350 lines
36 KiB
XML
350 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="4A64559B030E77EB9A6D85CA833EDF35" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.437.2.4" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13873878" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1727815621804" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Thomas, Daniel C. & Ardi, Wisnu H." docDate="2020" docId="BC25F3022011FFDEFF15FF2BE40394BE" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.437.2.4.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 437 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.437.2.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Begonia robusta Blume 1827" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="91" masterDocId="401C8B7A2003FFCCFF9DFFB5E012921F" masterDocTitle="Synopsis of Begonia (Begoniaceae) of southwest Sulawesi and the Selayar Islands, Indonesia, including one new species" masterLastPageNumber="96" masterPageNumber="73" pageNumber="91" updateTime="1727817875856" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:mods id="01A5DF7213F0234975AE3F4E62BE703D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F22D359463667EC3629E193050E748FB">
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<mods:title id="5EE075C977EC65138E4A048D38D25A88">Synopsis of Begonia (Begoniaceae) of southwest Sulawesi and the Selayar Islands, Indonesia, including one new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="FD397ED6373B66C6A2E4A98FCE4B6D35" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="1A1D351F6E6C357DFE9D964D27202B04">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="9656277E0AC293E0B052B3146D5F962E">Thomas, Daniel C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="14729AE71BEE13560CD58D1DDCAD4EE2" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5A0D48AA646CF44FAC9A44F89FB0CBF6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="30D75D34A3AF26C80AC5E1614D33DB94">Ardi, Wisnu H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8404F6B2A052FA3055531EC2AFE4343F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="5C677E4B52391D5B6C1B80A77238CC8E">
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<mods:title id="8AF8A1CA638B4CE9569CCC9685F31415">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="19D1D76CD2B9E932E72201292E96D95A">
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<mods:date id="2F4DF0580D99AFC595496D3DC44F7C7E">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="C9A917DBD2A0590AC80EB6EB26640162" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="330CAF4FE7E616A34A2DF410DF9920BE">2020-03-25</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="2239B8BD148522BD366642217494E326" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="F175EF3C5D1FCC9D8C5D8522C9407BD1">437</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="3579A79EFECCFBC542FD64C3686B3A37" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="A67DB6F525B11887999FB5F2DF3072EE">2</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="BDADE7EEE702A5F19D5C3E694BDD3154" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="A1A5FB2A98389E4B543D2704B6635CE8">73</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="FCB8C9EE37A7D0AEC44080E2C693BE61">96</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location id="2019E5F13CDA135C185CF8ADF29BF9F0">
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<mods:url id="6740FC14D1511BE27A05327A4E9B252E">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.437.2.4</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="270E53432480333AD1D0501DBC3E18A9">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="9490FBE3483DC95D862ED2F857AFFE17" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.437.2.4</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F768A76DC4F321107B80618CA554E58F" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2C3BAB35DF40E9D90CDCF84F322B5D70" type="Zenodo-Dep">13873878</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="BC25F3022011FFDEFF15FF2BE40394BE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BC25F3022011FFDEFF15FF2BE40394BE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BC25F3022011FFDEFF15FF2BE40394BE" lastPageNumber="91" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
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<subSubSection id="7C96119F2011FFDEFF15FF2BE27192A7" box="[136,611,158,185]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="343342142011FFDEFF15FF2BE27192A7" blockId="18.[136,611,158,220]" box="[136,611,158,185]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
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<heading id="6F7BF5782011FFDEFF15FF2BE27192A7" box="[136,611,158,185]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFF15FF2BE0B992A7" bold="true" box="[136,171,158,184]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">12.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="F38C39972011FFDEFF2FFF2BE27192A7" ID-CoL="87Z6N" authority="Blume (1827: 96)" authorityName="Blume" authorityPageNumber="96" authorityYear="1827" box="[178,611,158,185]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robusta">
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<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFF2FFF2BE18692A6" bold="true" box="[178,404,158,185]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Begonia cf. robusta</emphasis>
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Blume (1827: 96)
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7C96119F2011FFDEFF15FF77E14F92C3" box="[136,349,194,220]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" type="description">
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<paragraph id="343342142011FFDEFF15FF77E14F92C3" blockId="18.[136,611,158,220]" box="[136,349,194,220]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
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Sect.
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<taxonomicName id="F38C39972011FFDEFF5BFF77E14F92C3" authorityName="de Candolle" authorityYear="1859" baseAuthorityName="Klotzsch" box="[198,349,194,220]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Platycentrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFF5BFF77E14F92C3" box="[198,349,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Platycentrum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7C96119F2011FFDEFF15FEBBE3A093AB" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="343342142011FFDEFF15FEBBE29D933B" blockId="18.[136,946,270,436]" box="[136,655,270,292]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="149C653A2011FFDEFF15FEBBE29D933B" box="[136,655,270,292]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
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≡
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<treatmentCitation id="B52D64052011FFDEFF0BFEBBE29D933B" author="Miquel, F. A. W." box="[150,655,270,292]" page=")" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" year="1856">
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<taxonomicName id="F38C39972011FFDEFF0BFEBBE29D933B" ID-CoL="7XY6X" authority="(Blume) Miquel (1856: 694)" authorityName="Miquel" authorityPageNumber="694" authorityYear="1856" baseAuthorityName="Blume" box="[150,655,270,292]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Platycentrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robustum">
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<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFF0BFEBBE165933C" box="[150,375,270,291]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Platycentrum robustum</emphasis>
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(Blume)
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<bibRefCitation id="501D3FE52011FFDEFE4EFEBBE29D933B" author="Miquel, F. A. W." box="[467,655,270,292]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" refId="ref19603" refString="Miquel, F. A. W. (1856) Flora van Nederlandsch Indie, vol. 1. C. G. van der Post, Amsterdam, 1154 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 93" type="book" year="1856">Miquel (1856: 694)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="343342142011FFDEFF15FE87E3459357" blockId="18.[136,946,270,436]" box="[136,855,306,328]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
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≡
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<taxonomicName id="F38C39972011FFDEFF0BFE87E2989357" ID-CoL="7TFNP" authority="(Blume) de Candolle (1864: 275)" authorityName="de Candolle" authorityPageNumber="275" authorityYear="1864" baseAuthorityName="Blume" box="[150,650,306,328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Casparya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robusta">
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<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFF0BFE87E1539358" box="[150,321,306,327]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Casparya robusta</emphasis>
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(Blume) de Candolle (1864: 275)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFD0EFE87E2F79358" bold="true" box="[659,741,306,327]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
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<typeStatus id="EB37FCB62011FFDEFD0EFE87E2DA9358" box="[659,712,306,327]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Type</typeStatus>
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:—
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</emphasis>
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not located.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="343342142011FFDEFF15FEE3E2AF9373" blockId="18.[136,946,270,436]" box="[136,701,342,364]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="149C653A2011FFDEFF15FEE3E2AF9373" box="[136,701,342,364]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
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=
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<treatmentCitation id="B52D64052011FFDEFF0BFEE3E1E29374" author="Koch, K." box="[150,496,342,364]" page=")" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" year="1857">
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<taxonomicName id="F38C39972011FFDEFF0BFEE3E1E29374" ID-CoL="7SHKV" authority="Koch (1857: 74)" authorityName="Koch" authorityPageNumber="74" authorityYear="1857" box="[150,496,342,364]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="splendida">
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<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFF0BFEE3E15B9374" box="[150,329,342,363]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Begonia splendida</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="501D3FE52011FFDEFED2FEE3E1E29374" author="Koch, K." box="[335,496,342,364]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" pagination="73 - 76" refId="ref19306" refString="Koch, K. (1857) Drei neue Schiefblatter oder Begonien. Berliner Allgemeine Gartenzeitung 1857 (10): 73 - 76." type="journal article" year="1857">Koch (1857: 74)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFE67FEE3E2599374" bold="true" box="[506,587,342,363]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
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<typeStatus id="EB37FCB62011FFDEFE67FEE3E23D9374" box="[506,559,342,363]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Type</typeStatus>
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:—
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</emphasis>
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not located.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="343342142011FFDEFF15FECFE37C938F" blockId="18.[136,946,270,436]" box="[136,878,378,400]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="149C653A2011FFDEFF15FECFE37C938F" box="[136,878,378,400]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
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=
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<treatmentCitation id="B52D64052011FFDEFF0BFECFE2B39390" author="Klotzsch, F." box="[150,673,378,400]" page=")" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" year="1857">
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<taxonomicName id="F38C39972011FFDEFF0BFECFE2B39390" ID-CoL="7Y8YM" authority="Hassk. ex Klotzsch (1857: 182)" authorityName="Klotzsch" authorityPageNumber="182" authorityYear="1857" box="[150,673,378,400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Sphenanthera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robusta">
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<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFF0BFECFE17B9390" box="[150,361,378,399]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Sphenanthera robusta</emphasis>
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Hassk. ex
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<bibRefCitation id="501D3FE52011FFDEFE4EFECFE2B39390" author="Klotzsch, F." box="[467,673,378,400]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" pagination="177 - 182" refId="ref19283" refString="Klotzsch, F. (1857) Ueber die Begoniaceen-Gattung Platycentrum. Botanische Zeitung (Berlin) 15: 177 - 182." type="journal article" year="1857">Klotzsch (1857: 182)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFD36FECFE2EF9390" bold="true" box="[683,765,378,399]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
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<typeStatus id="EB37FCB62011FFDEFD36FECFE2F29390" box="[683,736,378,399]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Type</typeStatus>
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:—
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</emphasis>
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not located.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="343342142011FFDEFF15FE2BE3A093AB" blockId="18.[136,946,270,436]" box="[136,946,414,436]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">See Hughes (2008: 54) for more comprehensive synonymy and additional literature.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7C96119F2011FFDEFF15FE57E1DB9077" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" type="description">
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<paragraph id="343342142011FFDEFF15FE57E2C9903F" blockId="18.[136,1452,482,1697]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
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<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFF15FE57E1B893E3" bold="true" box="[136,426,482,508]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Additional literature:—</emphasis>
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Doorenbos (1980: 213);
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<bibRefCitation id="501D3FE52011FFDEFD53FE57E3BE93E3" author="Tebbitt, M. C." box="[718,940,482,509]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" refId="ref19953" refString="Tebbitt, M. C. (2005) Begonias: cultivation, identification and natural history. Timber Press, Oregon." type="book" year="2005">Tebbitt (2005: 204</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 163) [photo plate]; Hughes (2008: 54) [synonymy];
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<bibRefCitation id="501D3FE52011FFDEFE83FDB3E1E7903F" author="Thomas, D. C. & Ardi, W. H. & Hughes, M." box="[286,501,518,544]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" pagination="225 - 255" refId="ref20207" refString="Thomas, D. C., Ardi, W. H. & Hughes, M. (2011) Nine new species of Begonia (Begoniaceae) from South and West Sulawesi, Indonesia. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 68: 225 - 255. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0960428611000072" type="journal article" year="2011">
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Thomas
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<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFEE2FDB2E1A5903F" box="[383,439,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">et al.</emphasis>
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2011
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</bibRefCitation>
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[identification key].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="343342142011FFDEFF20FD9FE1DB9077" blockId="18.[136,1452,482,1697]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
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<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFF20FD9FE12C905B" bold="true" box="[189,318,554,580]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Habitat:—</emphasis>
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In
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<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFEC6FD9FE1D2905B" box="[347,448,554,580]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
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collected in primary upland to montane forests; on riverbanks and small islands in streams; at
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<quantity id="F374EFF12011FFDEFF3EFDFBE1469076" box="[163,340,590,617]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9649999999999999" metricValueMax="2.53" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" unit="m" value="1965.0" valueMax="2530.0" valueMin="1400.0">1400 to 2530 m</quantity>
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elevation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7C96119F2011FFDEFF20FDC7E40394BE" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="343342142011FFDEFF20FDC7E35290AF" blockId="18.[136,1452,482,1697]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
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<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFF20FDC7E15D9093" bold="true" box="[189,335,626,652]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Distribution</emphasis>
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:
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<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFECAFDC7E1619093" bold="true" box="[343,371,626,652]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">—</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="4C9B02842011FFDEFEEEFDC7E1F69093" box="[371,484,626,652]" name="Indonesia" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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:
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<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFE73FDC6E2309092" box="[494,546,627,653]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Java</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFDB1FDC7E24F9093" box="[556,605,626,652]" country="Indonesia" name="Bali" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Bali</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFDFAFDC7E2C29093" box="[615,720,626,652]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
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. In
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<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFD6BFDC7E3499093" box="[758,859,626,652]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
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only known from
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<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFBBBFDC7E4F19093" box="[1062,1251,626,652]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Tengah" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Central Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
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(Sopu Valley, Mt. Gawalise) and Southern
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<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFE01FD23E21390AF" box="[412,513,662,688]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
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(Mt. Rantemario) (
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<figureCitation id="ACB75E912011FFDEFD41FD23E32090AF" box="[732,818,662,688]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1953,1975]" captionTargetBox="[179,1408,188,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-22@2.[179,1408,187,1926]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Distribution maps of Begonia species occurring on the southwestern arm of Sulawesi or the Selayar Islands (georeferenced specimen data from major collections [B, BO, E, K, KRB, L, SING], the Begonia Resource Center [Hughes et al. 2015a], as well as some additional confirmed observations). Grey lines indicate 1° graticules." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13873880" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13873880/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="343342142011FFDEFF20FD0FE13F967F" blockId="18.[136,1452,482,1697]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFF20FD0FE11290CB" bold="true" box="[189,256,698,724]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Notes</emphasis>
|
|
:
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFE95FD0FE13690CB" bold="true" box="[264,292,698,724]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">—</emphasis>
|
|
Several collections from Central and
|
|
<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFD59FD0FE36390CB" box="[708,881,698,724]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Selatan" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">South Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
|
belong to a species complex that includes
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F38C39972011FFDEFAD3FD0EE0CF90E7" authorityName="Blume" authorityYear="1827" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robusta">
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFAD3FD0EE0CF90E7" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Begonia robusta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F38C39972011FFDEFF6CFD6AE2AC90E7" authority="Blume (1827: 96)" authorityName="Blume" authorityPageNumber="96" authorityYear="1827" box="[241,702,734,760]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multangula">
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFF6CFD6AE1CE90E7" box="[241,476,734,760]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Begonia multangula</emphasis>
|
|
Blume (1827: 96)
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and several segregates from
|
|
<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFBBBFD6BE44790E7" box="[1062,1109,734,760]" country="Indonesia" name="Bali" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Bali</collectingRegion>
|
|
and Lombok (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="501D3FE52011FFDEFA90FD6BE5B590E6" author="Tebbitt, M. C." box="[1293,1447,734,761]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" refId="ref19953" refString="Tebbitt, M. C. (2005) Begonias: cultivation, identification and natural history. Timber Press, Oregon." type="book" year="2005">Tebbitt 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|
; Girmansyah 2009; Hughes & Girmansyah 2011). According to
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="501D3FE52011FFDEFCFDFCB7E4179102" author="Tebbitt, M. C." box="[864,1029,770,797]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" refId="ref19953" refString="Tebbitt, M. C. (2005) Begonias: cultivation, identification and natural history. Timber Press, Oregon." type="book" year="2005">Tebbitt (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
, typical
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F38C39972011FFDEFBF5FCB6E5319103" authorityName="Blume" authorityYear="1827" box="[1128,1315,770,796]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robusta">
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFBF5FCB6E5319103" box="[1128,1315,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Begonia robusta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has adaxial leaf laminas with long red glandular hairs, the leaf margin is entire or has short rounded lobes, the infructescence peduncle is usually at least four times longer than pedicels, and the fruits have usually one longer wing and two shorter wings or ribs. In contrast to this,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F38C39972011FFDEFE66FCDAE2899197" authorityName="Blume" authorityYear="1827" box="[507,667,878,904]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multangula">
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFE66FCDAE2899197" box="[507,667,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">B. multangula</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
has adaxial leaf laminas that are glabrous above or have short to long white or red glandular hairs, the leaf margin has several short angular lobes, the infructescence peduncle is usually less than three times as long as the pedicels, and the fruits have three equal ribs or short thickened wings (
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="501D3FE52011FFDEFA97FC03E5B291CE" author="Tebbitt, M. C." box="[1290,1440,950,977]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" refId="ref19953" refString="Tebbitt, M. C. (2005) Begonias: cultivation, identification and natural history. Timber Press, Oregon." type="book" year="2005">Tebbitt 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
|
). However, Hughes (2008) and
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="501D3FE52011FFDEFE41FC6FE35791EB" author="Hughes, M. & Girmansyah, D. & Ardi, W. H. & Nurainas" box="[476,837,986,1012]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" pagination="29 - 44" refId="ref18991" refString="Hughes, M., Girmansyah, D., Ardi, W. H. & Nurainas (2009) Seven new species of Begonia from Sumatra. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 61 (1): 29 - 44." type="journal article" year="2009">Hughes and Girmansyah (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
|
emphasized there is a tendency to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F38C39972011FFDEFB4FFC6FE57691EB" box="[1234,1380,986,1012]" form="hybrids" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" rank="form">form hybrids</taxonomicName>
|
|
in the wider group (fleshy-fruited species in section
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F38C39972011FFDEFD1EFC4BE3089607" authorityName="de Candolle" authorityYear="1859" baseAuthorityName="Klotzsch" box="[643,794,1022,1048]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Platycentrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFD1EFC4BE3089607" box="[643,794,1022,1048]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Platycentrum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) when species occur sympatrically, and that there are many morphologically intermediate specimens of possible hybrid origin (e.g. between
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F38C39972011FFDEFB89FB96E4EB9623" authorityName="Blume" authorityYear="1827" box="[1044,1273,1058,1084]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multangula">
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFB89FB96E4EB9623" box="[1044,1273,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Begonia multangula</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F38C39972011FFDEFAADFB96E130967F" authority=", Hughes 2008" authorityName=", Hughes" authorityYear="2008" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robusta">
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFAADFB96E5B79623" box="[1328,1445,1058,1084]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">B. robusta</emphasis>
|
|
, Hughes 2008
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="343342142011FFDEFF20FBDFE34C97F3" blockId="18.[136,1452,482,1697]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
|
|
The material from Central and
|
|
<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFD8CFBDFE2AF969B" box="[529,701,1130,1156]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Selatan" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">South Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
|
shows fruits with two shorter and one larger wing, but the wings are not as well developed as in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F38C39972011FFDEFE27FB3AE23F96B7" authorityName=", Hughes" authorityYear="2008" box="[442,557,1166,1192]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robusta">
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFE27FB3AE23F96B7" box="[442,557,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">B. robusta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
from
|
|
<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFDEDFB3AE2B796B6" box="[624,677,1167,1193]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Java</collectingRegion>
|
|
. The adaxial leaf surface shows a conspicuously reddish indumentum in the material from
|
|
<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFEEDFB07E23D96D3" box="[368,559,1202,1228]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Tengah" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Central Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
|
giving the surface a reddish shine as typical for
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F38C39972011FFDEFBCFFB06E4D496D3" authorityName=", Hughes" authorityYear="2008" box="[1106,1222,1202,1228]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robusta">
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFBCFFB06E4D496D3" box="[1106,1222,1202,1228]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">B. robusta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, but the adaxial leaf indumentum is whitish in the material from Southwest
|
|
<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFD60FB63E37096EF" box="[765,866,1238,1264]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
|
(there are red hairs along the stem). The peduncles of the infructescences are usually more than four times the length of the fruit pedicels in the
|
|
<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFB35FB4FE51F970B" box="[1192,1293,1274,1300]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
|
material. The specimens from
|
|
<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFED9FAABE2179727" box="[324,517,1310,1336]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Tengah" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Central Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
|
show a leaf margin that is irregularly lobed as in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F38C39972011FFDEFBDEFAAAE4F19727" authorityName="Blume" authorityYear="1827" box="[1091,1251,1310,1336]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="multangula">
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFBDEFAAAE4F19727" box="[1091,1251,1310,1336]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">B. multangula</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, but leaf margins are only weakly lobed in the material from
|
|
<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFD1EFAF7E32A9743" box="[643,824,1346,1372]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Selatan" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">South Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
|
. A close reexamination of the material from
|
|
<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFAA2FAF7E5B59743" box="[1343,1447,1346,1372]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
|
, the Lesser Sunda Isles and
|
|
<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFE23FAD2E1E0979E" box="[446,498,1383,1409]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Java</collectingRegion>
|
|
, as well as additional insights into introgression among the fleshy-fruited species in section
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F38C39972011FFDEFF40FA3FE16697BB" authorityName="de Candolle" authorityYear="1859" baseAuthorityName="Klotzsch" box="[221,372,1418,1444]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Platycentrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFF40FA3FE16697BB" box="[221,372,1418,1444]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Platycentrum</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are required to assess whether the material from
|
|
<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFC0FFA3FE3E597BB" box="[914,1015,1418,1444]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
|
should be separated as distinct species. As collections and morphological evidence are currently very limited, a wide species concept is adopted here and the
|
|
<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFF15FA67E0FF97F3" box="[136,237,1490,1516]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
|
material is identified as part of the
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F38C39972011FFDEFDE6FA66E2FD97F3" authorityName=", Hughes" authorityYear="2008" box="[635,751,1490,1516]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robusta">
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFDE6FA66E2FD97F3" box="[635,751,1490,1516]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">B. robusta</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
complex.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="343342142011FFDEFF20FA43E4A4940F" blockId="18.[136,1452,482,1697]" box="[189,1206,1526,1553]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFF20FA43E2F0940F" bold="true" box="[189,738,1526,1552]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Provisional IUCN conservation assessment:—</emphasis>
|
|
Least Concern
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFC16FA43E386940F" bold="true" box="[907,916,1526,1552]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">(</emphasis>
|
|
LC) (Hughes
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFBB3FA42E474940F" box="[1070,1126,1526,1552]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">et al.</emphasis>
|
|
2008).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="343342142011FFDEFF20F9AFE4479462" blockId="18.[136,1452,482,1697]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFF20F9AFE225942B" bold="true" box="[189,567,1562,1588]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Additional specimens examined</emphasis>
|
|
:
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFDA2F9AFE249942B" bold="true" box="[575,603,1562,1588]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">—</emphasis>
|
|
<materialsCitation id="84E448492011FFDEFDC6F9AFE3459447" collectingDate="1979-05-24" collectionCode="BO" country="Indonesia" location="Track" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">
|
|
<collectingCountry id="4C9B02842011FFDEFDC6F9AFE2E5942B" box="[603,759,1562,1588]" name="Indonesia" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">INDONESIA</collectingCountry>
|
|
.
|
|
<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFC9CF9AFE37B942B" box="[769,873,1562,1588]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
|
,
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFCE9F9AFE42C942B" bold="true" box="[884,1086,1562,1588]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
|
|
<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFCE9F9AFE42C942B" box="[884,1086,1562,1588]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Tengah" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Central Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
:
|
|
<location id="315314CF2011FFDEFBD1F9AFE49E942B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BC25F3022011FFDEFF15FF2BE40394BE:315314CF2011FFDEFBD1F9AFE49E942B" box="[1100,1164,1562,1588]" country="Indonesia" name="Track" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" stateProvince="Sulawesi Utara">Track</location>
|
|
<locationDeviation id="25815B362011FFDEFB0EF9AFE12F9447" firstLocation="Sopu valley" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" secondLocation="Danau Tambing">between Sopu valley and Danau Tambing</locationDeviation>
|
|
,
|
|
<date id="403264D42011FFDEFEDAF98BE1CC9447" box="[327,478,1598,1625]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" value="1979-05-24">
|
|
<collectingDate id="50769D3C2011FFDEFEDAF98BE1CC9447" box="[327,478,1598,1625]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" value="1979-05-24">24 May 1979</collectingDate>
|
|
</date>
|
|
,
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFE75F98AE2A19447" box="[488,691,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F38C39972011FFDEFE75F98AE2669447" authority="Balgooy" authorityName="Balgooy" box="[488,628,1598,1624]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" rank="species" species="van">van Balgooy</taxonomicName>
|
|
3486
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
(A,
|
|
<collectionCode id="529DDAD12011FFDEFD79F98BE31F9447" box="[740,781,1598,1624]" country="Indonesia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15186" name="Herbarium Bogoriense" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" type="Herbarium">BO</collectionCode>
|
|
, K, L)
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
<materialsCitation id="84E448492011FFDEFCFCF98BE1E59463" collectingDate="2009-04-24" collectorName="D. C. Thomas & W. H. Ardi" country="Indonesia" location="Gunung Rantemario" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Selatan">
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFCFCF98BE4049447" bold="true" box="[865,1046,1598,1624]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
|
|
<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFCFCF98BE4049447" box="[865,1046,1598,1624]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Selatan" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">South Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
:
|
|
<location id="315314CF2011FFDEFBB9F98BE5189447" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BC25F3022011FFDEFF15FF2BE40394BE:315314CF2011FFDEFBB9F98BE5189447" box="[1060,1290,1598,1624]" country="Indonesia" name="Gunung Rantemario" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" stateProvince="Sulawesi Selatan">Gunung Rantemario</location>
|
|
,
|
|
<date id="403264D42011FFDEFA89F98BE5B59447" box="[1300,1447,1598,1624]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" value="2009-04-24">
|
|
<collectingDate id="50769D3C2011FFDEFA89F98BE5B59447" box="[1300,1447,1598,1624]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" value="2009-04-24">24 Apr. 2009</collectingDate>
|
|
</date>
|
|
,
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFF15F9D6E1E59463" box="[136,503,1634,1661]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
|
|
<collectorName id="997927C22011FFDEFF15F9D6E10F9463" box="[136,285,1634,1661]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">D.C. Thomas</collectorName>
|
|
&
|
|
<collectorName id="997927C22011FFDEFEDDF9D6E1BD9463" box="[320,431,1634,1660]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">W.H. Ardi</collectorName>
|
|
09-80
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<materialsCitation id="84E448492011FFDEFD9BF9D7E45C9463" box="[518,1102,1634,1661]" collectingDate="2009-04-25" collectorName="D. C. Thomas & W. H. Ardi" country="Indonesia" location="Gunung Rantemario" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sulawesi Selatan">
|
|
ibid.
|
|
<date id="403264D42011FFDEFDA2F9D7E2C69463" box="[575,724,1634,1661]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" value="2009-04-25">
|
|
<collectingDate id="50769D3C2011FFDEFDA2F9D7E2C69463" box="[575,724,1634,1661]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91" value="2009-04-25">25 Apr. 2009</collectingDate>
|
|
</date>
|
|
,
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFD42F9D6E45C9463" box="[735,1102,1634,1661]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
|
|
<collectorName id="997927C22011FFDEFD42F9D6E3669463" box="[735,884,1634,1661]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">D.C. Thomas</collectorName>
|
|
&
|
|
<collectorName id="997927C22011FFDEFC0AF9D6E4149463" box="[919,1030,1634,1660]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">W.H. Ardi</collectorName>
|
|
09-85
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="343342142011FFDEFF15F932E40394BE" blockId="18.[136,1452,482,1697]" box="[136,1041,1670,1697]" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">
|
|
For specimens outside of
|
|
<collectingRegion id="F6488CF62011FFDEFE35F933E20294BF" box="[424,528,1670,1696]" country="Indonesia" name="Sulawesi Utara" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">Sulawesi</collectingRegion>
|
|
, see Hughes (2008) and Hughes
|
|
<emphasis id="06F89E062011FFDEFC1DF932E3AA94BF" box="[896,952,1670,1696]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="91">et al.</emphasis>
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|
(2015).
|
|
</paragraph>
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|
</subSubSection>
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|
</treatment>
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|
</document> |