211 lines
25 KiB
XML
211 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="BA6BF1B87D8A1CBFB75A2468BD149B74" ID-CLB-Dataset="35214" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.15.9587" ID-GBIF-Dataset="769a955d-d535-4402-86fb-884b3c123298" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-15-1" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-4049-15-1" ModsDocOrigin="MycoKeys 15" ModsDocTitle="New reports, phylogenetic analysis, and a key to Lactarius Pers. in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem informed by molecular data" checkinTime="1473366568713" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Barge, Edward G. & Cripps, Cathy L." docDate="2016" docId="547E6B3053E60E72CD9323BC2E970921" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 15: 1-58" docOrigin="MycoKeys 15" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.15.9587" docTitle="Lactarius caespitosus Hesler & A. H. Sm." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="23" masterDocId="FFD1F118FFEC24262B7BCF2E5547923D" masterDocTitle="New reports, phylogenetic analysis, and a key to Lactarius Pers. in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem informed by molecular data" masterLastPageNumber="58" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="22" updateTime="1732683592348" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="AC9F26A1A2C953463406D417D06FA783">New reports, phylogenetic analysis, and a key to Lactarius Pers. in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem informed by molecular data</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="425DAC2E0F4448A585B9BE1D091E71A7">Barge, Edward G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B6B227C919548F4FA0A0D85A7AB89850">Cripps, Cathy L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="FB3EE59FE31BCAFB6ED9306773A813CB">MycoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9EB59A0AA89D14A9822C487937287025">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="DEE708438FD9326C1555009F508E4C1E">15</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="1678191663DD482BADDB10146405446E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="E51E5EB62CEC526DF3ED62983AA9883A" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.15.9587</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D8E7C08481A2A2DE063653B15C3BDAE4" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-15-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="547E6B3053E60E72CD9323BC2E970921" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873142" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:547E6B3053E60E72CD9323BC2E970921" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/547E6B3053E60E72CD9323BC2E970921" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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<subSubSection id="AAECB982EC3FA0991D45859AC565BD27" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="5B8734FA0D0A78898C3285330168D984" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7990451C7A8278F9330C8162069D2F31" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D378FC5F2DEE53392138EFABA82FA981" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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9.
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<taxonomicName id="3F09855FCDE32E2B252AA463ECA805E2" ID-CoL="6NSL3" authority="Hesler & A. H. Sm." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius caespitosus" order="Russulales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="caespitosus">Lactarius caespitosus Hesler & A.H. Sm.</taxonomicName>
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Figure 11
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F2342F27EBBD757EAC9BA179A74FDDED" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
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<paragraph id="6CDAA3C44F5502AB6E75102462D56447" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2A1AB7D1DB79EBEAF6D7D019522D61C1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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Pileus 35-100
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<normalizedToken id="2E0217DD33CA461878DFF4C38AF82055" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in diameter, convex to broadly convex to nearly plane,
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<normalizedToken id="5F8A2B0CC76FD8FE4AF75F5617CC4F85" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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centrally depressed, viscid to dry, smooth, more or less azonate, cream to pale
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<normalizedToken id="E60AF9D5A908F0C21FD19E9F1A1C153C" originalValue="gray–brown">gray-brown</normalizedToken>
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to pale
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<normalizedToken id="8EAF0A2487B32D30DEFC01DCC7FE2110" originalValue="vinaceous–brown">vinaceous-brown</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken id="0CC640639812B84CA5C223A98D4F6BAD" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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discoloring ochraceous in places; margin incurved when young, becoming straight in age. Lamellae adnate to subdecurrent, crowded to subdistant, white at first, becoming pale creamy buff,
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<normalizedToken id="35966AE196C6C38D4BF88159BBAC45AD" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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discoloring ochraceous to brown where damaged. Stipe 30-80
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<normalizedToken id="7E7D6CFF9588210BEDA3E260A198C04B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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10-35 mm, equal to clavate, viscid to dry, smooth, white, developing ochraceous to faintly violet areas where damaged, solid, becoming hollow. Context white. Latex scarce to undetectable, white, unchanging. Odor mild. Taste acrid.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="15CF79274A998E30F17D913EC40F96E0" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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Basidiospores 8-12
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<normalizedToken id="7530DEFFF4E19ACDEC1CF1F1DBE4B3EC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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7-9
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<normalizedToken id="44D184A358FCD171700A46ACEFD74785" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, Q = 1.2-1.4, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid; ornamentation forming a broken to partial reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 50-110
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<normalizedToken id="17674E6C20715B3132A5C4DB421ED1D3" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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8-12
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<normalizedToken id="4B1924774DC1BDB15CDFCBC6BEC45193" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, scattered to numerous, subcylindric to fusoid; apex rounded to acute.
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<pageBreakToken id="BEAC0E14A7D364117AB1C5720DCF3DEF" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" start="start">Cheilomacrocystidia</pageBreakToken>
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40-60
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<normalizedToken id="CC071F0CC3A5EA23AF81257D7B9A5460" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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8-12
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<normalizedToken id="662555D8C5D41B606387C28E411F4E2C" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, scattered to abundant, clavate to mucronate; apex rounded to acute.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7790E54F9A0E5CC244115AFE6696DA21" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="ecology">
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<paragraph id="C2FA102906804CA4B1E833BA30635AA9" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B587BBE38774BC2D3E17EDE3CBE476C9" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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In mountainous areas in western North America with conifers.
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<bibRefCitation id="3C88FF4574709A56AD96D3AA542367D3" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith (1979)</bibRefCitation>
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report it as the common montane
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<taxonomicName id="75AD716478B09775E5870672DF07661E" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">Lactarius</taxonomicName>
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of wet places in the spruce-fir zone of the Rocky Mountains during the summer and early fall. In the GYE, it occurs in wet depressions and near seeps as well as in drier upland sites in the montane spruce-fir zone, possibly always in the presence of
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<taxonomicName id="9483B0BDA96D9B02E7AC9A03877F115D" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
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, summer to fall.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="366FFA17E7CBED52A4BC05572B8DF2B7" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="CBD364DE9175776F501DCB5948BD57CC" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="29A3D40ADE539E055483626EE83F6BC2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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U.S.A. MONTANA: Gallatin County, Gallatin Range, East Fork Hyalite Creek, under
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<taxonomicName id="47C537561946CB829E93C8FEAE6085F8" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="CAA73C8603BB125425149D872EE465D5" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
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, 25 Aug 2015, EB158-15 (MONT); Gallatin County, Gallatin Range, Windy Pass Trail, under
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<taxonomicName id="55E64F385F8F5238C169D5885246A0FE" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="060A0412424471C9BC9CC4F54006F543" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus contorta" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="contorta">Pinus contorta</taxonomicName>
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, 10 Aug 2013, EB102-13 (MONT); Madison County, Madison Range, Big Sky, under
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<taxonomicName id="D642476AFC46989F98AD2213C3C08999" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="D04A1803C8EC5973CB15C6F7D3ACFDE7" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="C250BAD3EFA5529647C57AA5FACCE7B0" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus albicaulis" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="albicaulis">Pinus albicaulis</taxonomicName>
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, 4 Sept 2004, CLC2052 (MONT); Madison County, Madison Range, Mirror Lake, under
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<taxonomicName id="69B96EE23569BBC3AB90A8B565D41290" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
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, 3 Sept 2013, EB121-13 (MONT); Madison County, Tobacco Root Mountains, Branham Lakes, under
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<taxonomicName id="41F1E83DBD4A983B15102E9991C31B87" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
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, 1 Sept 2014, EB0074-14 (MONT); Sweet Grass County, Crazy Mountains, Big Timber Creek, under
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<taxonomicName id="661A18F9B74D843BFAFDA56BDB2F3E1B" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="34BD0F507C6754C98EF3CF5B6D4A6A56" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
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, 1 Aug 2015, EB095-15 (MONT). WYOMING: Park County, Beartooth Plateau, Beartooth Lake Campground, under
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<taxonomicName id="A46CEFCEF6B700CB7BB80FA54F92FA8A" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="7851529374F18A7A0DE71427913F9FF2" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
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, 5 Sept 2015, EB159-15 (MONT).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3BC8AA647FEE02B1619177FD15F5D26" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="61AD4092DC168BC512F50D9B740B5F79" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8E255D3B9A955449272C2C747C14FD7B" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
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The European
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<taxonomicName id="6B9D9E65C9CEEB62138462C7A2A6A561" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Abies</taxonomicName>
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associate
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<taxonomicName id="5F14205DA5842DE62552B96118D12CE0" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius albocarneus" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="albocarneus">Lactarius albocarneus</taxonomicName>
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Britzelm. appears to be closely related (Figure 2B), however, it has a lighter cream to dingy whitish pileus, and slowly yellowing latex and flesh (
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<bibRefCitation id="526FFE78ECC5D8D40D8B6E6D0D47AFDA" author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
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). The western North American
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<taxonomicName id="2F311502B000474C06947D4F96998C7C" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius kauffmanii" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="kauffmanii">Lactarius kauffmanii</taxonomicName>
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Hesler & A.H. Sm. and
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<taxonomicName id="099CBC0C1FB26F79C563FCB9D328EE19" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudomucidus" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudomucidus">Lactarius pseudomucidus</taxonomicName>
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Hesler & A.H. Sm. also appear to be related (Figure 2B).
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<taxonomicName id="228E7F7BB2D94E9BCC1DD4E00E34908F" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius kauffmanii" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="kauffmanii">Lactarius kauffmanii</taxonomicName>
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has a dark to blackish brown pileus (although it can be lighter), smaller basidiospores (7-10
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<normalizedToken id="7DD744B0A71E384F710252F6417B146D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
6.5-8
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<normalizedToken id="486CB998CF8558949CD32B6C07D88E04" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), and a vinaceous to tan stipe.
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<taxonomicName id="1FBE943DB30C782103DC0C48B999C26E" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudomucidus" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudomucidus">Lactarius pseudomucidus</taxonomicName>
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typically has a darker and more slimy pileus, a gray to
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<normalizedToken id="1BD92AEF2BDD5BAE22BDDCE500854138" originalValue="gray–brown">gray-brown</normalizedToken>
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stipe, and smaller basidiospores (7-9
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<normalizedToken id="0A57D11D169088BC88CE2E56A1E4E546" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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6-7
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<normalizedToken id="19B72E67092E83354D6BF514670DF781" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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). Both
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<taxonomicName id="1E7143B685222A25BD730160DF848BF4" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius kauffmanii" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="kauffmanii">Lactarius kauffmanii</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4AA27FB1F475A4D07B39ED4C6C375426" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudomucidus" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudomucidus">Lactarius pseudomucidus</taxonomicName>
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may be confined to Douglas fir/western hemlock forests of the Pacific Northwest (
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<bibRefCitation id="EC225F6EDF4E68147B41DE3B4B7562B1" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The western North American
|
||
<taxonomicName id="39BE667D957431FC7479A1FAE1282C7B" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius circellatus var. borealis" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="circellatus" variety="borealis">Lactarius circellatus v. borealis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hesler & A.H. Sm. is also similar, however, its pileus is pruinose at first and generally darker and faintly zonate to zonate, it has a dry stipe (never viscid as in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79C2E82DEAA6BDC21D9BCC2160BFE218" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius caespitosus" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="caespitosus">Lactarius caespitosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and its lamellae are unstaining when cut (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D5FCEB5EB3635F16352731D6B4B4765C" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="0505C7BE142628C2E2BF6F2A409BB640" author="Methven, AS" journalOrPublisher="Mad River Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 79" title="The Agaricales (gilled fungi) of California. 10 Russulaceae II Lactarius" year="1997">Methven 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="21323518E35D4A7F40F7294F07198F92" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius trivialis" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="trivialis">Lactarius trivialis</taxonomicName>
|
||
is also similar, however it appears to be fairly distantly related (Figure 2A); it has purplish gray to vinaceous colors of the pileus at least when young and smaller basidiospores (7.3-10
|
||
<normalizedToken id="AA6A61B6DC291BB81796D8BAFBC504CC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
5.9-7.8
|
||
<normalizedToken id="69D0EC34947B377A72C84A4A31C54DFA" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="40BBC4BA66146BF53A6248CFBB8F4661" author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EC95C4CA98CF60752D4D63AF34B581B8" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius argillaceifolius" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="argillaceifolius">Lactarius argillaceifolius</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hesler & A.H. Sm. and its varieties are also similar, however, all feature a more purplish gray pileus at least when young (similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AA67B0F64C42A7E6709A859653D60F57" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius trivialis" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="trivialis">Lactarius trivialis</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and smaller basidiospores. Variety
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C0D557DDE67325257D9FFB20AF06B36D" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius argillaceifolius var. argillaceifolius" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="argillaceifolius" variety="argillaceifolius">argillaceifolius</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to be confined to oak forests in central and eastern North America, v.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A45579C29FB28361680CE0BC5591E47E" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius megacarpus var. megacarpus" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="megacarpus" variety="megacarpus">megacarpus</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hesler & A.H. Sm. to oak forests in coastal western North America, and v.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5E7D39E1EBD60C8E1C8BC5167A99E079" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius dissimilis var. dissimilis" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="dissimilis" variety="dissimilis">dissimilis</taxonomicName>
|
||
Hesler & A.H. Sm. is represented by only one collection from South Carolina (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4B6ADA9F353F028FAE39E42FEC6C0080" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="3A82F0A4B4231308EFAB7DF26FCF7F6C" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
<paragraph id="EC70A56044D109D38B539D92F5A94AF7" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||
Figure 11.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="48F4E17760CED51CD03979C004E3B48E" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius caespitosus" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="caespitosus">Lactarius caespitosus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Top collection EB0074-14 under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B01CA0BE5A2CA191ADBED9DCE58E1568" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Tobacco Root Mountains, Montana, USA. Bottom collection EB095-15 under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E736858E6F2976188F70CF679BD22787" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="11980712E8E363E010E50361AD57C929" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Crazy Mountains, Montana, USA. Scale bars: 2 cm. Photos by E. Barge.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |