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123 lines
17 KiB
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<document id="AC301B16E21BA9D185A0C36991F0138B" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5134.2.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6534805" ID-ZooBank="3C3F497E-7B50-4E49-8983-D773581F18FD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1652171733176" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Pyron, R. Alexander & Beamer, David A." docDate="2022" docId="DF5187BB533FFFE2FF588954FE51D558" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5134.2.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5134 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Salamandra rubra Sonnini de Manoncourt and Latreille 1801" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="173" masterDocId="2368FFC35329FFF4FFCF8D6DFFA9D37F" masterDocTitle="A nomenclatural and taxonomic review of the salamanders (Urodela) from Holbrook’s North American Herpetology" masterLastPageNumber="196" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="173" updateTime="1734705238574" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="D1FD19CF568206ECDF5146AE464C5FBA">A nomenclatural and taxonomic review of the salamanders (Urodela) from Holbrook’s North American Herpetology</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="E93ECC79A15B62642F9A772C6D49289D" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="9AD2B0BD547C5B64AEF1AE3FC1B6CE4D">Pyron, R. Alexander</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="1B0BB511D1C74B62EA6D59DA9B2DC05F" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2524-1794</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="7751489C0FA1589C1594057CE09459B2">Department of Biological Sciences, The George Washington University, 2023 G St. NW, Washington, DC 20052 rpyron @ colubroid. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2524 - 1794 & Division of Amphibians and Reptiles, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="92B941B274E378DC5D193B2B694167FE" type="email">rpyron@colubroid.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="1E3186A2DC6F010E5EFA87CF87C31A54">Beamer, David A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EC4E54E9C1B63B166EAB15C14D8DB811">Department of Natural Sciences, Nash Community College, Rocky Mount, NC 27804</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="52A0079AB973DC44283074C6701F990A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4139254D906486D234CF9001916A411E">
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<mods:date id="D10EED198650CBF1716A55A89399B745">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D2BE338636DCEBEFC276F2DA66CF0711">2022-05-10</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="3F235EEC073532B4CBD2ABCDD0299F95">5134</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="0937AC325FA9BDB21AC1B43DDDDF8DE0">151</mods:start>
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<subSubSection id="1FE26526533FFFE2FF588954FCF6D72C" box="[151,863,1081,1108]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="574736AD533FFFE2FF588954FCF6D72C" blockId="22.[151,1437,1081,1575]" box="[151,863,1081,1108]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E533FFFE2FF588954FCF6D72C" authority="Sonnini de Manoncourt and Latreille, 1801 b" authorityName="Sonnini de Manoncourt and Latreille" authorityYear="1801" box="[151,863,1081,1108]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Salamandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubra">
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<emphasis id="658CEABF533FFFE2FF588954FECED72C" box="[151,359,1081,1107]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">Salamandra rubra</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C533FFFE2FEA18954FCF6D72C" author="Sonnini de Manoncourt, C. S. & Latreille, P. A." box="[366,863,1081,1108]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" refId="ref35647" refString="Sonnini de Manoncourt, C. S. & Latreille, P. A. (1801 b) Histoire naturelle des Reptiles. Tome 4. Seconde partie. Serpens. Deterville, Paris, iii + 410 pp., 14 pls." type="book" year="1801">Sonnini de Manoncourt and Latreille, 1801b</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="1FE26526533FFFE2FF088930FE51D558" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="574736AD533FFFE2FF088930FE51D558" blockId="22.[151,1437,1081,1575]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C533FFFE2FF088930FE19D708" author="Holbrook, J. E." box="[199,432,1117,1143]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" refId="ref32433" refString="Holbrook, J. E. (1840) North American Herpetology: or, A description of the reptiles inhabiting the United States. Vol. IV. 1 st Edition. J. Dobson, Philadelphia, viii + 126 pp., XXVIII pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 51821" type="book" year="1840">Holbrook (1840:123</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 27) offered a modestly detailed account of the Red Salamander (
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E533FFFE2FB798930FA25D708" baseAuthorityName="Sonnini de Manoncourt & Latreille" baseAuthorityYear="1801" box="[1206,1420,1117,1143]" class="Amphibia" family="Plethodontidae" genus="Pseudotriton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ruber">
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<emphasis id="658CEABF533FFFE2FB798930FA25D708" box="[1206,1420,1117,1143]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">Pseudotriton ruber</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), with a rough illustration by J. H. Richard.
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C533FFFE2FDBF89ECFCFFD7E3" author="Holbrook, J. E." box="[624,854,1153,1180]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" refId="ref32745" refString="Holbrook, J. E. (1842 e) North American Herpetology: or, A description of the reptiles inhabiting the United States. Second Edition, Volume V. J. Dobson, Philadelphia, vi + 118 pp., XXXVIII pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 4997" type="book" year="1842">Holbrook (1842e:35</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 9) reprinted the description essentially verbatim with a new drawing by J. Queen which was not noticeably improved. In the second edition, Holbrook noted that he considers
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E533FFFE2FEE689A4FD05D79C" authority="Green, 1818" authorityName="Green" authorityYear="1818" box="[297,684,1225,1251]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Salamandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subfusca">
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<emphasis id="658CEABF533FFFE2FEE689A4FDB2D79C" box="[297,539,1225,1251]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">Salamandra subfusca</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C533FFFE2FDED89A4FD05D79C" author="Green, J." box="[546,684,1225,1251]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" pagination="348 - 359" refId="ref31172" refString="Green, J. (1818) Descriptions of several species of North American Amphibia, accompanied with observations. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1, 348 - 359." type="journal article" year="1818">Green, 1818</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E533FFFE2FD2D89A7FC5ED79C" authority="Green, 1818" authorityName="Green" authorityYear="1818" box="[738,1015,1225,1252]" class="Amphibia" family="Lacertidae" genus="Lacerta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Reptiles" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculata">
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<emphasis id="658CEABF533FFFE2FD2D89A7FCCFD79C" box="[738,870,1225,1252]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">S. maculata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C533FFFE2FCA289A4FC5ED79C" author="Green, J." box="[877,1015,1225,1251]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" pagination="348 - 359" refId="ref31172" refString="Green, J. (1818) Descriptions of several species of North American Amphibia, accompanied with observations. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1, 348 - 359." type="journal article" year="1818">Green, 1818</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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synonyms of
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<emphasis id="658CEABF533FFFE2FB5B89A7FB5ED79C" box="[1172,1271,1225,1252]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E533FFFE2FB5B89A7FB5BD79C" authorityName="Sonnini de Manoncourt and Latreille" authorityYear="1801" box="[1172,1266,1225,1252]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Salamandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubra">S. rubra</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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as even Green had doubted their distinctiveness (see
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C533FFFE2FD828983FCC1D678" author="Pyron, R. A. & Beamer, D. A." box="[589,872,1261,1288]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" pagination="221 - 247" refId="ref34425" refString="Pyron, R. A. & Beamer, D. A. (2020) The herpetological legacy of Jacob Green and the nomenclature of some North American lizards and salamanders. Zootaxa, 4838 (2), 221 - 247. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4838.2.4" type="journal article" year="2020">Pyron and Beamer 2020</bibRefCitation>
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). He also lists
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E533FFFE2FBDC8983FAE5D678" authority="Green, 1818" authorityName="Green" authorityYear="1818" box="[1043,1356,1261,1288]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Salamandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubriventris">
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<emphasis id="658CEABF533FFFE2FBDC8983FB1ED678" box="[1043,1207,1261,1288]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">S. rubriventris</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C533FFFE2FB0F8980FAE5D678" author="Green, J." box="[1216,1356,1261,1287]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" pagination="348 - 359" refId="ref31172" refString="Green, J. (1818) Descriptions of several species of North American Amphibia, accompanied with observations. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1, 348 - 359." type="journal article" year="1818">Green, 1818</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E533FFFE2FA488983FEC1D654" authority="Green, 1818" authorityName="Green" authorityYear="1818" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Salamandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fusca">
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<emphasis id="658CEABF533FFFE2FA488983FF7BD654" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">S. fusca</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C533FFFE2FF14887CFEC1D654" author="Green, J." box="[219,360,1297,1323]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" pagination="348 - 359" refId="ref31172" refString="Green, J. (1818) Descriptions of several species of North American Amphibia, accompanied with observations. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1, 348 - 359." type="journal article" year="1818">Green, 1818</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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as synonyms. The former is correct, though the latter is actually a senior subjective synonym of his
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E533FFFE2FF11885BFDA2D630" authority="(Green, 1818)" baseAuthorityName="Green" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[222,523,1333,1359]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Triton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="niger">
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<emphasis id="658CEABF533FFFE2FF11885BFECCD630" box="[222,357,1334,1359]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">Triton niger</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C533FFFE2FEBA8858FDABD630" author="Green, J." box="[373,514,1333,1359]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" pagination="348 - 359" refId="ref31172" refString="Green, J. (1818) Descriptions of several species of North American Amphibia, accompanied with observations. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1, 348 - 359." type="journal article" year="1818">Green, 1818</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="90F84D2E533FFFE2FD8D885BFC72D630" authority="Holbrook, 1840" authorityName="Holbrook" authorityYear="1840" box="[578,987,1333,1360]" class="Amphibia" family="Salamandridae" genus="Salamandra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Caudata" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculo-quadrata">
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<emphasis id="658CEABF533FFFE2FD8D885BFC88D630" box="[578,801,1333,1360]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">S. maculo-quadrata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C533FFFE2FCE68858FC72D630" author="Holbrook, J. E." box="[809,987,1333,1359]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" refId="ref32433" refString="Holbrook, J. E. (1840) North American Herpetology: or, A description of the reptiles inhabiting the United States. Vol. IV. 1 st Edition. J. Dobson, Philadelphia, viii + 126 pp., XXVIII pls. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 51821" type="book" year="1840">Holbrook, 1840</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see above). In both editions, Holbrook erroneously attributed the original description to
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C533FFFE2FD718834FCCDD60C" author="Daudin, F. M." box="[702,868,1369,1395]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" refId="ref29930" refString="Daudin, F. M. (1803) Histoire naturelle, generale et particuliere, des reptiles. Tome Huitieme. F. Dufart, Paris, 439 pp." type="book" year="1803">Daudin (1803)</bibRefCitation>
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, as the exact publication year of many books from Paris (and thus their nomenclatural priority) were long misunderstood due to the unorthodox calendar of the French Revolution (see
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C533FFFE2FE9E88CFFE4AD6C4" author="Harper, F." box="[337,483,1441,1468]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" pagination="692 - 723" refId="ref31799" refString="Harper, F. (1940) Some works of Bartram, Daudin, Latreille, and Sonnini, and their bearing upon North American herpetological nomenclature. American Midland Naturalist, 23 (3), 692 - 723. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2420453" type="journal article" year="1940">Harper 1940</bibRefCitation>
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). We were unable to locate any specimens of this species associated with Holbrook.
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C533FFFE2FF5888A8FE18D69F" author="Dumeril, A. M. C. & Bibron, G. & Dumeril A. H. A." box="[151,433,1477,1504]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" refId="ref30168" refString="Dumeril, A. M. C., Bibron, G. & Dumeril A. H. A. (1854) Erpetologie Generale, ou, Histoire Naturelle Complete des Reptiles. Tome Neuvieme, Premiere Partie. Librarie Enclyclopedique de Roret, Paris, xx + 440 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 118797" type="book" year="1854">
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Duméril
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<emphasis id="658CEABF533FFFE2FF3188ABFE90D6A0" box="[254,313,1477,1503]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="173">et al.</emphasis>
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(1854:90)
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</bibRefCitation>
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stated that the MNHN held specimens from Holbrook, which we could not locate and were not listed in the catalog or among Holbrook’s donations in the “Inventaire” (
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<bibRefCitation id="33694B5C533FFFE2FBEF8884FB5BD57B" author="Roux-Esteve, R." box="[1056,1266,1513,1540]" pageId="22" pageNumber="173" refId="ref35088" refString="Roux-Esteve, R. (1976) Liste des specimens donnes par Holbrook encore en collection au Museum national d'Histoire naturelle de Paris. Private papers (unpublished manuscript), Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 12 pp." type="book" year="1976">Roux-Estéve 1976</bibRefCitation>
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) or “Catalogue taxonomique des Amphibiens.”
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |