treatments-xml/data/70/5B/33/705B333B33651B43FF38A336FD89FE09.xml
2024-06-21 12:39:59 +02:00

162 lines
17 KiB
XML
Raw Permalink Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="14453B8ABDD5C0BAF70AA834F3E4883A" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.202788" ID-GBIF-Dataset="37c1b93e-9c92-45e1-a140-5fe4810c5b16" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="202788" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460345280563" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mlíkovský, Jiří" docDate="2011" docId="705B333B33651B43FF38A336FD89FE09" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03005p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3005" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Parus caeruleus subsp. obscurus Prazak" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="58" masterDocId="8C624B4333691B4EFFAFA53BFFC2FFC6" masterDocTitle="Nomenclatural and taxonomic status of bird taxa (Aves) described by an ornithological swindler, Josef Prokop Pražák (1870 1904)" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="45" pageNumber="57" updateTime="1698261997212" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="743840E9653F1BB71E4851D2A59ADD52" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="CC96F1BFC896A9AB3D78CA19A1E2C3A6">
<mods:title id="9C16F22E7680E561891919C7BE85515C">Nomenclatural and taxonomic status of bird taxa (Aves) described by an ornithological swindler, Josef Prokop Pražák (1870 1904)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="EFDD5E5238F20CA22C2AFAA07B13B963" type="personal">
<mods:role id="78051B363E4C830742E2D52758AC4003">
<mods:roleTerm id="84F1E35F9A2E0C65BF72024DC0D3C0C3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9F3CA4C0945B85ECEE4F320CAE3F7D00">Mlíkovský, Jiří</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="0D6EEE27DF74C762C4C6441CE202D094">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="23C71A769C54601801BE943CAE95D870" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="ABB3A043024CF5806DFFB7B2497B0D15">
<mods:title id="09D76C9F9FA2237D3663EE0523A65137">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="0AB6782568FFE0DA6FAB1313FFC5FB0D">
<mods:date id="675ED5A139B3947F5108B50B5D2CED0B">2011</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="24AC51D6F9FA3A5597700CDB54F4E909" type="volume">
<mods:number id="E9025C455BB130E3D15CFC2C3687E723">3005</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="458B58FB011D8B240789DFFC07C05FBC" unit="page">
<mods:start id="B966ABBBECB00C1D54D5FB5C8C452689">45</mods:start>
<mods:end id="E655C51D4BFF4428845279FF9ECEAA80">68</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="07C13A650B47A208BA2A8E87766E2D0F">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="3E3E7937222CAC3780ECFCCAE930C902" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.202788</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="AAD1F86735AA00FE525D747CDC79EFEB" type="GBIF-Dataset">37c1b93e-9c92-45e1-a140-5fe4810c5b16</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="A6AADF86FE4C2E4AD7EF7CECDB175B0B" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="9D1BFEF7DD2CEC54AC5D56D637F44AF4" type="Zenodo-Dep">202788</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="705B333B33651B43FF38A336FD89FE09" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6184163" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119407158" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6184163" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:705B333B33651B43FF38A336FD89FE09" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/705B333B33651B43FF38A336FD89FE09" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="12" pageNumber="57">
<subSubSection id="B0E8D1A633651B42FF38A336FE04F8A4" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F84D822D33651B42FF38A336FDF3F9E1" blockId="12.[151,561,1549,1575]" box="[151,561,1549,1575]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57">
<heading id="A305354133651B42FF38A336FDF3F9E1" bold="true" box="[151,561,1549,1575]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="3FF2F9AE33651B42FF38A336FDF3F9E1" authority="Prazak" authorityName="Prazak" box="[151,561,1549,1575]" class="Aves" family="Paridae" genus="Parus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="caeruleus" subSpecies="obscurus">
<emphasis id="CA865E3F33651B42FF38A336FDF3F9E1" bold="true" box="[151,561,1549,1575]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="CA865E3F33651B42FF38A336FE0DF9E1" bold="true" box="[151,463,1549,1575]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="57">Parus caeruleus obscurus</emphasis>
Pražák
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F84D822D33651B42FF38A36EFDBEF9AF" blockId="12.[151,636,1619,1642]" box="[151,636,1619,1642]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="D8E2A50333651B42FF38A36EFDBEF9AF" box="[151,636,1619,1642]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57">
[
<taxonomicName id="3FF2F9AE33651B42FF30A36EFE87F9AC" box="[159,325,1620,1642]" class="Aves" family="Paridae" genus="Parus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caeruleus">
<emphasis id="CA865E3F33651B42FF30A36EFE87F9AC" box="[159,325,1620,1642]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="57">Parus caeruleus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
]
<emphasis id="CA865E3F33651B42FEFCA36FFE6CF9AC" box="[339,430,1620,1642]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="57">obscurus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="7953A43C33651B42FE1BA368FDB5F9AF" author="Prazak" box="[436,631,1619,1641]" page="246" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" year="1894">
<bibRefCitation id="9C63FFDC33651B42FE1BA368FD87F9AF" author="Prazak" box="[436,581,1619,1641]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" refString="Prazak, J. P. (1894 f) Einige Notizen uber die Kohl-, Hauben- und Blaumeisen. Ornithologisches Jahrbuch, 5, 233 - 253." type="journal article" year="1894" yearSuffix="f">Pražák, 1894f</bibRefCitation>
: 246
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F84D822D33651B42FF38A3ADFCBCF914" blockId="12.[151,1436,1686,2034]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="CA865E3F33651B42FF38A3ADFF1AF969" bold="true" box="[151,216,1686,1711]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57">NOW.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3FF2F9AE33651B42FF4DA3A3FD6CF968" authority="Prazak, 1894" authorityName="Prazak" authorityYear="1894" box="[226,686,1686,1711]" class="Aves" family="Paridae" genus="Parus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="caeruleus" subSpecies="obscurus">
<emphasis id="CA865E3F33651B42FF4DA3A3FDC9F968" box="[226,523,1686,1711]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="57">Parus caeruleus obscurus</emphasis>
Pražák, 1894
</taxonomicName>
. See
<bibRefCitation id="9C63FFDC33651B42FD41A3ACFC4FF968" author="Hartert" box="[750,909,1686,1710]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" refString="Hartert, E. (1905) Die Vogel der palaarktischen Fauna. Vol. 1 (Heft 3). R. Friedlander &amp; Sohn, Berlin, pp. 241 - 384." type="journal article" year="1905">Hartert (1905</bibRefCitation>
: 348, 1907b: 213),
<bibRefCitation id="9C63FFDC33651B42FBDDA3ADFA8FF968" author="Vaurie" box="[1138,1357,1686,1710]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" refString="Vaurie, C. (1959) The birds of the Palearctic fauna. Passeriformes. H. F. &amp; G. Witherby, London, xii + 762 pp." type="book" year="1959">Vaurie (1959: 502)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="9C63FFDC33651B42FAF3A3ADFED9F914" author="Snow" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" refString="Snow, D. W. (1967) Family Aegithalidae. In: Paynter, R. A., Jr. (Ed), Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 12. Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, MA, pp. 52 - 61." type="book" year="1967">Snow (1967: 114)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="9C63FFDC33651B42FE88A381FDE7F914" author="Dickinson" box="[295,549,1722,1746]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" refString="Dickinson, E. C. (2003) The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World. 3 rd rev. ed. Christopher Helm, London, 1039 pp." type="book" year="2003">Dickinson (2003: 525)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="9C63FFDC33651B42FDF4A381FCFBF914" author="Dudley" box="[603,825,1722,1747]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" refString="Dudley, S. P., Gee, M., Kehoe, C., Melling, T. M. &amp; The British Ornithologists' Union Records Committee (BOURC) (2006) The British List: a checklist of birds of Britain (7 th edition). Ibis, 148, 526 - 563." type="journal article" year="2006">
Dudley
<emphasis id="CA865E3F33651B42FD1BA387FD24F915" box="[692,742,1723,1747]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="57">et al</emphasis>
. (2006
</bibRefCitation>
: 555).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F84D822D33651B42FF6AA3E5FEAAF8DC" blockId="12.[151,1436,1686,2034]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="CA865E3F33651B42FF6AA3E5FEEEF931" bold="true" box="[197,300,1758,1783]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57">
<typeStatus id="27493C8F33651B42FF6AA3E5FEEAF931" box="[197,296,1758,1783]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
NHMW 10662, collector unknown, collected on
<date id="8C4CA4ED33651B42FCFAA3E5FC15F930" box="[853,983,1758,1782]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" value="1887-07-02">2 July 1887</date>
at Avington,
<collectingCountry id="80E5C2BD33651B42FBC2A3E5FB0CF930" box="[1133,1230,1758,1782]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="12" pageNumber="57">England</collectingCountry>
. Obtained from R. B. Sharpe in 1891.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F84D822D33651B42FF6AA21DFE04F8A4" blockId="12.[151,1436,1686,2034]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="CA865E3F33651B42FF6AA21DFEEEF8F9" bold="true" box="[197,300,1830,1855]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57">
<typeStatus id="27493C8F33651B42FF6AA21DFEEAF8F9" box="[197,296,1830,1855]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
NHMW 10663, 3, collector and date unknown [= prior to 1892] at Avington,
<collectingCountry id="80E5C2BD33651B42FB68A21DFAEAF8F8" box="[1223,1320,1830,1854]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="12" pageNumber="57">England</collectingCountry>
. Obtained from R. B. Sharpe in 1891.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0E8D1A633651B43FF6AA254FD89FE09" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="F84D822D33651B42FF6AA254FF1AF834" blockId="12.[151,1436,1686,2034]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="CA865E3F33651B42FF6AA254FEFBF841" bold="true" box="[197,313,1903,1927]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57">Remarks.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9C63FFDC33651B42FEEEA255FDE0F840" author="Prazak" box="[321,546,1902,1926]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" refString="Prazak, J. P. (1894 f) Einige Notizen uber die Kohl-, Hauben- und Blaumeisen. Ornithologisches Jahrbuch, 5, 233 - 253." type="journal article" year="1894" yearSuffix="f">Pražák (1894f: 246)</bibRefCitation>
stated that he studied “eine Reihe englischer Exemplare” (“a series of English specimens”), without designating the
<typeStatus id="27493C8F33651B42FDE3A2A9FD70F86C" box="[588,690,1938,1962]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
. Only two relevant specimens were available to Pražák prior to 1895, which thus represent the
<typeStatus id="27493C8F33651B42FE56A28CFD99F809" box="[505,603,1975,1999]" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="3FF2F9AE33651B42FD2CA283FCE2F808" box="[643,800,1974,1999]" class="Aves" family="Paridae" genus="Parus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="12" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="caeruleus" subSpecies="obscurus">
<emphasis id="CA865E3F33651B42FD2CA283FCE2F808" box="[643,800,1974,1999]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="57">P. c. obscurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. All other specimens may have existed only in Pražáks mind.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F84D822D33641B43FF6AA5ACFD89FE09" blockId="13.[151,1436,151,463]" pageId="13" pageNumber="58">
<bibRefCitation id="9C63FFDC33641B43FF6AA5ACFE69FF69" author="Prazak" box="[197,427,151,175]" pageId="13" pageNumber="58" refString="Prazak, J. P. (1894 f) Einige Notizen uber die Kohl-, Hauben- und Blaumeisen. Ornithologisches Jahrbuch, 5, 233 - 253." type="journal article" year="1894" yearSuffix="f">Pražák (1894f: 246)</bibRefCitation>
did not specify the
<typeStatus id="27493C8F33641B43FD38A5A3FD05FF76" box="[663,711,152,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="58">type</typeStatus>
locality of
<taxonomicName id="3FF2F9AE33641B43FCFEA5A2FC33FF76" box="[849,1009,152,176]" class="Aves" family="Paridae" genus="Parus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="caeruleus" subSpecies="obscurus">
<emphasis id="CA865E3F33641B43FCFEA5A2FC33FF76" box="[849,1009,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="58">P. c. obscurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but both
<typeStatus id="27493C8F33641B43FBC3A5A3FB0CFF76" box="[1132,1230,152,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="58" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
were collected at Avington,
<collectingCountry id="80E5C2BD33641B43FEA3A587FEAFFF12" box="[268,365,188,212]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="13" pageNumber="58">England</collectingCountry>
. R. Prÿs-Jones (in litt. 2010) observed that here are two villages of this name in
<collectingCountry id="80E5C2BD33641B43FB43A587FA8EFF12" box="[1260,1356,188,212]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="13" pageNumber="58">England</collectingCountry>
, one in Berkshire [
<geoCoordinate id="9DC6E4EA33641B43FEBDA5E4FEB4FF31" box="[274,374,223,247]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="58" precision="555" value="51.4">51.40°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9DC6E4EA33641B43FE2EA5E4FE2AFF31" box="[385,488,223,247]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="58" precision="555" value="-1.47">01.47°W</geoCoordinate>
] and the other in Hampshire [
<geoCoordinate id="9DC6E4EA33641B43FC98A5E4FC59FF31" box="[823,923,223,247]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="58" precision="555" value="51.09">51.09°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9DC6E4EA33641B43FC09A5E4FBD3FF31" box="[934,1041,223,247]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="58" precision="555" value="-1.24">01.24°W</geoCoordinate>
]. The Hampshire Avington was the seat of the English ornithologist George Ernest Shelley (18401910) and the place where Shelley and R. B. Sharpe collected many birds during
<date id="8C4CA4ED33641B43FE7AA41CFD91FEF9" box="[469,595,295,319]" pageId="13" pageNumber="58" value="1871" valueMax="1886">18711886</date>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9C63FFDC33641B43FDCEA41CFD31FEF9" author="Sharpe" box="[609,755,295,319]" pageId="13" pageNumber="58" refString="Sharpe, R. B. (1906) Birds. In: The History of the Collections Contained in the Natural History Departments of the British Museum. Vol. 2. British Museum, London, pp. 79 - 515." type="book" year="1906">Sharpe 1906</bibRefCitation>
: 477; R. Prÿs-Jones, in litt. 2010). I agree with Prÿs-Jones (in litt. 2010) that it is thus “quite certain that the specimens came from Avington, Hampshire”. I thus restrict the
<typeStatus id="27493C8F33641B43FAC3A476FA5EFEA3" box="[1388,1436,333,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="58">type</typeStatus>
locality to the latter place.
<bibRefCitation id="9C63FFDC33641B43FE76A454FD0AFE41" author="Clancey" box="[473,712,367,391]" pageId="13" pageNumber="58" refString="Clancey, P. A. (1948) Type-localities of three British races of Paridae described by Prazak. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club, 68, 107 - 108." type="journal article" year="1948">Clancey (1948: 108)</bibRefCitation>
erroneously believed that Pražáks
<typeStatus id="27493C8F33641B43FBC0A44BFB68FE4E" box="[1135,1194,368,392]" pageId="13" pageNumber="58">types</typeStatus>
did not survive and restricted the
<typeStatus id="27493C8F33641B43FE9EA4AEFEA3FE6B" box="[305,353,405,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="58">type</typeStatus>
locality to the “Lake District,
<collectingCountry id="80E5C2BD33641B43FD12A4AFFCDFFE6A" box="[701,797,404,428]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="13" pageNumber="58">England</collectingCountry>
” (see also
<bibRefCitation id="9C63FFDC33641B43FC36A4AFFBE4FE6A" author="Vaurie" box="[921,1062,404,428]" pageId="13" pageNumber="58" refString="Vaurie, C. (1959) The birds of the Palearctic fauna. Passeriformes. H. F. &amp; G. Witherby, London, xii + 762 pp." type="book" year="1959">Vaurie 1959</bibRefCitation>
: 502;
<bibRefCitation id="9C63FFDC33641B43FBC3A4AFFB32FE6A" author="Snow" box="[1132,1264,404,428]" pageId="13" pageNumber="58" refString="Snow, D. W. (1967) Family Aegithalidae. In: Paynter, R. A., Jr. (Ed), Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 12. Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, MA, pp. 52 - 61." type="book" year="1967">Snow 1967</bibRefCitation>
: 114), which is an invalid action (Art. 76 of the Code).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>