306 lines
35 KiB
XML
306 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="3754" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779" ID-GBIF-Dataset="39ded5c1-e041-4aa3-bf7e-5efb47e0aee2" ID-PMC="PMC8571249" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1067-57" ID-Pensoft-UUID="921145FDEC60583E831A6266908B4BCD" ID-PubMed="34759719" ID-ZooBank="8DB9C8FE9DF7438D92BA4B40E81F5DE1" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1067-57" checkinTime="1635566822117" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kwanboon, Sedtawut, Sartori, Michel & Boonsoong, Boonsatien" docDate="2021" docId="E47AD7D9ECE556F7863FE00403810630" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1067: 57-82" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1067" docPubDate="2021-10-29" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779" docTitle="Protobehningia merga Peters & Gillies 1991" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="921145FDEC60583E831A6266908B4BCD" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="921145FDEC60583E831A6266908B4BCD" masterDocTitle="Behningiidae and Potamanthidae (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) in Thailand" masterLastPageNumber="82" masterPageNumber="57" pageNumber="57" updateTime="1732749980920" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="DD5EFB9301F30F68579C7A49B53D3839" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="08379A984515C3C101C795AAB3992434">
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<mods:title id="943F755D2964223237FED8D956B86250">Behningiidae and Potamanthidae (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) in Thailand</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="B7FA12835F3B391E158384A93A427E33" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="0C416B8294A022F186145596930A1E53">Kwanboon, Sedtawut</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7ECBCFAF9FD8F1B9D803460A2AB67EB5" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3858-9522</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="F92041B0AFF3856D3EBC0F2C023B2C95">Animal Systematics and Ecology Speciality Research Unit (ASESRU), Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D293374B07599B94B3C9E237A7788BE6">Sartori, Michel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2F6D5AD23486E04EAAB64AA56E78556B" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3397-3397</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="41F909DCF85CB961ABB2FFB49C3F9C34">Museum of Zoology, Palais de Rumine, Place Riponne 6, CH- 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland & University of Lausanne (UNIL), Department of Ecology and Evolution, CH- 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AD7EEE241646C51CB78BE5D6227119B2">Boonsoong, Boonsatien</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="8EEA3677ADC07B8FA970332842787BA5" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8166-0021</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="F954F600FCD37E96B0B4ACCB4E05A8B4">Animal Systematics and Ecology Speciality Research Unit (ASESRU), Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="E55380725A8B9EB1DB4DD2C08C0F7148" type="email">fscibtb@ku.ac.th</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3BA883C3DD1392301C9F7B1B4173B1E5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="694657CD9FDFD71D0306E4C2ED65B48F">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5E0B58473FE164A99CBD70919FFCBA46">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6F40F78749666AB06C2CBCA1D0859A02">2021-10-29</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="01EC5A6E666CB3E29CE8F3B1F861B775" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="B2853872875472F1129E3FBC66AA9EA5">1067</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="7F5D4CC32D38E54D0DDFECB5270263F8">57</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="BE2A26F68D9B32DB4AF39DF0643609DB">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="98CBD5D27D79E23424B59FB9550EA530" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="E47AD7D9ECE556F7863FE00403810630" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189635848" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E47AD7D9ECE556F7863FE00403810630" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E47AD7D9ECE556F7863FE00403810630" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" scope_class="Insecta" scope_order="Ephemeroptera">
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<subSubSection id="152FC7F0A0A382B499207445E410F1FB" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="2D7CE7B79726D5066C2700E4A4FE8151" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<taxonomicName id="BA00DD41A0F3ED62C78F64EDBCEA46D1" ID-CoL="4N4MT" LSID="E47AD7D9-ECE5-56F7-863F-E00403810630" authority="Peters & Gillies, 1991" authorityName="Peters & Gillies" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Behningiidae" genus="Protobehningia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protobehningia merga" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merga">Protobehningia merga Peters & Gillies, 1991</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="29FAB11E45F62A276BDD4A75D6896B06" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="description">
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<paragraph id="C62BBFFFDE47A8DC8E13CB226BA7E144" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<figureCitation id="EDC441B80CA06846D523A520CDE112D7" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of larvae A Behningia nujiangensis Zhou & Bisset, 2019 B Protobehningia merga Peters & Gillies, 1991." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604582" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Figures 1B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="9D8BED5FA5E7AE5B9EDA349589B07639" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Protobehningia merga Peters & Gillies, 1991, larval morphology A overview of head B labium (ventral view) C glossa & paraglossae (ventral view) D gill I." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604586" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">, 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="626BCB58AB75E67AC0D7C30A78BDE5CB" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Protobehningia merga Peters & Gillies, 1991, larval morphology A foreleg B closer view of tibia and tarsi of foreleg C middle leg D hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604587" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">, 6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="BB12C58D75441C8333432BC505BCC8B1" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitats of Protobehningia merga Peters & Gillies, 1991 larva A Mae Chaem wadeable river (October 2019) B sampling method C sandy bottom river (November 2020) D microhabitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604589" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">, 8</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="003F3A4935A71847D40B46E59660E1B6" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Distribution map of the family Behningiidae in Thailand." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604590" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">, 9</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="66DA15C3FA2EBFBBB6354B1FB01B889E" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="A88D71D623F7A1F359A5E90533C34272" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Materials examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E11166A6F123A1F1C34083A5DC85DDFA" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<materialsCitation id="43BDF74F2A7FB55B62F926A1991BFF46" collectingDate="2019-10-05" collectorName="B. Boonsoong" country="Thailand" elevation="475" latitude="18.512777" location="Mae Chaem river" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.35628" municipality="Mae Chaem district" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-larva="2" stateProvince="Chiang Mai province">
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<specimenCount id="E6B3CADBD1DDDFED113B040D47E4BA20" type="larva">2 larvae</specimenCount>
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, deposited in ZMKU,
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<collectingCountry id="12A956362E42C6732CFFFF05F6BAE761" name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="F7772E6DB77B35BA16ECC98CCF98B46A" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai">Chiang Mai province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="229AA947244F3BCE6941A3978B65085F">Mae Chaem district</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="D187B194894EB53ADB606A42C43E8E76" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E47AD7D9ECE556F7863FE00403810630:D187B194894EB53ADB606A42C43E8E76" country="Thailand" latitude="18.512777" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.35628" municipality="Mae Chaem district" name="Mae Chaem river" stateProvince="Chiang Mai province">Mae Chaem river</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="A3112404A66A9B90587A89DBD70B5228" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="46.0" value="18.512777">18°30'46.0"N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="48689573B394395867679B99DDC66C57" degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="22.6" value="98.35628">98°21'22.6"E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="BA106F1950CC7B25206B02F6288B389A" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" unit="m" value="475.0">
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<elevation id="054DF10DAA6F99CBDEFE175FE4986154" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" unit="m" value="475.0">475 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<collectingDate id="03C72C37A7599D84928508431277C279" value="2019-10-05">5.X.2019</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id="47FF1A87E87C81FA9D9EF7241895F07F">B. Boonsoong</collectorName>
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leg.
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</materialsCitation>
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,
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<materialsCitation id="CB8B5C150E861AC4E5931BE80DC104EF" collectingDate="2020-11-13" collectorName="B. Boonsoong" country="Thailand" elevation="475" latitude="18.512777" location="Mae Chaem river" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.35628" municipality="Mae Chaem district" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-larva="1" stateProvince="Chiang Mai">
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<specimenCount id="441E64C88A487173FDB2E78B4496BD93" type="larva">1 larva</specimenCount>
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, same data,
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<collectingDate id="F5E3028681787086D0AFC78B02AD0501" value="2020-11-13">13.XI.2020</collectingDate>
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,
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<collectorName id="79C7FC00F0BEDD1DBF9225A093153BB2">B. Boonsoong</collectorName>
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leg.
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</materialsCitation>
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(ZMKU).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="421C50800FFC5AA75A91E9AFA701B333" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="description">
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<paragraph id="39281861B467F865276D1B39D76ED8F9" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Re-description of larva.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="010D20E973104DD54E67690DA76D4442" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis id="D743072FB17C4AD9459F4208D7D653D0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Larva</emphasis>
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(in alcohol, Fig.
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<figureCitation id="311F6BE2E998ABEF44EA18FBC369DD25" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of larvae A Behningia nujiangensis Zhou & Bisset, 2019 B Protobehningia merga Peters & Gillies, 1991." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604582" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">1B</figureCitation>
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) Body length 7.2 mm without cerci; cerci 2.7 mm. Body pale yellowish.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="21B71AC2AE9564D7B517FAAED164A2C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis id="634E7189563EC4190B46A8D2A3C268BC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Head.</emphasis>
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Anterior margin not projecting, front with densely short goldish setae standing out on the head (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="69CED742A9DC76B6138CE7E94AB4C0A4" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of larvae A Behningia nujiangensis Zhou & Bisset, 2019 B Protobehningia merga Peters & Gillies, 1991." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604582" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">1B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="5902813D98E7796E37269E7F9250B108" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Protobehningia merga Peters & Gillies, 1991, larval morphology A overview of head B labium (ventral view) C glossa & paraglossae (ventral view) D gill I." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604586" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">5A</figureCitation>
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). Black eyes on dorsolateral margin; ocelli almost white, inner margin of ocelli black in front of compound eye. Antennae at lateral margin of head. Labium extending the entire anterior margin of head, with long setae; labial palp 3-segmented, surface of labial palp covered with rows of long blunt setae, base of second palp segment with the longest setae, first segment longer than other segments (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="9689771127187370BBDE1C3F72966DCA" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Protobehningia merga Peters & Gillies, 1991, larval morphology A overview of head B labium (ventral view) C glossa & paraglossae (ventral view) D gill I." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604586" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">5B</figureCitation>
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), glossae and paraglossae with numerous (>20) setae (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="F4C8C358B6A6EC78537F5FBCC53F71D4" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Protobehningia merga Peters & Gillies, 1991, larval morphology A overview of head B labium (ventral view) C glossa & paraglossae (ventral view) D gill I." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604586" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">5C</figureCitation>
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). Left mandible and right mandible strong and dentated, mostly similar to
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<taxonomicName id="162B125F34F3A9CA15AB3F125CD89EB8" lsidName="P. asiatica" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="asiatica">
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<emphasis id="214503265EA54E85936979FBA7F26C68" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">P. asiatica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Maxillary palpi 3-segmented, maxilla base extending, apex narrow with terminal tooth.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="9547C8025C7AD53FD5FCB279096D763B" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604584" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph id="9E128BE49BA53C3AFEDBAC745668BD65" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis id="F4B9BC770D1D1A8927869E391865C799" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="B3E9E6EB73C80AD48063DE4A7121379D" authorityName="Zhou & Bisset" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Behningiidae" genus="Behningia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Behningia nujiangensis" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nujiangensis">
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<emphasis id="7C6CCEA2780077F8E98C6943C3B6B8EA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Behningia nujiangensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Zhou & Bisset, 2019, larval morphology
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<emphasis id="1723346C2203C8DFD7FA1DC9A141D045" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A</emphasis>
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foreleg
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<emphasis id="4F7BEA47BE66BADB7AB056888F47D774" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">B</emphasis>
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closer view of tibia and tarsi of foreleg
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<emphasis id="D624E3FF599999AB92363BD886EDD3EF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
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middle leg
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<emphasis id="DA7A30AD6DC05B234C6AA8D470F42E6B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D</emphasis>
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hind leg.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="102014E4B4750CEE6427D86A7B6938BC" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
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<emphasis id="C136B9D3018CBFE7850092A0C90A6549" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Thorax.</emphasis>
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Colour pale yellowish. Forelegs flattened, with large broad coxae, flat femur, small claws (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="A953DE6E5FF86FB5D81BBE1937A9AAF1" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Protobehningia merga Peters & Gillies, 1991, larval morphology A foreleg B closer view of tibia and tarsi of foreleg C middle leg D hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604587" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">6A</figureCitation>
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), tarsi fused with tibiae (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="EA46A10E6B4B8F85E0C8215C16A6482A" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Protobehningia merga Peters & Gillies, 1991, larval morphology A foreleg B closer view of tibia and tarsi of foreleg C middle leg D hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604587" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">6B</figureCitation>
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), outer margin with long row of setae, short setae present at inner margin. Midleg and hindleg tarsus and tibia not fused (Fig.
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|
<figureCitation id="D0D71433E7AC7AC048A43FB4E1FFD28A" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Protobehningia merga Peters & Gillies, 1991, larval morphology A foreleg B closer view of tibia and tarsi of foreleg C middle leg D hind leg." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604587" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">6C, D</figureCitation>
|
|
), hindleg with strong claw, curved, thorn-like in shape.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="ECFB35684946271C9C7225BA798D421F" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
|
<emphasis id="3640096A33751B8043F8A9E2D767722A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Abdomen.</emphasis>
|
|
Similar in colour to head and thorax, abdominal segments elongated and convex, with short straight setae at lateral margin, lateral margin of abdominal segment I-IX with flat projections spine-like in shape. Gill present on segment I-VII, plumose shape, first gill filament single (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="9262151AF743DD79307A1D90FB8C6330" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Protobehningia merga Peters & Gillies, 1991, larval morphology A overview of head B labium (ventral view) C glossa & paraglossae (ventral view) D gill I." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604586" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">5D</figureCitation>
|
|
); gills II-VII double, upper branch of each gill shorter than lower one. Three caudal filaments fringed with short pale setae, length of median filament as long as lateral filaments.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="DEDB68116BE626B20A6AA9093DD02D3E" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604585" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
|
|
<paragraph id="194626CDBFFDBD43D6B4AB919E416471" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
|
<emphasis id="E08AFBFB065563723AE3EE224789D8B3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Figure 4.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="246BB56547C42604A866565CC37C7016" authorityName="Zhou & Bisset" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Behningiidae" genus="Behningia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Behningia nujiangensis" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nujiangensis">
|
|
<emphasis id="F148027877CB095F60F4E4156F39A8D3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Behningia nujiangensis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Zhou & Bisset, 2019, SEMs of egg structures
|
|
<emphasis id="221C6AAEE81F54CC28CFA1F94BDC33FF" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A</emphasis>
|
|
general outline of egg
|
|
<emphasis id="91C0A1E11670286C67AD7EF15CBCDF66" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">B</emphasis>
|
|
polar cap
|
|
<emphasis id="4D6A98F7234ED144E5C71C326352738B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
|
|
chorion surface
|
|
<emphasis id="E342D659988AD0AEC869E9172508D23A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D</emphasis>
|
|
micropyle.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="3DDE7CCD9D5BC48C6AA5357DFDA97558" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph id="93B5AD4924899E012A7BFBBF37750AF6" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="6BAA7C04B4C07F966256BD859412B54A" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
|
The larvae of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="81AAF82938468FA444EAC9EF8742505E" authorityName="Peters & Gillies" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Behningiidae" genus="Protobehningia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protobehningia merga" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merga">
|
|
<emphasis id="036F3FF48736EA58AD2F3BB0FD364C3D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Protobehningia merga</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Peters & Gillies 1991 can be distinguished from those of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="19ECD009441D375016C8C4730321718A" lsidName="P. asiatica" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="asiatica">
|
|
<emphasis id="576A22A0B607C36B3B8C46ABEABD125A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">P. asiatica</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
based on the following characteristics: i) glossae and paraglossae with more than 20 setae on the ventral surface, ii) maxillary palp segment II 2/3 the length of segment I, each maxillary palp segment completely divided, but segments II and III indistinct (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="D83072D2C84B396EE3322F66C509F8CB" author="Peters, WL" editor="Alba-Tercedor, J" journalOrPublisher="Sandhill Crane Press, Gainesville" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="207 - 216" refId="B19" refString="Peters, WL, Gillies, MT, 1991. The male imago of Protobehningia Tshernova from Thailand (Ephemeroptera: Behningiidae). In: Alba-Tercedor, J, Sanchez-Ortega, A, Eds., Overview and Strategies of Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera. Sandhill Crane Press, Gainesville: 207 - 216" title="The male imago of Protobehningia Tshernova from Thailand (Ephemeroptera: Behningiidae)." volumeTitle="Overview and Strategies of Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera." year="1991">Peters and Gillies 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="12A09057025EC80CF9F681E022055D79" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph id="06221F440249C25A919819F986F22AF4" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="E18C8CFF915078D8B2492C153C280206" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Kanchanaburi and Chiang Mai provinces.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="2BBEFCCDDEEB65CA4F8D2775A7A34DAA" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="biological aspects">
|
|
<paragraph id="EC8A0354E38EC392319565862657B904" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Biological aspects.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="40DCC7842F10CB61DD73F302AB5BB9FC" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
|
In general, the larvae of behningiid mayflies are rarely collected. In this study, the larvae (middle instar) were found in October (turbidity from flooding, Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="059F27D63BD7417F2538CEFC8482A7E6" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitats of Protobehningia merga Peters & Gillies, 1991 larva A Mae Chaem wadeable river (October 2019) B sampling method C sandy bottom river (November 2020) D microhabitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604589" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">8A</figureCitation>
|
|
) and November in a river in Chaing Mai province, whereas
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="7A0CAF1CB6FC9A95525DAC2C2F549FD1" author="Peters, WL" editor="Alba-Tercedor, J" journalOrPublisher="Sandhill Crane Press, Gainesville" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="207 - 216" refId="B19" refString="Peters, WL, Gillies, MT, 1991. The male imago of Protobehningia Tshernova from Thailand (Ephemeroptera: Behningiidae). In: Alba-Tercedor, J, Sanchez-Ortega, A, Eds., Overview and Strategies of Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera. Sandhill Crane Press, Gainesville: 207 - 216" title="The male imago of Protobehningia Tshernova from Thailand (Ephemeroptera: Behningiidae)." volumeTitle="Overview and Strategies of Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera." year="1991">Peters and Gillies (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
found the exuviae and imago during December in Kanchanaburi province (western Thailand). The specimens were collected from the Mae Chaem river, which is submontane and bordered by farmland and residential areas (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="576C984D2D0733DA0E08B90BDC984A69" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitats of Protobehningia merga Peters & Gillies, 1991 larva A Mae Chaem wadeable river (October 2019) B sampling method C sandy bottom river (November 2020) D microhabitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604589" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">8A</figureCitation>
|
|
). The substrates were covered with fine- and coarse-grained sand (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="E17EDD0131FACE124410338C1BC7717F" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitats of Protobehningia merga Peters & Gillies, 1991 larva A Mae Chaem wadeable river (October 2019) B sampling method C sandy bottom river (November 2020) D microhabitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604589" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">8C</figureCitation>
|
|
). The larvae of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="470805FFD544E849234FF73894589EC1" lsidName="P. merga" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="merga">
|
|
<emphasis id="DFFF4E8E6AC0B9A43ED795892B2235B4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">P. merga</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
were collected using an aquatic net in a fine sandy habitat, where the depth of the sandy bottom was more than 50 cm and near the littoral zone (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="A40C41BDD2EDEFF49D9502B3BDE47592" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Habitats of Protobehningia merga Peters & Gillies, 1991 larva A Mae Chaem wadeable river (October 2019) B sampling method C sandy bottom river (November 2020) D microhabitat." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604589" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">8B, D</figureCitation>
|
|
). The larvae were usually found together with those of the oligoneuriid mayfly,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EA8CCDB05417D4E6C35C4BC000DBE46F" authorityName="Navas" authorityYear="1932" class="Insecta" family="Chromarcyidae" genus="Chromarcys" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chromarcys magnifica" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="magnifica">
|
|
<emphasis id="D18C17DE3EC7AC927499202E217E9380" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Chromarcys magnifica</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<normalizedToken id="874C7E905C761D3F59066B94A7055B47" originalValue="Navás">Navas</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1932 and the gomphid dragonfly,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EF63B01D2E9DABF1E7FAEA2F4C0A48AC" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1914" class="Insecta" family="Gomphidae" genus="Paragomphus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Paragomphus capricornis" order="Odonata" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="capricornis">
|
|
<emphasis id="775FC2BB3E4FAA05DC946F1D885CF27B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Paragomphus capricornis</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<normalizedToken id="55526695127109AE2B0827AD036F65F3" originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1914.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="B5D74CEEF1DD8951439A2D9EDF57AB3A" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604586" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
|
|
<paragraph id="9E267AA5B6F928E9145460229272866B" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
|
<emphasis id="FF78417B7D482431F778E39046985592" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="A167392983BAA0F78B42D7F8AF55B434" authorityName="Peters & Gillies" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Behningiidae" genus="Protobehningia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protobehningia merga" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merga">
|
|
<emphasis id="542F3246B73051F60B7B581947EBD782" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Protobehningia merga</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Peters & Gillies, 1991, larval morphology
|
|
<emphasis id="BFA31705E80A9E4C3CA1B207AC64DC40" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A</emphasis>
|
|
overview of head
|
|
<emphasis id="457C0DC563EF6C1DCFB90988DFDD57C9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">B</emphasis>
|
|
labium (ventral view)
|
|
<emphasis id="69B8D785C85C5BC14B11D3D58C80E51F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
|
|
glossa & paraglossae (ventral view)
|
|
<emphasis id="903A71607429EBA18C154BBEAAE404F9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D</emphasis>
|
|
gill I.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="67EC8E4361F16A8BAE91967079834D3F" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="remarks">
|
|
<paragraph id="2F92CF57F4E1023B4C9E8C817E4ABA0C" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="FAD739638CB55F6BDCCA9F342ACF5E75" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
|
Only two species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="B303F268602981E2E498C78EADD57BAA" class="Insecta" family="Behningiidae" genus="Protobehningia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protobehningia" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="FDEBA9D5B29FC67C1E55D5E4078BF236" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Protobehningia</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are known in the world:
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F426ED479E3FBAAF334A3A598F5A859B" authorityName="Tshernova & Bajkova" authorityYear="1960" class="Insecta" family="Behningiidae" genus="Protobehningia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protobehningia asiatica" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asiatica">
|
|
<emphasis id="346F5A3B8A9013A313FBDF65DDF7F360" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Protobehningia asiatica</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Tshernova & Bajkova 1960 and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="AED830EFE733E6847F841C0041227331" authorityName="Peters & Gillies" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Behningiidae" genus="Protobehningia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protobehningia merga" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merga">
|
|
<emphasis id="828068F2283890FEAEB083CF88E6868E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Protobehningia merga</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Peters & Gillies 1991.
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="B951B366C5AE056981BA075EA7C6E667" author="Peters, WL" editor="Alba-Tercedor, J" journalOrPublisher="Sandhill Crane Press, Gainesville" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="207 - 216" refId="B19" refString="Peters, WL, Gillies, MT, 1991. The male imago of Protobehningia Tshernova from Thailand (Ephemeroptera: Behningiidae). In: Alba-Tercedor, J, Sanchez-Ortega, A, Eds., Overview and Strategies of Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera. Sandhill Crane Press, Gainesville: 207 - 216" title="The male imago of Protobehningia Tshernova from Thailand (Ephemeroptera: Behningiidae)." volumeTitle="Overview and Strategies of Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera." year="1991">Peters and Gillies (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
used larval exuviae of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="2126F52CB1A1C0163D5255C41B4779E0" lsidName="P. merga" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="merga">
|
|
<emphasis id="0E09BA562359064261184B5D5613F566" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">P. merga</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
for comparison with
|
|
<taxonomicName id="CF161C367D2EA0FAB25B3909E8544309" lsidName="P. asiatica" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="asiatica">
|
|
<emphasis id="14549548724B486F8BB969A8DC636373" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">P. asiatica</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, but they did not give a more detailed description of the larval stage. The labium structures of our specimens are similar to those of the larval exuviae described by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="2A68EAC7EE686B12C9D37CDDEEF9A0BA" author="Peters, WL" editor="Alba-Tercedor, J" journalOrPublisher="Sandhill Crane Press, Gainesville" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="207 - 216" refId="B19" refString="Peters, WL, Gillies, MT, 1991. The male imago of Protobehningia Tshernova from Thailand (Ephemeroptera: Behningiidae). In: Alba-Tercedor, J, Sanchez-Ortega, A, Eds., Overview and Strategies of Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera. Sandhill Crane Press, Gainesville: 207 - 216" title="The male imago of Protobehningia Tshernova from Thailand (Ephemeroptera: Behningiidae)." volumeTitle="Overview and Strategies of Ephemeroptera and Plecoptera." year="1991">Peters and Gillies (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
. Our new record also expands the geographic distribution of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="5298268097D736EAD278B75BD86D6423" lsidName="P. merga" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="merga">
|
|
<emphasis id="6C42C5D7E9BE3FDE3E12ACFE85E120FE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">P. merga</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
to northern Thailand.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption id="6D186D072DB98E70D6F80CC4B6818622" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1067.72779.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604587" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
|
|
<paragraph id="3B5EC94D135A12B56D473EA8FC1976C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
|
<emphasis id="53D97FA856074B0CEA91349F1C3861CB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4045B45477B2D2AFC5C2F520C61F1683" authorityName="Peters & Gillies" authorityYear="1991" class="Insecta" family="Behningiidae" genus="Protobehningia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protobehningia merga" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="merga">
|
|
<emphasis id="1ECB6C2AFEBCC5E3355FA143FD0A5EA7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Protobehningia merga</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
Peters & Gillies, 1991, larval morphology
|
|
<emphasis id="F20DD89EDCE84CF4593218EDF8C42B5E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">A</emphasis>
|
|
foreleg
|
|
<emphasis id="E7BA515905657ABBEFA4C8E84BF56644" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">B</emphasis>
|
|
closer view of tibia and tarsi of foreleg
|
|
<emphasis id="3256F912248129D2B84AD0A4ABA63796" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C</emphasis>
|
|
middle leg
|
|
<emphasis id="2AD4DF65BBFCDB2FFF7BD2980E482D11" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D</emphasis>
|
|
hind leg.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |