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<document id="DEADA08FD65BAC74CE5776B3F46F1D45" ID-CLB-Dataset="305463" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.21.12176" ID-GBIF-Dataset="57141359-b096-4785-8a58-a185bd71db00" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-21-33" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1314-4049-21-33" ModsDocOrigin="MycoKeys 21" ModsDocTitle="Unexpected high species diversity among European stalked puffballs a contribution to the phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Tulostoma (Agaricales)" checkinTime="1493205488327" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Jeppson, Mikael, Altes, Alberto, Moreno, Gabriel, Nilsson, R. Henrik, Yolanda Loarce,, Bustos, Alfredo de &amp; Larsson, Ellen" docDate="2017" docId="D3BCDD1E6FFB9F12292D7680597DBF51" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 21: 33-88" docOrigin="MycoKeys 21" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.21.12176" docTitle="Tulostoma calcareum Jeppson, Altes, G. Moreno &amp; E. Larss., sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="44" masterDocId="7D5DFFF3FFEF631D1370064EFFE9FFDE" masterDocTitle="Unexpected high species diversity among European stalked puffballs - a contribution to the phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Tulostoma (Agaricales)" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1732678830610" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="3419431447C3B6E75D276847567E3D16">Unexpected high species diversity among European stalked puffballs - a contribution to the phylogeny and taxonomy of the genus Tulostoma (Agaricales)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4681AF216B26942FF80C4D3BD2EABD77">Jeppson, Mikael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D4CDFA16699F31283A6560C03103D332">Altes, Alberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="003B84CC1EA38CC16C4B3735431F7E03">Moreno, Gabriel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E134649DED4F172664D4BD11D48D3AD6">Nilsson, R. Henrik</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="2F07E98FCFACB042B36DAE30237D286B">Yolanda Loarce,</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4C9D258ED2FD0F437E311E2A97E924F3">Bustos, Alfredo de</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3A3CF49781061318954491A3378364B5">Larsson, Ellen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:identifier id="2D50D0297034A8AD8230A1160F16F5C5" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.21.12176</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9E19DE9179C17D9F0E8771CBC68E85FD" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-21-33</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="D3BCDD1E6FFB9F12292D7680597DBF51" ID-GBIF-Taxon="128732189" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D3BCDD1E6FFB9F12292D7680597DBF51" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D3BCDD1E6FFB9F12292D7680597DBF51" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" scope_order="Agaricales">
<subSubSection id="4BD20E8FE480388A3EAB5DC5A154C82D" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="490CC7CA890BB39CB94452FA0A243BDE" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName id="65C327C6D02AB76432C2203A2CDA4CDD" ID-CoL="59LD9" LSID="MB819399" authority="Jeppson, Altes, G. Moreno &amp; E. Larss." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Tulostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Tulostoma calcareum" order="Agaricales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="calcareum">
Tulostoma calcareum Jeppson,
<normalizedToken id="29B1C15BD2C2C1F3415ECCCEA8E08F6D" originalValue="Altés">Altes</normalizedToken>
, G. Moreno &amp; E. Larss.
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D9B187D85031CA16868B87A3AB59C8C5" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figure 3
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="02D123A2B3E6B642868C3A3D03748713" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" type="holotype">
<paragraph id="A55E2D1D67133F29DF9AEDB70488B37C" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">Holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="488490D31EAC29DB729FA31EA4BC5138" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">
Sweden,
<normalizedToken id="52D5273E8579114241EA793DE17E798F" originalValue="Södermanland">Soedermanland</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="2B8BD3D189C3D85479DDA1A9F38EE7F3" originalValue="Mörkö">Moerkoe</normalizedToken>
, Egelsvik, Kalkberget, on calcareous soil under
<taxonomicName id="5AFCDB2884EF52EC5D032F82CEA48BB8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Artemisia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Artemisia campestris" order="Asterales" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="campestris">Artemisia campestris</taxonomicName>
in rocky slope, 5 Nov. 2004, M. Jeppson 6965 (GB!, isotype AH).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D32100970F67F2015B4E80C4A68FEC42" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="C41849BB6F3244747B413925F801533A" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FDE7BB10CA112A9DAFD7DC98D3089F12" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">The name refers to its habitat requirement, on calcareous sandy soil or among calcareous rocks and cliffs.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="42456012D055372066414473AAECAB4D" pageId="10" pageNumber="43" type="description">
<paragraph id="FF8003B56F2D566E4C40A67290EB3489" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F67AD1277CFD4D11A1AB92AE47CF180" pageId="10" pageNumber="43">
Spore-sac subglobose, often somewhat depressed, 5-12 mm. Exoperidium hyphal-verrucose, deciduous, sometimes persisting as whitish verrucae scattered on the endoperidial surface. Endoperidium brownish-ochraceous, initially rather dark coloured, with age fading to greyish white. Mouth circular, shortly tubular (Figure 3f), surrounded by a greyish or brownish peristome. Socket separated from the stem, inconspicuous. Stem slender, 20-50 x 2-3 mm, initially orange brown, with age warm reddish brown, longitudinally furrowed, smooth to fissured and appressed scaly, with a basal mycelial bulb (Figure 3a,e). Gleba ochraceous to ferrugineous brown. Capillitium 4-10
<normalizedToken id="140B5532AEBA08EEB8C26BAB186235AB" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
with medium-thick walls, sometimes abundantly ramified. Septa not or very slightly widened (Figure 3b). Spores subglobose, 4.0-6.0
<normalizedToken id="06D41FC5A8DDA3EBFE3BC2292D1E2287" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(av. 4.7-5.0
<normalizedToken id="F93ABF6CD641E4D00898A8705EF1A99F" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
), verrucose-echinate. SEM-photos show spines in groups with connected tips, sometimes coalescing to form ridges and crests (Figure 3
<normalizedToken id="6D4BBF83A980A49637FCE5038822F197" originalValue="gi">g-i</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EA7DD3F19B253693F54928ECE49C1EA0" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="B86E0E35E2F1B35424F43E006B206D51" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
<pageBreakToken id="66C53735118865791126D5525B0687D9" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" start="start">Habitat</pageBreakToken>
and distribution.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8EEB51EC91027EC6C5D00C748ACA9AE4" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Occurs in dry, exposed to semi-shaded situations in calcareous, sandy habitats and on calcareous rocks and cliffs. It is currently on record from Hungary, Norway, Spain, and Sweden.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B467A71BDAF7131A728B420D33C995B9" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" type="notes">
<paragraph id="645FE04381B94A51A01E4BAE2F9A1204" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F67208944180A4414C602008C721452" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
<taxonomicName id="C68A5C80D4A969F4A04A846341921628" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Tulostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Tulostoma calcareum" order="Agaricales" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="calcareum">Tulostoma calcareum</taxonomicName>
was commonly misinterpreted as
<taxonomicName id="076C41CE9CD22502D342B0CA9360B8AE" lsidName="T. squamosum" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="squamosum">T. squamosum</taxonomicName>
(cfr.
<bibRefCitation id="1988BC28E4F4AE852331533D7A6F6E6C" author="Nitare, J" journalOrPublisher="ArtDatabanken, SLU, Uppsala" pageId="47" pageNumber="80" title="Tulostomasquamosum. In: Larsson K-H (ed) Roedlistade svampar i Sverige - Artfakta." year="1997">Nitare 1997</bibRefCitation>
), under which name it is red-listed as Critically endangered (CR) in Sweden (
<bibRefCitation id="AEA96E0C083DE3318C5291F15AD9247A" author="Ariyawansa, HA" journalOrPublisher="Fungal Diversity" pageId="43" pageNumber="76" title="Roedlistade arter i Sverige 2015. ArtDatabanken, SLU, Uppsala." url="http://www.artdatabanken.se" year="2015">Artdatabanken 2015</bibRefCitation>
). It differs from
<taxonomicName id="348582917E813457A2F5B7CCC0365AD2" lsidName="T. squamosum" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="squamosum">T. squamosum</taxonomicName>
by having a hyphal to slightly verrucose exoperidium, by lacking sphaerocysts, and by never forming the reticulate pattern typical of
<taxonomicName id="01045D7417B657E135865DEA2106385A" lsidName="T. squamosum" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="squamosum">T. squamosum</taxonomicName>
. The stipe is also less squamulose. Spores and capillitial characters are almost identical. It differs from
<taxonomicName id="83A25FE03401AD6695FF991C880F73B2" lsidName="T. melanocyclum" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="melanocyclum">T. melanocyclum</taxonomicName>
, with which it can easily be confused, by having a more robust stature, more orange-reddish brown colours of the stipe, and slightly smaller spores (av. 4.7-5.0
<normalizedToken id="B6BD9C699111D1EEB036931C7D100DDD" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
vs 5.2-5.4
<normalizedToken id="1B2698C5A80616DCF2A48C22D0067A42" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
in
<taxonomicName id="62CDCFE083A4F909A8C01135AB035043" lsidName="T. melanocyclum" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="melanocyclum">T. melanocyclum</taxonomicName>
). SEM-photos of
<taxonomicName id="BD193DB16790537A4C6C457431023E73" lsidName="T. melanocyclum" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="melanocyclum">T. melanocyclum</taxonomicName>
(Figure 2i) show similar spore ornamentation but with spines with less tendency to coalesce and form ridges. In macro-morphology
<taxonomicName id="8E00874BDFBFAC13F09403654B34F070" lsidName="T. calcareum" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="calcareum">T. calcareum</taxonomicName>
is fairly similar to
<taxonomicName id="7350E735C07E467D7D838D8C0CDDD713" lsidName="T. ferrugineum" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="ferrugineum">T. ferrugineum</taxonomicName>
D.M. Oliver &amp; Hosford, a species described from northwestern USA, whose type material no one has been able to locate (
<bibRefCitation id="E635D9977194AED500359CC825C5E1B4" author="Wright, JE" journalOrPublisher="Berlin, Stuttgart" pageId="49" pageNumber="82" title="The genus Tulostoma (Gasteromycetes) - A world monograph. Bibliotheca Mycologica 113." year="1987">Wright 1987</bibRefCitation>
). However, according to its original description, it differs from
<taxonomicName id="123DB36B3ECA354FE775AE6CF608537F" lsidName="T. calcareum" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="calcareum">T. calcareum</taxonomicName>
by having distinctly widened capillitial septa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C65CC8DAA96BD533E969F5EF106E764F" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0D04112B502AC313363D425BEFB191E9" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA0A80E05D5A92980EE119BD92550534" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
HUNGARY, Budapest:
<normalizedToken id="195115D65282386C8ABAF4B713355604" originalValue="Pilisszántó">Pilisszanto</normalizedToken>
, on dolomite grassland, 31 Dec. 2013, P. Finy 4, (GB)*. NORWAY, Oppland:
<normalizedToken id="04B03C22F100F3F080252CC5C959AA80" originalValue="Vågå">Vaga</normalizedToken>
, 15 Jul. 2010, A. Breili S0133 (GB)*. SPAIN, Girona: Lloret de Mar, Platja de Fenals, sandy grassland with scattered pines, near hotel buildings, Oct. 2010, J-O. Aarnaes 2010-1 (GB)*. SWEDEN,
<normalizedToken id="B1F7A51779891F955C7DBB9D21AB2A05" originalValue="Södermanland">Soedermanland</normalizedToken>
:
<normalizedToken id="C2E4776BB99E1AB0DFB505671C60921C" originalValue="Mörkö">Moerkoe</normalizedToken>
, Egelsvik, Kalkberget, on calcareous soil under
<taxonomicName id="C1BB57E452C6CBD291C91F68F0DBCFCD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Artemisia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Artemisia campestris" order="Asterales" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="campestris">Artemisia campestris</taxonomicName>
in rocky slope, 5 Nov. 2004, M. Jeppson 6966 (GB).
<normalizedToken id="18103B520A7E9F89056DB39F4890C4C8" originalValue="Öland">Oeland</normalizedToken>
:
<normalizedToken id="98004F86EAF2E051440476F51427ED66" originalValue="Böda">Boeda</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="2483003BE7A30031FE78439436DCE235" originalValue="Ramsnäs">Ramsnaes</normalizedToken>
, Hagudden, torrmark mellan fritidshus och strandvallen, 5 Apr. 2007, E. Hultqvist, T. Knutsson, U. Andersson, T. Gunnarsson, M. Jeppson 9077 (GB);
<normalizedToken id="D74A80F97AED3983620268CC0122337E" originalValue="Gårdby">Gardby</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="DEC84A54CD37422E2877251998299963" originalValue="sandgräshed">sandgraeshed</normalizedToken>
, 6 Mar. 1999, K. Bringer (GB);
<normalizedToken id="945C9C8C7ED6BF29F873979B67DCB153" originalValue="Gårdby">Gardby</normalizedToken>
, V. om
<normalizedToken id="A4B42812E467D81B5C402FE953E23C1C" originalValue="hembygdsgården">hembygdsgarden</normalizedToken>
, sand steppe vegetation, 25 Sept. 2004, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 7141 (GB)*;
<normalizedToken id="637E1CEB5EBB3C248884FD4870AB4DA8" originalValue="Högsrum">Hoegsrum</normalizedToken>
, Karums alvar, dry calcareous grassland around
<taxonomicName id="25403A2D9574D18008625AFCA180D36B" class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Juniperus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Juniperus" order="Pinales" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Juniperus</taxonomicName>
bush, 11 Nov. 2006,
<normalizedToken id="A3532200B73C28CC6BB87E494D751F5A" originalValue="Ölands">Oelands</normalizedToken>
Botaniska
<normalizedToken id="AAF1F548A9E0440FBF59D1CB18627612" originalValue="Förening">Foerening</normalizedToken>
, M. Jeppson 8065 (GB)*; Hulterstad, Alby,
<normalizedToken id="20B2B5DF05945A9313E66A612587CCD0" originalValue="på">pa</normalizedToken>
Ancylusvallen vid infarten till skolan,
<normalizedToken id="054618FB0C36530210A0A518A205B4FF" originalValue="väg-/trädgårdskant">vaeg-/traedgardskant</normalizedToken>
i
<normalizedToken id="16B80AC8FB0DE7826006E4A67C241D66" originalValue="gräsmatta">graesmatta</normalizedToken>
med mossor
<normalizedToken id="34AE7C27E4C8F657022411FAC97470B4" originalValue="på">pa</normalizedToken>
sandig jord, 18 Apr. 1997, H. Lundqvist, T. Knutsson 97-034 (GB); Hulterstad, Alby skola, i
<normalizedToken id="9EF55E4F45FD7AA9FD97A33433F1BCBE" originalValue="gräsmatta">graesmatta</normalizedToken>
och rabatt, 15 Oct. 2002, S. Jeppson, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 6513 (GB); Hulterstad, Triberga, sand steppe vegetation, 15 Nov. 2003, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 6375 (GB)*; Ibidem, 15 Nov. 2003, M. Jeppson 6438 (GB)*; Norra
<normalizedToken id="274A0D59FD307E68A85F89F937265351" originalValue="Möckleby">Moeckleby</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="AF71AAA68F5E965D0171AA37366095B6" originalValue="Dörby">Doerby</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="8C82282FE209B954D40BBA3DB4D5DBD1" originalValue="torräng">torraeng</normalizedToken>
i kanten av den forna
<normalizedToken id="A88505BBD3C783779DD5AD4A38E0A7E8" originalValue="järnvägsbanken">jaernvaegsbanken</normalizedToken>
, 4 Apr. 2009, E. Hultqvist, T. Knutsson, U. Andersson, T. Gunnarsson, M. Jeppson 9084 (GB); Norra
<normalizedToken id="7B5000F35C5F36C070B6096DA333980F" originalValue="Möckleby">Moeckleby</normalizedToken>
, Bettorps
<normalizedToken id="33A6395F1D590999497FC9D80312C630" originalValue="vägskäl">vaegskael</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken id="A99B89438C239498944FAE90309887C5" originalValue="sandstäppsvegetation">sandstaeppsvegetation</normalizedToken>
, 21 Jul. 2006, T. Knutsson, U. Andersson, T. Gunnarsson, M. Jeppson 8777 (GB); Resmo,
<normalizedToken id="F33C14641EB0706AD7BB1A80B5F5BE29" originalValue="”Resmokorridoren”">&quot;Resmokorridoren&quot;</normalizedToken>
, 5 May 2005, U. Andersson, T. Gunnarsson (GB);
<normalizedToken id="B4804DAF239D54D3BFC0E0F4D0B92891" originalValue="Räpplinge">Raepplinge</normalizedToken>
, Borgholms slottsalvar,
<normalizedToken id="8371F4C22EDA49E00172A375941E68B1" originalValue="kalkhällmark">kalkhaellmark</normalizedToken>
i
<normalizedToken id="F9A9CC5E43DBBC33D077A10C7558AAF5" originalValue="ängshavretorräng">aengshavretorraeng</normalizedToken>
, 11 Nov. 2001, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 5743 (GB); Ibidem, M. Jeppson 5744 (GB); Sandby, Sandby
<normalizedToken id="4C040AB72646857ADF3E17E4CAE8236E" originalValue="kyrkvägskäl">kyrkvaegskael</normalizedToken>
, sandy roadside, 24 Sept. 2004, J. Jeppson, M. Jeppson 7121 (GB).
</paragraph>
<caption id="437ADAC455A569C1CCF62CBECC6C50D2" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
<paragraph id="EF5A2A45B628BC51F7139D46B48ED9D0" pageId="11" pageNumber="44">
Figure 3.
<taxonomicName id="9B10B01F585885593EF72FB63E92D3FB" lsidName="T. calcareum" pageId="11" pageNumber="44" rank="species" species="calcareum">T. calcareum</taxonomicName>
, holotype (M. Jeppson 6965, GB): a, e basidiocarps b capillitium c,
<normalizedToken id="819FC4AE7A283A0723009A5407F5D058" originalValue="gi">g-i</normalizedToken>
spores f detail of spore-sac showing the tubular mouth d basidiocarps (M. Jeppson 6513, GB). Scale bars: a,
<normalizedToken id="A31BD4E99CB44C8AD480F84FBCA5334B" originalValue="de">d-e</normalizedToken>
= 10 mm;
<normalizedToken id="7B1BFFD65E7AD8F166939E30A481F20B" originalValue="bc">b-c</normalizedToken>
=10
<normalizedToken id="C115558A082C276F6B6A89F64BD18FFE" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
; f = 5 mm;
<normalizedToken id="C757128A52E438A2A1A437D4150EB148" originalValue="gi">g-i</normalizedToken>
= 1
<normalizedToken id="055D80773CECEBDDA21A2735A7449887" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>