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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697" ID-GBIF-Dataset="89be094e-6732-48a6-b5aa-74053d16f748" ID-PMC="PMC9633978" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1066-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" ID-PubMed="36479134" ID-ZooBank="133CE040A5AF44F1BC9A558C2F06A8AA" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1066-1" checkinTime="1635480455043" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Filander, Zoleka N., Kitahara, Marcelo V., Cairns, Stephen D., Sink, Kerry J. &amp; Lombard, Amanda T." docDate="2021" docId="648D76DB4BD43C7E9BDF1A40FFFC2589" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1066: 1-198" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1066" docPubDate="2021-10-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697" docTitle="Balanophyllia (Balanophyllia) diademata van der Horst 1927" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A" masterDocTitle="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="198" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732486004380" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="67B5E963C299D2EC140EB709723FD397">Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4F9CE972AECBFBBD977BB08F1A38CB80">Filander, Zoleka N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4518675416B6DF9BF2D4DCB7554B3750">Biodiversity and Coastal Research, Oceans and Coasts, Department of Environment, Forestry, and Fisheries, Cape Town, South Africa &amp; Zoology Department, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9849017526F2723139ADE39C0B35BCC0">Kitahara, Marcelo V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5728B4776FE659859D0EF9AAAC4C620B">Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ciencias do Mar, Santos, Brazil &amp; Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Sebastiao, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="91E03112F110EE911605D2F449FC82C7">Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="EDBE866E59B04B3CA33AA3E9EDA97578">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="64DA1EF3877DDD03F553A73268498CC0">Sink, Kerry J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D227138C5EEFABD0C5673907E276E81C">South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, South Africa &amp; Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F670AEBCEF94621226C2A6BC2EB91F35">Lombard, Amanda T.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0D9F488837ECE7ECCC3F59C3120E2D2D">Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="648D76DB4BD43C7E9BDF1A40FFFC2589" ID-GBIF-Taxon="189599945" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:648D76DB4BD43C7E9BDF1A40FFFC2589" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/648D76DB4BD43C7E9BDF1A40FFFC2589" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_class="Anthozoa" scope_family="Dendrophylliidae" scope_order="Scleractinia" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subGenus="Balanophyllia">
<subSubSection id="4BC9565FFED28085AD400669119ED38B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="791740C4CB6CB0FF9F503F21CA0BD2DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="693B1D93AF6DBCE88D9212FD5BD5DB2F" ID-CoL="KG24" authority="van der Horst, 1927" authorityName="van der Horst" authorityYear="1927" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Balanophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Balanophyllia (Balanophyllia) diademata" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="diademata" subGenus="Balanophyllia">Balanophyllia (Balanophyllia) diademata van der Horst, 1927</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="06E6FCFE9C494A6334EECF9BD9DFDFC0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="EFFECE047B0025A6CE69F1877841633F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation id="53FAD2AA3A8A07178140E5812506A5DD" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. A, D Vaughanella concinna A, B (MN _ SM 134, off Port Edward, 900 m) A calicular view B lateral view C, D (SAMC _ A 072973, locality data unknown, 517 m) C calicular view D lateral view E, F Deltocyathus rotulus (USNM 91550, off Scottburgh, 1360 m) E calicular view F lateral view G, H Atlantia denticulata sp. nov. (SAMC _ A 090157, off Gouritsmond, 170 m) G close-up of corallites H full view I, J Balanophyllia (Balanophyllia) bonaespei (USNM 1423303, off the Agulhas, 32 m) I calicular view J lateral view K, N Balanophyllia (Balanophyllia) capensis K, M (SAM _ H 3048, off Cape Point, depth unknown) calicular view L, N (BMNH _ 1939.7.20.479 - 500, locality data unknown) lateral view O, P Balanophyllia (Balanophyllia) diademata (SAMC _ A 073016, off Richards Bay, 500 m) O calicular view P Lateral view. Scale bars: 10 mm (A-H, K-P); 100 mm (I, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604110" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 7O, P</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E7995FE761B95FB2B722A7BD3F664C13" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="4EDC388E85104E1EF6D8E83C3B167C50" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="5DEBCEF85B4B18D28EB7104AD9C5A778" authorityName="van der Horst" authorityYear="1927" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Balanophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Balanophyllia diademata" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="diademata">Balanophyllia diademata</taxonomicName>
van der Horst, 1927: 4-5, pl. 2, figs 8, 9. -
<bibRefCitation id="85DC723975E7FAC77A5DB5BF4EBA82FC" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="213 - 292" refId="B50" refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292" title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology." volume="103" year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
: 220.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7599F0D2A941CDB92CEAF941143A2691" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="AABFA84CE93EF6A0B126A0F8A373F910" authorityName="van der Horst" authorityYear="1927" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Balanophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Balanophyllia (Balanophyllia) diademata" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="diademata" subGenus="Balanophyllia">Balanophyllia (Balanophyllia) diademata</taxonomicName>
. -
<bibRefCitation id="3D78BFD6996C739FF40186BAA37FB2D9" author="Cairns, S" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 75" refId="B44" refString="Cairns, S, 2001. A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Dendrophylliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 615: 1 - 75" title="A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Dendrophylliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia)." volume="615" year="2001">Cairns 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 16.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="438B28FA5B0CFC9480598C1281C128F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type locality">
<paragraph id="1DD505877F5F33F0A9628BDCB4596A20" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="33CD703FF46402AE1E4BC1016FA59795" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Off the north-west of Port Dunford; 165 m (
<bibRefCitation id="A1037A7CB06B4F0BEA6BF0D51F50EAD2" author="Horst, van der C" journalOrPublisher="Coral Reefs" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B133" refString="Horst, van der C, 1927. Eupsammid corals from South Africa. Union of South Africa Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report 5 (special reports) 1, 2: 1-7." title="Eupsammid corals from South Africa. Union of South Africa Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report 5 (special reports) 1, 2: 1 - 7." year="1927">van der Horst 1927</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DE17CCF64F983B50C7E782AFF4A8AE34" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
<paragraph id="AB4501210F064A1E9E4941E38EA673C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="23B642E140634C240E05630479086C5A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CE0A4E7C2017B9946AE6ED77C3282359" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D3E6AB026F245FD6F0CEFAAA9A794DE2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="47721599516F1A2C4F625486A7DCCE1F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation id="2B917FF2B4129370B244AE2BBEE3AE5C" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" elevation="120" location="Eastern" municipality="Sodwana" specimenCount="1">
DEFF_FHolon-INV 1 (
<specimenCount id="2601D4A0D8754261A001E2BEB81BD7C4" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
):
<location id="7DEC8A67CDC45C7B6AB2C1031B06B60B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:648D76DB4BD43C7E9BDF1A40FFFC2589:7DEC8A67CDC45C7B6AB2C1031B06B60B" municipality="Sodwana" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin, off
<collectingMunicipality id="1409AAC9EC276B1A760ACF45811EDB8C">Sodwana</collectingMunicipality>
;
<specimenCount id="60804E427ADA8E9FDE05C0B06F8C9F55" type="generic">
<quantity id="8F0FB6C395272A41D5494B7A7C939D4C" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="120.0">
<elevation id="5A33CD3AA9CCE7F38C155BF0904219A7" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="C59247070C1870096255767062B96F82" collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" elevation="500" latitude="-29.015" location="Eastern" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.26" municipality="Richards Bay" specimenCount="1">
SAMC_A073016 (
<specimenCount id="E26955F6A16E07A72B8F779045BD9462" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
):
<location id="2443C00D89A0B2F219665C189A6E194C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:648D76DB4BD43C7E9BDF1A40FFFC2589:2443C00D89A0B2F219665C189A6E194C" latitude="-29.015" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.26" municipality="Richards Bay" name="Eastern">Eastern</location>
margin,
<quantity id="92ED1A8E11201DDDCC2F74415794855F" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" unit="km" value="31.0">31 km</quantity>
from
<collectingMunicipality id="4E57E8969757FA8C2DFEE78975BBF03D">Richards Bay</collectingMunicipality>
/
<locationDeviation id="A71A235DD77931E50B5E90127C86526F" location="Mlalazi Estuary">
<quantity id="9E98D49A0256817B06D3CF9AB02B5685" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" unit="km" value="46.0">46 km</quantity>
Mlalazi Estuary
</locationDeviation>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6DB5C63D53DC83DE066E0EDED7C8A0BE" degrees="29" direction="south" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="54.00" value="-29.015">29°00'54.00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D687D0EC44DF690832D27A66913E8547" degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="35.99" value="32.26">32°15'35.99&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
;
<specimenCount id="06DD82C0BBFED14452678B496EEEA763" type="generic">
<quantity id="AB5E6F3946E45C00731CE6371220E76D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="500.0">
<elevation id="A32366C07E5A478FEEAD07FB04CE707E" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3C781BF10EF364B70E61D020EBA3166B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="DADFC667FBA9A8864068651D7B3C336B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA9C7FDCBB804D7C0529854285CEC5C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Corallum ceratoid, straight to slightly curved, and attached by a robust pedicel (PD:GCD = 0.5) that expands into a thin encrusting base. Calice slightly elliptical (GCD:LCD = 1.4-1.5). Largest examined specimen (SAMC_A073016) 12.7
<normalizedToken id="37F3E7D74E33E4FEDC50212F94C05B9D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
8.5 mm in CD, 6 mm in PD, and 24.8 mm in H. Examined specimens lack epitheca. Costae corresponding to septa size (with C3-5 being narrow), porous, densely covered with granules, and separated by narrow and deep intercostal furrows.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D10AEB921534D34F7F90574A46BEAF8E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Septa hexamerally arranged in five incomplete cycles according to the formula: S1&gt; S2&gt; S3&gt; S5&gt; S4 (≤ 82 septa). S1-2 most exsert, independent, and reach columella with straight and laciniate axial margins. Higher cycle septa (S3-5) progressively less exsert. S3 dimorphic in size: those in half-systems with S5 ~
<normalizedToken id="8E9CE62AEF0B70781329EEEE703DA4BA" originalValue="½">1/2</normalizedToken>
size of S2; but
<normalizedToken id="CCD737D270CD01F0F3F89A0067DD60AE" originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
the size of S2 in half-systems without S5. S3 have slightly dentate to laciniate axial margins. S4 also dimorphic in size:
<normalizedToken id="7B2936509BA39A41018BD06D56192EE9" originalValue="¼">1/4</normalizedToken>
width of S3 in half-systems with S5; but double the width of S3 in half-systems that lack S5. A pair of S4 merges in front of flanked S3 before joining columella as one septum. S4 axial margins slightly more dentate than S3. S5 (when present) has double the width of S4, fusing towards flanked S4 before extending to columella as one septum. S5 bear the most dentate axial margins. All septal faces covered with granules. Septa appear slightly crowded. Fossa of moderate depth, containing a slender, low-profile, and elongated spongy columella.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4E33BA03E27A603C4C991FF9CAA8A942" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="7059DBEDECAD00D789388C03AA045849" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3A3C22DB371869DE40F2CEBFF4EF71BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Regional: Eastern margin of South Africa, off Richards Bay extending towards Sodwana; 120-500 m. Elsewhere: Only known from South Africa.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2262A1D2D8B61B22050E216A848176AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="9ED5051B3661E0BCCD721721494D58FD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A6164453C5D156198D88E9CDBA1622E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
The examined material complements
<bibRefCitation id="9B3B864180DA3C9418C45CA738B78CA8" author="Horst, van der C" journalOrPublisher="Coral Reefs" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B133" refString="Horst, van der C, 1927. Eupsammid corals from South Africa. Union of South Africa Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report 5 (special reports) 1, 2: 1-7." title="Eupsammid corals from South Africa. Union of South Africa Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report 5 (special reports) 1, 2: 1 - 7." year="1927">
van der
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(1927)
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description of
<taxonomicName id="2072CA16D7CB2DB10BA611151ECF469B" authorityName="van der Horst" authorityYear="1927" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Balanophyllia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Balanophyllia (B.) diademata" order="Scleractinia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="diademata" subGenus="B.">Balanophyllia (B.) diademata</taxonomicName>
, particularly in the irregularity of the number of septal cycles per half-system. However, the examined specimens lack epitheca, whilst
<bibRefCitation id="4DE2B2D015ED08A8771653CC475DDCC9" author="Horst, van der C" journalOrPublisher="Coral Reefs" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B133" refString="Horst, van der C, 1927. Eupsammid corals from South Africa. Union of South Africa Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report 5 (special reports) 1, 2: 1-7." title="Eupsammid corals from South Africa. Union of South Africa Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report 5 (special reports) 1, 2: 1 - 7." year="1927">
van der
<normalizedToken id="0962A374D1AFFEDE559904E8893CE7BA" originalValue="Horsts">Horst's</normalizedToken>
(1927)
</bibRefCitation>
figured specimen show epitheca reaching ≤ 2.0 mm from calicular margin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>