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<document id="DD92D1525C819692BDAF84AC09CFCCE9" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.277211" ID-GBIF-Dataset="02822034-b581-4195-a509-5ee435369d0e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="277211" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460276828081" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I." docDate="2011" docId="D34C87B84D1B2602FF44F91B6459FA4E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02819p050.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2819" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Pycnoderma talehsapensis Fauvel 1932, n. comb." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="2F75FFC04D32262EFFD3FFA9670EFFD2" masterDocTitle="Revision of Piromis Kinberg, 1867 and Pycnoderma Grube, 1877 (Polychaeta: Flabelligeridae)" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="42" updateTime="1698248591664" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="3A43108227EC9968B1F127F0A0E4D5AE">Revision of Piromis Kinberg, 1867 and Pycnoderma Grube, 1877 (Polychaeta: Flabelligeridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7C7E733D40C6B9EDBFC58741C8959BEF">Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="08FDD6C3413405F177B8B68D86551A25">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date id="1D8FA6530D405404CEBBBF1441AEC717">2011</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="AC78049C6F864326034D86D66FD1A5C8" type="volume">
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<mods:classification id="9E943AEC2D049B86A182EF173451BD44">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="77CDEDBC0AB91BC44E5E9811A8628045" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.277211</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CC2524A6D41DD1F89AF2B463B396965C" type="GBIF-Dataset">02822034-b581-4195-a509-5ee435369d0e</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="D34C87B84D1B2602FF44F91B6459FA4E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6183623" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119396161" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6183623" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D34C87B84D1B2602FF44F91B6459FA4E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D34C87B84D1B2602FF44F91B6459FA4E" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<subSubSection id="13FF65254D1B2607FF44F91B660DF93F" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5B5A36AE4D1B2607FF44F91B640FF91E" blockId="41.[151,769,1714,1773]" box="[151,769,1714,1740]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<heading id="001281C24D1B2607FF44F91B640FF91E" bold="true" box="[151,769,1714,1740]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" reason="1">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1B2607FF44F91B640FF91E" bold="true" box="[151,769,1714,1740]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicName id="9CE54D2D4D1B2607FF44F91B6581F91E" authority="Fauvel, 1932" authorityName="Fauvel" authorityYear="1932" box="[151,655,1714,1740]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Pycnoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="talehsapensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1B2607FF44F91B66D8F91E" bold="true" box="[151,470,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Pycnoderma talehsapensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3F744B5F4D1B2607FE36F91B6588F91E" author="Fauvel" box="[485,646,1714,1740]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Fauvel, P. (1932) Annelida Polychaeta of the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Memoirs of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, 12, 1 - 262." type="journal article" year="1932">Fauvel, 1932</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72A257C74D1B2607FD45F91B640FF91E" box="[662,769,1714,1740]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B5A36AE4D1B2607FF44F97C660DF93F" blockId="41.[151,769,1714,1773]" box="[151,259,1749,1773]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<figureCitation id="C3DE2A2B4D1B2607FF44F97C660DF93F" box="[151,259,1749,1773]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="43.[151,248,1605,1628]" captionTargetBox="[176,1407,200,1574]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[169,1417,193,1584]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 20. Pycnoderma talehsapensis (Fauvel, 1932) n. comb. A. Complete specimen (NTM- 18620), dorsal view. B. Same, anterior end, ventral view. C. Same, posterior end, lateral view. D. Another specimen (MZB- 58), anterior end, dorsal view. E. Same, anterior end, ventral view showing maculated branchiae and round palps. F. Another specimen (NTM- 18620), parapodium from chaetiger 13. G. Same, parapodium from chaetiger 33. H. Same, enlargement of neurochaetae. I. Same, articulation of the former neurochaetae. Scale bars: A: 1 mm, B: 0.33 mm, C: 0.6 mm, D, E: 0.2 mm, F, G: 80 µm, H: 40 µm, I: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277231/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Figure 20</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13FF65254D1B2607FF44F8B4662FF883" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="5B5A36AE4D1B2607FF44F8B4662FF883" blockId="41.[151,1436,1821,1873]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="7BF511804D1B2607FF44F8B4662FF883" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicName id="9CE54D2D4D1B2607FF44F8B4652BF8E1" ID-CoL="N4KD" authority="Fauvel, 1932:184" authorityName="Fauvel" authorityPageNumber="184" authorityYear="1932" box="[151,549,1821,1843]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Brada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="talehsapensis">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1B2607FF44F8B46669F8E1" box="[151,359,1821,1843]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Brada talehsapensis</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="DA4410BF4D1B2607FEA2F8B4652BF8E1" author="Fauvel" box="[369,549,1821,1843]" page="184" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" year="1932">
<bibRefCitation id="3F744B5F4D1B2607FEA2F8B466F4F8E1" author="Fauvel" box="[369,506,1821,1843]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Fauvel, P. (1932) Annelida Polychaeta of the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Memoirs of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, 12, 1 - 262." type="journal article" year="1932">Fauvel, 1932</bibRefCitation>
:184
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
–185, Pl. 7,
<figureCitation id="C3DE2A2B4D1B2607FD7BF8B465FAF8E0" box="[680,756,1821,1843]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1003,1026]" captionTargetBox="[172,1414,448,981]" captionTargetId="figure@38.[169,1417,445,982]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 17. Pycnoderma glabra (Treadwell, 1901) n. comb. Holotype (USNM- 16162). A. Complete specimen, dorsal view (insert: anterior end, dorsal view). B. Same, anterior chaetigers, close up of tunic. C. Same, median chaetigers, close up of tunic. D. Notochaetae of anterior chaetiger, showing basal, medial and distal regions. E. Neurochaetae of anterior chaetiger (insert: close up showing articulation pattern). Scale bars: A: 1 mm, B, C: 0.4 mm, D: 40 µm, E: 65 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277228/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
, Text fig. 32;
<treatmentCitation id="DA4410BF4D1B2607FC5EF8B46330F8E1" author="Fauvel" box="[909,1086,1821,1843]" page="351" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" year="1953">
<bibRefCitation id="3F744B5F4D1B2607FC5EF8B4631BF8E1" author="Fauvel" box="[909,1045,1821,1843]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Fauvel, P. (1953) The Fauna of India including Pakistan, Ceylon, Burma and Malaya. Annelida Polychaeta. Allahabad: Indian Press, 12 + 507 pp." type="book" year="1953">Fauvel, 1953</bibRefCitation>
:351
</treatmentCitation>
–352, Figs. 183a–d;?
<treatmentCitation id="DA4410BF4D1B2607FAF1F8B46613F883" author="Kirkegaard" page="63" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" year="1996">
<bibRefCitation id="3F744B5F4D1B2607FAF1F8B467F1F883" author="Kirkegaard" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Kirkegaard, J. B. (1996) Bathyal and abyssal polychaetes (sedentary species 1). Galathea Reports, 17, 57 - 77." type="journal article" year="1996">Kirkegaard, 1996</bibRefCitation>
:63
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13FF65254D1B2604FF44F8D66441F96E" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="5B5A36AE4D1B2607FF44F8D666D2F80C" blockId="41.[151,1436,1918,2014]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1B2607FF44F8D664E0F845" bold="true" box="[151,1006,1918,1943]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<typeStatus id="845E880C4D1B2607FF44F8D667DCF845" box="[151,210,1919,1943]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Type</typeStatus>
material. Western Tropical Pacific, South
<collectingCountry id="23F2763E4D1B2607FD3AF8D7643CF845" box="[745,818,1918,1943]" name="China" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">China</collectingCountry>
Sea,
<collectingCountry id="23F2763E4D1B2607FCA9F8D764E7F845" box="[890,1001,1918,1943]" name="Thailand" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Thailand</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
One slide (IRFA-R30), with several parapodia from
<taxonomicName id="9CE54D2D4D1B2607FE81F80A65EEF868" authority="Fauvel, 1932" authorityName="Fauvel" authorityYear="1932" box="[338,736,1954,1979]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Brada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="talehsapensis">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1B2607FE81F80A6534F869" box="[338,570,1955,1979]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Brada talehsapensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="3F744B5F4D1B2607FD95F80B65EEF868" author="Fauvel" box="[582,736,1954,1978]" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" refString="Fauvel, P. (1932) Annelida Polychaeta of the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Memoirs of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, 12, 1 - 262." type="journal article" year="1932">Fauvel, 1932</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, Sta. 30, Songkhla Lagoon (formerly known as Taleh-Sap),
<collectingCountry id="23F2763E4D1B2607FF44F86F67F3F80C" box="[151,253,1990,2014]" name="Thailand" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, N. Annandale coll.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B5A36AE4D182604FF16FF3E6441F96E" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D182604FF16FF3E6306FF62" bold="true" box="[197,1032,151,176]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
Additional material. Western Tropical Pacific, Hainan Island,
<collectingCountry id="23F2763E4D182604FC64FF3E630CFF62" box="[951,1026,151,176]" name="China" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">China</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
One specimen (SMF-15345), anterior fragment, Sanya Bay, Sta. B92-18B-13, dredge,
<quantity id="9C1D9B4B4D182604FD34FF15641BFF06" box="[743,789,188,212]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="6.0">6 m</quantity>
,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FCF2FF1564B5FF06" box="[801,955,188,212]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1992-03-25">25 Mar. 1992</date>
, R. Sun coll. One specimen (SMF-15346), anterior fragment, Sanya Bay, Sta. B92-17B-12, dredge,
<quantity id="9C1D9B4B4D182604FCC9FF766446FF25" box="[794,840,223,247]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="6.0">6 m</quantity>
,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FC86FF7664FEFF25" box="[853,1008,223,247]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1992-03-25">25 Mar. 1992</date>
, R. Sun coll.
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D182604FB59FF766208FF2A" bold="true" box="[1162,1286,223,248]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<collectingCountry id="23F2763E4D182604FB59FF76620FFF2A" box="[1162,1281,223,248]" name="Indonesia" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
.
</emphasis>
One anterior fragment (MZB-7) broken in two, Sta. NT2A (04°03.02ʹ N, 108°26.48ʹ E), Natuna Timur,
<quantity id="9C1D9B4B4D182604FB58FEAD63C8FECE" box="[1163,1222,260,284]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="60.0">60 m</quantity>
,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FB02FEAD6250FECE" box="[1233,1374,260,284]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2001-07-29">29 Jul. 2001</date>
, I. Al Hakin coll. (cephalic cage about as long as reaching chaetiger 5(–6)). One anterior fragment (MZB-19), Sta. NT3A (04°06.62ʹ N, 108°23.48ʹ E), Natuna Timur,
<quantity id="9C1D9B4B4D182604FD5CFEE565C5FEB6" box="[655,715,332,356]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="64.0">64 m</quantity>
,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FD0BFEE56469FEB6" box="[728,871,332,356]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2001-07-29">29 Jul. 2001</date>
, I. Al Hakin, coll. (cephalic cage about as long as reaching chaetiger 5). Two complete specimens (MZB-58), slightly damaged, Sta. NT8A (04°17.01ʹ N, 108°19.00ʹ E), Natuna Timur,
<quantity id="9C1D9B4B4D182604FEB9FE3D66ABFE7E" box="[362,421,404,428]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.1" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="71.0">71 m</quantity>
,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FE62FE3D6530FE7E" box="[433,574,404,428]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2001-07-30">30 Jul. 2001</date>
, I. Al Hakin, coll. (cephalic cage about as long as reaching chaetiger 5). One complete specimen (MZB-105), Sta. NB18A (03°40.28ʹ N, 107°56.00ʹ E), Natuna Barat,
<quantity id="9C1D9B4B4D182604FB55FE1E63CFFE1D" box="[1158,1217,439,463]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="56.0">56 m</quantity>
,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FB1EFE1E6253FE1D" box="[1229,1373,439,464]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2001-08-03">3 Aug. 2001</date>
, I. Al Hakin coll. (cephalic cage about as long as reaching chaetiger 5). One complete specimen (MZB-112), Sta. NB18B (03°40.28ʹ N, 107°56.00ʹ E), Natuna Barat,
<quantity id="9C1D9B4B4D182604FD59FE5665C8FDC5" box="[650,710,511,535]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="56.0">56 m</quantity>
,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FD00FE56646AFDC5" box="[723,868,511,536]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2001-08-03">3 Aug. 2001</date>
, I. Al Hakin, coll. (cephalic cage about as long as reaching chaetiger 6). One anterior fragment (NTM-18472), Sta. NT2A (04°03.02ʹ N, 108°26.48ʹ E), East Natuna,
<quantity id="9C1D9B4B4D182604FF44FDEE67DFFD8D" box="[151,209,583,607]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="60.0">60 m</quantity>
,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FF0EFDEE6666FD8D" box="[221,360,583,607]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2001-07-29">29 Jul. 2001</date>
, I. Al Hakin, coll. (cephalic cage about as long as reaching chaetiger 6). One complete specimen (NTM-18620), Sta. NB17A (03°44.82ʹ N, 107°58.76ʹ E), West Natuna,
<quantity id="9C1D9B4B4D182604FC6DFDC564F7FD56" box="[958,1017,620,644]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="48.0">48 m</quantity>
,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FBD6FDC5639AFD56" box="[1029,1172,620,644]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2001-08-03">3 Aug. 2001</date>
, I. Al Hakin coll. (used for description). One complete specimen (ZRC-418), Sta. NT7B (04°14.02ʹ N, 108°14.02ʹ E), Natuna Timur,
<quantity id="9C1D9B4B4D182604FA8FFD266299FD75" box="[1372,1431,655,679]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="66.0">66 m</quantity>
,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FF44FD1D6626FD1E" box="[151,296,692,716]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="2001-07-30">30 Jul. 2001</date>
, I. Al Hakin, coll. (cephalic cage about as long as reaching chaetiger 5 chaetigers).
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D182604FB23FD1A663DFD22" bold="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea.</emphasis>
One specimen (LACM-AHF-2519), anterior fragment, International Indian Ocean Expedition, R/V
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D182604FF44FD556626FCC6" box="[151,296,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Anton Bruun</emphasis>
, Sta. AB 201A (17º57ʹ N, 72º27ʹ E to 17º54ʹ N, 72º23ʹ E),
<quantity id="9C1D9B4B4D182604FC1DFD55633AFCC6" box="[974,1076,764,788]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.05" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.6" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="50.5" valueMax="55.0" valueMin="46.0">46–55 m</quantity>
, green mud and shells,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FA91FD5567DCFCE5" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1963-11-13">13 Nov. 1963</date>
. One specimen (LACM-AHF-2520), broken in two pieces, SW off
<collectingCountry id="23F2763E4D182604FC3EFCB66341FCE5" box="[1005,1103,799,823]" name="India" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Mumbai</collectingCountry>
, W off Kelshi, Maharashtra,
<collectingCountry id="23F2763E4D182604FF44FCED67DDFC8E" box="[151,211,836,860]" name="India" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">India</collectingCountry>
, International Indian Ocean Expedition, Okah Point, Gulf of Kutch, Gujarat,
<collectingCountry id="23F2763E4D182604FB9EFCED6387FC8E" box="[1101,1161,836,860]" name="India" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">India</collectingCountry>
, R/V
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D182604FB1CFCED626FFC8E" box="[1231,1377,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Anton Bruun</emphasis>
, Sta. AB 222A (22º43ʹ N, 68º22ʹ E to 22º45ʹ N, 68º24ʹ E),
<quantity id="9C1D9B4B4D182604FCD1FCCE6466FCAD" box="[770,872,871,895]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="26.5" valueMax="27.0" valueMin="26.0">26–27 m</quantity>
, soft, sticky mud and clay,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FB76FCCE624FFCAD" box="[1189,1345,871,895]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1963-11-18">18 Nov. 1963</date>
(neurohooks from chaetiger 18).
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D182604FE14FC256576FC76" bold="true" box="[455,632,907,932]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Bay of Bengal.</emphasis>
Ninety-seven specimens (LACM-AHF-2521), juveniles, 53 complete, International Indian Ocean Expedition, Northern Indian Ocean, Stat RH 30, Madras,
<collectingCountry id="23F2763E4D182604FB8FFC066396FC15" box="[1116,1176,943,967]" name="India" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">India</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="9C1D9B4B4D182604FB76FC0663FAFC15" box="[1189,1268,943,967]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="km" value="2.5">2.5 km</quantity>
SE off harbor, directly east of the University building,
<quantity id="9C1D9B4B4D182604FD87FC7D6580FC3E" box="[596,654,980,1004]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FD49FC7D643CFC3E" box="[666,818,980,1004]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1964-03-18">18 Mar. 1964</date>
, H. Sanders coll.
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D182604FC26FC7A639AFC3E" bold="true" box="[1013,1172,979,1004]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Persian Gulf.</emphasis>
Four specimens (SMF- 15341), juveniles, Cruise GEOMAR 91, Sta. PG 1 KG, 1991, H. Zetsche coll. (neurohooks from chaetiger 15). One specimen (SMF-15342), juvenile, Cruise GEOMAR 91, Sta. PG 27 KG, 1991, H. Zetsche, coll. (neurohooks from chaetiger 15).
<collectingCountry id="23F2763E4D182604FEEBFBE966C4FB8A" box="[312,458,1088,1112]" name="Madagascar" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D182604FEEBFBE966C4FB8A" bold="true" box="[312,458,1088,1112]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Madagascar</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
. Two specimens (SMF-15354), anterior fragments, some chaetae broken, Banc du Pracel, near Chesterfield Island, St. BP 25, 28 m,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FD7EFBCD644BFBAE" box="[685,837,1124,1148]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1970-04-11">11 Apr. 1970</date>
, R. Plante, coll. (neurohooks from chaetiger 16–19). One specimen (SMF-15358), most tunic eroded, most papillae broken,
<collectingCountry id="23F2763E4D182604FC6BFB2064FDFB73" box="[952,1011,1161,1185]" name="Iceland" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Nosy</collectingCountry>
Mitsio,
<collectingCountry id="23F2763E4D182604FB81FB206383FB73" box="[1106,1165,1161,1185]" name="Iceland" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Nosy</collectingCountry>
Be, St. 1,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FAD7FB2E6296FB4D" box="[1284,1432,1159,1184]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1970-06-22">22 Jun. 1970</date>
, R. Plante coll. (neurohooks from chaetiger 21). One specimen (SMF-15361), anterior fragment, Sud
<collectingCountry id="23F2763E4D182604FAC3FB046245FB17" box="[1296,1355,1197,1221]" name="Iceland" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Nosy</collectingCountry>
Iranja, St. 2/D,
<quantity id="9C1D9B4B4D182604FF27FB796621FB3A" box="[244,303,1232,1256]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="37.0">37 m</quantity>
,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FEE8FB7966DBFB3A" box="[315,469,1232,1256]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1969-11-18">18 Nov. 1969</date>
, R. Plante coll. One specimen (SMF-15363), most body papillae eroded, Nord Mitsio, St. B / D,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FED8FB5D6699FADE" box="[267,407,1268,1293]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1969-05-08">8 May 1969</date>
, R. Plante coll. (neurohooks from chaetiger 20). Three specimens (SMF-15366), two complete, body papillae variously eroded, Banc du Pracel, near Chesterfield Islands, St. BP 31, 22 m,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FB32FAB16278FAE2" box="[1249,1398,1304,1328]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1970-04-12">12 Apr. 1970</date>
, R. Plante coll. (neurohooks from chaetiger 14–15). Ten specimens (SMF-15367), three complete, seven anterior fragments, Banc du Pracel, near Chesterfield Islands, St. BP 32, 33 m,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FC5AFAC96311FAAA" box="[905,1055,1376,1400]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1970-04-12">12 Apr. 1970</date>
, R. Plante coll. (neurohooks from chaetiger 15–19). Two specimens (SMF-15368), anterior fragments,
<collectingCountry id="23F2763E4D182604FC78FA2C64E8FA4F" box="[939,998,1413,1437]" name="Iceland" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Nosy</collectingCountry>
Mitsio, St. 1,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FB5CFA2D6210FA4E" box="[1167,1310,1412,1437]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1969-05-08">8 May 1969</date>
, R. Plante, coll. One specimen (SMF-15371), without posterior end, some chaetae broken, St. BP 29, 13 m,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FB0CFA016278FA12" box="[1247,1398,1448,1472]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1970-04-12">12 Apr. 1970</date>
, R. Plante, coll. (first neurohooks from chaetiger 23). Eight specimens (SMF-15372), three anterior, five median or posterior fragments, body papillae variously eroded, Western Anfiky 2, St. 2, 30 m,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FB85FA5963E3F9DA" box="[1110,1261,1520,1544]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1969-04-17">17 Apr. 1969</date>
, R. Plante coll. One specimen (SMF-15374), without posterior end,
<collectingCountry id="23F2763E4D182604FD32F9BC6412F9FF" box="[737,796,1557,1581]" name="Iceland" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Nosy</collectingCountry>
Iranja, Sta. 4, Benne,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FBC6F9BD63A4F9FE" box="[1045,1194,1556,1580]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1966-09-17">17 Sep. 1966</date>
, R. Plante, coll. (neurohooks from chaetiger 16). One specimen (SMF-15377), mature female, without posterior end, most body papillae eroded, B. Ambano, St. Bouee,
<quantity id="9C1D9B4B4D182604FDF8F9F56569F9A6" box="[555,615,1628,1652]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="80.0">80 m</quantity>
,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FDA6F9F465F2F9A6" box="[629,764,1628,1652]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1969-06-07">7 Jun. 1969</date>
, R. Plante, coll. (neurohooks from chaetiger 14; oocytes in chaetigers 5-11). One specimen (SMF-15378), juvenile without posterior end, Baie des Ambaro, St. Bouee,
<quantity id="9C1D9B4B4D182604FA88F9296299F94A" box="[1371,1431,1664,1688]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
,
<date id="2F5B106E4D182604FF44F90D6622F96E" box="[151,300,1700,1724]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1969-02-15">15 Feb. 1969</date>
, R. Plante, coll. (neurohooks from chaetiger 14).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13FF65254D182602FF16F96E6296FC3E" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="description">
<paragraph id="5B5A36AE4D182604FF16F96E64FEF89E" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D182604FF16F96E6659F932" bold="true" box="[197,343,1735,1760]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Description.</emphasis>
Complete specimen (NTM-18620) thin, rust-reddish anteriorly, darker in chaetigers 14–22, median and posterior segments pale (
<figureCitation id="C3DE2A2B4D182604FDE4F9456586F8D6" box="[567,648,1772,1796]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="43.[151,248,1605,1628]" captionTargetBox="[176,1407,200,1574]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[169,1417,193,1584]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 20. Pycnoderma talehsapensis (Fauvel, 1932) n. comb. A. Complete specimen (NTM- 18620), dorsal view. B. Same, anterior end, ventral view. C. Same, posterior end, lateral view. D. Another specimen (MZB- 58), anterior end, dorsal view. E. Same, anterior end, ventral view showing maculated branchiae and round palps. F. Another specimen (NTM- 18620), parapodium from chaetiger 13. G. Same, parapodium from chaetiger 33. H. Same, enlargement of neurochaetae. I. Same, articulation of the former neurochaetae. Scale bars: A: 1 mm, B: 0.33 mm, C: 0.6 mm, D, E: 0.2 mm, F, G: 80 µm, H: 40 µm, I: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277231/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
A); tunic thin, finely papillated, fine sediment particles thinly covering body; papillae mostly small, thin, clavate, abundant all over body, some papillae longer, clavate in chaetal lobes. Specimen
<quantity id="9C1D9B4B4D182604FEDFF89D6655F89E" box="[268,347,1844,1868]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="17.0">17 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="9C1D9B4B4D182604FE72F89D66ECF89E" box="[417,482,1844,1868]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
wide, cephalic cage
<quantity id="9C1D9B4B4D182604FD1FF89D6403F89E" box="[716,781,1844,1868]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long, 59 chaetigers.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B5A36AE4D182604FF16F8F163EEF86A" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,1976]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
Cephalic hood not exposed, observed in two specimens (ZMB-58) with anterior end slightly exposed (
<figureCitation id="C3DE2A2B4D182604FABCF8F167BBF846" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="43.[151,248,1605,1628]" captionTargetBox="[176,1407,200,1574]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[169,1417,193,1584]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 20. Pycnoderma talehsapensis (Fauvel, 1932) n. comb. A. Complete specimen (NTM- 18620), dorsal view. B. Same, anterior end, ventral view. C. Same, posterior end, lateral view. D. Another specimen (MZB- 58), anterior end, dorsal view. E. Same, anterior end, ventral view showing maculated branchiae and round palps. F. Another specimen (NTM- 18620), parapodium from chaetiger 13. G. Same, parapodium from chaetiger 33. H. Same, enlargement of neurochaetae. I. Same, articulation of the former neurochaetae. Scale bars: A: 1 mm, B: 0.33 mm, C: 0.6 mm, D, E: 0.2 mm, F, G: 80 µm, H: 40 µm, I: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277231/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
D, E); hood short with papillated margin. Prostomium low cone; eyes tiny, black. Palps pale, thick, smooth; palp keels reduced. Lateral lips wide, projected because of contraction, dorsal and ventral lips reduced.
</paragraph>
<caption id="0F9A66264D192605FF44F9EC63FDF904" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277231/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" targetBox="[176,1407,200,1574]" targetPageId="43">
<paragraph id="5B5A36AE4D192605FF44F9EC63FDF904" blockId="43.[151,1437,1605,1750]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D192605FF44F9EC6611F989" bold="true" box="[151,287,1605,1628]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">FIGURE 20.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9CE54D2D4D192605FEF5F9EF65C5F98E" authority="Fauvel, 1932" authorityName="Fauvel" authorityYear="1932" box="[294,715,1606,1628]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Pycnoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="talehsapensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D192605FEF5F9EF653EF98E" box="[294,560,1606,1628]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Pycnoderma talehsapensis</emphasis>
(Fauvel, 1932)
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D192605FD00F9EF6422F989" bold="true" box="[723,812,1606,1627]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72A257C74D192605FD00F9EF6422F989" box="[723,812,1606,1627]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A. Complete specimen (NTM-18620), dorsal view. B. Same, anterior end, ventral view. C. Same, posterior end, lateral view. D. Another specimen (MZB-58), anterior end, dorsal view. E. Same, anterior end, ventral view showing maculated branchiae and round palps. F. Another specimen (NTM-18620), parapodium from chaetiger 13. G. Same, parapodium from chaetiger 33. H. Same, enlargement of neurochaetae. I. Same, articulation of the former neurochaetae. Scale bars: A: 1 mm, B: 0.33 mm, C: 0.6 mm, D, E: 0.2 mm, F,G: 80 µm, H: 40 µm, I: 20 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="5B5A36AE4D192605FF16F8AA6605F855" blockId="43.[151,1436,1795,2035]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Branchiae all cirriform, each filament dark-banded, swollen distally; arising from branchial plate, widely separated medially in two groups, over a tongue-like protuberance, branchial groups posteriorly coalescent, ten filaments per side. Branchiae of similar length, slightly longer than palps. Nephridial lobes colorless, shorter than branchiae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B5A36AE4D192602FF16F83A6689FF25" blockId="43.[151,1436,1795,2035]" lastBlockId="44.[151,1437,151,1436]" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
Cephalic cage chaetae as long as body width (
<figureCitation id="C3DE2A2B4D192605FD1BF83A6412F879" box="[712,796,1939,1963]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="43.[151,248,1605,1628]" captionTargetBox="[176,1407,200,1574]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[169,1417,193,1584]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 20. Pycnoderma talehsapensis (Fauvel, 1932) n. comb. A. Complete specimen (NTM- 18620), dorsal view. B. Same, anterior end, ventral view. C. Same, posterior end, lateral view. D. Another specimen (MZB- 58), anterior end, dorsal view. E. Same, anterior end, ventral view showing maculated branchiae and round palps. F. Another specimen (NTM- 18620), parapodium from chaetiger 13. G. Same, parapodium from chaetiger 33. H. Same, enlargement of neurochaetae. I. Same, articulation of the former neurochaetae. Scale bars: A: 1 mm, B: 0.33 mm, C: 0.6 mm, D, E: 0.2 mm, F, G: 80 µm, H: 40 µm, I: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277231/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
B). Only chaetiger 1 involved in the cephalic cage. Chaetae arranged in short dorsal row (notochaetae) and short lateral row (neurochaetae); 6 noto- and 3–4 neurochaetae per bundle (all broken). Anterior dorsal margin of chaetiger 1 projected as small papillated cone. Anterior chaetigers without long papillae. Chaetigers 1–3 reduce in size posteriorly, with second parapodia displaced dorsally. Chaetal transition from cephalic cage to body chaetae gradual; compound neurohooks from chaetiger 15. Gonopodial lobes not visible.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B5A36AE4D1E2602FF16FEAD65D6FEB6" blockId="44.[151,1437,151,1436]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
Parapodia poorly developed, lateral. Median neuropodia lateral. Notopodia low rounded lobes, each with 2–3 clavate papillae (
<figureCitation id="C3DE2A2B4D1E2602FE85FE8E66A4FEED" box="[342,426,295,319]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="43.[151,248,1605,1628]" captionTargetBox="[176,1407,200,1574]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[169,1417,193,1584]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 20. Pycnoderma talehsapensis (Fauvel, 1932) n. comb. A. Complete specimen (NTM- 18620), dorsal view. B. Same, anterior end, ventral view. C. Same, posterior end, lateral view. D. Another specimen (MZB- 58), anterior end, dorsal view. E. Same, anterior end, ventral view showing maculated branchiae and round palps. F. Another specimen (NTM- 18620), parapodium from chaetiger 13. G. Same, parapodium from chaetiger 33. H. Same, enlargement of neurochaetae. I. Same, articulation of the former neurochaetae. Scale bars: A: 1 mm, B: 0.33 mm, C: 0.6 mm, D, E: 0.2 mm, F, G: 80 µm, H: 40 µm, I: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277231/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
F). Neuropodia low rounded lobes, with some superior and inferior long capitate papillae. Noto- and neuropodia with 1–2 interramal papillae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B5A36AE4D1E2602FF16FEC66504FD56" blockId="44.[151,1437,151,1436]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
Median notochaetae arranged in a short transverse row, 4–5 per bundle, 1/3 as long as body width (posterior notochaetae about as long as body width); all notochaetae multiarticulated capillaries, articles medium-sized basally, shorter medially, longer distally (
<figureCitation id="C3DE2A2B4D1E2602FDB5FE1E65B4FE1D" box="[614,698,439,463]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="43.[151,248,1605,1628]" captionTargetBox="[176,1407,200,1574]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[169,1417,193,1584]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 20. Pycnoderma talehsapensis (Fauvel, 1932) n. comb. A. Complete specimen (NTM- 18620), dorsal view. B. Same, anterior end, ventral view. C. Same, posterior end, lateral view. D. Another specimen (MZB- 58), anterior end, dorsal view. E. Same, anterior end, ventral view showing maculated branchiae and round palps. F. Another specimen (NTM- 18620), parapodium from chaetiger 13. G. Same, parapodium from chaetiger 33. H. Same, enlargement of neurochaetae. I. Same, articulation of the former neurochaetae. Scale bars: A: 1 mm, B: 0.33 mm, C: 0.6 mm, D, E: 0.2 mm, F, G: 80 µm, H: 40 µm, I: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277231/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
F); posterior notochaetae with very long articles medially, becoming shorter towards tip (
<figureCitation id="C3DE2A2B4D1E2602FE78FE75650EFE26" box="[427,512,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="43.[151,248,1605,1628]" captionTargetBox="[176,1407,200,1574]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[169,1417,193,1584]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 20. Pycnoderma talehsapensis (Fauvel, 1932) n. comb. A. Complete specimen (NTM- 18620), dorsal view. B. Same, anterior end, ventral view. C. Same, posterior end, lateral view. D. Another specimen (MZB- 58), anterior end, dorsal view. E. Same, anterior end, ventral view showing maculated branchiae and round palps. F. Another specimen (NTM- 18620), parapodium from chaetiger 13. G. Same, parapodium from chaetiger 33. H. Same, enlargement of neurochaetae. I. Same, articulation of the former neurochaetae. Scale bars: A: 1 mm, B: 0.33 mm, C: 0.6 mm, D, E: 0.2 mm, F, G: 80 µm, H: 40 µm, I: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277231/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
G). Neurochaetae similar to notochaetae in anterior chaetigers, arranged in transverse row. Neurohooks from chaetiger 15, 4–5 per bundle, each with anchylosed articles basally, then with 1–2 long articles, blade long, lanceolate, aristate (
<figureCitation id="C3DE2A2B4D1E2602FD4FFD8D65FFFDEE" box="[668,753,548,572]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="43.[151,248,1605,1628]" captionTargetBox="[176,1407,200,1574]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[169,1417,193,1584]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 20. Pycnoderma talehsapensis (Fauvel, 1932) n. comb. A. Complete specimen (NTM- 18620), dorsal view. B. Same, anterior end, ventral view. C. Same, posterior end, lateral view. D. Another specimen (MZB- 58), anterior end, dorsal view. E. Same, anterior end, ventral view showing maculated branchiae and round palps. F. Another specimen (NTM- 18620), parapodium from chaetiger 13. G. Same, parapodium from chaetiger 33. H. Same, enlargement of neurochaetae. I. Same, articulation of the former neurochaetae. Scale bars: A: 1 mm, B: 0.33 mm, C: 0.6 mm, D, E: 0.2 mm, F, G: 80 µm, H: 40 µm, I: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277231/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
H). Parapodia in slide IRFA-R30 has dried partly; soft body parts darkened, few anterior chaetae visible: notochaetae with long articles, neurochaetae with long articles, distally tapering but tips not visible.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B5A36AE4D1E2602FF16FD2665DFFD1E" blockId="44.[151,1437,151,1436]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
Posterior end subdistally swollen (
<figureCitation id="C3DE2A2B4D1E2602FD96FD266596FD75" box="[581,664,655,679]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="43.[151,248,1605,1628]" captionTargetBox="[176,1407,200,1574]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[169,1417,193,1584]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 20. Pycnoderma talehsapensis (Fauvel, 1932) n. comb. A. Complete specimen (NTM- 18620), dorsal view. B. Same, anterior end, ventral view. C. Same, posterior end, lateral view. D. Another specimen (MZB- 58), anterior end, dorsal view. E. Same, anterior end, ventral view showing maculated branchiae and round palps. F. Another specimen (NTM- 18620), parapodium from chaetiger 13. G. Same, parapodium from chaetiger 33. H. Same, enlargement of neurochaetae. I. Same, articulation of the former neurochaetae. Scale bars: A: 1 mm, B: 0.33 mm, C: 0.6 mm, D, E: 0.2 mm, F, G: 80 µm, H: 40 µm, I: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/277231/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
C); pygidium regenerating, short truncated cone (slightly projected in other specimens), anus terminal, without anal cirri.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5B5A36AE4D1E2602FF16FD7E6296FC3E" blockId="44.[151,1437,151,1436]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1E2602FF16FD7E6637FD22" bold="true" box="[197,313,727,752]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Variation.</emphasis>
Complete specimens are shorter than the
<typeStatus id="845E880C4D1E2602FCCAFD716447FD22" box="[793,841,728,752]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">type</typeStatus>
materials; however, the cephalic cage length is conservative because in most specimens it was about as long as the length of the anterior end up to chaetiger 5(6). However, the number of neurochaetae seems to be size-dependent because the largest specimen (MZB-7) had about seven neurochaetae, whereas most other smaller specimens had only three or four, and the smallest specimen (ZRC-418) had only two. The fragility of neurochaetae might explain why Fauvel did not notice the remaining chaetal bases and described the species as lacking neurochaetae in chaetiger 1. Branchiae are banded and even if they are retracted, they can be seen by transparency of the body wall, as a sort of internal black dot. The start of neurohooks is difficult to determine precisely because they are brittle, but they appear to start around chaetiger 15.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13FF65254D1E2602FF16FC516610FB16" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="5B5A36AE4D1E2602FF16FC516610FB16" blockId="44.[151,1437,151,1436]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1E2602FF16FC516637FBC2" bold="true" box="[197,313,1016,1040]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="9CE54D2D4D1E2602FE92FC516410FBDD" authority="Fauvel, 1932" authorityName="Fauvel" authorityYear="1932" box="[321,798,1015,1040]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Pycnoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="talehsapensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1E2602FE92FC516560FBC2" box="[321,622,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Pycnoderma talehsapensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3F744B5F4D1E2602FDACFC5E641BFBDD" author="Fauvel" box="[639,789,1015,1039]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refString="Fauvel, P. (1932) Annelida Polychaeta of the Indian Museum, Calcutta. Memoirs of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, 12, 1 - 262." type="journal article" year="1932">Fauvel, 1932</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72A257C74D1E2602FCF5FC516483FBC2" box="[806,909,1016,1040]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1E2602FCF5FC516483FBC2" bold="true" box="[806,909,1016,1040]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">n. comb.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, differs from typical
<taxonomicName id="9CE54D2D4D1E2602FB50FC5163C7FBC2" box="[1155,1225,1016,1040]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Brada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1E2602FB50FC5163C7FBC2" box="[1155,1225,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Brada</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species by having neurochaetae with very long, not anchylosed, articles as is the case in
<taxonomicName id="9CE54D2D4D1E2602FC16FBB56305FBE6" box="[965,1035,1052,1076]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Brada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1E2602FC16FBB56305FBE6" box="[965,1035,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Brada</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="9CE54D2D4D1E2602FBCFFBB56244FBE6" box="[1052,1354,1052,1076]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Pycnoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="talehsapensis">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1E2602FBCFFBB56244FBE6" box="[1052,1354,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Pycnoderma talehsapensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="9CE54D2D4D1E2602FF07FBE8666DFB8A" box="[212,355,1088,1112]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Pycnoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="escobarae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1E2602FF07FBE8666DFB8A" box="[212,355,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">P. escobarae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72A257C74D1E2602FEB9FBE966A7FB8A" box="[362,425,1088,1112]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" rank="species">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1E2602FEB9FBE966A7FB8A" bold="true" box="[362,425,1088,1112]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="9CE54D2D4D1E2602FE0CFBE8657FFB8A" box="[479,625,1088,1112]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Pycnoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ferruginea">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1E2602FE0CFBE8657FFB8A" box="[479,625,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">P. ferruginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
especially in the relative length of the cephalic cage chaetae. Thus, they are shorter in
<taxonomicName id="9CE54D2D4D1E2602FEE4FBCC66E5FBAE" box="[311,491,1124,1148]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Pycnoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="talehsapensis">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1E2602FEE4FBCC66E5FBAE" box="[311,491,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">P. talehsapensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
while in both
<taxonomicName id="9CE54D2D4D1E2602FD40FBCC642DFBAE" box="[659,803,1124,1148]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Pycnoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="escobarae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1E2602FD40FBCC642DFBAE" box="[659,803,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">P. escobarae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="72A257C74D1E2602FCFFFBCD6463FBAE" box="[812,877,1124,1148]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" rank="species">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1E2602FCFFFBCD6463FBAE" bold="true" box="[812,877,1124,1148]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">n. sp.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="9CE54D2D4D1E2602FC74FBCC6334FBAE" box="[935,1082,1124,1148]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Pycnoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ferruginea">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1E2602FC74FBCC6334FBAE" box="[935,1082,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">P. ferruginea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
they are much longer. Further, branchial filaments in
<taxonomicName id="9CE54D2D4D1E2602FE41FB20654BFB72" box="[402,581,1160,1184]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Pycnoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="talehsapensis">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1E2602FE41FB20654BFB72" box="[402,581,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">P. talehsapensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are banded, whereas they are pale in
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1E2602FC39FB20638CFB72" box="[1002,1154,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName id="9CE54D2D4D1E2602FC39FB206370FB72" box="[1002,1150,1160,1184]" class="Polychaeta" family="Flabelligeridae" genus="Pycnoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Terebellida" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ferruginea">P. ferruginea</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and unknown in
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1E2602FA96FB2067D6FB16" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">P. es c o - barae</emphasis>
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1E2602FF0CFB056610FB16" bold="true" box="[223,286,1196,1220]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">n. sp.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="13FF65254D1E2602FF16FB666459FA4E" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="5B5A36AE4D1E2602FF16FB666459FA4E" blockId="44.[151,1437,151,1436]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="6991EABC4D1E2602FF16FB666650FB3A" bold="true" box="[197,350,1231,1256]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Distribution.</emphasis>
Originally described from the Songkla Lagoon,
<collectingCountry id="23F2763E4D1E2602FC42FB7964F9FB3A" box="[913,1015,1232,1256]" name="Thailand" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, these specimens come from several localities in
<collectingCountry id="23F2763E4D1E2602FEF3FB5D669EFADE" box="[288,400,1268,1292]" name="Indonesia" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, and the South
<collectingCountry id="23F2763E4D1E2602FDEEFB5D658EFADE" box="[573,640,1268,1292]" name="China" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">China</collectingCountry>
Sea, from shallow water soft bottoms (
<quantity id="9C1D9B4B4D1E2602FBE9FB5D63ADFADE" box="[1082,1187,1268,1292]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.8" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="64.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="58.0">58–70 m</quantity>
). The specimens from the Persian Gulf and from
<collectingCountry id="23F2763E4D1E2602FE1EFAB1655AFAE2" box="[461,596,1304,1328]" name="Madagascar" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
are regarded as members of the same species because they do not differ from the South
<collectingCountry id="23F2763E4D1E2602FE9EFA95669EFA86" box="[333,400,1340,1364]" name="China" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">China</collectingCountry>
Sea specimens. The deep-water records by
<bibRefCitation id="3F744B5F4D1E2602FC5DFA95636CFA86" author="Kirkegaard" box="[910,1122,1340,1364]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refString="Kirkegaard, J. B. (1996) Bathyal and abyssal polychaetes (sedentary species 1). Galathea Reports, 17, 57 - 77." type="journal article" year="1996">Kirkegaard (1996)</bibRefCitation>
, although coming from the same region, could belong to a different species. His materials were not found in the Copenhagen museum, and clarifying this issue requires the examination of his specimens.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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