206 lines
18 KiB
XML
206 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1063.71180" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6fd2433d-a10d-40d5-9a7c-8b5c14bd364e" ID-PMC="PMC8548288" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1063-49" ID-Pensoft-UUID="5298538BD85C59A69A5D81E54E499167" ID-PubMed="34744471" ID-ZooBank="2792B13CD577416CB83D1C8043701C78" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1063-49" checkinTime="1634632142747" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pivar, Robert J., Sinclair, Bradley J. & Moulton, John K." docDate="2021" docId="623605C366905BF79A46F3E509F742F8" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1063: 49-104" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1063" docPubDate="2021-10-19" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1063.71180" docTitle="Niphta downesi Pivar 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="11210E93-FC16-4315-BD7A-8974A93E782C" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="5298538BD85C59A69A5D81E54E499167" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="5298538BD85C59A69A5D81E54E499167" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genus Niphta (Diptera, Thaumaleidae) Theischinger of South America, with descriptions of nine new species and a new immature morphotype" masterLastPageNumber="104" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1668150984031" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of the genus Niphta (Diptera, Thaumaleidae) Theischinger of South America, with descriptions of nine new species and a new immature morphotype</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pivar, Robert J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>The University of Tennessee, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, 2505 E. J. Chapman Drive, 370 Plant Biotechnology Building, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sinclair, Bradley J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Canadian National Collection of Insects and Canadian Food Inspection Agency, K. W. Neatby Building, C. E. F., 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K 1 A 0 C 6</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Moulton, John K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8760-3274</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>The University of Tennessee, Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, 2505 E. J. Chapman Drive, 370 Plant Biotechnology Building, Knoxville, Tennessee, 37996, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">johnkmoulton@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-10-19</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1063</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>49</mods:start>
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<mods:end>104</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1063.71180</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1063.71180</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1063-49</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">2792B13CD577416CB83D1C8043701C78</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">5298538BD85C59A69A5D81E54E499167</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="189468642" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:11210E93-FC16-4315-BD7A-8974A93E782C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/623605C366905BF79A46F3E509F742F8" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/11210E93-FC16-4315-BD7A-8974A93E782C" authority="Pivar" authorityName="Pivar" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Thaumaleidae" genus="Niphta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Niphta downesi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="downesi" status="sp. nov.">Niphta downesi Pivar</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="49">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Ventral views of male Niphta halteralis group terminalia A N. acus sp. nov. B N. downesi sp. nov. C N. halteralis D N. mapuche sp. nov. Abbreviations: cerc, cercus; epand, epandrium; gcx, gonocoxite; gcx pl, gonocoxal plate; gcx pl fl, gonocoxal plate filament; gst, gonostylus; pm, paramere. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1063.71180.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/600671" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figs 2B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Lateral views of male Niphta halteralis group terminalia A N. acus sp. nov. B N. downesi sp. nov. C N. halteralis D N. mapuche sp. nov. Abbreviations: cerc, cercus; epand, epandrium; gcx, gonocoxite; gcx pl, gonocoxal plate; gcx pl fl, gonocoxal plate filament; gst, gonostylus; pm, paramere. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1063.71180.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/600672" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">, 3B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Adult male lateral habitus micrographs of the Niphta halteralis group A N. acus sp. nov. B N. downesi sp. nov. C N. halteralis D N. mapuche sp. nov. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1063.71180.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/600673" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">, 4B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Known distribution of Chilean Niphta A N. halteralis group B N. nudipennis group." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1063.71180.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/600693" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">, 24A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Examples of thaumaleid habitats in Chile A waterfalls where Niphta downesi sp. nov., N. eurydactyla sp. nov. and N. nudipennis were collected by sweeping adjacent foliage (40 ° 19 ' 58.7 " S 72 ° 16 ' 54.8 " W) B collection site of N. bispinosa sp. nov. (34 ° 59 ' 48.8 " S 70 ° 48 ' 37.0 " W) (after Pivar et al. 2020) C type locality of N. acus sp. nov., specimens were mainly collected from plants on left (37 ° 46 ' 30.8 " S 71 ° 42 ' 03.9 " W) D rock face seep, type locality of N. bispinosa sp. nov. (34 ° 59 ' 46.7 " S 70 ° 49 ' 19.2 " W) E Chiloe, N. nudipennis was collected at a small waterfall next to the larger Cascada Tocoihue, Pivar is shown for scale (42 ° 18 ' 20.3 " S 73 ° 26 ' 08.9 " W); F, Puente El Salto, N. halteralis was collected above the falls, Pivar is shown above the falls for scale (41 ° 31 ' 29.2 " S 72 ° 17 ' 14.6 " W)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1063.71180.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/600696" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">, 27A</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Holotype</emphasis>
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:
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</emphasis>
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♂, glued to point with abdomen in glycerine microvial pinned beneath, labelled: "Chile: Region XIV (Los
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ríos">Rios</normalizedToken>
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)/ Rte. T-85, 13.xii.2016/
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<geoCoordinate degrees="40" direction="south" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="58.6" value="-40.332943">40°19'58.6"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="56.1" value="-72.28226">72°16'56.1"W</geoCoordinate>
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/ elev. 95 m, roadcut seep, J.K./ Moulton & R.J. Pivar"; "HOLOTYPE/
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Theischinger" authorityYear="1986" class="Insecta" family="Thaumaleidae" genus="Niphta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Niphta" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Niphta</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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/
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Pivar" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Thaumaleidae" genus="Niphta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Niphta downesi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="downesi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Niphta downesi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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/ Pivar [red label]" (CNC).
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Paratypes</emphasis>
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: Chile: Region X (Los Lagos): Ensenada, nr.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Baños">Banos</normalizedToken>
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de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Petrohué">Petrohue</normalizedToken>
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, 12.i.1985, J.A. Downes (1♂, CNC); Region XIV (Los
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ríos">Rios</normalizedToken>
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): same data as holotype (1♂); Rte. T-85, 13.xii.2016,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="40" direction="south" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="58.7" value="-40.33297">40°19'58.7"S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="54.8" value="-72.28189">72°16'54.8"W</geoCoordinate>
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, elev. 145 m, foliage around waterfalls, J.K. Moulton & R.J. Pivar (12 ♂).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="recognition">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Recognition.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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This species is recognised by both filaments of the paramere and the aedeagal guide being easily visible in lateral view, giving it a tri-filamentous appearance. Also, the bend in the gonostylus is slightly stronger than that of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="N. mapuche" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="mapuche">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">N. mapuche</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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The description of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="N. downesi" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="downesi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">N. downesi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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differs from that of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="N. acus" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="acus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">N. acus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in the following regards:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Male.</emphasis>
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">n</emphasis>
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= 3.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Length</emphasis>
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1.9-2.4 mm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Colouration</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Adult male lateral habitus micrographs of the Niphta halteralis group A N. acus sp. nov. B N. downesi sp. nov. C N. halteralis D N. mapuche sp. nov. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1063.71180.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/600673" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">4B</figureCitation>
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). Head dull, black; pronotum and postpronotum black; postpronotal lobe, prescutum and mesoscutum shiny, blackish brown, lateral face of postpronotal lobe brown, creamy around anterior spiracle; scutellum blackish brown dorsally, light brown ventrally; mediotergite shiny, blackish brown; pteropleuron mainly brown with dispersed markings of black and dark brown; base of halter blackish, knob creamy yellow; abdomen blackish brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Head</emphasis>
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. Frons with two strong setae. Flagellomeres 1-3 subquadrate, expanded, 1.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as wide as next segment, as long as 2 and 3 combined.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Thorax</emphasis>
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. Antealar ridge bearing single pronounced, medial seta flanked by two smaller setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Wing</emphasis>
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. Wing length: 2.2-2.4 mm. C and posterior wing margin with fringe of microtrichia.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Abdomen</emphasis>
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. Sternites 3-7 with setae restricted to posterior two-thirds and laterad; sternite 8 strongly arched into preceding segment, lacking setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Terminalia</emphasis>
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(Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Ventral views of male Niphta halteralis group terminalia A N. acus sp. nov. B N. downesi sp. nov. C N. halteralis D N. mapuche sp. nov. Abbreviations: cerc, cercus; epand, epandrium; gcx, gonocoxite; gcx pl, gonocoxal plate; gcx pl fl, gonocoxal plate filament; gst, gonostylus; pm, paramere. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1063.71180.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/600671" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">2B</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Lateral views of male Niphta halteralis group terminalia A N. acus sp. nov. B N. downesi sp. nov. C N. halteralis D N. mapuche sp. nov. Abbreviations: cerc, cercus; epand, epandrium; gcx, gonocoxite; gcx pl, gonocoxal plate; gcx pl fl, gonocoxal plate filament; gst, gonostylus; pm, paramere. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1063.71180.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/600672" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">3B</figureCitation>
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). Gonocoxite subquadrate, posterior inner margin produced into pointed projection, outer margin notched. Gonostylus short, slightly more than half-length of cercus, strongly arched outwards; apex pointed. Parameres distally fused, widest medially, as wide as gonocoxite; extended past posterior margin of epandrium; lateral margins curved ventrally, canal-like medially in ventral view, then tapered rapidly to filamentous, pointed apex projected posterodorsally, extended beyond epandrium; medial structure cradled within canal, protruded ventrally; in lateral view ending at halfway point of longest filament. Gonocoxal apodeme with secondary structure comprising single filament, running along interior of paramere canal, projected ventrally at apex. Cercus trapezoidal; projected posteroventrally; situated within epandrial indentation.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Female.</emphasis>
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Unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="immature stages">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Immature stages.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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Known only from the
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<typeStatus>type</typeStatus>
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series.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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Known from the foothills of the southern Andes in Chile (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Known distribution of Chilean Niphta A N. halteralis group B N. nudipennis group." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1063.71180.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/600693" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">24A</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Pivar" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Thaumaleidae" genus="Niphta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Niphta downesi" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="downesi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Niphta downesi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is named in honour of veterinary and medical entomologist J.A. Downes, who collected the first specimen of this species in 1985.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |