299 lines
38 KiB
XML
299 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document id="2719B1D54D4A50685D52DE09FD30F659" ID-CLB-Dataset="3356" ID-DOI="10.35929/RSZ.0049" ID-GBIF-Dataset="172fa5c5-c0c4-4bd7-b710-d608237b8458" ID-ISSN="0035-418" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5639938" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1635892563566" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Schuchert, Peter & Collins, Richard" docDate="2021" docId="D0118A7C5B17000FFF17FBF4FB377EA7" docLanguage="en" docName="RevSuisseZool.128.2.237-356.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Revue suisse de Zoologie 128 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EA5207814960044D272DF5BE47DFF256.3:RevSuisseZool.2020-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="EA5207814960044D272DF5BE47DFF256" docStyleName="RevSuisseZool.2020-.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Proboscidactyla gemmifera" docType="treatment" docVersion="16" lastPageNumber="263" masterDocId="2C28F2045B0C0014FFCFFF96FFDB7820" masterDocTitle="Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream" masterLastPageNumber="356" masterPageNumber="237" pageNumber="263" updateTime="1728487074790" updateUser="guilherme" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="926DFCC28C939D315990C71D2EEBA216">Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EAAEC7869B6494E55A6830313FF896C9">Schuchert, Peter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4FA25B8235B8A1B4D60009A2BD3C0C3C">Muséum d’histoire naturelle, C. P. 6434, CH- 1211 Genève 6, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="96108CFCA525FA0C3178E6C7EFC70210">Collins, Richard</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="D0118A7C5B17000FFF17FBF4FB377EA7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5718499" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190510836" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5718499" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D0118A7C5B17000FFF17FBF4FB377EA7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D0118A7C5B17000FFF17FBF4FB377EA7" lastPageNumber="263" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">
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<subSubSection id="10A268E15B17000FFF17FBF4FD687C5A" box="[216,691,1122,1146]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="58073B6A5B17000FFF17FBF4FD687C5A" blockId="27.[216,691,1122,1178]" box="[216,691,1122,1146]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">
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<heading id="034F8C065B17000FFF17FBF4FD687C5A" bold="true" box="[216,691,1122,1146]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="9FB840E95B17000FFF17FBF4FD687C5A" ID-CoL="84CJ7" ID-ENA="2805955" authority="(Fewkes, 1882)" baseAuthorityName="Fewkes" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[216,691,1122,1146]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Proboscidactylidae" genus="Proboscidactyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gemmifera">
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<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFF17FBF4FD687C5A" bold="true" box="[216,691,1122,1146]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">
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<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFF17FBF4FDDF7C5A" bold="true" box="[216,516,1122,1146]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">Proboscidactyla gemmifera</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="3C29469B5B17000FFDDDFBF4FD777C5A" author="Fewkes J. W." bookContentInfo="pls 1 - 7." box="[530,684,1122,1146]" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Museum of comparative Zoology of Harvard College" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" pagination="251 - 289" part="9" refId="ref67772" refString="Fewkes J. W. 1882 a. Notes on acalephs from the Tortugas, with a description of new genera and species. In: Explorations of the surface fauna of the Gulf Stream, under the auspices of the U. S. Coast Survey, by Alexander Agassiz. Bulletin of the Museum of comparative Zoology of Harvard College 9 (7): 251 - 289, pls 1 - 7." title="Notes on acalephs from the Tortugas, with a description of new genera and species" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Explorations of the surface fauna of the Gulf Stream, under the auspices of the U. S. Coast Survey, by Alexander Agassiz" year="1882">Fewkes, 1882</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="10A268E15B17000FFE45FB14FDDA7CBA" box="[394,513,1154,1178]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" type="description">
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<paragraph id="58073B6A5B17000FFE45FB14FDDA7CBA" blockId="27.[216,691,1122,1178]" box="[394,513,1154,1178]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">
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<figureCitation id="C08327EF5B17000FFE45FB14FE087CBA" box="[394,467,1154,1178]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[151,186,1968,1990]" captionTargetBox="[175,1412,257,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-8@28.[175,1412,257,1922]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 15. Proboscidactyla gemmifera. Note that the usage of a flash brightens very much the exumbrellar nematocysts. (A) BFLA4338, diameter 3 mm. (B) Medusa photographed 24-JAN-2020, not collected, diameter 3 mm.(C) BFLA4285, lateral view, diameter 3 mm, arrows point to blastostyles (D) BFLA4285, oral view. (E) BFLA4321, aboral view. (F) BFLA4321, lateral view of bell margin, diameter 2.5 mm, note regular arrangement of exumbrellar nematocysts patches." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5639980" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5639980/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
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A-F
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="10A268E15B17000FFF58FB26FE0F7D1B" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" type="reference_group">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="78A81C445B17000FFF58FB26FE0F7D1B" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">
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<paragraph id="58073B6A5B17000FFF58FB26FD5D7CE5" blockId="27.[151,756,1200,1340]" box="[151,646,1200,1222]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">
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<treatmentCitation id="D9191D7B5B17000FFF58FB26FDDC7CE5" author="Fewkes J. W." box="[151,519,1200,1222]" page="300" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" year="1882">
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<taxonomicName id="9FB840E95B17000FFF58FB26FDDC7CE5" ID-CoL="7X7QC" authority="Fewkes, 1882 b: 300" authorityName="Fewkes" authorityPageNumber="300" authorityYear="1882" box="[151,519,1200,1222]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Proboscidactylidae" genus="Willia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gemmifera">
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<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFF58FB26FEE57CE5" box="[151,318,1200,1221]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">Willia gemmifera</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="3C29469B5B17000FFE8CFB26FDDC7CE5" author="Fewkes" box="[323,519,1200,1222]" firstAuthor="Fewkes" page="300" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" pagination="291 - 310" refId="ref67848" refString="Fewkes J. W. 1882 b. On the Acalephae of the East coast of New- England. Bulletin of the Museum of comparative Zoology of Harvard College 9 (8): 291 - 310, pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1882" yearSuffix="b">Fewkes, 1882b: 300</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 1 fig. 24.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="58073B6A5B17000FFF58FB5BFDA57CC3" blockId="27.[151,756,1200,1340]" box="[151,638,1229,1251]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">
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<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFF58FB5BFE737CC3" box="[151,424,1229,1251]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">
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||
<taxonomicName id="9FB840E95B17000FFF58FB5BFE7F7CC3" ID-CoL="84CJ7" baseAuthorityName="Fewkes" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[151,420,1229,1251]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Proboscidactylidae" genus="Proboscidactyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gemmifera">Proboscidactyla gemmifera</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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||
–
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||
<treatmentCitation id="D9191D7B5B17000FFE71FB58FDA17CC3" author="Browne E. T." box="[446,634,1229,1251]" page="727" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" year="1905">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="3C29469B5B17000FFE71FB58FDA17CC3" author="Browne" box="[446,634,1229,1251]" firstAuthor="Browne" page="727" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" pagination="722 - 749" refId="ref66602" refString="Browne E. T. 1905. Hydromedusae with a revision of the Williadae and Petasidae. Fauna and geography Maldives and Laccadives Archipelagoes 2 (3): 722 - 749, pls 54 - 57." type="journal article" year="1905">Browne, 1905: 727</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="58073B6A5B17000FFF58FB7AFD687D20" blockId="27.[151,756,1200,1340]" box="[151,691,1259,1281]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">
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<taxonomicName id="9FB840E95B17000FFF58FB7AFEAC7D20" authority="(Fewkes, 1882)" box="[151,375,1259,1281]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Proboscidactylidae" genus="Dyscannota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gemmifera">
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<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFF58FB7AFEAC7D20" box="[151,375,1259,1281]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">Dyscannota gemmifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. –
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<treatmentCitation id="D9191D7B5B17000FFE5BFB7DFDEE7D20" author="Mayer A. G." box="[404,565,1259,1280]" page="47" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" year="1900">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="3C29469B5B17000FFE5BFB7DFDEE7D20" author="Mayer" box="[404,565,1259,1280]" firstAuthor="Mayer" page="47" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" pagination="13 - 82" refId="ref71587" refString="Mayer A. G. 1900. Some medusae from the Tortugas, Florida. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology of Harvard 37 (2): 13 - 82, pls 1 - 44." type="journal article" year="1900">Mayer, 1900: 47</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, pl. 8 fig. 17.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="58073B6A5B17000FFF58FA9EFE0F7D1B" blockId="27.[151,756,1200,1340]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">
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||
<taxonomicName id="9FB840E95B17000FFF58FA9EFDC77D3D" ID-CoL="84CJ7" authority="(Fewkes, 1882)" box="[151,540,1288,1310]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Proboscidactylidae" genus="Proboscidactyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="variety" species="ornata" variety="gemmifera">
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<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFF58FA9EFEA67D3E" box="[151,381,1288,1310]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">Proboscidactyla ornata</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFE7DFA9EFDC77D3D" box="[434,540,1288,1309]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">gemmifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFDD3FA9EFDEF7D3E" box="[540,564,1288,1310]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">. –</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="D9191D7B5B17000FFDF2FA9FFD2B7D3D" author="Mayer A. G." box="[573,752,1288,1310]" page="192" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" year="1910">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="3C29469B5B17000FFDF2FA9FFD2B7D3D" author="Mayer" box="[573,752,1288,1310]" firstAuthor="Mayer" page="192" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref71665" refString="Mayer A. G. 1910. Medusae of the world. Hydromedusae, Vols. I & II. Scyphomedusae, Vol III. Carnegie Institution, Washington, pp. 735, plates 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1910">Mayer, 1910: 192</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 101a, pl. 21, figs 1-3.
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</paragraph>
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="10A268E15B17000FFF58FAC5FEF27EEB" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="58073B6A5B17000FFF58FAC5FEF27EEB" blockId="27.[151,756,1363,1739]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">
|
||
<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFF58FAC5FEA27D4B" bold="true" box="[151,377,1363,1387]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">Material examined:</emphasis>
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||
<materialsCitation id="E8D031375B17000FFE4FFAC5FEC77DEB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3410574420" accessionNumber="MW528699" collectingDate="2019-12-06" collectionCode="BFLA" isTailEnumeration="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" specimenCode="BFLA4285" specimenCount="1">
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||
<specimenCode id="081E93115B17000FFE4FFAC5FE267D4B" box="[384,509,1363,1387]" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">BFLA4285</specimenCode>
|
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;
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||
<specimenCount id="4EBEF0E35B17000FFDC6FAC5FD5D7D4B" box="[521,646,1363,1387]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate id="3C42E4425B17000FFD5DFAC5FF0B7DAB" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" value="2019-12-06">
|
||
<date id="2C061DAA5B17000FFD5DFAC5FF0B7DAB" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" value="2019-12-06">06-DEC- 2019</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
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||
; size
|
||
<quantity id="9F40968F5B17000FFED2FAE5FEBD7DAA" box="[285,358,1395,1419]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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||
, 19 tentacles, with medusa buds; preserved in alcohol for DNA extraction; 16S sequence
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||
<accessionNumber id="47EBA6895B17000FFF58FA25FEC77DEB" box="[151,284,1459,1483]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MW528699" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">MW528699</accessionNumber>
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</materialsCitation>
|
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.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E8D031375B17000FFEE6FA25FE9A7E0B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3410574442" accessionNumber="MW528699" collectingDate="2020-01-24" collectionCode="BFLA" isTailEnumeration="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" specimenCode="BFLA4321" specimenCount="1">
|
||
–
|
||
<specimenCode id="081E93115B17000FFE8FFA25FE657DEB" box="[320,446,1459,1483]" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">BFLA4321</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="4EBEF0E35B17000FFE03FA25FD907DEB" box="[460,587,1459,1483]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate id="3C42E4425B17000FFD96FA25FD2B7DEB" box="[601,752,1459,1483]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" value="2020-01-24">
|
||
<date id="2C061DAA5B17000FFD96FA25FD2B7DEB" box="[601,752,1459,1483]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" value="2020-01-24">24-JAN-2020</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
; size
|
||
<quantity id="9F40968F5B17000FFF06FA45FEC57DCA" box="[201,286,1491,1515]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
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||
, 17 tentacles, with medusa buds; preserved in alcohol for DNA extraction; 16S sequence identical to
|
||
<accessionNumber id="47EBA6895B17000FFF74F985FE9A7E0B" box="[187,321,1555,1579]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MW528699" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">MW528699</accessionNumber>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
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.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E8D031375B17000FFE9DF982FE7E7EAB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3410574528" accessionNumber="MW528699" collectingDate="2020-02-07" collectionCode="BFLA" isTailEnumeration="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" specimenCode="BFLA4338" specimenCount="1">
|
||
–
|
||
<specimenCode id="081E93115B17000FFEA1F985FE377E0B" box="[366,492,1555,1579]" collectionCode="BFLA" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">BFLA4338</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="4EBEF0E35B17000FFE31F985FD587E0B" box="[510,643,1555,1579]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectingDate id="3C42E4425B17000FFD59F985FF0B7E6B" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" value="2020-02-07">
|
||
<date id="2C061DAA5B17000FFD59F985FF0B7E6B" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" value="2020-02-07">07-FEB- 2020</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
; size
|
||
<quantity id="9F40968F5B17000FFED2F9A5FEBD7E6B" box="[285,358,1587,1611]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, 18 tentacles, with medusa buds; preserved in alcohol for DNA extraction; 16S sequence identical to
|
||
<accessionNumber id="47EBA6895B17000FFEEEF9E5FE7E7EAB" box="[289,421,1651,1675]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MW528699" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">MW528699</accessionNumber>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E8D031375B17000FFE7AF9E2FEF27EEB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3410574517" collectingDate="2020-01-24" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" specimenCount="1">
|
||
–
|
||
<date id="2C061DAA5B17000FFE01F9E5FDBE7EAB" box="[462,613,1651,1675]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" value="2020-01-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="3C42E4425B17000FFE01F9E5FDBE7EAB" box="[462,613,1651,1675]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" value="2020-01-24">24-JAN-2020</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCount id="4EBEF0E35B17000FFDBAF9E5FD2F7EAB" box="[629,756,1651,1675]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
photographed, not collected;
|
||
<quantity id="9F40968F5B17000FFE13F905FDFB7E8B" box="[476,544,1683,1707]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, 14 tentacles, with medusa buds.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="10A268E15B17000FFF58F974FBC3791A" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="58073B6A5B17000FFF58F974FBC3791A" blockId="27.[151,756,1762,2077]" lastBlockId="27.[832,1436,257,314]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">
|
||
<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFF58F974FEF57EDA" bold="true" box="[151,302,1762,1786]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">Observation:</emphasis>
|
||
Medusae as described for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FB840E95B17000FFDAEF975FD1C7EDA" baseAuthorityName="McCrady" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[609,711,1763,1786]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Proboscidactylidae" genus="Proboscidactyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ornata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFDAEF975FD1C7EDA" box="[609,711,1763,1786]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">P. ornata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but somewhat smaller, 2.5-3 mm, though none of them appear sexually mature, tentacle numbers 14-19, more nematocyst patches on exumbrella, these often quite irregular and some not in linear arrays, no dark pigment in gastrodermis of tentacle bulbs. The most notable difference is the presence of four blastostyles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C08327EF5B17000FFD43F835FD377F9B" box="[652,748,1955,1979]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[151,186,1968,1990]" captionTargetBox="[175,1412,257,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-8@28.[175,1412,257,1922]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 15. Proboscidactyla gemmifera. Note that the usage of a flash brightens very much the exumbrellar nematocysts. (A) BFLA4338, diameter 3 mm. (B) Medusa photographed 24-JAN-2020, not collected, diameter 3 mm.(C) BFLA4285, lateral view, diameter 3 mm, arrows point to blastostyles (D) BFLA4285, oral view. (E) BFLA4321, aboral view. (F) BFLA4321, lateral view of bell margin, diameter 2.5 mm, note regular arrangement of exumbrellar nematocysts patches." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5639980" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5639980/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">Fig. 15C</figureCitation>
|
||
) at each of the proximal-most branching points of the radial canals. Blastostyle resembling a polyp with one short capitate tentacle (visible in
|
||
<figureCitation id="C08327EF5B17000FFD93F793FD37703D" box="[604,748,2053,2077]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[151,186,1968,1990]" captionTargetBox="[175,1412,257,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-8@28.[175,1412,257,1922]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 15. Proboscidactyla gemmifera. Note that the usage of a flash brightens very much the exumbrellar nematocysts. (A) BFLA4338, diameter 3 mm. (B) Medusa photographed 24-JAN-2020, not collected, diameter 3 mm.(C) BFLA4285, lateral view, diameter 3 mm, arrows point to blastostyles (D) BFLA4285, oral view. (E) BFLA4321, aboral view. (F) BFLA4321, lateral view of bell margin, diameter 2.5 mm, note regular arrangement of exumbrellar nematocysts patches." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5639980" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5639980/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">Fig. 15A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
) and bearing one to several medusa buds of different development stages.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="10A268E15B17000FFC8FFEC6FB637949" box="[832,1208,336,361]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="58073B6A5B17000FFC8FFEC6FB637949" blockId="27.[832,1208,336,361]" box="[832,1208,336,361]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">
|
||
<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFC8FFEC6FC747949" bold="true" box="[832,943,336,361]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">16S Data:</emphasis>
|
||
See
|
||
<tableCitation id="153A0ED15B17000FFC2CFEC7FBEA7949" box="[995,1073,337,361]" captionStart="Table 1. 16" captionStartId="4.[151,204,770,792]" captionTargetId="graphics-269@4.[151,1437,854,2063]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Table 1. 16S haplotype p-distances (% base pair differences in aligned sequence pairs) and number of haplotypes observed in the examined material. Only the species for which such a comparison was possible are listed." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/0CC76BE25B080010FF58FC94FB897B14" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" tableUuid="0CC76BE25B080010FF58FC94FB897B14">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<figureCitation id="C08327EF5B17000FFBAAFEC7FB6F7949" box="[1125,1204,337,361]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[151,186,1147,1169]" captionTargetBox="[224,1329,261,1078]" captionTargetId="graphics-326@29.[224,1078,282,1040]" captionText="Fig. 16. 16S maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of Proboscidactylidae and related taxa obtained with PhyML (GTR+G model) and based on about 600 bp positions of the mitochondrial 16S gene. Node-support values are bootstrap values of 100 pseudoreplicates (shown only if> 70%).All sequence labels start with the GenBank numbers permitting the retrieval of more information. Red labels are new sequences from this study. All samples are based on medusae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5646496" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5646496/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="10A268E15B17000FFC8FFE16FB9E79D8" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="58073B6A5B17000FFC8FFE16FB9E79D8" blockId="27.[832,1436,384,504]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">
|
||
<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFC8FFE16FC0C79B8" bold="true" box="[832,983,384,408]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||
NE Atlantic from Cape Hatteras to
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9A7CF5885B17000FFC8FFE36FC4A7998" box="[832,913,416,440]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
, likely more widely spread but identifications are unreliable (see
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FB840E95B17000FFBC5FE57FBB079F8" baseAuthorityName="McCrady" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[1034,1131,449,472]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Proboscidactylidae" genus="Proboscidactyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ornata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFBC5FE57FBB079F8" box="[1034,1131,449,472]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">P. ornata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<typeStatus id="870385C85B17000FFB4EFE56FB6D79F8" box="[1153,1206,448,472]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality:
|
||
<collectingCountry id="20AF7BFA5B17000FFAD4FE56FA8879F8" box="[1307,1363,448,472]" name="United States of America" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9A7CF5885B17000FFA91FE56FC4479D8" country="United States of America" name="North Carolina" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">North Carolina</collectingRegion>
|
||
, Beaufort Inlet.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="10A268E15B17000FFC8FFD99FB377EA7" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="58073B6A5B17000FFC8FFD99FAD67AC7" blockId="27.[832,1437,527,1672]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">
|
||
<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFC8FFD99FC6A7A07" bold="true" box="[832,945,527,551]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">Remarks:</emphasis>
|
||
Although the three samples used to obtain 16S sequence data were collected at different dates they all proved to be identical and clearly distinct from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FB840E95B17000FFCB2FDE6FC3A7AA7" baseAuthorityName="McCrady" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[893,993,624,647]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Proboscidactylidae" genus="Proboscidactyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ornata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFCB2FDE6FC3A7AA7" box="[893,993,624,647]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">P. ornata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C08327EF5B17000FFC3CFDF9FB9E7AA7" box="[1011,1093,623,647]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="29.[151,186,1147,1169]" captionTargetBox="[224,1329,261,1078]" captionTargetId="graphics-326@29.[224,1078,282,1040]" captionText="Fig. 16. 16S maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of Proboscidactylidae and related taxa obtained with PhyML (GTR+G model) and based on about 600 bp positions of the mitochondrial 16S gene. Node-support values are bootstrap values of 100 pseudoreplicates (shown only if> 70%).All sequence labels start with the GenBank numbers permitting the retrieval of more information. Red labels are new sequences from this study. All samples are based on medusae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5646496" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5646496/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
). This clade seems to be about equally distant from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FB840E95B17000FFBE8FD06FB577A87" baseAuthorityName="McCrady" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[1063,1164,656,679]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Proboscidactylidae" genus="Proboscidactyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ornata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFBE8FD06FB577A87" box="[1063,1164,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">P. ornata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as it is from the Pacific
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FB840E95B17000FFC8FFD26FBB07AE7" authority="Brandt, 1835" authorityName="Brandt" authorityYear="1835" box="[832,1131,687,711]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Proboscidactylidae" genus="Proboscidactyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="flavicirrata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFC8FFD26FC087AE7" box="[832,979,687,711]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">P. flavicirrata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3C29469B5B17000FFC14FD39FBB07AE7" author="Brandt" box="[987,1131,687,711]" firstAuthor="Brandt" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" pagination="201 - 275" refId="ref66169" refString="Brandt J. F. 1834 - 1835. Prodromus descriptionis animalium ab H. Mertensio in orbis terrarum circumnavigatione observatorum. Fascic. I., Polypos, Acalephas Discophoras et Siphonophoras, nec non Echinodermata continens / auctore, Johanne Friderico Brandt. Recueil des Actes des seances publiques de l'Academie imperiale des Sciences de St. Petersbourg 1834: 201 - 275." type="journal article" year="1835">Brandt, 1835</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This evident barcoding gap argues for it representing a distinct species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="58073B6A5B17000FFC8FFD79FAB17B47" blockId="27.[832,1437,527,1672]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">
|
||
The observed morphological differences to the sympatric
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FB840E95B17000FFC8FFC86FC777B07" baseAuthorityName="McCrady" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[832,940,784,807]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Proboscidactylidae" genus="Proboscidactyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ornata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFC8FFC86FC777B07" box="[832,940,784,807]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">P. ornata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are listed above. It must be noted that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FB840E95B17000FFC8FFCA6FC117B67" box="[832,970,815,839]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Proboscidactylidae" genus="Dyscannota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gemmifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFC8FFCA6FC117B67" box="[832,970,815,839]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">P. gemmifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were found during the winter months, while the mature
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FB840E95B17000FFC77FCC6FBC27B47" baseAuthorityName="McCrady" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[952,1049,848,871]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Proboscidactylidae" genus="Proboscidactyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ornata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFC77FCC6FBC27B47" box="[952,1049,848,871]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">P. ornata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were seen from March to June.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="58073B6A5B17000FFC8FFCF9FC647D48" blockId="27.[832,1437,527,1672]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FB840E95B17000FFC8FFCF9FBB77BA7" baseAuthorityName="Fewkes" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[832,1132,879,903]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Proboscidactylidae" genus="Proboscidactyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gemmifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFC8FFCF9FBB77BA7" box="[832,1132,879,903]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">Proboscidactyla gemmifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described based on a single medusa which was probably not fully developed as it had only eight tentacles (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3C29469B5B17000FFB54FC39FAEE7BE8" author="Brooks" box="[1179,1333,943,968]" firstAuthor="Brooks" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" pagination="670 - 671" refId="ref66453" refString="Brooks W. K. 1880. Budding in free Medusae. American Naturalist 14: 670 - 671." type="journal article" year="1880">Brooks, 1880</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3C29469B5B17000FFA8BFC39FC5D7BC7" author="Fewkes" firstAuthor="Fewkes" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" pagination="291 - 310" refId="ref67848" refString="Fewkes J. W. 1882 b. On the Acalephae of the East coast of New- England. Bulletin of the Museum of comparative Zoology of Harvard College 9 (8): 291 - 310, pl. 1." type="journal article" year="1882" yearSuffix="b">Fewkes, 1882b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3C29469B5B17000FFC51FC46FBEB7BC8" author="Mayer" box="[926,1072,976,1000]" firstAuthor="Mayer" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" pagination="13 - 82" refId="ref71587" refString="Mayer A. G. 1900. Some medusae from the Tortugas, Florida. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology of Harvard 37 (2): 13 - 82, pls 1 - 44." type="journal article" year="1900">Mayer (1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3C29469B5B17000FFB8FFC46FBAC7BC8" author="Mayer" box="[1088,1143,976,1000]" firstAuthor="Mayer" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" pagination="1 - 76" refId="ref71665" refString="Mayer A. G. 1910. Medusae of the world. Hydromedusae, Vols. I & II. Scyphomedusae, Vol III. Carnegie Institution, Washington, pp. 735, plates 1 - 76." type="journal article" year="1910">1910</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) later supplemented more detailed descriptions of more advanced specimens from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="9A7CF5885B17000FFCB2FB99FC157C07" box="[893,974,1039,1063]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">Florida</collectingRegion>
|
||
. These descriptions do not agree with our specimens concerning the position of the blastostyles. Fewkes and Mayer found them at the junction of the radial canal to the manubrium, while in our samples they were located at the first bifurcation of the radial canals (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C08327EF5B17000FFC88FB26FC707CE7" box="[839,939,1199,1224]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[151,186,1968,1990]" captionTargetBox="[175,1412,257,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-8@28.[175,1412,257,1922]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 15. Proboscidactyla gemmifera. Note that the usage of a flash brightens very much the exumbrellar nematocysts. (A) BFLA4338, diameter 3 mm. (B) Medusa photographed 24-JAN-2020, not collected, diameter 3 mm.(C) BFLA4285, lateral view, diameter 3 mm, arrows point to blastostyles (D) BFLA4285, oral view. (E) BFLA4321, aboral view. (F) BFLA4321, lateral view of bell margin, diameter 2.5 mm, note regular arrangement of exumbrellar nematocysts patches." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5639980" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5639980/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">Fig. 15A</figureCitation>
|
||
). This is not necessary a significant difference.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3C29469B5B17000FFC8FFB46FC027CC7" author="Kramp" box="[832,985,1231,1255]" firstAuthor="Kramp" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" pagination="1 - 128" refId="ref69791" refString="Kramp P. L. 1957. Hydromedusae from the Discovery collections. Discovery Reports 29: 1 - 128." type="journal article" year="1957">Kramp (1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3C29469B5B17000FFC24FB46FBF97CC8" author="Kramp" box="[1003,1058,1232,1256]" firstAuthor="Kramp" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" pagination="305 - 366" refId="ref69901" refString="Kramp P. L. 1962. Medusae of Vietnam. Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening i KObenhavn 124: 305 - 366." type="journal article" year="1962">1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) found the blastostyles in every possible position along the radial canals, this in various populations from the Pacifc (identified as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FB840E95B17000FFAEAFA86FA567D07" baseAuthorityName="McCrady" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[1317,1421,1296,1319]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Proboscidactylidae" genus="Proboscidactyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ornata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFAEAFA86FA567D07" box="[1317,1421,1296,1319]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">P. ornata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). He regarded this variation as without any systematic importance.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="58073B6A5B17000FFC8FFAE6FA9E7E68" blockId="27.[832,1437,527,1672]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3C29469B5B17000FFC8FFAE6FBBF7DA8" author="Uchida & Sugiura" box="[832,1124,1392,1416]" firstAuthor="Uchida" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" pagination="347 - 354" refId="ref75734" refString="Uchida T., Sugiura Y. 1975. On the formation of medusa buds in Proboscidactyla ornata. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory 22 (5): 347 - 354." type="journal article" year="1975">Uchida & Sugiura (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
examined the medusa bud development in a Japanese form of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FB840E95B17000FFB0BFA07FAFC7D88" baseAuthorityName="McCrady" baseAuthorityYear="1859" box="[1220,1319,1425,1448]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Proboscidactylidae" genus="Proboscidactyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ornata">
|
||
<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFB0BFA07FAFC7D88" box="[1220,1319,1425,1448]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">P. ornata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and found that the position of the blastostyles is variable, depending on the developmental age (size) of the medusa. Smaller ones had them at the corners of the stomach, larger ones at the branching points. They also found that sexually mature medusae can continue budding medusae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="58073B6A5B17000FFC8FF9C6FB377EA7" blockId="27.[832,1437,527,1672]" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">
|
||
Although with some hesitation, we therefore referred our medusae to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9FB840E95B17000FFC70F9E6FB3E7EA8" baseAuthorityName="Fewkes" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[959,1253,1648,1672]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Proboscidactylidae" genus="Proboscidactyla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="263" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gemmifera">
|
||
<emphasis id="6ACCE7785B17000FFC70F9E6FB3E7EA8" box="[959,1253,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="263">Proboscidactyla gemmifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |