treatments-xml/data/5B/39/8A/5B398AFCE2A95824B19C58E6A19DE6EB.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-222-75" ID-Pensoft-UUID="348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9" ModsDocID="1314-2003-222-75" checkinTime="1679617121532" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Maas, Paul J. M., Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje, Andre, Thiago, Skinner, David, Valderrama, Eugenio &amp; Specht, Chelsea D." docDate="2023" docId="5B398AFCE2A95824B19C58E6A19DE6EB" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 222: 75-127" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 222" docPubDate="2023-03-22" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779" docTitle="Costus alticolus Maas &amp; H. Maas 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9" lastPageNumber="75" masterDocId="348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9" masterDocTitle="Eighteen new species of Neotropical Costaceae (Zingiberales)" masterLastPageNumber="127" masterPageNumber="75" pageNumber="75" updateTime="1679617121532" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Eighteen new species of Neotropical Costaceae (Zingiberales)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Maas, Paul J. M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Botany, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Maas-van de Kamer, Hiltje</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Botany, P. O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Andre, Thiago</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4148-3662</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Universidade de Brasilia, Departamento de Botanica, Campus Universitario Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasilia (DF), Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Skinner, David</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4585-925X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Le Jardin Ombrage, Tallahassee, (Private botanical garden, Botanic Gardens Conservation International - BGCI - registration ID 50148), Florida, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Valderrama, Eugenio</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Cornell University, Section of Plant Biology and the L. H. Bailey Hortorium, School of Integrative Plant Science, Ithaca, NY, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Specht, Chelsea D.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7746-512X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Cornell University, Section of Plant Biology and the L. H. Bailey Hortorium, School of Integrative Plant Science, Ithaca, NY, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">cdspecht@cornell.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-03-22</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>222</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>75</mods:start>
<mods:end>127</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-222-75</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">348E6053A6D55787993694B23682FDE9</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B398AFCE2A95824B19C58E6A19DE6EB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5B398AFCE2A95824B19C58E6A19DE6EB" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName LSID="5B398AFC-E2A9-5824-B19C-58E6A19DE6EB" authority="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus alticolus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alticolus" status="sp. nov.">Costus alticolus Maas &amp; H.Maas</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="75">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus alticolus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alticolus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus alticolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Costus alticolus Maas &amp; H. Maas A inflorescence with flower, showing stamen (st) extending far beyond labellum, fully exposing the thecae B, C plant in habitat D flower and bract details E flowering shoot. Photos in habitat in Chinantla region near Santa Cruz Tepetotutla, Oaxaca, Mexico by Dave Skinner." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828343" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">4</figureCitation>
) can be recognised by its leafless flowering shoots up to ca. 1 m long, combined with large, red and unappendaged bracts, tubular and yellow flowers, and stamen far exceeding the labellum like in 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. pulverulentus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulverulentus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">C. pulverulentus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
C.Presl.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828343" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus alticolus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alticolus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus alticolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Maas &amp; H.Maas 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">A</emphasis>
inflorescence with flower, showing stamen (st) extending far beyond labellum, fully exposing the thecae 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">B, C</emphasis>
plant in habitat 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">D</emphasis>
flower and bract details 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">E</emphasis>
flowering shoot. Photos in habitat in Chinantla region near Santa Cruz Tepetotutla, Oaxaca, Mexico by Dave Skinner.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1984-01-16" collectorName="Solheim, Reisfeld" country="Mexico" county="Sierra Mazateca" elevation="1200" location="Cuauhtemoc" municipality="Santa Maria Chilchotla" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Oaxaca" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Mexico">Mexico</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion country="Mexico" name="Oaxaca">Oaxaca</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingCounty>Sierra Mazateca</collectingCounty>
, Mun. 
<collectingMunicipality>
Santa 
<normalizedToken originalValue="María">Maria</normalizedToken>
Chilchotla
</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B398AFCE2A95824B19C58E6A19DE6EB:38F274D80E06997D6510729D62AD6770" country="Mexico" county="Sierra Mazateca" municipality="Santa Maria Chilchotla" name="Cuauhtemoc" stateProvince="Oaxaca">Cuauhtemoc</location>
, ca. 
<locationDeviation location="Santa Maria Chilchotla">
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
NE of Santa 
<normalizedToken originalValue="María">Maria</normalizedToken>
Chilchotla
</locationDeviation>
, near 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B398AFCE2A95824B19C58E6A19DE6EB:1A9B822FDBFC1FF8A8251D5BC662EFFD" country="Mexico" county="Sierra Mazateca" municipality="Santa Maria Chilchotla" name="Clemencia" stateProvince="Oaxaca">Clemencia</location>
and 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B398AFCE2A95824B19C58E6A19DE6EB:9D0A13C78FEE8EAE20927E707565786C" country="Mexico" county="Sierra Mazateca" municipality="Santa Maria Chilchotla" name="Santa Rosa" stateProvince="Oaxaca">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5B398AFCE2A95824B19C58E6A19DE6EB:FC69E5493F71CEB6773582098144D474" country="Mexico" county="Sierra Mazateca" municipality="Santa Maria Chilchotla" name="Santa" stateProvince="Oaxaca">Santa</location>
Rosa
</location>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="1200.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="1984-01-16">16 Jan 1984</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<collectorName>Solheim</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>Reisfeld</collectorName>
1367
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
WIS)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Herb</emphasis>
2-3.5 m tall. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Leaves</emphasis>
sheaths 10-30 mm diam; ligule truncate, 4-12 mm long; petiole 5-20 mm long; sheaths, ligule and petiole densely to sparsely puberulous; lamina narrowly elliptic, 25-47 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6-14 cm, adaxially glabrous, abaxially densely (particularly along the primary vein) sericeous to almost glabrous, base acute, apex acuminate (acumen 5-10 mm long). 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Inflorescence</emphasis>
cylindric, 11-18 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5-9 cm, terminating a leafless shoot 20-95 cm long, sheaths obliquely truncate, 4-7 cm long, rather densely puberulous to glabrous; bracts, bracteole, calyx, ovary, and capsule glabrous to densely puberulous. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Flowers</emphasis>
abaxially oriented; bracts red to bright crimson, coriaceous, ovate-oblong, 4-6 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3-4 cm, apex obtuse, callus ca. 10 mm long; bracteole boat-shaped, 30-35 mm long; calyx red, 13-21 mm long, lobes deltate to shallowly triangular, 3-6 mm long; corolla yellow to orange, 50-60 mm long, glabrous, lobes narrowly elliptic, ca. 40 mm long; labellum yellow, lateral lobes rolled inwards and forming a slightly curved tube 18-20 mm diam, obovate when spread out, ca. 60 by 35 mm, irregularly lobulate, lobules recurved, ca. 4 mm long; stamen yellow, ca. 65 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
11 mm, far exceeding the labellum, apex acute, anther ca. 8 mm long. 
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Capsule</emphasis>
ellipsoid, 17-18 mm long.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
Mexico (Oaxaca) (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Distribution maps for new species of Costaceae: Chamaecostus - Costus douglasdalyi A Chamaecostus manausensis Maas &amp; H. Maas B Costus alfredoi Maas &amp; H. Maas C Costus alleniopsis Maas &amp; D. Skinner D Costus alticolus Maas &amp; H. Maas E Costus antioquiensis Maas &amp; H. Maas F Costus callosus Maas &amp; H. Maas G Costus cochabambae Maas &amp; H. Maas H Costus convexus Maas &amp; D. Skinner I Costus douglasdalyi Maas &amp; H. Maas." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.87779.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/828360" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">21D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
In primary, wet montane to premontane cloud forests, with some mosses on trunks, drier on ridge crests, with 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chloranthaceae" genus="Hedyosmum" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hedyosmum mexicanum" order="Chloranthales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mexicanum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Hedyosmum mexicanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Cordem. Ex Baill., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Altingiaceae" genus="Liquidambar" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Liquidambar macrophylla" order="Saxifragales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrophylla">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Liquidambar macrophylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Oerst., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Siparunaceae" genus="Siparuna" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Siparuna andina" order="Laurales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="andina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Siparuna andina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
A.DC., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Posoqueria" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Posoqueria latifolia" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Posoqueria latifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Rudge) Roem. &amp; Schult., 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Heliconiaceae" genus="Heliconia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Heliconia" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Heliconia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Deppea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Deppea" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Deppea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp, 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Chamaedorea" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chamaedorea" order="Arecales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Chamaedorea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Solenophora" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solenophora" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Solenophora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., and 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Salvia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salvia divinorum" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="divinorum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Salvia divinorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Epling &amp; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Játiva">Jativa</normalizedToken>
, at elevations of 1040-1900 m. Flowering year-round.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Maas &amp; H. Maas" authorityYear="2023" class="Liliopsida" family="Costaceae" genus="Costus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Costus alticolus" order="Zingiberales" pageId="0" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="alticolus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Costus alticolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. occurs at quite high elevations up to 1900 m, hence the specific epithet alticolus (
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘altus’">'altus'</normalizedToken>
means 
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘high’">'high'</normalizedToken>
in Latin; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘colere’">'colere'</normalizedToken>
means 'to 
<normalizedToken originalValue="live’">live'</normalizedToken>
in Latin).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="paratypes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Paratypes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Mexico. Oaxaca</emphasis>
: Distr. and Mun. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ixtlán">Ixtlan</normalizedToken>
, near abandoned community of Tarabundi, S side of 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Soyolapán">Soyolapan</normalizedToken>
, access via La Luz, primary forest toward 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Langaro, 1230-1260 m, 16 Nov 1993, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Boyle &amp; Massart 2556</emphasis>
(MO, U); Mun. San Felipe Usila, cuenca del 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Perfume, 4.4 km SE of Santa Cruz Tepetotutla, 1400 m, 29 Mar 1995, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rincón">Rincon</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Guttiérrez">Guttierrez</normalizedToken>
et al. 592
</emphasis>
(MO); Distr. Mixe, Mun. Totontepec, Totontepec, 1900 m, 9 Aug 1990, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Rivera Reyes &amp; Martin 1610</emphasis>
(CAS), Hwy 175, km 169, near La Esperanza, 1075 m, 12 Aug 2017, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Skinner R3400</emphasis>
(BH).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="75" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="75">
We are greatly indebted to Manuel 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gutiérrez">Gutierrez</normalizedToken>
, who assisted Dave Skinner in obtaining permission from the indigenous people of Santa Cruz Tepetotutla, Oaxaca, Mexico, to study this new species common in the Chinantla region of Oaxaca.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>