287CAFFB7FFA7D5BBFDDE19C8FB67" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<subSubSection id="35816557FFB7FFACD5BBFDDE1877FD27" box="[151,535,621,648]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB7FFACD5BBFDDE1877FD27" blockId="1.[151,535,621,683]" box="[151,535,621,648]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<heading id="266C81B0FFB7FFACD5BBFDDE1877FD27" bold="true" box="[151,535,621,648]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" reason="1">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD5BBFDDE1877FD27" bold="true" box="[151,535,621,648]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB7FFACD5BBFDDE1BD2FD28" authority="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower, 2020" authorityName="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,434,621,648]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gunasekarai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD5BBFDDE1BD2FD28" bold="true" box="[151,434,621,648]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Rhinophis gunasekarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54DC57B5FFB7FFACD495FDDE1877FD27" box="[441,535,621,647]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="35816557FFB7FFACD5BBFD221BE1FD0B" box="[151,385,657,683]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" type="description">
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB7FFACD5BBFD221BE1FD0B" blockId="1.[151,535,621,683]" box="[151,385,657,683]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
(
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB7FFACD5B3FD221B7AFD0B" box="[159,282,657,683]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 6" captionStart-6="FIGURE 7" captionStart-7="FIGURE 8" captionStart-8="FIGURE 9" captionStart-9="FIGURE 10" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1945,1970]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,250,682,707]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,250,1975,2000]" captionStartId-3="5.[151,250,1114,1139]" captionStartId-4="5.[151,250,1937,1962]" captionStartId-5="6.[151,250,1046,1071]" captionStartId-6="6.[151,250,1993,2018]" captionStartId-7="7.[151,250,1078,1103]" captionStartId-8="7.[151,250,2008,2033]" captionStartId-9="8.[151,250,1029,1054]" captionTargetBox-0="[223,1365,194,1903]" captionTargetBox-1="[201,1387,181,656]" captionTargetBox-2="[201,1386,765,1950]" captionTargetBox-3="[157,1430,190,1080]" captionTargetBox-4="[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetBox-5="[164,1423,181,1020]" captionTargetBox-6="[164,1423,1128,1967]" captionTargetBox-7="[177,1409,183,1052]" captionTargetBox-8="[177,1411,1160,1982]" captionTargetBox-9="[177,1411,181,1003]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[208,1379,179,1918]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[201,1387,181,656]" captionTargetId-2="figure@4.[201,1386,765,1950]" captionTargetId-3="figure@5.[151,1436,181,1089]" captionTargetId-4="figure@5.[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetId-5="figure@6.[164,1423,181,1020]" captionTargetId-6="figure@6.[164,1423,1128,1967]" captionTargetId-7="figure@7.[176,1411,181,1052]" captionTargetId-8="figure@7.[177,1411,1160,1982]" captionTargetId-9="figure@8.[177,1411,181,1003]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionTargetPageId-4="5" captionTargetPageId-5="6" captionTargetPageId-6="6" captionTargetPageId-7="7" captionTargetPageId-8="7" captionTargetPageId-9="8" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Map of Sri Lanka showing the type locality of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., Riverstone (star), doubtful locality of referred specimen WHT5786, Pussellewa (square), and type locality of most similar congener, R. phillipsi, Gammaduwa (circle)." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Dorsolateral view at time of preservation of the holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, 258 mm (SVL)." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01: (A) dorsal, (B) ventral aspects of preserved specimen." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, head scalation: (A) dorsal, (B) lateral, (C) ventral aspects. Scale bar 1 mm." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Preserved paratypes Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., (A) dorsal, (B) ventral aspects of NMSL-NH 2020.05.02 (SVL 143 mm), and (C) dorsal, (D) ventral aspects of DWC2020.05.01 (SVL 154 mm)." captionText-5="FIGURE 6. Ventral aspect at time of preservation of the holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, 258 mm(SVL)." captionText-6="FIGURE 7. Ventral aspect of tail of the holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, 258 mm (SVL)." captionText-7="FIGURE 8. Tail shield of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01: (A) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C) posterior, (D) lateral aspects. Scale bar 1 mm." captionText-8="FIGURE 9. Dorsal aspect of tail of the holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, 258 mm (SVL)." captionText-9="FIGURE 10. Lateral aspect of tail of the holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, 258 mm (SVL)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937086" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937088" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937090" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937092" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937094" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937096" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937098" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937100" figureDoi-8="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937102" figureDoi-9="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937104" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3937086/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3937088/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3937090/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/3937092/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/3937094/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/3937096/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/3937098/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/3937100/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/3937102/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/3937104/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Figs. 1–10</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="30190367FFB7FFACD409FD221B16FD0B" box="[293,374,657,683]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="10.[151,239,1270,1294]" captionText="TABLE 1. Meristic and morphometric data for types and a referred specimen of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov. Measurements are in mm. For further details of landmarks of head scales see figure 2 and appendix II in Wickramasinghe et al. (2009)." pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Table 1</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="35816557FFB7FFACD5BBFD6A18DAFB67" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB7FFACD5BBFD6A197CFC9B" blockId="1.[151,1437,728,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<materialsCitation id="CDF33C81FFB7FFACD5BBFD6A197CFC9B" collectingDate="2018-09-28" collectingDateMax="2020-05-01" collectingDateMin="2018-09-28" collectionCode="NMSL-NH, R" collectorName="L. J. M. Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana" country="Sri Lanka" county="Matale District" elevation="1420" latitude="7.5274997" location="Riverstone" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="80.733604" municipality="Knuckles Massif" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Central" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD5BBFD6A1B6BFD53" bold="true" box="[151,267,729,755]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFB7FFACD5BBFD6A1B66FD53" box="[151,262,729,755]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="1B8AAE19FFB7FFACD438FD6A1BF4FD53" box="[276,404,729,755]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">NMSL-NH</collectionCode>
<date id="0925101CFFB7FFACD4B0FD6B187DFD53" box="[412,541,728,755]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" value="2020-05-01">
<collectingDate id="1961E9F4FFB7FFACD4B0FD6B187DFD53" box="[412,541,728,755]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" value="2020-05-01">2020.05.01</collectingDate>
</date>
, male, SVL
<quantity id="BA639B39FFB7FFACD781FD6B196CFD53" box="[685,780,728,755]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.58" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="258.0">258 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB7FFACD630FD6A19EBFD53" box="[796,907,729,755]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 2" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="4.[151,250,682,707]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,250,1975,2000]" captionStartId-2="5.[151,250,1114,1139]" captionTargetBox-0="[201,1387,181,656]" captionTargetBox-1="[201,1386,765,1950]" captionTargetBox-2="[157,1430,190,1080]" captionTargetId-0="figure@4.[201,1387,181,656]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[201,1386,765,1950]" captionTargetId-2="figure@5.[151,1436,181,1089]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Dorsolateral view at time of preservation of the holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, 258 mm (SVL)." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01: (A) dorsal, (B) ventral aspects of preserved specimen." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, head scalation: (A) dorsal, (B) lateral, (C) ventral aspects. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937088" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937090" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937092" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/3937088/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/3937090/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/3937092/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Figs. 2–4</figureCitation>
), collected from
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,
<collectingMunicipality id="9D40ACA6FFB7FFACD1FAFD6A1FF8FD53" box="[1238,1432,729,755]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Knuckles Massif</collectingMunicipality>
,
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,
<collectingRegion id="BF5FF83EFFB7FFACD462FD4E186EFCB7" box="[334,526,765,791]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Central" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Central Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="058C764CFFB7FFACD735FD4E18E7FCB7" box="[537,647,765,791]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
(
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,
<geoCoordinate id="18AF501BFFB7FFACD61AFD4E19A5FCB7" box="[822,965,765,791]" degrees="80" direction="east" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" precision="15" seconds="01" value="80.733604">80°44’01” E</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="F6B6D1EFFFB7FFACD6FEFD4E1EF7FCB7" box="[978,1175,765,791]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.42" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" unit="m" value="1420.0">
elevation
<quantity id="BA639B39FFB7FFACD113FD4E1EF7FCB7" box="[1087,1175,765,791]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.42" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" unit="m" value="1420.0">1420 m</quantity>
</elevation>
), by
<collectorName id="D06E530AFFB7FFACD1E3FD4E1A80FC9B" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">L.J.M. Wickramasinghe</collectorName>
and D.
<collectionCode id="1B8AAE19FFB7FFACD41EFC921B28FC9B" box="[306,328,801,827]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">R</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="D06E530AFFB7FFACD47EFC92186CFC9B" box="[338,524,801,827]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Vidanapathirana</collectorName>
, on
<date id="0925101CFFB7FFACD716FC921978FC9B" box="[570,792,801,827]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" value="2018-09-28">
<collectingDate id="1961E9F4FFB7FFACD716FC921978FC9B" box="[570,792,801,827]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" value="2018-09-28">28 September 2018</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB7FFACD5EBFCF618A5FC23" blockId="1.[151,1437,728,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<materialsCitation id="CDF33C81FFB7FFACD5EBFCF618A1FC23" collectingDate="2020-05-01" collectingDateMax="2020-05-02" collectingDateMin="2020-05-01" collectionCode="NMSL-NH" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD5EBFCF61BEDFCFF" bold="true" box="[199,397,836,863]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFB7FFACD5EBFCF61B5FFCFF" box="[199,319,837,863]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
(
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD463FCF61B3FFCFF" bold="true" box="[335,351,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
=2).
</emphasis>
Males,
<collectionCode id="1B8AAE19FFB7FFACD4CBFCF61807FCFF" box="[487,615,837,863]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">NMSL-NH</collectionCode>
<date id="0925101CFFB7FFACD741FCF7188EFCFF" box="[621,750,836,863]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" value="2020-05-02">
<collectingDate id="1961E9F4FFB7FFACD741FCF7188EFCFF" box="[621,750,836,863]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" value="2020-05-02">2020.05.02</collectingDate>
</date>
, SVL
<quantity id="BA639B39FFB7FFACD618FCF619F1FCFF" box="[820,913,837,863]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.43" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="143.0">143 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB7FFACD68CFCF61E43FCFF" box="[928,1059,836,863]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1937,1962]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Preserved paratypes Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., (A) dorsal, (B) ventral aspects of NMSL-NH 2020.05.02 (SVL 143 mm), and (C) dorsal, (D) ventral aspects of DWC2020.05.01 (SVL 154 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937094/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Fig. 5A&amp;B</figureCitation>
); DWC
<date id="0925101CFFB7FFACD156FCF71E99FCFF" box="[1146,1273,836,863]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" value="2020-05-01">
<collectingDate id="1961E9F4FFB7FFACD156FCF71E99FCFF" box="[1146,1273,836,863]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" value="2020-05-01">2020.05.01</collectingDate>
</date>
, SVL
<quantity id="BA639B39FFB7FFACD06CFCF71FFDFCFF" box="[1344,1437,836,863]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.54" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" unit="mm" value="154.0">154 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB7FFACD58CFCDA1B43FC23" box="[160,291,872,899]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1937,1962]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Preserved paratypes Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., (A) dorsal, (B) ventral aspects of NMSL-NH 2020.05.02 (SVL 143 mm), and (C) dorsal, (D) ventral aspects of DWC2020.05.01 (SVL 154 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937094/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Fig. 5C&amp;D</figureCitation>
); collection details same as
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFB7FFACD777FCDA18A1FC23" box="[603,705,873,899]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB7FFACD5EBFC3F18DAFB67" blockId="1.[151,1437,728,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD5EBFC3F1B97FC07" bold="true" box="[199,503,908,935]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
Referred specimen (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD495FC3E1BA9FC07" bold="true" box="[441,457,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">n</emphasis>
=1).
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="1B8AAE19FFB7FFACD4D2FC3E182BFC07" box="[510,587,909,935]" country="Sri Lanka" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9670-f832" name="National Museum of Sri Lanka" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">NMSL</collectionCode>
uncatalogued (previously Wildlife Heritage Trust) WHT 5786. This is considered a referred rather than
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFB7FFACD4F2FC02186EFC6B" box="[478,526,945,971]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">type</typeStatus>
specimen because we are doubtful of the locality data recorded in the draft, handwritten WHT catalogue available in the
<collectionCode id="1B8AAE19FFB7FFACD77BFC6618C8FC4F" box="[599,680,981,1007]" country="Sri Lanka" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9670-f832" name="National Museum of Sri Lanka" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">NMSL</collectionCode>
. This specimen is recorded in this catalogue as a
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB7FFACD1E1FC651F3FFC4F" baseAuthorityName="Hemprich" baseAuthorityYear="1820" box="[1229,1375,981,1007]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="homolepis">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD1E1FC651F3FFC4F" box="[1229,1375,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">R. homolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Pussellawa collected by M. Bahir and Krishan in 2002, but Pussellawa is in the biogeographically distinct Central Hills rather than the Knuckles Massif (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB7FFACD760FBAE18EEFB97" box="[588,654,1053,1079]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1945,1970]" captionTargetBox="[223,1365,194,1903]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[208,1379,179,1918]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of Sri Lanka showing the type locality of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., Riverstone (star), doubtful locality of referred specimen WHT5786, Pussellewa (square), and type locality of most similar congener, R. phillipsi, Gammaduwa (circle)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937086/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), and we doubt that the collectors would mistake the specimen for
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB7FFACD0A8FBAD1B6AFBFB" baseAuthorityName="Hemprich" baseAuthorityYear="1820" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="homolepis">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD0A8FBAD1B6AFBFB" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">R. homolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on their very different tail shield and colour pattern. Furthermore, although the specimen is similar to the three
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFB7FFACD432FBD61B39FBDF" box="[286,345,1125,1151]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">types</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB7FFACD4ACFBD5184AFBDF" authority="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower, 2020" authorityName="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[384,554,1125,1151]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gunasekarai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD4ACFBD5184AFBDF" box="[384,554,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">R. gunasekarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD71EFBD618ECFBDF" bold="true" box="[562,652,1125,1151]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54DC57B5FFB7FFACD71EFBD618ECFBDF" box="[562,652,1125,1151]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, it is likely a female (having only five rather than seven or eight subcaudals) but has a very similar number of ventrals (180) to the male
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFB7FFACD68DFB3A19BFFB03" box="[929,991,1161,1187]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">types</typeStatus>
, whereas in the most similar congeners females typically have more ventrals than males.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="35816557FFB7FFAFD5EBFB631930FD0B" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB7FFACD5EBFB631981FA3F" blockId="1.[151,1437,728,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD5EBFB631B22FB4B" bold="true" box="[199,322,1232,1259]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The new species is distinguished from its congeners by the combination of 17 dorsal scale rows at midbody; 177–182 ventrals (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB7FFACD4F2FB461821FAAF" box="[478,577,1269,1295]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1975,2000]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,765,1950]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[201,1386,765,1950]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01: (A) dorsal, (B) ventral aspects of preserved specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937090/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Figs. 3B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB7FFACD762FB4718FBFAAF" box="[590,667,1268,1295]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1937,1962]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Preserved paratypes Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., (A) dorsal, (B) ventral aspects of NMSL-NH 2020.05.02 (SVL 143 mm), and (C) dorsal, (D) ventral aspects of DWC2020.05.01 (SVL 154 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937094/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">5B&amp;D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB7FFACD784FB4618D8FAB0" box="[680,696,1269,1296]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1046,1071]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1020]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[164,1423,181,1020]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Ventral aspect at time of preservation of the holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, 258 mm(SVL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937096/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">6</figureCitation>
); a small to moderate tail shield covered with small homogenous spines in an approximately radial distribution; 17 yellow, longitudinal lines from slightly more than one head length behind head to level with vent, around body except on ventral scale row; dorsal, lateral and ventral regions of tail entirely blackish, without markings; a single irregular and uneven row of blotches on the ventrolateral surface of the body, visible in ventral view except on the anteriormost region of the body.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB7FFACD5EBFA1A1F4FF9F4" blockId="1.[151,1437,728,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB7FFACD5EBFA1A1BADFA63" authority="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower, 2020" authorityName="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[199,461,1449,1475]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gunasekarai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD5EBFA1A1BADFA63" box="[199,461,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Rhinophis gunasekarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD4FBFA1A1854FA63" bold="true" box="[471,564,1449,1475]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54DC57B5FFB7FFACD4FBFA1A1854FA63" box="[471,564,1449,1475]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
most closely resembles
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB7FFACD67EFA191EF6FA63" authority="(Nicholls, 1929)" baseAuthorityName="Nicholls" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[850,1174,1449,1475]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phillipsi">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD67EFA1919B0FA63" box="[850,976,1449,1475]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">R. phillipsi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="190A4B2DFFB7FFACD6CDFA1A1EEFFA63" author="Nicholls, L." box="[993,1167,1449,1475]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" pagination="153 - 155" refId="ref6805" refString="Nicholls, L. (1929) A new species of earth snake of the genus Silybura (Silybura phillipsi). Ceylon Journal of Science, 15, 153 - 155." type="journal article" year="1929">Nicholls, 1929</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, sharing dorsal yellow lines and lateral yellow blotches, and a relatively small tail shield. However, the new species differs from
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB7FFACD00FFA7D1FFCFA47" baseAuthorityName="Nicholls" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[1315,1436,1485,1511]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phillipsi">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD00FFA7D1FFCFA47" box="[1315,1436,1485,1511]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">R. phillipsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having 182 or fewer ventrals (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD72DFA411878F9AB" box="[513,536,1522,1547]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">vs</emphasis>
197 or more), lacking yellow lines on the tail (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD133FA411E56F9AB" box="[1055,1078,1522,1547]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">vs</emphasis>
present), lacking two larger and notably horizontally projected spines on the tail shield (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD628F9A5197BF98F" box="[772,795,1558,1583]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">vs</emphasis>
present), having more than 7 yellow lines along the body (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD58DF9891AD8F9F3" box="[161,184,1594,1619]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">vs</emphasis>
7 yellow lines), and in the yellow blotches on the body being visible in ventral aspect (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD1A6F9891EC1F9F3" box="[1162,1185,1594,1619]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">vs</emphasis>
not visible).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB7FFAFD5EBF9EE1911FF77" blockId="1.[151,1437,728,2015]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,153,1547]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
Among other
<collectingRegion id="BF5FF83EFFB7FFACD449F9EE1BE6F9D7" box="[357,390,1629,1655]" country="United Kingdom" name="Surrey" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">Sri</collectingRegion>
Lankan congeners,
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB7FFACD747F9ED1976F9D7" authority="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower, 2020" authorityName="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[619,790,1629,1655]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gunasekarai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD747F9ED1976F9D7" box="[619,790,1629,1655]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">R. gunasekarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD633F9EE1919F9D7" bold="true" box="[799,889,1629,1655]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54DC57B5FFB7FFACD633F9EE1919F9D7" box="[799,889,1629,1655]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, differs from
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB7FFACD134F9ED1F18F9D7" authority="(Kelaart, 1853)" baseAuthorityName="Kelaart" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[1048,1400,1628,1655]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="saffragamus">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD134F9ED1EA3F9D7" box="[1048,1219,1629,1655]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">R. saffragamus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="190A4B2DFFB7FFACD1FFF9EE1F10F9D7" author="Kelaart, E. F." box="[1235,1392,1628,1655]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" pagination="102 - 116" refId="ref6697" refString="Kelaart, E. F. (1853) Description of new or little-known species of reptiles collected in Ceylon. Journal of the Ceylon Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 22, 102 - 116." type="journal article" year="1853">Kelaart, 1853</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
by having a small, domed tail shield (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD733F9311856F93B" box="[543,566,1666,1691]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">vs</emphasis>
large and flat), nasal shields separated by rostral (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD15CF9311EE7F93B" box="[1136,1159,1666,1691]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">vs</emphasis>
nasal shields in contact, behind rostral), and by having dorsal scales in 17 rows (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD629F915197CF91F" box="[773,796,1702,1727]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">vs</emphasis>
19); from
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB7FFACD6B8F9151F22F91F" authority="Deraniyagala, 1941" authorityName="Deraniyagala" authorityYear="1941" box="[916,1346,1701,1727]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dorsimaculatus">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD6B8F9151E3FF91F" box="[916,1119,1701,1727]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">R. dorsimaculatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="190A4B2DFFB7FFACD149F9161F22F91F" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[1125,1346,1701,1727]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" pagination="800 - 802" refId="ref6093" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. (1941) A new fossorial snake (Rhinophis dorsimaculatus) from Ceylon. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 42 (4), 800 - 802." type="journal article" year="1941">Deraniyagala, 1941</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB7FFACD061F9151BABF943" authority="(Schneider, 1801)" baseAuthorityName="Schneider" baseAuthorityYear="1801" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oxyrhynchus">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD061F9151A9DF943" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">R. oxyrhynchus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="190A4B2DFFB7FFACD427F97A1BA3F943" author="Schneider, J. G." box="[267,451,1737,1763]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" refId="ref6912" refString="Schneider, J. G. (1801) Historiae Amphibiorum naturalis et literariae. Fasciculus secundus continens Crocodilos, Scincos, Chamaesauras, Boas. Pseudoboas, Elapes, Angues. Amphisbaenas et Caecilias. Frommanni, Jena, 374 pp." type="book" year="1801">Schneider, 1801</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB7FFACD4FAF9791880F943" authority="Wall, 1921" authorityName="Wall" authorityYear="1921" box="[470,736,1737,1763]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="porrectus">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD4FAF979183EF943" box="[470,606,1738,1763]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">R. porrectus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="190A4B2DFFB7FFACD749F97A1880F943" author="Wall, F." box="[613,736,1737,1763]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" refId="ref7149" refString="Wall, F. (1921) Ophidia Taprobanica or the snakes of Ceylon. Governmental Press, Colombo, 581 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 54947" type="book" year="1921">Wall, 1921</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB7FFACD7C7F9791E6BF943" authority="Muller, 1832" authorityName="Muller" authorityYear="1832" box="[747,1035,1737,1763]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD7C7F9791916F943" box="[747,886,1738,1763]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">R. punctatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="190A4B2DFFB7FFACD657F97A1E6BF943" author="Muller, J." box="[891,1035,1737,1763]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" pagination="190 - 275" refId="ref6780" refString="Muller, J. (1832) Beitrage zur Anatomie und Naturgeschichte der Amphibia. Zeitschrift fur Physiologie, 4, 190 - 275." type="journal article" year="1832">Müller, 1832</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB7FFACD16CF9791AB1F8A7" authority="Gower &amp; Maduwage, 2011" authorityName="Gower &amp; Maduwage" authorityYear="2011" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zigzag">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD16CF9791EC6F943" box="[1088,1190,1738,1763]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">R. zigzag</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="190A4B2DFFB7FFACD187F97A1AB1F8A7" author="Gower, D. J. &amp; Maduwage, K." pageId="1" pageNumber="66" pagination="51 - 68" refId="ref6324" refString="Gower, D. J. &amp; Maduwage, K. (2011) Two new species of Rhinophis Hemprich (Serpentes: Uropeltidae) from Sri Lanka. Zootaxa, 2881 (1), 51 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2881.1.4" type="journal article" year="2011">Gower &amp; Maduwage, 2011</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by having 200 or fewer ventrals (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD77EF95D1809F8A7" box="[594,617,1774,1799]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">vs</emphasis>
more than 207), and additionally from the former four species by having a moderate-sized tail shield (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD4F1F8A11B94F88B" box="[477,500,1810,1835]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">vs</emphasis>
relatively much larger tail shield); from
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB7FFACD693F8A11F15F88B" authority="Gower &amp; Maduwage, 2011" authorityName="Gower &amp; Maduwage" authorityYear="2011" box="[959,1397,1809,1835]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lineatus">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD693F8A11E58F88B" box="[959,1080,1809,1835]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">R. lineatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="190A4B2DFFB7FFACD113F8A21F15F88B" author="Gower, D. J. &amp; Maduwage, K." box="[1087,1397,1809,1835]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" pagination="51 - 68" refId="ref6324" refString="Gower, D. J. &amp; Maduwage, K. (2011) Two new species of Rhinophis Hemprich (Serpentes: Uropeltidae) from Sri Lanka. Zootaxa, 2881 (1), 51 - 68. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2881.1.4" type="journal article" year="2011">Gower &amp; Maduwage, 2011</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, by the presence of a row of blotches on the ventrolateral margin of the body (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD6E3F8851986F8EF" box="[975,998,1846,1871]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">vs</emphasis>
absent), absence of an irregular yellow lateral line on the tail (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD4BEF8E91BC9F8D3" box="[402,425,1882,1907]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">vs</emphasis>
present), a relatively shorter distance between rostral and frontal scales (18–20% of rostral length
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD5C8F8CD1A9BF837" box="[228,251,1918,1943]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">vs</emphasis>
0–14%), and perhaps by having fewer ventrals (177–182
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD6A8F8CD19FBF837" box="[900,923,1918,1943]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">vs</emphasis>
180–195 for known material); from
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB7FFACD01AF8CD1B53F81B" authority="Kelaart, 1853" authorityName="Kelaart" authorityYear="1853" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="blythii">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD01AF8CD1FFDF837" box="[1334,1437,1917,1943]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">R. blythii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="190A4B2DFFB7FFACD5BBF8121B53F81B" author="Kelaart, E. F." box="[151,307,1952,1979]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" pagination="102 - 116" refId="ref6697" refString="Kelaart, E. F. (1853) Description of new or little-known species of reptiles collected in Ceylon. Journal of the Ceylon Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 22, 102 - 116." type="journal article" year="1853">Kelaart, 1853</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB7FFACD412F8111F76F81B" authority="Wickramasinghe, Vidanapathirana, Wickramasinghe &amp; Ranwella, 2009" authorityName="Wickramasinghe, Vidanapathirana, Wickramasinghe &amp; Ranwella" authorityYear="2009" box="[318,1302,1953,1979]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erangaviraji">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD412F8111B8AF81B" box="[318,490,1954,1979]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">R. erangaviraji</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="190A4B2DFFB7FFACD4DDF8121F76F81B" author="Wickramasinghe, L. J. M. &amp; Vidanapathirana, D. R. &amp; Wickramasinghe, N. &amp; Ranwella, P. N." box="[497,1302,1953,1979]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref7254" refString="Wickramasinghe, L. J. M., Vidanapathirana, D. R. Wickramasinghe, N. &amp; Ranwella, P. N. (2009) A new species of Rhinophis Hemprich, 1820 (Reptilia: Serpentes: Uropeltidae) from Rakwana massif, Sri Lanka. Zootaxa, 2044 (1), 1 - 22. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2044.1.1" type="journal article" year="2009">Wickramasinghe, Vidanapathirana, Wickramasinghe &amp; Ranwella, 2009</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB7FFACD00DF8111B19F87F" authority="(Gray, 1858)" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1858" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanogaster">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD00DF8111ABDF87F" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">R. melanogaster</emphasis>
(Gray, 1858)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB7FFACD494F8751926F87F" authority="Deraniyagala, 1975" authorityName="Deraniyagala" authorityYear="1975" box="[440,838,1988,2015]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tricoloratus">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD494F875183DF87F" box="[440,605,1989,2015]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">R. tricoloratus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="190A4B2DFFB7FFACD74AF8761926F87F" author="Deraniyagala, P. E. P." box="[614,838,1988,2015]" pageId="1" pageNumber="66" pagination="535 - 536" refId="ref6132" refString="Deraniyagala, P. E. P. (1975) A new fossorial snake of the genus Rhinophis. Spolia Zeylanica, 33, 535 - 536." type="journal article" year="1975">Deraniyagala, 1975</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, in having 170 or more ventrals (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB7FFACD1EBF8751EBEF87F" box="[1223,1246,1990,2015]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="66">vs</emphasis>
fewer than 170) a moderate-sized tail shield (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD4CCFF291B97FF13" box="[480,503,154,179]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">vs</emphasis>
much larger tail shield), and from
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB4FFAFD6AAFF291E5EFF13" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[902,1086,153,179]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanogaster">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD6AAFF291E5EFF13" box="[902,1086,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">R. melanogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence of two notably large, horizontally projected spines on the tail shield (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD7DDFF0D1968FF77" box="[753,776,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">vs</emphasis>
present).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB4FFAFD5EBFF521E3BFE73" blockId="2.[151,1437,153,1547]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">
The ventral scale count in
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB4FFAFD4D9FF5118FFFF5B" authority="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower, 2020" authorityName="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[501,671,225,251]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gunasekarai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD4D9FF5118FFFF5B" box="[501,671,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">R. gunasekarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD784FF521963FF5B" bold="true" box="[680,771,225,251]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54DC57B5FFB4FFAFD784FF521963FF5B" box="[680,771,225,251]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is similar to or overlapping with that of
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB4FFAFD1FEFF511B75FEBF" authority="Wall, 1921" authorityName="Wall" authorityYear="1921" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="drummondhayi">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD1FEFF511FFDFF5B" box="[1234,1437,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">R. drummondhayi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="190A4B2DFFB4FFAFD5BBFEB61B75FEBF" author="Wall, F." box="[151,277,261,287]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" refId="ref7149" refString="Wall, F. (1921) Ophidia Taprobanica or the snakes of Ceylon. Governmental Press, Colombo, 581 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 54947" type="book" year="1921">Wall, 1921</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB4FFAFD40EFEB518EBFEBF" authority="(Hemprich, 1820)" baseAuthorityName="Hemprich" baseAuthorityYear="1820" box="[290,651,261,287]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="homolepis">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD40EFEB51BD6FEBF" box="[290,438,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">R. homolepis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="190A4B2DFFB4FFAFD4EAFEB618E3FEBF" author="Hemprich, F. W." box="[454,643,261,287]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" refId="ref6558" refString="Hemprich, F. W. (1820) Grundriss der Naturgeschichte fur hohere Lehranstalten. August Rucker, Berlin, 432 pp." type="book" year="1820">Hemprich, 1820</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB4FFAFD7E4FEB51E77FEBF" authority="(Cuvier, 1829)" baseAuthorityName="Cuvier" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[712,1047,261,287]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="philippinus">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD7E4FEB51907FEBF" box="[712,871,261,287]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">R. philippinus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="190A4B2DFFB4FFAFD65BFEB61E6FFEBF" author="Cuvier, G. J. L. N. F. D." box="[887,1039,261,287]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" refId="ref5895" refString="Cuvier, G. J. L. N. F. D. (1829) Le Regne Animal Distribue, d'apres son Organisation, pour servir de base a l'Histoire naturelle des Animaux et d'introduction a l'Anatomie Comparee. Les Reptiles. Deterville, Paris, 406 pp." type="book" year="1829">Cuvier, 1829</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. However, the new species differs from
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB4FFAFD5FAFE991BC0FEE3" authorityName="Wall" authorityYear="1921" box="[214,416,297,323]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="drummondhayi">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD5FAFE991BC0FEE3" box="[214,416,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">R. drummondhayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD708FE99185BFEE3" box="[548,571,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">vs</emphasis>
lacking) longitudinal narrow lines on the dorsum, lacking pale markings on the lateral surface of the tail (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD4CDFEFD1B98FEC7" box="[481,504,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">vs</emphasis>
present), and in having a narrow (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD656FEFD19F1FEC7" box="[890,913,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">vs</emphasis>
relatively much wider) tail shield; from
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB4FFAFD074FEFD1A8EFE2B" baseAuthorityName="Hemprich" baseAuthorityYear="1820" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="homolepis">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD074FEFD1A8EFE2B" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">R. homolepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the absence (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD487FEC11BA2FE2B" box="[427,450,370,395]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">vs</emphasis>
presence) of a conspicuous yellow band (1–2 scales wide) around the tail base and by a much less protuberant tail shield; and from
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB4FFAFD750FE251979FE0F" baseAuthorityName="Cuvier" baseAuthorityYear="1829" box="[636,793,405,431]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="philippinus">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD750FE251979FE0F" box="[636,793,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">R. philippinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD6F1FE251994FE0F" box="[989,1012,406,431]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">vs</emphasis>
absence) of pale longitudinal lines on the upper surface of the body, and by its much smaller and less protuberant tail shield.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB4FFAFD5EBFE6E1930FD0B" blockId="2.[151,1437,153,1547]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">
In addition to its colour pattern,
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB4FFAFD71AFE6E1959FE57" authority="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower, 2020" authorityName="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[566,825,477,503]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gunasekarai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD71AFE6E1959FE57" box="[566,825,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Rhinophis gunasekarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD66DFE6E19FBFE57" bold="true" box="[833,923,477,503]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54DC57B5FFB4FFAFD66DFE6E19FBFE57" box="[833,923,477,503]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
differs from all five Indian species of
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB4FFAFD07CFE6E1AA6FDBB" authorityName="Hemprich" authorityYear="1820" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD07CFE6E1AA6FDBB" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Rhinophis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a smaller and less protuberant tail shield. It differs further in having 177–182 ventrals (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD022FDB11F45FDBB" box="[1294,1317,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">vs</emphasis>
more than
<quantity id="BA639B39FFB4FFAFD5BBFD961ABEFD9F" box="[151,222,549,575]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" unit="in" value="200.0">200 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB4FFAFD5C9FD951816FD9F" authority="Aengals &amp; Ganesh, 2013" authorityName="Aengals &amp; Ganesh" authorityYear="2013" box="[229,630,549,575]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="goweri">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD5C9FD951B32FD9F" box="[229,338,550,575]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">R. goweri</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="190A4B2DFFB4FFAFD475FD961816FD9F" author="Aengals, R. &amp; Ganesh, S. R." box="[345,630,549,575]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" pagination="61 - 65" refId="ref5746" refString="Aengals, R. &amp; Ganesh, S. R. (2013) Rhinophis goweri - a new species of shieldtail snake from the southern Eastern Ghats, India. Russian Journal of Herpetology, 20 (1), 61 - 65." type="journal article" year="2013">Aengals &amp; Ganesh, 2013</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<quantity id="BA639B39FFB4FFAFD7AEFD9718A9FD9F" box="[642,713,548,575]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.953" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" unit="in" value="195.0">195 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB4FFAFD7FCFD951E31FD9F" authority="Boulenger, 1896" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1896" box="[720,1105,549,575]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fergusonianus">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD7FCFD9519EDFD9F" box="[720,909,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">R. fergusonianus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="190A4B2DFFB4FFAFD6B8FD961E31FD9F" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[916,1105,549,575]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" pagination="236" refId="ref5861" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1896) Description of a new earth snake from Travancore (Rhinophis fergusonianus). Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 10, 236." type="journal article" year="1896">Boulenger, 1896</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 150 or fewer in
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB4FFAFD03CFD951BF1FDC3" authority="Boulenger, 1893" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1893" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="travancoricus">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD03CFD951AAFFDC3" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">R. travancoricus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="190A4B2DFFB4FFAFD5F9FDFA1BF1FDC3" author="Boulenger, G. A." box="[213,401,585,611]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" pagination="318 - 319" refId="ref5827" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1893) Description of a new earth-snake from Travancore. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 7 (3), 318 - 319." type="journal article" year="1893">Boulenger, 1893</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<quantity id="BA639B39FFB4FFAFD4B0FDFA187AFDC3" box="[412,538,585,611]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7658" metricValueMax="5.9944" metricValueMin="5.5372" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" unit="in" value="227.0" valueMax="236.0" valueMin="218.0">218–236 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB4FFAFD70CFDF91F79FDC3" authority="Cyriac, Narayan, Sampaio, Umesh &amp; Gower, 2020" authorityName="Cyriac, Narayan, Sampaio, Umesh &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[544,1305,585,611]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanoleucus">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD70CFDF918B9FDC3" box="[544,729,585,611]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">R. melanoleucus</emphasis>
Cyriac, Narayan, Sampaio, Umesh &amp; Gower, 2020
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB4FFAFD007FDFA1B41FD27" authority="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower, 2020" authorityName="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gunasekarai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD007FDFA1B41FD27" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Rhinophis gunasekarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD407FDDE1BE6FD27" bold="true" box="[299,390,621,647]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54DC57B5FFB4FFAFD407FDDE1BE6FD27" box="[299,390,621,647]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
also differs from
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB4FFAFD77BFDDD19D5FD27" authority="Beddome, 1863" authorityName="Beddome" authorityYear="1863" box="[599,949,621,647]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sanguineus">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD77BFDDD1896FD27" box="[599,758,622,647]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">R. sanguineus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="190A4B2DFFB4FFAFD7D3FDDE19D5FD27" author="Beddome, R. H." box="[767,949,621,647]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" pagination="41 - 48" refId="ref5791" refString="Beddome, R. H. (1863) Further notes upon the snakes of the Madras Presidency; with descriptions of new species. Journal of Medical Science, 6, 41 - 48." type="journal article" year="1863">Beddome, 1863</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB4FFAFD6EFFDDD1EE2FD27" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1896" box="[963,1154,621,647]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fergusonianus">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD6EFFDDD19B4FD27" box="[963,980,622,647]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">R</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD6C8FDDE1EE2FD27" box="[996,1154,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">fergusonianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB4FFAFD190FDDD1F17FD27" authorityName="Cyriac, Narayan, Sampaio, Umesh &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[1212,1399,621,647]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanoleucus">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD190FDDD1EADFD27" box="[1212,1229,622,647]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">R</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD1F1FDDE1F17FD27" box="[1245,1399,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">melanoleucus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having 17 dorsal scale rows at or just behind midbody (
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD629FD21197CFD0B" box="[773,796,658,683]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">vs</emphasis>
15).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="35816557FFB4FFA7D5EBFD071ABDFEBF" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" type="description">
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB4FFAFD5EBFD071F4FFAF7" blockId="2.[151,1437,153,1547]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB4FFAFD5EBFD071B8AFD6F" bold="true" box="[199,490,692,719]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">
Description of
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFB4FFAFD450FD061B85FD6F" box="[380,485,693,719]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
A well preserved specimen in generally good condition. Somewhat dehydrated in parts including head. There is a small ventral incision into the coelom. Head small, snout pointed (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB4FFAFD1DCFD6A1F56FD53" box="[1264,1334,729,755]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1114,1139]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,190,1080]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,181,1089]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, head scalation: (A) dorsal, (B) lateral, (C) ventral aspects. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937092/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Rostral pointed, longer than wide, without dorsal crest, widest at level of anterior superior corner of first supralabials, 4.6 times longer (in dorsal view) than rostral-frontal gap. Frontal slightly longer and wider than rostral, irregularly hexagonal, longer than wide, lateral (ocular) margins slightly converging posteriorly, posterolateral margins straight, lateral (ocular) margin shortest, posterolateral edges longest (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB4FFAFD666FCDA19C5FC23" box="[842,933,873,899]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1114,1139]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,190,1080]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,181,1089]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, head scalation: (A) dorsal, (B) lateral, (C) ventral aspects. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937092/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
). A pair of nasals, separated from each other by posterior half of rostral; external naris small, subcircular, slightly countersunk within small depression, located in anteroventral corner of nasal; nasal in contact with first and second supralabials (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB4FFAFD169FC021EFEFC6B" box="[1093,1182,945,971]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1114,1139]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,190,1080]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,181,1089]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, head scalation: (A) dorsal, (B) lateral, (C) ventral aspects. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937092/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
). Prefrontals (for most of their length) in contact with each other along midline (left overlapping right), separating frontal from rostral. Prefrontals wider than long, shorter than frontal (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB4FFAFD7ECFC4A197CFBB3" box="[704,796,1017,1043]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1114,1139]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,190,1080]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,181,1089]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, head scalation: (A) dorsal, (B) lateral, (C) ventral aspects. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937092/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
). Four supralabials, first smallest, making least contribution to margin of mouth; fourth distinctly largest. Ocular in contact with third and fourth supralabials. Eye distinct, diameter approximately one third length of ocular, located near anteroventral corner of ocular, bulging slightly from ocular profile, pupil circular (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB4FFAFD4C8FBD6185DFBDF" box="[484,573,1125,1151]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1114,1139]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,190,1080]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,181,1089]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, head scalation: (A) dorsal, (B) lateral, (C) ventral aspects. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937092/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
). Paired parietals wider than long, shorter and wider than frontal, posteriorly broadly rounded, angle between posteromedial and posterolateral edges approximately 90°. Opposite parietals in brief midline contact, left overlapping right. Each parietal contacting four scales other than head shields (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB4FFAFD019FB1E1FF0FB67" box="[1333,1424,1197,1223]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1114,1139]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,190,1080]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,181,1089]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, head scalation: (A) dorsal, (B) lateral, (C) ventral aspects. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937092/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
). No mental groove; mental wider than long, smaller than infralabials, contacting first infralabials and single postmental (= first ventral). Three pairs of infralabials, second largest, third smallest. First to fourth ventrals longer than wide, fifth approximately as long as wide, sixth and subsequent ventrals wider than long (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB4FFAFD1B9FAAA1E8FFA93" box="[1173,1263,1305,1331]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1114,1139]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,190,1080]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,181,1089]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, head scalation: (A) dorsal, (B) lateral, (C) ventral aspects. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937092/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
). Six maxillary and five mandibular teeth on each side. Teeth simple, pointed, distinctly retrorse, straight, evenly spaced.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB4FFAFD5EBFAD21B09F9AB" blockId="2.[151,1437,153,1547]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">
Body subcylindrical (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB4FFAFD491FAD2186EFADB" box="[445,526,1377,1403]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,682,707]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,181,656]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[201,1387,181,656]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsolateral view at time of preservation of the holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, 258 mm (SVL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937088" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937088/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB4FFAFD73FFAD21841FADB" box="[531,545,1377,1403]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1975,2000]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,765,1950]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[201,1386,765,1950]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01: (A) dorsal, (B) ventral aspects of preserved specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937090/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">3</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB4FFAFD765FAD21839FADC" box="[585,601,1377,1404]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1046,1071]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1020]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[164,1423,181,1020]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Ventral aspect at time of preservation of the holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, 258 mm(SVL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937096/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">6</figureCitation>
). Body scales mostly evenly sized on dorsum and along body except for those involved in dorsal scale row reductions. Midline ventral scales between mental and anal of even size though anteriormost ones gradually narrow. Ventrals 182, posteriormost ventral notably smaller (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB4FFAFD1B1FA1A1E9FFA63" box="[1181,1279,1449,1475]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1975,2000]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,765,1950]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[201,1386,765,1950]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01: (A) dorsal, (B) ventral aspects of preserved specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937090/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Figs. 3B</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB4FFAFD005FA1A1F59FA64" box="[1321,1337,1449,1476]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1046,1071]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1020]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[164,1423,181,1020]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Ventral aspect at time of preservation of the holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, 258 mm(SVL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937096/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">6</figureCitation>
). Dorsal scale rows 19 anteriorly, reducing to 17 by level with 72
<superScript id="8AEE9B94FFB4FFAFD631FA7F194DFA7A" attach="left" box="[797,813,1484,1498]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">nd</superScript>
ventral and maintained along most of body; scale row reduction formula:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB4FFAFD5DBF98A1B07F9F3" blockId="2.[186,396,1592,1691]" box="[247,359,1592,1619]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">4 + 5 (72)</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB4FFAFD596F9EE1BECF9D7" blockId="2.[186,396,1592,1691]" box="[186,396,1629,1655]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">19 --------------- 17</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB4FFAFD5DBF9321B07F93B" blockId="2.[186,396,1592,1691]" box="[247,359,1664,1691]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">4 + 5 (71)</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB4FFAFD5BBF97A18ADF81B" blockId="2.[151,1437,1737,1979]" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">
Dorsal scale rows approximately 12 at base of tail. Head, body and tail scales macroscopically smooth. Paired anal scales (right overlying left) considerably larger than posteriormost ventrals and subcaudals. Distal margin of each anal overlapping three other scales in addition to anteriormost subcaudals. Seven subcaudals, first, second and seventh paired (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB4FFAFD466F8861BEFF8EF" box="[330,399,1845,1871]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1993,2018]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,1128,1967]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[164,1423,1128,1967]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ventral aspect of tail of the holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, 258 mm (SVL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937098/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). Tail shield pointed in dorsal (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB4FFAFD7C3F8861928F8EF" box="[751,840,1845,1871]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1078,1103]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,183,1052]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[176,1411,181,1052]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. Tail shield of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01: (A) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C) posterior, (D) lateral aspects. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937100/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
) and ventral aspects (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB4FFAFD112F8861EF6F8EF" box="[1086,1174,1845,1871]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1078,1103]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,183,1052]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[176,1411,181,1052]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. Tail shield of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01: (A) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C) posterior, (D) lateral aspects. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937100/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
). In posterior view, tail shield suboval (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB4FFAFD46AF8EA1BFCF8D3" box="[326,412,1881,1907]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1078,1103]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,183,1052]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[176,1411,181,1052]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. Tail shield of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01: (A) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C) posterior, (D) lateral aspects. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937100/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
), taller than wide (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB4FFAFD740F8EA18A6F8D3" box="[620,710,1881,1907]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1078,1103]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,183,1052]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[176,1411,181,1052]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. Tail shield of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01: (A) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C) posterior, (D) lateral aspects. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937100/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
). Shield surface covered with small, more or less subequal spines in approximately radial distribution. Most of perimeter of shield with a thin, glossy, spineless margin (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFB4FFAFD1D1F8CE1F21F837" box="[1277,1345,1917,1943]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1078,1103]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,183,1052]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[176,1411,181,1052]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 8. Tail shield of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01: (A) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C) posterior, (D) lateral aspects. Scale bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937100/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="67">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Shield surrounded by 13 scales including last subcaudals.
</paragraph>
<caption id="29E46654FFB5FFAED5BBF82A1A87F85A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937086" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3937086" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937086/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" startId="3.[151,250,1945,1970]" targetBox="[223,1365,194,1903]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB5FFAED5BBF82A1A87F85A" blockId="3.[151,1437,1945,2042]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB5FFAED5BBF82A1B74F812" bold="true" box="[151,276,1945,1970]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Map of Sri Lanka showing the type locality of
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB5FFAED7D1F8291987F812" authority="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower, 2020" authorityName="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[765,999,1946,1970]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gunasekarai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB5FFAED7D1F8291987F812" box="[765,999,1946,1970]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">Rhinophis gunasekarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB5FFAED6C3F8291E20F812" bold="true" box="[1007,1088,1946,1970]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54DC57B5FFB5FFAED6C3F8291E20F812" box="[1007,1088,1946,1970]" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, Riverstone (star), doubtful locality of referred specimen WHT5786, Pussellewa (square), and type locality of most similar congener,
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB5FFAED1B5F80D1FFCF876" authority=", Gammaduwa" authorityName="Gammaduwa" box="[1177,1436,1981,2006]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="68" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="phillipsi">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB5FFAED1B5F80D1F68F876" box="[1177,1288,1982,2006]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="68">R. phillipsi</emphasis>
, Gammaduwa
</taxonomicName>
(circle).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="29E46654FFB2FFA9D5BBFD191B59FD47" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937088" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3937088" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937088/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" startId="4.[151,250,682,707]" targetBox="[201,1387,181,656]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB2FFA9D5BBFD191B59FD47" blockId="4.[151,1436,682,743]" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB2FFA9D5BBFD191B71FD63" bold="true" box="[151,273,682,707]" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Dorsolateral view at time of preservation of the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB2FFA9D649FD181E2DFD63" authority="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower, 2020" authorityName="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[869,1101,683,707]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gunasekarai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB2FFA9D649FD181E2DFD63" box="[869,1101,683,707]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">Rhinophis gunasekarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB2FFA9D17EFD181EC1FD63" bold="true" box="[1106,1185,683,707]" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54DC57B5FFB2FFA9D17EFD181EC1FD63" box="[1106,1185,683,707]" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, 258 mm (SVL).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="29E46654FFB2FFA9D5BBF8041A9EF854" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3937090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937090/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" startId="4.[151,250,1975,2000]" targetBox="[201,1386,765,1950]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB2FFA9D5BBF8041A9EF854" blockId="4.[151,1436,1975,2036]" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB2FFA9D5BBF8041B75F870" bold="true" box="[151,277,1975,2000]" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB2FFA9D432F80B186BF870" authority="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower, 2020" authorityName="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[286,523,1976,2000]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gunasekarai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB2FFA9D432F80B186BF870" box="[286,523,1976,2000]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">Rhinophis gunasekarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB2FFA9D738F80B1807F870" bold="true" box="[532,615,1976,2000]" pageId="4" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54DC57B5FFB2FFA9D738F80B1807F870" box="[532,615,1976,2000]" pageId="4" pageNumber="69" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01: (A) dorsal, (B) ventral aspects of preserved specimen.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="29E46654FFB3FFA8D5BBFBE91833FB36" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937092" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3937092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937092/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" startId="5.[151,250,1114,1139]" targetBox="[157,1430,190,1080]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB3FFA8D5BBFBE91833FB36" blockId="5.[151,1436,1114,1175]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB3FFA8D5BBFBE91B76FBD3" bold="true" box="[151,278,1114,1139]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Holotype of
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB3FFA8D489FBE818F1FBD3" authority="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower, 2020" authorityName="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[421,657,1115,1139]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gunasekarai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB3FFA8D489FBE818F1FBD3" box="[421,657,1115,1139]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Rhinophis gunasekarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB3FFA8D7B7FBE8188EFBD3" bold="true" box="[667,750,1115,1139]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54DC57B5FFB3FFA8D7B7FBE8188EFBD3" box="[667,750,1115,1139]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, head scalation: (A) dorsal, (B) lateral, (C) ventral aspects. Scale bar 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="29E46654FFB3FFA8D5BBF8221E71F86E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937094" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3937094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937094/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" startId="5.[151,250,1937,1962]" targetBox="[151,1436,1197,1912]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB3FFA8D5BBF8221E71F86E" blockId="5.[151,1436,1937,1998]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB3FFA8D5BBF8221B75F80A" bold="true" box="[151,277,1937,1962]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Preserved paratypes
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB3FFA8D4D8F8211881F80A" authority="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower, 2020" authorityName="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[500,737,1938,1962]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gunasekarai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB3FFA8D4D8F8211881F80A" box="[500,737,1938,1962]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">Rhinophis gunasekarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB3FFA8D7C6F821195DF80A" bold="true" box="[746,829,1938,1962]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54DC57B5FFB3FFA8D7C6F821195DF80A" box="[746,829,1938,1962]" pageId="5" pageNumber="70" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, (A) dorsal, (B) ventral aspects of NMSL-NH 2020.05.02 (SVL 143 mm), and (C) dorsal, (D) ventral aspects of DWC2020.05.01 (SVL 154 mm).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="29E46654FFB0FFABD5BBFBA51B53FBF2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937096" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3937096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937096/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="71" startId="6.[151,250,1046,1071]" targetBox="[164,1423,181,1020]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB0FFABD5BBFBA51B53FBF2" blockId="6.[151,1436,1046,1107]" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB0FFABD5BBFBA51B73FB8F" bold="true" box="[151,275,1046,1071]" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
Ventral aspect at time of preservation of the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB0FFABD676FBA51E24FB8E" authority="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower, 2020" authorityName="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[858,1092,1046,1070]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="71" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gunasekarai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB0FFABD676FBA51E24FB8E" box="[858,1092,1046,1070]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">Rhinophis gunasekarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB0FFABD167FBA51EFCFB8E" bold="true" box="[1099,1180,1046,1070]" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54DC57B5FFB0FFABD167FBA51EFCFB8E" box="[1099,1180,1046,1070]" pageId="6" pageNumber="71" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, 258 mm(SVL).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="29E46654FFB0FFABD5BBF87A1FF4F842" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937098" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3937098" box="[151,1428,1993,2018]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937098/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="71" startId="6.[151,250,1993,2018]" targetBox="[164,1423,1128,1967]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB0FFABD5BBF87A1FF4F842" blockId="6.[151,1428,1993,2018]" box="[151,1428,1993,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB0FFABD5BBF87A1B73F842" bold="true" box="[151,275,1993,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
Ventral aspect of tail of the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB0FFABD787F87A19F5F841" authority="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower, 2020" authorityName="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[683,917,1993,2017]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="6" pageNumber="71" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gunasekarai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB0FFABD787F87A19F5F841" box="[683,917,1993,2017]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">Rhinophis gunasekarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB0FFABD6B0F879198CF842" bold="true" box="[924,1004,1994,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54DC57B5FFB0FFABD6B0F879198CF842" box="[924,1004,1994,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="71" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, 258 mm (SVL).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="29E46654FFB1FFAAD5BBFB851852FBD2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937100" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3937100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937100/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" startId="7.[151,250,1078,1103]" targetBox="[177,1409,183,1052]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB1FFAAD5BBFB851852FBD2" blockId="7.[151,1436,1078,1139]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB1FFAAD5BBFB851B73FBEF" bold="true" box="[151,275,1078,1103]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
Tail shield of
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB1FFAAD48FFB8518EDFBEE" authority="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower, 2020" authorityName="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[419,653,1078,1102]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gunasekarai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB1FFAAD48FFB8518EDFBEE" box="[419,653,1078,1102]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">Rhinophis gunasekarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB1FFAAD7B8FB851884FBEE" bold="true" box="[660,740,1078,1102]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54DC57B5FFB1FFAAD7B8FB851884FBEE" box="[660,740,1078,1102]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01: (A) dorsal, (B) ventral, (C) posterior, (D) lateral aspects. Scale bar 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="29E46654FFB1FFAAD5BBF86B1FEFF851" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937102" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3937102" box="[151,1423,2008,2033]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937102/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" startId="7.[151,250,2008,2033]" targetBox="[177,1411,1160,1982]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFB1FFAAD5BBF86B1FEFF851" blockId="7.[151,1423,2008,2033]" box="[151,1423,2008,2033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB1FFAAD5BBF86B1B73F851" bold="true" box="[151,275,2008,2033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
Dorsal aspect of tail of the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFB1FFAAD78AF86A19F0F851" authority="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower, 2020" authorityName="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[678,912,2009,2033]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gunasekarai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB1FFAAD78AF86A19F0F851" box="[678,912,2009,2033]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">Rhinophis gunasekarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFB1FFAAD6BBF86A1987F851" bold="true" box="[919,999,2009,2033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54DC57B5FFB1FFAAD6BBF86A1987F851" box="[919,999,2009,2033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="72" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, 258 mm (SVL).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="29E46654FFBEFFA5D5BBFBB61ABFFBE2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937104" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3937104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937104/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" startId="8.[151,250,1029,1054]" targetBox="[177,1411,181,1003]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFBEFFA5D5BBFBB61ABFFBE2" blockId="8.[151,1436,1029,1090]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBEFFA5D5BBFBB61B44FBBE" bold="true" box="[151,292,1029,1054]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
Lateral aspect of tail of the holotype of
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFBEFFA5D7CFFBB619B1FBBD" authority="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower, 2020" authorityName="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[739,977,1029,1053]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gunasekarai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBEFFA5D7CFFBB619B1FBBD" box="[739,977,1029,1053]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">Rhinophis gunasekarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBEFFA5D6F0FBB51E51FBBE" bold="true" box="[988,1073,1030,1054]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54DC57B5FFBEFFA5D6F0FBB51E51FBBE" box="[988,1073,1030,1054]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, 258 mm (SVL).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFBEFFA5D5EBFBDC180CFA52" blockId="8.[151,1437,1135,2026]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBEFFA5D5EBFBDC1BFBFB2A" bold="true" box="[199,411,1135,1162]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">Coloration in life.</emphasis>
Body background dark, blackish rather than the more greyish appearance of the somewhat dehydrated specimen at time of preservation. Seventeen yellow lines from approximately two head lengths behind snout tip to level of vent, distributed evenly around body excluding ventral scale row. Yellow lines narrow, running through centres of body scales (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFBEFFA5D4D0FB6F1821FB56" box="[508,577,1244,1270]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,682,707]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,181,656]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[201,1387,181,656]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsolateral view at time of preservation of the holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, 258 mm (SVL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937088" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937088/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
), most prominent dorsally and anteriorly, fading toward posterior and venter (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFBEFFA5D5B3FAB31A91FABB" box="[159,241,1280,1307]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1046,1071]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1020]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[164,1423,181,1020]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Ventral aspect at time of preservation of the holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, 258 mm(SVL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937096/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
). Single row of conspicuous yellow blotches on ventrolateral surface of body, beginning from two head lengths behind snout tip to level with vent. On right hand side (RHS), anteriormost blotch is on the 6
<superScript id="8AEE9B94FFBEFFA5D1D9FA901F62FA91" attach="left" box="[1269,1282,1315,1329]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">th</superScript>
and 7
<superScript id="8AEE9B94FFBEFFA5D069FA901F32FA91" attach="left" box="[1349,1362,1315,1329]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">th</superScript>
dorsal scale rows approximately level with 6
<superScript id="8AEE9B94FFBEFFA5D76CFAF4182DFAF5" attach="left" box="[576,589,1351,1365]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">th</superScript>
vertebral scale; on the left hand side (LHS), anteriormost blotch is approximately level with the 7
<superScript id="8AEE9B94FFBEFFA5D4B5FAD81BC6FAD9" attach="left" box="[409,422,1387,1401]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">th</superScript>
vertebral scale. Blotches irregularly arranged, uneven in size (1–3 scales wide; 2–3 scales tall), anteriormost two blotches more dorsally placed, gradually becoming more lateral in orientation (10
<superScript id="8AEE9B94FFBEFFA5D06DFA3C1F2EFA3D" attach="left" box="[1345,1358,1423,1437]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">th</superScript>
blotch on the 4
<superScript id="8AEE9B94FFBEFFA5D5DEFA001A9FFA61" attach="left" box="[242,255,1459,1473]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">th</superScript>
dorsal scale row, by mid-body on the 2
<superScript id="8AEE9B94FFBEFFA5D797FA0018ABFA61" attach="left" box="[699,715,1459,1473]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">nd</superScript>
and 3
<superScript id="8AEE9B94FFBEFFA5D63CFA00197EFA61" attach="left" box="[784,798,1459,1473]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">rd</superScript>
or on the 2
<superScript id="8AEE9B94FFBEFFA5D6B3FA0019CFFA61" attach="none" box="[927,943,1459,1473]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">nd</superScript>
, 3
<superScript id="8AEE9B94FFBEFFA5D6E7FA0019B9FA61" attach="left" box="[971,985,1459,1473]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">rd</superScript>
and 4
<superScript id="8AEE9B94FFBEFFA5D132FA001E4BFA61" attach="none" box="[1054,1067,1459,1473]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">th</superScript>
, or on the 3
<superScript id="8AEE9B94FFBEFFA5D19EFA001EA0FA61" attach="left" box="[1202,1216,1459,1473]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">rd</superScript>
and 4
<superScript id="8AEE9B94FFBEFFA5D029FA001F72FA61" attach="left" box="[1285,1298,1459,1473]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">th</superScript>
dorsal scale rows). RHS with 35 blotches, 32 on LHS.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFBEFFA5D5EBFA4F1FECF9FE" blockId="8.[151,1437,1135,2026]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">
Five yellow blotches irregularly placed on anterior of venter midline, from 13
<superScript id="8AEE9B94FFBEFFA5D130FA481E49F9A9" attach="left" box="[1052,1065,1531,1545]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">th</superScript>
to 36
<superScript id="8AEE9B94FFBEFFA5D14BFA481E14F9A9" attach="left" box="[1127,1140,1531,1545]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">th</superScript>
ventral scale (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFBEFFA5D03FFA4F1F37F9B7" box="[1299,1367,1532,1559]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1046,1071]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,181,1020]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[164,1423,181,1020]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Ventral aspect at time of preservation of the holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, 258 mm(SVL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937096/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Posteriormost ventral and centers of divided anal scales forming a conspicuous yellow mark. Dorsal (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFBEFFA5D1E9F9931F67F99A" box="[1221,1287,1568,1594]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="7.[151,250,2008,2033]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,1160,1982]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[177,1411,1160,1982]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 9. Dorsal aspect of tail of the holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, 258 mm (SVL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937102/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
), lateral (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFBEFFA5D05CF9931AD3F9FE" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1029,1054]" captionTargetBox="[177,1411,181,1003]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[177,1411,181,1003]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 10. Lateral aspect of tail of the holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, 258 mm (SVL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937104" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937104/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
) and ventral (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFBEFFA5D467F9F71BECF9FE" box="[331,396,1604,1630]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1993,2018]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,1128,1967]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[164,1423,1128,1967]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 7. Ventral aspect of tail of the holotype of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., NMSL-NH 2020.05.01, 258 mm (SVL)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937098/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
) aspects of tail entirely dark with no pale markings. Tail shield brownish, paler towards apex.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFBEFFA5D5EBF9D41F21F906" blockId="8.[151,1437,1135,2026]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBEFFA5D5EBF9D41BA8F922" bold="true" box="[199,456,1639,1666]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">Coloration in alcohol.</emphasis>
The colouration in life is persists after 1.5 years in preservative, with a little fading (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFBEFFA5D043F9DB1AC7F906" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1975,2000]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,765,1950]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[201,1386,765,1950]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01: (A) dorsal, (B) ventral aspects of preserved specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937090/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
): with the blackish coloration becoming dark brown (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFBEFFA5D62DF93F193BF906" box="[769,859,1676,1702]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1975,2000]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,765,1950]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[201,1386,765,1950]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01: (A) dorsal, (B) ventral aspects of preserved specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937090/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
), and yellow becoming off white (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFBEFFA5D1F0F93F1F53F906" box="[1244,1331,1676,1702]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1975,2000]" captionTargetBox="[201,1386,765,1950]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[201,1386,765,1950]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., holotype NMSL-NH 2020.05.01: (A) dorsal, (B) ventral aspects of preserved specimen." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937090/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFBEFFA5D5EBF91C1E17F896" blockId="8.[151,1437,1135,2026]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBEFFA5D5EBF91C1BF4F96A" bold="true" box="[199,404,1711,1738]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">Variation among</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="CDF33C81FFBEFFA5D4B3F9031E13F896" collectingDate="2020-05-01" collectionCode="LHS, RHS" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBEFFA5D4B3F903187DF96A" bold="true" box="[415,541,1712,1738]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFBEFFA5D4B3F9031877F96A" box="[415,535,1712,1738]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
See
<tableCitation id="30190367FFBEFFA5D777F90318D2F96A" box="[603,690,1712,1738]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="10.[151,239,1270,1294]" captionText="TABLE 1. Meristic and morphometric data for types and a referred specimen of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov. Measurements are in mm. For further details of landmarks of head scales see figure 2 and appendix II in Wickramasinghe et al. (2009)." pageId="8" pageNumber="73">Table 1</tableCitation>
for meristic and morphometric data. Condition generally good. DWC
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<collectingDate id="1961E9F4FFBEFFA5D5F6F9601B39F94E" box="[218,345,1747,1774]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" value="2020-05-01">2020.05.01</collectingDate>
</date>
, SVL
<quantity id="BA639B39FFBEFFA5D48EF9601860F94E" box="[418,512,1747,1774]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.54" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" unit="mm" value="154.0">154 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFBEFFA5D73CF96718F4F94E" box="[528,660,1747,1774]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1937,1962]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Preserved paratypes Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., (A) dorsal, (B) ventral aspects of NMSL-NH 2020.05.02 (SVL 143 mm), and (C) dorsal, (D) ventral aspects of DWC2020.05.01 (SVL 154 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937094/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">Fig. 5C&amp;D</figureCitation>
), with some scales damaged by injury at three positions in region of mid-body (level with vertebral scales 36–41, 57–58 on
<collectionCode id="1B8AAE19FFBEFFA5D627F94B1920F8B2" box="[779,832,1784,1810]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">LHS</collectionCode>
and 59–60
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on
<collectionCode id="1B8AAE19FFBEFFA5D6DBF94B1E4FF8B2" box="[1015,1071,1784,1810]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b13i-fg9i" name="Plant Pathology, The Royal Horticultural Society" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">RHS</collectionCode>
) (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFBEFFA5D16BF94B1EC1F8B2" box="[1095,1185,1783,1810]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1937,1962]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Preserved paratypes Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., (A) dorsal, (B) ventral aspects of NMSL-NH 2020.05.02 (SVL 143 mm), and (C) dorsal, (D) ventral aspects of DWC2020.05.01 (SVL 154 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937094/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
). Longitudinal ventral incision into coelom from 20
<superScript id="8AEE9B94FFBEFFA5D4F0F8A81B89F889" attach="left" box="[476,489,1819,1833]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">th</superScript>
to 67
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ventral scale, to examine internal organs (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFBEFFA5D13CF8AF1E09F896" box="[1040,1129,1819,1846]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1937,1962]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Preserved paratypes Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., (A) dorsal, (B) ventral aspects of NMSL-NH 2020.05.02 (SVL 143 mm), and (C) dorsal, (D) ventral aspects of DWC2020.05.01 (SVL 154 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937094/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFBEFFA4D5EBF8F3182EFF5B" blockId="8.[151,1437,1135,2026]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1436,152,251]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">
<materialsCitation id="CDF33C81FFBEFFA5D5EBF8F318CFF866" collectingDate="2020-05-01" collectingDateMax="2020-05-02" collectingDateMin="2020-05-01" collectionCode="DWC, NMSL-NH" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" specimenCount="6" typeStatus="paratype">
Both
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFBEFFA5D42AF8F31B11F8FA" box="[262,369,1856,1882]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
smaller than
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFBEFFA5D721F8F31813F8FA" box="[525,627,1856,1882]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. Scalation very similar to that of
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFBEFFA5D6C2F8F31E30F8FA" box="[1006,1104,1856,1882]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<tableCitation id="30190367FFBEFFA5D14CF8F31ED5F8FA" box="[1120,1205,1856,1882]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="10.[151,239,1270,1294]" captionText="TABLE 1. Meristic and morphometric data for types and a referred specimen of Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov. Measurements are in mm. For further details of landmarks of head scales see figure 2 and appendix II in Wickramasinghe et al. (2009)." pageId="8" pageNumber="73">Table 1</tableCitation>
); reduction from 19 to 17 dorsal scale rows occurring by 36
<superScript id="8AEE9B94FFBEFFA5D77FF8D01800F8D1" attach="left" box="[595,608,1891,1905]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">th</superScript>
(
<collectionCode id="1B8AAE19FFBEFFA5D743F8D018D2F8DE" box="[623,690,1891,1918]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14734" name="West Chester University" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" type="Herbarium">DWC</collectionCode>
<date id="0925101CFFBEFFA5D79EF8D01952F8DE" box="[690,818,1891,1918]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" value="2020-05-01">
<collectingDate id="1961E9F4FFBEFFA5D79EF8D01952F8DE" box="[690,818,1891,1918]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" value="2020-05-01">2020.05.01</collectingDate>
</date>
) and 64
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(
<collectionCode id="1B8AAE19FFBEFFA5D684F8D71E49F8DE" box="[936,1065,1892,1918]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">NMSL-NH</collectionCode>
<date id="0925101CFFBEFFA5D11DF8D01ED1F8DE" box="[1073,1201,1891,1918]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" value="2020-05-02">
<collectingDate id="1961E9F4FFBEFFA5D11DF8D01ED1F8DE" box="[1073,1201,1891,1918]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" value="2020-05-02">2020.05.02</collectingDate>
</date>
) ventral. Colour pattern very similar to
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFBEFFA5D45AF83B1BBBF802" box="[374,475,1928,1954]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, with minor variations.
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFBEFFA5D7CBF83B1934F802" box="[743,852,1928,1954]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
less dehydrated than
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFBEFFA5D164F83B1ECDF802" box="[1096,1197,1928,1954]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, so body background colour more black than grey. DWC
<date id="0925101CFFBEFFA5D71CF81818CFF866" box="[560,687,1963,1990]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" value="2020-05-01">
<collectingDate id="1961E9F4FFBEFFA5D71CF81818CFF866" box="[560,687,1963,1990]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" value="2020-05-01">2020.05.01</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="CDF33C81FFBEFFA5D791F81F1E72F84A" collectingDate="2020-05-02" collectionCode="RHS, LHS, NMSL-NH" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
has
<collectionCode id="1B8AAE19FFBEFFA5D7C0F81F1946F866" box="[748,806,1964,1990]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b13i-fg9i" name="Plant Pathology, The Royal Horticultural Society" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">RHS</collectionCode>
:28 and
<collectionCode id="1B8AAE19FFBEFFA5D6AEF81819DAF866" box="[898,954,1963,1990]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">LHS</collectionCode>
:25 blotches, the anteriormost blotch level with 5
<superScript id="8AEE9B94FFBEFFA5D5F2F87C1A8BF87D" attach="left" box="[222,235,1999,2013]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">th</superScript>
vertebral on
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and 6
<superScript id="8AEE9B94FFBEFFA5D4D7F87C1868F87D" attach="left" box="[507,520,1999,2013]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">th</superScript>
on
<collectionCode id="1B8AAE19FFBEFFA5D71EF8631807F84A" box="[562,615,2000,2026]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">LHS</collectionCode>
(
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFBEFFA5D75BF863189AF84A" box="[631,762,1999,2026]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1937,1962]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Preserved paratypes Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., (A) dorsal, (B) ventral aspects of NMSL-NH 2020.05.02 (SVL 143 mm), and (C) dorsal, (D) ventral aspects of DWC2020.05.01 (SVL 154 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937094/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">Fig. 5C&amp;D</figureCitation>
).
<collectionCode id="1B8AAE19FFBEFFA5D622F86319EEF84A" box="[782,910,2000,2026]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">NMSL-NH</collectionCode>
<date id="0925101CFFBEFFA5D6B8F87C1E72F84A" box="[916,1042,1999,2026]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" value="2020-05-02">
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</date>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="CDF33C81FFBEFFA4D136F863182AFF5B" collectingDate="2020-05-01" collectionCode="RHS, LHS" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="8" pageNumber="73" specimenCount="3" typeStatus="paratype">
has
<collectionCode id="1B8AAE19FFBEFFA5D16AF8631EE3F84A" box="[1094,1155,2000,2026]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b13i-fg9i" name="Plant Pathology, The Royal Horticultural Society" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">RHS</collectionCode>
:31,
<collectionCode id="1B8AAE19FFBEFFA5D183F8631E87F84A" box="[1199,1255,2000,2026]" pageId="8" pageNumber="73">LHS</collectionCode>
:29 blotches, the first blotch level with the 4
<superScript id="8AEE9B94FFBFFFA4D4E9FF2B1BB2FF06" attach="left" box="[453,466,152,166]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="74">th</superScript>
vertebral on both sides (
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFBFFFA4D7C9FF2A1908FF13" box="[741,872,152,179]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1937,1962]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Preserved paratypes Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., (A) dorsal, (B) ventral aspects of NMSL-NH 2020.05.02 (SVL 143 mm), and (C) dorsal, (D) ventral aspects of DWC2020.05.01 (SVL 154 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937094/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="74">Fig. 5A&amp;B</figureCitation>
). Some yellow blotches in
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFBFFFA4D1BAFF2A1F61FF13" box="[1174,1281,153,179]" pageId="9" pageNumber="74" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
larger than in
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFBFFFA4D5BBFF0E1A9CFF77" box="[151,252,189,215]" pageId="9" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, up to four scales wide. Some yellow blotches more dorsal than in
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFBFFFA4D6D9FF0E1E3AFF77" box="[1013,1114,189,215]" pageId="9" pageNumber="74" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, up to dorsal scale rows 6–8 anteriorly on
<collectionCode id="1B8AAE19FFBFFFA4D402FF521B03FF5B" box="[302,355,225,251]" pageId="9" pageNumber="74">LHS</collectionCode>
in DWC
<date id="0925101CFFBFFFA4D4E6FF53182AFF5B" box="[458,586,224,251]" pageId="9" pageNumber="74" value="2020-05-01">
<collectingDate id="1961E9F4FFBFFFA4D4E6FF53182AFF5B" box="[458,586,224,251]" pageId="9" pageNumber="74" value="2020-05-01">2020.05.01</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="29E46654FFBFFFA4D5BBF8031B02F84C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937106" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3937106" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937106/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="74" startId="9.[151,250,1968,1993]" targetBox="[430,1158,273,1942]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFBFFFA4D5BBF8031B02F84C" blockId="9.[151,1436,1968,2029]" pageId="9" pageNumber="74">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBFFFA4D5BBF8031B7FF869" bold="true" box="[151,287,1968,1993]" pageId="9" pageNumber="74">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
Holotype of
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFBFFFA4D484F8031802F868" box="[424,610,1968,1992]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="9" pageNumber="74" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="philipsi">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBFFFA4D484F8031802F868" box="[424,610,1968,1992]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="74">Rhinophis philipsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, BMNH 1946.1.17.2 (formerly 29.2.5.1). Scale bar increments 1 mm. Photos by H. Taylor (BMNH).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFBCFFA7D5EBFF2A1ABDFEBF" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1223]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">
<materialsCitation id="CDF33C81FFBCFFA7D5EBFF2A1AB9FEBF" collectingDate="2020-05-01" collectingDateMax="2020-05-02" collectingDateMin="2020-05-01" collectionCode="NMSL-NH" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="paratype">
Several anteriormost ventrals whitish in both
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFBCFFA7D794FF2A1943FF13" box="[696,803,153,179]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFBCFFA7D61DFF2A19DEFF13" box="[817,958,152,179]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1937,1962]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Preserved paratypes Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., (A) dorsal, (B) ventral aspects of NMSL-NH 2020.05.02 (SVL 143 mm), and (C) dorsal, (D) ventral aspects of DWC2020.05.01 (SVL 154 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937094/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Fig. 5B&amp;5D</figureCitation>
), most of ventrals
<quantity id="BA639B39FFBCFFA7D1AAFF2A1EB8FF13" box="[1158,1240,153,179]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" metricValueMax="3.556" metricValueMin="1.524" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" unit="in" value="10.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="6.0">6–14 in</quantity>
DWC
<date id="0925101CFFBCFFA7D033FF2B1FFCFF13" box="[1311,1436,152,179]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" value="2020-05-01">
<collectingDate id="1961E9F4FFBCFFA7D033FF2B1FFCFF13" box="[1311,1436,152,179]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" value="2020-05-01">2020.05.01</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFBCFFA7D58CFF0E1A96FF77" box="[160,246,188,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1937,1962]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Preserved paratypes Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., (A) dorsal, (B) ventral aspects of NMSL-NH 2020.05.02 (SVL 143 mm), and (C) dorsal, (D) ventral aspects of DWC2020.05.01 (SVL 154 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937094/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
) and
<quantity id="BA639B39FFBCFFA7D419FF0E1BEAFF77" box="[309,394,189,215]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" metricValueMax="6.604" metricValueMin="1.016" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" unit="in" value="15.0" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="4.0">4–26 in</quantity>
<collectionCode id="1B8AAE19FFBCFFA7D4BDFF0E1871FF77" box="[401,529,189,215]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">NMSL-NH</collectionCode>
<date id="0925101CFFBCFFA7D734FF0F18F5FF77" box="[536,661,188,215]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" value="2020-05-02">
<collectingDate id="1961E9F4FFBCFFA7D734FF0F18F5FF77" box="[536,661,188,215]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" value="2020-05-02">2020.05.02</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<figureCitation id="E5A02A59FFBCFFA7D789FF0E189FFF77" box="[677,767,188,215]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1937,1962]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,1197,1912]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Preserved paratypes Rhinophis gunasekarai sp. nov., (A) dorsal, (B) ventral aspects of NMSL-NH 2020.05.02 (SVL 143 mm), and (C) dorsal, (D) ventral aspects of DWC2020.05.01 (SVL 154 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3937094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3937094/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
). All of right and part of left anal scale yellow in both
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFBCFFA7D04FFF0E1AB6FF5B" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
. Last two and most of last 15 ventrals pale yellow in DWC
<date id="0925101CFFBCFFA7D653FF53199CFF5B" box="[895,1020,224,251]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" value="2020-05-01">
<collectingDate id="1961E9F4FFBCFFA7D653FF53199CFF5B" box="[895,1020,224,251]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" value="2020-05-01">2020.05.01</collectingDate>
</date>
and
<collectionCode id="1B8AAE19FFBCFFA7D11AFF521ED6FF5B" box="[1078,1206,225,251]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">NMSL-NH</collectionCode>
<date id="0925101CFFBCFFA7D192FF531F5EFF5B" box="[1214,1342,224,251]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" value="2020-05-02">
<collectingDate id="1961E9F4FFBCFFA7D192FF531F5EFF5B" box="[1214,1342,224,251]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" value="2020-05-02">2020.05.02</collectingDate>
</date>
, respectively
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="35816557FFBCFFA7D5EBFE9A18E5FE57" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFBCFFA7D5EBFE9A1A85FE0F" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1223]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBCFFA7D5EBFE9A1B2EFEE3" bold="true" box="[199,334,297,323]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet is an eponym latinised as a noun in the genitive singular, honouring Samantha Gunasekara, a Sri Lankan conservationist, for his contributions to the field of biodiversity conservation, especially for his service in establishing a Biodiversity Protection Unit in the Department of Customs, Government of
<collectingCountry id="058C764CFFBCFFA7D050FEC21A81FE0F" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFBCFFA7D5EBFE0B18E5FE57" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1223]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBCFFA7D5EBFE0B1843FE73" bold="true" box="[199,547,440,467]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Suggested vernacular names.</emphasis>
Gunasekarage Thudulla, Gunasekaran nilakael pambu, Gunasekara’s sheildtail in Sinhala, Tamil, and English, respectively.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="35816557FFBCFFA7D5EBFDB31994FD9F" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFBCFFA7D5EBFDB31994FD9F" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1223]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBCFFA7D5EBFDB31B01FDBB" bold="true" box="[199,353,512,539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Distribution.</emphasis>
We have encountered
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFBCFFA7D747FDB21911FDBB" authority="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower, 2020" authorityName="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[619,881,513,539]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gunasekarai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBCFFA7D747FDB21911FDBB" box="[619,881,513,539]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Rhinophis gunasekarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBCFFA7D657FDB219B8FDBB" bold="true" box="[891,984,513,539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54DC57B5FFBCFFA7D657FDB219B8FDBB" box="[891,984,513,539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
only from the
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFBCFFA7D1A7FDB21EDBFDBB" box="[1163,1211,513,539]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">type</typeStatus>
locality, within the Knuckles Conservation Forest, at
<quantity id="BA639B39FFBCFFA7D73FFD96180FFD9F" box="[531,623,549,575]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.42" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" unit="m" value="1420.0">1,420 m</quantity>
elevation close to the top of a hill.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="35816557FFBCFFA7D5EBFDFA19C8FB67" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFBCFFA7D5EBFDFA1F7EFC07" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1223]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBCFFA7D5EBFDFA187AFDC3" bold="true" box="[199,538,584,611]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Ecology and natural history.</emphasis>
In addition to the collection of the
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFBCFFA7D688FDFA19B4FDC3" box="[932,980,585,611]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">type</typeStatus>
specimens in
<date id="0925101CFFBCFFA7D158FDFA1F4DFDC3" box="[1140,1325,585,611]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" value="2018-09">September 2018</date>
, we made 12 other visits to the
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFBCFFA7D4A6FDDE1BDAFD27" box="[394,442,621,647]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">type</typeStatus>
locality from
<date id="0925101CFFBCFFA7D772FDDE18B1FD27" box="[606,721,621,647]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" value="2018-06">June 2018</date>
to
<date id="0925101CFFBCFFA7D7D4FDDE1910FD27" box="[760,880,621,647]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" value="2019-05">May 2019</date>
. During these visits we recorded eight additional sightings of
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFBCFFA7D409FD211BB0FD0B" authority="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower, 2020" authorityName="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[293,464,657,683]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gunasekarai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBCFFA7D409FD211BB0FD0B" box="[293,464,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">R. gunasekarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBCFFA7D4F6FD221855FD0B" bold="true" box="[474,565,657,683]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54DC57B5FFBCFFA7D4F6FD221855FD0B" box="[474,565,657,683]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
in four visits in June, July and October (twice) 2018, within an area of less than
<quantity id="BA639B39FFBCFFA7D5E3FD061B77FD6F" box="[207,279,693,719]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
<superScript id="8AEE9B94FFBCFFA7D43BFD071B7FFD62" attach="left" box="[279,287,692,706]" fontSize="6" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">2</superScript>
.
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFBCFFA7D402FD061851FD6F" authority="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower, 2020" authorityName="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[302,561,693,719]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gunasekarai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBCFFA7D402FD061851FD6F" box="[302,561,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Rhinophis gunasekarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBCFFA7D715FD0618F3FD6F" bold="true" box="[569,659,693,719]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54DC57B5FFBCFFA7D715FD0618F3FD6F" box="[569,659,693,719]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
were found in areas of moist humus-rich soil under thin leaf litter in well-shaded areas of evergreen cloud forest densely wooded with trees (dominated by
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFBCFFA7D163FD6A1ED4FD53" box="[1103,1204,729,755]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Syzigium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBCFFA7D163FD6A1ED4FD53" box="[1103,1204,729,755]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Syzigium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. R.Br. ex Gaertn.) heavily covered in epiphytes. Three specimens were found within a circle of
<quantity id="BA639B39FFBCFFA7D6D5FD4F1E5EFCB7" box="[1017,1086,764,791]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" unit="cm" value="50.0">50 cm</quantity>
radius on one visit. During the rains (in the months of May and June) the snakes were found mostly under rocks and logs, while in drier weather (from August to October) they were found by digging in soil at approximately
<quantity id="BA639B39FFBCFFA7D12EFCF71E11FCFF" box="[1026,1137,836,863]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" unit="cm" value="40.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="30.0">30–50 cm</quantity>
beneath the surface. Other fossorial reptiles seen during these visits to this locality were
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFBCFFA7D64EFCDA1F73FC23" authority="(Gunther, 1858)" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1858" box="[866,1299,872,899]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ceylonensis">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBCFFA7D64EFCDA1E34FC23" box="[866,1108,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Aspidura ceylonensis</emphasis>
(Günther, 1858)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFBCFFA7D00FFCDA19CDFC07" authority="Wickramasinghe, Bandara, Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe, 2019" authorityName="Wickramasinghe, Bandara, Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe" authorityYear="2019" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Aspidura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="desilvai">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBCFFA7D00FFCDA1FFCFC23" box="[1315,1436,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">A. desilvai</emphasis>
Wickramasinghe, Bandara, Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe, 2019
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFBCFFA7D6CBFC3D1F79FC07" authority="(Smith, 1935)" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1935" box="[999,1305,908,935]" class="Reptilia" family="Scincidae" genus="Nessia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bipes">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBCFFA7D6CBFC3D1E14FC07" box="[999,1140,909,935]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Nessia bipes</emphasis>
(Smith, 1935)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7D2436DCFFBCFFA7D5EBFC0319C8FB67" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,1223]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBCFFA7D5EBFC031B0FFC6B" bold="true" box="[199,367,944,971]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Conservation.</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFBCFFA7D485FC021BB9FC6B" box="[425,473,945,971]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">type</typeStatus>
locality of
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFBCFFA7D770FC011966FC6B" authority="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower, 2020" authorityName="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[604,774,945,971]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gunasekarai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBCFFA7D770FC011966FC6B" box="[604,774,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">R. gunasekarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBCFFA7D623FC021909FC6B" bold="true" box="[783,873,945,971]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="54DC57B5FFBCFFA7D623FC021909FC6B" box="[783,873,945,971]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
lies within a protected area, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. However, the area is being impacted by the improvement of the Matale-Rattota-Riverstone- Ilukkubura (B 274) road from Rattota (
<quantity id="BA639B39FFBCFFA7D767FC4A18F5FBB4" box="[587,661,1017,1044]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
) to the Sera Ella Junction (
<quantity id="BA639B39FFBCFFA7D6EEFC4B1E6EFBB4" box="[962,1038,1016,1044]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" unit="km" value="35.0">35 km</quantity>
). The project includes surfacing the road with asphalt, construction of ‘U’ and ‘L’
<typeStatus id="A220887EFFBCFFA7D7B8FBAE18A4FB97" box="[660,708,1053,1079]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">type</typeStatus>
concrete drains, rehabilitation of damaged culverts and introduction of vehicle passing bays within the existing right of way. These may lead to further degradation of the habitat of this species. Beyond fragmentation of habitat, potential threats to
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFBCFFA7D655FBD51E42FBDF" authorityName="Wickramasinghe &amp; Vidanapathirana &amp; Wickramasinghe &amp; Gower" authorityYear="2020" box="[889,1058,1125,1151]" class="Reptilia" family="Uropeltidae" genus="Rhinophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gunasekarai">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBCFFA7D655FBD51E42FBDF" box="[889,1058,1125,1151]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">R. gunasekarai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBCFFA7D119FBD61EE4FBDF" bold="true" box="[1077,1156,1125,1151]" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">p. nov.</emphasis>
related to road construction include pollution from bitumen, asphalt, cement and concrete, and the invasion of alien species such as
<taxonomicName id="BA9B4D5FFFBCFFA7D06EFB391AB4FB67" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Mimosa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="10" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pigra">
<emphasis id="4FEFEACEFFBCFFA7D06EFB391AB4FB67" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="75">Mimosa pigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which were not found in the area prior to the construction work.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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