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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.503.9590" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2c8bc8f7-8c6b-4f07-bb90-d835cc1c17f5" ID-PMC="PMC4440273" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-503-89" ID-PubMed="26019672" ID-ZBK="25D68B1C6ACF47D4BD779C3CCEDC0E86" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-503-89" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 503" ModsDocTitle="Alpha taxonomy of the genus Kessleria Nowicki, 1864, revisited in light of DNA-barcoding (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutidae)" checkinTime="1451244335775" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Huemer, Peter &amp; Mutanen, Marko" docDate="2015" docId="708D73BCD676D523F4500BDF5E1F6F4C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 503: 89-133" docOrigin="ZooKeys 503" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.503.9590" docTitle="Kessleria orobiae Huemer &amp; Mutanen, 2015, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="86461879-486E-49A4-9004-D35885EAED96" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="112" masterDocId="1614FFA4B956FFCEFFFEFFA5FF95032D" masterDocTitle="Alpha taxonomy of the genus Kessleria Nowicki, 1864, revisited in light of DNA-barcoding (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutidae)" masterLastPageNumber="133" masterPageNumber="89" pageNumber="107" updateTime="1668160331445" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Alpha taxonomy of the genus Kessleria Nowicki, 1864, revisited in light of DNA-barcoding (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Huemer, Peter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number>503</mods:number>
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<mods:start>89</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.503.9590</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.503.9590</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152060037" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:86461879-486E-49A4-9004-D35885EAED96" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/708D73BCD676D523F4500BDF5E1F6F4C" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="18" pageNumber="107">
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="107" type="multiple">
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="107">Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Yponomeutidae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="107" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="107">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/86461879-486E-49A4-9004-D35885EAED96" class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria orobiae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orobiae">Kessleria orobiae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="18" pageNumber="107">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="107" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="107">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="107">
Holotype. ♂, &quot;ITALIA sept. Prov. Bergamo, Alpi Orobie Zambla Alta - Plassa
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="9.796667">9°47'48&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="45.903336">45°54'12&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
1160 m, 24.6.2013 leg. Huemer&quot; &quot;DNA Barcode TLMF Lep 09972&quot; &quot;YPO 160 ♂ P. Huemer&quot; (TLMF).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="107">
Paratypes. Italy: 6 ♂, 6 ♀, same data, DNA barcode IDs TLMF Lep 09971, TLMF Lep 09973 (TLMF); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same data, but e.l. 11.7.2013 (TLMF); 7 ♂, 2 ♀, same data, but leg. Mayr (coll. Mayr, Feldkirch); 1 ♂, Prov. Bergamo, Alpi Orobie, Val
<normalizedToken originalValue="d´Arera">d'Arera</normalizedToken>
, 2000 m, 14.-15.8.1992, leg. Huemer (TLMF); 1 ♀, Prov. Bergamo, Alpi Orobie, W. Ca. San Marco, 2100 m, e.l. 31.7.1992, leg. Huemer &amp; Tarmann, DNA barcode ID TLMF Lep 03175 (TLMF).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="108" pageId="18" pageNumber="107" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="107">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="108">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria orobiae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orobiae">
<pageBreakToken pageId="19" pageNumber="108" start="start">Kessleria</pageBreakToken>
orobiae
</taxonomicName>
largely resembles other taxa of the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria albescens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albescens">Kessleria albescens</taxonomicName>
-group in wing markings and colour, and cannot be unambiguously separated (Figs 39-48). Similarly, female genitalia exhibit no significant diagnostic characters for discrimination at species level (Figs 59-66, and
<bibRefCitation author="Huemer, P" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Muenchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="34" pageNumber="123" pagination="5 - 110" title="Westpalaearktische Gespinstmotten der Gattung Kessleria Nowicki: Taxonomie, Oekologie, Verbreitung (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutidae)." volume="81" year="1992">Huemer and Tarmann 1992</bibRefCitation>
). The most reliable diagnostic characters in the species-group are found in the male genitalia (Figs 49-58).
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria orobiae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orobiae">Kessleria orobiae</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria klimeschi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="klimeschi">Kessleria klimeschi</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria albescens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albescens">Kessleria albescens</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria helvetica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helvetica">Kessleria helvetica</taxonomicName>
by a much shorter saccus (0.32 mm vs. minimum 0.38-0.58 mm) which is only about half the length of the valva compared to the minimum 0.75 times the length of the valva in the other species. In
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria inexpectata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inexpectata">Kessleria inexpectata</taxonomicName>
the saccus is slightly longer and furthermore without the apical widening of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria orobiae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orobiae">Kessleria orobiae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria albescens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albescens">Kessleria albescens</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria helvetica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helvetica">Kessleria helvetica</taxonomicName>
. The two needle-shaped cornuti are similar in all species, with the exception of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria klimeschi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="klimeschi">Kessleria klimeschi</taxonomicName>
with only one needle-shaped and one sub-ovate cornutus, and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria helvetica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helvetica">Kessleria helvetica</taxonomicName>
with cornuti of about 0.50 mm in length. The female genitalia largely resemble other species of the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria albescens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albescens">Kessleria albescens</taxonomicName>
-group with only quantitative differences, such as a longer ductus bursae than in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria albescens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albescens">Kessleria albescens</taxonomicName>
(1.6 mm vs. 1.3-1.4 mm), and the overall length of genitalia which exceeds
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria klimeschi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="klimeschi">Kessleria klimeschi</taxonomicName>
(4.2 mm vs. 3.5 mm).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="19" pageNumber="108">
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="108">
Figures 49-54.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Kessleria</taxonomicName>
male genitalia. 49
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria klimeschi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="klimeschi">Kessleria klimeschi</taxonomicName>
, holotype, Italy, Prov. Udine, Montasio, Malga Pecol, 1600 m, 24.6.1989 e.l., leg. Huemer &amp; Tarmann, genitalia slide YPO 17 (TLMF) 50 idem, cornuti enlarged 51
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria helvetica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helvetica">Kessleria helvetica</taxonomicName>
, holotype, Switzerland, Wallis, Zermatt, 1850 m, 10.8.1980, leg. Whitebread, gen. slide 350 Whitebread (DNA barcode ID TLMF Lep 01868) (TLMF) 52 idem, distal part of phallus enlarged 53
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria inexpectata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inexpectata">Kessleria inexpectata</taxonomicName>
, paratype, France, Dep. Alpes Maritimes, Marguareis W-Hang, Navela, 2100-2200 m, 21.-23.7.1990, leg. Huemer &amp; Tarmann, gen. slide YPO 63 (TLMF) 54 idem, distal part of phallus enlarged.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="19" pageNumber="108">
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="108">
Figures 55-58.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Kessleria</taxonomicName>
male genitalia. 55
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria orobiae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orobiae">Kessleria orobiae</taxonomicName>
sp. n., holotype, Zambla Alta - Plassa, 1160 m, 24.6.2013 leg. Huemer, gen. slie YPO 160 (TLMF) 56 idem, distal part of phallus enlarged 57
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria albescens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albescens">Kessleria albescens</taxonomicName>
, ♂, Italy, Monte Baldo, Bocca di Navene, 14.7.1987, leg. Huemer &amp; Tarmann, gen. slide YPO 19 (DNA barcode ID TLMF Lep 03131) (TLMF) 58 idem, distal part of phallus enlarged.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="19" pageNumber="108">
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="108">
Figures 59-62.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Kessleria</taxonomicName>
female genitalia. 59
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria klimeschi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="klimeschi">Kessleria klimeschi</taxonomicName>
, paratype, Italy, Prov. Udine, Montasio, Malga Pecol, 1600 m, 24.6.1989 e.l., leg. Huemer &amp; Tarmann, gen. slide YPO 76 (TLMF) 60
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria inexpectata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inexpectata">Kessleria inexpectata</taxonomicName>
, paratype, France, Dep. Alpes Maritimes, Marguareis W-Hang, Navela, 2100-2200 m, 21.-23.7.1990, leg. Huemer &amp; Tarmann, gen. slide YPO 74 (TLMF) 61
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria orobiae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orobiae">Kessleria orobiae</taxonomicName>
sp. n., paratype, Zambla Alta - Plassa, 1160 m, 24.6.2013, leg. Huemer, gen. slide YPO 161 (TLMF) 62
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria albescens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albescens">Kessleria albescens</taxonomicName>
, Italy, Monte Baldo, Bocca di Navene, 14.7.1987, leg. Huemer &amp; Tarmann (TLMF).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="19" pageNumber="108">
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="108">
Figures 63-66.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Kessleria</taxonomicName>
female genitalia, details of VIII abdominal segment enlarged. 63
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria klimeschi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="klimeschi">Kessleria klimeschi</taxonomicName>
, paratype, Italy, Prov. Udine, Montasio, Malga Pecol, 1600 m, 24.6.1989 e.l., leg. Huemer &amp; Tarmann, gen. slide YPO 76 (TLMF) 64
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria inexpectata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inexpectata">Kessleria inexpectata</taxonomicName>
, paratype, France, Dep. Alpes Maritimes, Marguareis W-Hang, Navela, 2100-2200 m, 21.-23.7.1990, leg. Huemer &amp; Tarmann, gen. slide YPO 74 (TLMF) 65
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria orobiae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orobiae">Kessleria orobiae</taxonomicName>
sp. n., paratype, Zambla Alta - Plassa, 1160 m, 24.6.2013, leg. Huemer, gen. slide YPO 161 (TLMF) 66
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria albescens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albescens">Kessleria albescens</taxonomicName>
, Italy, Monte Baldo, Bocca di Navene, 14.7.1987, leg. Huemer &amp; Tarmann (TLMF).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="19" pageNumber="108" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="108">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="19" pageNumber="108">
Male (Fig. 45). Head covered with white hair-like scales; antennae ringed dark grey and whitish; thorax and tegulae mixed dark grey and white, distally predominantly white, particularly tegulae. Forewing length 6.7-7.3 mm (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ø">O</normalizedToken>
7.03 mm; n=6); ground colour whitish-grey, intensively mottled with blackish-grey spots all over
<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="109" start="start">wing</pageBreakToken>
, few ochre-brown scales in dorsal part; blackish-grey patches at base of costa and at end of cell, oblique blackish-grey fascia at about 1/3 to 1/2 narrow and indistinct, medially separated; termen whitish-grey; fringes white, basally with distinct blackish-grey cilia line, apex with small dark grey tip. Hindwing dark grey, fringes with dark grey base, distal part white.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="109">
Female (Fig. 46). As male. Head covered with white hair-like scales; antennae ringed dark grey and whitish; thorax and tegulae mixed dark grey and white, distally predominantly white, particularly tegulae. Forewing length 5.9-6.6 mm (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ø">O</normalizedToken>
8.18 mm; n=5); ground colour whitish-grey, intensively mottled with blackish-grey spots all over wing, few ochre-brown scales in dorsal part; blackish-grey patches at base of costa and at end of cell, oblique blackish-grey fascia at about 1/3 to 1/2 narrow and indistinct, medially separated; termen whitish-grey; fringes white, basally with distinct blackish-grey cilia line, apex with small dark grey tip. Hindwing dark grey, fringes with dark grey base, distal part white.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="20" pageNumber="109">
Male genitalia (Figs 55-56). Socii long and slender, with apical spine; anterior margin of tegumen with medial process; gnathos broadly tongue-shaped, smooth; valva slender, length 0.60 mm, maximum width 0.18 mm; densely covered with long hairs in medial part and short setae on ventromedial margin, apical part ventrally convex, costa strongly sclerotized without dentation; sacculus oval, weakly confined,
<pageBreakToken pageId="21" pageNumber="110" start="start">densely</pageBreakToken>
covered with strong setae; saccus moderate in length, about 0.32 mm, stout, distally widened with rounded apex; phallus 1.34 mm long, slender, uneverted vesica with ca. 0.70 mm long sclerotized apical part, including two prominent needle-shaped cornuti of about 0.40 mm length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="112" pageId="22" pageNumber="111">
<pageBreakToken pageId="22" pageNumber="111" start="start">Female</pageBreakToken>
genitalia (Figs 61, 65). Genitalia ca. 4.2 mm in length; papilla analis large, densely covered with long setae; apophysis posterior rod like, ca. 0.70 mm, about length of apophysis anterior; apophysis anterior rod like; posterior part bi
<pageBreakToken pageId="23" pageNumber="112" start="start">furcated</pageBreakToken>
with straight dorsal and inwardly curved ventral branch; ventral branch descending into patch like sclerite; lamella postvaginalis with sclerotized lateral patches, covered with microtrichia, medially membranous, posterolaterally with hump, covered with some long setae; ostium bursae membranous; antrum weakly developed, ring-like; ductus bursae long, about 1.6 mm, weakly curved in posterior part, from entrance of ductus seminalis to almost transition to corpus bursae densely covered with finely granulous sculpture; sculpture in posterior part nearly bacillary, distally increasingly granulous, entrance to corpus bursae widened, without sculpture; corpus bursae about 1.7 mm in length, saccate, posterior part folded, without signum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="112" type="molecular data">
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="112">Molecular data.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="112">
The average intraspecific divergence of the barcode region is low with 0.31%, ranging from a minimum of 0.15% to a maximum of 0.46% (n=5). The minimum distance to the nearest neighbour
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria albescens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albescens">Kessleria albescens</taxonomicName>
is 2.66%, whereas the minimum divergence to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria inexpectata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inexpectata">Kessleria inexpectata</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria helvetica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helvetica">Kessleria helvetica</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria klimeschi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="klimeschi">Kessleria klimeschi</taxonomicName>
ranges from 3.14% and 3.46% to 9.53%, respectively.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="112" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="112">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="112">The species name refers to the Orobian Alps (Alpi Orobie) in northern Italy, where the type locality is situated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="112" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="112">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="112">(Fig. 67). Only known from Zambla Alta - Plassa and few nearby localities in the Orobian Alps (Prov. Bergamo, Italy).</paragraph>
<caption pageId="23" pageNumber="112">
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="112">
Figure 67. Distribution pattern of the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria albescens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="112" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albescens">Kessleria albescens</taxonomicName>
-group from examined material.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="113" pageId="23" pageNumber="112" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="112">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="113" pageId="23" pageNumber="112">
The larval habits are insufficiently known, but based on our observations, the larva lives in the shoots and as a leaf-miner in basal leaves of
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saxifraga paniculata" order="Saxifragales" pageId="24" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paniculata">
<pageBreakToken pageId="24" pageNumber="113" start="start">Saxifraga</pageBreakToken>
paniculata
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saxifraga" order="Saxifragales" pageId="24" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Saxifraga</taxonomicName>
sp. Mined leaves are partially spun together and covered with a fine silken web. The adults have been collected from the
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Saxifragaceae" genus="Saxifraga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saxifraga" order="Saxifragales" pageId="24" pageNumber="113" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Saxifraga</taxonomicName>
-cushions or nearby rock during the day. In the first few hours of the night they have been observed with a head-lamp flying actively around the larval habitat or sitting near the host-plant. The adult is on the wing from late June to mid-August, depending on altitude and snow coverage. Bred specimens date from mid to late July.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Yponomeutidae" genus="Kessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Kessleria orobiae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="113" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orobiae">Kessleria orobiae</taxonomicName>
occurs in rocky habitat both on calcareous and silicous soil. Vertical distribution: from about 1100 m to 2100 m.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>