treatments-xml/data/B6/65/87/B66587C48F767E6D2A8CEAB6207CFE76.xml
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<document id="90D1D73776912D5C9E47326FCF6D8EED" ID-CLB-Dataset="177059" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5200.5.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="178ce8cd-cd82-4c2b-bd5c-16c17286d096" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7270985" ID-ZooBank="71E4B5F9-90B2-4BB3-A015-5A51B65825E7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1667300759781" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zheng, Xinyi &amp; Wu, SanAn" docDate="2022" docId="B66587C48F767E6D2A8CEAB6207CFE76" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5200.5.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5200 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Kuwania bipora Borchsenius, Wu 2008" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="475" masterDocId="4A5CFFBC8F747E682A1BEA212242FFFF" masterDocTitle="Updated description of the adult male of Kuwania bipora Borchsenius (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Kuwaniidae) with a discussion on the relationships of Kuwania with some other archaeococcoid genera" masterLastPageNumber="478" masterPageNumber="470" pageNumber="472" updateTime="1699408746409" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="24A3873268C61D43F30C2CCBC6BC033A">Updated description of the adult male of Kuwania bipora Borchsenius (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Kuwaniidae) with a discussion on the relationships of Kuwania with some other archaeococcoid genera</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="552A8587392CD6E9F8D5847AF321CA05">Zheng, Xinyi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C59F183C93691E77AA8865295ADF5A26">The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China zxy 780346931 @ 126. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7396 - 7488</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="59DA98845AAFCD387731836F7DC57688">Wu, SanAn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1CFEFF0CFFCF931A0C9974B1977021FC">The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China zxy 780346931 @ 126. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7396 - 7488 &amp; sananwu @ bjfu. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9671 - 9401</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="B66587C48F767E6D2A8CEAB6207CFE76" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7270979" ID-GBIF-Taxon="203719781" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7270979" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B66587C48F767E6D2A8CEAB6207CFE76" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B66587C48F767E6D2A8CEAB6207CFE76" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="475" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">
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<paragraph id="3E7336D28F767E6A2A8CEAB6207EFF4E" blockId="2.[151,572,151,178]" box="[151,572,151,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">
<heading id="653B81BE8F767E6A2A8CEAB6207EFF4E" bold="true" box="[151,572,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="472" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="F9CC4D518F767E6A2A8CEAB6207EFF4E" ID-CoL="3RGL3" authority="Borchsenius 1960" authorityName="Borchsenius, Wu" authorityYear="2008" box="[151,572,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Kuwania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipora">
<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F767E6A2A8CEAB6207EFF4E" bold="true" box="[151,572,151,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">
<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F767E6A2A8CEAB62318FF4D" bold="true" box="[151,346,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">Kuwania bipora</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5A5D4B238F767E6A2B7AEAB6207EFF4E" author="Borchsenius, N. S." box="[353,572,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472" pagination="914 - 938" refId="ref5417" refString="Borchsenius, N. S. (1960) Coccid fauna of China. 9. New soft scales of the families Margarodidae, Eriococcidae and Pseudococcidae (Homoptera, Coccoidea). Entomologicheskoe Obozrenye, 39, 914 - 938." type="journal article" year="1960">Borchsenius 1960</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="BF6D10C38F767E6A2A8CEAFD20D0FF0B" author="Wu, S. A." box="[151,658,220,244]" page="214" pageId="2" pageNumber="472" year="2008">
<taxonomicName id="F9CC4D518F767E6A2A8CEAFD20D0FF0B" ID-CoL="3RGL3" authority="Borchsenius, Wu 2008: 207 - 214" authorityName="Borchsenius, Wu" authorityPageNumber="207 - 214" authorityYear="2008" box="[151,658,220,244]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Kuwania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipora">
<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F767E6A2A8CEAFD237FFF0B" box="[151,317,220,244]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">Kuwania bipora</emphasis>
Borchsenius,
<bibRefCitation id="5A5D4B238F767E6A2BD7EAFD20D0FF0B" author="Wu, S. A." box="[460,658,220,244]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472" pagination="207 - 214" refId="ref6584" refString="Wu, S. A. (2008) Morphology of Kuwania bipora Borchsenius (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Margarodidae). Entomotaxonomia, 30 (3), 207 - 214." type="journal article" year="2008">Wu 2008: 207214</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="3E7336D28F767E6A2A8CEB00266BFE9F" blockId="2.[151,1437,289,496]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">
<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F767E6A2A8CEB002339FEC4" bold="true" box="[151,379,289,315]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">Material examined</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="8EA43C8F8F767E6A2B91EB032667FE9F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3948946302" collectingDate="2017-02-06" collectionCode="BFUC" collectorName="Shaobin Huang" country="China" location="Guangzhou City" pageId="2" pageNumber="472" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-male="9" stateProvince="Guangdong">
<collectingCountry id="46DB76428F767E6A2B91EB0323A4FEC3" box="[394,486,290,316]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">CHINA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="FC08F8308F767E6A2BE9EB0320A1FEC3" box="[498,739,290,316]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">Guangdong Province</collectingRegion>
,
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,
<collectedFrom id="8DD0752F8F767E6A29ACEB0326DDFEC3" box="[951,1183,290,316]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">
on
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<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F767E6A29C0EB0326DDFEC3" box="[987,1183,290,316]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">Castanopsis fissa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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(Fagaceae),
<date id="4A7210128F767E6A2F29EB0327D5FEC3" box="[1330,1431,290,316]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472" value="2017-02-06">
<collectingDate id="5A36E9FA8F767E6A2F29EB0327D5FEC3" box="[1330,1431,290,316]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472" value="2017-02-06">6.ii.2017</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName id="933953048F767E6A2AD4EB6723C2FE9F" box="[207,384,326,352]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">Shaobin Huang</collectorName>
;
<specimenCount id="28CAFD5B8F767E6A2B90EB672388FE9F" box="[395,458,326,353]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472" type="male">5 ♂♂</specimenCount>
on 3 slides and
<specimenCount id="28CAFD5B8F767E6A289BEB6720FDFE9F" box="[640,703,326,352]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472" type="male">4 ♂♂</specimenCount>
preserved in glycerine (
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)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E7336D28F767E6A2ADCEB4B201DFE7B" blockId="2.[151,1437,289,496]" box="[199,607,361,388]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">
<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F767E6A2ADCEB4B201DFE7B" bold="true" box="[199,607,361,388]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">Updated description of adult male</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E7336D28F767E6A2ADCEBAF20F3FE0F" blockId="2.[151,1437,289,496]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">
<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F767E6A2ADCEBAF2387FE58" bold="true" box="[199,453,397,424]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">Unmounted material</emphasis>
. Body bright red, compound eyes dark brown, forewings transparent except for red anterior margin (
<figureCitation id="A6F72A578F767E6A2B49EB9323D1FE33" box="[338,403,434,460]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1400,1424]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,520,1376]" captionTargetId="figure-100@2.[151,1436,520,1376]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. The adult male of Kuwania bipora Borchsenius in life." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7270987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7270987/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Antennae, legs and forewings well-developed. Posterior of abdomen with two tufts of long wax filaments dorsally on segments
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F767E6A2834EBF7200FFE0F" box="[559,589,470,496]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">VI</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F767E6A2899EBF720EEFE0F" box="[642,684,470,496]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">VII</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="6AB3665A8F767E6A2A8CEF592107FA6F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7270987" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7270987" box="[151,837,1400,1424]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7270987/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="472" startId="2.[151,250,1400,1424]" targetBox="[151,1436,520,1376]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="3E7336D28F767E6A2A8CEF592107FA6F" blockId="2.[151,837,1400,1424]" box="[151,837,1400,1424]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">
<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F767E6A2A8CEF592351FA6F" bold="true" box="[151,275,1400,1424]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
The adult male of
<taxonomicName id="F9CC4D518F767E6A2BC8EF5820B9FA6F" authority="Borchsenius" authorityName="Borchsenius, Wu" authorityYear="2008" box="[467,763,1400,1424]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Kuwania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="472" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipora">
<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F767E6A2BC8EF58203AFA6F" box="[467,632,1400,1424]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">Kuwania bipora</emphasis>
Borchsenius
</taxonomicName>
in life.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3E7336D28F767E6A2ADCEF9F268BF907" blockId="2.[151,1437,1470,2037]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">
<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F767E6A2ADCEF9F2197FA27" bold="true" box="[199,981,1470,1496]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">Cleared specimens, either slide-mounted material or in glycerine</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="A6F72A578F767E6A29FDEF9F2669FA27" box="[998,1067,1470,1496]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1182,1206]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,309,1158]" captionTargetId="figure-71@3.[151,1436,309,1159]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Kuwania bipora Borchsenius, adult male: A. variation in shape of scutellum, triangular to subpentagonal; B. hamulohaltere; C. large tubular duct; D. abdominal spiracle; E. lateral view of genital segment; F. ventral view of genital segment; G. dorsal view of genital segment; H. hair-like seta; I. fleshy seta; J. bristle; K. claw." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7270989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7270989/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) (n=9). Body small and slender,
<quantity id="F9349B378F767E6A2A8CEFC32378FA02" box="[151,314,1506,1533]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.145" metricValueMax="1.19" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="472" unit="mm" value="1.145" valueMax="1.19" valueMin="1.1">1.101.19 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="F9349B378F767E6A2B9AEFC32066FA02" box="[385,548,1506,1533]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="3.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="472" unit="mm" value="0.375" valueMax="0.41" valueMin="0.34">0.340.41 mm</quantity>
wide across scutum. Head with 1 pair of prominent compound eyes laterally, 1 pair of ocelli dorsally, and a sclerotized series of ridges forming a five-armed star ventrally. Antennae filiform, each 10-segmented,
<quantity id="F9349B378F767E6A2B59EC0B23A4F9BA" box="[322,486,1578,1605]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.08" metricValueMax="1.13" metricValueMin="1.03" pageId="2" pageNumber="472" unit="mm" value="1.08" valueMax="1.13" valueMin="1.03">1.031.13 mm</quantity>
long. Forewings developed, with part of anterior margin sclerotized; hamulohalteres nearly fusiform, each with a single hamulus on apex. Legs fully developed, each with tarsus 1-segmented, claw with a small denticle near apex, and claw digitules knobbed, longer than claw. Abdominal spiracles poorly sclerotized, numbering possibly 6 pairs. Dorsum of abdominal segments
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F767E6A294FECB62130F94E" box="[852,882,1687,1713]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">VI</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F767E6A29B6ECB62196F94E" box="[941,980,1687,1713]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">VII</collectionCode>
each with a row of large tubular ducts. Abdomen without caudal extensions but segments
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F767E6A28C3EC9A20BDF92A" box="[728,767,1723,1749]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">VII</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F767E6A2923EC9A212AF92A" box="[824,872,1723,1749]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">VIII</collectionCode>
each with rounded and slightly protruding lateral margins. Penial sheath extending posteriorly from beneath segment
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F767E6A2994ECFE2181F906" box="[911,963,1759,1785]" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">VIII</collectionCode>
. Loculate pores absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E7336D28F767E6B2ADCED2323DBFEE2" blockId="2.[151,1437,1470,2037]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,285]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="473" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">
<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F767E6A2ADCED232346F8E3" box="[199,260,1794,1820]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="472">Head</emphasis>
broadly oval in dorsal view, 150175 μm long, 325375 μm wide across compound eyes. Dorsal part of epicranium mainly membranous, with 14 or 15 hair-like setae, each about 5 μm long; postoccipital suture sclerotized. A pair of ocelli, each 2330 μm wide, present on dorsum positioned next to middle part of each compound eye. Compound eyes prominent laterally, each 160165 μm long and with 6070 ommatidia, each ommatidium 1525 µm in diameter. Ocular sclerite weakly sclerotized with reticular pattern, ventral projection present. Venter with 5 strongly sclerotised ridges fused medially, forming a 5-armed star, composed of: (i) ventral midcranial ridge anteriorly; (ii) a pair of lateral preocular ridges antero-laterally; and (iii) a pair of preoral ridges postero-laterally; derm between midcranial ridge and lateral preocular ridges with a reticular pattern proximally. Cranial apophysis short and broad. Remaining ventral part of epicranium membranous. Ventral part of epicranium with 622 setae, each about 15 μm long. Mouth not detected. Ventral sclerites, anterior tentorial arms, posterior tentorial arms and tentorial bridge absent.
</paragraph>
<caption id="6AB3665A8F777E6B2A8CEEBF2613FB01" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7270989" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7270989" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7270989/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="473" startId="3.[151,250,1182,1206]" targetBox="[151,1436,309,1158]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="3E7336D28F777E6B2A8CEEBF2613FB01" blockId="3.[151,1436,1182,1279]" pageId="3" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F777E6B2A8CEEBF2355FB49" bold="true" box="[151,279,1182,1206]" pageId="3" pageNumber="473">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="F9CC4D518F777E6B2B3AEEBE2011FB49" authority="Borchsenius" authorityName="Borchsenius, Wu" authorityYear="2008" box="[289,595,1182,1206]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Kuwania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="473" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipora">
<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F777E6B2B3AEEBE2388FB49" box="[289,458,1182,1206]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="473">Kuwania bipora</emphasis>
Borchsenius
</taxonomicName>
, adult male: A. variation in shape of scutellum, triangular to subpentagonal; B. hamulohaltere; C. large tubular duct; D. abdominal spiracle; E. lateral view of genital segment; F. ventral view of genital segment; G. dorsal view of genital segment; H. hair-like seta; I. fleshy seta; J. bristle; K. claw.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3E7336D28F777E6B2ADCEF0C23E2F92D" blockId="3.[151,1437,1324,2035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F777E6B2ADCEF0C2373FAB8" box="[199,305,1325,1351]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="473">Antennae</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="8EA43C8F8F777E6B2B27EF0D23DEF92D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3948946301" collectionCode="III, V, VI, VII, VIII" pageId="3" pageNumber="473" specimenCount="1">
each 10-segmented, slightly shorter than body,
<quantity id="F9349B378F777E6B2978EF0D2648FAB8" box="[867,1034,1324,1351]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.08" metricValueMax="1.13" metricValueMin="1.03" pageId="3" pageNumber="473" unit="mm" value="1.08" valueMax="1.13" valueMin="1.03">1.031.13 mm</quantity>
long, ratio of total-body length to antennal length 1: 0.95; dermal surface of antenna with transverse ridges. Scape cylindrical and wider than long, 4345 µm long, 5363 µm wide, with 610 short hair-like setae on dorsal surface proximally, each seta about 3 µm long; remaining setae longer, each 715 µm long. Pedicel cylindrical, 5053 µm long, 3848 µm wide; with 3 or 4 campaniform sensilla dorsally; setae on pedicel similar in size to longer setae on scape. Flagellar segments
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F777E6B2F45EF9C2738FA28" box="[1374,1402,1469,1495]" pageId="3" pageNumber="473">III</collectionCode>
X each parallel-sided, about 1629 µm wide, segments becoming slightly shorter towards apex; segment lengths (µm):
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F777E6B2A8CEC2422F4F9E0" box="[151,182,1541,1567]" pageId="3" pageNumber="473">III</collectionCode>
, 95110; IV, 133142;
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F777E6B2BA5EC242390F9E0" box="[446,466,1541,1567]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="3" pageNumber="473" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
, 153165;
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F777E6B2854EC24202DF9E0" box="[591,623,1541,1567]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="3" pageNumber="473">VI</collectionCode>
, 155168;
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F777E6B28F7EC242154F9E0" box="[748,790,1541,1567]" pageId="3" pageNumber="473">VII</collectionCode>
, 138150;
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F777E6B2988EC242184F9E0" box="[915,966,1541,1567]" pageId="3" pageNumber="473">VIII</collectionCode>
, 121125; IX, 108118; and X, 105115; each flagellar segment with numerous fleshy setae (fs), except segment
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F777E6B29D8EC08219DF9BC" box="[963,991,1577,1603]" pageId="3" pageNumber="473">III</collectionCode>
with only a few fleshy setae on apex + about 5 hair-like setae; segments
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F777E6B280BEC6C206FF998" box="[528,557,1613,1639]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="3" pageNumber="473">VI</collectionCode>
IX each with 2 bristles near apex, segment X with 4 bristles; segments
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F777E6B2F7BEC6C273CF998" box="[1376,1406,1613,1639]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="3" pageNumber="473">VI</collectionCode>
or
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F777E6B2A8CEC5022FCF974" box="[151,190,1649,1675]" pageId="3" pageNumber="473">VII</collectionCode>
IX each with 1 long seta near apex; segment X with 4 long setae near apex, in
<specimenCount id="28CAFD5B8F777E6B2E2BEC5126ECF975" box="[1072,1198,1648,1674]" pageId="3" pageNumber="473" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
these long setae with capitate apices. Bifurcated setae absent. Fleshy setae each 2530 µm long, bristles each 2733 µm long, long setae each about 43 µm long
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E7336D28F777E6B2ADCECFD239DF854" blockId="3.[151,1437,1324,2035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F777E6B2ADCECFD23DBF909" box="[199,409,1756,1782]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="473">Thorax. Prothorax</emphasis>
separated from head by large membranous area with a narrow neck. Dorsum with a small pair of post-tergites, sclerotized and angled obliquely upward, each 1520 µm long; pronotal ridge absent. Laterally, cervical sclerites narrow and sclerotized, each articulating anteriorly with posterior ventral projection of ocular sclerite; proepimeron narrow; pleural ridge extending from articulation with coxa of foreleg; pleural apophysis distinct. Ventrally, prosternum with a well-sclerotized median ridge, 118125 µm long, slightly broader at posterior end. Prothorax without setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E7336D28F777E6C2ADCED952612FE55" blockId="3.[151,1437,1324,2035]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,150,2026]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="474" pageId="3" pageNumber="473">
<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F777E6B2ADCED95230FF831" box="[199,333,1972,1998]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="473">Mesothorax</emphasis>
well sclerotized. Dorsally, prescutum approximately oval, 105120 µm long, 173180 µm wide. Scutum with 47scutal setae on each side medially, distance from prescutum to scutellum about 80125µm. Scutellum triangular to pentagonal (triangular in
<specimenCount id="28CAFD5B8F707E6C285DEAB72091FF4E" box="[582,723,150,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
, subpentagonal in 3 and pentagonal in 1), without membranous areas or setae. A narrow membranous area present between scutellum and mesopostnotum; mesopostnotum long, but more than half of its area covered by membranous area of metathorax. Laterally, prealare narrow; tegula slightly sclerotized, with about 5 setae. Mesopleural ridge and pleural apophysis developed; mesepisternum sclerotized with reticular pattern anteriorly. Mesothoracic spiracles distinct, without associated setae, each peritreme 1518 µm wide and muscle plate 2328 µm long. Ventrally, basisternum sclerotised, 400485 µm long, 190215 µm wide, without a sclerotized median ridge, anterior and lateral margins unsclerotized or weakly sclerotized, but precoxal ridges well-developed; furca developed, with strongly divergent arms. Venter without setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E7336D28F707E6C2ADCEB922759FDC7" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2026]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">
<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F707E6C2ADCEB922308FE32" box="[199,330,435,461]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">Metathorax</emphasis>
almost entirely membranous.Dorsally, metapostnotum absent.Laterally, a small suspensorial sclerite present near each hamulohaltere; pleural ridge and pleural apophyses developed; precoxal ridge well developed, 90105 µm long; postcoxal ridge present. Posterior spiracles similar in structure and size to anterior pair. Ventrally, metasternum slightly sclerotized, with distinct lateral metasternal apophysis. Metathorax without setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E7336D28F707E6C2ADCE86326D7FBFB" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2026]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">
<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F707E6C2ADCE8632349FDA4" box="[199,267,578,603]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">Wings</emphasis>
large and well developed,
<quantity id="F9349B378F707E6C282EE8602095FDA4" box="[565,727,577,603]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.265" metricValueMax="1.33" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="474" unit="mm" value="1.265" valueMax="1.33" valueMin="1.2">1.201.33 mm</quantity>
long, 0.56
<quantity id="F9349B378F707E6C2940E86021FFFDA4" box="[859,957,577,604]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.699999999999999" pageId="4" pageNumber="474" unit="mm" value="0.47">0.47 mm</quantity>
wide, ratio of body length to wing length 1: 0.91; ratio of wing length to wing width 1: 0.40. A group of 56 circular sensoria (sens) near subcostal ridge (scr) base but without alar setae (als); subcostal ridge (scr) developed and sclerotized, weak towards wing tip, with 89 circular sensoria (sens) along scr. Area between anterior margin and subcostal ridge (scr) with another vein, rising from wing base and disappearing about half-way along wing; alar fold (alf) represented by a sclerotized fold along proximal posterior margin. Rest of wing membranous; radial sector (rs) weak, forming a clear line, short and slender near wing apex but only visible in fresh specimens, completely disappearing after slide mounting; anterior flexing patch (afx) clear, originates from scr at about 1/5 wing length and runs obliquely to wing apex; cubital ridge (cur) originating from scr at about 1/6 along wing length and extending obliquely towards posterior of wing, short, very weak in fresh specimens, but completely disappearing after slide mounting; posterior flexing patch (pfx) originating from wing base and extending obliquely to posterior wing margin. Hamulohalteres each leaf-like, wide in the middle and narrow at both ends, 139160 µm long, slightly sclerotized, with some diagonal sclerotized folds; apex of hamulohaltere twisted and pointed to form a small hamulus, each hamulus 67 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E7336D28F707E6C2ADCEE2E208EFA51" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2026]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">
<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F707E6C2ADCEE2E22BEFBD7" box="[199,252,1039,1064]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">Legs</emphasis>
well developed and slender, subequal in length. Leg measurements (µm): fore leg (I) 880990 long, middle leg (
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C2B06EE102373FBB4" box="[285,305,1073,1099]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">II</collectionCode>
) 900930, hind leg (
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C2803EE102074FBB4" box="[536,566,1073,1099]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">III</collectionCode>
) 9001020; coxae: I, 150163; II, 115125;
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C2E31EE13260BFBB3" box="[1066,1097,1074,1100]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">III</collectionCode>
, 125138; trochanter + femur: I, 285305; II, 280295;
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C2BA8EE742390FB90" box="[435,466,1109,1135]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">III</collectionCode>
, 280300; tibia: I, 305330; II, 340370;
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C29B7EE742189FB90" box="[940,971,1109,1135]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">III</collectionCode>
, 340385; tarsi: I, 170190; II, 170175;
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C2A8CEE5822F4FB6C" box="[151,182,1145,1171]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">III</collectionCode>
, 160185; claws 2529. Hind trochanter + femur 0.510.57 times as long as hind tibia + tarsus; ratio of length of hind tibia to hind tarsus 2.032.37: 1. Leg surfaces with transverse ridges except on claw. Each coxa with a group of 79 short setae proximally on each side, each seta about 5 µm long, plus about 6 longer hair-like setae near apex. Each trochanter with 4 campaniform sensilla on each side, and about 5 hair-like setae but no long setae. Each femur with about 10 hs on both surfaces, 46 setae on outer margin spur-like, each 813 µm long. Each tibia with about 7 hs on both surfaces, lateral setae spur-like, tibia with about 5 spur-like setae on apex, each 1315 µm long. Tarsus 1-segmented, with only 1 hair-like seta on venter, rest of setae spur-like, each 813 µm long. Hair-like setae on legs each 78 µm long, tarsal digitules absent. Claw broad and curved, with a small denticle near apex; claw digitules capitate, longer than claw, each about 25 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E7336D28F707E6C2ADCEF96210CF8C9" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2026]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">
<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F707E6C2ADCEF962373FA2E" box="[199,305,1463,1489]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">Abdomen</emphasis>
. Derm mainly membranous; caudal extensions absent, but lateral margins of segments
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C2F16EF992776FA2D" box="[1293,1332,1464,1490]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">VII</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C2F77EF9927DEFA2D" box="[1388,1436,1464,1490]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">VIII</collectionCode>
rounded and prominent; setae few, all hair-like. Dorsally, tergites absent; segments
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C2E5FEFFA2620FA0A" box="[1092,1122,1499,1525]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">VI</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C2E82EFFA2682FA0A" box="[1177,1216,1499,1525]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">VII</collectionCode>
each with a row of large tubular ducts, each duct 1518 µm long and 68 µm in diameter; each ductule with inner longitudinal ridges; segment
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C2AE6EC032359F9C3" box="[253,283,1570,1596]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">VI</collectionCode>
with 811 tubular ducts and segment
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C28C9EC0320BBF9C3" box="[722,761,1570,1596]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">VII</collectionCode>
with 58 tubular ducts. Number of dorsal abdominal setae per segment: I &amp; II, 0;
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C2BBFEC672381F99F" box="[420,451,1606,1632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">III</collectionCode>
, about 4; IV, about 6;
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C28DDEC672098F99F" box="[710,730,1606,1632]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="4" pageNumber="474" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
, about 5;
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C2950EC67212BF99F" box="[843,873,1606,1632]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">VI</collectionCode>
&amp;
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C298BEC6721F5F99F" box="[912,951,1606,1632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">VII</collectionCode>
each with about 6;
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C2E87EC67268DF99F" box="[1180,1231,1606,1632]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">VIII</collectionCode>
, 6 or 7. Laterally, pleurites absent. Abdominal spiracles present but unsclerotized and difficult to see, possibly present on segments I
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C2AABECAC228DF958" box="[176,207,1677,1703]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">VI</collectionCode>
. Pleural setae difficult to separate into dorsal and ventral pleural setae, but perhaps with 1 hair-like seta on each of segments IV
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C2B90EC9123FFF935" box="[395,445,1712,1738]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">VIII</collectionCode>
. Ventrally, segment I present; sternites slightly sclerotized, some posterior sternites more strongly sclerotized. Number of ventral abdominal setae per segment: I, 0; II, about 3;
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C2E70ECF526C8F911" box="[1131,1162,1748,1774]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">III</collectionCode>
, about 4; IV, about 6;
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C2F9EECF527DBF911" box="[1413,1433,1748,1774]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="4" pageNumber="474" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
, 59;
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C2AD4ECD922ADF8ED" box="[207,239,1784,1810]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">VI</collectionCode>
, 7 or 8;
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C2B5CECD92333F8ED" box="[327,369,1784,1810]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">VII</collectionCode>
, about 10;
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C2BF1ECD9205FF8ED" box="[490,541,1784,1810]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">VIII</collectionCode>
, 710. Each segment on venter with the 2 medial setae significantly longer, each about 20 µm long, other setae on abdomen each 68 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E7336D28F707E6C2ADCED612371F815" blockId="4.[151,1437,150,2026]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">
<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F707E6C2ADCED6123CAF8A6" box="[199,392,1856,1882]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">Genital segment.</emphasis>
Anal opening with sclerotized rim, situated near apex of segment
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C2E9EED6126F7F8A5" box="[1157,1205,1856,1882]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">VIII</collectionCode>
dorsally, 2025 µm wide. Penial sheath subtriangular and sclerotized, extending posteriorly from beneath segment
<collectionCode id="58DDAE178F707E6C2EC2ED45274EF881" box="[1241,1292,1892,1918]" pageId="4" pageNumber="474">VIII</collectionCode>
, 98113 µm long, widest near base (5053 µm wide), tapering towards apex; with a large opening ventrally through which aedeagus emerges. Aedeagus membranous and broad, 93100 µm long. Eversible endophallus absent. Penial sheath without setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="76D665598F717E6D2ADCEAB6207CFE76" pageId="5" pageNumber="475" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="3E7336D28F717E6D2ADCEAB6207CFE76" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,393]" pageId="5" pageNumber="475">
<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F717E6D2ADCEAB62376FF4E" bold="true" box="[199,308,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="475">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<bibRefCitation id="5A5D4B238F717E6D2B58EAB623FFFF4E" author="Wu, S. A." box="[323,445,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="475" pagination="207 - 214" refId="ref6584" refString="Wu, S. A. (2008) Morphology of Kuwania bipora Borchsenius (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Margarodidae). Entomotaxonomia, 30 (3), 207 - 214." type="journal article" year="2008">Wu (2008)</bibRefCitation>
described the adult male of
<emphasis id="0CB8EAC08F717E6D28E4EAB62130FF4E" box="[767,882,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="475">
<taxonomicName id="F9CC4D518F717E6D28E4EAB6212FFF4E" authorityName="Borchsenius, Wu" authorityYear="2008" box="[767,877,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Margarodidae" genus="Kuwania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="475" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipora">K. bipora</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
also collected from Guangzhou city,
<collectingRegion id="FC08F8308F717E6D2F01EAB622BEFF2A" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="5" pageNumber="475">Guangdong province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="46DB76428F717E6D2B1CEA9A230FFF2A" box="[263,333,187,213]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="475">China</collectingCountry>
, but those slides are in poor condition with faded colours, and with many features invisible, so they were not used in this study. The above description differs from that of
<bibRefCitation id="5A5D4B238F717E6D29DEEAFE2602FF06" author="Wu, S. A." box="[965,1088,223,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="475" pagination="207 - 214" refId="ref6584" refString="Wu, S. A. (2008) Morphology of Kuwania bipora Borchsenius (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Margarodidae). Entomotaxonomia, 30 (3), 207 - 214." type="journal article" year="2008">Wu (2008)</bibRefCitation>
(character states for specimen in
<bibRefCitation id="5A5D4B238F717E6D2AACEB222371FEE2" author="Wu, S. A." box="[183,307,259,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="475" pagination="207 - 214" refId="ref6584" refString="Wu, S. A. (2008) Morphology of Kuwania bipora Borchsenius (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Margarodidae). Entomotaxonomia, 30 (3), 207 - 214." type="journal article" year="2008">Wu (2008)</bibRefCitation>
in parentheses) as follows: (i) pedicel with 3 or 4 campaniform sensilla dorsally (pedicel with 2 campaniform sensilla); (ii) antennal segment X with 2 capitate setae (with no capitate setae); and (iii) abdominal spiracles on segments IVI possibly present (abdominal spiracles absent, only
<specimenCount id="28CAFD5B8F717E6D2E1EEB6A26DCFE9A" box="[1029,1182,331,357]" pageId="5" pageNumber="475" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
with indistinct trachea on margin of abdominal segment IV).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>