<documentID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697"ID-GBIF-Dataset="89be094e-6732-48a6-b5aa-74053d16f748"ID-PMC="PMC9633978"ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1066-1"ID-Pensoft-UUID="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A"ID-PubMed="36479134"ID-ZooBank="133CE040A5AF44F1BC9A558C2F06A8AA"ModsDocID="1313-2970-1066-1"checkinTime="1635480455043"checkinUser="pensoft"docAuthor="Filander, Zoleka N., Kitahara, Marcelo V., Cairns, Stephen D., Sink, Kerry J. & Lombard, Amanda T."docDate="2021"docId="648D76DB4BD43C7E9BDF1A40FFFC2589"docLanguage="en"docName="ZooKeys 1066: 1-198"docOrigin="ZooKeys 1066"docPubDate="2021-10-28"docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697"docTitle="Balanophyllia (Balanophyllia) diademata van der Horst 1927"docType="treatment"docVersion="4"id="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A"lastPageNumber="1"masterDocId="BD84F4C3157550C9B64120B2BE53F01A"masterDocTitle="Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from South Africa"masterLastPageNumber="198"masterPageNumber="1"pageNumber="1"updateTime="1732486004380"updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:affiliationid="4518675416B6DF9BF2D4DCB7554B3750">Biodiversity and Coastal Research, Oceans and Coasts, Department of Environment, Forestry, and Fisheries, Cape Town, South Africa & Zoology Department, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="5728B4776FE659859D0EF9AAAC4C620B">Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo, Departamento de Ciencias do Mar, Santos, Brazil & Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Sebastiao, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
<mods:namePartid="91E03112F110EE911605D2F449FC82C7">Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliationid="EDBE866E59B04B3CA33AA3E9EDA97578">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="D227138C5EEFABD0C5673907E276E81C">South African National Biodiversity Institute, Cape Town, South Africa & Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<mods:affiliationid="0D9F488837ECE7ECCC3F59C3120E2D2D">Institute for Coastal and Marine Research, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
<taxonomicNameid="693B1D93AF6DBCE88D9212FD5BD5DB2F"ID-CoL="KG24"authority="van der Horst, 1927"authorityName="van der Horst"authorityYear="1927"class="Anthozoa"family="Dendrophylliidae"genus="Balanophyllia"higherTaxonomySource="CoL"kingdom="Animalia"lsidName="Balanophyllia (Balanophyllia) diademata"order="Scleractinia"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"phylum="Cnidaria"rank="species"species="diademata"subGenus="Balanophyllia">Balanophyllia (Balanophyllia) diademata van der Horst, 1927</taxonomicName>
<figureCitationid="53FAD2AA3A8A07178140E5812506A5DD"captionStart="Figure 7"captionStartId="F7"captionText="Figure 7. A, D Vaughanella concinna A, B (MN _ SM 134, off Port Edward, 900 m) A calicular view B lateral view C, D (SAMC _ A 072973, locality data unknown, 517 m) C calicular view D lateral view E, F Deltocyathus rotulus (USNM 91550, off Scottburgh, 1360 m) E calicular view F lateral view G, H Atlantia denticulata sp. nov. (SAMC _ A 090157, off Gouritsmond, 170 m) G close-up of corallites H full view I, J Balanophyllia (Balanophyllia) bonaespei (USNM 1423303, off the Agulhas, 32 m) I calicular view J lateral view K, N Balanophyllia (Balanophyllia) capensis K, M (SAM _ H 3048, off Cape Point, depth unknown) calicular view L, N (BMNH _ 1939.7.20.479 - 500, locality data unknown) lateral view O, P Balanophyllia (Balanophyllia) diademata (SAMC _ A 073016, off Richards Bay, 500 m) O calicular view P Lateral view. Scale bars: 10 mm (A-H, K-P); 100 mm (I, J)."figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1066.69697.figure7"httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/604110"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">Fig. 7O, P</figureCitation>
<taxonomicNameid="5DEBCEF85B4B18D28EB7104AD9C5A778"authorityName="van der Horst"authorityYear="1927"class="Anthozoa"family="Dendrophylliidae"genus="Balanophyllia"higherTaxonomySource="CoL"kingdom="Animalia"lsidName="Balanophyllia diademata"order="Scleractinia"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"phylum="Cnidaria"rank="species"species="diademata">Balanophyllia diademata</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitationid="85DC723975E7FAC77A5DB5BF4EBA82FC"author="Cairns, S"journalOrPublisher="Annals of the South African Museum"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="213 - 292"refId="B50"refString="Cairns, S, Keller, N, 1993. New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum 103 (5): 213 - 292"title="New taxa distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the tropical southwest Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology."volume="103"year="1993">Cairns and Keller 1993</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="3D78BFD6996C739FF40186BAA37FB2D9"author="Cairns, S"journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"pagination="1 - 75"refId="B44"refString="Cairns, S, 2001. A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Dendrophylliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 615: 1 - 75"title="A generic revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Dendrophylliidae (Cnidaria: Scleractinia)."volume="615"year="2001">Cairns 2001</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitationid="A1037A7CB06B4F0BEA6BF0D51F50EAD2"author="Horst, van der C"journalOrPublisher="Coral Reefs"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"refId="B133"refString="Horst, van der C, 1927. Eupsammid corals from South Africa. Union of South Africa Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report 5 (special reports) 1, 2: 1-7."title="Eupsammid corals from South Africa. Union of South Africa Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report 5 (special reports) 1, 2: 1 - 7."year="1927">van der Horst 1927</bibRefCitation>
Corallum ceratoid, straight to slightly curved, and attached by a robust pedicel (PD:GCD = 0.5) that expands into a thin encrusting base. Calice slightly elliptical (GCD:LCD = 1.4-1.5). Largest examined specimen (SAMC_A073016) 12.7
8.5 mm in CD, 6 mm in PD, and 24.8 mm in H. Examined specimens lack epitheca. Costae corresponding to septa size (with C3-5 being narrow), porous, densely covered with granules, and separated by narrow and deep intercostal furrows.
Septa hexamerally arranged in five incomplete cycles according to the formula: S1> S2> S3> S5> S4 (≤ 82 septa). S1-2 most exsert, independent, and reach columella with straight and laciniate axial margins. Higher cycle septa (S3-5) progressively less exsert. S3 dimorphic in size: those in half-systems with S5 ~
width of S3 in half-systems with S5; but double the width of S3 in half-systems that lack S5. A pair of S4 merges in front of flanked S3 before joining columella as one septum. S4 axial margins slightly more dentate than S3. S5 (when present) has double the width of S4, fusing towards flanked S4 before extending to columella as one septum. S5 bear the most dentate axial margins. All septal faces covered with granules. Septa appear slightly crowded. Fossa of moderate depth, containing a slender, low-profile, and elongated spongy columella.
<paragraphid="3A3C22DB371869DE40F2CEBFF4EF71BF"pageId="0"pageNumber="1">Regional: Eastern margin of South Africa, off Richards Bay extending towards Sodwana; 120-500 m. Elsewhere: Only known from South Africa.</paragraph>
<bibRefCitationid="9B3B864180DA3C9418C45CA738B78CA8"author="Horst, van der C"journalOrPublisher="Coral Reefs"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"refId="B133"refString="Horst, van der C, 1927. Eupsammid corals from South Africa. Union of South Africa Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report 5 (special reports) 1, 2: 1-7."title="Eupsammid corals from South Africa. Union of South Africa Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report 5 (special reports) 1, 2: 1 - 7."year="1927">
<bibRefCitationid="4DE2B2D015ED08A8771653CC475DDCC9"author="Horst, van der C"journalOrPublisher="Coral Reefs"pageId="0"pageNumber="1"refId="B133"refString="Horst, van der C, 1927. Eupsammid corals from South Africa. Union of South Africa Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report 5 (special reports) 1, 2: 1-7."title="Eupsammid corals from South Africa. Union of South Africa Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey Report 5 (special reports) 1, 2: 1 - 7."year="1927">
