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<mods:title id="0DC252590DEB77184A377B7A8BA3349B">The genus Clavariadelphus (Clavariadelphaceae, Gomphales) in China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E2173AE377BBC98FC3C6DF68A00C5A2E">Huang, Hong-Yan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6C8970C89449DD63D8B263F3E901F7EF">School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6358E7E78BF10AD1C3F62F24F79EE438">Zhao, Jie</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8BE397F529C4FF69ED9D42312C88D595">School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BE3E070EBCDAA99AC46DB674132F141C">Zhang, Ping</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="906298A0BBA98F9DFED83B51144C2157">College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F3661AB986AFD97AB06B01716D90026F">Ge, Zai-Wei</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="61F0A2853C5444FE5C855FEB929A72A2">Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CD622E7787A75FF044687661F6EF5AA9" type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3184-4604</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A1EC5CA23FBF14A2EB2FC2EC1BA632EF">Li, Xian</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DF5BB2A3A365F4ECEE1618528CC65D77">School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="738CC37CC90D46D26679AA1E4C20384A">Tang, Li-Ping</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D2237ADBEDFB3A7A0D6E774723C7B342">School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="A336066390F35FCB8AF8A2A7D37BA9BA" ID-GBIF-Taxon="166017065" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A336066390F35FCB8AF8A2A7D37BA9BA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A336066390F35FCB8AF8A2A7D37BA9BA" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" scope_family="Clavariadelphaceae" scope_order="Gomphales">
<subSubSection id="49154FFF03BFBD7EAD419285D3304CA9" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0A7491FF651D904B5F57C36EFFA70F16" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">
5.
<taxonomicName id="CE3056DFD5410D1ED78365E12CA7C4A7" ID-CoL="5Z9CP" LSID="A3360663-90F3-5FCB-8AF8-A2A7D37BA9BA" authority="Methven, Mem. New York Bot. Garden 49: 152, 1989" authorityName="Methven, Mem. New York Bot. Garden 49: 152" authorityYear="1989" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Clavariadelphaceae" genus="Clavariadelphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Clavariadelphus himalayensis" order="Gomphales" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="himalayensis">Clavariadelphus himalayensis Methven, Mem. New York Bot. Garden 49: 152, 1989</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="07175C2CA19548BAD88D77AF598553EE" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Clavariadelphus species in China. a C. alpinus (HKAS 57396, holotype) b, c C. amplus (HKAS 54876, holotype) d, e C. elongatus (d from HKAS 50742 e from HKAS 76589) f C. gansuensis (HKAS 76487, holotype) g C. himalayensis (HKAS 58811) h, i C. khinganensis (h from MHHNU 7789, holotype i from MHKMU H. Y. Huang 368) j C. sachalinensis (MHHNU 7816) k, l C. yunnanensis (k from HKAS 49398 l from HKAS 58789)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.70.54149.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/437013" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Figs 2g</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="98B6FB6C746610D0A8D3F382108234E8" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Basidiospores of Clavariadelphus under light microscope. a C. alpinus (HKAS 57396, holotype) b C. amplus (HKAS 54876, holotype) c C. elongatus (HKAS 76589) d C. gansuensis (HKAS 76487, holotype) e C. himalayensis (HKAS 58811) f C. khinganensis (MHHNU 7789, holotype) g C. ligula (HKAS 35954) h C. sachalinensis (MHHNU 7816) i C. yunnanensis (HKAS 57659)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.70.54149.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/437014" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">, 3e</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="ADFFD76BA69ED9DB21D9EE9FF9337FD1" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Basidiospores of Clavariadelphus under SEM. a C. alpinus (HKAS 57396, holotype) b C. amplus (HKAS 54876, holotype) c C. elongatus (HKAS 76589) d C. gansuensis (HKAS 76487, holotype); e, f C. himalayensis (HKAS 58811) g C. khinganensis (MHHNU 7789, holotype) h C. yunnanensis (HKAS 57659)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.70.54149.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/437015" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">, 4e, f</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="18FD62F88839DAE2CB3A6F6CE2434C55" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Hyphae of basal mycelium from Clavariadelphus under SEM. a C. alpinus (HKAS 57396, holotype) b C. amplus (HKAS 54876, holotype) c C. elongatus (HKAS 76589) d C. gansuensis (HKAS 76487, holotype) e C. himalayensis (HKAS 58811) f, g C. sachalinensis (f from HKAS 33844; g from MHHNU 7816) h C. yunnanensis (HKAS 57659)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.70.54149.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/437016" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">, 5e</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="771314D8F89E9D7C6CE07953256E5606" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Microscopic features of Clavariadelphus himalayensis (HKAS 58811). a Leptocystidia and immature basidia b Basidia." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.70.54149.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/437021" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">, 10a, b</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6D5293BABAB7AF13601BFC627E259930" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" type="notes">
<paragraph id="89CCD88E513DCA56680D76EFBF2A23C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Note.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D1A7AC5432399AFCC01D97190212E656" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">
The following description is mainly from
<bibRefCitation id="A393A1DB5AC08B6D736C590D89FC31D8" author="Methven, AS" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" pagination="152 - 157" refId="B21" refString="Methven, AS, 1989. Notes on Clavariadelphus. I. New species from India and China. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 49: 152 - 157" title="Notes on Clavariadelphus. I. New species from India and China." volume="49" year="1989">Methven (1989)</bibRefCitation>
, combined with our field notes, including macro-morphology, growth habit, distribution, host plants and examination.
</paragraph>
<caption id="6F4594EBD7DB8871200E7ACF25E99D46" doi="10.3897/mycokeys.70.54149.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/437021" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
<paragraph id="FED98F158E61C0EFBC68F681B8F95927" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="D677F7BA32FFFB07346BF68E16CE259E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Figure 10.</emphasis>
Microscopic features of
<taxonomicName id="D1CFCD2751D59D47DF1E8A34FDB6BEC1" authorityName="Methven, Mem. New York Bot. Garden 49: 152" authorityYear="1989" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Clavariadelphaceae" genus="Clavariadelphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Clavariadelphus himalayensis" order="Gomphales" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
<emphasis id="0B8165E6A1E68EBB866C1CA561DB461F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Clavariadelphus himalayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(HKAS 58811).
<emphasis id="E7F437120D592A95F6BA2C50033FF7C7" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">a</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="08CB27B485DFDA348672F1937D260F44" genus="Leptocystidia" lsidName="Leptocystidia" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="genus">Leptocystidia</taxonomicName>
and immature basidia
<emphasis id="76F01D40A0D448C0FF66E90B8343EC65" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">b</emphasis>
Basidia.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8A38988E8B2133E4B8FB3CF67D6AAE49" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" type="description">
<paragraph id="B2C977891D4D7501AEDB220507E8F8E0" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56A598A84422FCF6077EA17841CC1C62" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">
<taxonomicName id="2AE811495A670105D3D6277EBF2F0502" genus="Basidiomes" lsidName="Basidiomes" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B6688F7324A782420D9F2A84C76C66EA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Basidiomes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
up to 15 cm high, 1-1.5 cm diam. basally, slightly enlarged towards to 2 cm diam., simple, narrow clavate, ligulate to spathulate, laterally compressed in mature specimens;
<emphasis id="1A5971FDFE606AA0CC842318D988AA9C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">hymenium</emphasis>
initially smooth, longitudinally rugose in age, greyish-red to pastel-red;
<emphasis id="684757AEE608ED51AF3C0DBB62E791F3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">apex</emphasis>
obtuse, smooth, concolorous with the hymenium; surface not staining where cut or bruised;
<emphasis id="A9F91F9986D8FE85CF202D172671B190" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">base</emphasis>
terete, smooth, pruinose, pallid-white;
<emphasis id="86AC1DE24054D0375BC1B08466A04148" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">mycelial hyphae</emphasis>
interwoven, white to pallid;
<emphasis id="00998D6E05B372D722DE9A223A68EC4A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">flesh</emphasis>
soft and spongy, hollow apically in age, white to cream colour, not staining on exposure.
<emphasis id="4BBFE121F7BA2FE6423C56683B6DA64B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Odour</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="BFD249EBBD0628D7A4172884F8A79F29" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">taste</emphasis>
not recorded.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1B6AA3607A373CF38B79CDC682D68970" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">
<emphasis id="3EBAC3C05597163A29DDF9ACD6ACD943" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Hymenium</emphasis>
extending over the apex of basidiomata, composed of basidia and leptocystidia.
<emphasis id="3C691F978414827933D13355DE92FAA0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Basidia</emphasis>
75-95
<normalizedToken id="CBC9FF3B5E3B141D384E126C825909BA" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
8-11
<normalizedToken id="07B36AF772653CF98E856510616CFBBC" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, clavate, hyaline, thin-walled, (2-) 4-spored, sterigmata 8-10
<normalizedToken id="AD4B28A652215E64337AFB3381879FB0" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
in length.
<emphasis id="1F5CCC66F7C7EB12AE8C2C62445CBEF8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Basidiospores</emphasis>
[20/1/1] (7.8-) 8.2- 9.4 (-9.6)
<normalizedToken id="EE15DA3F86CCD20662A1B74BA36968FC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(4.6-) 5.0-5.5 (-6.0)
<normalizedToken id="C8CCDAE86EDD9EAE1642104178B4A292" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
,
<emphasis id="0C8430F0EA57D32ABCA3E09451626B99" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Q</emphasis>
= 1.50-1.82 (-1.90),
<emphasis id="77FB1D28A7DAC1460460ACAFA9CDE35D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Q</emphasis>
m = 1.56
<normalizedToken id="998537BFBCC100B6AE1FA58ACE7A254F" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.08, ellipsoid to broadly ellipsoid or ovate, with a small apiculus, inamyloid, thin-walled, hyaline in KOH, smooth.
<taxonomicName id="0911639986A0E2A71F150E77ABB50D75" genus="Leptocystidia" lsidName="Leptocystidia" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FD1396DF3125DE76664F1269C60A5FA0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Leptocystidia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
50-70
<normalizedToken id="06A55B268B7EF73523CB494270F77CC4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2.5-3.5
<normalizedToken id="1B989B617D926FA15D02D197E113B5D4" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, scattered amongst and scarcely projecting beyond the basidia, cylindrical to narrowly clavate, thin-walled, smooth, hyaline, non-pigmented, clamped, inflated apically at maturity, at times with apical or subapical branches.
<emphasis id="39189A7BD78972913B8587CEA77B0648" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Mycelial hyphae</emphasis>
1-2 or 3-5
<normalizedToken id="B2B98847C49966E9406221FAC25363BD" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
diam., interwoven or aggregated into rhizomorphic strands, branched, clamped; walls thin or irregularly slightly thickened, the hyphal walls echinulate under light microscopy, covered nipple-shaped protuberances with SEM.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D3945F383DDAF1B8781E41AFE4E99114" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" type="chemical reactions">
<paragraph id="CF13B424ED1B08216E485FF797EE4CC0" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Chemical reactions.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="863D546DBB3E5BAA90FBFC83D5900892" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">
(dried basidiomes): KOH = positive, golden-yellow; FeCl3 = positive, green-yellow; NH4OH = positive, orange; ethanol, FeSO4,
<normalizedToken id="67ECA75662B57C418D3BA4043E51A15B" originalValue="Melzer’s">Melzer's</normalizedToken>
reagent and phenol = negative.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4DCDB4F5CCA860562606822D39FCC69" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="75A1A6B8D81A57066BB0DD64FDE53BF4" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Known distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CA39CF631B34BCD950E152D355DFF3FA" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">
SW China (in this study) and India (
<bibRefCitation id="77B7DC22F99DE8DD494682DF1671EA1D" author="Methven, AS" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" pagination="152 - 157" refId="B21" refString="Methven, AS, 1989. Notes on Clavariadelphus. I. New species from India and China. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 49: 152 - 157" title="Notes on Clavariadelphus. I. New species from India and China." volume="49" year="1989">Methven 1989</bibRefCitation>
). Solitary to gregarious habit on the ground in mixed woods at elevations above 3200 m.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D1B1212F61C3A51A7AA6FF058361C8B5" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="C6992FB82BEA938830708AFE429C198A" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Materials examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="402655177EB43DB1ACFE0BFE9B7FD39F" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">
China. Yunnan Province: Shangri-La Prefecture, mixed coniferous (
<taxonomicName id="58352FBCF07A5C0D9A674AD847260586" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32E4EC4D67AC70535F230F517EAA8954" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Pinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp.) and broad-leaved forests (
<taxonomicName id="4FC20322AAAF500125665B4A7B7BD1B2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Caragana" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Caragana" order="Fabales" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BA58B2106D94FAD31049E2BCF662EEE1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Caragana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp., dwarf
<taxonomicName id="4E38FBD76962546427310CE6A33F0A04" authorityName="Hand - Mazz" authorityYear="1929" baseAuthorityName="Hand - Mazz" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus monimotricha" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monimotricha">
<emphasis id="1115D66A10BB8EA2E8A75D16FAAEC50E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Quercus monimotricha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="5632E958BBA13C43B517383B4E6F6DB2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Sanguisorba" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sanguisorba" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D01CA5D796939ACA7A5343FD930C5CF7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Sanguisorba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp.),
<geoCoordinate id="DD844046CC6E07B394B953B29432EEFC" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="28.55" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="27.475834">27°28.55'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="AAECD2CE92910A87B3F3178A0CA7AB09" degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="53.05" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="99.88416">99°53.05'E</geoCoordinate>
, alt. 3280 m, 27 June 2006,
<emphasis id="FBB8020EECF0773B5279D2ACDEAE84BD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Z.W. Ge 1113</emphasis>
(HKAS 50684). Lijiang Prefecture, mixed conifers, alt. 3300 m, 27 August 2009,
<emphasis id="1BC2688DEB2B3CC28D8390A43D725F5B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Q. Cai 146</emphasis>
(HKAS 58811).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B054D9B426C88015DA49907295B9F01D" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" type="comments">
<paragraph id="F040E0462E3DE566780C23AD24324440" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0DF791EB646D0639CA8F59518986A8B0" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">
<taxonomicName id="69AD615D164861F1696BA8F49507D18E" authorityName="Methven, Mem. New York Bot. Garden 49: 152" authorityYear="1989" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Clavariadelphaceae" genus="Clavariadelphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Clavariadelphus himalayensis" order="Gomphales" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
<emphasis id="F28851278A92645D0E52B383616FCE8A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Clavariadelphus himalayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally described from India (
<bibRefCitation id="4457B437DF8596789AEF0FF7D2B6B746" author="Methven, AS" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" pagination="152 - 157" refId="B21" refString="Methven, AS, 1989. Notes on Clavariadelphus. I. New species from India and China. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 49: 152 - 157" title="Notes on Clavariadelphus. I. New species from India and China." volume="49" year="1989">Methven 1989</bibRefCitation>
). It is the first report from China. Chinese collections match the original descriptions except for slightly smaller basidiospores (8.2-9.4
<normalizedToken id="2DC3487970C5FF0D1B6CD6EF78F2F5D6" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5.0-5.5
<normalizedToken id="473E4137B6D976BA1478B41196E20CFA" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
). The difference in basidiospore size might be from measurement error or the collections being from different geographical regions.
<taxonomicName id="17AE51483F4711F234D9967798C80BBA" authorityName="Methven, Mem. New York Bot. Garden 49: 152" authorityYear="1989" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Clavariadelphaceae" genus="Clavariadelphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Clavariadelphus himalayensis" order="Gomphales" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
<emphasis id="BD162F8C509FBDA9C6B5836FFB86D78C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Clavariadelphus himalayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinct by its pastel-red to greyish-red, ligulate to spathulate basidiomes flesh that does not stain where bruised or cut, broadly ellipsoid basidiospores (9-11
<normalizedToken id="D874A7316E81006AEB5065CBC60C24EA" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5-6
<normalizedToken id="78C3161C98D9A3BB547435C52E21EBF9" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
from the holotype;
<bibRefCitation id="71F764341283A195E9F20F9C624EFE2F" author="Methven, AS" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" pagination="152 - 157" refId="B21" refString="Methven, AS, 1989. Notes on Clavariadelphus. I. New species from India and China. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 49: 152 - 157" title="Notes on Clavariadelphus. I. New species from India and China." volume="49" year="1989">Methven 1989</bibRefCitation>
), hyphae of the basal mycelium with nipple-shaped protuberances and a negative reaction with phenol. Other taxa from Asia, which might be confused with
<taxonomicName id="9302E1B9FE5F00B4546BBAFACAF878E8" lsidName="C. himalayensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
<emphasis id="DD8AAB7FE1B5DFD2D8ED3A6617CC7176" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">C. himalayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
include
<taxonomicName id="B2A64AF130DB4AA3B8F755123AD4185B" lsidName="C. mirus" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="mirus">
<emphasis id="0F8C2CDC958030BE868CFC5A0DB2FD80" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">C. mirus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Pat.) Corner and
<taxonomicName id="0E98A99621F206B24D5A3EB65969BD35" lsidName="C. yunnanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">
<emphasis id="FEC08450F14B9E27901CCC8DAF6BD233" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">C. yunnanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Although similar in size to those of
<taxonomicName id="6ECADC33FDC1BBC95C18C170392D9AC0" lsidName="C. himalayensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
<emphasis id="971D1F8C956AEB8DCC4CCB26E03A80D8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">C. himalayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the basidiomes of
<taxonomicName id="5CB5588E0219C2EB1605EA7710929BCD" lsidName="C. mirus" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="mirus">
<emphasis id="090E8A266CC7B2B106C730025EB5FF7C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">C. mirus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are light brown to brown and produce broadly ovate, larger basidiospores (10-13
<normalizedToken id="3148A898EC75ED1B446DA672AD674ACA" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6-8
<normalizedToken id="1AC28EA2018FB16B06CC633BCC4A400F" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
;
<bibRefCitation id="A40CA9C706C7B4D7B1E9DF819ACB93D0" author="Methven, AS" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" refId="B22" refString="Methven, AS, 1990. The genus Clavariadelphus in North America. J. Cramer, Berlin, Stuttgart." title="The genus Clavariadelphus in North America. J. Cramer, Berlin, Stuttgart." year="1990">Methven 1990</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="8C69EB1A259E9882D73E9BBB5A831589" authorityName="Methven, Mem. New York Bot. Garden 49: 156" authorityYear="1989" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Clavariadelphaceae" genus="Clavariadelphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Clavariadelphus yunnanensis" order="Gomphales" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">
<emphasis id="FE27031272A4C5B1083A2EC30E4B0ECC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Clavariadelphus yunnanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, known from northern India and SW China, is distinct by its larger basidiomes that are light brown, larger basidiospores (10-13.5
<normalizedToken id="5E26176E0D1ADBE3D41411C460858485" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6.5-8
<normalizedToken id="B37717ED2D968C74E95C1627EED326F9" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
), hyphae of the basal mycelium covered by massive nipple-shaped protuberances and a light yellow staining reaction with phenol. Additionally, the flesh of
<taxonomicName id="28C9D71D04716C5B3C050F170A52D349" lsidName="C. himalayensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
<emphasis id="C1190338460801C57305DC0D768A66E5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">C. himalayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not stain where bruised or cut, whereas the flesh of
<taxonomicName id="26B358E180DC8893FAB8D5B6E64CF6C2" lsidName="C. mirus" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="mirus">
<emphasis id="587D14F20C06D15B01DBD6E289449214" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">C. mirus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="01F148CAD1ACC58481E16C25D34D25F9" lsidName="C. yunnanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="yunnanensis">
<emphasis id="8A15D7158C9FF8A8644B25A7B1746442" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">C. yunnanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
slowly stains brunnescent to russet on exposure.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D3E96C3A035386247EDC8A57D5C975D" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">
The phylogenetic analyses show that
<taxonomicName id="72B4B8038D9350D7C2DCA03D760E7EB9" lsidName="C. himalayensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="himalayensis">
<emphasis id="F3489EEB03FD526AD2B85DDE3DEFF74B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">C. himalayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is allied with the sequence of &quot;
<taxonomicName id="A514B4BF0CBCFFFBC891AFB74DDED784" lsidName="C. pistillaris" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="pistillaris">
<emphasis id="488C1EB1CE9EC2220856C1918210CFC2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">C. pistillaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot; and
<taxonomicName id="3134D2BEBDB07D546BF50D753BC5471C" authorityName="Donk" authorityYear="1933" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Clavariadelphaceae" genus="Clavariadelphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Clavariadelphus" order="Gomphales" pageId="0" pageNumber="89" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2DB01F8BBE74FCDE5FEAA2753B4FF673" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">Clavariadelphus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(JQ991679 from Zhejiang Province, China) from GenBank with weak support (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F5685C8BAD1B6C8BC18676FFB07D8230" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogenetic tree of Clavariadelphus based on ITS sequence data. RAxML BP values (≥ 50 %) are shown above branches, Bayesian posterior probabilities (≥ 0.90) are shown above branches; new taxa are marked in red." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.70.54149.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/437012" pageId="0" pageNumber="89">1</figureCitation>
). More data are needed for understanding the phylogenetic relationship of the three species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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