176 lines
16 KiB
XML
176 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="9B30505E9F3184E78C88CB9303696F27" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1203.123757" ID-ZooBank="6FE93D4B-8104-45F4-850A-C1B78CA10A9D" ID-publisher-id="123757" URI-arpha="E0E2E4CE-0D0E-533C-9BD4-A1327BB57504" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/6FE93D4B-8104-45F4-850A-C1B78CA10A9D" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1716923959232" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Jordal, Bjarte H." docDate="2024" docId="F041320CA74B58139E3B00876F657130" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1203: 95-130" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1203" docSource="https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/123757/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Ctonoxylon atrum Browne 2024, stat. rev." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="130" masterDocId="E0E2E4CE0D0E533C9BD4A1327BB57504" masterDocTitle="An integrated taxonomic revision of Ctonoxylon (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) reveals new Malagasy species originating from multiple recent colonisations of the island" masterLastPageNumber="130" masterPageNumber="95" pageNumber="95" updateTime="1716924051971" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo id="8441515712FF8489D00A60376918D1C4">
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<mods:title id="0A7EFDDD8F59CE5A057D18D6FAC22324">An integrated taxonomic revision of Ctonoxylon (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) reveals new Malagasy species originating from multiple recent colonisations of the island</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="7402749CC18C23950CF93F1AD3A4E9E8" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="113B94DB8430E5F4947F84AB4FF75B94">
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<mods:roleTerm id="019DB2324E1CC4D6A07A4047AEC51EC8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="CAAAF1884B68015A5282167BDF64B419">Jordal, Bjarte H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F227B653A32BAE86647490BDE92293D5" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6082-443X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="C3AAF5E907317B3398AEB4E364047771">Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen, University of Bergen, P. O. 7800, NO- 5020 Bergen, Norway</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="84EF6119581BD7A5EF872D56BAA18DBB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="B247B97E106AF150FAB12351E9954F9C">
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<mods:title id="0E327EE4560B1E01E39CACEB00A13426">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="E1B2F4D06185B51DC1AE477FEBB7099C">
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<mods:date id="335B54C95A1CBB1616841B1E53124F95">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="DC9873800C2DC17A730555177FF9B1A3" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="E5F036DC6AC4F9DEA34108F2FA7E51CE">2024-05-28</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="0261D45696698D1204CFA5279E2BDF6D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="6A751C0892EB16CC68F5E40BF103EB98">1203</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="03067F0A931B3A31032BEFB7D97004DA" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="8ECAF20EE6BC9FFDABB7C5FB08ED03EC">95</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="A5214745241653332D71C77E92919B83">130</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="4BC81D101BEF5D856CFFC3B42DD3AD94">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="5C5D08FC83DAB8F3F70CC14997192091" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1203.123757</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="51D939060826283EEA40391D58FDEF7D" type="ZooBank">6FE93D4B-8104-45F4-850A-C1B78CA10A9D</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="F041320CA74B58139E3B00876F657130" ID-arpha="F041320C-A74B-5813-9E3B-00876F657130" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F041320CA74B58139E3B00876F657130" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F041320CA74B58139E3B00876F657130">
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<subSubSection id="D4408B312B64061BACA514060C2A1B79" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="DBEFC854E46A3780BA367F0F38ADCEF5">
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<taxonomicName id="89B21950893ED623C0A904B520E0793E" ID-CoL="32835" authority="Browne" authorityName="Browne" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Ctonoxylon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrum" status="stat. nov.">
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<emphasis id="CFFABD748CDACF2D5A039A6CB2A13E0E" italics="true">Ctonoxylon atrum</emphasis>
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Browne
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="7D75E59F7AC1059BCB8D1B1A20581EDC">stat. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="77B2302AED19B6386D5AD265C391ADB3" type="description">
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<paragraph id="5587DB8DD62A91B5E1B7FBDBCECE6C73">
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<figureCitation id="0F2AFC2C9C306DBB0A99047A65D71191" captionStart="Figures 66–74" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 66–74. Dorsal, lateral, and front views of 66, 69, 72 Ctonoxylon quadrispinum female holotype 67, 70, 73 Ctonoxylon methneri male, and 68, 71, 74 Ctonoxylon atrum female holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.123757.figures66-74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057227">Figs 68</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="2EE85F76FA27FDEFBAD4D6F81CE648BE" captionStart="Figures 66–74" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 66–74. Dorsal, lateral, and front views of 66, 69, 72 Ctonoxylon quadrispinum female holotype 67, 70, 73 Ctonoxylon methneri male, and 68, 71, 74 Ctonoxylon atrum female holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.123757.figures66-74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057227">71</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="D30932D80A1FE5B937A4D55F0FD68FDA" captionStart="Figures 66–74" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 66–74. Dorsal, lateral, and front views of 66, 69, 72 Ctonoxylon quadrispinum female holotype 67, 70, 73 Ctonoxylon methneri male, and 68, 71, 74 Ctonoxylon atrum female holotype." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.123757.figures66-74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057227">74</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B071AD2578131385CC24F84031905BC9" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="DD6152E3D4ECCC66B1EF435E2DE9D554">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="9C2E0CDC2F30707CFE358C77AA294E4F">
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<treatmentCitation id="97828F0AE592DFF78E1CADAF0FEAEB59">
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<taxonomicName id="7AD0EAA855CD7872AFA3350F0612E9AD" ID-CoL="32835" authority="Browne, 1965: 190" authorityName="Browne" authorityPageNumber="190" authorityYear="1965" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Ctonoxylon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrum">
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<emphasis id="551D630371B8FDEFF43A1AB187530FBD" italics="true">Ctonoxylon atrum</emphasis>
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Browne, 1965: 190
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0EE2CI" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="B75CD7EE9D743EA5CBBC4F88618C2F43">
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<heading id="3CAAA990950A12D099B43297F24BE65E" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7ADA39BF898E240A3E59B78B2C337CC6">
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<materialsCitation id="1B2647AB29AD6534951B3E03714BEB20" collectingDate="1964-09-30" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="Nigeria" location="Idanre" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="44AA91732B48B36CC979CACF5EC13704" bold="true" italics="true">
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<typeStatus id="7E377380EF4BC2BB424027E13B129557" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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, male:
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<collectingCountry id="B90B24E6EA40D6C972490516DA520E89" name="Nigeria">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
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,
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<location id="72F1417826BABFD662D6D082DE31A2AD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F041320CA74B58139E3B00876F657130:72F1417826BABFD662D6D082DE31A2AD" country="Nigeria" name="Idanre">Idanre</location>
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[GIS:
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<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ES2CI" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[5.100000,7.120000]}">7.12, 5.10</named-content>
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],
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<date id="50B5B8E9F52BC6835CF5F5D50F6D126A" value="1964-09-30">
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<collectingDate id="61219A69118AFB5060A4265CB09BAC71" value="1964-09-30">30. 9. 1964</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, ex
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<taxonomicName id="E73F7C172080A33B55CEAACBD856E06E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Canthium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="25DF5C488EFDB46666F49D1CA95409A6" italics="true">Canthium</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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[
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<named-content id="9BF0736B0958DBF87EF9C76E284D0B62" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/natural-history-museum-london" xlink_title="The Natural History Museum, London, UK">
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<collectionCode id="7FEF6CEFA552EFC088DB2AB942265976" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" type="Museum">NHMUK</collectionCode>
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</named-content>
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].
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0ED3CI" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="B8F523DBF069CC2F4DDDCB26FD187E36">
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<heading id="A9744B9DD18EE8FD2945CB6AE52E3971" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A2E602EC3F6030B04DA933F68B92FB43">
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Length
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<quantity id="1EDB4A3EFF5586E4A37B9C4A2E0C9C03" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
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. 2.1–2.2 × as long as broad; colour pitch black. Male and female frons slightly impressed and impunctate on lower half, finely granulated above with short scattered setae; eye parts separated by 2 / 3 the size of upper half; anterior lateral margin of prothorax with elongated groove near procoxa; propleural pit present just above procoxa; pronotum with large and deep irregular punctures; elytral suture buckled at midlength, strial punctures longitudinally elongated, subquadrate; interstriae rough, with irregular punctures and rugosities; elytral apex emarginated; interstrial vestiture of confused rows of short, black, scale-like setae.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0EI3CI" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="246D63B652AB99135DB021A7162CD317">
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<heading id="CF18AAE9B2FF717DE8AEF78F944ED9D8" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="157FC5FF14F93FBDFFF7E078CD41E11D">
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<collectingCountry id="1A049613E6E678D2A9054BCFE1289312" name="Ghana">Ghana</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="35B64130DC8EFEF8F6B7A8F9B4B278C6" name="Cameroon">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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(new country).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0EN3CI" type="New record">
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<paragraph id="E71CDEA34BF906BE781A6C201D14145E">
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<heading id="625582FFFAE7445E9C597F9F45AA9A51" reason="title">New record.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="828ACD60FD78268817509FC575F93A99">
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<collectingCountry id="321128BDF51C528943E170B4FAC643EC" name="Cameroon">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
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, Limbe, Ekande [GIS:
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<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EW3CI" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[9.172000,4.081000]}">
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<geoCoordinate id="5768A7BEE0EA6CC3C59449F7BD86FEA9" degrees="4.081" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="4.081">4.081</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="12E369D111AA4E1166642A905B2407F2" degrees="9.172" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="9.172">9.172</geoCoordinate>
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</named-content>
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],
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<date id="16A920E24EBB5A33B3D465B31069CC48" value="2007-11-19">19. Nov. 2007</date>
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, ex water liana, B. Jordal, leg [1,
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<named-content id="0494E36BFDCAB9CEAFCD94B429E3A341" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/museum-zoology-university-bergen-vertebrate-collections" xlink_title="University Museum of Bergen, Norway">
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<collectionCode id="504D3B3A870E0AE39EBDDF6ADCACD4A1" country="Norway" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5b4j-820w" name="Museum of Zoology at the University of Bergen, Vertebrate collections" type="">ZMUB</collectionCode>
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</named-content>
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].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0EA4CI" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="AE289F236626851ABF30C2895523DE75">
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<heading id="79DAB3840F7A4CC8974F8744651D75E2" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FAA7A2D1C5C7EE99D7C7C68E0E2215D7">
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This species is rather similar to
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<taxonomicName id="3D556F3670D33AE76DF71E1CFDD0B61B" authorityName="Eggers" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Ctonoxylon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="methneri">
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<emphasis id="23488D68167DFEF1AA1518D00E80091F" italics="true">C. methneri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and was synonymised with
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<taxonomicName id="6B387C81441698BA4DC73B764F2A3A72" authorityName="Schedl" authorityYear="1941" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Ctonoxylon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hamatum">
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<emphasis id="7EB2963385BE20232C0C40459E7AAAEA" italics="true">C. hamatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="9BB521CE8774D5FB593F1F208D6C793C" author="Schedl KE" firstAuthor="Schedl" journalOrPublisher="Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien" pagination="221-231" refId="B16" refString="Schedl KE (1970) Zur Synonymie der Borkenkäfer XX 272. Beitrag zur Morphologie und Systematik der Scolytoidea. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien 74: 221–231." title="Zur Synonymie der Borkenkäfer XX 272. Beitrag zur Morphologie und Systematik der Scolytoidea." volume="74" year="1970">Schedl (1970)</bibRefCitation>
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. However,
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<taxonomicName id="3C2B3A0E06CCC2FB50551937F20D71AC" authorityName="Browne" authorityYear="1965" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Ctonoxylon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrum">
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<emphasis id="8F6F4BE6EBC0D77A6D1D99BBF920DCF2" italics="true">C. atrum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is darker, with shorter elytral setae, the strial punctures are narrowly elongated and more separated, and the pronotal punctures are larger. It is genetically clearly separated from
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<taxonomicName id="24FB503139C1C859E7FE1DE09A1EE1A8" authorityName="Eggers" authorityYear="1922" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Ctonoxylon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="methneri">
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<emphasis id="C2A1E97DCE55F0A104F8AA45C8C757D6" italics="true">C. methneri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and instead forms a sister relationship with
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<taxonomicName id="A4AA53A032931CCBF52EF255CCF363FB" authority="Jordal, 2024" authorityName="Jordal" authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Ctonoxylon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrispinum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B612709CCB02B179559D02A15533CF1C" italics="true">C. quadrispinum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="7C3EB7E45F3BF18E8E55154AE1ECA05F" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation id="8DF24DD275BD707621528D9FA8791CBB" captionStart="Figures 10–11" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 10–11. Phylogeny of Ctonoxylon. Node support is given as posterior probabilities above and parsimony bootstrap values below nodes 10 tree topology resulting from the parsimony analysis of 14 morphological characters for all species using implied weighting (Goloboff et al. 2018) 11 partial tree topology redrawn from a previously published Bayesian tree topology based on 1958 nucleotide position from three gene fragments (Jordal 2023). Species found in Madagascar marked in purple." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1203.123757.figures10-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1057220">11</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |