treatments-xml/data/D5/2A/87/D52A87ACFFA1C66432A7FC35FD06FC61.xml

<document id="5C921D0BB1F0E5636DB5B816E3F161D8" ID-CLB-Dataset="119481" ID-DOI="10.35929/RSZ.0026" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cb88c83d-bf9d-4cfa-8d8b-db0d7ca79b3f" ID-ISSN="0035-418" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5743864" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1638276856584" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Galea, Horia R." docDate="2020" docId="D52A87ACFFA1C66432A7FC35FD06FC61" docLanguage="en" docName="RevueSuisseZool.127.2.367-376.pdf" docOrigin="Revue suisse de Zoologie 127 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EA5207814960044D272DF5BE47DFF256.3:RevSuisseZool.2020-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="EA5207814960044D272DF5BE47DFF256" docStyleName="RevSuisseZool.2020-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Plumularia roxanae Galea 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="375" masterDocId="2913FFD4FFA0C66D3177FFF4FF8BFFCB" masterDocTitle="Plumularia roxanae, a new epiphytic hydroid (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Plumulariidae) from the Indo-Pacific" masterLastPageNumber="376" masterPageNumber="367" pageNumber="367" updateTime="1699471534232" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods id="2B19389231B676AA8BAE81AFEB104EB6" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="1C81A53C19920ECAA8B0CF7E99C13EE6">
<mods:title id="CEA5B3CC3CD47D14319E27B04F741531">Plumularia roxanae, a new epiphytic hydroid (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Plumulariidae) from the Indo-Pacific</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="FB3624D4FB3B950C7F306E223352FB7A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="0ADB52F5FFA77729DB2119A612F38603">
<mods:roleTerm id="66E7224C35DB931A4907D02389644EDF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2C764DB14CCCFEBADFC3B1BE4B1CED69">Galea, Horia R.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="B9DA63907B5B382D7AAEA89097DD1CBF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="EDB66580658A0CAF8BD9879B3FB87B94" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="D53586F9F0872926E309A0FE5C958EDE">
<mods:title id="F523F8B48C05CC814F56C09BDE019828">Revue suisse de Zoologie</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="4FF50797F7D42F5D1B8625B1492C5F95">
<mods:date id="C8F0174DD4BA779F87852B209B4F48E6">2020</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="8B0229D15FD979DF8BACCB5210E1E9F5" type="volume">
<mods:number id="A806B6A090451DD264A111FEB05AE092">127</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="3B6F8D556E90F62CA106DB46DB6DD4A5" type="issue">
<mods:number id="F9B360D4E6607F87AC52F4ECD5F26B06">2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="3BD661608261855D1C72D38B25E56C73" unit="page">
<mods:start id="44FCFD2F7B2D5F195A17931BEC438B81">367</mods:start>
<mods:end id="B5E0785B41EB12C995D9E735DA9A0396">376</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="E0938E4337C7EE095E86F4D1359AC21F">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="F4EAB7C69390D1139747CC776903EAAA" type="CLB-Dataset">119481</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CC7002DD8F0A3B29FE7B61220DAF4D90" type="DOI">10.35929/RSZ.0026</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="72D2A17ED5CA22B2F0686545E6A8D859" type="GBIF-Dataset">cb88c83d-bf9d-4cfa-8d8b-db0d7ca79b3f</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="661076DAD7AFC6C393256CB946721DFE" type="ISSN">0035-418</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="EFEAF3531144F2F123670F848210D4BD" type="Zenodo-Dep">5743864</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="D52A87ACFFA1C66432A7FC35FD06FC61" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6987511" ID-GBIF-Taxon="199013471" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6987511" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D52A87ACFFA1C66432A7FC35FD06FC61" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D52A87ACFFA1C66432A7FC35FD06FC61" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="375" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">
<subSubSection id="15996531FFA1C66C32A7FC35FA87FC12" box="[976,1292,961,985]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5D3C36BAFFA1C66C32A7FC35FA87FC12" blockId="1.[976,1292,961,1017]" box="[976,1292,961,985]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">
<heading id="067481D6FFA1C66C32A7FC35FA87FC12" bold="true" box="[976,1292,961,985]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" reason="2">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA1C66C32A7FC35FA87FC12" bold="true" box="[976,1292,961,985]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA1C66C32A7FC35FB24FC12" ID-CoL="84CFS" authority="Galea, 2020" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2020" box="[976,1199,961,985]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="roxanae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA1C66C32A7FC35FB24FC12" bold="true" box="[976,1199,961,985]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">Plumularia roxanae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="74C457D3FFA1C66C35C1FC36FA87FC12" box="[1206,1292,962,985]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="15996531FFA1C66C3574FC16FB53FC32" box="[1027,1240,994,1017]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" type="description">
<paragraph id="5D3C36BAFFA1C66C3574FC16FB53FC32" blockId="1.[976,1292,961,1017]" box="[1027,1240,994,1017]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">
<figureCitation id="C5B82A3FFFA1C66C3574FC16FBD6FC32" box="[1027,1117,994,1017]" captionStart-0="Fig" captionStart-1="Fig" captionStartId-0="3.[151,186,1938,1959]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,186,1730,1751]" captionTargetBox-1="[154,1433,258,1692]" captionTargetId-0="figure-5@2.[189,1398,259,2071]" captionTargetId-1="figure-6@3.[151,1436,258,1695]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="Fig. 1. Plumularia roxanae sp. nov. (A) Portion of cormoid. (B) Detail of a portion of stem with proximal parts of four successive cladia. (C) Detail of a stem internode, showing centrally an apophysis and the proximal part of the corresponding cladium. (D) Proximal most hydrotheca. (E) Distalmost hydrotheca, note the absence of the distal part of its corresponding internode. (F) Portion of fertile stem with rows of gonothecae. (G) Gonotheca. (H) More detailed view of a gonotheca, showing apical" captionText-1="Fig. 2. Plumularia roxanae sp. nov. (A) Portion of ramified stolon, showing internal spurs. (B) Two stem internodes and proximal parts of their corresponding cladia. (C) Portion of stem with gonotheca. (D) Detail of stem internode. (E, F) Two hydrothecae seen laterally, note differences in the adaxial perisarc thickening. (G) Hydrotheca seen from above, note the position of lateral nematothecae. (H) Base of hydrotheca with mesial nematotheca. (I) Distal part of hydrotheca with lateral nematotheca. (J) Cladial ahydrothecate internode. (K) Gonotheca. Scale bars: 50 μm (D, H-K), 100 μm (E-G), 200 μm (B, C), 300 μm (A)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6986318" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5743866" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/6986318/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5743866/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">Figs 1-2</figureCitation>
; 
<tableCitation id="10010301FFA1C66C351EFC16FB53FC32" box="[1129,1240,994,1017]" captionStart-0="Table 1" captionStart-1="Table 2" captionStartId-0="4.[831,884,936,957]" captionStartId-1="5.[99,152,582,603]" captionTargetBox-0="[842,1417,1026,2064]" captionTargetId-1="graphics-29@5.[99,1914,637,1786]" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="Table 1. Measurements of Plumularia roxanae sp. nov., in μm." captionText-1="Table 2. Nominal species of Plumularia Lamarck, 1816 from the tropical Indo-west Pacific, and their distinctive features to P. roxanae sp. nov." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/09FC6632FFA4C6693248FC5CFC47FC1C" httpUri-1="http://table.plazi.org/id/09FC6632FFA5C6683114FDB2FA4BFD90" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" tableUuid-0="09FC6632FFA4C6693248FC5CFC47FC1C" tableUuid-1="09FC6632FFA5C6683114FDB2FA4BFD90">Tables 1-2</tableCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="15996531FFA1C66C3248FBE5FBE0FAFC" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="5D3C36BAFFA1C66C3248FBE5FB1DFBA3" blockId="1.[831,1437,1041,1128]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">
<materialsCitation id="EDEB3CE7FFA1C66C3248FBE5FB1DFBA3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3886979301" collectedFrom="red alga" collectingDate="2020-01-13" country="Indonesia" location="Pererenan beach" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" specimenCode="MHNG-INVE-137167" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bali" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA1C66C3248FBE5FC3AFBE3" bold="true" box="[831,945,1041,1064]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">
<typeStatus id="82388818FFA1C66C3248FBE5FC27FBE3" box="[831,940,1041,1064]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="0D259EC1FFA1C66C32CAFBE5FB3EFBE3" box="[957,1205,1041,1064]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">MHNG-INVE-137167</specimenCode>
; 
<collectingCountry id="2594762AFFA1C66C35B3FBE5FAD2FBE3" box="[1220,1369,1041,1064]" name="Indonesia" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">INDONESIA</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="9F47F858FFA1C66C341EFBE5FA13FBE3" box="[1385,1432,1041,1064]" country="Indonesia" name="Bali" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">Bali</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="585C6061FFA1C66C3248FBC5FC74FB83" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D52A87ACFFA1C66432A7FC35FD06FC61:585C6061FFA1C66C3248FBC5FC74FB83" box="[831,1023,1073,1096]" country="Indonesia" name="Pererenan beach" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" stateProvince="Bali">Pererenan beach</location>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="38B7507DFFA1C66C3563FBC5FB1BFB83" box="[1044,1168,1073,1096]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">-8.650831°</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="38B7507DFFA1C66C35D3FBC5FABAFB83" box="[1188,1329,1073,1096]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">115.119820°</geoCoordinate>
; 
<date id="293D107AFFA1C66C3431FBC5FCF3FBA3" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" value="2020-01-13">
<collectingDate id="3979E992FFA1C66C3431FBC5FCF3FBA3" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" value="2020-01-13">13 Jan. 2020</collectingDate>
</date>
; fertile colony on 
<collectedFrom id="EE9F7547FFA1C66C354DFBA5FB18FBA3" box="[1082,1171,1105,1128]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">red alga</collectedFrom>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D3C36BAFFA1C66C3248FB74FBE0FAFC" blockId="1.[831,1436,1152,1335]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA1C66C3248FB74FC34FB5C" bold="true" box="[831,959,1152,1175]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">
<typeStatus id="82388818FFA1C66C3248FB74FC32FB5C" box="[831,953,1152,1175]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="EDEB3CE7FFA1C66C32A9FB74FA9DFB1C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3886979303" collectedFrom="red alga" collectingDate="2020-01-13" collectorName="Pererenan" country="Indonesia" location="Pererenan beach" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" specimenCode="MHNG-INVE-137168" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bali" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="0D259EC1FFA1C66C32A9FB74FB57FB5C" box="[990,1244,1152,1175]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">MHNG-INVE-137168</specimenCode>
; 
<collectingCountry id="2594762AFFA1C66C3477FB74FA13FB5C" box="[1280,1432,1152,1175]" name="Indonesia" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">INDONESIA</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="9F47F858FFA1C66C3248FB54FCE4FB7C" box="[831,879,1184,1207]" country="Indonesia" name="Bali" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">Bali</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="585C6061FFA1C66C32FBFB54FBDFFB7C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D52A87ACFFA1C66432A7FC35FD06FC61:585C6061FFA1C66C32FBFB54FBDFFB7C" box="[908,1108,1184,1207]" country="Indonesia" name="Pererenan beach" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" stateProvince="Bali">Pererenan beach</location>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="38B7507DFFA1C66C3507FB54FB6EFB7C" box="[1136,1253,1184,1207]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">-8.650831</geoCoordinate>
°, 
<geoCoordinate id="38B7507DFFA1C66C347DFB54FA1BFB7C" box="[1290,1424,1184,1207]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">115.119820</geoCoordinate>
°; 
<date id="293D107AFFA1C66C3248FB34FC53FB1C" box="[831,984,1216,1239]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" value="2020-01-13">
<collectingDate id="3979E992FFA1C66C3248FB34FC53FB1C" box="[831,984,1216,1239]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" value="2020-01-13">13 Jan. 2020</collectingDate>
</date>
; fertile colony on 
<collectedFrom id="EE9F7547FFA1C66C35C1FB34FA9DFB1C" box="[1206,1302,1216,1239]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">red alga</collectedFrom>
</materialsCitation>
. – 
<materialsCitation id="EDEB3CE7FFA1C66C3436FB34FBE0FAFC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3886979302" collectedFrom="3 fragments of red algae" collectingDate="2020-01-13" collectionCode="MHNG" collectorName="Pererenan" country="Indonesia" location="Pererenan beach" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" specimenCode="MHNG- INVE-137169" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bali" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCode id="0D259EC1FFA1C66C3436FB34FC56FB3C" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">MHNG- INVE-137169</specimenCode>
; 
<collectingCountry id="2594762AFFA1C66C3287FB14FB0EFB3C" box="[1008,1157,1248,1271]" name="Indonesia" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">INDONESIA</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion id="9F47F858FFA1C66C35EFFB14FB43FB3C" box="[1176,1224,1248,1271]" country="Indonesia" name="Bali" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">Bali</collectingRegion>
, 
<location id="585C6061FFA1C66C35ACFB14FA13FB3C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D52A87ACFFA1C66432A7FC35FD06FC61:585C6061FFA1C66C35ACFB14FA13FB3C" box="[1243,1432,1248,1271]" country="Indonesia" name="Pererenan beach" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" stateProvince="Bali">Pererenan beach</location>
; 
<geoCoordinate id="38B7507DFFA1C66C3248FAF4FC3AFADC" box="[831,945,1280,1303]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">-8.650831</geoCoordinate>
°, 
<geoCoordinate id="38B7507DFFA1C66C32B0FAF4FBC1FADC" box="[967,1098,1280,1303]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">115.119820</geoCoordinate>
°; 
<date id="293D107AFFA1C66C3529FAF4FB65FADC" box="[1118,1262,1280,1303]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" value="2020-01-13">
<collectingDate id="3979E992FFA1C66C3529FAF4FB65FADC" box="[1118,1262,1280,1303]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" value="2020-01-13">13 Jan. 2020</collectingDate>
</date>
; fertile colonies on 
<collectedFrom id="EE9F7547FFA1C66C3216FAD4FBE3FAFC" box="[865,1128,1312,1335]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">3 fragments of red algae</collectedFrom>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="15996531FFA1C66C3248FAA4FAB3F86C" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="5D3C36BAFFA1C66C3248FAA4FAB3F86C" blockId="1.[831,1437,1360,1959]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA1C66C3248FAA4FC30FAAC" bold="true" box="[831,955,1360,1383]" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Small-sized, epiphytic 
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA1C66C346AFAA4FA17FAAC" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" box="[1309,1436,1360,1383]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="1" pageNumber="367" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA1C66C346AFAA4FA17FAAC" box="[1309,1436,1360,1383]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="367">Plumularia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
arising from stolon with perisarcal spurs, giving rise to monosiphonic stems divided homomerously by transverse nodes into rather short, collinear internodes, each with a subterminal cladial apophysis provided with an inconspicuous adaxial mamelon and a pair of axillar nematothecae; cladia heteromerously segmented by alternating straight and oblique nodes into short, ahydrothecate internodes occasionally provided with a nematotheca, and up to three, comparatively longer hydrothecate internodes accommodating a centrally-placed hydrotheca and its three associated nematothecae; hydrotheca deep, saccate, partly adnate, distal portion distinctly constricted through the hypertrophy of the free adaxial wall that adopts a triangular shape, considerably reducing the thecal lumen; abaxial wall slightly convex; gonothecae in two closely-set, parallel rows along the stem, borne on the cladial apophyses, minute, ovoid, thick-walled.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="09FC6632FFA3C66E31E0F936FAF2F880" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5743866" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5743866" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5743866/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="369" startId="3.[151,186,1730,1751]" targetBox="[154,1433,258,1692]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="5D3C36BAFFA3C66E31E0F936FAF2F880" blockId="3.[151,1437,1730,1867]" pageId="3" pageNumber="369">
Fig. 2. 
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA3C66E3194F936FE2DF91C" authority="Galea, 2020" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2020" box="[227,422,1730,1751]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="369" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="roxanae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA3C66E3194F936FE2DF91C" box="[227,422,1730,1751]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="369">Plumularia roxanae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="74C457D3FFA3C66E30D9F936FE71F91C" box="[430,506,1730,1751]" pageId="3" pageNumber="369" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(A) Portion of ramified stolon, showing internal spurs. (B) Two stem internodes and proximal parts of their corresponding cladia. (C) Portion of stem with gonotheca. (D) Detail of stem internode. (E, F) Two hydrothecae seen laterally, note differences in the adaxial perisarc thickening. (G) Hydrotheca seen from above, note the position of lateral nematothecae. (H) Base of hydrotheca with mesial nematotheca. (I) Distal part of hydrotheca with lateral nematotheca. (J) Cladial ahydrothecate internode. (K) Gonotheca. Scale bars: 50 μm (D, H-K), 100 μm (E-G), 200 μm (B, C), 300 μm (A).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="09FC6632FFA3C66E31E0F866FBD3F7D1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6986318" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6986318" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6986318/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="369" startId="3.[151,186,1938,1959]" targetBox="[189,1398,259,2071]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="5D3C36BAFFA3C66E31E0F866FBD3F7D1" blockId="3.[151,1438,1938,2016]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,2024,2076]" pageId="3" pageNumber="369">
Fig. 1. 
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA3C66E3194F866FE2DF86C" authority="Galea, 2020" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2020" box="[227,422,1938,1959]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="3" pageNumber="369" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="roxanae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA3C66E3194F866FE2DF86C" box="[227,422,1938,1959]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="369">Plumularia roxanae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="74C457D3FFA3C66E30DAF866FE72F86C" box="[429,505,1938,1959]" pageId="3" pageNumber="369" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(A) Portion of cormoid. (B) Detail of a portion of stem with proximal parts of four successive cladia. (C) Detail of a stem internode, showing centrally an apophysis and the proximal part of the corresponding cladium. (D) Proximal most hydrotheca. (E) Distalmost hydrotheca, note the absence of the distal part of its corresponding internode. (F) Portion of fertile stem with rows of gonothecae. (G) Gonotheca. (H) More detailed view of a gonotheca, showing apical ◄ aperture (arrowhead). Scale bars: 50 μm (H), 100 μm (C-E, G), 200 μm (B, F), 500 μm (A).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="15996531FFA4C66931E0FEF6FEE5FE51" pageId="4" pageNumber="370" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="5D3C36BAFFA4C66931E0FEF6FEE5FE51" blockId="4.[151,756,258,410]" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA4C66931E0FEF6FE97FED2" bold="true" box="[151,284,258,281]" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">Etymology:</emphasis>
It is my great pleasure to dedicate this new species to the memory of my late mother, Roxana S. Galea (née Florescu, 
<date id="293D107AFFA4C66930D7FEB7FDA9FE91" box="[416,546,323,346]" pageId="4" pageNumber="370" value="1946-10-05">5 Oct. 1946</date>
– 
<date id="293D107AFFA4C6693334FEB7FD58FE91" box="[579,723,323,346]" pageId="4" pageNumber="370" value="1994-01-18">18 Jan. 1994</date>
), a Romanian biologist, who passed on to me her interest for natural sciences.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="15996531FFA4C66931E0FE47FB64FD72" pageId="4" pageNumber="370" type="description">
<paragraph id="5D3C36BAFFA4C66931E0FE47FB64FD72" blockId="4.[151,757,435,2077]" lastBlockId="4.[831,1437,258,697]" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA4C66931E0FE47FEADFE01" bold="true" box="[151,294,435,458]" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">Description:</emphasis>
Colonies epiphytic on algae, composed of numerous erect cormoids arising from creeping, branching, flattened stolonal tubes firmly attached to substrate; lumen with two lateral rows of perisarcal spurs; a wide flange of thinner perisarc flanking outer lateral sides. Stems short, up to 
<quantity id="9A7B9B5FFFA4C669308BFDA1FDB7FDA7" box="[508,572,597,620]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="370" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
high, with thick and firm perisarc, gradually thinning out distally; monosiphonic, divided by means of transverse nodes into a regular sequence of collinear, rather short internodes, length slightly increasing gradually towards tips of cormoids; each internode with two internal perisarc ridges (one above proximal node, the second below the distal node) and a subterminal cladial apophysis; apophyses alternate along the stem, the two rows either in one plane in some specimens or variably shifted on to the anterior side of the colony in others; apophyses well-developed, each with a subterminal, internal perisarc ridge, an inconspicuous mamelon (reduced to a mere pore) with small, circular aperture on adcauline side, and a pair of axillar nematothecae, one to each lateral side; distal node straight. Cladia given off at an angle of about 45° with the long axis of the stem; up to 
<quantity id="9A7B9B5FFFA4C6693068FB8FFEEAFB59" box="[287,353,1147,1170]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="370" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long, divided heteromerously by an alternation of deeply-incised, straight and oblique nodes delimiting a- and hydrothecate internodes; first cladial internode ahydrothecate; all ahydrothecate internodes short, with proximal node straight and distal node oblique, with two internal perisarc ridges (one proximal, one distal) and, occasionally, with a nematotheca in middle of upper side; hydrothecate internodes, up to 3 per cladium, comparatively longer than their ahydrothecate counterparts, slightly sigmoid in overall shape, with proximal node oblique and distal node straight, a centrally-placed hydrotheca (together with its 3 associated nematothecae), occupying more than half the length of the internode, and two internal perisarc ridges near both ends. Hydrotheca deep, saccate, adnate for about 2/3 to its corresponding internode; abaxial wall thick, slightly convex proximally; free adaxial wall exceedingly hypertrophied, adopting a triangular shape, free angle upturned; adnate adaxial wall moderately thick, forming an L-shaped perisarc thickening at junction with the hydrothecal base, the latter pierced by circular foramen for the passage of the hydranth; hydrothecal aperture facing nearly upwards, rim entire, circular in apical view; mesial nematotheca well below the hydrothecal base, mounted on small prominence of the internode; lateral nematothecae borne on indistinct apophyses and hidden by the free portion of the adaxial wall when the hydrotheca is seen frontally, and typically inclined over this side of the thecal wall; hydranths able to completely retract into their corresponding hydrothecae, with ca. 12 filiform tentacles in a whorl around a dome-shaped hypostome. All nematothecae of the colony movable, elongate-conical in shape and bithalamic; lower chamber comparatively taller than upper one, the latter with the wall slightly lowered on adaxial side. Gonothecae in two parallel, closely-set rows along the stem, arising singly from the anterior side of each cladial apophysis; likely male in the present material, with a homogenous, granular content; elongate-globular, thick-walled, with smooth outer surface, apically with a small funnel-shaped aperture in some specimens, delimited basally by transverse, thick diaphragm from a short, tubular pedicel.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="15996531FFA4C6643248FD25FE20FC90" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="375" pageId="4" pageNumber="370" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="5D3C36BAFFA4C6643248FD25FD3AFEB2" blockId="4.[831,1437,721,872]" lastBlockId="9.[151,757,258,859]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="375" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA4C6693248FD25FC3AFD23" bold="true" box="[831,945,721,744]" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">Remarks:</emphasis>
Upon a comparison with all shallow-water, small-sized (generally not surpassing 
<quantity id="9A7B9B5FFFA4C66935AEFD05FA84FCC3" box="[1241,1295,753,776]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="370" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
high), shortcladiate, nominal species of 
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA4C66935D1FCE5FCFEFC83" authority="Lamarck, 1816" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="370" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA4C66935D1FCE5FAA9FCE3" box="[1190,1314,785,808]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">Plumularia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA4C6693442FCE5FCFEFC83" author="Lamarck J. B." pageId="4" pageNumber="370" refId="ref5913" refString="Lamarck J. B. 1816. Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebres. Verdiere, Paris, 568 pp." type="book" year="1816">Lamarck, 1816</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from the tropical Indian and western Pacific oceans (
<tableCitation id="10010301FFA4C66932EFFCA5FC61FCA3" box="[920,1002,849,872]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="4.[831,884,936,957]" captionTargetBox="[842,1417,1026,2064]" captionText="Table 1. Measurements of Plumularia roxanae sp. nov., in μm." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/09FC6632FFA4C6693248FC5CFC47FC1C" pageId="4" pageNumber="370" tableUuid="09FC6632FFA4C6693248FC5CFC47FC1C">Table 1</tableCitation>
), it appears that the material at hand is distinctive, mainly through the shape of its hydrothecae. Similar gonothecae are only found in 
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA9C664331BFED6FEB9FE92" authority="Nutting, 1900" authorityName="Nutting" authorityYear="1900" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="375" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="floridana">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA9C664331BFED6FD7FFEF2" box="[620,756,290,313]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="375">P. floridana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA9C66431E0FEB6FEB9FE92" author="Nutting C. C." box="[151,306,322,345]" pageId="9" pageNumber="375" pagination="1 - 285" refId="ref6075" refString="Nutting C. C. 1900. American hydroids. Part I. The Plumularidae. Special Bulletin of the United States National Museum 4 (1): 1 - 285." type="journal article" year="1900">Nutting, 1900</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, a species of circumtropical occurrence, described under various names (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA9C6643098FE96FD2FFEB2" author="Calder D. R." box="[495,676,354,377]" pageId="9" pageNumber="375" pagination="1 - 84" refId="ref5594" refString="Calder D. R. 1997. Shallow-water hydroids of Bermuda: superfamily Plumularioidea. Royal Ontario Museum Life Sciences Contributions 161: 1 - 84." type="journal article" year="1997">Calder, 1997: 15</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="09FC6632FFA4C6693248FC5CFC47FC1C" ID-Table-UUID="09FC6632FFA4C6693248FC5CFC47FC1C" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/09FC6632FFA4C6693248FC5CFC47FC1C" pageId="4" pageNumber="370" startId="4.[831,884,936,957]" targetBox="[842,1417,1026,2064]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="5D3C36BAFFA4C6693248FC5CFC47FC1C" blockId="4.[831,1437,936,983]" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
Table 1. Measurements of 
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA4C669352DFC5CFAABFC76" authority="Galea, 2020" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2020" box="[1114,1312,936,957]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="4" pageNumber="370" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="roxanae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA4C669352DFC5CFAABFC76" box="[1114,1312,936,957]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">Plumularia roxanae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="74C457D3FFA4C669345DFC5CFAF7FC76" box="[1322,1404,936,957]" pageId="4" pageNumber="370" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, in μm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="5D3C36BAFFA4C669323DFBF6FAF7F7DB" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<table id="2F83C41AFFA43992323DFBF6FA02F7DB" box="[842,1417,1026,2064]" gridcols="2" gridrows="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DFBF6FA02FBDC" box="[842,1417,1026,1047]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<th id="A0625D84FFA43992323DFBF6FA02FBDC" box="[842,1417,1026,1047]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA4C669323DFBF6FCF5FBDC" bold="true" box="[842,894,1026,1047]" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">Stem</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DFBDCFA02FBF6" box="[842,1417,1064,1085]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DFBDCFA8AFBF6" box="[842,1281,1064,1085]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">- internodes, length</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992344EFBDCFA02FBF6" box="[1337,1417,1064,1085]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">220-285</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DFBBAFA02FBA8" box="[842,1417,1102,1123]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DFBBAFA8AFBA8" box="[842,1281,1102,1123]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">- internodes, diameter at node</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992344EFBBAFA02FBA8" box="[1337,1417,1102,1123]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">45-95</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DFB80FA02FB42" box="[842,1417,1140,1161]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DFB80FA8AFB42" box="[842,1281,1140,1161]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">- cladial apophyses, length</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992344EFB80FA02FB42" box="[1337,1417,1140,1161]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">40-45</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DFB6EFA02FB64" box="[842,1417,1178,1199]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DFB6EFA02FB64" box="[842,1417,1178,1199]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA4C669323DFB6EFC05FB64" bold="true" box="[842,910,1178,1199]" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">Cladia</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DFB34FA02FB1E" box="[842,1417,1216,1237]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DFB34FA8AFB1E" box="[842,1281,1216,1237]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">- ahydrothecate internodes, length</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992344EFB34FA02FB1E" box="[1337,1417,1216,1237]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">65-95</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DFB12FA02FB30" box="[842,1417,1254,1275]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DFB12FA8AFB30" box="[842,1281,1254,1275]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">- hydrothecate internodes, length</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992344EFB12FA02FB30" box="[1337,1417,1254,1275]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">255-300</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DFAF8FA02FAEA" box="[842,1417,1292,1313]" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DFAF8FA8AFAEA" box="[842,1281,1292,1313]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">- diameter at transverse node</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992344EFAF8FA02FAEA" box="[1337,1417,1292,1313]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">30-40</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DFAC5FA02FA8D" box="[842,1417,1329,1350]" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="370" rowspan-1="1">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DFAC5FA8AFA8D" box="[842,1281,1329,1350]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA4C669323DFAC5FC48FA8D" bold="true" box="[842,963,1329,1350]" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">Hydrotheca</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DFAA3FA02FAA7" box="[842,1417,1367,1388]" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DFAA3FA8AFAA7" box="[842,1281,1367,1388]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">- abaxial wall, length</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992344EFAA3FA02FAA7" box="[1337,1417,1367,1388]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">180-195</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DFA89FA02FA59" box="[842,1417,1405,1426]" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DFA89FA8AFA59" box="[842,1281,1405,1426]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">- free adaxial wall, length</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992344EFA89FA02FA59" box="[1337,1417,1405,1426]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">75-85</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DFA57FA02FA73" box="[842,1417,1443,1464]" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DFA57FA8AFA73" box="[842,1281,1443,1464]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">- adnate adaxial wall, length</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992344EFA57FA02FA73" box="[1337,1417,1443,1464]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">110-120</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DFA3DFA02FA15" box="[842,1417,1481,1502]" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DFA3DFA8AFA15" box="[842,1281,1481,1502]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">- diameter at rim</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992344EFA3DFA02FA15" box="[1337,1417,1481,1502]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">100-115</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DFA1BFA02F9CF" box="[842,1417,1519,1540]" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DFA1BFA02F9CF" box="[842,1417,1519,1540]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA4C669323DFA1BFC50F9CF" bold="true" box="[842,987,1519,1540]" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">Nematothecae</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DF9E1FA02F9E1" box="[842,1417,1557,1578]" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DF9E1FA8AF9E1" box="[842,1281,1557,1578]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">- axillar, length</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992344EF9E1FA02F9E1" box="[1337,1417,1557,1578]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">60-65</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DF9CFFA02F99B" box="[842,1417,1595,1616]" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DF9CFFA8AF99B" box="[842,1281,1595,1616]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">- axillar, diameter at rim</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992344EF9CFFA02F99B" box="[1337,1417,1595,1616]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">ca. 25</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DF995FA02F9BD" box="[842,1417,1633,1654]" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DF995FA8AF9BD" box="[842,1281,1633,1654]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">- of ahydrothecate internodes, length</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992344EF995FA02F9BD" box="[1337,1417,1633,1654]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">ca. 40</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DF973FA02F957" box="[842,1417,1671,1692]" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DF973FA8AF957" box="[842,1281,1671,1692]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">- of ahydrothecate internodes, diameter at rim</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992344EF973FA02F957" box="[1337,1417,1671,1692]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">ca. 25</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DF93FFA02F92B" box="[842,1417,1739,1760]" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DF93FFA8AF92B" box="[842,1281,1739,1760]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">- mesial, length</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992344EF93FFA02F92B" box="[1337,1417,1739,1760]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">ca. 55</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DF905FA02F8CD" box="[842,1417,1777,1798]" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DF905FA8AF8CD" box="[842,1281,1777,1798]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">- mesial, diameter at rim</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992344EF905FA02F8CD" box="[1337,1417,1777,1798]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">ca. 25</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DF8E3FA02F8E7" box="[842,1417,1815,1836]" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DF8E3FA8AF8E7" box="[842,1281,1815,1836]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">- lateral, length</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992344EF8E3FA02F8E7" box="[1337,1417,1815,1836]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">55-60</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DF8C9FA02F899" box="[842,1417,1853,1874]" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DF8C9FA8AF899" box="[842,1281,1853,1874]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">- lateral, diameter at rim</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992344EF8C9FA02F899" box="[1337,1417,1853,1874]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">ca. 35</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DF897FA02F8B3" box="[842,1417,1891,1912]" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DF897FA02F8B3" box="[842,1417,1891,1912]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA4C669323DF897FC32F8B3" bold="true" box="[842,953,1891,1912]" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">Gonotheca</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DF87DFA02F855" box="[842,1417,1929,1950]" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DF87DFA8AF855" box="[842,1281,1929,1950]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">- length</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992344EF87DFA02F855" box="[1337,1417,1929,1950]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">195-220</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DF85BFA02F80F" box="[842,1417,1967,1988]" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DF85BFA8AF80F" box="[842,1281,1967,1988]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">- maximum width</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992344EF85BFA02F80F" box="[1337,1417,1967,1988]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">135-140</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DF821FA02F821" box="[842,1417,2005,2026]" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DF821FA8AF821" box="[842,1281,2005,2026]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">- pedicel, length</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992344EF821FA02F821" box="[1337,1417,2005,2026]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">45-50</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA43992323DF80FFA02F7DB" box="[842,1417,2043,2064]" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992323DF80FFA8AF7DB" box="[842,1281,2043,2064]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">- pedicel, width</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA43992344EF80FFA02F7DB" box="[1337,1417,2043,2064]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="370">40-45</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="09FC6632FFA5C6683114FDB2FA4BFD90" ID-Table-UUID="09FC6632FFA5C6683114FDB2FA4BFD90" box="[99,1472,582,603]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/09FC6632FFA5C6683114FDB2FA4BFD90" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" startId="5.[99,152,582,603]" targetBox="[111,1880,643,1780]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="5D3C36BAFFA5C6683114FDB2FA4BFD90" blockId="5.[99,1472,582,603]" box="[99,1472,582,603]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
Table 2. Nominal species of 
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA5C6683001FDB2FDF1FD90" authority="Lamarck, 1816" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1816" box="[374,634,582,603]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA5C6683001FDB2FE68FD90" box="[374,483,582,603]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">Plumularia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C668309EFDB2FDF1FD90" author="Lamarck J. B." box="[489,634,582,603]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" refId="ref5913" refString="Lamarck J. B. 1816. Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebres. Verdiere, Paris, 568 pp." type="book" year="1816">Lamarck, 1816</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from the tropical Indo-west Pacific, and their distinctive features to 
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA5C668347DFDB2FAFBFD90" authority="Galea, 2020" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2020" box="[1290,1392,582,603]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="roxanae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA5C668347DFDB2FAFBFD90" box="[1290,1392,582,603]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">P. roxanae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="74C457D3FFA5C6683402FDB2FA4BFD90" box="[1397,1472,582,603]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="5D3C36BAFFA5C6683118FD7DF9DDF956" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
<table id="2F83C41AFFA539923118FD77F8D3F93F" box="[111,1880,643,1780]" colsContinueIn="6.[99,1877,609,1737]" gridcols="3" gridrows="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA539923118FD77F8D3FD55" box="[111,1880,643,670]" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
<th id="A0625D84FFA539923118FD77FEFCFD55" box="[111,375,643,670]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA5C6683118FD7DFE9FFD55" bold="true" box="[111,276,649,670]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">Nominal species</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="A0625D84FFA5399230EDFD77F98DFD55" box="[410,1542,643,670]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA5C66830EDFD7DFC71FD55" bold="true" box="[410,1018,643,670]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
Distinctive features to 
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA5C66833F7FD77FD62FD55" authority="Galea, 2020" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2020" box="[640,745,643,670]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="roxanae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA5C66833F7FD77FD62FD55" bold="true" box="[640,745,643,670]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">P. roxanae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="74C457D3FFA5C6683398FD7DFCB0FD55" box="[751,827,649,670]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Remarks. Habitat
</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="A0625D84FFA539923769FD77F8D3FD55" box="[1566,1880,643,670]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA5C6683769FD7DF8BDFD55" bold="true" box="[1566,1846,649,670]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">Distribution and references</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA539923118FD5BF8D3FD2B" box="[111,1880,687,736]" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
<th id="A0625D84FFA539923118FD5BFEFCFD2B" box="[111,375,687,736]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA5C6683118FD5BFE89FD2B" authority="(Watson, 2011)" baseAuthorityName="Watson" baseAuthorityYear="2011" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="amphibola">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA5C6683118FD5BFF66FD0F" box="[111,237,687,708]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">P. amphibola</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C6683102FD3FFF71FD2B" author="Watson J. E." box="[117,250,715,736]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="71 - 91" refId="ref6639" refString="Watson J. E. 2011. Review of the genus Monotheca (Hydrozoa: Leptolida) from Australia with description of a new species and a note on Monothecella Stechow, 1923. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 68: 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2011">Watson, 2011</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA5399230EDFD5BF98DFD2B" box="[410,1542,687,736]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
Nominal species indistinguishable morphologically from 
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA5C66832BEFD5BFAFFFD0F" authority="Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1911" authorityName="Mulder &amp; Trebilcock" authorityYear="1911" box="[969,1396,687,708]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="crateriformis">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA5C66832BEFD5BFBEAFD0F" box="[969,1121,687,708]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">P. crateriformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C668351FFD5BFAFFFD0F" author="Mulder J. F. &amp; Trebilcock R. E." box="[1128,1396,687,708]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="115 - 124" refId="ref5963" refString="Mulder J. F., Trebilcock R. E. 1911. Notes on Victorian Hydroida, with description of new species. (Continued). Geelong Naturalist 4 (4): 115 - 124." type="journal article" year="1911">Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, from which it was separated only on the account of the presence of single hydrothecate internodes on cladia. Epiphytic
</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA539923769FD5BF8D3FD2B" box="[1566,1880,687,736]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
Australia (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C66837F4FD5BF883FD0F" author="Watson J. E." box="[1667,1800,687,708]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="71 - 91" refId="ref6639" refString="Watson J. E. 2011. Review of the genus Monotheca (Hydrozoa: Leptolida) from Australia with description of a new species and a note on Monothecella Stechow, 1923. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 68: 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2011">Watson, 2011</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA539923118FD05F8D3FCB1" box="[111,1880,753,890]" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
<th id="A0625D84FFA539923118FD05FEFCFCB1" box="[111,375,753,890]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA5C6683118FD05FF77FCE8" authority="Stechow, 1923" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1923" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="angusta">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA5C6683118FD05FF59FCCD" box="[111,210,753,774]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">P. angusta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C6683118FCFAFF77FCE8" author="Stechow E." box="[111,252,782,803]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="29 - 270" refId="ref6313" refString="Stechow E. 1923. Zur Kenntnis des Hydroidenfauna des Mittelmeeres, Amerikas und anderer Gebiete. II. Teil. Zoologische Jahrbucher 47 (1): 29 - 270." type="journal article" year="1923">Stechow, 1923</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA5399230EDFD05F98DFCB1" box="[410,1542,753,890]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
Nominal species created by 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C66833D8FD05FCF7FCCD" author="Stechow E." box="[687,892,753,774]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="29 - 270" refId="ref6313" refString="Stechow E. 1923. Zur Kenntnis des Hydroidenfauna des Mittelmeeres, Amerikas und anderer Gebiete. II. Teil. Zoologische Jahrbucher 47 (1): 29 - 270." type="journal article" year="1923">Stechow (1923: 226)</bibRefCitation>
for 3 varieties (a, b, d) of 
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA5C66835F3FD05FAF6FCCD" authority="Bale, 1882" authorityName="Bale" authorityYear="1882" box="[1156,1405,753,774]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="setaceoides">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA5C66835F3FD05FA87FCCD" box="[1156,1292,753,774]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">P. setaceoides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C6683464FD05FAF6FCCD" author="Bale W. M." box="[1299,1405,753,774]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="15 - 48" refId="ref5309" refString="Bale W. M. 1882. On the Hydroida of south-eastern Australia, with descriptions of supposed new species, and notes on the genus Aglaophenia. Journal of the Microscopical Society of Victoria 2 (1): 15 - 48." type="journal article" year="1882">Bale, 1882</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
dealt with by 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C66830EDFCFAFD24FCE8" author="Mulder J. F. &amp; Trebilcock R. E." box="[410,687,782,803]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="115 - 124" refId="ref5963" refString="Mulder J. F., Trebilcock R. E. 1911. Notes on Victorian Hydroida, with description of new species. (Continued). Geelong Naturalist 4 (4): 115 - 124." type="journal article" year="1911">Mulder &amp; Trebilcock (1911</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 3 figs 3-3b, pl. 3 fig. 6, pl. 2 fig. 9, respectively). Subsequently reported upon by 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C66830EDFCDFFDAFFC8B" author="Watson J. E." box="[410,548,811,832]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="157 - 176" refId="ref6452" refString="Watson J. E. 1975. Hydroids of Bruny Island, southern Tasmania. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 99 (4): 157 - 176." type="journal article" year="1975">Watson (1975</bibRefCitation>
: figs 30-31). No comprehensive description available, but morphology of both hydro- and gonothecae similar to that of the better-known 
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA5C668339AFCBCFC31FC96" authority="Bale, 1926" authorityName="Bale" authorityYear="1926" box="[749,954,840,861]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="wilsoni">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA5C668339AFCBCFCC1FC96" box="[749,842,840,861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">P. wilsoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C6683225FCBCFC31FC96" author="Bale W. M." box="[850,954,840,861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="13 - 23" refId="ref5477" refString="Bale W. M. 1926. Further notes on Australian hydroids. V. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 38: 13 - 23." type="journal article" year="1926">Bale, 1926</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(see below), with which it could be conspecific, in that case having priority. Presumably epiphytic
</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA539923769FD05F8D3FCB1" box="[1566,1880,753,890]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
Australia, Tasmania (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C668379DFD05F948FCE8" author="Mulder J. F. &amp; Trebilcock R. E." pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="115 - 124" refId="ref5963" refString="Mulder J. F., Trebilcock R. E. 1911. Notes on Victorian Hydroida, with description of new species. (Continued). Geelong Naturalist 4 (4): 115 - 124." type="journal article" year="1911">Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1911</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C66837BAFCFAF8DAFCE8" author="Watson J. E." box="[1741,1873,782,803]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="157 - 176" refId="ref6452" refString="Watson J. E. 1975. Hydroids of Bruny Island, southern Tasmania. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 99 (4): 157 - 176." type="journal article" year="1975">Watson, 1975</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA539923118FC7FF8D3FBFB" box="[111,1880,907,1072]" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
<th id="A0625D84FFA539923118FC7FFEFCFBFB" box="[111,375,907,1072]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA5C6683118FC7FFEA7FC77" authority="Kirchenpauer, 1876" authorityName="Kirchenpauer" authorityYear="1876" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA5C6683118FC7FFF51FC6B" box="[111,218,907,928]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">P. australis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C6683118FC53FEA7FC77" author="Kirchenpauer G. H." box="[111,300,935,956]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref5871" refString="Kirchenpauer G. H. 1876. Ueber die Hydroidenfamilie Plumularidae, einzelne Gruppen derselben und ihre Fruchtbehalter. II. Plumularia und Nemertesia. Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der Naturwissenschaften, Hamburg 6 (2): 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1876">Kirchenpauer, 1876</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA5399230EDFC7FF98DFBFB" box="[410,1542,907,1072]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">Stem internodes moderately-long, geniculate; cladial apophyses with a mamelon and an axillar nematotheca; cladia composed of a proximal, short, athecate internode, followed by a hydrothecate internode; hydrotheca seated in a concavity of internode, slightly compressed laterally, abaxial wall distinctly cambered, adaxial wall projecting a strong, oblique intrathecal septum, rim weakly to noticeably sinuous; dioecious, 1-3 gonothecae on lower stem internodes, large, flask-shaped, body narrowing distally to an upwardly bent, cylindrical neck, with a wide, circular, thickened aperture with broadly everted rim. Epiphytic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA539923769FC7FF8D3FBFB" box="[1566,1880,907,1072]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
Australia (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C66837F4FC7FF881FC6B" author="Watson J. E." box="[1667,1802,907,928]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" refId="ref6484" refString="Watson J. E. 1990. Studies on Australian hydroids. The genus Eudendrium and the fauna of the seagrass Amphibolis. Deakin University, Melbourne, 288 pp." type="book" year="1990">Watson, 1990</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C6683663FC7FF8CFFC6B" author="Watson J. E." box="[1812,1860,907,928]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="71 - 91" refId="ref6639" refString="Watson J. E. 2011. Review of the genus Monotheca (Hydrozoa: Leptolida) from Australia with description of a new species and a note on Monothecella Stechow, 1923. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 68: 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2011">2011</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA539923118FBB5F8D3FB02" box="[111,1880,1089,1225]" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
<th id="A0625D84FFA539923118FBB5FEFCFB02" box="[111,375,1089,1225]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA5C6683118FBB5FF5CFBB9" authority="Bale, 1888" authorityName="Bale" authorityYear="1888" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="caliculata">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA5C6683118FBB5FF6DFB9D" box="[111,230,1089,1110]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">P. caliculata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C6683118FBA9FF5CFBB9" author="Bale W. M." box="[111,215,1117,1138]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="745 - 799" refId="ref5375" refString="Bale W. M. 1888. On some new and rare Hydroida in the Australian Museum collection. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 2 (3) 2: 745 - 799." type="journal article" year="1888">Bale, 1888</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA5399230EDFBB5F98DFB02" box="[410,1542,1089,1225]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">Stem internodes moderately-long, slightly geniculate, with internal septa at both ends, and 1 nematotheca; cladial apophyses with low mamelon and 1 axillar nematotheca; cladia heteromerous, internodes with septa at both ends, up to 5 hydrothecate internodes; hydrothecae cup-shaped, shallow, fully adnate, abaxial wall thickened and swollen basally; monoecious, gonothecae forming a continuous row on front of stem, attached to successive cladial apophyses just under mamelon, female globular with external marsupium, male elongated. Epiphytic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA539923769FBB5F8D3FB02" box="[1566,1880,1089,1225]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
Australia, New Zealand, Japan (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C6683752FBA9F896FBB9" author="Vervoort W. &amp; Watson J. E." box="[1573,1821,1117,1138]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="1 - 538" refId="ref6380" refString="Vervoort W., Watson J. E. 2003. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Leptothecata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) (thecate hydroids). NIWA Biodiversity Memoir 119: 1 - 538." type="journal article" year="2003">Vervoort &amp; Watson, 2003</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA539923118FB2EF8D3FA8E" box="[111,1880,1242,1349]" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
<th id="A0625D84FFA539923118FB2EFEFCFA8E" box="[111,375,1242,1349]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA5C6683118FB2EFF5CFAC7" authority="Bale, 1882" authorityName="Bale" authorityYear="1882" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="compressa">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA5C6683118FB2EFF67FB24" box="[111,236,1242,1263]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">P. compressa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C6683118FB03FF5CFAC7" author="Bale W. M." box="[111,215,1271,1292]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="15 - 48" refId="ref5309" refString="Bale W. M. 1882. On the Hydroida of south-eastern Australia, with descriptions of supposed new species, and notes on the genus Aglaophenia. Journal of the Microscopical Society of Victoria 2 (1): 15 - 48." type="journal article" year="1882">Bale, 1882</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA5399230EDFB2EF98DFA8E" box="[410,1542,1242,1349]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
The hydro- and gonothecae of this nominal species appear indistinguishable from those of 
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA5C668347DFB2EFE41FAC7" authority="Kirchenpauer, 1876" authorityName="Kirchenpauer" authorityYear="1876" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA5C668347DFB2EFAFDFB24" box="[1290,1398,1242,1263]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">P. australis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C668340AFB2EFE41FAC7" author="Kirchenpauer G. H." pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref5871" refString="Kirchenpauer G. H. 1876. Ueber die Hydroidenfamilie Plumularidae, einzelne Gruppen derselben und ihre Fruchtbehalter. II. Plumularia und Nemertesia. Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der Naturwissenschaften, Hamburg 6 (2): 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1876">Kirchenpauer, 1876</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(see above); compare 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C66833D6FB03FC86FAC7" author="Bale W. M." box="[673,781,1271,1292]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="15 - 48" refId="ref5309" refString="Bale W. M. 1882. On the Hydroida of south-eastern Australia, with descriptions of supposed new species, and notes on the genus Aglaophenia. Journal of the Microscopical Society of Victoria 2 (1): 15 - 48." type="journal article" year="1882">Bale (1882</bibRefCitation>
: p. 15, figs 5-5a), 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C66832C1FB03FBA9FAC7" author="Bale W. M." box="[950,1058,1271,1292]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" refId="ref5353" refString="Bale W. M. 1884. Catalogue of the Australian hydroid zoophytes. Australian Museum, Sydney, 198 pp." type="book" year="1884">Bale (1884</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 12 figs 9-10, pl. 19 figs 39-40) and 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C66834E2FB03F98AFAC7" author="Bale W. M." box="[1429,1537,1271,1292]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="745 - 799" refId="ref5375" refString="Bale W. M. 1888. On some new and rare Hydroida in the Australian Museum collection. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 2 (3) 2: 745 - 799." type="journal article" year="1888">Bale (1888</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 19 fig. 14) with 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C6683323FAE7FD49FAE3" author="Bale W. M." box="[596,706,1299,1320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" refId="ref5353" refString="Bale W. M. 1884. Catalogue of the Australian hydroid zoophytes. Australian Museum, Sydney, 198 pp." type="book" year="1884">Bale (1884</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 12 figs 7-8, pl. 19 figs 43-44) and 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C6683544FAE7FB30FAE3" author="Watson J. E." box="[1075,1211,1299,1320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" refId="ref6484" refString="Watson J. E. 1990. Studies on Australian hydroids. The genus Eudendrium and the fauna of the seagrass Amphibolis. Deakin University, Melbourne, 288 pp." type="book" year="1990">Watson (1990</bibRefCitation>
: figs 177-182), respectively. If the synonymy is accepted, Kirchenpauer’ species has priority. Epiphytic
</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA539923769FB2EF8D3FA8E" box="[1566,1880,1242,1349]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
Australia (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C66837F4FB2EF882FB24" author="Watson J. E." box="[1667,1801,1242,1263]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="495 - 611" refId="ref6559" refString="Watson J. E. 2005. Hydroids of the Archipelago of the Recherche and Esperance, Western Australia: annotated list, redescription of species and description of new species [pp. 495 - 611]. In: Wells F. E., Walker D. I., Kendrick G. (eds), The Marine Flora and fauna of Esperance, Western Australia. Western Australian Museum, Perth, 727 pp." type="book chapter" year="2005">Watson, 2005</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA539923118FAA2F8D3FA6E" box="[111,1880,1366,1445]" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
<th id="A0625D84FFA539923118FAA2FEFCFA6E" box="[111,375,1366,1445]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA5C6683118FAA2FEFCFA43" authority="Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1914" authorityName="Mulder &amp; Trebilcock" authorityYear="1914" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="corrugatissima">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA5C6683118FAA2FE9CFAA0" box="[111,279,1366,1387]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">P. corrugatissima</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C6683118FA87FEFCFA43" author="Mulder J. F. &amp; Trebilcock R. E." box="[111,375,1395,1416]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="38 - 47" refId="ref6002" refString="Mulder J. F., Trebilcock R. E. 1914. Victorian Hydroida. With description of new species. Part IV. Geelong Naturalist 6 (2): 38 - 47." type="journal article" year="1914">Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1914</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA5399230EDFAA2F98DFA6E" box="[410,1542,1366,1445]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">Nominal species inaccurately described. Stem internodes with 1 nematotheca; cladial apophyses with 2 nematothecae; cladia heteromerous, hydrothecate internodes distinctly swollen; hydrothecae small, cup-shaped, shallow, about as deep as wide, fully adnate, rim everted frontally, aperture somewhat oblique; gonothecae unknown. Presumably epiphytic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA539923769FAA2F8D3FA6E" box="[1566,1880,1366,1445]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
Australia (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C66837F4FAA2F9DAFA43" author="Mulder J. F. &amp; Trebilcock R. E." pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="38 - 47" refId="ref6002" refString="Mulder J. F., Trebilcock R. E. 1914. Victorian Hydroida. With description of new species. Part IV. Geelong Naturalist 6 (2): 38 - 47." type="journal article" year="1914">Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1914</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C668372CFA87F94FFA43" author="Bale W. M." box="[1627,1732,1395,1416]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="327 - 362" refId="ref5446" refString="Bale W. M. 1919. Further notes on Australian hydroids. IV. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 31 (2): 327 - 362." type="journal article" year="1919">Bale, 1919</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA539923118FA42F8D3F990" box="[111,1880,1462,1627]" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
<th id="A0625D84FFA539923118FA42FEFCF990" box="[111,375,1462,1627]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA5C6683118FA42FEFDFA23" authority="Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1911" authorityName="Mulder &amp; Trebilcock" authorityYear="1911" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="crateriformis">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA5C6683118FA42FE8EFA00" box="[111,261,1462,1483]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">P. crateriformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C6683118FA27FEFDFA23" author="Mulder J. F. &amp; Trebilcock R. E." box="[111,374,1491,1512]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="115 - 124" refId="ref5963" refString="Mulder J. F., Trebilcock R. E. 1911. Notes on Victorian Hydroida, with description of new species. (Continued). Geelong Naturalist 4 (4): 115 - 124." type="journal article" year="1911">Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA5399230EDFA42F98DF990" box="[410,1542,1462,1627]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">Stolon with nematothecae. Stems divided by strongly oblique nodes; internodes short, robust, with several thick complete internal septal ridges, and 1 nematotheca; cladial apophyses with 1 axillar nematotheca; ahydrothecate internodes with 1 nematotheca, with the exception of the proximal most; hydrothecae perched on bulges of upper side of hydrothecate internodes, alternating with 3 strong septal ridges; symmetrical, cup-shaped, walls expanding to margin, base rounded, aperture outrolled; 1-3 gonothecae in lower stem region, often of both sexes, urn-shaped, distally a dome-shaped cap, gonophore with row of refringent corpuscles. Epiphytic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA539923769FA42F8D3F990" box="[1566,1880,1462,1627]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
Australia (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C66837F4FA42F9DBFA2C" author="Mulder J. F. &amp; Trebilcock R. E." pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="115 - 124" refId="ref5963" refString="Mulder J. F., Trebilcock R. E. 1911. Notes on Victorian Hydroida, with description of new species. (Continued). Geelong Naturalist 4 (4): 115 - 124." type="journal article" year="1911">Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1911</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C668372DFA26F954FA2C" author="Watson J. E." box="[1626,1759,1490,1511]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" refId="ref6484" refString="Watson J. E. 1990. Studies on Australian hydroids. The genus Eudendrium and the fauna of the seagrass Amphibolis. Deakin University, Melbourne, 288 pp." type="book" year="1990">Watson, 1990</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C668379EFA26F891FA2C" author="Watson J. E." box="[1769,1818,1490,1511]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="495 - 611" refId="ref6559" refString="Watson J. E. 2005. Hydroids of the Archipelago of the Recherche and Esperance, Western Australia: annotated list, redescription of species and description of new species [pp. 495 - 611]. In: Wells F. E., Walker D. I., Kendrick G. (eds), The Marine Flora and fauna of Esperance, Western Australia. Western Australian Museum, Perth, 727 pp." type="book chapter" year="2005">2005</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA539923118F998F8D3F93F" box="[111,1880,1644,1780]" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
<th id="A0625D84FFA539923118F998FEFCF93F" box="[111,375,1644,1780]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA5C6683118F998FEFDF956" authority="Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1911" authorityName="Mulder &amp; Trebilcock" authorityYear="1911" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="crateroides">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA5C6683118F998FF79F94A" box="[111,242,1644,1665]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">P. crateroides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C6683118F97CFEFDF956" author="Mulder J. F. &amp; Trebilcock R. E." box="[111,374,1672,1693]" pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="115 - 124" refId="ref5963" refString="Mulder J. F., Trebilcock R. E. 1911. Notes on Victorian Hydroida, with description of new species. (Continued). Geelong Naturalist 4 (4): 115 - 124." type="journal article" year="1911">Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA5399230EDF998F98DF93F" box="[410,1542,1644,1780]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">Nominal species inaccurately described. Stolon with nematothecae; stem internodes “with about three transverse wrinkles” and 1 nematotheca; cladial apophyses with 1 nematotheca; cladia heteromerous; hydrothecae cup-shaped, rather shallow, expanding upwards, partly adnate to the corresponding internode; gonothecae given off singly from base of stem, “somewhat flattened beneath, convex on top, obliquely truncated, aperture very large, margin everted”. Presumably epiphytic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA539923769F998F8D3F93F" box="[1566,1880,1644,1780]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="371">
Australia (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA5C66837F4F998F9C5F956" author="Mulder J. F. &amp; Trebilcock R. E." pageId="5" pageNumber="371" pagination="115 - 124" refId="ref5963" refString="Mulder J. F., Trebilcock R. E. 1911. Notes on Victorian Hydroida, with description of new species. (Continued). Geelong Naturalist 4 (4): 115 - 124." type="journal article" year="1911">Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1911</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D3C36BAFFA6C66B3114FD93F914F967" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
<table id="2F83C41AFFA639923114FD95F8DEF902" box="[99,1877,609,1737]" colsContinueFrom="5.[111,1880,643,1780]" colsContinueIn="7.[99,1883,538,1799]" gridcols="3" gridrows="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA639923114FD95F8DEFDB7" box="[99,1877,609,636]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
<th id="A0625D84FFA639923114FD95FEE1FDB7" box="[99,362,609,636]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA6C66B3114FD93FE83FDB7" bold="true" box="[99,264,615,636]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">Nominal species</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="A0625D84FFA6399230F8FD95FA70FDB7" box="[399,1531,609,636]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA6C66B30F8FD93FC64FDB7" bold="true" box="[399,1007,609,636]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
Distinctive features to 
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA6C66B3302FD95FD56FDB7" authority="Galea, 2020" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2020" box="[629,733,609,636]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="roxanae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA6C66B3302FD95FD56FDB7" bold="true" box="[629,733,609,636]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">P. roxanae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="74C457D3FFA6C66B3393FD93FCBBFDB7" box="[740,816,615,636]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Remarks. Habitat
</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="A0625D84FFA639923764FD95F8DEFDB7" box="[1555,1877,609,636]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA6C66B3764FD93F8A0FDB7" bold="true" box="[1555,1835,615,636]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">Distribution and references</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA639923114FD79F8DEFC84" box="[99,1877,653,847]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
<th id="A0625D84FFA639923114FD79FEE1FC84" box="[99,362,653,847]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA6C66B3114FD79FF6CFD74" authority="Watson, 1973" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="1973" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="epibracteolosa">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA6C66B3114FD79FE81FD69" box="[99,266,653,674]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">P. epibracteolosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA6C66B3114FD5EFF6CFD74" author="Watson J. E." box="[99,231,682,703]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" pagination="153 - 200" refId="ref6418" refString="Watson J. E. 1973. Pearson Island Expedition 1969. - 9. Hydroids. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 97 (3): 153 - 200." type="journal article" year="1973">Watson, 1973</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA6399230F8FD79FA70FC84" box="[399,1531,653,847]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">Stem divided by strongly oblique nodes; internodes with 3-4 internal ridges of perisarc, and 1 nematotheca; cladial apophyses with an axillar nematotheca besides the adaxial pore; cladial hydrothecate internodes with 4-5 internal ridges of perisarc; hydrothecae wide, shallow, cup-shaped; abaxial wall distinctly thickened; adaxial wall adnate to hydrocladium only near base, the remainder joined to the internode by a wedge of perisarc; margin sinuated, with a thickened outwardly rolled rim, the line of the margin curved down posteriorly to meet the internode; aperture truncated adaxially by a delicate transverse sheet of perisarc; a couple of large, piriform gonothecae arising from old, basal hydrocladial apophyses. Epiphytic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA639923764FD79F8DEFC84" box="[1555,1877,653,847]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
Australia, New Zealand (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA6C66B3673FD79F9CDFD74" author="Watson J. E." pageId="6" pageNumber="372" pagination="153 - 200" refId="ref6418" refString="Watson J. E. 1973. Pearson Island Expedition 1969. - 9. Hydroids. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 97 (3): 153 - 200." type="journal article" year="1973">Watson, 1973</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA6C66B3738FD5EF8CDFD74" author="Vervoort W. &amp; Watson J. E." box="[1615,1862,682,703]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" pagination="1 - 538" refId="ref6380" refString="Vervoort W., Watson J. E. 2003. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Leptothecata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) (thecate hydroids). NIWA Biodiversity Memoir 119: 1 - 538." type="journal article" year="2003">Vervoort &amp; Watson, 2003</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA639923114FC94F8DEFC65" box="[99,1877,864,942]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
<th id="A0625D84FFA639923114FC94FEE1FC65" box="[99,362,864,942]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA6C66B3114FC94FEE1FC5A" authority="Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1911" authorityName="Mulder &amp; Trebilcock" authorityYear="1911" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="excavata">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA6C66B3114FC94FF5BFCBE" box="[99,208,864,885]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">P. excavata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA6C66B3114FC88FEE1FC5A" author="Mulder J. F. &amp; Trebilcock R. E." box="[99,362,892,913]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" pagination="115 - 124" refId="ref5963" refString="Mulder J. F., Trebilcock R. E. 1911. Notes on Victorian Hydroida, with description of new species. (Continued). Geelong Naturalist 4 (4): 115 - 124." type="journal article" year="1911">Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA6399230F8FC94FA70FC65" box="[399,1531,864,942]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">Nominal species inaccurately described. Stem “annulated”, without nematothecae; cladia bearing single, concave hydrothecate internodes; hydrothecae cup-shaped, partly adnate, abaxial wall distinctly sigmoid (strongly concave proximally, convex distally); gonothecae unknown. Presumably epiphytic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA639923764FC94F8DEFC65" box="[1555,1877,864,942]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
Australia (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA6C66B3700FC94F9C8FC5A" author="Mulder J. F. &amp; Trebilcock R. E." pageId="6" pageNumber="372" pagination="115 - 124" refId="ref5963" refString="Mulder J. F., Trebilcock R. E. 1911. Notes on Victorian Hydroida, with description of new species. (Continued). Geelong Naturalist 4 (4): 115 - 124." type="journal article" year="1911">Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1911</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA639923114FC4BF8DEFB4A" box="[99,1877,959,1153]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
<th id="A0625D84FFA639923114FC4BFEE1FB4A" box="[99,362,959,1153]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA6C66B3114FC4BFEAAFC3A" authority="Kirchenpauer, 1876" authorityName="Kirchenpauer" authorityYear="1876" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="filicaulis">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA6C66B3114FC4BFF45FC1F" box="[99,206,959,980]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">P.filicaulis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA6C66B3114FC28FEAAFC3A" author="Kirchenpauer G. H." box="[99,289,988,1009]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref5871" refString="Kirchenpauer G. H. 1876. Ueber die Hydroidenfamilie Plumularidae, einzelne Gruppen derselben und ihre Fruchtbehalter. II. Plumularia und Nemertesia. Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der Naturwissenschaften, Hamburg 6 (2): 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1876">Kirchenpauer, 1876</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA6399230F8FC4BFA70FB4A" box="[399,1531,959,1153]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">Colonies with sessile cladia and/or erect stems; stem divided by oblique nodes; internodes moderately-long, with 1 nematotheca; cladial apophyses with mamelon and 1 axillar nematotheca; cladia heteromerous, with up to 6 hydrothecate internodes; hydrothecae cup-shaped, basally adnate, abaxial wall slightly rounded, adaxial wall giving rise to an intrathecal septum, margin forming an angle of 45° with the internode, produced to form a peak on both the ad- and abaxial sides; gonothecae borne on hydrorhiza, firmly applied to substratum, flattened, thick-walled, irregularly ovate in outline, aperture small, circular on upper surface of distal end, a number of minute pores on upper surface. Epiphytic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA639923764FC4BF8DEFB4A" box="[1555,1877,959,1153]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
South Africa, Australia, Japan, Madagascar (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA6C66B37E3FC28F897FC3A" author="Millard N. A. H." box="[1684,1820,988,1009]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" pagination="1 - 513" refId="ref5934" refString="Millard N. A. H. 1975. Monograph on the Hydroida of southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum 68: 1 - 513." type="journal article" year="1975">Millard, 1975</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA6C66B3764FC0DF91CFBC5" author="Watson J. E." box="[1555,1687,1017,1038]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" pagination="495 - 611" refId="ref6559" refString="Watson J. E. 2005. Hydroids of the Archipelago of the Recherche and Esperance, Western Australia: annotated list, redescription of species and description of new species [pp. 495 - 611]. In: Wells F. E., Walker D. I., Kendrick G. (eds), The Marine Flora and fauna of Esperance, Western Australia. Western Australian Museum, Perth, 727 pp." type="book chapter" year="2005">Watson, 2005</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA639923114FB66F8DEFAFC" box="[99,1877,1170,1335]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
<th id="A0625D84FFA639923114FB66FEE1FAFC" box="[99,362,1170,1335]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA6C66B3114FB66FF40FB0F" authority="Bale, 1894" authorityName="Bale" authorityYear="1894" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flexuosa">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA6C66B3114FB66FF41FB6C" box="[99,202,1170,1191]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">P.flexuosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA6C66B3114FB5BFF40FB0F" author="Bale W. M." box="[99,203,1199,1220]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" pagination="93 - 117" refId="ref5413" refString="Bale W. M. 1894. Further notes on Australian hydroids, with descriptions of some new species. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 6: 93 - 117." type="journal article" year="1894">Bale, 1894</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA6399230F8FB66FA70FAFC" box="[399,1531,1170,1335]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">Stem occasionally branched; internodes moderately-long, geniculate, with 1 nematotheca; cladial apophyses with 1-2 axillar nematothecae, as well as an additional nematotheca on the apophysis itself; hydrothecae deeply campanulate, expanding to aperture, abaxial wall weakly concave, adaxial wall almost straight, a small portion free from the internode; dioecious, gonothecae on lower stem internodes, elongate-ovoid, twice as long as wide, distal end tapering, truncate above and there provided with a rather small, somewhat oblique aperture, without submarginal teeth. Epiphytic and epizoic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA639923764FB66F8DEFAFC" box="[1555,1877,1170,1335]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
Australia, New Zealand, Japan (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA6C66B376DFB5BF90DFB0F" author="Bale W. M." box="[1562,1670,1199,1220]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" pagination="93 - 117" refId="ref5413" refString="Bale W. M. 1894. Further notes on Australian hydroids, with descriptions of some new species. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 6: 93 - 117." type="journal article" year="1894">Bale, 1894</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA6C66B37F8FB5BF89EFB0F" author="Watson J. E." box="[1679,1813,1199,1220]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" pagination="153 - 200" refId="ref6418" refString="Watson J. E. 1973. Pearson Island Expedition 1969. - 9. Hydroids. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 97 (3): 153 - 200." type="journal article" year="1973">Watson, 1973</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA6C66B3668FB5BF8DAFB0F" author="Watson J. E." box="[1823,1873,1199,1220]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref6515" refString="Watson J. E. 2000. Hydroids (Hydrozoa: Leptothecata) from the Beagle Gulf and Darwin Harbour, northern Australia. The Beagle, Records of the Museum and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 16: 1 - 82." type="journal article" year="2000">2000</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA6C66B3764FB38F9CFFB2A" author="Watson J. E." box="[1555,1604,1228,1249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" pagination="495 - 611" refId="ref6559" refString="Watson J. E. 2005. Hydroids of the Archipelago of the Recherche and Esperance, Western Australia: annotated list, redescription of species and description of new species [pp. 495 - 611]. In: Wells F. E., Walker D. I., Kendrick G. (eds), The Marine Flora and fauna of Esperance, Western Australia. Western Australian Museum, Perth, 727 pp." type="book chapter" year="2005">2005</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA639923114FABCF8DEFA1B" box="[99,1877,1352,1488]" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
<th id="A0625D84FFA639923114FABCFEE1FA1B" box="[99,362,1352,1488]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA6C66B3114FABCFF62FAB1" authority="Nutting, 1900" authorityName="Nutting" authorityYear="1900" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="floridana">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA6C66B3114FABCFF58FA96" box="[99,211,1352,1373]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">P.floridana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA6C66B3114FA91FF62FAB1" author="Nutting C. C." box="[99,233,1381,1402]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" pagination="1 - 285" refId="ref6075" refString="Nutting C. C. 1900. American hydroids. Part I. The Plumularidae. Special Bulletin of the United States National Museum 4 (1): 1 - 285." type="journal article" year="1900">Nutting, 1900</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA6399230F8FABCFA70FA1B" box="[399,1531,1352,1488]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">Stem internodes relatively long, slender, slightly geniculate, each with an internal perisarc ridge at each end, and 1 nematotheca; cladial apophyses with mamelon and 2 axillar nematothecae; cladia heteromerous, ahydrothecate internodes moderately-long and with 1 nematotheca, hydrothecate internodes with a centrally-placed hydrotheca; the latter fairly deep, cylindrical, half adnate; gonothecae small, globular, thin-walled, borne on cladial apophyses. Epiphytic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA639923764FABCF8DEFA1B" box="[1555,1877,1352,1488]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
Circumglobal in warm waters (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA6C66B376EFA91F972FAB1" author="Ansin Agis J. &amp; Ramil F. &amp; Vervoort, W." box="[1561,1785,1381,1402]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" pagination="1 - 268" refId="ref5247" refString="Ansin Agis J., Ramil F., Vervoort, W. 2001. Atlantic Leptolida (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria) of the families Aglaopheniidae, Halopterididae, Kirchenpaueriidae and Plumulariidae collected during the CANCAP and Mauritania-II expeditions of the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, the Netherlands. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden 333: 1 - 268." type="journal article" year="2001">
Ansín Agís 
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA6C66B37FBFA91F93CFAB1" box="[1676,1719,1381,1402]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">et al</emphasis>
., 2001
</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA639923114FA15F8DEF9A2" box="[99,1877,1505,1641]" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
<th id="A0625D84FFA639923114FA15FEE1F9A2" box="[99,362,1505,1641]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA6C66B3114FA15FF6CF9D8" authority="Watson, 2012" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="2012" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fragilia">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA6C66B3114FA15FF48FA3D" box="[99,195,1505,1526]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">P. fragilia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA6C66B3114FA0AFF6CF9D8" author="Watson J. E." box="[99,231,1534,1555]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" pagination="355 - 363" refId="ref6683" refString="Watson J. E. 2012. Some hydroids (Hydrozoa: Hydroidolina) from Dampier, western Australia: annotated list with description of two new species. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 69: 355 - 363." type="journal article" year="2012">Watson, 2012</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA6399230F8FA15FA70F9A2" box="[399,1531,1505,1641]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">Stem internodes long, slender, with 2 nematothecae on opposite sides; cladial apophyses with a bun-shaped mamelon and 2 axillar nematothecae; cladia heteromerously segmented into long a- and hydrothecate internodes, the former with 1 nematotheca; hydrothecae seated about halfway along the internodes, small, deep bowl-shaped, abaxial wall deeply concave to straight, adaxial wall weakly concave and fully adnate to internode, margin oblique to internode axis, circular, rim everted; gonothecae unknown. Epizoic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA639923764FA15F8DEF9A2" box="[1555,1877,1505,1641]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
Australia (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA6C66B3700FA15F976FA3D" author="Watson J. E." box="[1655,1789,1505,1526]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" pagination="355 - 363" refId="ref6683" refString="Watson J. E. 2012. Some hydroids (Hydrozoa: Hydroidolina) from Dampier, western Australia: annotated list with description of two new species. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 69: 355 - 363." type="journal article" year="2012">Watson, 2012</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA639923114F98EF8DEF902" box="[99,1877,1658,1737]" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
<th id="A0625D84FFA639923114F98EFEE1F902" box="[99,362,1658,1737]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA6C66B3114F98EFF40F967" authority="Bale, 1882" authorityName="Bale" authorityYear="1882" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="goldsteini">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA6C66B3114F98EFF51F944" box="[99,218,1658,1679]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">P. goldsteini</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA6C66B3114F963FF40F967" author="Bale W. M." box="[99,203,1687,1708]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" pagination="15 - 48" refId="ref5309" refString="Bale W. M. 1882. On the Hydroida of south-eastern Australia, with descriptions of supposed new species, and notes on the genus Aglaophenia. Journal of the Microscopical Society of Victoria 2 (1): 15 - 48." type="journal article" year="1882">Bale, 1882</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA6399230F8F98EFA70F902" box="[399,1531,1658,1737]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">Nominal species inadequately described, though easily recognizable through the peculiar shape of its hydrothecae. Cladia heteromerous, with up to 4 hydrothecate internodes; hydrotheca slipper-shaped, long axis strongly sigmoid, base distinctly swollen, aperture facing away from the internode; gonothecae unknown. Epiphytic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA639923764F98EF8DEF902" box="[1555,1877,1658,1737]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="372">
Australia (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA6C66B370FF98EF968F944" author="Bale W. M." box="[1656,1763,1658,1679]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" pagination="15 - 48" refId="ref5309" refString="Bale W. M. 1882. On the Hydroida of south-eastern Australia, with descriptions of supposed new species, and notes on the genus Aglaophenia. Journal of the Microscopical Society of Victoria 2 (1): 15 - 48." type="journal article" year="1882">Bale, 1882</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA6C66B379AF98EF896F944" author="Bale W. M." box="[1773,1821,1658,1679]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" refId="ref5353" refString="Bale W. M. 1884. Catalogue of the Australian hydroid zoophytes. Australian Museum, Sydney, 198 pp." type="book" year="1884">1884</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA6C66B3764F963F91CF967" author="Watson J. E." box="[1555,1687,1687,1708]" pageId="6" pageNumber="372" pagination="153 - 200" refId="ref6418" refString="Watson J. E. 1973. Pearson Island Expedition 1969. - 9. Hydroids. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 97 (3): 153 - 200." type="journal article" year="1973">Watson, 1973</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D3C36BAFFA7C66A3114FDEBF915F97B" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<table id="2F83C41AFFA739923114FDEEF8D0F8CC" box="[99,1883,538,1799]" colsContinueFrom="6.[99,1877,609,1737]" colsContinueIn="8.[99,1887,770,1562]" gridcols="3" gridrows="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA739923114FDEEF8D0FDFE" box="[99,1883,538,565]" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<th id="A0625D84FFA739923114FDEEFEE1FDFE" box="[99,362,538,565]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA7C66A3114FDEBFE83FDFF" bold="true" box="[99,264,543,564]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">Nominal species</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="A0625D84FFA7399230F8FDEEFA71FDFE" box="[399,1530,538,565]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA7C66A30F8FDEBFC64FDFF" bold="true" box="[399,1007,538,565]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
Distinctive features to 
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA7C66A3302FDEEFD56FDFE" authority="Galea, 2020" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2020" box="[629,733,538,565]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="roxanae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA7C66A3302FDEEFD56FDFE" bold="true" box="[629,733,538,565]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">P. roxanae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="74C457D3FFA7C66A3393FDEBFCBBFDFF" box="[740,816,543,564]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Remarks. Habitat
</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="A0625D84FFA739923764FDEEF8D0FDFE" box="[1555,1883,538,565]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA7C66A3764FDEBF8A0FDFF" bold="true" box="[1555,1835,543,564]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">Distribution and references</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA739923114FDB1F8D0FD06" box="[99,1883,581,717]" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<th id="A0625D84FFA739923114FDB1FEE1FD06" box="[99,362,581,717]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA7C66A3114FDB1FF40FDBC" authority="Bale, 1882" authorityName="Bale" authorityYear="1882" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hyalina">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA7C66A3114FDB1FF48FD91" box="[99,195,581,602]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">P. hyalina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A3114FD96FF40FDBC" author="Bale W. M." box="[99,203,610,631]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="15 - 48" refId="ref5309" refString="Bale W. M. 1882. On the Hydroida of south-eastern Australia, with descriptions of supposed new species, and notes on the genus Aglaophenia. Journal of the Microscopical Society of Victoria 2 (1): 15 - 48." type="journal article" year="1882">Bale, 1882</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA7399230F8FDB1FA71FD06" box="[399,1530,581,717]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">Stem internodes of varied length, with or without internal septa, with 0-1 nematotheca; cladial apophysis with conical mamelon and 1 axillar nematotheca; hydrotheca deep bowl-shaped, abaxial wall slightly convex, adaxial wall concave and fully adnate to internode, margin a broad sinuous curve down to internode; one to several gonothecae in a row around lower stem, large, piriform, walls smooth to obscurely undulated, when mature flattened at top, and opening by a large, smooth-edged, circular aperture, gonophore with belt of refringent corpuscles. Epiphytic and epizoic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA739923764FDB1F8D0FD06" box="[1555,1883,581,717]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
Australia (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A3700FDB1F9CEFDBC" author="Mulder J. F. &amp; Trebilcock R. E." pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="115 - 124" refId="ref5963" refString="Mulder J. F., Trebilcock R. E. 1911. Notes on Victorian Hydroida, with description of new species. (Continued). Geelong Naturalist 4 (4): 115 - 124." type="journal article" year="1911">Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1911</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A3739FD96F97FFDBC" author="Trebilcock R. E." box="[1614,1780,610,631]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="1 - 33" refId="ref6345" refString="Trebilcock R. E. 1928. Notes on New Zealand Hydroida. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria. New series. 41: 1 - 33, plates 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="1928">Trebilcock, 1928</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A3789FD96F9C8FD5F" author="Watson J. E." pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="71 - 91" refId="ref6639" refString="Watson J. E. 2011. Review of the genus Monotheca (Hydrozoa: Leptolida) from Australia with description of a new species and a note on Monothecella Stechow, 1923. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 68: 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2011">Watson, 2011</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA739923114FD2AF8D0FCDB" box="[99,1883,734,784]" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<th id="A0625D84FFA739923114FD2AFEE1FCDB" box="[99,362,734,784]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA7C66A3114FD2AFEE1FCDB" authority="Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1911" authorityName="Mulder &amp; Trebilcock" authorityYear="1911" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="lucerna">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA7C66A3114FD2AFF4FFD38" box="[99,196,734,755]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">P. lucerna</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A3114FD0FFEE1FCDB" author="Mulder J. F. &amp; Trebilcock R. E." box="[99,362,763,784]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="115 - 124" refId="ref5963" refString="Mulder J. F., Trebilcock R. E. 1911. Notes on Victorian Hydroida, with description of new species. (Continued). Geelong Naturalist 4 (4): 115 - 124." type="journal article" year="1911">Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA7399230F8FD2AFA71FCDB" box="[399,1530,734,784]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
Very likely a stemless variety of 
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA7C66A33BFFD2AFC7FFD38" authority="Kirchenpauer, 1876" authorityName="Kirchenpauer" authorityYear="1876" box="[712,1012,734,755]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="filicaulis">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA7C66A33BFFD2AFCB9FD38" box="[712,818,734,755]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">P.filicaulis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A3240FD2AFC7FFD38" author="Kirchenpauer G. H." box="[823,1012,734,755]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="1 - 59" refId="ref5871" refString="Kirchenpauer G. H. 1876. Ueber die Hydroidenfamilie Plumularidae, einzelne Gruppen derselben und ihre Fruchtbehalter. II. Plumularia und Nemertesia. Abhandlungen aus dem Gebiete der Naturwissenschaften, Hamburg 6 (2): 1 - 59." type="journal article" year="1876">Kirchenpauer, 1876</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(see above); compare 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A35BBFD2AFA53FD38" author="Mulder J. F. &amp; Trebilcock R. E." box="[1228,1496,734,755]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="115 - 124" refId="ref5963" refString="Mulder J. F., Trebilcock R. E. 1911. Notes on Victorian Hydroida, with description of new species. (Continued). Geelong Naturalist 4 (4): 115 - 124." type="journal article" year="1911">Mulder &amp; Trebilcock (1911</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 3 fig. 4) with 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A3366FD0FFDF5FCDB" author="Bale W. M." box="[529,638,763,784]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" refId="ref5353" refString="Bale W. M. 1884. Catalogue of the Australian hydroid zoophytes. Australian Museum, Sydney, 198 pp." type="book" year="1884">Bale (1884</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 11 figs 6-7). Presumably epiphytic
</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA739923764FD2AF8D0FCDB" box="[1555,1883,734,784]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
Australia (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A3700FD2AF9C8FCDB" author="Mulder J. F. &amp; Trebilcock R. E." pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="115 - 124" refId="ref5963" refString="Mulder J. F., Trebilcock R. E. 1911. Notes on Victorian Hydroida, with description of new species. (Continued). Geelong Naturalist 4 (4): 115 - 124." type="journal article" year="1911">Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1911</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA739923114FCD5F8D0FC46" box="[99,1883,801,909]" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<th id="A0625D84FFA739923114FCD5FEE1FC46" box="[99,362,801,909]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA7C66A3114FCD5FF6CFC98" authority="Watson, 1973" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="1973" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="meretricia">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA7C66A3114FCD5FF55FCFD" box="[99,222,801,822]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">P. meretricia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A3114FCCAFF6CFC98" author="Watson J. E." box="[99,231,830,851]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="153 - 200" refId="ref6418" refString="Watson J. E. 1973. Pearson Island Expedition 1969. - 9. Hydroids. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 97 (3): 153 - 200." type="journal article" year="1973">Watson, 1973</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA7399230F8FCD5FA71FC46" box="[399,1530,801,909]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">Stem internodes long, slender, occasionally with 1-2 nematothecae, often absent; cladial apophyses with prominent mamelon (with 1-2 apertures) adaxially and 1 axillar nematotheca, the latter often absent; hydrothecae campanulate, abaxial wall straight for most of its length, expanding below aperture; margin everted, slightly sinuated, curving down adaxially; gonothecae unknown. Epizoic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA739923764FCD5F8D0FC46" box="[1555,1883,801,909]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
Australia (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A3700FCD5F975FCFD" author="Watson J. E." box="[1655,1790,801,822]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="153 - 200" refId="ref6418" refString="Watson J. E. 1973. Pearson Island Expedition 1969. - 9. Hydroids. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 97 (3): 153 - 200." type="journal article" year="1973">Watson, 1973</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A367FFCD5F8B2FCFD" author="Watson J. E." box="[1800,1849,801,822]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="495 - 611" refId="ref6559" refString="Watson J. E. 2005. Hydroids of the Archipelago of the Recherche and Esperance, Western Australia: annotated list, redescription of species and description of new species [pp. 495 - 611]. In: Wells F. E., Walker D. I., Kendrick G. (eds), The Marine Flora and fauna of Esperance, Western Australia. Western Australian Museum, Perth, 727 pp." type="book chapter" year="2005">2005</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA739923114FC6AF8D0FBC2" box="[99,1883,926,1033]" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<th id="A0625D84FFA739923114FC6AFEE1FBC2" box="[99,362,926,1033]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA7C66A3114FC6AFF74FC04" authority="Schuchert, 2013" authorityName="Schuchert" authorityYear="2013" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="mooreana">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA7C66A3114FC6AFF50FC78" box="[99,219,926,947]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">P. mooreana</emphasis>
Schuchert, 2013
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA7399230F8FC6AFA71FBC2" box="[399,1530,926,1033]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">Stem internodes relatively short, sturdy, each with 1 nematotheca; cladial apophyses with 1 axillar nematotheca; cladia heteromerous, with up to 4 relatively short hydrothecate internodes, each with a centrally-placed hydrotheca; the latter bowl-shaped, shallow, inclined downward at 45° with the internode; 1-2 gonothecae near stem bases, borne on laterally-set pedicels, urn-shaped, perisarc undulated, outer surface with scattered nematothecae. Inert substrates</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA739923764FC6AF8D0FBC2" box="[1555,1883,926,1033]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
French Polynesia, Fiji (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A3784FC6AF9DBFC04" author="Schuchert P." pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="405 - 413" refId="ref6241" refString="Schuchert P. 2013 b. Plumularia mooreana, a new marine hydroid from French Polynesia (Hydrozoa, Cnidaria). Revue suisse de Zoologie 120 (3): 405 - 413." type="journal article" year="2013">Schuchert, 2013b</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA739923114FBEEF8D0FB4E" box="[99,1883,1050,1157]" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<th id="A0625D84FFA739923114FBEEFEE1FB4E" box="[99,362,1050,1157]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA7C66A3114FBEEFE88FB87" authority="Blackburn, 1938" authorityName="Blackburn" authorityYear="1938" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="obesa">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA7C66A3114FBEEFF38FBE4" box="[99,179,1050,1071]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">P. obesa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A3114FBC3FE88FB87" author="Blackburn M." box="[99,259,1079,1100]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="312 - 328" refId="ref5505" refString="Blackburn M. 1938. Hydrozoa. In: The Sir Joseph Banks Islands. Reports of the expedition of the McCoy Society for Field Investigation and Research, 3. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 50 (2): 312 - 328." type="journal article" year="1938">Blackburn, 1938</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA7399230F8FBEEFA71FB4E" box="[399,1530,1050,1157]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">Stem internodes short, sturdy; cladial apophyses with mamelon and 1-2 nematothecae; cladia with single, short, concave hydrothecate internode, accommodating distally a hydrotheca; the latter laterally compressed, abaxial wall sigmoid, adaxial wall fully fused, concave, giving rise to a forwardly and upwardly-directed intrathecal ridge, margin sinuous, somewhat everted abaxially, distinctly lowered adaxially; gonothecae unknown. Epiphytic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA739923764FBEEF8D0FB4E" box="[1555,1883,1050,1157]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
Australia (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A3700FBEEF897FBE4" author="Blackburn M." box="[1655,1820,1050,1071]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="312 - 328" refId="ref5505" refString="Blackburn M. 1938. Hydrozoa. In: The Sir Joseph Banks Islands. Reports of the expedition of the McCoy Society for Field Investigation and Research, 3. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 50 (2): 312 - 328." type="journal article" year="1938">Blackburn, 1938</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A3764FBC3F91CFB87" author="Watson J. E." box="[1555,1687,1079,1100]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" refId="ref6484" refString="Watson J. E. 1990. Studies on Australian hydroids. The genus Eudendrium and the fauna of the seagrass Amphibolis. Deakin University, Melbourne, 288 pp." type="book" year="1990">Watson, 1990</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA739923114FB62F8D0FAD4" box="[99,1883,1174,1311]" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<th id="A0625D84FFA739923114FB62FEE1FAD4" box="[99,362,1174,1311]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA7C66A3114FB62FF7EFB03" authority="Johnston, 1847" authorityName="Johnston" authorityYear="1847" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="obliqua">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA7C66A3114FB62FF4FFB60" box="[99,196,1174,1195]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">P. obliqua</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A3114FB47FF7EFB03" author="Johnston G." box="[99,245,1203,1224]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" refId="ref5848" refString="Johnston G. 1847. A history of the British zoophytes. John van Voorst, London, XVI + 488 pp." type="book" year="1847">Johnston, 1847</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA7399230F8FB62FA71FAD4" box="[399,1530,1174,1311]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">Stem internodes moderately long, geniculate, with 1 nematotheca; cladial apophyses with conical mamelon and 1 axillar nematotheca; hydrothecate cladial internode with 2 internal septa behind the hydrotheca, the latter distal on internode, scoop-shaped, fully adnate, abaxial wall smoothly convex, thickened or not, margin cut obliquely back to internode, rim slightly everted, a perisarc thickening behind; gonothecae on lower stem internodes, large, urn-shaped, perisarc fairly thick, distally truncate, aperture closed by sheet of tissue; gonophore a medusoid. Epiphytic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA739923764FB62F8D0FAD4" box="[1555,1883,1174,1311]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
Circumglobal in temperate to tropical waters (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A37DAFB47F8B9FB03" author="Watson J. E." box="[1709,1842,1203,1224]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="71 - 91" refId="ref6639" refString="Watson J. E. 2011. Review of the genus Monotheca (Hydrozoa: Leptolida) from Australia with description of a new species and a note on Monothecella Stechow, 1923. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 68: 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2011">Watson, 2011</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA739923114FAC4F8D0FA73" box="[99,1883,1328,1464]" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<th id="A0625D84FFA739923114FAC4FEE1FA73" box="[99,362,1328,1464]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA7C66A3114FAC4FF40FAAA" authority="Bale, 1882" authorityName="Bale" authorityYear="1882" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="pulchella">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA7C66A3114FAC4FF5FFA8E" box="[99,212,1328,1349]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">P. pulchella</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A3114FAB8FF40FAAA" author="Bale W. M." box="[99,203,1356,1377]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="15 - 48" refId="ref5309" refString="Bale W. M. 1882. On the Hydroida of south-eastern Australia, with descriptions of supposed new species, and notes on the genus Aglaophenia. Journal of the Microscopical Society of Victoria 2 (1): 15 - 48." type="journal article" year="1882">Bale, 1882</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA7399230F8FAC4FA71FA73" box="[399,1530,1328,1464]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">Stem internodes robust, moderately long, with several transverse internal septa and 1 nematotheca; cladial apophyses with 2 axillar nematothecae; hydrothecate internodes short, concave, hydrotheca distally-placed, fully adnate, cupshaped, slightly flaring, abaxial wall weakly concave, variably thickened; dioecious, gonothecae on lower stem internodes, at base of a cladial apophysis, large, globular, thick-walled, smooth to faintly rugose, aperture distal, set obliquely, aperture narrow, circular, with a row of large, internal submarginal cusps. Epiphytic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA739923764FAC4F8D0FA73" box="[1555,1883,1328,1464]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
Australia (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A3700FAC4F975FA8E" author="Watson J. E." box="[1655,1790,1328,1349]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="153 - 200" refId="ref6418" refString="Watson J. E. 1973. Pearson Island Expedition 1969. - 9. Hydroids. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 97 (3): 153 - 200." type="journal article" year="1973">Watson, 1973</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A367FFAC4F8B3FA8E" author="Watson J. E." box="[1800,1848,1328,1349]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="71 - 91" refId="ref6639" refString="Watson J. E. 2011. Review of the genus Monotheca (Hydrozoa: Leptolida) from Australia with description of a new species and a note on Monothecella Stechow, 1923. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 68: 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2011">2011</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA739923114FA3DF8D0F99A" box="[99,1883,1481,1617]" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<th id="A0625D84FFA739923114FA3DFEE1F99A" box="[99,362,1481,1617]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA7C66A3114FA3DFEE1FA30" authority="Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1911" authorityName="Mulder &amp; Trebilcock" authorityYear="1911" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="rotunda">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA7C66A3114FA3DFF4DFA15" box="[99,198,1481,1502]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">P. rotunda</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A3114FA12FEE1FA30" author="Mulder J. F. &amp; Trebilcock R. E." box="[99,362,1510,1531]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="115 - 124" refId="ref5963" refString="Mulder J. F., Trebilcock R. E. 1911. Notes on Victorian Hydroida, with description of new species. (Continued). Geelong Naturalist 4 (4): 115 - 124." type="journal article" year="1911">Mulder &amp; Trebilcock, 1911</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA7399230F8FA3DFA71F99A" box="[399,1530,1481,1617]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">Stem internodes moderately long, slightly geniculate, with 1 nematotheca; cladial apophyses with 1 axillar nematotheca; cladia heteromerously segmented, ahydrothecate internodes short and with 1 nematotheca, hydrothecate internodes up to 2, comparatively longer, each with a hydrotheca distally; hydrothecae elliptic, abaxial wall strongly arched, becoming thicker towards aperture where it is incurved, appearing as a submarginal septum, aperture small, set obliquely forwards, subrectangular, rim weakly lobate; gonothecae unknown. Epiphytic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA739923764FA3DF8D0F99A" box="[1555,1883,1481,1617]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
Australia (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A370FFA3DF96FFA15" author="Bale W. M." box="[1656,1764,1481,1502]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="327 - 362" refId="ref5446" refString="Bale W. M. 1919. Further notes on Australian hydroids. IV. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 31 (2): 327 - 362." type="journal article" year="1919">Bale, 1919</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A379AFA3DF9CFFA30" author="Watson J. E." pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="41 - 46" refId="ref6722" refString="Watson J. E. 2015. A new species of Halopteris (Hydrozoa: Leptothecata) and redescription of Plumularia rotunda from Victoria, Australia. Memoirs of the Museum Victoria 73: 41 - 46." type="journal article" year="2015">Watson, 2015</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA739923114F996F8D0F8CC" box="[99,1883,1634,1799]" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<th id="A0625D84FFA739923114F996FEE1F8CC" box="[99,362,1634,1799]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA7C66A3114F996FF40F95F" authority="Bale, 1882" authorityName="Bale" authorityYear="1882" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="spinulosa">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA7C66A3114F996FF5CF9BC" box="[99,215,1634,1655]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">P. spinulosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A3114F98BFF40F95F" author="Bale W. M." box="[99,203,1663,1684]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="15 - 48" refId="ref5309" refString="Bale W. M. 1882. On the Hydroida of south-eastern Australia, with descriptions of supposed new species, and notes on the genus Aglaophenia. Journal of the Microscopical Society of Victoria 2 (1): 15 - 48." type="journal article" year="1882">Bale, 1882</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA7399230F8F996FA71F8CC" box="[399,1530,1634,1799]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">Stem internodes moderately long and slender, with 1 nematotheca; cladial apophyses with mamelon and 1 axillar nematotheca; cladia with single, concave hydrothecate internode, ending in a distal spine of variable length, projecting beyond hydrotheca; the latter bonnet-shaped, fully adnate, laterally compressed, abaxial wall convex, a strong adaxial intrathecal septum projecting halfway across lumen, aperture sinuated adaxially; one to several gonothecae on lower cladial apophyses, large, elongated-conical, sometimes curved asymmetrically, with wide terminal aperture set perpendicularly to long axis. Epiphytic and epizoic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA739923764F996F8D0F8CC" box="[1555,1883,1634,1799]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="373">
Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Japan (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A37D7F98BF8A3F95F" author="Millard N. A. H." box="[1696,1832,1663,1684]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="1 - 513" refId="ref5934" refString="Millard N. A. H. 1975. Monograph on the Hydroida of southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum 68: 1 - 513." type="journal article" year="1975">Millard, 1975</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA7C66A3764F96FF91DF97B" author="Watson J. E." box="[1555,1686,1691,1712]" pageId="7" pageNumber="373" pagination="71 - 91" refId="ref6639" refString="Watson J. E. 2011. Review of the genus Monotheca (Hydrozoa: Leptolida) from Australia with description of a new species and a note on Monothecella Stechow, 1923. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 68: 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2011">Watson, 2011</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D3C36BAFFA8C6653114FCF3F8A3FA0F" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">
<table id="2F83C41AFFA839923114FCF6F8D4F9D1" box="[99,1887,770,1562]" colsContinueFrom="7.[99,1883,538,1799]" gridcols="3" gridrows="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA839923114FCF6F8D4FCD6" box="[99,1887,770,797]" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">
<th id="A0625D84FFA839923114FCF6FE83FCD6" box="[99,264,770,797]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA8C6653114FCF3FE83FCD7" bold="true" box="[99,264,775,796]" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">Nominal species</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="A0625D84FFA8399230F8FCF6FA71FCD6" box="[399,1530,770,797]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA8C66530F8FCF3FC64FCD7" bold="true" box="[399,1007,770,797]" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">
Distinctive features to 
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA8C6653302FCF6FD56FCD6" authority="Galea, 2020" authorityName="Galea" authorityYear="2020" box="[629,733,770,797]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="374" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="roxanae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA8C6653302FCF6FD56FCD6" bold="true" box="[629,733,770,797]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">P. roxanae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="74C457D3FFA8C6653393FCF3FCBBFCD7" box="[740,816,775,796]" pageId="8" pageNumber="374" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Remarks. Habitat
</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="A0625D84FFA839923764FCF6F8D4FCD6" box="[1555,1887,770,797]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA8C6653764FCF3F8A0FCD7" bold="true" box="[1555,1835,775,796]" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">Distribution and references</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA839923114FCD9F8D4FC19" box="[99,1887,813,978]" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">
<th id="A0625D84FFA839923114FCD9FE83FC19" box="[99,264,813,978]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA8C6653114FCD9FF5DFC94" authority="Pictet, 1893" authorityName="Pictet" authorityYear="1893" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="374" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="strictocarpa">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA8C6653114FCD9FF7BFC89" box="[99,240,813,834]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">P. strictocarpa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA8C6653114FCBEFF5DFC94" author="Pictet C." box="[99,214,842,863]" pageId="8" pageNumber="374" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref6108" refString="Pictet C. 1893. Etude sur les Hydraires de la Baie d'Amboine. Revue suisse de Zoologie 1: 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="1893">Pictet, 1893</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA8399230F8FCD9FA71FC19" box="[399,1530,813,978]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">Stolon with nematothecae; cauline internodes long, slender, slightly geniculate, with 1-2 nematothecae; cladial apophyses with mamelon and 1 axillar nematotheca; cladia heteromerous, ahydrothecate internodes relatively long, with internal septa at both ends and 1 nematotheca; hydrothecate internodes comparatively longer, with up to 3 internal septa; hydrothecae conical, fully adnate, margin rounded, tilted abaxially; gonothecae borne below lower cladial apophyses, large, partly or fully seated on substrate, barrel-shaped in frontal view, flattened dorso-ventrally, distinctly transversely ridged, aperture distal, circular. Epiphytic, epizoic, also growing on inert substrates</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA839923764FCD9F8D4FC19" box="[1555,1887,813,978]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">
Circumglobal in warm waters (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA8C665376EFCBEF885FC94" author="Ryland J. S. &amp; Gibbons M. J." box="[1561,1806,842,863]" pageId="8" pageNumber="374" pagination="525 - 560" refId="ref6167" refString="Ryland J. S., Gibbons M. J. 1991. Intertidal and shallow water hydroids from Fiji. II. Plumulariidae and Aglaopheniidae. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 30 (3): 525 - 560." type="journal article" year="1991">Ryland &amp; Gibbons, 1991</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA8C6653764FC93F92AFCB7" author="Hirohito &amp; Emperor of Japan" box="[1555,1697,871,892]" pageId="8" pageNumber="374" pagination="1 - 55" refId="ref5817" refString="Hirohito, Emperor of Japan. 1974. Some hydrozoans of the Bonin Islands. Publications of the Biological Laboratory, Imperial Household, Tokyo 11: 1 - 55." type="journal article" year="1974">Hirohito, 1974</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA839923114FC17F8D4FB84" box="[99,1887,995,1103]" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">
<th id="A0625D84FFA839923114FC17FE83FB84" box="[99,264,995,1103]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA8C6653114FC17FF6CFBDE" authority="Watson, 1973" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="1973" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="374" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="togata">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA8C6653114FC17FF33FC33" box="[99,184,995,1016]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">P. togata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA8C6653114FBF4FF6CFBDE" author="Watson J. E." box="[99,231,1024,1045]" pageId="8" pageNumber="374" pagination="153 - 200" refId="ref6418" refString="Watson J. E. 1973. Pearson Island Expedition 1969. - 9. Hydroids. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 97 (3): 153 - 200." type="journal article" year="1973">Watson, 1973</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA8399230F8FC17FA71FB84" box="[399,1530,995,1103]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">Cauline internodes moderately long and slender, with 1 nematotheca; cladial apophyses with conical mamelon and 1 axillar nematotheca; hydrotheca slipper-shaped, longitudinal axis S-shaped, abaxial wall considerably produced frontally, aperture narrowed and tilted adaxially; gonotheca borne beside apophysis of first stem internode, large, urnshaped, distally truncate, walls smooth to weakly undulated, aperture closed by sheet of tissue. Epiphytic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA839923764FC17F8D4FB84" box="[1555,1887,995,1103]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">
Australia (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA8C6653700FC17F975FC33" author="Watson J. E." box="[1655,1790,995,1016]" pageId="8" pageNumber="374" pagination="153 - 200" refId="ref6418" refString="Watson J. E. 1973. Pearson Island Expedition 1969. - 9. Hydroids. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 97 (3): 153 - 200." type="journal article" year="1973">Watson, 1973</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA8C665367FFC17F8B3FC33" author="Watson J. E." box="[1800,1848,995,1016]" pageId="8" pageNumber="374" pagination="71 - 91" refId="ref6639" refString="Watson J. E. 2011. Review of the genus Monotheca (Hydrozoa: Leptolida) from Australia with description of a new species and a note on Monothecella Stechow, 1923. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 68: 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2011">2011</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA839923114FB94F8D4FB23" box="[99,1887,1120,1256]" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">
<th id="A0625D84FFA839923114FB94FE83FB23" box="[99,264,1120,1256]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA8C6653114FB94FF6CFB59" authority="Watson, 2000" authorityName="Watson" authorityYear="2000" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="374" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="tubacarpa">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA8C6653114FB94FF55FBBE" box="[99,222,1120,1141]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">P. tubacarpa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA8C6653114FB89FF6CFB59" author="Watson J. E." box="[99,231,1149,1170]" pageId="8" pageNumber="374" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref6515" refString="Watson J. E. 2000. Hydroids (Hydrozoa: Leptothecata) from the Beagle Gulf and Darwin Harbour, northern Australia. The Beagle, Records of the Museum and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 16: 1 - 82." type="journal article" year="2000">Watson, 2000</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA8399230F8FB94FA71FB23" box="[399,1530,1120,1256]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">Cauline internodes long, each with 1-4 cladial apophyses (usually 2) and a variable number of nematothecae, 1 in axil of apophysis, 1 beside apophysis, 1 halfway between hydrocladia and sometimes 1 at side of internode just above node; cladia divided homomerously into quite long hydrothecate internodes; hydrothecae deep cup-shaped, adaxial wall entirely adnate, abaxial wall straight to faintly sinuous, concave just behind margin; gonothecae exceedingly long, tubular, rounded apically. Epizoic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA839923764FB94F8D4FB23" box="[1555,1887,1120,1256]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">
Australia (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA8C6653700FB94F976FBBE" author="Watson J. E." box="[1655,1789,1120,1141]" pageId="8" pageNumber="374" pagination="1 - 82" refId="ref6515" refString="Watson J. E. 2000. Hydroids (Hydrozoa: Leptothecata) from the Beagle Gulf and Darwin Harbour, northern Australia. The Beagle, Records of the Museum and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 16: 1 - 82." type="journal article" year="2000">Watson, 2000</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA839923114FB0DF8D4FA4A" box="[99,1887,1273,1409]" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">
<th id="A0625D84FFA839923114FB0DFE83FA4A" box="[99,264,1273,1409]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA8C6653114FB0DFF7BFAE0" authority="Stechow, 1919" authorityName="Stechow" authorityYear="1919" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="374" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="warreni">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA8C6653114FB0DFF4DFAC5" box="[99,198,1273,1294]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">P. warreni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA8C6653114FAE2FF7BFAE0" author="Stechow E." box="[99,240,1302,1323]" pageId="8" pageNumber="374" pagination="1 - 172" refId="ref6276" refString="Stechow E. 1919. Zur Kenntnis des Hydroidenfauna des Mittelmeeres, Amerikas und anderer Gebiete, nebst Angaben uber einige Kirchenpauer'sche Typen von Plumulariden. Zoologische Jahrbucher 42 (1): 1 - 172." type="journal article" year="1919">Stechow, 1919</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA8399230F8FB0DFA71FA4A" box="[399,1530,1273,1409]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">Stem internodes moderately long, with 1 frontal nematotheca; cladial apophyses with 1 axillar nematotheca; cladia heteromerous, ahydrothecate internodes short, with internal septa near ends, and 1 nematotheca, hydrothecate internode comparatively longer, with internal septa near ends and a centrally-placed hydrotheca; the latter inverted conical, completely adnate, margin slightly oblique; monoecious, gonothecae on cladial apophyses, elongate-ovoid, outline irregular, slightly flattened dorso-ventrally. Epiphytic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA839923764FB0DF8D4FA4A" box="[1555,1887,1273,1409]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">
From South Africa to Australia (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA8C665376DFAE2F92BFAE0" author="Millard N. A. H." box="[1562,1696,1302,1323]" pageId="8" pageNumber="374" pagination="1 - 513" refId="ref5934" refString="Millard N. A. H. 1975. Monograph on the Hydroida of southern Africa. Annals of the South African Museum 68: 1 - 513." type="journal article" year="1975">Millard, 1975</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="E3B334F8FFA839923114FA66F8D4F9D1" box="[99,1887,1426,1562]" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">
<th id="A0625D84FFA839923114FA66FE83F9D1" box="[99,264,1426,1562]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA8C6653114FA66FF40FA0F" authority="Bale, 1926" authorityName="Bale" authorityYear="1926" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="8" pageNumber="374" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="wilsoni">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA8C6653114FA66FF4BFA6C" box="[99,192,1426,1447]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">P. wilsoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA8C6653114FA5BFF40FA0F" author="Bale W. M." box="[99,203,1455,1476]" pageId="8" pageNumber="374" pagination="13 - 23" refId="ref5477" refString="Bale W. M. 1926. Further notes on Australian hydroids. V. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 38: 13 - 23." type="journal article" year="1926">Bale, 1926</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="A0625D84FFA8399230F8FA66FA71F9D1" box="[399,1530,1426,1562]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">Stolon with internal pegs and nematothecae; stem internodes relatively short, with internal ridges near their ends, and 1 nematotheca on side opposite to cladial apophysis; the latter with 2 axillar nematothecae; cladia heteromerous, hydrothecate internodes relatively long, with a centrally-placed hydrotheca; abaxial wall sigmoid, thickened, adaxial wall free for 1/3 from corresponding internode, concave, aperture tilted abaxially; gonothecae borne on lower stem internodes, large, piriform, transversely ridged, distal end truncate. Presumably epiphytic, also epizoic</td>
<td id="A0625D84FFA839923764FA66F8D4F9D1" box="[1555,1887,1426,1562]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="374">
Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA8C665376DFA5BF918FA0F" author="Ralph P. M." box="[1562,1683,1455,1476]" pageId="8" pageNumber="374" pagination="19 - 74" refId="ref6132" refString="Ralph P. M. 1961. New Zealand thecate hydroids. Part IV. Family Plumulariidae. Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand 1 (3): 19 - 74." type="journal article" year="1961">Ralph, 1961</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA8C66537EAFA5BF8AAFA0F" author="Watson J. E." box="[1693,1825,1455,1476]" pageId="8" pageNumber="374" pagination="41 - 46" refId="ref6722" refString="Watson J. E. 2015. A new species of Halopteris (Hydrozoa: Leptothecata) and redescription of Plumularia rotunda from Victoria, Australia. Memoirs of the Museum Victoria 73: 41 - 46." type="journal article" year="2015">Watson, 2015</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D3C36BAFFA9C66431E0FE76FE20FC90" blockId="9.[151,757,258,859]" pageId="9" pageNumber="375">
The epiphytic hydroid erroneously assigned (
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA9C66433EBFE76FF7FFE72" author="Watson J. E." pageId="9" pageNumber="375" pagination="71 - 91" refId="ref6639" refString="Watson J. E. 2011. Review of the genus Monotheca (Hydrozoa: Leptolida) from Australia with description of a new species and a note on Monothecella Stechow, 1923. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 68: 71 - 91." type="journal article" year="2011">Watson, 2011: 78</bibRefCitation>
) to 
<taxonomicName id="9A834D39FFA9C664306CFE56FDF9FE72" authority="(Bale, 1882)" baseAuthorityName="Bale" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[283,626,418,441]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Monotheca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="9" pageNumber="375" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="hyalina">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA9C664306CFE56FE62FE72" box="[283,489,418,441]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="375">Monotheca hyalina</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA9C6643081FE56FDE0FE72" author="Bale W. M." box="[502,619,418,441]" pageId="9" pageNumber="375" pagination="15 - 48" refId="ref5309" refString="Bale W. M. 1882. On the Hydroida of south-eastern Australia, with descriptions of supposed new species, and notes on the genus Aglaophenia. Journal of the Microscopical Society of Victoria 2 (1): 15 - 48." type="journal article" year="1882">Bale, 1882</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="39124B4BFFA9C66433E0FE56FED9FE11" author="Vervoort W. &amp; Watson J. E." pageId="9" pageNumber="375" pagination="1 - 538" refId="ref6380" refString="Vervoort W., Watson J. E. 2003. The marine fauna of New Zealand: Leptothecata (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) (thecate hydroids). NIWA Biodiversity Memoir 119: 1 - 538." type="journal article" year="2003">Vervoort &amp; Watson (2003)</bibRefCitation>
resembles the present species, notably in the structure of the colony and the shape of hydrotheca, but shows several differences: 1) its stolon is devoid of perisarc spurs; 2) there is only one axillar nematotheca associated to the cladial apophyses of the stem; 3) the hydrothecae are devoid of the characteristic thickening of the free adaxial wall; 4) its (female) gonothecae are much bigger, ca. 
<quantity id="9A7B9B5FFFA9C6643023FD57FE18FD71" box="[340,403,675,698]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="375" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
high, as deduced from their fig. 90I, and they are piriform, with an apical, broad, circular aperture closed by an operculum. For these reasons, their record is not included in the synonymy of the present species, pending the discovery of colonies belonging to the opposite (female) sex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="15996531FFA9C66431E0FC87FD06FC61" pageId="9" pageNumber="375" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="5D3C36BAFFA9C66431E0FC87FD06FC61" blockId="9.[151,755,883,938]" pageId="9" pageNumber="375">
<emphasis id="6FF7EAA8FFA9C66431E0FC87FEA6FC41" bold="true" box="[151,301,883,906]" pageId="9" pageNumber="375">Distribution:</emphasis>
Known only from 
<collectingRegion id="9F47F858FFA9C6643363FC87FDC8FC41" box="[532,579,883,906]" country="Indonesia" name="Bali" pageId="9" pageNumber="375">Bali</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="2594762AFFA9C6643322FC87FD4BFC41" box="[597,704,883,906]" name="Indonesia" pageId="9" pageNumber="375">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, but presumably spread throughout the archipelago.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>