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<mods:title id="6A015BA6BAD0330C0A608538EC423AB1">A revision of the extant species of Theodoxus (Gastropoda, Neritidae) in Asia, with the description of three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="36D04B0CB6B6C4595AEFB8A3441C8D3C">Sands, Arthur F</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A381501336D946549C413F1F91D4E46F">Gloeer, Peter</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="4E374F415E0F8B7505387EC34FBBBF26">Biodiversity Research Laboratory, Hetlingen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CA440F5FA56B4A13814D5786D4A8B433">Guerlek, Mustafa E</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FC0F6DC9F98E9006A4B6AB8004F604C9">Mehmet Akif Ersoy niversity, Burdur, Turkey</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="999DE2D7C85933DFA10345064C46B8FD">Neubauer, Thomas A</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="A185AFE24AA551278669452B0925B575" ID-GBIF-Taxon="161939046" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A185AFE24AA551278669452B0925B575" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A185AFE24AA551278669452B0925B575" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" scope_class="Gastropoda" scope_family="Neritidae" scope_subFamily="Neritininae" scope_superFamily="Neritoidea">
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<taxonomicName id="D232ABCA9C386999886BFB574D325A7E" ID-CoL="7TCK2" LSID="A185AFE2-4AA5-5127-8669-452B0925B575" authority="(G. B. Sowerby I, 1836)" baseAuthorityName="G. B. Sowerby I" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus jordani" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jordani">Theodoxus jordani (G.B. Sowerby I, 1836)</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="2E464572D12E2985AB328661BCE3A2B4" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Theodoxus jordani (G. B. Sowerby I, 1836). A - D. Specimen from the Avakas Gorge, Peyia, Cyprus (UGSB 18321) incorporated into the phylogeny (Fig. 2); E - H. Specimen collected in the Ceyhan River, Eski Misis, Adana, Turkey (UGSB 20777); I - L. Specimen from the Orontes River, Antakya, Hatay, Turkey (UGSB 24175) used in the phylogeny (Fig. 2); M - O. Specimen (T. euphraticus - morphotype) from the Seyed Hosein Park spring, near the Bishapur, Fars, Iran (UGSB 22233); P - R. Topotype of N. jordani from the River Jordan, Israel (UGSB 24177) incorporated into the phylogeny (Fig. 2); S, T. Specimen (T. euphraticus - morphotype) from the Karun River, Ahvaz, Iran (UGSB 21681); U. Specimen (T. niloticus - morphotype) collected in the Nile River, Egypt (UGSB 24178) used in the phylogeny (Fig. 2); V. Specimen (T. euphraticus - morphotype) from the Karun River, Ahvaz, Iran (UGSB 21682). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376464" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Figures 15A-V</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="4A4F5877C88FB52C85CA30163737E5D0" captionStart="Figure 16" captionStartId="F16" captionText="Figure 16. Theodoxus jordani (G. B. Sowerby I, 1836). A, B. Syntype of N. euphratica from the Euphrates River at Samawah, Iraq (ZMZ 528916); C - E. Syntype of N. michonii from Syria (MHNG-MOLL- 111706); F - H. Syntype of N. karasuna collected from the Karasu River, south-eastern Turkey (ZMZ 528937); I, J; K, L. Two syntypes of N. ponsoti from Lake Muzayrīb, Syria (MNHN-IM- 2000 - 32754); M. Syntype (labelled as paratype) of N. ponsoti from Lake Muzayrīb (MT 820, RBINS); N. Syntype of N. jordani var. turris collected in the Sea of Galilee (ZMZ 528930); O, P. Syntype of N. bellardii from the Litani River, Beqaa valley, Lebanon (ZMZ 528918). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376465" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">, 16A-P</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="144D0E39BCB6CFDCB0DAD45EF7E92A4D" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Theodoxus jordani (G. B. Sowerby I, 1836). A - C. Syntype of N. meridionalis var. mesopotamica from near Diyarbakir, Turkey (ZMZ 528914); D, E. Specimen (T. mesopotamicus - morphotype) collected in Sanliurfa, Turkey (UGSB 23426) and used in the phylogeny (Fig. 2); F - H; K - M. Two syntypes of N. cinctella collected at the source of River Chabur near Ras al-Ayn, Syria (ZMB / Moll 21732); I, J. Topotype of N. cinctella from the same locality (UGSB 18762). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376466" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">, 17A-J</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<taxonomicName id="71756F2011860515A58D404D66043C85" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Neritina</taxonomicName>
Jordani G.B. Sowerby 
<date id="8A22C8A98BB9F76E6690ED9B038B91F8" value="1836-01">I 1836</date>
: 4, pl. 99, fig. 49; G.B. Sowerby 
<date id="A835EED4D9D9AEEB28FA883155BCE1C1" value="1849-02">II 1849</date>
: 531, pl. 115, figs 213-215; 
<bibRefCitation id="508B436DB51A82C630C0ED880BFB7779" author="Bourguignat, JR" journalOrPublisher="Baudry, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k99038p/f1.item" refId="B31" refString="Bourguignat, JR, 1853. Catalogue raisonne des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles recueillis par M. F. de Saulcy pendant son voyage en Orient. Gide et J. Baudry, Paris, http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k99038p/f1.item" title="Catalogue raisonne des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles recueillis par M. F. de Saulcy pendant son voyage en Orient. Gide et J." url="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k99038p/f1.item" year="1853">Bourguignat 1853</bibRefCitation>
: 69; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF779AA644E6120B5FD40D00F219C69B" author="Martens, Ev" journalOrPublisher="Bauer &amp; Raspe, Nuernberg" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" refId="B99" refString="Martens, Ev, 1879. Die Gattung Neritina. - Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz 2 (10). Bauer &amp; Raspe, Nuernberg, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" title="Die Gattung Neritina. - Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz 2 (10)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" year="1879">Martens 1879</bibRefCitation>
: 84-86, pl. 2, figs 14-16; 
<bibRefCitation id="642007A58510FF9AB05BFA05D66FF965" author="Kobelt, W" journalOrPublisher="Aquila" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" refId="B83" refString="Kobelt, W, 1899. Iconographie der Land- &amp; Suesswasser-Mollusken mit vorzueglicher Beruecksichtigung der europaeischen noch nicht abgebildeten Arten von E. A. Rossmaessler. VIII. Band. C. W. Kreidel, Wiesbaden, 1-11. [pls 211-240] https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" title="Iconographie der Land- &amp; Suesswasser-Mollusken mit vorzueglicher Beruecksichtigung der europaeischen noch nicht abgebildeten Arten von E. A. Rossmaessler. VIII. Band. C. W. Kreidel, Wiesbaden, 1 - 11. [pls 211 - 240]" url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" year="1899">Kobelt 1899</bibRefCitation>
: 2-3, pl. 211, fig. 1319 (as &quot; 
<taxonomicName id="80F6DACE1BACC92409B31AA5B5051E8B" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="N. jordanica" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jordanica">N. jordanica</taxonomicName>
&quot; in figure caption).
</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="C42E7395B45F16E5A0E531E4C56FC497" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Neritina</taxonomicName>
Michonii 
<bibRefCitation id="7360D310A027210972F06F412A693759" author="Bourguignat, JR" journalOrPublisher="Bailliere, Lutetia" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k99037b.image" refId="B30" refString="Bourguignat, JR, 1852. Testacea novissima quae Cl. de Saulcy in itinere per Orientem annis 1850 et 1851, collegit. J.-B. Bailliere, Lutetia, https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k99037b.image" title="Testacea novissima quae Cl. de Saulcy in itinere per Orientem annis 1850 et 1851, collegit. J. - B." url="https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k99037b.image" year="1852">Bourguignat 1852</bibRefCitation>
: 25; 
<bibRefCitation id="E8BC32AF5A68BA32799F13504F642AC9" author="Bourguignat, JR" journalOrPublisher="Baudry, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k99038p/f1.item" refId="B31" refString="Bourguignat, JR, 1853. Catalogue raisonne des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles recueillis par M. F. de Saulcy pendant son voyage en Orient. Gide et J. Baudry, Paris, http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k99038p/f1.item" title="Catalogue raisonne des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles recueillis par M. F. de Saulcy pendant son voyage en Orient. Gide et J." url="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k99038p/f1.item" year="1853">Bourguignat 1853</bibRefCitation>
: 70, pl. 2, figs 48-51.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F543304D47FA33EE7AD1C4FA7A3DA8B8" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="467BE809E292E495ED42E1BF22E5AC43" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Neritina</taxonomicName>
Bellardii 
<bibRefCitation id="8A8A43F354E7392428CEDD0222927E56" author="Mousson, A" journalOrPublisher="Zurcher et Furrer, Zuerich" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47588377" refId="B109" refString="Mousson, A, 1854. Coquilles terrestres et fluviatiles recueillies par M. le prof Bellardi dans un voyage en Orient. Zurcher et Furrer, Zuerich, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47588377" title="Coquilles terrestres et fluviatiles recueillies par M. le prof Bellardi dans un voyage en Orient." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/47588377" year="1854">Mousson 1854</bibRefCitation>
: 52-53.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="292C1D117458E2C13DA81955ED7C3DF0" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
? 
<taxonomicName id="8122C5FB91DB3CD1866F94092F13FAEB" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Neritina</taxonomicName>
Africana 
<bibRefCitation id="ABFBDB29705E5B249B1E80485DEAE815" author="Reeve, LA" journalOrPublisher="The Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9141496" refId="B134" refString="Reeve, LA, 1856. Monograph of the genus Neritina. In: Reeve LA (Ed.) Conchologia iconica: or, Illustrations of the shells of molluscous animals. Vol. 4. Privately published, London. [1-37 pls. and unpaginated index] https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9141496" title="Monograph of the genus Neritina. In: Reeve LA (Ed.) Conchologia iconica: or, Illustrations of the shells of molluscous animals. Vol. 4. Privately published, London. [1 - 37 pls. and unpaginated index]" url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9141496" year="1856">Reeve 1856</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 30, fig. 138a, b.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E1067CF127458C4E424F50431CD172A8" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="AB2FBA44A6D1E95E602CBFEA81B516B4" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Neritina</taxonomicName>
Nilotica 
<bibRefCitation id="E62119CA1D9E7C7819141104925B2D28" author="Reeve, LA" journalOrPublisher="The Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9141496" refId="B134" refString="Reeve, LA, 1856. Monograph of the genus Neritina. In: Reeve LA (Ed.) Conchologia iconica: or, Illustrations of the shells of molluscous animals. Vol. 4. Privately published, London. [1-37 pls. and unpaginated index] https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9141496" title="Monograph of the genus Neritina. In: Reeve LA (Ed.) Conchologia iconica: or, Illustrations of the shells of molluscous animals. Vol. 4. Privately published, London. [1 - 37 pls. and unpaginated index]" url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9141496" year="1856">Reeve 1856</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 34, fig. 157a, b; 
<bibRefCitation id="FA045FFF7CC12E025174139F29E2266A" author="Martens, Ev" journalOrPublisher="Bauer &amp; Raspe, Nuernberg" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" refId="B99" refString="Martens, Ev, 1879. Die Gattung Neritina. - Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz 2 (10). Bauer &amp; Raspe, Nuernberg, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" title="Die Gattung Neritina. - Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz 2 (10)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" year="1879">Martens 1879</bibRefCitation>
: 82-83, pl. 2, figs 17-19, pl. 13, figs 14-16; 
<bibRefCitation id="7D68949D5C79EEE78E9032B0B61CCB1B" author="Kobelt, W" journalOrPublisher="Aquila" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" refId="B83" refString="Kobelt, W, 1899. Iconographie der Land- &amp; Suesswasser-Mollusken mit vorzueglicher Beruecksichtigung der europaeischen noch nicht abgebildeten Arten von E. A. Rossmaessler. VIII. Band. C. W. Kreidel, Wiesbaden, 1-11. [pls 211-240] https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" title="Iconographie der Land- &amp; Suesswasser-Mollusken mit vorzueglicher Beruecksichtigung der europaeischen noch nicht abgebildeten Arten von E. A. Rossmaessler. VIII. Band. C. W. Kreidel, Wiesbaden, 1 - 11. [pls 211 - 240]" url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" year="1899">Kobelt 1899</bibRefCitation>
: 2, pl. 211, fig. 1317.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="53FED8E6F0F006003BD29C39FFE70569" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="CEC1D2610341B34677F0112AEC817363" authorityName="Sowerby" authorityYear="1832" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina Jordani" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="Jordani">Neritina Jordani</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="625968D5CF443F2F0C0EDAB0CF1CB1D0" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="var. turris" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="Jordani" variety="turris">var. turris</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="ACCB54CF64D5D24B871D3CD2D53A8342" author="Mousson, A" journalOrPublisher="Zurcher et Furrer, Zuerich" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8742661" refId="B110" refString="Mousson, A, 1861. Coquilles terrestres et fluviatiles recueillies par M. le Prof. J. R. Roth dans son dernier voyage en Orient. Vierteljahrsschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zuerich 6: 1-34, 124-156. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8742661" title="Coquilles terrestres et fluviatiles recueillies par M. le Prof. J. R. Roth dans son dernier voyage en Orient. Vierteljahrsschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zuerich 6: 1 - 34, 124 - 156." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8742661" year="1861">Mousson 1861</bibRefCitation>
: 151-152; 
<bibRefCitation id="212B81EA7C0BCE64316E7BE0CAB34176" author="Kobelt, W" journalOrPublisher="Aquila" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" refId="B83" refString="Kobelt, W, 1899. Iconographie der Land- &amp; Suesswasser-Mollusken mit vorzueglicher Beruecksichtigung der europaeischen noch nicht abgebildeten Arten von E. A. Rossmaessler. VIII. Band. C. W. Kreidel, Wiesbaden, 1-11. [pls 211-240] https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" title="Iconographie der Land- &amp; Suesswasser-Mollusken mit vorzueglicher Beruecksichtigung der europaeischen noch nicht abgebildeten Arten von E. A. Rossmaessler. VIII. Band. C. W. Kreidel, Wiesbaden, 1 - 11. [pls 211 - 240]" url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" year="1899">Kobelt 1899</bibRefCitation>
: 3, pl. 211, fig. 1320.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="453F629BF424D95AC6FC5F5E68914208" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="E0187AB250ED5243FFCBA0E7F3C0CC63" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Neritina</taxonomicName>
Karasuna 
<bibRefCitation id="1CFBFDF67C2E2217DF3910F6FD3BE81E" author="Mousson, A" journalOrPublisher="Journal de Conchyliologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="5 - 60" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15661760" refId="B111" refString="Mousson, A, 1874. Coquilles terrestres et fluviatiles recueillies par M. le Dr Alex. Schlaefli en Orient. Journal de Conchyliologie 22 (1): 5 - 60, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15661760" title="Coquilles terrestres et fluviatiles recueillies par M. le Dr Alex. Schlaefli en Orient." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15661760" volume="22" year="1874">Mousson 1874</bibRefCitation>
: 34-35; 
<bibRefCitation id="8E72DCB8A8AB6CED43C1876CDC4F50E9" author="Blanckenhorn, M" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontographica" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="71 - 144" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33130542" refId="B25" refString="Blanckenhorn, M, 1897. Zur Kenntnis der Suesswasserablagerungen und Mollusken Syriens. Palaeontographica 44: 71 - 144, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33130542" title="Zur Kenntnis der Suesswasserablagerungen und Mollusken Syriens." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33130542" volume="44" year="1897">Blanckenhorn 1897</bibRefCitation>
: 101-102, pl. 8, figs 6-8.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="59966A7B3F9E7AC45CBCD69FDD533E97" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="808E0F2198C2FD10D4172D6AD5D1D625" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina meridionalis" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="meridionalis">Neritina meridionalis</taxonomicName>
var. 
<taxonomicName id="3FB0C2216ADD8DDAFBB6736E8C1264D2" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="var. Mesopotamica" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="meridionalis" variety="Mesopotamica">Mesopotamica</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="103808F8169DE1A80092F9B912A2AA96" author="Mousson, A" journalOrPublisher="Journal de Conchyliologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="5 - 60" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15661760" refId="B111" refString="Mousson, A, 1874. Coquilles terrestres et fluviatiles recueillies par M. le Dr Alex. Schlaefli en Orient. Journal de Conchyliologie 22 (1): 5 - 60, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15661760" title="Coquilles terrestres et fluviatiles recueillies par M. le Dr Alex. Schlaefli en Orient." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15661760" volume="22" year="1874">Mousson 1874</bibRefCitation>
: 35.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7835AD14DB4604B472A9E8C9B4B10D4D" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="7EFE86893743242A7E8DD663B99985A4" authorityName="Mousson" authorityYear="1874" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina Euphratica" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="Euphratica">Neritina Euphratica</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="041D8B78CDA08B6BF7F536B626D57A5E" author="Mousson, A" journalOrPublisher="Journal de Conchyliologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="5 - 60" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15661760" refId="B111" refString="Mousson, A, 1874. Coquilles terrestres et fluviatiles recueillies par M. le Dr Alex. Schlaefli en Orient. Journal de Conchyliologie 22 (1): 5 - 60, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15661760" title="Coquilles terrestres et fluviatiles recueillies par M. le Dr Alex. Schlaefli en Orient." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15661760" volume="22" year="1874">Mousson 1874</bibRefCitation>
: 49; 
<bibRefCitation id="8BCF0FDA476D398F7E5CCBBFC2301CCE" author="Kobelt, W" journalOrPublisher="Aquila" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" refId="B83" refString="Kobelt, W, 1899. Iconographie der Land- &amp; Suesswasser-Mollusken mit vorzueglicher Beruecksichtigung der europaeischen noch nicht abgebildeten Arten von E. A. Rossmaessler. VIII. Band. C. W. Kreidel, Wiesbaden, 1-11. [pls 211-240] https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" title="Iconographie der Land- &amp; Suesswasser-Mollusken mit vorzueglicher Beruecksichtigung der europaeischen noch nicht abgebildeten Arten von E. A. Rossmaessler. VIII. Band. C. W. Kreidel, Wiesbaden, 1 - 11. [pls 211 - 240]" url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" year="1899">Kobelt 1899</bibRefCitation>
: 2, pl. 211, fig. 1318.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DDD75A5B8F2B1094252C11846956AC52" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="3DB4BC0C732BFE5452F36C71025F8FCD" authorityName="Recluz" authorityYear="1841" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina Anatolica" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="Anatolica">Neritina Anatolica</taxonomicName>
var. 
<taxonomicName id="89AD6D6772ECAE422C47AAEBC6F63214" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="var. Mesopotamica" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="Anatolica" variety="Mesopotamica">Mesopotamica</taxonomicName>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="8D9B88B8428067B9670347C348AFA82C" author="Martens, Ev" journalOrPublisher="Novitates Conchologicae, Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 127" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12980992" refId="B98" refString="Martens, Ev, 1874. Ueber vorderasiatische Conchylien nach den Sammlungen des Prof. Hausknecht. Novitates Conchologicae, Supplement 5: 1 - 127, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12980992" title="Ueber vorderasiatische Conchylien nach den Sammlungen des Prof. Hausknecht." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12980992" volume="5" year="1874">Martens 1874</bibRefCitation>
: 33-34, pl. 5, fig. 42.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="366C3374220A5ACEBD0FD9A10E52BEA5" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="D05C550554F0AF476C62C19B6A301636" authorityName="Martens" authorityYear="1874" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina cinctella" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cinctella">Neritina cinctella</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="FFE18DC6AD0B7E69A52677984037CF73" author="Martens, Ev" journalOrPublisher="Novitates Conchologicae, Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 127" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12980992" refId="B98" refString="Martens, Ev, 1874. Ueber vorderasiatische Conchylien nach den Sammlungen des Prof. Hausknecht. Novitates Conchologicae, Supplement 5: 1 - 127, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12980992" title="Ueber vorderasiatische Conchylien nach den Sammlungen des Prof. Hausknecht." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12980992" volume="5" year="1874">Martens 1874</bibRefCitation>
: 34, pl. 5, fig. 43; 
<bibRefCitation id="33BE073DADDEDFD27F3B32923D0D694E" author="Martens, Ev" journalOrPublisher="Bauer &amp; Raspe, Nuernberg" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" refId="B99" refString="Martens, Ev, 1879. Die Gattung Neritina. - Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz 2 (10). Bauer &amp; Raspe, Nuernberg, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" title="Die Gattung Neritina. - Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz 2 (10)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" year="1879">Martens 1879</bibRefCitation>
: 91, pl. 13, figs 22-24; 
<bibRefCitation id="3C08A7B4B0E395D603D98D0F8C605FE0" author="Kobelt, W" journalOrPublisher="Aquila" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" refId="B83" refString="Kobelt, W, 1899. Iconographie der Land- &amp; Suesswasser-Mollusken mit vorzueglicher Beruecksichtigung der europaeischen noch nicht abgebildeten Arten von E. A. Rossmaessler. VIII. Band. C. W. Kreidel, Wiesbaden, 1-11. [pls 211-240] https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" title="Iconographie der Land- &amp; Suesswasser-Mollusken mit vorzueglicher Beruecksichtigung der europaeischen noch nicht abgebildeten Arten von E. A. Rossmaessler. VIII. Band. C. W. Kreidel, Wiesbaden, 1 - 11. [pls 211 - 240]" url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" year="1899">Kobelt 1899</bibRefCitation>
: 4-5, pl. 211, fig. 1326.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B98CFAB30E72491A770FE0737FCC200B" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="43112A26B66FE5D49BBBED2C77A5974D" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Neritina</taxonomicName>
Macrii [sic]: 
<bibRefCitation id="70A281DF15EE1FE5A704C2DA7C201014" author="Martens, Ev" journalOrPublisher="Bauer &amp; Raspe, Nuernberg" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" refId="B99" refString="Martens, Ev, 1879. Die Gattung Neritina. - Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz 2 (10). Bauer &amp; Raspe, Nuernberg, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" title="Die Gattung Neritina. - Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz 2 (10)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" year="1879">Martens 1879</bibRefCitation>
: 88-90, pl. 4, figs 11-13, pl. 13, figs 27-29 (
<emphasis id="4F7CA7515A6CDCDAA2DFA7797D10EDF1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">non</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B60367B188B46C8F6E54A28B2FF83DEE" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina macri" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="macri">Neritina macri</taxonomicName>
G.B. Sowerby 
<collectionCode id="4B6F785383B5FE26D9BD5272E0992D79">II</collectionCode>
, 1849; partim, non pl. 13, fig. 13).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3A5C33417E292C9E3BD11EC677EAAC43" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="951FF005D8E610F09F251C0E7086BDA0" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina Mesopotamica" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="Mesopotamica">Neritina Mesopotamica</taxonomicName>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="4F6692A22E5D7A56456531F08CEB9F53" author="Martens, Ev" journalOrPublisher="Bauer &amp; Raspe, Nuernberg" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" refId="B99" refString="Martens, Ev, 1879. Die Gattung Neritina. - Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz 2 (10). Bauer &amp; Raspe, Nuernberg, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" title="Die Gattung Neritina. - Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz 2 (10)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" year="1879">Martens 1879</bibRefCitation>
: 90, pl. 13, figs 20, 21; 
<bibRefCitation id="6121034C22DD883DD026BCE56AFE5EFA" author="Kobelt, W" journalOrPublisher="Aquila" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" refId="B83" refString="Kobelt, W, 1899. Iconographie der Land- &amp; Suesswasser-Mollusken mit vorzueglicher Beruecksichtigung der europaeischen noch nicht abgebildeten Arten von E. A. Rossmaessler. VIII. Band. C. W. Kreidel, Wiesbaden, 1-11. [pls 211-240] https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" title="Iconographie der Land- &amp; Suesswasser-Mollusken mit vorzueglicher Beruecksichtigung der europaeischen noch nicht abgebildeten Arten von E. A. Rossmaessler. VIII. Band. C. W. Kreidel, Wiesbaden, 1 - 11. [pls 211 - 240]" url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16299729" year="1899">Kobelt 1899</bibRefCitation>
: 4, pl. 211, fig. 1325.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3FA688F04C9A77F36F99F474DDFF6F69" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="5F923767E1EFAE06EAAEB082F36951CA" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Neritina</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="7E0991464E84E7C41F2726C4F2C7999B" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Theodoxia</taxonomicName>
) Jordani 
<taxonomicName id="B5286D2DC034F47294EA4E3B2A99704A" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="var. aberrans" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="Mesopotamica" variety="aberrans">var. aberrans</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="5ADBEBDC0D9FDB7ECA8125CF69C0D447" author="Dautzenberg, P" journalOrPublisher="Revue biologique du nord de la France" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="329 - 353" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10877573" refId="B42" refString="Dautzenberg, P, 1894. Liste des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles recueillis par M. Th. Barrois en Palestine et en Syrie. Revue biologique du nord de la France 6: 329 - 353, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10877573" title="Liste des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles recueillis par M. Th. Barrois en Palestine et en Syrie." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/10877573" volume="6" year="1894">Dautzenberg 1894</bibRefCitation>
: 351.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9B07A44444FB1345B0874DB11256C4E" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="668E1B0B2B57C89B732F9CF31C6CB3CD" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Neritina</taxonomicName>
Orontis 
<bibRefCitation id="398C29F9B2525DF308C876563082BC71" author="Blanckenhorn, M" journalOrPublisher="Palaeontographica" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="71 - 144" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33130542" refId="B25" refString="Blanckenhorn, M, 1897. Zur Kenntnis der Suesswasserablagerungen und Mollusken Syriens. Palaeontographica 44: 71 - 144, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33130542" title="Zur Kenntnis der Suesswasserablagerungen und Mollusken Syriens." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33130542" volume="44" year="1897">Blanckenhorn 1897</bibRefCitation>
: 101, pl. 8, figs 3-5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A04A933E39662E549BCC5A2F6C264801" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="12C3D370C49BC026210EDFFF8C83E9D0" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxia" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Theodoxia</taxonomicName>
Macrii [sic]: 
<bibRefCitation id="37DF231F42EAFBAC8CD0F275D08C9B3A" author="Germain, L" journalOrPublisher="Bailliere et fils, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13187112" refId="B59" refString="Germain, L, 1921. Mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de Syrie. Tome premier - Introduction et Gasteropodes. J.-B. Bailliere et fils, Paris, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13187112" title="Mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de Syrie. Tome premier - Introduction et Gasteropodes. J. - B." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13187112" year="1921">Germain 1921</bibRefCitation>
: 516-518 (
<emphasis id="0F8ADA46EFF8A31C55ECADB8A9287A81" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">non</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="EBC8C54CE2949741CCCF29265F5CEA61" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina macri" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="macri">Neritina macri</taxonomicName>
G.B. Sowerby 
<collectionCode id="8278C57E18E21ABDFA1B77A464E2FC45">II</collectionCode>
, 1849).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C4ED02ABDB9CABB570A7AAD6560B0715" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="A6E92139DB8529616196926B1CC5533A" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxia jordani" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jordani">Theodoxia jordani</taxonomicName>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="0945816939C595BFB55287EF31E6B96C" author="Germain, L" journalOrPublisher="Bailliere et fils, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13187112" refId="B59" refString="Germain, L, 1921. Mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de Syrie. Tome premier - Introduction et Gasteropodes. J.-B. Bailliere et fils, Paris, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13187112" title="Mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de Syrie. Tome premier - Introduction et Gasteropodes. J. - B." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13187112" year="1921">Germain 1921</bibRefCitation>
: 511-514.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C611BEAA91A5AAE43DAC2E2E78E4AA51" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="0EE36F7E2E927ACF7708C385B4D858EC" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Neritina</taxonomicName>
Ponsoti 
<bibRefCitation id="6631CAB2418301EEF9EEC29F56E806D1" author="Pallary, P" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, deuxieme serie" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="286 - 290" publicationUrl="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5532113m/f44.image.r" refId="B117" refString="Pallary, P, 1930. Mollusques aquatiques nouveaux du Levant. Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, deuxieme serie 2 (3): 286 - 290, http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5532113m/f44.image.r" title="Mollusques aquatiques nouveaux du Levant." url="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k5532113m/f44.image.r" volume="2" year="1930">Pallary 1930</bibRefCitation>
: 286-287, fig. 1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9977C0B2192023E75D53EE9118566C51" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="5570AEC8A76AA8C4F166ADEFD730E668" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus jordani var. unicarinatus" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="jordani" variety="unicarinatus">Theodoxus (Neritaea) jordani var. unicarinatus</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="DBDA55FFE7AB9F7C70C07F1D56DA6272" author="Picard, L" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="105 - 139" publicationUrl="http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/Archiv-fuer-Molluskenkunde_66_0105-0139.pdf" refId="B122" refString="Picard, L, 1934. Mollusken der levantinischen Stufe Nordpalaestinas (Jordantal). Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde 66 (3): 105 - 139, http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/Archiv-fuer-Molluskenkunde_66_0105-0139.pdf" title="Mollusken der levantinischen Stufe Nordpalaestinas (Jordantal)." url="http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/Archiv-fuer-Molluskenkunde_66_0105-0139.pdf" volume="66" year="1934">Picard 1934</bibRefCitation>
: 107-111, pl. 7, figs 1-4.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="769590BB69B8D3C2A610DC158DD22F26" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="8FD34A91943B7B463D546841BCAFAEC5" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus jordani var. bicarinatus" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="jordani" variety="bicarinatus">Theodoxus (Neritaea) jordani var. bicarinatus</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="70908BEDD4BFEF3CE3220E49A3C60E70" author="Picard, L" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="105 - 139" publicationUrl="http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/Archiv-fuer-Molluskenkunde_66_0105-0139.pdf" refId="B122" refString="Picard, L, 1934. Mollusken der levantinischen Stufe Nordpalaestinas (Jordantal). Archiv fuer Molluskenkunde 66 (3): 105 - 139, http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/Archiv-fuer-Molluskenkunde_66_0105-0139.pdf" title="Mollusken der levantinischen Stufe Nordpalaestinas (Jordantal)." url="http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/Archiv-fuer-Molluskenkunde_66_0105-0139.pdf" volume="66" year="1934">Picard 1934</bibRefCitation>
: 111-112, pl. 7, figs 5-8.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1D989B8D91438C45BF48842B8FA1E866" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="C305176A19C8BE399172EAC13E8EB2BC" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Neritina</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="EF71B7230413B2322EC0CE42F5563F42" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritaea" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Neritaea</taxonomicName>
) Gombaulti 
<bibRefCitation id="D9D56DD7E42C02CE6CD4CA70E3E5FB89" author="Pallary, P" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de l'Institut d'Egypte" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 141" refId="B118" refString="Pallary, P, 1939. Deuxieme addition a la faune malacologique de la Syrie. Memoires de l'Institut d'Egypte 39: 1 - 141" title="Deuxieme addition a la faune malacologique de la Syrie." volume="39" year="1939">Pallary 1939</bibRefCitation>
: 107, pl. 4, figs 53-56.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8EFFE0379CD484B5F93A8F79B3F8473A" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="802031C681C9BBABF64123BA1D8F2FB2" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina homsensis" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="homsensis">Neritina (Neritaea) homsensis</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="DE3A69A0857C82AF244857437CFEBEBF" author="Pallary, P" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de l'Institut d'Egypte" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 141" refId="B118" refString="Pallary, P, 1939. Deuxieme addition a la faune malacologique de la Syrie. Memoires de l'Institut d'Egypte 39: 1 - 141" title="Deuxieme addition a la faune malacologique de la Syrie." volume="39" year="1939">Pallary 1939</bibRefCitation>
: 108, pl. 4, figs 57-61.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="525F2CFAE201E4119B5602E1C9A8E184" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="1A8F555516A01A56ED8C81C1988541C6" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina homsensis var. major" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="homsensis" variety="major">Neritina (Neritaea) homsensis var. major</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="715FB8532867E7821C2ABA7FD569E817" author="Pallary, P" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de l'Institut d'Egypte" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 141" refId="B118" refString="Pallary, P, 1939. Deuxieme addition a la faune malacologique de la Syrie. Memoires de l'Institut d'Egypte 39: 1 - 141" title="Deuxieme addition a la faune malacologique de la Syrie." volume="39" year="1939">Pallary 1939</bibRefCitation>
: 109 (
<emphasis id="D66BAD15CD0CA7DD514D14EAC5DF1BED" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">non</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="269A54427FF8C0056726149A6F18CCE1" authorityName="Recluz" authorityYear="1850" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina wallisiarum var. major" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="wallisiarum" variety="major">Neritina wallisiarum var. major</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="DD8CC1AEA28925CE7AE66B860A168C5B" originalValue="Récluz">Recluz</normalizedToken>
, 1850).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E6E7786FD3A205DD3857FF51628525DA" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="77DE70D69FE42076AB50B6A1911A0B12" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina homsensis var. minor" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="homsensis" variety="minor">Neritina (Neritaea) homsensis var. minor</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="91DB18C97171337FED41B7BA953C8E25" author="Pallary, P" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de l'Institut d'Egypte" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 141" refId="B118" refString="Pallary, P, 1939. Deuxieme addition a la faune malacologique de la Syrie. Memoires de l'Institut d'Egypte 39: 1 - 141" title="Deuxieme addition a la faune malacologique de la Syrie." volume="39" year="1939">Pallary 1939</bibRefCitation>
: 109 (nomen nudum, 
<emphasis id="2EDF7D242B2D9DDE787427A2722E4B6F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">non</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B3BBAB10763D00551DAB6255A775B14C" authorityName="Metcalf" authorityYear="1904" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina minor" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minor">Neritina minor</taxonomicName>
Menke, 1828).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="691C1C9DA0302AD2DEF7C0E8519CD228" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="ACC22FDB9B47672B9A32AB98E77CE1BB" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Neritina</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="228D25AE7D57226117C20C5EBD4495B2" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritaea" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Neritaea</taxonomicName>
) Ponsoti: 
<bibRefCitation id="183CCA78153EF02B5877018DC1029577" author="Pallary, P" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de l'Institut d'Egypte" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 141" refId="B118" refString="Pallary, P, 1939. Deuxieme addition a la faune malacologique de la Syrie. Memoires de l'Institut d'Egypte 39: 1 - 141" title="Deuxieme addition a la faune malacologique de la Syrie." volume="39" year="1939">Pallary 1939</bibRefCitation>
: 109-110, pl. 4, figs 44-46.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FD9787DE03E8955CFD97521284819A9E" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="79F415904A0BCFA5C51C81EE0D4CE878" baseAuthorityName="G. B. Sowerby I" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus jordani" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jordani">Theodoxus (Neritaea) jordani</taxonomicName>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="D13AFBEA23B67C8BF7E9B42D51568B9F" author="Tchernov, E" journalOrPublisher="Malacologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="147 - 184" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13122806" refId="B154" refString="Tchernov, E, 1975. The molluscs of the Sea of Galilee. Malacologia 15 (1): 147 - 184, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13122806" title="The molluscs of the Sea of Galilee." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13122806" volume="15" year="1975">Tchernov 1975</bibRefCitation>
: 153; 
<bibRefCitation id="B5D9E48EDF7436E587C5931717A55B70" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1993.10637638" author="Schuett, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoology in the Middle East" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="69 - 112" refId="B143" refString="Schuett, H, Ortal, R, 1993. A preliminary correlation between the Plio-Pleistocene malacofaunas of the Jordan Valley (Israel) and the Orontes Valley (Syria). Zoology in the Middle East 8 (1): 69 - 112, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1993.10637638" title="A preliminary correlation between the Plio-Pleistocene malacofaunas of the Jordan Valley (Israel) and the Orontes Valley (Syria)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1993.10637638" volume="8" year="1993">
<normalizedToken id="BAAC9640491624BAB3BC31B43F7E6832" originalValue="Schütt">Schuett</normalizedToken>
and Ortal 1993
</bibRefCitation>
: 78-79, pl. 3, figs 37-41; 
<bibRefCitation id="482EBF550E703285FC761ABBC3A8DA99" author="Bandel, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem geologisch-palaeontologischen Institut der Universitaet Hamburg" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="65 - 164" refId="B20" refString="Bandel, K, 2001. The history of Theodoxus and Neritina connected with description and systematic evaluation of related Neritimorpha (Gastropoda). Mitteilungen aus dem geologisch-palaeontologischen Institut der Universitaet Hamburg 85: 65 - 164" title="The history of Theodoxus and Neritina connected with description and systematic evaluation of related Neritimorpha (Gastropoda)." volume="85" year="2001">Bandel 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 84-86, figs 12-20, 32-40; 
<bibRefCitation id="80EA83FB94AD1F757F5B727CEFAE096D" author="Amr, ZS" journalOrPublisher="Denisia" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="221 - 227" publicationUrl="http://www.zobodat.at/stable/pdf/DENISIA_0014_0221-0227.pdf" refId="B10" refString="Amr, ZS, Abu Baker, M, 2004. Freshwater snails of Jordan. Denisia 14: 221 - 227, http://www.zobodat.at/stable/pdf/DENISIA_0014_0221-0227.pdf" title="Freshwater snails of Jordan." url="http://www.zobodat.at/stable/pdf/DENISIA_0014_0221-0227.pdf" volume="14" year="2004">Amr and Abu Baker 2004</bibRefCitation>
: 221-222, fig. 1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="46769E41252EB1B1F712C423552F8154" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="5487FCE445F39A9F9E02FB759579CE3B" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus cinctella" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cinctella">Theodoxus (Neritaea) cinctella</taxonomicName>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="65DD180068812544E07D0FEBF8D0B417" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1989.10637575" author="Schuett, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoology in the Middle East" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="55 - 58" refId="B144" refString="Schuett, H, Sesen, R, 1989a. The freshwater molluscs of Ceylanpinar. Zoology in the Middle East 3 (1): 55 - 58, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1989.10637575" title="The freshwater molluscs of Ceylanpinar." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1989.10637575" volume="3" year="1989 a">
<normalizedToken id="7B2098EBF717EC4FB603631BD04792EB" originalValue="Schütt">Schuett</normalizedToken>
and 
<normalizedToken id="DB0343AE3043B9ADED1B310D7FB3B643" originalValue="Şeşen">Sesen</normalizedToken>
1989a
</bibRefCitation>
: 56-57.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="542087FBA35966B1C834CC169EF2834E" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="829D7229AF9CFD757BA1778C057B12DF" baseAuthorityName="Martens" baseAuthorityYear="1874" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus cinctellus" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cinctellus">Theodoxus (Neritaea) cinctellus</taxonomicName>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="F6D17CA9249559BEBF1C4BE882A377B1" author="Schuett, H" journalOrPublisher="Basteria" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="39 - 46" refId="B145" refString="Schuett, H, Sesen, R, 1989b. Theodoxus in South-eastern Anatolia, Turkey (Gastropoda Prosobranchia, Neritidae). Basteria 53 (1-3): 39 - 46" title="Theodoxus in South-eastern Anatolia, Turkey (Gastropoda Prosobranchia, Neritidae)." volume="53" year="1989 b">
<normalizedToken id="5C53AF80E00772D282A75B0D1B49F9FC" originalValue="Schütt">Schuett</normalizedToken>
and 
<normalizedToken id="6AA3705DB3E6B426B962A48B025C55AB" originalValue="Şeşen">Sesen</normalizedToken>
1989b
</bibRefCitation>
: 45-46; 
<bibRefCitation id="0E16BA2F5512ED24F4308225645FE5C1" author="Yildirim, MZ" journalOrPublisher="Turkish Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="877 - 900" refId="B161" refString="Yildirim, MZ, 1999. Tuerkiye Prosobranchia (Gastropoda: Mollusca) tuerleri ve zoocografik yayilislari. 1. Tatli ve aci sular. Turkish Journal of Zoology 23 (3): 877 - 900" title="Tuerkiye Prosobranchia (Gastropoda: Mollusca) tuerleri ve zoocografik yayilislari. 1. Tatli ve aci sular." volume="23" year="1999">
<normalizedToken id="82D38D8144337128CE36DB8DCBF40646" originalValue="Yıldırım">Yildirim</normalizedToken>
1999
</bibRefCitation>
: 886.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F3F8105AF310C31AFF2FAC875DC24F36" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="B8A7F20F8DBF4BFF3A4560DA584F2908" authority="tricarinatus" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus jordani" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jordani">Theodoxus (Neritaea) jordani tricarinatus</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="B540D033F3CE8ED16B11897F7E0A1DB5" originalValue="Schütt">Schuett</normalizedToken>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="0A19F63D1685C0D921990E49E88A2160" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1993.10637638" author="Schuett, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoology in the Middle East" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="69 - 112" refId="B143" refString="Schuett, H, Ortal, R, 1993. A preliminary correlation between the Plio-Pleistocene malacofaunas of the Jordan Valley (Israel) and the Orontes Valley (Syria). Zoology in the Middle East 8 (1): 69 - 112, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1993.10637638" title="A preliminary correlation between the Plio-Pleistocene malacofaunas of the Jordan Valley (Israel) and the Orontes Valley (Syria)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1993.10637638" volume="8" year="1993">
<normalizedToken id="7517AB1205F1578DD754A291831BEFDC" originalValue="Schütt">Schuett</normalizedToken>
and Ortal 1993
</bibRefCitation>
: 79, pl. 3, fig. 42.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D7598DF0B5D8F080BBFD0370B05BE58" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="F9A192BDFCB227F29E5D38873E6CDF99" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus pliocostulatus" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pliocostulatus">Theodoxus (Neritaea) pliocostulatus</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="8BC8AACA875209DFF9F0EB464D8D55CE" originalValue="Schütt">Schuett</normalizedToken>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="FD848A5E5304348DF5B1A5B32C0ABCB3" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1993.10637638" author="Schuett, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoology in the Middle East" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="69 - 112" refId="B143" refString="Schuett, H, Ortal, R, 1993. A preliminary correlation between the Plio-Pleistocene malacofaunas of the Jordan Valley (Israel) and the Orontes Valley (Syria). Zoology in the Middle East 8 (1): 69 - 112, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1993.10637638" title="A preliminary correlation between the Plio-Pleistocene malacofaunas of the Jordan Valley (Israel) and the Orontes Valley (Syria)." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1993.10637638" volume="8" year="1993">
<normalizedToken id="33BFB8994E130C0EF182572262805D3A" originalValue="Schütt">Schuett</normalizedToken>
and Ortal 1993
</bibRefCitation>
: 79-80, pl. 3, fig. 43.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C7D0A5F4D72FF951F0971CAF1ECED860" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="1E1B138212AB059DF33B1F150A3D9B0C" baseAuthorityName="Reeve" baseAuthorityYear="1865" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus niloticus" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="niloticus">Theodoxus niloticus</taxonomicName>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="4F57352214CD1AC559558214F1DECEF8" author="Brown, DS" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" refId="B33" refString="Brown, DS, 1994. Freshwater snails of Africa and their medical importance. Taylor &amp; Francis, London" title="Freshwater snails of Africa and their medical importance." year="1994">Brown 1994</bibRefCitation>
: 45, figs 16b-c.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="577163404279DFB0E5D785DCA1DB75EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="80CEE7A1A708338FBD2A8CA6FB360461" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus jordani" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jordani">Theodoxus jordani</taxonomicName>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="81919DEF91A16A053E9102F91C538CA7" author="Yildirim, MZ" journalOrPublisher="Turkish Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="877 - 900" refId="B161" refString="Yildirim, MZ, 1999. Tuerkiye Prosobranchia (Gastropoda: Mollusca) tuerleri ve zoocografik yayilislari. 1. Tatli ve aci sular. Turkish Journal of Zoology 23 (3): 877 - 900" title="Tuerkiye Prosobranchia (Gastropoda: Mollusca) tuerleri ve zoocografik yayilislari. 1. Tatli ve aci sular." volume="23" year="1999">
<normalizedToken id="D1E1761C824580737EF656AB57EDFF30" originalValue="Yıldırım">Yildirim</normalizedToken>
1999
</bibRefCitation>
: 886; 
<bibRefCitation id="B9CFD64EB02B07700BB045F2EB56EE0A" author="Guerlek, ME" journalOrPublisher="Fresenius Enviromental Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="2992 - 3013" refId="B69" refString="Guerlek, ME, Sahin, SK, Doekuemcue, N, Yildirim, MZ, 2019. Checklist of the freshwater mollusca of Turkey (Mollusca: Gastropoda, Bivalvia). Fresenius Enviromental Bulletin 28 (4): 2992 - 3013" title="Checklist of the freshwater mollusca of Turkey (Mollusca: Gastropoda, Bivalvia)." volume="28" year="2019">
<normalizedToken id="8175A12DD7090F41BF92E6142C2CE6D6" originalValue="Gürlek">Guerlek</normalizedToken>
et al. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
: 2993; 
<bibRefCitation id="31EF802254BCF7133A3D8728A1AB3B4B" author="Gloeer, P" journalOrPublisher="Peter Gloeer, Hetlingen, Germany" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" refId="B62" refString="Gloeer, P, 2019. The freshwater gastropods of the West-Palaearctis. Vol. 1. Fresh- and brackish waters except spring and subterranean snails. Peter Gloeer, Hetlingen, Germany" title="The freshwater gastropods of the West-Palaearctis. Vol. 1. Fresh- and brackish waters except spring and subterranean snails." year="2019">
<normalizedToken id="AA6FBDEEDA84BBE6BB7331483F5925A6" originalValue="Glöer">Gloeer</normalizedToken>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
: 44, figs 30.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="06FD013608778023F7E4454E3896E57C" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
non 
<taxonomicName id="75D700ED2E42E5ED82CC82D42B311F3E" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina mesopotamica" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mesopotamica">Neritina mesopotamica</taxonomicName>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="44EE2BF041B20FF4737A84C008EC0CDC" author="Mansoorian, AB" journalOrPublisher="Iranian International Journal of Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="96 - 103" refId="B95" refString="Mansoorian, AB, 2001. Freshwater Gastropod of Khuzestan Province, South-West Iran. Iranian International Journal of Science 2 (2): 96 - 103" title="Freshwater Gastropod of Khuzestan Province, South-West Iran." volume="2" year="2001">Mansoorian 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 4, figs 1-4 (= 
<taxonomicName id="21647953A6A66652FAD85F2E4A2F67BB" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina schlaeflii" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="schlaeflii">Neritina schlaeflii</taxonomicName>
Mousson, 1874).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DEB397645021D4ED246643F902EC541E" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="63D361BD344B8B9089C8EF91785CF9B1" baseAuthorityName="Sowerby" baseAuthorityYear="1849" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus macrii" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="macrii">Theodoxus macrii</taxonomicName>
[sic]: 
<bibRefCitation id="B9B047DFCAB994980FD990C0611D0B95" author="Amr, ZS" journalOrPublisher="Denisia" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="221 - 227" publicationUrl="http://www.zobodat.at/stable/pdf/DENISIA_0014_0221-0227.pdf" refId="B10" refString="Amr, ZS, Abu Baker, M, 2004. Freshwater snails of Jordan. Denisia 14: 221 - 227, http://www.zobodat.at/stable/pdf/DENISIA_0014_0221-0227.pdf" title="Freshwater snails of Jordan." url="http://www.zobodat.at/stable/pdf/DENISIA_0014_0221-0227.pdf" volume="14" year="2004">Amr and Abu Baker 2004</bibRefCitation>
: 222, fig. 2; 
<bibRefCitation id="2EE9ED14AFE03450D63F96B82A3B66B5" author="Handal, EN" journalOrPublisher="Jordan Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="23 - 29" refId="B70" refString="Handal, EN, Amr, Z, Qumsiyeh, MB, 2015. Some records of freshwater snail from the Occupied Palestinian territories. Jordan Journal of Natural History 1 (2): 23 - 29" title="Some records of freshwater snail from the Occupied Palestinian territories." volume="1" year="2015">Handal et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
: 25-26, fig. 1B (
<emphasis id="1DD67CFC25456170346FA91776D6508E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">non</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="13BE02C5E5DF5579FFBCDA4D1997B2A9" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina macri" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="macri">Neritina macri</taxonomicName>
G.B. Sowerby 
<collectionCode id="456D22B00735BCD722DD5577D0ED5856">II</collectionCode>
, 1849).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E076D192BE30D25C5A4F550AEC5E2ADC" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
? 
<taxonomicName id="7032A31DFD3AB19298E06973B4F30B47" authorityName="Martens" authorityYear="1874" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina cinctellus" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cinctellus">Neritina cinctellus</taxonomicName>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="36313A69CB4D46BBEEB2F2BF413CC1EE" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406" author="Gloeer, P" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="11 - 61" refId="B63" refString="Gloeer, P, Pesic, V, 2012. The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11 - 61, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406" title="The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406" volume="219" year="2012">
<normalizedToken id="26523C30892D85551DCFCD402122F050" originalValue="Glöer">Gloeer</normalizedToken>
and 
<normalizedToken id="0C17ECE19F3A61E20488D9CA57F02460" originalValue="Pešić">Pesic</normalizedToken>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
: 13-14, fig. 2a, c.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3F3A4158C67A7936CC129697CBFC61AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
? 
<taxonomicName id="89766C9F802780A0F6BE8C536C357D7F" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina mesopotamica" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mesopotamica">Neritina mesopotamica</taxonomicName>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="D93D6715ABFC76002261C8F2030942E5" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406" author="Gloeer, P" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="11 - 61" refId="B63" refString="Gloeer, P, Pesic, V, 2012. The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11 - 61, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406" title="The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406" volume="219" year="2012">
<normalizedToken id="17C9E324F92CE07834F4DA2940836430" originalValue="Glöer">Gloeer</normalizedToken>
and 
<normalizedToken id="C6D0CC44B2B75A512BD3B63B276D0BDE" originalValue="Pešić">Pesic</normalizedToken>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
: 14-16.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56CDDFD4DD74D6EDDB90E3225BCD8255" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="53F224B66F88F7BEB353484FEB4C61CF" baseAuthorityName="Mousson" baseAuthorityYear="1874" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus euphraticus" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="euphraticus">Theodoxus euphraticus</taxonomicName>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="7C23CB3C4B775577686646DF8AC02735" author="Mansoorian, AB" journalOrPublisher="Privately published, Tehran" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" refId="B96" refString="Mansoorian, AB, Samaee, A, 2012. Gastropoda of the freshwaters of Iran. Privately published, Tehran" title="Gastropoda of the freshwaters of Iran." year="2012">Mansoorian and Samaee 2012</bibRefCitation>
: 50-57 (partim, only material from Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari, Fars, Kermanshah, and Khuzestan provinces).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="195CC62FED77B4013B9FE2CF55924764" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="47EDF18999E4DEB147CD80E159E95764" authorityName="Mousson" authorityYear="1874" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina euphratica" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="euphratica">Neritina euphratica</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="7C7E7C980B008DB3404F449DA69D3857" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406" author="Gloeer, P" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="11 - 61" refId="B63" refString="Gloeer, P, Pesic, V, 2012. The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11 - 61, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406" title="The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406" volume="219" year="2012">
<normalizedToken id="AE1460AF999629876EDF2115C8081F39" originalValue="Glöer">Gloeer</normalizedToken>
and 
<normalizedToken id="436FCF91F7F5CA163E6D95306EC095EC" originalValue="Pešić">Pesic</normalizedToken>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
: 16, fig. 2d, e.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F5EA3F92371377690AFC146513DCCA29" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="62C8FE3DE4F0407276015E5738E76F35" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus jordani" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jordani">Theodoxus cf. jordani</taxonomicName>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="07F85523E7F55938B8E20DFAD8784C5C" author="Alhejoj, I" journalOrPublisher="Freiberger Forschungshefte: Palaeontologie, Stratigraphie, Fazies C" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="141 - 173" refId="B7" refString="Alhejoj, I, Bandel, K, 2013. Mollusks of the Pleistocene Al-Qarn Formation of the Jordan Rift-Valley in Jordan. Freiberger Forschungshefte: Palaeontologie, Stratigraphie, Fazies C 545 (21): 141 - 173" title="Mollusks of the Pleistocene Al-Qarn Formation of the Jordan Rift-Valley in Jordan." volume="545" year="2013">Alhejoj and Bandel 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 146-147, pl. 1, figs 5-8.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E449CF665D8FEB8DEF8D9A6AC5B5FD48" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="4146E75585430CE657851B3F7135A60F" authorityName="Eichhorst" authorityYear="2016" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus octagonus" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="octagonus">Theodoxus octagonus</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation id="EEE2BB4E88830624CE1A2F9D0B5F0575" author="Eichhorst, TE" journalOrPublisher="ConchBooks, Hackenheim, Germany" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" refId="B48" refString="Eichhorst, TE, 2016. Neritidae of the World. Vol. 2. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, Germany" title="Neritidae of the World. Vol. 2." year="2016">Eichhorst 2016</bibRefCitation>
: 940, pl. 293, figs 1-8.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9F9F418BFF54C8C84B8AFB4D324A7FB7" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="107891A8B823B6445609DE93B566A167" authorityName="Eichhorst" authorityYear="2016" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus octagonus" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="octagonus">Theodoxus (Neritaea) octagonus</taxonomicName>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="41E850CA3369D3F7BF3ACA63950D126B" author="Mienis, HK" journalOrPublisher="Ellipsaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="37 - 38" refId="B102" refString="Mienis, HK, Rittner, O, 2017. Some information concerning Theodoxus (Neritaea) octagonus Eichhorst, 2016, an endemic subterranean species from Israel. Ellipsaria 19 (2): 37 - 38" title="Some information concerning Theodoxus (Neritaea) octagonus Eichhorst, 2016, an endemic subterranean species from Israel." volume="19" year="2017">Mienis and Rittner 2017</bibRefCitation>
: 37, figs 1-3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="40BB378FF672ADE9E92E87C940C8FBFF" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="FD6C07EED36845AFA0EAD881211973B5" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus mesopotamicus" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mesopotamicus">Theodoxus mesopotamicus</taxonomicName>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="EC37AFDEFCDFDC0A8E5C2EF88E7993B8" author="Gloeer, P" journalOrPublisher="Peter Gloeer, Hetlingen, Germany" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" refId="B62" refString="Gloeer, P, 2019. The freshwater gastropods of the West-Palaearctis. Vol. 1. Fresh- and brackish waters except spring and subterranean snails. Peter Gloeer, Hetlingen, Germany" title="The freshwater gastropods of the West-Palaearctis. Vol. 1. Fresh- and brackish waters except spring and subterranean snails." year="2019">
<normalizedToken id="5022EDD8B0932422460E31A016ED1852" originalValue="Glöer">Gloeer</normalizedToken>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
: 47, fig. 34.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ACB657C45D76290ED37FDB14D0A00BB2" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="1E3E60E16420B4F4438D3FBB8E49B963" baseAuthorityName="Martens" baseAuthorityYear="1874" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus cinctellus" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cinctellus">Theodoxus cinctellus</taxonomicName>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="E38163FF66D1109A900338A4E46A5353" author="Guerlek, ME" journalOrPublisher="Fresenius Enviromental Bulletin" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="2992 - 3013" refId="B69" refString="Guerlek, ME, Sahin, SK, Doekuemcue, N, Yildirim, MZ, 2019. Checklist of the freshwater mollusca of Turkey (Mollusca: Gastropoda, Bivalvia). Fresenius Enviromental Bulletin 28 (4): 2992 - 3013" title="Checklist of the freshwater mollusca of Turkey (Mollusca: Gastropoda, Bivalvia)." volume="28" year="2019">
<normalizedToken id="863A80A424BD7FAB332606F7FE7F54B7" originalValue="Gürlek">Guerlek</normalizedToken>
et al. 2019
</bibRefCitation>
: 2993.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="965DACFCB7C6554727C3E41052CBAA72" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="39138D0A499D04442E332FC1FDBE6EB8" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<typeStatus id="67B407AE5027D27CF2BB3DE880FB0F0E">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9B02201B899147D0971CD35836CF2147" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">River Jordan.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A90BD5EEE9EC91AC866151D602C96192" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="type material">
<paragraph id="E4D6126B0EF7CCA07530102EBD61E24E" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<typeStatus id="B709A1807F07CEFB47C9EBD041B4815C">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="37B792EC247CA8198B3FDEE315C2045D" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<materialsCitation id="B98DACCDE0088FB246AAFF019A6A15FD" collectionCode="ZMZ" country="Turkey" typeStatus="type">
The 
<typeStatus id="AFD4998BAC678D8B74C78B5712039492">type</typeStatus>
material of 
<taxonomicName id="A567365BA2EE23C389DB30E71CDD253D" lsidName="N. jordani" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="jordani">
<emphasis id="4839997BC91BCEF29044BE5F2368A06C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. jordani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could unfortunately not be traced. The 
<typeStatus id="1A9FB7127957E2C050F97B3C562905D0">type</typeStatus>
material of the taxa introduced by Mousson are stored in 
<collectionCode id="49C1A345BF5F0F93FF4DEC8C59B6483B" collectionName="ZMZ">ZMZ</collectionCode>
, including 
<specimenCount id="422A39972C3BEBF99C390B4BAB3F8996" type="generic">16 syntypes</specimenCount>
of 
<taxonomicName id="14EB01135D79881B09960BCF967F6C2B" lsidName="N. bellardii" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="bellardii">
<emphasis id="A1527A5042EF4E74ABBB9F0CD77C5951" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. bellardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(coll. no. 528918)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="05EBE8A1581F8FAD3128EA2EAD0E1D42" country="Turkey">
<specimenCount id="AC084C3FF2D3C77A5CE5F2E9B7B416C1" type="generic">13 syntypes</specimenCount>
of 
<taxonomicName id="5CA9456F4B6C064A3A322370071B0F7A" lsidName="N. euphratica" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="euphratica">
<emphasis id="7D27273C50EC0B6F2EDE0974D6516D84" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. euphratica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(coll. no. 528916)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="DAAE77FAE1EB81FF27AAE101F3F2DB29" country="Turkey">
<specimenCount id="32E88F7ADC686F2398D0F189577CFD93" type="generic">20 syntypes</specimenCount>
of 
<taxonomicName id="8148065FAF2843933CD8C9FC28D2B451" lsidName="N. jordani var. turris" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="variety" species="jordani" variety="turris">N. jordani var. turris</taxonomicName>
(coll. no. 528930)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="D29C37B6F5CEA16A099B48EF7D3647AC" country="Turkey">
<specimenCount id="AA9B9D3866CC7E1663A5F7326D99099D" type="generic">5 syntypes</specimenCount>
of 
<taxonomicName id="B33E536F3B7276ACD29D6C2A8B76514D" lsidName="N. karasuna" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="karasuna">
<emphasis id="B657F873CFB94CD02C4F08E5E1311464" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. karasuna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(coll. no. 528937)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="2ECCA83605C782B7D1A39639380B507E" country="Turkey">
and 
<specimenCount id="87BC7EC9C413433E21E687D2DA680A7A" type="generic">56 syntypes</specimenCount>
of 
<taxonomicName id="6403C26A53CD0B73568B7D80A166F49F" lsidName="N. meridionalis var. mesopotamica" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="variety" species="meridionalis" variety="mesopotamica">N. meridionalis var. mesopotamica</taxonomicName>
(coll. no. 528912-528914).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="B50FA6F05880E1A318BE773ABA02B564" collectionCode="ZMB" country="Turkey">
Additionally, 
<specimenCount id="95C44F48CE1709542383A5B311CF1E82" type="generic">64 syntypes</specimenCount>
of 
<taxonomicName id="28BEF7C9457E25A6B4A1C111E05C1237" lsidName="N. cinctella" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="cinctella">
<emphasis id="A24AD7A05DFCE094D9223E691B48E4CD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. cinctella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are stored in 
<collectionCode id="C584562018149EEC90E5A7AF6EB36086" collectionName="Germany, Berlin, Museum fuer Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitaet" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum f<>r Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" type="Museum">ZMB</collectionCode>
(coll. no. 
<collectionCode id="E417510F97DA03E526E036333807A39E" collectionName="Germany, Berlin, Museum fuer Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitaet" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum f<>r Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" type="Museum">ZMB</collectionCode>
/Moll 21732, 21735, 66639)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="432A414761A6F858184B5AFC2F09538D" collectionCode="MHNG" country="Turkey">
<specimenCount id="5715AE0B256A2C743332C6A5E04DC795" type="generic">2 syntypes</specimenCount>
of 
<taxonomicName id="D354650A7BF2DD479771AC25D3361599" lsidName="N. michonii" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="michonii">
<emphasis id="E3649E03961CE915AF6EE11CFE2F7BAD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. michonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are stored in 
<collectionCode id="C22B553398C1F008F33BB94D179FADB3" collectionName="Switzerland, Geneva, Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" type="Museum">MHNG</collectionCode>
(MHNG-MOLL-111706-111707)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="7543D3459033C7FD4BCD453FDB0D9F12" collectionCode="MNHM" country="Turkey" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="5CE9D0903B6C870C0E2BE8844D12EE09" type="generic">2 syntypes</specimenCount>
of 
<taxonomicName id="40E026484B513E70811F21791AC82E17" lsidName="N. ponsoti" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="ponsoti">
<emphasis id="A5302AA36E2D256C1B48DC249DC51201" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. ponsoti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are stored in 
<collectionCode id="ABDDACE7B3EFBE71AFAE10B95D83C340" collectionName="United States, Colorado, Colorado Springs, John May Museum of Natural History" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/q3kg-qwj4" name="John May Museum of Natural History" type="">MNHM</collectionCode>
(coll. no. MNHN-IM-2000-32754) and another one (labelled as 
<normalizedToken id="3F15327562BCCB0028DECDBF54379202" originalValue="“paratype”">
&quot; 
<typeStatus id="5B69AD9A92ACF31410D10E68EB0F7DA5">paratype</typeStatus>
&quot;
</normalizedToken>
) is stored in 
<collectionCode id="61C7928E01221FEB44D49974E6B3547B" collectionName="RBINS" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" type="Museum">RBINS</collectionCode>
(coll. no. 
<collectionCode id="E28130D24125A823813E173BE0BD5987" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/etcv-5c5s" name="Mus. Tinro, Vladyvostok" type="">MT</collectionCode>
820)
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="EF3EEF0D0B1763003374803209AF33A2" collectionCode="BMSM" country="Turkey" typeStatus="holotype">
and the 
<typeStatus id="C00F5103D538A1CCFE5BF97F5E11F5B8">holotype</typeStatus>
and two 
<typeStatus id="9310AF6BA4A02945D39C5D536F16E7CE">paratypes</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="517AC9DCE913E6A859504F4733FA40BE" lsidName="T. octagonus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="octagonus">
<emphasis id="DA0C246605EDD2E59736DF0119559082" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. octagonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are stored in 
<collectionCode id="732A16D3EF8CB2D8329F98D98811C139" collectionName="BMSM">BMSM</collectionCode>
(coll. no. 
<collectionCode id="22A0A224D7B29B81C49B0E3BF5A63D15" collectionName="BMSM">BMSM</collectionCode>
93544-93545)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A3E69938FD813B68B2D224C387F006D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="C81B8B20E5BCFCC960D88A76A02953AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C519B165AA3D0864BC7DC8D1AAE8C434" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
A number of nominal species have already been synonymised under 
<taxonomicName id="8DE77AD41375C84AF59CB36C3490D205" lsidName="T. jordani" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="jordani">
<emphasis id="2858D552C07BA8D78DBDE7EDB25DA3A9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. jordani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on similarities in shell morphology and overlapping distribution ranges. These include 
<taxonomicName id="872D4895EBBA8A2C92D0985C933887FA" lsidName="N. michonii" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="michonii">
<emphasis id="C3957ED274837A1D75A6C3095F6A9795" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. michonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Bourguignat, 1852, 
<taxonomicName id="1E7666387FB1B5D26E32A1BD6F1B27F8" lsidName="N. karasuna" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="karasuna">
<emphasis id="EE9C844F79AB2C5E4473EA570F52B9CD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. karasuna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Mousson, 1874, and 
<taxonomicName id="7ED49FABB72195FFF1E514ECD1B61018" lsidName="N. orontis" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="orontis">
<emphasis id="9DDEC5CA87BC263946E7DC659567005C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. orontis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Blanckenhorn, 1897 (
<bibRefCitation id="334B7CD3D7949F7C16A606CEA70D5281" author="Martens, Ev" journalOrPublisher="Bauer &amp; Raspe, Nuernberg" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" refId="B99" refString="Martens, Ev, 1879. Die Gattung Neritina. - Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz 2 (10). Bauer &amp; Raspe, Nuernberg, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" title="Die Gattung Neritina. - Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz 2 (10)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" year="1879">Martens 1879</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="AD6359D4AA457252353AE1E222FC37BD" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51856-5_17" author="Alhejoj, I" journalOrPublisher="Freiberger Forschungshefte: Palaeontologie, Stratigraphie, Fazies C" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" refId="B8" refString="Alhejoj, I, Bandel, K, Salameh, E, 2017. Aquatic mollusks: occurrences, identification and their use as bioindicators of environmental conditions (salinity, trace elements and pollution parameters) in Jordan. In Abdalla O, Kacimov A, Chen M, Al-Maktoumi A, Al-Hosni T and Clark I (Eds) Water resources in arid areas: the way forward. Springer, Cham, 295-318. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51856-5_17" title="Aquatic mollusks: occurrences, identification and their use as bioindicators of environmental conditions (salinity, trace elements and pollution parameters) in Jordan. In Abdalla O, Kacimov A, Chen M, Al-Maktoumi A, Al-Hosni T and Clark I (Eds) Water resources in arid areas: the way forward. Springer, Cham, 295 - 318." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51856-5_17" year="2017">Alhejoj et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
). Moreover, 
<bibRefCitation id="967CABBEE899021BD4657D9F2A9C21B0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" author="Sands, AF" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Biogeography" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="1274 - 1286" refId="B138" refString="Sands, AF, Sereda, SV, Stelbrink, B, Neubauer, TA, Lazarev, S, Wilke, T, Albrecht, C, 2019a. Contributions of biogeographical functions to species accumulation may change over time in refugial regions. Journal of Biogeography 46 (6): 1274 - 1286, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" title="Contributions of biogeographical functions to species accumulation may change over time in refugial regions." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" volume="46" year="2019 a">Sands et al. (2019a)</bibRefCitation>
suggested that 
<taxonomicName id="60CA131177EB03B5F1C63B617A993AF0" lsidName="T. niloticus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="niloticus">
<emphasis id="485A6062503810F10DC8B8D60A80ED21" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. niloticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Reeve, 1856) from the Nile River, Egypt (which has been considered a potential synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="2BA705D12B11A9D3436802497F333F03" lsidName="N. africana" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="africana">
<emphasis id="2ADA91B28791B10D5D4DAA67A5FD79D9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. africana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Reeve, 1856; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF0F7BFAB2B061BD9D9422F15BDE9928" author="Brown, DS" journalOrPublisher="Taylor &amp; Francis, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" refId="B33" refString="Brown, DS, 1994. Freshwater snails of Africa and their medical importance. Taylor &amp; Francis, London" title="Freshwater snails of Africa and their medical importance." year="1994">Brown 1994</bibRefCitation>
) is conspecific with 
<taxonomicName id="333460CE98B748CE972BA607258B2959" lsidName="T. jordani" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="jordani">
<emphasis id="9106568B4DB160BADD42493BADBB5AFF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. jordani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on the basis of molecular data-something additionally supported by 
<bibRefCitation id="4B57086F469850E46237EF9EF2A82345" author="Gloeer, P" journalOrPublisher="Peter Gloeer, Hetlingen, Germany" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" refId="B62" refString="Gloeer, P, 2019. The freshwater gastropods of the West-Palaearctis. Vol. 1. Fresh- and brackish waters except spring and subterranean snails. Peter Gloeer, Hetlingen, Germany" title="The freshwater gastropods of the West-Palaearctis. Vol. 1. Fresh- and brackish waters except spring and subterranean snails." year="2019">
<normalizedToken id="3D84A19FA971EE85E10193B4D74309F1" originalValue="Glöer">Gloeer</normalizedToken>
(2019)
</bibRefCitation>
. Our phylogenetic analyses expand upon this; we show that 
<taxonomicName id="1EF8816B8D01BF57B38B43699B08B870" lsidName="T. mesopotamicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="mesopotamicus">
<emphasis id="7D6785F333C1CA855096ED8F7E4B09CE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. mesopotamicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(including the synonyms 
<taxonomicName id="D8F194C9F571765E8B653A9DF1699E6E" lsidName="N. cinctella" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="cinctella">
<emphasis id="AB07148D16560CECD8B1736850A6D703" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. cinctella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Martens, 1874, 
<taxonomicName id="24F3DFEEDD70CC943D20B6E955F90430" lsidName="N. anatolica var. mesopotamica" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="variety" species="anatolica" variety="mesopotamica">N. anatolica var. mesopotamica</taxonomicName>
Martens, 1874 (
<bibRefCitation id="9CAF99DE4D6EE9199904F2722CABD7A8" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1989.10637575" author="Schuett, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoology in the Middle East" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="55 - 58" refId="B144" refString="Schuett, H, Sesen, R, 1989a. The freshwater molluscs of Ceylanpinar. Zoology in the Middle East 3 (1): 55 - 58, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1989.10637575" title="The freshwater molluscs of Ceylanpinar." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1989.10637575" volume="3" year="1989 a">
<normalizedToken id="6A317DCA6417E1AEE98AA8337962E27F" originalValue="Schütt">Schuett</normalizedToken>
and 
<normalizedToken id="E542D98C5F7D164FD701F37056EB5309" originalValue="Şeşen">Sesen</normalizedToken>
1989a
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="26C7AE6CD1CB8987C5237749B804061E" author="Schuett, H" journalOrPublisher="Basteria" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="39 - 46" refId="B145" refString="Schuett, H, Sesen, R, 1989b. Theodoxus in South-eastern Anatolia, Turkey (Gastropoda Prosobranchia, Neritidae). Basteria 53 (1-3): 39 - 46" title="Theodoxus in South-eastern Anatolia, Turkey (Gastropoda Prosobranchia, Neritidae)." volume="53" year="1989 b">1989b</bibRefCitation>
), and 
<taxonomicName id="244957957B82C0D27D0548382FFA670A" lsidName="T. euphraticus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="euphraticus">
<emphasis id="FCC9D188593CF4275B79F0280AE3CBD9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. euphraticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be considered conspecific with 
<taxonomicName id="90AC7F2241E39AFDFCAFB7EB39C78B47" lsidName="T. jordani" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="jordani">
<emphasis id="68A28EC4E67A26B6DDEBAF9F2A63BB6E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. jordani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig. 
<figureCitation id="7E0EC07867A00E03B32F4DBE5E00C6DA" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dated phylogeny of the genus Theodoxus constructed with BEAST, based on existing GenBank and newly incorporated data for COI, 16 S and ATPα (Suppl. material 1: Table S 1). Morphospecies where associations are queried are highlighted by a question mark after the species name (see the &quot; Systematic checklist &quot; for more information). Small green (PP ≥ 0.95) and red (PP &lt;0.95) dots on nodes indicate the relative posterior probability support of divergence events. Node labels (1 - 32) correspond to divergence dates and HPD intervals in millions of years ago (Mya) for selected nodes (see Suppl. material 1: Table S 3). Dashed dark blue and light blue lines represent the minimum interspecific and maximum intraspecific variation determined by Sands et al. (2019 a) to aid Theodoxus spp. delimitation (see see Methods, Phylogenetics and species delimitation and that study for more information on the delimitation methods)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376451" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">2</figureCitation>
). These results support the earlier notion of 
<bibRefCitation id="65B1129CDA9C3A45F1BAD6E35C0A8090" author="Roth, G" editor="Krupp, F" journalOrPublisher="Dr. ludwig Reichert Verlag, Wiesbaden, Germany" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="72 - 79" refId="B136" refString="Roth, G, 1987. Data on the distribution and faunal history of the genus Theodoxus in the Middle East (Gastropoda: Neritidae). In: Krupp, F, Schneider, W, Kinzelbach, R, Eds., Proceedings of the Symposium on the Fauna and Zoogeography of the Middle East. Dr. ludwig Reichert Verlag, Wiesbaden, Germany: 72 - 79" title="Data on the distribution and faunal history of the genus Theodoxus in the Middle East (Gastropoda: Neritidae)." volumeTitle="Proceedings of the Symposium on the Fauna and Zoogeography of the Middle East." year="1987">Roth (1987)</bibRefCitation>
, who suggested that 
<taxonomicName id="E5BA2B8ACBB0C6610F5D6FD4348022E2" lsidName="T. euphraticus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="euphraticus">
<emphasis id="8A0710BAC63849C3F1EDA8AB86E47790" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. euphraticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="F4B021DF2BF04E96461D951DAE14A3A8" lsidName="T. jordani" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="jordani">
<emphasis id="F3A36F1A53C6D7AB772DAE83A86422D0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. jordani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="66FC2902C58E06955B63EC36212D4F45" lsidName="T. mesopotamicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="mesopotamicus">
<emphasis id="2B7A283EFD85464A33BAAC0EA446C17C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. mesopotamicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="5032E12B9B48027213B70E734CDA598D" lsidName="T. niloticus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="niloticus">
<emphasis id="320021516BF68ED52BEBBAEF38BF5F3C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. niloticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be conspecific based on morphological similarities, particularly concerning the opercula (Figs 
<figureCitation id="8E83C0407E8E78C3EAA0AD121CBF0E98" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Theodoxus jordani (G. B. Sowerby I, 1836). A - D. Specimen from the Avakas Gorge, Peyia, Cyprus (UGSB 18321) incorporated into the phylogeny (Fig. 2); E - H. Specimen collected in the Ceyhan River, Eski Misis, Adana, Turkey (UGSB 20777); I - L. Specimen from the Orontes River, Antakya, Hatay, Turkey (UGSB 24175) used in the phylogeny (Fig. 2); M - O. Specimen (T. euphraticus - morphotype) from the Seyed Hosein Park spring, near the Bishapur, Fars, Iran (UGSB 22233); P - R. Topotype of N. jordani from the River Jordan, Israel (UGSB 24177) incorporated into the phylogeny (Fig. 2); S, T. Specimen (T. euphraticus - morphotype) from the Karun River, Ahvaz, Iran (UGSB 21681); U. Specimen (T. niloticus - morphotype) collected in the Nile River, Egypt (UGSB 24178) used in the phylogeny (Fig. 2); V. Specimen (T. euphraticus - morphotype) from the Karun River, Ahvaz, Iran (UGSB 21682). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376464" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">15</figureCitation>
- 
<figureCitation id="ACE1FFE094C77A4DCA119026ADEA516D" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Theodoxus jordani (G. B. Sowerby I, 1836). A - C. Syntype of N. meridionalis var. mesopotamica from near Diyarbakir, Turkey (ZMZ 528914); D, E. Specimen (T. mesopotamicus - morphotype) collected in Sanliurfa, Turkey (UGSB 23426) and used in the phylogeny (Fig. 2); F - H; K - M. Two syntypes of N. cinctella collected at the source of River Chabur near Ras al-Ayn, Syria (ZMB / Moll 21732); I, J. Topotype of N. cinctella from the same locality (UGSB 18762). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376466" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">17</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="6DC18266FDAA4DC5337FDAFB66531244" doi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376464" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" start="Figure 15" startId="F15">
<paragraph id="0A8947341BFE296073CFB055705DEC5F" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="801A2EC1D2F77CE98F50365C7957A3B4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Figure 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8C62207949B3B30353C2B6AB4CCAC4B1" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus jordani" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jordani">
<emphasis id="FFC52A37EC2436B46E32F586028AB8E0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Theodoxus jordani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(G.B. Sowerby I, 1836). 
<emphasis id="6FFBBC29846331FC13F0649F46EB21EE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">A</emphasis>
- 
<emphasis id="ADD2ACA0BC619FA283E3A9A9C56FFF7C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">D</emphasis>
. Specimen from the Avakas Gorge, Peyia, Cyprus (
<collectionCode id="BBC96BD8D5D5C67A3A3C68BDC850E28A" collectionName="UGSB">UGSB</collectionCode>
18321) incorporated into the phylogeny (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="E49874CBDAA69A036288E56FAD8EE207" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dated phylogeny of the genus Theodoxus constructed with BEAST, based on existing GenBank and newly incorporated data for COI, 16 S and ATPα (Suppl. material 1: Table S 1). Morphospecies where associations are queried are highlighted by a question mark after the species name (see the &quot; Systematic checklist &quot; for more information). Small green (PP ≥ 0.95) and red (PP &lt;0.95) dots on nodes indicate the relative posterior probability support of divergence events. Node labels (1 - 32) correspond to divergence dates and HPD intervals in millions of years ago (Mya) for selected nodes (see Suppl. material 1: Table S 3). Dashed dark blue and light blue lines represent the minimum interspecific and maximum intraspecific variation determined by Sands et al. (2019 a) to aid Theodoxus spp. delimitation (see see Methods, Phylogenetics and species delimitation and that study for more information on the delimitation methods)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376451" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">2</figureCitation>
); 
<emphasis id="027821809979139DDAF28CB4427DBB13" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">E</emphasis>
- 
<emphasis id="E832FCD4A8FFEE96938F9436AADE50A4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">H</emphasis>
. Specimen collected in the Ceyhan River, Eski Misis, Adana, Turkey (
<collectionCode id="0C37D3963FA8CB501C37EBE3CF647848" collectionName="UGSB">UGSB</collectionCode>
20777); 
<emphasis id="AF19F474EF0875DDFD498DAF36C813A4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">I</emphasis>
- 
<emphasis id="1D95017A1874FF443976F6C1EAAFE49B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">L</emphasis>
. Specimen from the Orontes River, Antakya, Hatay, Turkey (
<collectionCode id="8E6F78BC8BAD85B149121F748432997F" collectionName="UGSB">UGSB</collectionCode>
24175) used in the phylogeny (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="AEDC5D76BD3F308F5476384B5E3AC42A" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dated phylogeny of the genus Theodoxus constructed with BEAST, based on existing GenBank and newly incorporated data for COI, 16 S and ATPα (Suppl. material 1: Table S 1). Morphospecies where associations are queried are highlighted by a question mark after the species name (see the &quot; Systematic checklist &quot; for more information). Small green (PP ≥ 0.95) and red (PP &lt;0.95) dots on nodes indicate the relative posterior probability support of divergence events. Node labels (1 - 32) correspond to divergence dates and HPD intervals in millions of years ago (Mya) for selected nodes (see Suppl. material 1: Table S 3). Dashed dark blue and light blue lines represent the minimum interspecific and maximum intraspecific variation determined by Sands et al. (2019 a) to aid Theodoxus spp. delimitation (see see Methods, Phylogenetics and species delimitation and that study for more information on the delimitation methods)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376451" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">2</figureCitation>
); 
<emphasis id="B6DB3FC9B6620270BB0C77B8007EE20A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">M</emphasis>
- 
<emphasis id="976F758C2B2125E9C0C42744DD275A8F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">O</emphasis>
. Specimen (
<taxonomicName id="B074F98293B6D5B60C3FD67132B2F91A" lsidName="T. euphraticus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="euphraticus">
<emphasis id="B07C659C497AE192C5F73559108B37D2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. euphraticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-morphotype) from the Seyed Hosein Park spring, near the Bishapur, Fars, Iran (
<collectionCode id="DA6DA49847ED52612C33916E71A72AF7" collectionName="UGSB">UGSB</collectionCode>
22233); 
<emphasis id="CAF2334A9832FC4A434C8663A7C3593A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P</emphasis>
- 
<emphasis id="7E71E6E3596F203ECED46CC6EB4FB5F0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">R</emphasis>
. Topotype of 
<taxonomicName id="BEB4C026F58EE2EAE03CD4038DB61F45" lsidName="N. jordani" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="jordani">
<emphasis id="CC4B9BD2A3F8A012252E89E3DB4C6AF0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. jordani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the River Jordan, Israel (
<collectionCode id="F624054BDB44BD1F9008E093F31E3E38" collectionName="UGSB">UGSB</collectionCode>
24177) incorporated into the phylogeny (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="528CBBDF3C55833D7A5D2FDBB1BBFE48" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dated phylogeny of the genus Theodoxus constructed with BEAST, based on existing GenBank and newly incorporated data for COI, 16 S and ATPα (Suppl. material 1: Table S 1). Morphospecies where associations are queried are highlighted by a question mark after the species name (see the &quot; Systematic checklist &quot; for more information). Small green (PP ≥ 0.95) and red (PP &lt;0.95) dots on nodes indicate the relative posterior probability support of divergence events. Node labels (1 - 32) correspond to divergence dates and HPD intervals in millions of years ago (Mya) for selected nodes (see Suppl. material 1: Table S 3). Dashed dark blue and light blue lines represent the minimum interspecific and maximum intraspecific variation determined by Sands et al. (2019 a) to aid Theodoxus spp. delimitation (see see Methods, Phylogenetics and species delimitation and that study for more information on the delimitation methods)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376451" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">2</figureCitation>
); 
<emphasis id="14EFC7B3CA1447AFA895BF7EB5A9F085" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">S</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="F3FCE92B80AABBE5DB59486884136EDD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T</emphasis>
. Specimen (
<taxonomicName id="7595A9BFDDD2FA22F621FB2D489A1CFA" lsidName="T. euphraticus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="euphraticus">
<emphasis id="50A51BC1ACEC4118B1A6BDF0941FCC0A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. euphraticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-morphotype) from the Karun River, Ahvaz, Iran (
<collectionCode id="301802B8819B6A8779A895B7E1800EEF" collectionName="UGSB">UGSB</collectionCode>
21681); 
<emphasis id="20554E00979DF0085652A468CAC5501E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">U</emphasis>
. Specimen (
<taxonomicName id="F1CFDFC13C795E658A1114D8DD42BECA" lsidName="T. niloticus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="niloticus">
<emphasis id="7C995193F4376554E9F2F839A3DB98B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. niloticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-morphotype) collected in the Nile River, Egypt (
<collectionCode id="7C84AC7BA21C020A79F1266BD2DC5BA2" collectionName="UGSB">UGSB</collectionCode>
24178) used in the phylogeny (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="68BAE4B00C51D5FAA9F0F87FEE83EEF3" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dated phylogeny of the genus Theodoxus constructed with BEAST, based on existing GenBank and newly incorporated data for COI, 16 S and ATPα (Suppl. material 1: Table S 1). Morphospecies where associations are queried are highlighted by a question mark after the species name (see the &quot; Systematic checklist &quot; for more information). Small green (PP ≥ 0.95) and red (PP &lt;0.95) dots on nodes indicate the relative posterior probability support of divergence events. Node labels (1 - 32) correspond to divergence dates and HPD intervals in millions of years ago (Mya) for selected nodes (see Suppl. material 1: Table S 3). Dashed dark blue and light blue lines represent the minimum interspecific and maximum intraspecific variation determined by Sands et al. (2019 a) to aid Theodoxus spp. delimitation (see see Methods, Phylogenetics and species delimitation and that study for more information on the delimitation methods)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376451" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">2</figureCitation>
); 
<emphasis id="AE9822A932E836F43D483A67F6850983" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">V</emphasis>
. Specimen (
<taxonomicName id="2F54F301F5C61062416F07B9CCE2BE57" lsidName="T. euphraticus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="euphraticus">
<emphasis id="7539E677EA67B650A50663CA31BEAC0A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. euphraticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-morphotype) from the Karun River, Ahvaz, Iran (
<collectionCode id="5559759BDB25A90EFE1DAECDFADB78E2" collectionName="UGSB">UGSB</collectionCode>
21682). Scale bars: 
<quantity id="D36DD6CC418441E54D7FBD9B4D5D784B" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DCB5AA7B771AD964F7EA78D090591655" doi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure16" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376465" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" start="Figure 16" startId="F16">
<paragraph id="39798B21A968FE747C1C34365875EA0D" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="02BD82AE2FCEAA4D6F26E8DBAC41BD50" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Figure 16.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AB55E16F729C249CF63D4D0DE0C8868F" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus jordani" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jordani">
<emphasis id="ABB4CA3BB96F402EAC5B1D96A4537551" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Theodoxus jordani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(G.B. Sowerby I, 1836). 
<emphasis id="0607D059AB18C219C1486C398B3BA36C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">A</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="DCF095ED157D41D1C8ECBD88F8E7C6F2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">B</emphasis>
. 
<typeStatus id="140815A84C8FF4B21017EC35A1AD4285">Syntype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="3DDACDEA20D7BA67410F1AA1DE65D975" lsidName="N. euphratica" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="euphratica">
<emphasis id="9C78D08A0DC504BB6E8C1A664E69EC01" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. euphratica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Euphrates River at Samawah, Iraq (
<collectionCode id="2A7B16DB0F07FE67CAC218955DB48050" collectionName="ZMZ">ZMZ</collectionCode>
528916); 
<emphasis id="1F8857816B8C3074669DE8B0F273E6A4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">C</emphasis>
- 
<emphasis id="100DE6D609BB90BD0730811F050DA08C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">E</emphasis>
. 
<typeStatus id="F7459752A5BB35507E122420DACACDF2">Syntype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="1698B4BD626B9F0F80A832D0B1D7F209" lsidName="N. michonii" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="michonii">
<emphasis id="34B9850A46F6CA5C246D5663511F2E9F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. michonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Syria (MHNG-MOLL-111706); 
<emphasis id="41F7FCD5B860966CF1F66835BE1C6B21" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">F</emphasis>
- 
<emphasis id="65A87297C0BAB64642DEAFD07301470D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">H</emphasis>
. 
<typeStatus id="05D11147956EDEB6AB03FC9F92BE78E5">Syntype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="5D37590032F6AB907911B8A9EAC6E287" lsidName="N. karasuna" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="karasuna">
<emphasis id="BF915481BBBD6675D6D7FEA19012EF13" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. karasuna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected from the Karasu River, south-eastern Turkey (
<collectionCode id="E5085CF653CD6BB255B455AED2940726" collectionName="ZMZ">ZMZ</collectionCode>
528937); 
<emphasis id="A5DBEE49A0CF8CBF810C0C932A6F2304" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">I</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="17FFD11AC857FDA15568D02EDE69A4CA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">J</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis id="6D73762241993668EBF0F602CAB1312A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">K</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="004F6084CAC227499364E5DF04941F41" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">L</emphasis>
. Two 
<typeStatus id="46B1BDA4B4F7BF8B29E55145CB5E1692">syntypes</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="FE7D573E50323BDC516E162D562100E5" lsidName="N. ponsoti" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="ponsoti">
<emphasis id="8AE843E0E5DF0A29836B4C711CC74284" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. ponsoti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Lake 
<normalizedToken id="7463AC642032988973F6EF7AA2709F52" originalValue="Muzayrīb">Muzayrīb</normalizedToken>
, Syria (MNHN-IM-2000-32754); 
<emphasis id="175C52676B7EA8BA082C4D7D01375036" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">M</emphasis>
. 
<typeStatus id="6909AF66C0600523D8CF4FECD445013B">Syntype</typeStatus>
(labelled as 
<typeStatus id="A42260184AE406CF74610A677A4D48BF">paratype</typeStatus>
) of 
<taxonomicName id="9958F40C7183D735E0F47E4F6731B6F1" lsidName="N. ponsoti" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="ponsoti">
<emphasis id="E5EE25746B3A2B98FA710CBBBE71C8A2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. ponsoti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Lake 
<normalizedToken id="48B200A7EF64F300EE29AD1F73B9177C" originalValue="Muzayrīb">Muzayrīb</normalizedToken>
(
<collectionCode id="CDC89AED2A5AFC6B67359328A8DF29EE" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/etcv-5c5s" name="Mus. Tinro, Vladyvostok" type="">MT</collectionCode>
820, 
<collectionCode id="DE22E345B2DD3C3C95C278CC91C7ABA8" collectionName="RBINS" country="Belgium" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35271" name="Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences" type="Museum">RBINS</collectionCode>
); 
<emphasis id="43A7DD21BCB5139E42EC52214FE4BA60" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N</emphasis>
. 
<typeStatus id="27989651BEF34BD8BCE3EB66FAC54E2E">Syntype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="7AF33AF34614CF5C92788AB12B6FED2D" lsidName="N. jordani var. turris" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="variety" species="jordani" variety="turris">N. jordani var. turris</taxonomicName>
collected in the Sea of Galilee (
<collectionCode id="EAB37E8032DA804BAD3697BDC5035699" collectionName="ZMZ">ZMZ</collectionCode>
528930); 
<emphasis id="3FEC5226ED5F609E60B9440AB4FE5DEC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">O</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="B2867A988C77DA3CCE7F33D8EC2E9437" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">P</emphasis>
. 
<typeStatus id="83164FE6DECE5D68523236A3F5E9EFD3">Syntype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="810E951A171365A3C59EE824F175972D" lsidName="N. bellardii" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="bellardii">
<emphasis id="85DAC4024519C40BDB10CFF7694FBF40" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. bellardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Litani River, Beqaa valley, Lebanon (
<collectionCode id="D9F827B66EC00E697D0877CA27871C61" collectionName="ZMZ">ZMZ</collectionCode>
528918). Scale bars: 
<quantity id="4F2D22B27E3B81B48ECD1E02C23DB266" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="EBF30463907598FDC01C58052CA028B1" doi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376466" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" start="Figure 17" startId="F17">
<paragraph id="BE2A81683B0C9A71DC78A81DB1340FE9" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="5B5B1AA50CF8A34C19C7AAFA9DF5C74D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Figure 17.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="7DD3FC40078E98D3FC7E2B5B605B2099" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus jordani" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jordani">
<emphasis id="74437E6BEDF41570D1E99A546A9D7800" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Theodoxus jordani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(G.B. Sowerby I, 1836). 
<emphasis id="A16748C7515C62E54AEE0AB8CA50669E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">A</emphasis>
- 
<emphasis id="DF8648122C6DC1824D50B19C38F4C152" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">C</emphasis>
. 
<typeStatus id="2268070FD20C1BEC34DAECB7A7AEB335">Syntype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="7121FB8F9E3C68FBF9F2F3E2B13B235B" lsidName="N. meridionalis var. mesopotamica" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="variety" species="meridionalis" variety="mesopotamica">N. meridionalis var. mesopotamica</taxonomicName>
from near 
<normalizedToken id="543C701F6A718024C236AA2AC4623990" originalValue="Diyarbakır">Diyarbakir</normalizedToken>
, Turkey (
<collectionCode id="BBAF3364C20A61AB886F7C0486FDFAEC" collectionName="ZMZ">ZMZ</collectionCode>
528914); 
<emphasis id="6EA9DB1F7C696EE14F69DC4DD1B514D2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">D</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="96DB6F1A0061F448E9610CD7270A1932" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">E</emphasis>
. Specimen (
<taxonomicName id="F028835460B65E4C52B989AAD59AA9A6" lsidName="T. mesopotamicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="mesopotamicus">
<emphasis id="F93AC093122FCD342BF3C81757F6452E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. mesopotamicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-morphotype) collected in 
<normalizedToken id="EAF861691F7A52BCAECEC19B465D6636" originalValue="Şanlıurfa">Sanliurfa</normalizedToken>
, Turkey (
<collectionCode id="E5BE69637FE0A12EA510A4865B3A32CB" collectionName="UGSB">UGSB</collectionCode>
23426) and used in the phylogeny (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="15ABACF74CE02610ACEC122B58697C89" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dated phylogeny of the genus Theodoxus constructed with BEAST, based on existing GenBank and newly incorporated data for COI, 16 S and ATPα (Suppl. material 1: Table S 1). Morphospecies where associations are queried are highlighted by a question mark after the species name (see the &quot; Systematic checklist &quot; for more information). Small green (PP ≥ 0.95) and red (PP &lt;0.95) dots on nodes indicate the relative posterior probability support of divergence events. Node labels (1 - 32) correspond to divergence dates and HPD intervals in millions of years ago (Mya) for selected nodes (see Suppl. material 1: Table S 3). Dashed dark blue and light blue lines represent the minimum interspecific and maximum intraspecific variation determined by Sands et al. (2019 a) to aid Theodoxus spp. delimitation (see see Methods, Phylogenetics and species delimitation and that study for more information on the delimitation methods)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376451" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">2</figureCitation>
); 
<emphasis id="5391FBE0D87BF86D342C854B2551058A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">F</emphasis>
- 
<emphasis id="E516E28F93F6027AE94CB2CF9C6620FB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">H</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis id="915F6DDB1B07C1B1BBE40FEDFD25900B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">K</emphasis>
- 
<emphasis id="906663548F913A9E8AACD1C8EEA0B94D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">M</emphasis>
. Two 
<typeStatus id="17DF9DE34B84FDA48BEA6311E0E3AD1B">syntypes</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="BB4782CE8E4FBCB40AFD6FBB00E88016" lsidName="N. cinctella" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="cinctella">
<emphasis id="720D1515A59D2F351A1F3BE06C0976C0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. cinctella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collected at the source of River Chabur near Ras al-Ayn, Syria (
<collectionCode id="783D1E3BC0369A981DE27536BE525B4E" collectionName="Germany, Berlin, Museum fuer Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitaet" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum f<>r Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" type="Museum">ZMB</collectionCode>
/Moll 21732); 
<emphasis id="4557F7EE291D8F485D6A6831E55C6662" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">I</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="DF0CDE400BC6DC4C1892D2854802F331" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">J</emphasis>
. Topotype of 
<taxonomicName id="AFA42026E24B88AE74CBF38200EFF9A9" lsidName="N. cinctella" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="cinctella">
<emphasis id="FD38389F870464669E0470123FBEF099" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. cinctella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the same locality (
<collectionCode id="7B259AD3B63BE3D937C9CF3945A68022" collectionName="UGSB">UGSB</collectionCode>
18762). Scale bars: 
<quantity id="AD1B2CCF76321E690F88F9CEF7DD7388" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="291CE7266B1F437AE0D4600D2E02C792" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
Although no molecular data could be incorporated, we further synonymise 
<taxonomicName id="A1E821732B7635B02678571BACEC64E9" lsidName="T. octagonus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="octagonus">
<emphasis id="D6E47E53E76FB5C6F5650016C7EB2A5D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. octagonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Eichhorst, 2016 with 
<taxonomicName id="C4A2D6B3BCDB1AE759A7CEAF7BAFE23F" lsidName="T. jordani" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="jordani">
<emphasis id="5D4B3781E2CBD36F88DDBDF57ABBAFA9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. jordani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. While 
<taxonomicName id="14F0CCD1BC376163852FCD4B34DCA459" lsidName="T. octagonus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="octagonus">
<emphasis id="56E0B07C8A2461AE9DD79DFCBBC681D5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. octagonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
maintains a subterranean lifestyle, the species shares a number of characteristics with 
<taxonomicName id="043417A592A109FDBE10431E41A96CEA" lsidName="T. jordani" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="jordani">
<emphasis id="51AE53C54472AF42D2F09AEC33F8A165" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. jordani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
besides overlapping ranges; the operculum structures of the two species are near identical with otherwise large pseudo-apophyses and both occasionally show keeling of the shell. Moreover, key characters used to distinguish 
<taxonomicName id="5E7A0E9BFFAD3402FDD491E8B145C8A4" lsidName="T. octagonus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="octagonus">
<emphasis id="16F5BFD95B63B9FF5916C2591A686317" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. octagonus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, such as the pronounced aperture and colouration of the shells, may be mitigated when intraspecific phenotypic plasticity of both species is considered (
<bibRefCitation id="ED5DE27915DB4423E6D37A8D34F340DD" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00346406" author="Heller, J" journalOrPublisher="Oecologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="98 - 104" refId="B71" refString="Heller, J, 1979. Visual versus non-visual selection of shell colour in an Israeli freshwater snail. Oecologia 44 (1): 98 - 104, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00346406" title="Visual versus non-visual selection of shell colour in an Israeli freshwater snail." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00346406" volume="44" year="1979">Heller 1979</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="E0EAC7414231C3C86E22E627EBB94570" author="Bandel, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem geologisch-palaeontologischen Institut der Universitaet Hamburg" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="65 - 164" refId="B20" refString="Bandel, K, 2001. The history of Theodoxus and Neritina connected with description and systematic evaluation of related Neritimorpha (Gastropoda). Mitteilungen aus dem geologisch-palaeontologischen Institut der Universitaet Hamburg 85: 65 - 164" title="The history of Theodoxus and Neritina connected with description and systematic evaluation of related Neritimorpha (Gastropoda)." volume="85" year="2001">Bandel 2001</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="B91194778334946DD6483B9437E7BE4C" author="Amr, Z" journalOrPublisher="Jordan Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="83 - 115" refId="B11" refString="Amr, Z, Nasarat, H, Neubert, E, 2014. Notes on the current and past freshwater snail fauna of Jordan. Jordan Journal of Natural History 1: 83 - 115" title="Notes on the current and past freshwater snail fauna of Jordan." volume="1" year="2014">Amr et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="E5232AB7D70E52AEAB7FAD6404AADBED" author="Eichhorst, TE" journalOrPublisher="ConchBooks, Hackenheim, Germany" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" refId="B48" refString="Eichhorst, TE, 2016. Neritidae of the World. Vol. 2. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, Germany" title="Neritidae of the World. Vol. 2." year="2016">Eichhorst 2016</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="DC2980FB3B789EB8BCA80578D1E4AFD4" author="Mienis, HK" journalOrPublisher="Ellipsaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="37 - 38" refId="B102" refString="Mienis, HK, Rittner, O, 2017. Some information concerning Theodoxus (Neritaea) octagonus Eichhorst, 2016, an endemic subterranean species from Israel. Ellipsaria 19 (2): 37 - 38" title="Some information concerning Theodoxus (Neritaea) octagonus Eichhorst, 2016, an endemic subterranean species from Israel." volume="19" year="2017">Mienis and Rittner 2017</bibRefCitation>
; Figs 
<figureCitation id="F1399CD2CA045E4FE5506D3C7DC74DAD" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Theodoxus jordani (G. B. Sowerby I, 1836). A - D. Specimen from the Avakas Gorge, Peyia, Cyprus (UGSB 18321) incorporated into the phylogeny (Fig. 2); E - H. Specimen collected in the Ceyhan River, Eski Misis, Adana, Turkey (UGSB 20777); I - L. Specimen from the Orontes River, Antakya, Hatay, Turkey (UGSB 24175) used in the phylogeny (Fig. 2); M - O. Specimen (T. euphraticus - morphotype) from the Seyed Hosein Park spring, near the Bishapur, Fars, Iran (UGSB 22233); P - R. Topotype of N. jordani from the River Jordan, Israel (UGSB 24177) incorporated into the phylogeny (Fig. 2); S, T. Specimen (T. euphraticus - morphotype) from the Karun River, Ahvaz, Iran (UGSB 21681); U. Specimen (T. niloticus - morphotype) collected in the Nile River, Egypt (UGSB 24178) used in the phylogeny (Fig. 2); V. Specimen (T. euphraticus - morphotype) from the Karun River, Ahvaz, Iran (UGSB 21682). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376464" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">15</figureCitation>
- 
<figureCitation id="687503BCD526787B82B0B967D4729563" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Theodoxus jordani (G. B. Sowerby I, 1836). A - C. Syntype of N. meridionalis var. mesopotamica from near Diyarbakir, Turkey (ZMZ 528914); D, E. Specimen (T. mesopotamicus - morphotype) collected in Sanliurfa, Turkey (UGSB 23426) and used in the phylogeny (Fig. 2); F - H; K - M. Two syntypes of N. cinctella collected at the source of River Chabur near Ras al-Ayn, Syria (ZMB / Moll 21732); I, J. Topotype of N. cinctella from the same locality (UGSB 18762). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376466" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">17</figureCitation>
). Likewise, the taxa 
<taxonomicName id="6F64AD8B8115A8E73A55C0983A927B41" lsidName="N. bellardii" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="bellardii">
<emphasis id="555BC55A0AFBF8BEB5734BC4F8925797" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. bellardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Mousson, 1854, 
<taxonomicName id="9D0E8959FE5B48527524CB99E0219FB5" lsidName="N. jordani var. turris" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="variety" species="jordani" variety="turris">N. jordani var. turris</taxonomicName>
Mousson, 1861, 
<taxonomicName id="F732FA90CFBF19A885A6A4515DD5C53E" lsidName="N. ponsoti" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="ponsoti">
<emphasis id="6B8BB490CBE67E7ABF8471AA7A98C830" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. ponsoti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Pallary, 1930, 
<taxonomicName id="AFD1A53DE4DC5C1FB5458E5A04986CDE" lsidName="N. homsensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="homsensis">
<emphasis id="784E493E6B89AF0450C14195719507C7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. homsensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Pallary, 1939, 
<taxonomicName id="80964604980BCB25BEF0A07AA7E078F3" lsidName="T. jordani var. unicarinatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="variety" species="jordani" variety="unicarinatus">T. jordani var. unicarinatus</taxonomicName>
Picard, 1934, 
<taxonomicName id="4E831DE0774CDA0D2F1E49A9C9ED47DA" lsidName="T. jordani var. bicarinatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="variety" species="jordani" variety="bicarinatus">T. jordani var. bicarinatus</taxonomicName>
Picard, 1934, 
<taxonomicName id="FCC7ECAF6E1429767FD56D0058493C89" lsidName="N. gombaulti" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="gombaulti">
<emphasis id="21EA94DE7B89EF8E8AB391D76C15C4E1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. gombaulti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Pallary, 1939, 
<taxonomicName id="53091C43D0AE0F131E4612A57DBA9F24" authority="tricarinatus" lsidName="T. jordani" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="jordani">
<emphasis id="AC1D0AD2C2967931365678C5B58D818C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. jordani tricarinatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="377AEF67076A48F048DE29C72B0F57A5" originalValue="Schütt">Schuett</normalizedToken>
in 
<normalizedToken id="1FCA833C7C3C2E8EE224478F63DFAF04" originalValue="Schütt">Schuett</normalizedToken>
&amp; Ortal, 1993, and 
<taxonomicName id="A171CF3C0E077FA56D9837019D7B8119" lsidName="T. pliocostulatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="pliocostulatus">
<emphasis id="634D3EEC01058CF7D8A4EC03B918A796" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. pliocostulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="9311F0ABA07D0C415416190A5F5E79B1" originalValue="Schütt">Schuett</normalizedToken>
in 
<normalizedToken id="DD1853E50B51E2F5E9181D5CC86C8526" originalValue="Schütt">Schuett</normalizedToken>
&amp; Ortal, 1993 are well within the variability of 
<taxonomicName id="20C3FBA7FE77A6F568FBA46769A25085" lsidName="T. jordani" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="jordani">
<emphasis id="893387E220B79332DCEC6066D25A5996" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. jordani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and are considered junior synonyms herein as well.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0267051A0D75B543F838CB427BBBF9C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
Regarding the phylogenetic placement of 
<taxonomicName id="ADBEB740B080DD1C672DB887667A237B" lsidName="T. jordani" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="jordani">
<emphasis id="9E808C19C7CBBCDA83B54D5793CD9EA9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. jordani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="937F65881941F37EBFB68F3FA35494C9" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.06.026" author="Bunje, PME" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="373 - 387" refId="B35" refString="Bunje, PME, Lindberg, DR, 2007. Lineage divergence of a freshwater snail clade associated with post-Tethys marine basin development. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 42 (2): 373 - 387, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.06.026" title="Lineage divergence of a freshwater snail clade associated with post-Tethys marine basin development." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.06.026" volume="42" year="2007">Bunje and Lindberg (2007)</bibRefCitation>
found 
<taxonomicName id="3BC85B562211F0448B5B595790C89B2C" lsidName="T. jordani" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="jordani">
<emphasis id="897919F1E442679F5C539E738660CD42" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. jordani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to form a sister species to 
<taxonomicName id="046BAFA26023D3FD6BF7DA37E158A9CE" lsidName="T. baeticus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="baeticus">
<emphasis id="BAC383AA1938A3C2EFFCA8EC2C2AC9CF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. baeticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="2D197558D946386DA3297E8105937971" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" author="Sands, AF" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Biogeography" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="1274 - 1286" refId="B138" refString="Sands, AF, Sereda, SV, Stelbrink, B, Neubauer, TA, Lazarev, S, Wilke, T, Albrecht, C, 2019a. Contributions of biogeographical functions to species accumulation may change over time in refugial regions. Journal of Biogeography 46 (6): 1274 - 1286, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" title="Contributions of biogeographical functions to species accumulation may change over time in refugial regions." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" volume="46" year="2019 a">Sands et al. (2019a)</bibRefCitation>
reaffirmed this clade but found further support for a number of other species not included by 
<bibRefCitation id="2AB38902ED0ABF1EC099880799D07D68" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.06.026" author="Bunje, PME" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="373 - 387" refId="B35" refString="Bunje, PME, Lindberg, DR, 2007. Lineage divergence of a freshwater snail clade associated with post-Tethys marine basin development. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 42 (2): 373 - 387, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.06.026" title="Lineage divergence of a freshwater snail clade associated with post-Tethys marine basin development." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2006.06.026" volume="42" year="2007">Bunje and Lindberg (2007)</bibRefCitation>
, including 
<taxonomicName id="739D9354E96C5513AB11DF128C7CD03A" lsidName="T. macri" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="macri">
<emphasis id="5A6721F5C6E9741F2A9D6F66E7CFB2B7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. macri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which 
<bibRefCitation id="452C54985FF1A97CE17F8E9BA54D8105" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" author="Sands, AF" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Biogeography" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="1274 - 1286" refId="B138" refString="Sands, AF, Sereda, SV, Stelbrink, B, Neubauer, TA, Lazarev, S, Wilke, T, Albrecht, C, 2019a. Contributions of biogeographical functions to species accumulation may change over time in refugial regions. Journal of Biogeography 46 (6): 1274 - 1286, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" title="Contributions of biogeographical functions to species accumulation may change over time in refugial regions." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" volume="46" year="2019 a">Sands et al. (2019a)</bibRefCitation>
found to be the closest sister species to 
<taxonomicName id="31B0184CD6A252FA1EA28208D55BDBCE" lsidName="T. jordani" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="jordani">
<emphasis id="13A965F16023F0918BE41E908FF53C79" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. jordani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(also see Fig. 
<figureCitation id="9117C853AEDC1C241080A0FEB55BFF3E" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dated phylogeny of the genus Theodoxus constructed with BEAST, based on existing GenBank and newly incorporated data for COI, 16 S and ATPα (Suppl. material 1: Table S 1). Morphospecies where associations are queried are highlighted by a question mark after the species name (see the &quot; Systematic checklist &quot; for more information). Small green (PP ≥ 0.95) and red (PP &lt;0.95) dots on nodes indicate the relative posterior probability support of divergence events. Node labels (1 - 32) correspond to divergence dates and HPD intervals in millions of years ago (Mya) for selected nodes (see Suppl. material 1: Table S 3). Dashed dark blue and light blue lines represent the minimum interspecific and maximum intraspecific variation determined by Sands et al. (2019 a) to aid Theodoxus spp. delimitation (see see Methods, Phylogenetics and species delimitation and that study for more information on the delimitation methods)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376451" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">2</figureCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="E72050B573E4D9F3BB13733BEDEE8B89" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus jordani" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jordani">
<emphasis id="A418AA0B45672974853F6061EA044D72" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Theodoxus jordani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="2F710CA5DB3AACA893A7F0A44E2B6923" lsidName="T. macri" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="macri">
<emphasis id="CBC0F4C752B8B9DBD62147F823A4FF72" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. macri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
likely diverged in the early Pleistocene (
<bibRefCitation id="B8FDA848B7B5EE7BD904DAA011167EC0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" author="Sands, AF" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Biogeography" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="1274 - 1286" refId="B138" refString="Sands, AF, Sereda, SV, Stelbrink, B, Neubauer, TA, Lazarev, S, Wilke, T, Albrecht, C, 2019a. Contributions of biogeographical functions to species accumulation may change over time in refugial regions. Journal of Biogeography 46 (6): 1274 - 1286, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" title="Contributions of biogeographical functions to species accumulation may change over time in refugial regions." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" volume="46" year="2019 a">Sands et al. 2019a</bibRefCitation>
; Fig. 
<figureCitation id="36507A314B6F762D48F626127B3BF18B" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Dated phylogeny of the genus Theodoxus constructed with BEAST, based on existing GenBank and newly incorporated data for COI, 16 S and ATPα (Suppl. material 1: Table S 1). Morphospecies where associations are queried are highlighted by a question mark after the species name (see the &quot; Systematic checklist &quot; for more information). Small green (PP ≥ 0.95) and red (PP &lt;0.95) dots on nodes indicate the relative posterior probability support of divergence events. Node labels (1 - 32) correspond to divergence dates and HPD intervals in millions of years ago (Mya) for selected nodes (see Suppl. material 1: Table S 3). Dashed dark blue and light blue lines represent the minimum interspecific and maximum intraspecific variation determined by Sands et al. (2019 a) to aid Theodoxus spp. delimitation (see see Methods, Phylogenetics and species delimitation and that study for more information on the delimitation methods)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376451" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CADC9CDA22C0AAD71B35B9190AE2DFD2" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
Notes on synonymy and homonymy: 
<bibRefCitation id="1435E7CB4A9BD42FA54AB8F8B03EEB16" author="Martens, Ev" journalOrPublisher="Novitates Conchologicae, Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 127" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12980992" refId="B98" refString="Martens, Ev, 1874. Ueber vorderasiatische Conchylien nach den Sammlungen des Prof. Hausknecht. Novitates Conchologicae, Supplement 5: 1 - 127, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12980992" title="Ueber vorderasiatische Conchylien nach den Sammlungen des Prof. Hausknecht." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12980992" volume="5" year="1874">Martens (1874)</bibRefCitation>
described two taxa from the Chabur River near Ras al-Aynin Syria, 
<taxonomicName id="7677DE29D557EE837AFDA77B1092BE28" authorityName="Martens" authorityYear="1874" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina cinctella" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cinctella">
<emphasis id="780F1353126A48E7F14E17852E7C9388" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Neritina cinctella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Martens, 1874 and 
<taxonomicName id="1E914935DD93AB95509D0F54571ECA63" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina anatolica var. mesopotamica" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="variety" species="anatolica" variety="mesopotamica">Neritina anatolica var. mesopotamica</taxonomicName>
Martens, 1874. The latter variety is a junior homonym of 
<taxonomicName id="548C6D1F13B1DD62E0925EE6A7B20EB2" lsidName="N. meridionalis var. mesopotamica" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="variety" species="meridionalis" variety="mesopotamica">N. meridionalis var. mesopotamica</taxonomicName>
Mousson, 1874, which was published earlier (see also the discussion in the postface of 
<bibRefCitation id="2EEEC4D8AED83B51C0637CCA57A0FC3F" author="Martens, Ev" journalOrPublisher="Novitates Conchologicae, Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 127" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12980992" refId="B98" refString="Martens, Ev, 1874. Ueber vorderasiatische Conchylien nach den Sammlungen des Prof. Hausknecht. Novitates Conchologicae, Supplement 5: 1 - 127, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12980992" title="Ueber vorderasiatische Conchylien nach den Sammlungen des Prof. Hausknecht." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12980992" volume="5" year="1874">Martens 1874</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="4BC63BE5E576AFC6F7F492EFFF84A876" author="Martens, Ev" journalOrPublisher="Bauer &amp; Raspe, Nuernberg" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" publicationUrl="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" refId="B99" refString="Martens, Ev, 1879. Die Gattung Neritina. - Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz 2 (10). Bauer &amp; Raspe, Nuernberg, https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" title="Die Gattung Neritina. - Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz 2 (10)." url="https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/52484536" year="1879">Martens 1879</bibRefCitation>
). Based on newly collected material, 
<bibRefCitation id="995B7113EA2160A2A045F9144C3789A9" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1989.10637575" author="Schuett, H" journalOrPublisher="Zoology in the Middle East" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="55 - 58" refId="B144" refString="Schuett, H, Sesen, R, 1989a. The freshwater molluscs of Ceylanpinar. Zoology in the Middle East 3 (1): 55 - 58, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1989.10637575" title="The freshwater molluscs of Ceylanpinar." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/09397140.1989.10637575" volume="3" year="1989 a">
<normalizedToken id="88B70700F27A1BA40E6DEA9A56EEB582" originalValue="Schütt">Schuett</normalizedToken>
and 
<normalizedToken id="8EBFC4AEFA26E543B16015E8540E57E4" originalValue="Şeşen">Sesen</normalizedToken>
(1989a
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="186A8617E6880100DE91D2A6DD3C5DFD" author="Schuett, H" journalOrPublisher="Basteria" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="39 - 46" refId="B145" refString="Schuett, H, Sesen, R, 1989b. Theodoxus in South-eastern Anatolia, Turkey (Gastropoda Prosobranchia, Neritidae). Basteria 53 (1-3): 39 - 46" title="Theodoxus in South-eastern Anatolia, Turkey (Gastropoda Prosobranchia, Neritidae)." volume="53" year="1989 b">1989b</bibRefCitation>
) considered all three taxa (
<taxonomicName id="B583F4C30F36C77B70197C9C12F6AB71" authorityName="Martens" authorityYear="1874" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Neritina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neritina cinctella" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cinctella">
<emphasis id="58BBA80C8159CFEB6DA367E7BB435D87" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Neritina cinctella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="AFF02086757212F4B018F83A80517476" lsidName="N. anatolica var. mesopotamica" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="variety" species="anatolica" variety="mesopotamica">N. anatolica var. mesopotamica</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4681E19EDE213E3011F6F9F13A37F699" lsidName="N. meridionalis var. mesopotamica" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="variety" species="meridionalis" variety="mesopotamica">N. meridionalis var. mesopotamica</taxonomicName>
) to belong to the same species given multiple intermediate forms. Although they were aware of the homonymy issue and that 
<normalizedToken id="0AF774FE487D938C2A79AD3D0E149716" originalValue="Mousson’s">Mousson's</normalizedToken>
name has priority, they erroneously chose 
<taxonomicName id="37184266F6DA223C9DD0BD4111337939" lsidName="T. cinctellus" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="cinctellus">
<emphasis id="1E9B288CA02FAD7943FAED1173257CC0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">T. cinctellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the name of the species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D98326FBDABE6D3A496F3FBF8C2CFAB6" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="AC690ABE6AF931CA6831C4AFB65A913B" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="839896585E090A39A14AA3417D622B6B" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="DC9CFE99B7E8FE5E6BE3E9655DBE1117" class="Gastropoda" family="Neritidae" genus="Theodoxus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Theodoxus jordani" order="Cycloneritida" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="jordani">
<emphasis id="0685A8E939D863219C4A08D3512B952D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">Theodoxus jordani</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is common throughout southern Anatolia, the Levant, Mesopotamia, and parts of the Middle East, extending to at least southern Iran, although it is probably not found eastward of the Zagros Mountains (
<bibRefCitation id="2E5C0F9A7CECBCEB36371F77DE16F4A9" author="Roth, G" editor="Krupp, F" journalOrPublisher="Dr. ludwig Reichert Verlag, Wiesbaden, Germany" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="72 - 79" refId="B136" refString="Roth, G, 1987. Data on the distribution and faunal history of the genus Theodoxus in the Middle East (Gastropoda: Neritidae). In: Krupp, F, Schneider, W, Kinzelbach, R, Eds., Proceedings of the Symposium on the Fauna and Zoogeography of the Middle East. Dr. ludwig Reichert Verlag, Wiesbaden, Germany: 72 - 79" title="Data on the distribution and faunal history of the genus Theodoxus in the Middle East (Gastropoda: Neritidae)." volumeTitle="Proceedings of the Symposium on the Fauna and Zoogeography of the Middle East." year="1987">Roth 1987</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="5A842C9CC7E2E846649DCACCEE44C04D" author="Schuett, H" journalOrPublisher="Basteria" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="39 - 46" refId="B145" refString="Schuett, H, Sesen, R, 1989b. Theodoxus in South-eastern Anatolia, Turkey (Gastropoda Prosobranchia, Neritidae). Basteria 53 (1-3): 39 - 46" title="Theodoxus in South-eastern Anatolia, Turkey (Gastropoda Prosobranchia, Neritidae)." volume="53" year="1989 b">
<normalizedToken id="753A302D793CD2D761E1456F1A3FCE45" originalValue="Schütt">Schuett</normalizedToken>
and 
<normalizedToken id="68C7BACE93DF2E4E682F8A7DED4872BA" originalValue="Şeşen">Sesen</normalizedToken>
1989b
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="F5EC08DC67A4368C878A93373C8DA463" author="Bandel, K" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem geologisch-palaeontologischen Institut der Universitaet Hamburg" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="65 - 164" refId="B20" refString="Bandel, K, 2001. The history of Theodoxus and Neritina connected with description and systematic evaluation of related Neritimorpha (Gastropoda). Mitteilungen aus dem geologisch-palaeontologischen Institut der Universitaet Hamburg 85: 65 - 164" title="The history of Theodoxus and Neritina connected with description and systematic evaluation of related Neritimorpha (Gastropoda)." volume="85" year="2001">Bandel 2001</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="C7BB02C421BBA92A34758D958F495516" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" author="Sands, AF" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Biogeography" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="1274 - 1286" refId="B138" refString="Sands, AF, Sereda, SV, Stelbrink, B, Neubauer, TA, Lazarev, S, Wilke, T, Albrecht, C, 2019a. Contributions of biogeographical functions to species accumulation may change over time in refugial regions. Journal of Biogeography 46 (6): 1274 - 1286, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" title="Contributions of biogeographical functions to species accumulation may change over time in refugial regions." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" volume="46" year="2019 a">Sands et al. 2019a</bibRefCitation>
; Fig. 
<figureCitation id="F95C5666EC6FD07F51514FF9009D0507" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Occurrence map for Theodoxus spp. in Asia. All points conform to specimens used in the phylogenetic analyses (Suppl. material 1: Table S 1), except for T. gloeri for which no molecular data are available and only the type and paratype localities are indicated. Species are partitioned across four identical maps (A - D) to limit overlap of points as far as possible. Barring T. gloeri, closer related species are grouped together (Fig. 2)." figureDoi="10.3897/zse.96.48312.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/376452" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">3A</figureCitation>
). It is also present on Cyprus and in the Nile River system, Egypt (
<bibRefCitation id="A51BE9B26EE1A6D189638E0FFA053CAB" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" author="Sands, AF" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Biogeography" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="1274 - 1286" refId="B138" refString="Sands, AF, Sereda, SV, Stelbrink, B, Neubauer, TA, Lazarev, S, Wilke, T, Albrecht, C, 2019a. Contributions of biogeographical functions to species accumulation may change over time in refugial regions. Journal of Biogeography 46 (6): 1274 - 1286, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" title="Contributions of biogeographical functions to species accumulation may change over time in refugial regions." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.13590" volume="46" year="2019 a">Sands et al. 2019a</bibRefCitation>
). Some records of this species from Iran and Iraq (e.g. 
<taxonomicName id="D38F6BA978FCF6786BF9C1B84FF4D42F" lsidName="N. mesopotamica" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="mesopotamica">
<emphasis id="8AB7E16E5C5E20CF5EDCDB34F0D96D06" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. mesopotamica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sensu 
<bibRefCitation id="C97DD3086CA9556F8540B1BC923EEB1C" author="Mansoorian, AB" journalOrPublisher="Iranian International Journal of Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="96 - 103" refId="B95" refString="Mansoorian, AB, 2001. Freshwater Gastropod of Khuzestan Province, South-West Iran. Iranian International Journal of Science 2 (2): 96 - 103" title="Freshwater Gastropod of Khuzestan Province, South-West Iran." volume="2" year="2001">Mansoorian 2001</bibRefCitation>
) may be misidentifications of 
<taxonomicName id="92D636035FCFF6F50716FC64067F2747" lsidName="N. schlaeflii" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="schlaeflii">
<emphasis id="0FA8F28B964C29ABDB69999DAEFB625D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="25">N. schlaeflii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Mousson, 1874 which inhabits the lower reaches of the Euphrates, Karun, and Tigris rivers, as well as other brackish water systems around the Persian Gulf (
<bibRefCitation id="068876E73B0C0B5377BDE7CE53BBEC94" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406" author="Gloeer, P" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="25" pagination="11 - 61" refId="B63" refString="Gloeer, P, Pesic, V, 2012. The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species. ZooKeys 219: 11 - 61, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406" title="The freshwater snails (Gastropoda) of Iran, with descriptions of two new genera and eight new species." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.219.3406" volume="219" year="2012">
<normalizedToken id="585B1DD9350CF71E174853390564B2D4" originalValue="Glöer">Gloeer</normalizedToken>
and 
<normalizedToken id="29A1046BB25814756F0B74BC9AF2B5B8" originalValue="Pešić">Pesic</normalizedToken>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>