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<mods:namePart>Barge, Edward G.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873148" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:079905766EEF8A51AFF1F9F8908D4361" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/079905766EEF8A51AFF1F9F8908D4361" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
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<treatment id="079905766EEF8A51AFF1F9F8908D4361" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873148" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:079905766EEF8A51AFF1F9F8908D4361" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/079905766EEF8A51AFF1F9F8908D4361" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<paragraph id="2C57F4935D4C2712739D7692C2CB53C2" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<subSubSection id="97010E7A8AFEB6F93DA712EC1A9B659C" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5F3B017F131A0F712C6AEC8A0021E5AA" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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11.
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<taxonomicName authority="Hesler & A. H. Sm." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius olympianus" order="Russulales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="olympianus">Lactarius olympianus Hesler & A.H. Sm.</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="93502E4E20A981EA947D173ED8A9A156" ID-CoL="3RS3G" authority="Hesler & A. H. Sm." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius olympianus" order="Russulales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="olympianus">Lactarius olympianus Hesler & A.H. Sm.</taxonomicName>
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Figure 13
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<subSubSection id="FB5E3993CDB8839571BD3A06841DB329" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="description">
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||||
<paragraph id="6F1A3EA5492CADA672E79E6C157681A6" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0013050E91C7361CEB3DB84AB353F7E2" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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Pileus 20-100 mm in diameter,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="9853982259586E5434004D400DC19E4A" originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
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to infundibuliform, smooth, viscid, zonate, color alternating between rich and dull orange; margin incurved when young becoming straight to wavy in age. Lamellae adnate, crowded to subdistant, cream to dingy yellow, staining
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<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="84C4E18580EF3AC465A8800A29F6968E" originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
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in age or where damaged. Stipe 20-50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="81B3BBA0E6419368453A1B8B68FE960A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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10-25 mm, equal to tapering toward the base, smooth, white, at first with a white bloom, staining dingy
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<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="BCA9CCA6C8DA3DAB31CE5C9341D64FD5" originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
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where damaged, solid, becoming hollow. Context white. Latex white, unchanging, staining lamellae
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<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="AD3D9D49AF69CF1C0B47C206853F132C" originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
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. Odor mild. Taste acrid.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<paragraph id="3DD26BC5E7A809185C15C2E82401C098" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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Basidiospores 8-11.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="7D1FB36B0F5A1068931D33B8C53CA230" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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7.5-9.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="1B16F625F2790375B9A5EFECC3640E6A" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, Q = 1.1-1.3, broadly ellipsoid; ornamentation forming a broken to nearly complete reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 20-50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="A27B9E822D2573644D4BCE6A427DDA1E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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3-6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="B3EA424F84368B01BA3E5430591CBBC8" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, scattered to numerous, fusiform; apex acute to moniliform. Cheilomacrocystidia 20-35
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="56A0A8B682888BF86135362C0A15C0DB" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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3-6
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="E2F1345050F60207A240407CD320E333" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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, scattered, fusiform; apex acute to moniliform.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<subSubSection id="2158479944D7C2DC12CAEBD82BC1A0FD" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="ecology">
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<paragraph id="9EA32383F30D35C09AAA42CF5F9C6BD1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="DA40154272DE939AC1799032A0161261" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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In montane conifer forests in western North America. In the GYE, it occurs in seeps and along streams in the spruce-fir zone possibly always in the presence of
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<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="2FF71B1DB12AFF96FB7F2754D8AC387B" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<subSubSection id="9E149B00443773FB27730769BB476D72" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="AC2D442BA8ECC18716D4939CA397EDC1" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="966605248548E7F657F19633889CD576" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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U.S.A. MONTANA: Gallatin County, Gallatin Range, Windy Pass Trail, under
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<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="72359A075B2078E54A3C48C1A19A75E4" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
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, 4 Aug 2012, EB0114 (MONT); Madison County, Tobacco Root Mountains, Branham Lakes, under
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<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="786ABF9A27D59A842C57BFAA8BDFFFD0" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
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, 1 Sept 2014, EB0070-14 (MONT).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<subSubSection id="045FEE8669FCA351915BBB21ED6CEF51" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="D9461E06EA4896F093645692156D6758" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Discussion.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E5A332AD4A380081E948987CFB310043" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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This species is very close to and likely conspecific with
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius zonarioides" order="Russulales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="zonarioides">Lactarius zonarioides</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kühner">Kuehner</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName id="2265B5D51211BE4AF7A020796A4E4A8F" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius zonarioides" order="Russulales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="zonarioides">Lactarius zonarioides</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="4A571A8B1B759F3F1562C985517BD033" originalValue="Kühner">Kuehner</normalizedToken>
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& Romagn. (Figure 2B), which occurs in similar habitats and was described from Europe (
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<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="E67192B56DBBE795C05AE69190996A88" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<caption id="98D42D1740AD608F6175AAC61A97C6AE" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<paragraph id="574D13A10E01393D3DB00564AEA0BA24" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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Figure 13.
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<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius olympianus" order="Russulales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="olympianus">Lactarius olympianus</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="C8080A78BC5222668F24D7A14C74C7AA" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius olympianus" order="Russulales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="olympianus">Lactarius olympianus</taxonomicName>
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. Collection EB0070-14 under
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<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3A28E3A84A9A2B44F007C09915CBF942" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
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, Tobacco Root Mountains, Montana, USA. Scale bar: 2 cm. Photo by E. Barge.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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@ -1,178 +1,178 @@
|
|||
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873147" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0FA1BBD27AE78E782523F4F0E7F9CE2C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0FA1BBD27AE78E782523F4F0E7F9CE2C" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
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<treatment id="0FA1BBD27AE78E782523F4F0E7F9CE2C" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873147" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0FA1BBD27AE78E782523F4F0E7F9CE2C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0FA1BBD27AE78E782523F4F0E7F9CE2C" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<paragraph id="F9A39B45A18223847498F906A632C149" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7A25565A88654911D633E1FA62CBC709" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="878E820542FC8684EF3C25D95229EE52" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
14.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Hesler & A. H. Sm." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius zonarius var. riparius" order="Russulales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="zonarius" variety="riparius">Lactarius zonarius v. riparius Hesler & A.H. Sm.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A3EB946018A27E0107EFDA184CC483A5" ID-CoL="3RS76" authority="Hesler & A. H. Sm." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius zonarius var. riparius" order="Russulales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="zonarius" variety="riparius">Lactarius zonarius v. riparius Hesler & A.H. Sm.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 16
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
|
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<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
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<pageBreakToken pageId="29" pageNumber="30" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="85E336A6D98D8D089DCC158244D13A41" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A2A26DC50DE8C2C82F20433C496F6361" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="CCF856C4D0FB1F8DBA00DCEB6EABC64C" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8A24FDF27E5FC1A77029BAC334363B1C" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
Pileus 50-80 mm in diameter,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DD9EC781BC8787A3FE47DD9ABF28AB0C" originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to broadly infundibuliform, viscid to dry, smooth to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="matted–tomentose">matted-tomentose</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D27561687204F6BE22E41B0F8198DF09" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DAB490CF338C635FDE829088A919CF77" originalValue="matted–tomentose">matted-tomentose</normalizedToken>
|
||||
toward the margin, zonate to faintly zonate,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="yellow–brown">yellow-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B45BE9DEC3A1DAFF3F7E9599E41362F9" originalValue="yellow–brown">yellow-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="782FCE0076EC733715188B42DFFAF99D" originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="90E16E2BE2364816D40D62B9114C7D58" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
lighter toward the margin; margin incurved and
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="matted–tomentose">matted-tomentose</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="104B2B5A33B407F907B794D7BD68BA69" originalValue="matted–tomentose">matted-tomentose</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="cottony–tomentose">cottony-tomentose</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0FC44A3CB4A351C79CCE1F436333E4B9" originalValue="cottony–tomentose">cottony-tomentose</normalizedToken>
|
||||
when young, becoming straight and glabrous in age. Lamellae subdecurrent to decurrent, crowded, cream, staining brownish where damaged. Stipe 20-40
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="512596CB3D051043E068CA80EAE299EB" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
15-25 mm, equal to tapering toward the base, smooth,
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="30" pageNumber="31" start="start">dry</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="7C77F99351227A640E634C528FB3E733" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" start="start">dry</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
, cream,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1B81C8F26C506E51A3240D045D779169" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
with small pale brown scrobicules. Context very firm, cream. Latex white, unchanging, staining lamellae brownish. Odor sweet, fruity. Taste slowly acrid.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<paragraph id="09B37A1B7C75C1E31F54F43EBE6F7A2B" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
Basidiospores 7-9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8EABDEADCAE75479FF28AC6F75F159BF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5.5-7.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DBCA98677637B12D21B4AC3C4C053EF6" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = 1.2-1.4, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid; ornamentation forming a highly broken reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 40-66
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="23212775A4687DCD2A86654543792D32" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
4.5-7.4
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="22E7980D1F2AF95B427D43C2FDCF3E01" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scarce to scattered, narrowly subfusiform to fusiform; apex acute to moniliform. Cheilomacrocystidia 25-49
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7EF60D7C9D61D1D4272F46822D43066D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
4.5-5.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="782566BC1B89C9DEE883AAA5CDA31402" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, numerous, narrowly subfusiform to fusiform; apex acute to moniliform.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9D8326A70DB0865BC8DA02AF36F0C0B4" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B5043A9E94AB9BD6F105636F5753F26A" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="20639990CF64D164C79854C0AD845FA1" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
Originally described and reported from rich wet humus along small streams in hardwood forests in Michigan. There are very few subsequent reports. In the GYE, it occurs in rich, moist riparian areas with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus trichocarpa" order="Malpighiales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichocarpa">Populus trichocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="278FCE3ED601F0B60129BBE2F6446420" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus trichocarpa" order="Malpighiales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichocarpa">Populus trichocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, summer to fall.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="244C003F640DEB2A2F78D489DCE22706" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="39CBBDEAB0FB084C9478056958BC6CAC" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="18E01860ABA63481B4FB732CD7A400D7" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
U.S.A. MONTANA: Gallatin County, Bozeman, along Sourdough Creek, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus trichocarpa" order="Malpighiales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichocarpa">Populus trichocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ACF97B2BBD675128FA2AB19C5F7B38EB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus trichocarpa" order="Malpighiales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichocarpa">Populus trichocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 2013, CLC2933 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="13C64386E94A2695E7F882B9A60F6E52" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="27A4FD2FDB45A1742762BB9842813E5E" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="155835D01F050EB96E2F3DF8FED49F90" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
Molecularly, this taxon is very close to the European
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius evosmus" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="evosmus">Lactarius evosmus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kühner">Kuehner</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4181CBEE66992196BCB8398914F380B6" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius evosmus" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="evosmus">Lactarius evosmus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3DE449EBA022F924D4C6C1ACE81297AA" originalValue="Kühner">Kuehner</normalizedToken>
|
||||
& Romagn. (Figure 2B), which also associates with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Populus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4436B94F6E1BFDA8B19E0BB9747F6E55" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Populus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, as well as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="100CFC665308679A7E011C2CE0F95F21" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and occasionally
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D5074F390BA3042A4B67CB89386621D2" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="216EA7ABFAECCDB935247B11984B4197" author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It is also close to but distinct from the European
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius zonarius" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="zonarius">Lactarius zonarius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="21A3AD429A5691E8D5705E157F2B2B50" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius zonarius" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="zonarius">Lactarius zonarius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Figure 2B). Neither
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius evosmus" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="evosmus">Lactarius evosmus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F2596D2E5702978DF1C87F2A02922D46" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius evosmus" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="evosmus">Lactarius evosmus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius zonarius" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="zonarius">Lactarius zonarius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ED710599BD59F941EBC0F9375E32B536" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius zonarius" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="zonarius">Lactarius zonarius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
feature a bearded pileus margin at any point in sporocarp development.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius zonarius var. riparius" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="zonarius" variety="riparius">Lactarius zonarius v. riparius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C901D53CE949BEAA5332962706A6732C" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius zonarius var. riparius" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="zonarius" variety="riparius">Lactarius zonarius v. riparius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
will likely need to be given species level status and a new name, although this hinges on examination of type material.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<paragraph id="AE96AE22F3CB9F5ED77423AEB6356958" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
Similar taxa in western North America include
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius sanmiguelensis" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="sanmiguelensis">Lactarius sanmiguelensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EDC415D22424FB3398D01E42C1372E02" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius sanmiguelensis" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="sanmiguelensis">Lactarius sanmiguelensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm., described from under cottonwood in southwestern Colorado that has a pileus with
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="cinnamon–buff">cinnamon-buff</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="45D9C20FC558BD5457928BDD488546EC" originalValue="cinnamon–buff">cinnamon-buff</normalizedToken>
|
||||
zones on a pinkish buff ground color, the role of felt along the margin is pinkish buff, it does not have a distinctive odor, it is instantly and very strongly acrid, the lamellae are strongly anastomosed, pinkish buff, and do not discolor where injured, and the stipe is longer and pale pinkish buff (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="84D8534948B1F57D41B110644298DF17" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Bessette, AE" journalOrPublisher="Syracuse University Press" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 297" title="Milk mushrooms of North America: A field identification guide to the genus Lactarius" year="2009">Bessette et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B45C88ED43ACC949BFA6200748E4A237" author="Bessette, AE" journalOrPublisher="Syracuse University Press" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 297" title="Milk mushrooms of North America: A field identification guide to the genus Lactarius" year="2009">Bessette et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
synonymize
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius sanmiguelensis" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="sanmiguelensis">Lactarius sanmiguelensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5339EEB246C8C5159BE2877491497A27" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius sanmiguelensis" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="sanmiguelensis">Lactarius sanmiguelensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subvillosus" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subvillosus">Lactarius subvillosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7FB6CEF257136DAD438D69118F2E0D1F" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subvillosus" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subvillosus">Lactarius subvillosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm., the latter being undoubtedly different from the species described here.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudodelicatus" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudodelicatus">Lactarius pseudodelicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0C3BB3BAA47A67F1E61A0F8852ED27C3" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudodelicatus" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudodelicatus">Lactarius pseudodelicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is somewhat similar but it has a longer stipe, smaller basidiospores (6-8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DE837B048BD635E8A469D9B7F4A191E6" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5-6.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8517F586D0799CD360BEB9E24A28F723" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), and much larger pleuromacrocystidia (60-100
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9B87B5E2A53E897E67AAD77E4C254239" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
7-12
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3A3B45D721C3AD2A2A671F61A6CFFF07" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius psammicola" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="psammicola">Lactarius psammicola</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3098A2D6B02AC8DF2415390E816E55B3" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius psammicola" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="psammicola">Lactarius psammicola</taxonomicName>
|
||||
A.H. Sm. and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius yazooensis" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="yazooensis">Lactarius yazooensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B7C0B6D1017EF528D9D455470AD035FA" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius yazooensis" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="yazooensis">Lactarius yazooensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm. are similar species with a more Eastern North American distribution in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="42BB4B320A10C5DE3F055A5856F94774" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
forests (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="58CEDE3296A6285678472AB70951ED33" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<caption id="BD972DDFE6F86F8002BFAD9141D8EE03" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<paragraph id="BEDD6ED322B9F16C51E5D78301B6471C" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
Figure 16.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius zonarius var. riparius" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="zonarius" variety="riparius">Lactarius zonarius v. riparius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CF935BD318317F8FB5F828836C37F78" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius zonarius var. riparius" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="zonarius" variety="riparius">Lactarius zonarius v. riparius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Collection CLC2933 under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus trichocarpa" order="Malpighiales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichocarpa">Populus trichocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A8944428C2FB298DD10E777645276E34" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus trichocarpa" order="Malpighiales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichocarpa">Populus trichocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Bozeman, Montana, USA. Scale bar: 2 cm. Photo by E. Barge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,162 +1,162 @@
|
|||
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873146" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1AC976EE1D4620B26C67D62690D9D4AA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1AC976EE1D4620B26C67D62690D9D4AA" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
||||
<treatment id="1AC976EE1D4620B26C67D62690D9D4AA" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873146" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1AC976EE1D4620B26C67D62690D9D4AA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1AC976EE1D4620B26C67D62690D9D4AA" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="DA6DCB4ABDB6BD0CC4DC872642CC3A03" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2F02E0551B45FFC6C135A2C174A3555B" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EE7E67FA8C286BFBC54818DC50272E4B" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="172D0051BB1BE1D43177C644FF981859" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
7.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="(Hesler & A. H. Sm.) Montoya & Bandala" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius montanus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="montanus">Lactarius montanus (Hesler & A.H. Sm.) Montoya & Bandala</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7498C1F840B9A50B42648604FA82C091" ID-CoL="3RRZW" authority="(Hesler & A. H. Sm.) Montoya & Bandala" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius montanus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="montanus">Lactarius montanus (Hesler & A.H. Sm.) Montoya & Bandala</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 9
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="85D8FB28F7ED5C68A3F2726564B6F196" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F149E341F08B84B4B82DEC9C0F789E28" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C3A14CB839D68F0670107D7D9A0447B4" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
Pileus 30-100 mm in diameter, convex to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9E6CD35F59F91989526C6B63B89D25F4" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="13C9CBF0B280AD18CE24A253063B8215" originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to infundibuliform, viscid, smooth, azonate to zonate, zones consisting of darker spots arranged concentrically,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="gray–brown">gray-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1785BD9F1F94128FA5B994C0E6D76DBA" originalValue="gray–brown">gray-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="vinaceous–gray">vinaceous-gray</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="381F6006866B712521C693AAD832F78A" originalValue="vinaceous–gray">vinaceous-gray</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="violet–brown">violet-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="652AF01D059A80FF7FFD6C24A66E8F30" originalValue="violet–brown">violet-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
; margin straight to slightly incurved when young, becoming straight and
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9ABDF40F53CDDB96CD08589935D4A0D2" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
wavy. KOH on pileus cuticle and stipe green. Lamellae adnate to subdecurrent, crowded to subdistant, cream, discoloring violet where damaged with rust brown stains also often present on older material. Stipe 30-70
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="80A69B54633EC0ED5F36298DD49890BB" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
10-30 mm, equal to clavate, smooth with light tomentum often present especially toward base, dry, white to light brown, discoloring violet and eventually rust brown where damaged, solid, becoming hollow. Context white, discoloring violet and eventually rust brown where damaged. Latex scarce to copious, white, staining tissue violet. Odor strongly resinous. Taste strongly resinous.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<paragraph id="20D9B87DBB7FA16C6822EDBDA67C0C44" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
Basidiospores 7-10.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D4726E62B5C38F23E644576FF2795C8C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6-8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A4A75C0DE1A6840834A449386E02914C" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = 1.2-1.5, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid; ornamentation forming a broken to partial reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 50-90
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="503B3DA06489EAF869A5804D4DF29DA6" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0C3E870A58A40259BFA81114D1EBC35E" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
scarce to scattered,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="fusoid–acuminate">fusoid-acuminate</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C55820EAA758AF52B3138E525821BA56" originalValue="fusoid–acuminate">fusoid-acuminate</normalizedToken>
|
||||
; apex acute to moniliform. Cheilomacrocystidia 30-55
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="373F5785D25B38FF8118322C717DDE5A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
4-9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="EC655997E6A74FD85033C0CAF95BFA6E" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scarce,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="fusoid–acuminate">fusoid-acuminate</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A7FE809F10B4B5A3515265EFBD485057" originalValue="fusoid–acuminate">fusoid-acuminate</normalizedToken>
|
||||
; apex acute to moniliform.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A3A8CF955C575EA5AE96552C1A72765E" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D83FC55226076B8A732A2E9077AB235" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="31AE06CFAB29B9F1F8CFDB4F22949FBB" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
Under conifers in western North America. In the GYE, it occurs in wet areas, often along streams in the montane spruce-fir and krummholz zones, possibly always in the presence of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8862E975B97E335D1161E08B276AE6BC" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, summer and fall.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2092A99A9961B4FC5CC86713ABEB6837" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7D53668B50B8F04EADCA72DCDD1B8F8C" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="49B9D9F644C1A84CB7076675597709F6" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
U.S.A. MONTANA: Madison County, Madison Range, Mirror Lake, swampy area under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D833FF4167D48BA4BCDEF93D84F87711" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B5F2BAA72DC4E02AD987FE6EB9AF08B0" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. 3 Sept 2013, EB120-13 (MONT); Madison County, Tobacco Root Mountains, Branham Lakes, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49F551A30E1B4E1A4BDA5C5D8AAF7F58" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8A9AC54F1BD174104C024E0C4D2232B0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 31 Aug 2013, CLC3001 (MONT), under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8E27AFC5683599666684D152D089E41A" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 1 Sept 2014, EB0071-14 (MONT), EB0072-14 (MONT), EB0073-14 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="506EC0F1686820364808D1FC4E2FB5E4" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5FBB051DD049FC3F726A973FE5A0A4D3" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="208222AF72B02CC489BDEF44B767D032" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
In western North America, similar species with violet-staining flesh include
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallescens" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallescens">Lactarius pallescens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F3643179110CBAACEE8F797F215B7C4D" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallescens" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallescens">Lactarius pallescens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius californiensis" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="californiensis">Lactarius californiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="29B1F2B347279AAFCF184A43C7317F59" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius californiensis" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="californiensis">Lactarius californiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm., and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius cordovaensis" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cordovaensis">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="19" pageNumber="20" start="start">Lactarius</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BA2BA2B7853B12E0BEC6ED7DE545047B" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius cordovaensis" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cordovaensis">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="657F98E4B7D01548A62E3ABB9D7F8585" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" start="start">Lactarius</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
cordovaensis
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallescens" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallescens">Lactarius pallescens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="390A5BEA7C1E29DA9189052CEC99A506" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallescens" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallescens">Lactarius pallescens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius californiensis" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="californiensis">Lactarius californiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0E2DBD294598A6DFB67DA975A8CD3A2D" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius californiensis" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="californiensis">Lactarius californiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are generally more white overall in color, have a slightly acrid to acrid taste (not strongly resinous), and do not stain green in KOH.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius cordovaensis" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cordovaensis">Lactarius cordovaensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="03DFB40E60A403B143C0F8410A51452F" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius cordovaensis" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cordovaensis">Lactarius cordovaensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–tan">orange-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A3169B9354B07DE758A63B200074CB22" originalValue="orange–tan">orange-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
lamellae when young, and possibly slightly smaller basidiospores (7.5-9.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9F328D00F948CD5B412E24C404A9F2DF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6.5-8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1BA2E78CECB3BE2F85BAEA3AC95D3ACC" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius uvidus" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="uvidus">Lactarius uvidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FCFB7366954E3D364787C1383AC6260D" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius uvidus" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="uvidus">Lactarius uvidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, a European species whose presence has not been confirmed molecularly for North America, typically has a lighter pileus, a bitter taste (not strongly resinous), and does not stain green in KOH. Previous reports of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius uvidus" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="uvidus">Lactarius uvidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B518FA91A179993019516043BB386203" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius uvidus" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="uvidus">Lactarius uvidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the GYE (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="McKnight, KH" journalOrPublisher="Grand Teton Library and Museum Association" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 21" title="Checklist of mushrooms and other fungi of Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks" year="1982">McKnight 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B3C1E26714EE594F753E2ABF0C2EEDBC" author="McKnight, KH" journalOrPublisher="Grand Teton Library and Museum Association" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 21" title="Checklist of mushrooms and other fungi of Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks" year="1982">McKnight 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and the Central and Southern Rocky Mountains in general likely refer to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius montanus" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="montanus">Lactarius montanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="077C38B62426B94C0833293FC57537D7" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius montanus" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="montanus">Lactarius montanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. See comments under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius aff. brunneoviolaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D543A50E52BC049DA1BDC06FB367D3E3" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius aff. brunneoviolaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallidomarginatus" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallidomarginatus">Lactarius pallidomarginatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DAFB36D86FB2160198778F7F5AE1F560" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallidomarginatus" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallidomarginatus">Lactarius pallidomarginatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
for features differentiating
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius montanus" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="montanus">Lactarius montanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="12DF8955F053D03C2177D7F281DE6BCB" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius montanus" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="montanus">Lactarius montanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from those taxa.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
<caption id="757E95F5BB09085E8FE73683C1866D56" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
<paragraph id="CB87C35054C3541660BA6A9DBE0F9D76" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
Figure 9.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius montanus" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="montanus">Lactarius montanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A6F6FDD86BE1362C38530F4AFF143FFC" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius montanus" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="montanus">Lactarius montanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Top collection EB0072-14 and bottom collection EB0073-14 under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1FEBE45DE6B938CCCD9BAAE67F17C263" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Tobacco Root Mountains, Montana, USA. Scale bars: 2 cm. Photos by E. Barge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,141 +1,141 @@
|
|||
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873145" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:206DA5FF460BE394034D49775CD0ED18" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/206DA5FF460BE394034D49775CD0ED18" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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|
||||
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|
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<treatment id="206DA5FF460BE394034D49775CD0ED18" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873145" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:206DA5FF460BE394034D49775CD0ED18" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/206DA5FF460BE394034D49775CD0ED18" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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|
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<pageBreakToken id="2508F37ED656E0FF34340D87FBF09B06" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" start="start">Taxon</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="45F3F69C50E2307156658C64AC350BC2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9630325072058D44D8A2F87C154568C1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
13.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Fr." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pubescens" order="Russulales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pubescens">Lactarius pubescens Fr.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="552137B5FAB17DEAF3E3A7F3988ED760" ID-CoL="6NSPQ" authority="Fr." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pubescens" order="Russulales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pubescens">Lactarius pubescens Fr.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 15
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="37BE6C1104DD02D3EFA15EE6B17959F1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9FDB2972B3CED417803F21300D1AE0C9" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A9E59F320447C04B62EB3CBAA4D92101" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
Pileus 20-100 mm in diameter,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3A2A0DEBC5B841190A4F54CCBFAB6D7A" originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to infundibuliform, dry, smooth, hairy toward margin, pale cream to cream or pale pinkish buff; margin bearded, incurved when young becoming straight to wavy in age. Lamellae adnate to decurrent, crowded, pale cream to pale pinkish buff. Stipe 25-50
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="96EAE6A13CF167544EDBAFC0C3AC567D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
10-15 mm, equal, smooth, dry, pale pinkish buff to pale orange, becoming hollow. Context whitish to pale pinkish buff. Latex not abundant, white, unchanging. Odor fragrant. Taste acrid.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
<paragraph id="35DEC2D34307DFF22C3472111A24982B" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
Basidiospores 6-8.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="23B83DDE0EFA65373E0249DACDDC2DFC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
4-6
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A0C688FB7909C3705FE18CB1B1CCFB39" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = 1.2-1.5, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid; ornamentation forming an incomplete reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 25-55
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="42AA1EF35EB60216B643D291B0EA885A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
7-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="17404B6DCF1FB943A720F119F3740800" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scattered, clavate to fusiform; apex acute to moniliform. Cheilomacrocystidia 25-48
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="610E3410806D102ACBF31CED9406C93B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5-9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A548E32D04DB31C9D7304FD0C3F82A8F" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, numerous, clavate to fusiform; apex acute to moniliform.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="389A1EACE3B3B7DAFB0F1C88F6BD0555" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E061DF61835D978F909F739A6A7D7FF" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3A91B00B346399C3981A6BC4F4DB900F" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
Originally described from Europe and apparently widespread with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="089D77D49B0663711AFC3FB367D733AB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and aspen. It also appears to associate with certain herbaceous plants in alpine areas (China) based on publicly available sequences on GenBank isolated from ectomycorrhizal root tips. In the GYE, it occurs with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EDCD901E94F6C087CF51770DF1C5BA6C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1BDA53104182A1D2074A7C8C42C639DA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0619404C4648A505F1E204D690EE55EC" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9C19F9202C6472917C4701CD22DC066D" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="FF9112B5ADFEDDC0AAF3F0D446CDA3BE" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
U.S.A. MONTANA: Deerlodge County, Anaconda Superfund site, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1AED68E6122666F99B2A3AB951D37AC3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp., 24 Sept 1996, CLC1045 (MONT); Park County, Gallatin Range, Cinnabar Basin, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C943DED1CBFCA28793DBB6327301FA05" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 1992, CLC539 (MONT); Silver Bow County, 23 Sept 2015, EB300-15 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3D5754F647C2ADF8AAD6EAF89EBD3068" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C0C1288EFD135A8F5DE0384677B4F17E" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C79382432ED3DC6EE8A1F94C8EBC42D0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
Morphologically and molecularly (at least at the ITS region), material from the GYE is identical to European material (Figure 2B). In North America,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8B1D432844CE414F5BDD3042E4B5A055" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
distinguish an
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pubescens var. betulae" order="Russulales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="pubescens" variety="betulae">Lactarius pubescens v. betulae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1B39ADF4E352E2115C13BDED1DCD1117" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pubescens var. betulae" order="Russulales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="pubescens" variety="betulae">Lactarius pubescens v. betulae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(A.H. Sm.) Hesler & A.H. Sm. based on yellowing latex among other subtle features, however yellowing latex was not noted in our collections. Further investigation of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pubescens" order="Russulales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pubescens">Lactarius pubescens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AC96FA319B912E718ED94BC285BF6A6E" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pubescens" order="Russulales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pubescens">Lactarius pubescens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in North America is warranted. The
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F41659942A37CE2F9B979E2466D44C94" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
associate
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius torminosus" order="Russulales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="torminosus">Lactarius torminosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="65FF609434FEAFA916D879D4F03485D0" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius torminosus" order="Russulales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="torminosus">Lactarius torminosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is similar, and closely related (Figure 2B) but its basidiomes are typically more pink colored and it has larger basidiospores (7.5-9.6
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4C96C8AE3324D804A026BD2E5A6E139B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5.6-6.9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D6919B24D79CF3508BBC0A5FCEB62800" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="436CF60FCD6F6072F299435BF1F5787D" author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius resimus" order="Russulales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="resimus">Lactarius resimus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8D0277B81F73B4E990A92694971C8C31" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius resimus" order="Russulales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="resimus">Lactarius resimus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fr.) Fr. is also similar, however it has strongly yellowing latex and flesh and larger basidiospores (7.0-9.7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="523D85D2FA4C6F5DDA2873F9679EB750" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5.3-7.2
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9B8023B13A0694C259A960151FCEE9F0" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="73CB04A3100683D1233A1516440CF3E4" author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). See comments under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudodelicatus" order="Russulales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudodelicatus">Lactarius pseudodelicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="26603A0BBBED5DB7D19EF8A26CBB9B08" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudodelicatus" order="Russulales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudodelicatus">Lactarius pseudodelicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
for distinguishing features for that taxon.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
<caption id="FEEF6022F7516A0168DAEC9D4EE05CA1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D503D93C42DAC6CC58DAA64600120BC4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
Figure 15.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pubescens" order="Russulales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pubescens">Lactarius pubescens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="824F4D9934066C66FAC31B616A85B939" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pubescens" order="Russulales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pubescens">Lactarius pubescens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Collection EB303-15 under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="44C274CB8F26C06666D3864059892082" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp., Boise, Idaho, USA. Scale bar: 2 cm. Photo by E. Barge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,192 +1,192 @@
|
|||
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
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|
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|
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|
||||
1.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Hesler & A. H. Sm." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus var. mitis" order="Russulales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="alpinus" variety="mitis">Lactarius alpinus v. mitis Hesler & A.H. Sm.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="852796DC2A0CD51BF65FE122B1094089" ID-CoL="5PMG3" authority="Hesler & A. H. Sm." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus var. mitis" order="Russulales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="alpinus" variety="mitis">Lactarius alpinus v. mitis Hesler & A.H. Sm.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 3
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D1D4EE01B1A85F0B57AFDFAA11AE4470" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D291DBAFCE1D14C422FBA60407E7E619" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="484B74C201779B71C08E9F342BFCE5F3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
Pileus 8-20 mm in diameter (to 80 mm in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EEA798AA60ADCE0776503429731C480C" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), plano-convex to infundibuliform,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="881C9ACEB21C895204D76F9124F3A811" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
papillate, dry, finely rimulose to minutely squamulose, red-brown to orange-brown to pinkish cinnamon; margin finely crenulate, incurved when young, becoming straight to wavy in age. Lamellae adnate to subdecurrent, subdistant to crowded, cream to creamy tan, discoloring slightly darker where damaged. Stipe 8-23
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DE8BC94BB599409F1CA5C2B312264DAB" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5-8 mm (30-50
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C9694A7274B3B8F0195E1DBAA4627785" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
10-15 mm in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="32B3054012E8638889873187A47BD70D" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), equal to slightly clavate, smooth, dry, pale creamy yellow to creamy tan, solid, becoming hollow. Context concolorous with pileus. Latex scarce, watery, white, unchanging. Odor mild. Taste mild.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<paragraph id="61F82D94519B0622F3D0AF7213F621FA" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
Basidiospores 7-9.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F1F36B0F3A072678256BB31E7AB89F18" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5-7.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="36F48D62CB0F0BCA1F4AF2DC2997B80E" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = 1.3-1.5, ellipsoid; ornamentation forming a broken to partial reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 60-100
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D54B2CB45053F0D38D37B77A6256A868" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="06E3913FBB0B4DC404DDE2A8C496F4A7" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, numerous, strongly projecting, mucronate to fusoid; apex acute to moniliform. Cheilomacrocystidia 50-80
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="93BB0C9FEBCF8CD913CF9F125FA6DD17" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3740307627368EB56C830B3E1491D964" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, numerous, strongly projecting, mucronate to fusoid; apex acute to moniliform.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F89697E5E4F6B0C485A8B2FF8F8A9ADB" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="FB7CF7D7D9A6D824038E5E68DCA6FB5E" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB279DD6CEC243A0AB9C4E66247546F" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
In western and into eastern North America with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Alnus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1FB9F4C96C0ABF32CA5BB749DCEC6DBD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Alnus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In the GYE only one collection has been made thus far and it was from a riparian area near
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus incana" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incana">Alnus incana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6348E1B23E9C6D31D979B754F36B6689" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus incana" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incana">Alnus incana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus trichocarpa" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichocarpa">Populus trichocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="89993A681C7F67A6CB5D0FBF09BA8472" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus trichocarpa" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichocarpa">Populus trichocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, late summer. Further sampling under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Alnus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C093F9232EA410E2367084C6E678BD71" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Alnus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the Rocky Mountains is necessary.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="470F4327838EC5BDAAFA58D4097E0066" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="312870780A214CA66190309148A6E2EC" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A14BDE35E63137713D656C4478B0093A" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
U.S.A. MONTANA: Carbon County, Red Lodge, along Rock Creek, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus incana" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incana">Alnus incana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E2E79E9FC63D890FF31A89FF49A99F7C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus incana" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incana">Alnus incana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus trichocarpa" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichocarpa">Populus trichocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AA1AEAF1B9F14C0C7B65C85F2196CF14" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus trichocarpa" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichocarpa">Populus trichocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 6 Sept 2015, EB161-15 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="10" start="start">Discussion</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F25346A244CF1F9BC0D18FD5C8F0E21D" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="76E85DDB731FE6FDA445CC3505C91220" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="7E2D41C551B4AA47C7CF7F3B5AF05A77" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" start="start">Discussion</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B8AD70886C7175901680744BED581596" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
This is the first report of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus var. mitis" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="alpinus" variety="mitis">Lactarius alpinus v. mitis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2D6B63A154637BB42E66E3C30705091B" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus var. mitis" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="alpinus" variety="mitis">Lactarius alpinus v. mitis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the GYE. According to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3ED771EB7E4E281844A41877DABA5F36" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus var. mitis" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="alpinus" variety="mitis">Lactarius alpinus v. mitis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="55EEC0096879FACA5BC1D66831BB5099" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus var. mitis" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="alpinus" variety="mitis">Lactarius alpinus v. mitis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has duller pileus and lamellae colors than
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alpinus">Lactarius alpinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C63DC140494F9B689735A63892103D34" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alpinus">Lactarius alpinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
v.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alpinus">alpinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CD82FC8F5638EC48F08827EC12CAF1C6" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alpinus">alpinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Peck, which typically develops bright yellow to apricot colors; variety
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius mitis var. mitis" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="mitis" variety="mitis">mitis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A7CE63372466E14779D31AB0EEF5081A" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius mitis var. mitis" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="mitis" variety="mitis">mitis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also has longer and more conspicuous macrocystidia and a mild rather than slowly acrid taste. The collection described here likely did not reach full maturity, and the basidiomes are smaller than reported in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="DD077464E5431A5E01C37D8C4346D1FB" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. Phylogenetic analyses including material of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alpinus">Lactarius alpinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="50B85B55D688153835633835EADA940C" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alpinus">Lactarius alpinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
v.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alpinus">alpinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9912496E70AEDAA5DF0FE5A1FB6F2A9C" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alpinus">alpinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from near the type locality suggest that
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus var. mitis" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="alpinus" variety="mitis">Lactarius alpinus v. mitis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C9F4424FAD059CE997426FE7AAFE5F8E" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus var. mitis" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="alpinus" variety="mitis">Lactarius alpinus v. mitis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alpinus">Lactarius alpinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EB2B3B2487F51904204BC1AD68667B5E" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alpinus">Lactarius alpinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
v.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alpinus">alpinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A8684755B8279B9001D72A5BC146FDB9" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alpinus">alpinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are distinct species (Figure 2A, 2C), however a more in depth analysis incorporating type material of at least
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus var. mitis" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="alpinus" variety="mitis">Lactarius alpinus v. mitis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B1F6CA4B4A1FCC7A77184A87138ECE76" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus var. mitis" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="alpinus" variety="mitis">Lactarius alpinus v. mitis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
should be carried out before making this determination final. For an interesting discussion on
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alpinus">Lactarius alpinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F413E68E28FCCA9E58A6A10DA8F874B1" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alpinus">Lactarius alpinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Nuytinck, J" journalOrPublisher="Omphalina" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="12 - 14" title="Lactariusalpinus." volume="7" year="2016">Nuytinck and Voitk (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="199A58405815EDF0859172CD9736D5E4" author="Nuytinck, J" journalOrPublisher="Omphalina" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="12 - 14" title="Lactariusalpinus." volume="7" year="2016">Nuytinck and Voitk (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Rochet, J" journalOrPublisher="BMC Evolutionary Biology" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="40 - 50" title="Comparative phylogenies and host specialization in the alder ectomycorrhizal fungi Alnicola, Alpova and Lactarius (Basidiomycota) in Europe." url="10.1186/1471-2148-11-40" volume="11" year="2011">Rochet et al. (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3B653E3B6C13448900A5E7CAF00AA257" author="Rochet, J" journalOrPublisher="BMC Evolutionary Biology" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="40 - 50" title="Comparative phylogenies and host specialization in the alder ectomycorrhizal fungi Alnicola, Alpova and Lactarius (Basidiomycota) in Europe." url="10.1186/1471-2148-11-40" volume="11" year="2011">Rochet et al. (2011)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C990675F4FDA2A597274A2081163B264" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
While
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus var. mitis" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="alpinus" variety="mitis">Lactarius alpinus v. mitis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C772B39745EB42F5C3207D5E5EF3337D" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus var. mitis" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="alpinus" variety="mitis">Lactarius alpinus v. mitis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
appears to be quite distantly related to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alpinus">Lactarius alpinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EDD741230BBC7BBC723BD7B41429B0A2" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alpinus">Lactarius alpinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
v.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alpinus">alpinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A1C934301073B83CF8C5AE040EF6F7FA" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alpinus">alpinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, it is very closely related to the European
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lilacinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lilacinus">Lactarius lilacinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9732013868038CCDF6783B3D72D8D95D" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lilacinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lilacinus">Lactarius lilacinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Lasch) Fr., the recently described Mexican
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius cuspidoaurantiacus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cuspidoaurantiacus">Lactarius cuspidoaurantiacus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E5923953EF2ACEAE75FB8CA02D523B77" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius cuspidoaurantiacus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cuspidoaurantiacus">Lactarius cuspidoaurantiacus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Montoya, Bandala & Garay-Serr., and to a lesser extent
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lepidotus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lepidotus">Lactarius lepidotus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="43AC46C87BE8EDE941BDA2B626E20D4F" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lepidotus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lepidotus">Lactarius lepidotus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm., all of which are also associated with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Alnus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="453F3CB90053F1623CC83FDB0121FADE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Alnus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Figure 2A).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lilacinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lilacinus">Lactarius lilacinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="84834026D28EC5C6DD0BDA69FA35EBDC" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lilacinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lilacinus">Lactarius lilacinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is typically more pink to violet in color and has a fruity smell.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius cuspidoaurantiacus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cuspidoaurantiacus">Lactarius cuspidoaurantiacus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F732520818D88A15D5170A822C06F8A" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius cuspidoaurantiacus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cuspidoaurantiacus">Lactarius cuspidoaurantiacus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
appears to have more yellow-orange basidiomes, more orange colored, distant lamellae, and a
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Geraniaceae" genus="Pelargonium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pelargonium" order="Geraniales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pelargonium</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="83F94C3DE39A9BABA89332301364CC41" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Geraniaceae" genus="Pelargonium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pelargonium" order="Geraniales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pelargonium</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-like odor (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Montoya, L" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="949 - 962" title="Two new species of Lactarius associated with Alnusacuminatasubsp. arguta in Mexico." url="10.3852/14-006" volume="106" year="2014">Montoya et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0337C7E634276E3BEEFB675D6EE777FD" author="Montoya, L" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="949 - 962" title="Two new species of Lactarius associated with Alnusacuminatasubsp. arguta in Mexico." url="10.3852/14-006" volume="106" year="2014">Montoya et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lepidotus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lepidotus">Lactarius lepidotus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9218C41C852501340970EC5304E8B065" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lepidotus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lepidotus">Lactarius lepidotus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has a more gray-brown to beige pileus. Neither
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lilacinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lilacinus">Lactarius lilacinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="75B0511D24ED7D143634D7E4655C6D6C" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lilacinus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lilacinus">Lactarius lilacinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius cuspidoaurantiacus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cuspidoaurantiacus">Lactarius cuspidoaurantiacus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="32FFB26A921D96AA02F7D80D37AC0289" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius cuspidoaurantiacus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="cuspidoaurantiacus">Lactarius cuspidoaurantiacus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lepidotus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lepidotus">Lactarius lepidotus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FB12B21D9D8F832AA63052C238EC462C" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lepidotus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lepidotus">Lactarius lepidotus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have been reported from the Rocky Mountains.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<caption id="D73387737D54EF43DEBB09C40A540552" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A9E42F65A665F4851EE38CC86AD3FA5D" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
Figure 3.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus var. mitis" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="alpinus" variety="mitis">Lactarius alpinus v. mitis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5253D011D0094E677F2A960FCD7A7936" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alpinus var. mitis" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="alpinus" variety="mitis">Lactarius alpinus v. mitis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Top collection EB161-15 under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus incana" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incana">Alnus incana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="463567D3D3975BABCC4586EB83F10AC3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus incana" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incana">Alnus incana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus trichocarpa" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichocarpa">Populus trichocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4B65D57C7511C9EC2A51941A6008931F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus trichocarpa" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trichocarpa">Populus trichocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Red Lodge, Montana, USA. Bottom collection EB516-15 under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus rubra" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubra">Alnus rubra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F2B642E619FF1806CED9D230718FDB4C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus rubra" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rubra">Alnus rubra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, western Oregon, USA. Scale bars: 2 cm. Photos by E. Barge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,109 +1,108 @@
|
|||
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Taxon classification Animalia Zoantharia Parazoanthidae</paragraph>
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|
||||
<paragraph id="719ABEDEC378947B16C0933D4477B29C" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
19.
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Parazoanthidae" lsidName="Macrocnemina" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="family">Parazoanthidae sp. 2</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6D7EA7B80B11A129383A2721EAFE8513" ID-CoL="7NKC7" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macrocnemina" order="Zoantharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Parazoanthidae sp. 2</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figures 16C, D, 17
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="specimens examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Specimens examined</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="CB2A83D08A511B62046EF2386A80A744" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="specimens examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3B5AF2C5B2BC2E68557FE60000C80784" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Specimens examined</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8008CE322EDC77139831A54096BFE80C" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
(n=1). RMNH Coel 40762,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Snellius–II">Snellius-II</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B9F5332859E3C1FA6E933EA505AE20A8" originalValue="Snellius–II">Snellius-II</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Expedition, Station 4.227, west Pulau Tinanja, Taka Bone Rate (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-6.5466666">06°32'48"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="E985FC978198AD47A8292D37421DFB0C" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-6.5466666">06°32'48"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="121.16">121°09'36"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="1CC8C18AF076B01778C8A839909AD067" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="121.16">121°09'36"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), depth = 60 m, collected on October 15, 1984 by rectangular dredge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="photographic records">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Photographic records.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">NA.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2FAAB48444F6096837BCC48B8F41B7C1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="photographic records">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1FFEFAA1355D7DF607BEE96F08341F7F" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Photographic records.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8A31AC230A1AACA70544221187A42AB2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">NA.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2CCAF2E1F79DBE06AE4BC1A020EF886D" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="28FBA65638C3F295E4B29EF5062A0555" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="81DC29C39C0DCC6C53B9A485E53C79AF" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
Epibiotic on
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Cirripathes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirripathes" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Cirripathes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="356C5D2911D324F071B1799EF05E9201" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Cirripathes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirripathes" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Cirripathes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. (specimen RMNH Coel 24832). Polyps of this azooxanthellate zoantharian specimen are relatively small (average width 2.1 mm, n=8 polyps) and do not protrude much from the coenenchyme, with polyp height approximately same as width. Polyps and coenenchyme are heavily encrusted, and golden yellow-brown in color. Coenenchyme forms a thin sheath over the antipatharian surface. Capitulary ridges not clearly discernable. Polyps form semi-regular vertical rows over short distances of the antipatharian (e.g. approx. 5 cm), but with no observable pattern for the entire colony (Figure 16C). Colony encrusts the top approximately 1/2 of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Cirripathes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirripathes" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Cirripathes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3CB6154863010AECC2B5B0CD34C1DBA6" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Cirripathes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirripathes" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Cirripathes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
specimen; starting approximately 15 cm from the bottom holdfast. The
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Cirripathes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirripathes" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Cirripathes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="colony’s">colony's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B0A654D60A3EF3A97907FBBC9173CD89" class="Anthozoa" family="Antipathidae" genus="Cirripathes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cirripathes" order="Antipatharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Cirripathes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="5D33F4793FFB2339771A9F6BFEFA3EA9" originalValue="colony’s">colony's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
proximal tip appears to be broken off and missing.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Regions recorded in this study (Figure 17). Taka Bone Rate (11).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Past records. NA.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="956B0F49762485AF9DCBD736F7DDB7FE" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8870D451B57108AEAD9058329830C5AE" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="DC63C643A35DD369CC1227B00D5CBA21" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Regions recorded in this study (Figure 17). Taka Bone Rate (11).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B0E8794186E6CDD5C826D79C1D294095" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Past records. NA.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EBE21F6F170D349C27D9F06648EA9090" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D72C430B9D816DAF0A5AEADFFDFD74E0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D3FF6F54563D64E6A21E9F712DC74925" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
This species may belong to genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Antipathozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathozoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Antipathozoanthus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F90E254A31169DC0BC39279F121EBAFC" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Antipathozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathozoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Antipathozoanthus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which was described recently by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Sinniger, F" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biodiversity" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="57 - 70" title="The Parazoanthidae DNA taxonomy: description of two new genera." url="10.1007/s12526-009-0034-3" volume="40" year="2010">Sinniger et al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A9B0F6222EDBDE7B213CEFE483A74F8D" author="Sinniger, F" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biodiversity" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="57 - 70" title="The Parazoanthidae DNA taxonomy: description of two new genera." url="10.1007/s12526-009-0034-3" volume="40" year="2010">Sinniger et al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and includes species from both the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific, with reports of specimens also from the Red Sea (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Reimer, JD" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biodiversity Records" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 3" title="First records of Parazoanthidae and Microzoanthidae (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Zoantharia) from the Red Sea." url="10.1017/S1755267214000025" volume="7" year="2014 b">Reimer et al. 2014b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B6EAA3F58235AE326A395AE768D4A7B5" author="Reimer, JD" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biodiversity Records" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 3" title="First records of Parazoanthidae and Microzoanthidae (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Zoantharia) from the Red Sea." url="10.1017/S1755267214000025" volume="7" year="2014 b">Reimer et al. 2014b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It is likely several undescribed
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Antipathozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathozoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Antipathozoanthus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="66D14D995956B6386CCF22B8428433A0" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Antipathozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathozoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Antipathozoanthus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species are present in the Indo-Pacific, as only one
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Antipathozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathozoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Antipathozoanthus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5B1219EEA543F12FC3E121BE5498B1ED" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" genus="Antipathozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Antipathozoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Antipathozoanthus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species from the Galapagos has been formally described. In situ images and DNA sequences are needed to formally describe this species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,138 +1,137 @@
|
|||
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152055747" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:36BD9EEC73EDC16061B01FE4E11D8721" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/36BD9EEC73EDC16061B01FE4E11D8721" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Taxon classification Animalia Zoantharia Parazoanthidae</paragraph>
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<treatment id="36BD9EEC73EDC16061B01FE4E11D8721" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152055747" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:36BD9EEC73EDC16061B01FE4E11D8721" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/36BD9EEC73EDC16061B01FE4E11D8721" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" scope_family="Sphenopidae" scope_genus="Sphenopus" scope_order="Zoantharia" scope_phylum="Cnidaria" scope_subClass="Hexacorallia">
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<paragraph id="7FD35BFE4C14843F9895127697C9F1DD" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Taxon classification Animalia Zoantharia Parazoanthidae</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F0720F6A4DB2907CD1C7BA903F715B95" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="003D5D6E0DEB30FEDA3DFF1A75887CD9" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
18.
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Parazoanthidae" lsidName="Macrocnemina" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="family">Parazoanthidae sp. 1</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B909DEAB2161873446CF9DA0A743F044" ID-CoL="7NKC7" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macrocnemina" order="Zoantharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Parazoanthidae sp. 1</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figures 16A, B, 17
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="specimens examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Specimens examined</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2C5BC4B70F7D58094EA9EC59AC08390C" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="specimens examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="FB95BF0088DD249821178413CCE52A68" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Specimens examined</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D1739CC0686827644902B3B755C878FB" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
(n=2). RMNH Coel 40766, Fauna Malesiana Maluku Expedition station MAL.09, southwest coast, Ambon, Latuhalat, Moluccas (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-3.7666667">03°46'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="B375C40DDC33C7AAD43AED9A670450A6" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-3.7666667">03°46'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="128.1">128°06'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="CA0343FA6A7653897ECB237EE710228B" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="128.1">128°06'E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), depth = to 24 m, collected on November 11, 1996; RMNH Coel 40768, Snellius Expedition, Pulau Bo Islands, Halmahera Sea, collected on October 5, 1930.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="photographic records">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Photographic records</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="DB3C6C38AD3810B1566373E03EEFC70C" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="photographic records">
|
||||
<paragraph id="99AFBA5C992AED271AAF389F9E4A0080" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Photographic records</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="CFB4F08F71A8D1B8F0F5A78B3B169C5C" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
(n=1). Station BER.30, north of Lighthouse 1 Reef, south of Pulau Derawan, East Kalimantan, Berau Islands (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="2.2672222">02°16'02"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="14EFBD2F4BA0464C01EE8485377D8172" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="2.2672222">02°16'02"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="118.239716">118°14'23"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="41D328E2C8E7A04B25003A970BEF17E1" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="118.239716">118°14'23"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
), October 22, 2003.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3DFC894AFCDB4065897F9BC00BE0EFD2" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E4A317D60964957FB404904A7B3D218D" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7923B8D8A6C5BF49117271F441A3FFE0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
Azooxanthellate, epibiotic on
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Keroeididae" genus="Keroeides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Keroeides" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Keroeides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C49FB188AB93729B547ACD077E26DA90" class="Anthozoa" family="Keroeididae" genus="Keroeides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Keroeides" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Keroeides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp., polyps approximately the same height as width (approximately 1-3 mm), connected by coenenchyme visible on the outer surface of the octocoral colony. Polyps numerous, placed between smaller octocoral polyps, pale yellow in coloration, with outer surface of polyps slightly reddish in color similar to host octocoral. Tentacles relatively short, approximately half of the oral disk diameter, also pale yellow, and approximately 20 in number (Figure 16A).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<caption id="2445847B2063168D75AE93FDD76C4549" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<paragraph id="91A64CE8A618D4F88FD08FD335E8B28F" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
Figure 16. Images of
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Parazoanthidae" lsidName="" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="family">Parazoanthidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5FF8FCFAE5D09CE06EF04BAFB05BCB5D" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Zoantharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Parazoanthidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. 1 and
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Parazoanthidae" lsidName="" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="family">Parazoanthidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="902ECE9501FBDCCAD1B963C3EFA80361" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Zoantharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Parazoanthidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. 2 from specimens and photographic records in this study. A and B
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Parazoanthidae" lsidName="" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="family">Parazoanthidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3EB5337E8312042ABE39659F0C97F11C" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Zoantharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Parazoanthidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. 1 at station BER.30, north of Lighthouse 1 Reef, south of Pulau Derawan, East Kalimantan, Berau Islands, October 22, 2003. Note octocoral polyps on antipatharian on left side of image C and D
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Parazoanthidae" lsidName="" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="family">Parazoanthidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8901E0E33C3B377C44DE5A05BF26EAB8" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Zoantharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Parazoanthidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. 2 specimen RMNH Coel 40762,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Snellius–II">Snellius-II</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="EF4E6F3E6A7F41817DC66F894890B033" originalValue="Snellius–II">Snellius-II</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Expedition, Station 4.227, west Pulau Tinanja, Taka Bone Rate, depth = 60 m, collected on October 15, 1984 by rectangular dredge. Scale in C 1 cm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Specimen RMNH Coel 40766 is larger than RMNH Coel 40768 (polyp average width 2.6 mm vs 1.6 mm, respectively). However, the latter specimen is quite old (from the original Snellius Expedition) and this difference may be due to fixation methods.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2F7330493F7DB6DC54DE03AA0D38A302" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Specimen RMNH Coel 40766 is larger than RMNH Coel 40768 (polyp average width 2.6 mm vs 1.6 mm, respectively). However, the latter specimen is quite old (from the original Snellius Expedition) and this difference may be due to fixation methods.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Regions recorded in this study (Figure 17). Moluccas (14), Bo Islands (15), Berau Islands (19).</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FDB0CD16106FF190C4DFD5AECF3ED58A" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="11A5FDE294AC07F8B7C46ED034BED8A4" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="258D7AEA12BA577E3361AFBAB0079BF1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Regions recorded in this study (Figure 17). Moluccas (14), Bo Islands (15), Berau Islands (19).</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="97B5BBEAAD51A50B99F755E4F2E12A5B" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DDBDC09AA84BFAC4072EE566BEE133C3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
Figure 17. Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Parazoanthidae" lsidName="" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="family">Parazoanthidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="888C3B031594B0DD2043DB12A82C9034" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Zoantharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Parazoanthidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. 1 and
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Parazoanthidae" lsidName="" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="family">Parazoanthidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CD29A78BE2282FB58A6A16E4D9B6F9C6" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Zoantharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Parazoanthidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. 2 from specimens and photographic records from this study.
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Parazoanthidae" lsidName="" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="family">Parazoanthidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A0EC3BF65B33455A62A3FBD98F4C916A" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Zoantharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Parazoanthidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. 1 specimens in red, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Parazoanthidae" lsidName="" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="family">Parazoanthidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AEE1282B6439F8073A2E0F000E9E2478" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Zoantharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Parazoanthidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. 2 in green. Region numbers correspond to locations given in
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="species’">species'</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D5F5330A938C93A80246A2B63B84AEAD" originalValue="species’">species'</normalizedToken>
|
||||
information. Boxes indicate presence of specimens (with or without photographic records), while circles indicate only photographic records.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Previous records. NA.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="9C052DDF2106F86B72D875947362307E" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Previous records. NA.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Only two specimens and one photographic record of this undescribed species exist. However, these records are each from different expeditions, and it is reasonable to expect that this species is at least distributed in the Banda and Celebes Seas.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D4E1E00CC282A039BA89DBAAC85DCF53" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7E9771E85796EE9C9589D793A485157B" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="213558B6708B31D3AF87D4FB491512C7" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Only two specimens and one photographic record of this undescribed species exist. However, these records are each from different expeditions, and it is reasonable to expect that this species is at least distributed in the Banda and Celebes Seas.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C25C029E0F02CC18B5C997562652ED1C" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
Recently, many different genera in the family
|
||||
<taxonomicName family="Parazoanthidae" lsidName="" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" rank="family">Parazoanthidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="395847C4013FAB78D8014741353A2F33" class="Anthozoa" family="Parazoanthidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Zoantharia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Parazoanthidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have been described based on a combination of epizoitic relationships and phylogenetic analyses (e.g.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Sinniger, F" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biodiversity" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="57 - 70" title="The Parazoanthidae DNA taxonomy: description of two new genera." url="10.1007/s12526-009-0034-3" volume="40" year="2010">Sinniger et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6AD760A563C6106125862D9561A20041" author="Sinniger, F" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biodiversity" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="57 - 70" title="The Parazoanthidae DNA taxonomy: description of two new genera." url="10.1007/s12526-009-0034-3" volume="40" year="2010">Sinniger et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Sinniger, F" journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" title="Diversity of zoanthids (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia) on Hawaiian seamounts: description of the Hawaiian gold coral and additional zoanthids." url="10.1371/journal.pone.0052607" volume="8" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1CFFEC0DC6DB80B8A28AFE1137E409A6" author="Sinniger, F" journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" title="Diversity of zoanthids (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia) on Hawaiian seamounts: description of the Hawaiian gold coral and additional zoanthids." url="10.1371/journal.pone.0052607" volume="8" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). However, no parazoanthids have been reported in association with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Keroeididae" genus="Keroeides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Keroeides" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Keroeides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="78613009A88F37FD2E0304519CCCCF36" class="Anthozoa" family="Keroeididae" genus="Keroeides" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Keroeides" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Keroeides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and therefore currently it is impossible to place these specimens and records into a genus without both further examination of specimens combined with DNA sequence data.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,174 +1,174 @@
|
|||
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|
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|
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|
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<mods:location>
|
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.15.9587</mods:url>
|
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<mods:location id="F4063FFCE46353CDBA63288C040C983A">
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<mods:url id="E7342852C9C02E292AE08D88320568C0">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.15.9587</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
|
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.15.9587</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-15-1</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:classification id="9CF3AE0A9A8AEB93048310D5360F242D">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="CA5077A05A202512000B77164D8DB568" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.15.9587</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier id="3F89447F779C99EAD7264D9360745CCB" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-15-1</mods:identifier>
|
||||
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|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873143" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:38C33A185C7717E5972FFCCD21082371" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/38C33A185C7717E5972FFCCD21082371" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
||||
<treatment id="38C33A185C7717E5972FFCCD21082371" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873143" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:38C33A185C7717E5972FFCCD21082371" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/38C33A185C7717E5972FFCCD21082371" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<subSubSection id="E5C3977923BCBA9FDB742F14ACB51233" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3543D1A7EE17D66E6C8233D4F589A00A" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="70864F5A03FE258F61C8D236EF57473E" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="51A7F5044ACBEEE877549ED9141CC060" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
6.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Barge & C. L. Cripps" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallidomarginatus" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallidomarginatus">Lactarius pallidomarginatus Barge & C.L. Cripps</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1ED52CC25630DD823F09F356A13F9BC4" ID-CoL="3RS3W" authority="Barge & C. L. Cripps" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallidomarginatus" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallidomarginatus">Lactarius pallidomarginatus Barge & C.L. Cripps</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 8
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallidomarginatus" order="Russulales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallidomarginatus">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="16" pageNumber="17" start="start">Lactarius</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6DA74C2C649A068DCB0549BB957749C2" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="32D3870653F8DBC1D8AE8E52F798E783" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E40B1202E9477D480AEAE1C428F84965" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallidomarginatus" order="Russulales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallidomarginatus">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="045A59C6551A04990DA39000AB536B02" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" start="start">Lactarius</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
pallidomarginatus
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
The following morphological description is from Colorado material which includes the holotype and all are listed in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Barge, EG" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="414 - 440" title="Systematics of the ectomycorrhizal genus Lactarius in the Rocky Mountains alpine zone." url="10.3852/15-177" volume="108" year="2016">Barge et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3C65003941416B1D1DF52C7454F3F0D8" author="Barge, EG" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="414 - 440" title="Systematics of the ectomycorrhizal genus Lactarius in the Rocky Mountains alpine zone." url="10.3852/15-177" volume="108" year="2016">Barge et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="789BBD3A4AF6E4260AFD7CD44F40C71C" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="CDCD6B0B467833DB2C3BE381F579D926" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4EE948F802F8AA04CCD73696A444080E" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
|
||||
Pileus 20-50 mm in diameter, convex to broadly convex to plane with or without a depressed center, smooth, subviscid to dry, azonate, blotchy light tan to light brown, developing violet stains, lighter (to cream) toward margin; margin in
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="17" pageNumber="18" start="start">curved</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="4AFF8F660F9C3B6D30A1C3A8FF9D3E91" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" start="start">curved</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
when young, remaining so or becoming nearly straight in age. Lamellae adnate to subdecurrent, subdistant to slightly crowded, white to pale yellow-cream, staining violet where damaged. Stipe 10-40
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1A727F04CDB5FCF0F93246082E44DE7A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5-10 mm, equal to slightly clavate, smooth, dry, white to cream, staining violet where damaged, hollow. Context white to cream, staining violet where damaged. Latex scarce to undetectable, watery, white, staining tissue violet. Odor mild. Taste mild.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9B704ABAACB3BF262C269FA0A29938E5" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
Basidiospores 8-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BE45FB599200C810D42CE50E7B37D6EA" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6.5-8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="83F8E085E3D346904C0DE2AAE3CA2593" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = 1.1-1.4, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid; ornamentation forming an incomplete to dense reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 81.5-112
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6910EB30A5DD510111B0E54ACD9F7DB6" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
9-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7351F4FD241743D74F0A9F133812D854" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scarce to scattered, cylindrical to lanceolate; apex acute to moniliform. Cheilomacrocystidia 48-101.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E4D5495A5831F2977A9FBED84EAE786B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
7.5-13
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E188E996F60751534C67640F62CBA7F6" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scattered, cylindrical to lanceolate; apex acute to moniliform.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="192D0577C14A3A2E325FF85B89FF358D" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="26117691920CBEA564ED3CF496B8B416" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7747A8F63677A35E73F231C2C50AA6CC" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
Known from only a few alpine localities in the central and southern Rocky Mountains with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8DCB5142096D18F65A734511F5B0BC65" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and possibly also
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix glauca" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glauca">Salix glauca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EC98D721A575EE97F544B49E85B4C96F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix glauca" order="Malpighiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">Salix glauca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, late summer.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="8713744DA8D728D4B654DD7E7A3C039E" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6979C632DCF654821586A6CD11C22F4D" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="DAEFC64A037404888C26FB96C6F55254" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
U.S.A. WYOMING: Sublette County, Wind River Range, Union Peak, near
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix glauca" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glauca">Salix glauca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6ABAB4B74E19EBEFE3F0F662EBF7E926" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix glauca" order="Malpighiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">Salix glauca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 22 Aug 1994, ZT5229 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="E0602F6984BD50F9E620C654057E507A" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B06D40FF6300B59606ECAD73B750E7E3" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F8B42E0462F8E1E55CCC1B759E22A24C" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
|
||||
This species was recently described (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Barge, EG" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="414 - 440" title="Systematics of the ectomycorrhizal genus Lactarius in the Rocky Mountains alpine zone." url="10.3852/15-177" volume="108" year="2016">Barge et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF6F09F74E56A86EE4070A7F3E69A418" author="Barge, EG" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="414 - 440" title="Systematics of the ectomycorrhizal genus Lactarius in the Rocky Mountains alpine zone." url="10.3852/15-177" volume="108" year="2016">Barge et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) from the alpine zone in Southern Colorado with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0926694B2F769C1848E6B98D7AFE124A" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. It is tentatively included here because a collection morphologically matching the type was made by Dr Egon Horak from the Wind
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="19" start="start">River</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="54212A0549E1B831BEBCB87DD720B029" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" start="start">River</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
Range of Wyoming (technically in the southern GYE) with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix glauca" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glauca">Salix glauca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1EB56CCA79FF1F55A750F3FBB2DB7881" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix glauca" order="Malpighiales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">Salix glauca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Interestingly, out of all of the species examined thus far,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallidomarginatus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallidomarginatus">Lactarius pallidomarginatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E0314F65B5E9123B8223EE9AEC4AEA8A" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallidomarginatus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallidomarginatus">Lactarius pallidomarginatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
appears most closely related to the bright yellow, violet-staining
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="84801CD7D935B39C2495622CDF6B2CAE" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
associate
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius aspideus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aspideus">Lactarius aspideus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="17C8BAB0EE07631C540A71227FAB2794" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius aspideus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aspideus">Lactarius aspideus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Figure 2A), to which it bares little resemblance.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<paragraph id="889C10118637B96C9C7DE5228C244076" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
In the Rocky Mountains,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallidomarginatus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallidomarginatus">Lactarius pallidomarginatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="969761FEA4797D361BC682D1999972FF" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallidomarginatus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallidomarginatus">Lactarius pallidomarginatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is most easily confused with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius nanus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="nanus">Lactarius nanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3B91DDA32FC4B3A79A6D7C176C773AD5" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius nanus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="nanus">Lactarius nanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius glyciosmus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="glyciosmus">Lactarius glyciosmus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FFA8AFA1846726BF46220A756F7751B2" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius glyciosmus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="glyciosmus">Lactarius glyciosmus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius montanus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="montanus">Lactarius montanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EAD7C9105FAEA91D907CDA9050B70BC3" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius montanus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="montanus">Lactarius montanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius aff. brunneoviolaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2E9685B44B8D867D832C8325FD7F504A" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius aff. brunneoviolaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The basidiomes of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius nanus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="nanus">Lactarius nanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8EFC45E672B14EE10686724F490F774" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius nanus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="nanus">Lactarius nanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
do not stain violet where damaged and it produces basidiospores with thicker, more jagged ridges, and macrocystidia with more rounded apices (see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Barge, EG" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="414 - 440" title="Systematics of the ectomycorrhizal genus Lactarius in the Rocky Mountains alpine zone." url="10.3852/15-177" volume="108" year="2016">Barge et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7CAB43D468910F4BC9C2A35692B1C965" author="Barge, EG" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="414 - 440" title="Systematics of the ectomycorrhizal genus Lactarius in the Rocky Mountains alpine zone." url="10.3852/15-177" volume="108" year="2016">Barge et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius glyciosmus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="glyciosmus">Lactarius glyciosmus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="35D9988302DA65816CDEDB7803BC7D04" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius glyciosmus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="glyciosmus">Lactarius glyciosmus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also does not stain violet where damaged, it has an odor of coconut, slightly smaller basidiospores (7-9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BA6CE34C14E8277E9A79D71F9423B128" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5-7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D79B0BEA7F34BA1FC8486C2DB9B0E3D6" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), and smaller cheilomacrocystidia (33-66
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="273E4938D6F0D2EF5ADF92E6BF7F97DD" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5-9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9184E6E80F65A48E32149348F98EAC92" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
). The closely related violet-staining
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius montanus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="montanus">Lactarius montanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="758CB57A5EF8D813C7DF43EB0408D702" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius montanus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="montanus">Lactarius montanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
produces basidiomes which are typically much more robust and stain green on the stipe and pileus surface with KOH.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius montanus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="montanus">Lactarius montanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D0B6D6255A69250152EF6294E86F307B" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius montanus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="montanus">Lactarius montanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also has a strongly resinous odor and taste, and is mainly subalpine with conifers. See comments under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius aff. brunneoviolaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4DD590B7990002CCDE208F6DF1A0D8BC" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius aff. brunneoviolaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
for features differentiating
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallidomarginatus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallidomarginatus">Lactarius pallidomarginatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BDF5A4C8B01F81EF2838C402247C04E6" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallidomarginatus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallidomarginatus">Lactarius pallidomarginatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from that taxon. See
|
||||
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|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="471DBC1B05A2563E9AB37F53B1444B3B" author="Barge, EG" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="414 - 440" title="Systematics of the ectomycorrhizal genus Lactarius in the Rocky Mountains alpine zone." url="10.3852/15-177" volume="108" year="2016">Barge et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
for features differentiating
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallidomarginatus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallidomarginatus">Lactarius pallidomarginatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="59DB469BFC9D8BE24AF18E6856DAFA5C" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallidomarginatus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallidomarginatus">Lactarius pallidomarginatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the European taxon
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudouvidus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudouvidus">Lactarius pseudouvidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kühner">Kuehner</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7A6EBE23969E138D1A3B994A47A25F20" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudouvidus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudouvidus">Lactarius pseudouvidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DE0E3CB58D4DB1BCD8903B8ADF52EF5F" originalValue="Kühner">Kuehner</normalizedToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<caption id="1E9AD0592D6EA4929D19DDB0D344D56F" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0B9FC84D0764709A3E18F3092D3F9808" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
|
||||
Figure 8.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallidomarginatus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallidomarginatus">Lactarius pallidomarginatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ED5CA6F5A72D2E0E121AA3828D68DBF2" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallidomarginatus" order="Russulales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallidomarginatus">Lactarius pallidomarginatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Collection EB0041 under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="822941B6B1AF2A4DEF7739C46FE64912" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, San Juan Mountains, Colorado, USA. Scale bar: 2 cm. Photo by E. Barge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,208 +1,208 @@
|
|||
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
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|
||||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
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|
||||
9.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Hesler & A. H. Sm." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius caespitosus" order="Russulales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="caespitosus">Lactarius caespitosus Hesler & A.H. Sm.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F09855FCDE32E2B252AA463ECA805E2" ID-CoL="6NSL3" authority="Hesler & A. H. Sm." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius caespitosus" order="Russulales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="caespitosus">Lactarius caespitosus Hesler & A.H. Sm.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 11
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F2342F27EBBD757EAC9BA179A74FDDED" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6CDAA3C44F5502AB6E75102462D56447" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2A1AB7D1DB79EBEAF6D7D019522D61C1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
Pileus 35-100
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2E0217DD33CA461878DFF4C38AF82055" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in diameter, convex to broadly convex to nearly plane,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="5F8A2B0CC76FD8FE4AF75F5617CC4F85" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
centrally depressed, viscid to dry, smooth, more or less azonate, cream to pale
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="gray–brown">gray-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E60AF9D5A908F0C21FD19E9F1A1C153C" originalValue="gray–brown">gray-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to pale
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="vinaceous–brown">vinaceous-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8EAF0A2487B32D30DEFC01DCC7FE2110" originalValue="vinaceous–brown">vinaceous-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0CC640639812B84CA5C223A98D4F6BAD" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
discoloring ochraceous in places; margin incurved when young, becoming straight in age. Lamellae adnate to subdecurrent, crowded to subdistant, white at first, becoming pale creamy buff,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="35966AE196C6C38D4BF88159BBAC45AD" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
discoloring ochraceous to brown where damaged. Stipe 30-80
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7E7D6CFF9588210BEDA3E260A198C04B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
10-35 mm, equal to clavate, viscid to dry, smooth, white, developing ochraceous to faintly violet areas where damaged, solid, becoming hollow. Context white. Latex scarce to undetectable, white, unchanging. Odor mild. Taste acrid.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<paragraph id="15CF79274A998E30F17D913EC40F96E0" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="23" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
Basidiospores 8-12
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7530DEFFF4E19ACDEC1CF1F1DBE4B3EC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
7-9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="44D184A358FCD171700A46ACEFD74785" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = 1.2-1.4, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid; ornamentation forming a broken to partial reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 50-110
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="17674E6C20715B3132A5C4DB421ED1D3" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
8-12
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4B1924774DC1BDB15CDFCBC6BEC45193" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scattered to numerous, subcylindric to fusoid; apex rounded to acute.
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="22" pageNumber="23" start="start">Cheilomacrocystidia</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="BEAC0E14A7D364117AB1C5720DCF3DEF" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" start="start">Cheilomacrocystidia</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
40-60
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CC071F0CC3A5EA23AF81257D7B9A5460" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
8-12
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="662555D8C5D41B606387C28E411F4E2C" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scattered to abundant, clavate to mucronate; apex rounded to acute.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7790E54F9A0E5CC244115AFE6696DA21" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C2FA102906804CA4B1E833BA30635AA9" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B587BBE38774BC2D3E17EDE3CBE476C9" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||||
In mountainous areas in western North America with conifers.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3C88FF4574709A56AD96D3AA542367D3" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
report it as the common montane
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">Lactarius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="75AD716478B09775E5870672DF07661E" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">Lactarius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
of wet places in the spruce-fir zone of the Rocky Mountains during the summer and early fall. In the GYE, it occurs in wet depressions and near seeps as well as in drier upland sites in the montane spruce-fir zone, possibly always in the presence of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9483B0BDA96D9B02E7AC9A03877F115D" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, summer to fall.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="366FFA17E7CBED52A4BC05572B8DF2B7" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="CBD364DE9175776F501DCB5948BD57CC" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="29A3D40ADE539E055483626EE83F6BC2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||||
U.S.A. MONTANA: Gallatin County, Gallatin Range, East Fork Hyalite Creek, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="47C537561946CB829E93C8FEAE6085F8" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CAA73C8603BB125425149D872EE465D5" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 25 Aug 2015, EB158-15 (MONT); Gallatin County, Gallatin Range, Windy Pass Trail, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="55E64F385F8F5238C169D5885246A0FE" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus contorta" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="contorta">Pinus contorta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="060A0412424471C9BC9CC4F54006F543" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus contorta" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="contorta">Pinus contorta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 10 Aug 2013, EB102-13 (MONT); Madison County, Madison Range, Big Sky, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D642476AFC46989F98AD2213C3C08999" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D04A1803C8EC5973CB15C6F7D3ACFDE7" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus albicaulis" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="albicaulis">Pinus albicaulis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C250BAD3EFA5529647C57AA5FACCE7B0" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus albicaulis" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="albicaulis">Pinus albicaulis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 4 Sept 2004, CLC2052 (MONT); Madison County, Madison Range, Mirror Lake, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="69B96EE23569BBC3AB90A8B565D41290" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 3 Sept 2013, EB121-13 (MONT); Madison County, Tobacco Root Mountains, Branham Lakes, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="41F1E83DBD4A983B15102E9991C31B87" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 1 Sept 2014, EB0074-14 (MONT); Sweet Grass County, Crazy Mountains, Big Timber Creek, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="661A18F9B74D843BFAFDA56BDB2F3E1B" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="34BD0F507C6754C98EF3CF5B6D4A6A56" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 1 Aug 2015, EB095-15 (MONT). WYOMING: Park County, Beartooth Plateau, Beartooth Lake Campground, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A46CEFCEF6B700CB7BB80FA54F92FA8A" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7851529374F18A7A0DE71427913F9FF2" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 5 Sept 2015, EB159-15 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3BC8AA647FEE02B1619177FD15F5D26" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="61AD4092DC168BC512F50D9B740B5F79" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E255D3B9A955449272C2C747C14FD7B" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||||
The European
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Abies</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6B9D9E65C9CEEB62138462C7A2A6A561" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Abies</taxonomicName>
|
||||
associate
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius albocarneus" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="albocarneus">Lactarius albocarneus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5F14205DA5842DE62552B96118D12CE0" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius albocarneus" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="albocarneus">Lactarius albocarneus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Britzelm. appears to be closely related (Figure 2B), however, it has a lighter cream to dingy whitish pileus, and slowly yellowing latex and flesh (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="526FFE78ECC5D8D40D8B6E6D0D47AFDA" author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The western North American
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius kauffmanii" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="kauffmanii">Lactarius kauffmanii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2F311502B000474C06947D4F96998C7C" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius kauffmanii" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="kauffmanii">Lactarius kauffmanii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm. and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudomucidus" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudomucidus">Lactarius pseudomucidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="099CBC0C1FB26F79C563FCB9D328EE19" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudomucidus" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudomucidus">Lactarius pseudomucidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm. also appear to be related (Figure 2B).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius kauffmanii" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="kauffmanii">Lactarius kauffmanii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="228E7F7BB2D94E9BCC1DD4E00E34908F" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius kauffmanii" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="kauffmanii">Lactarius kauffmanii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has a dark to blackish brown pileus (although it can be lighter), smaller basidiospores (7-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7DD744B0A71E384F710252F6417B146D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6.5-8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="486CB998CF8558949CD32B6C07D88E04" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), and a vinaceous to tan stipe.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudomucidus" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudomucidus">Lactarius pseudomucidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1FBE943DB30C782103DC0C48B999C26E" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudomucidus" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudomucidus">Lactarius pseudomucidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
typically has a darker and more slimy pileus, a gray to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="gray–brown">gray-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1BD92AEF2BDD5BAE22BDDCE500854138" originalValue="gray–brown">gray-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
stipe, and smaller basidiospores (7-9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0A57D11D169088BC88CE2E56A1E4E546" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6-7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="19B72E67092E83354D6BF514670DF781" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
). Both
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius kauffmanii" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="kauffmanii">Lactarius kauffmanii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1E7143B685222A25BD730160DF848BF4" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius kauffmanii" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="kauffmanii">Lactarius kauffmanii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudomucidus" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudomucidus">Lactarius pseudomucidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AA27FB1F475A4D07B39ED4C6C375426" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudomucidus" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudomucidus">Lactarius pseudomucidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
may be confined to Douglas fir/western hemlock forests of the Pacific Northwest (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EC225F6EDF4E68147B41DE3B4B7562B1" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The western North American
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius circellatus var. borealis" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="circellatus" variety="borealis">Lactarius circellatus v. borealis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="39BE667D957431FC7479A1FAE1282C7B" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius circellatus var. borealis" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="circellatus" variety="borealis">Lactarius circellatus v. borealis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm. is also similar, however, its pileus is pruinose at first and generally darker and faintly zonate to zonate, it has a dry stipe (never viscid as in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius caespitosus" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="caespitosus">Lactarius caespitosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="79C2E82DEAA6BDC21D9BCC2160BFE218" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius caespitosus" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="caespitosus">Lactarius caespitosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and its lamellae are unstaining when cut (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D5FCEB5EB3635F16352731D6B4B4765C" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Methven, AS" journalOrPublisher="Mad River Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 79" title="The Agaricales (gilled fungi) of California. 10 Russulaceae II Lactarius" year="1997">Methven 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0505C7BE142628C2E2BF6F2A409BB640" author="Methven, AS" journalOrPublisher="Mad River Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 79" title="The Agaricales (gilled fungi) of California. 10 Russulaceae II Lactarius" year="1997">Methven 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius trivialis" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="trivialis">Lactarius trivialis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="21323518E35D4A7F40F7294F07198F92" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius trivialis" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="trivialis">Lactarius trivialis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is also similar, however it appears to be fairly distantly related (Figure 2A); it has purplish gray to vinaceous colors of the pileus at least when young and smaller basidiospores (7.3-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="AA6A61B6DC291BB81796D8BAFBC504CC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5.9-7.8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="69D0EC34947B377A72C84A4A31C54DFA" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="40BBC4BA66146BF53A6248CFBB8F4661" author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius argillaceifolius" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="argillaceifolius">Lactarius argillaceifolius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EC95C4CA98CF60752D4D63AF34B581B8" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius argillaceifolius" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="argillaceifolius">Lactarius argillaceifolius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm. and its varieties are also similar, however, all feature a more purplish gray pileus at least when young (similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius trivialis" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="trivialis">Lactarius trivialis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AA67B0F64C42A7E6709A859653D60F57" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius trivialis" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="trivialis">Lactarius trivialis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and smaller basidiospores. Variety
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius argillaceifolius var. argillaceifolius" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="argillaceifolius" variety="argillaceifolius">argillaceifolius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C0D557DDE67325257D9FFB20AF06B36D" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius argillaceifolius var. argillaceifolius" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="argillaceifolius" variety="argillaceifolius">argillaceifolius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
appears to be confined to oak forests in central and eastern North America, v.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius megacarpus var. megacarpus" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="megacarpus" variety="megacarpus">megacarpus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A45579C29FB28361680CE0BC5591E47E" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius megacarpus var. megacarpus" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="megacarpus" variety="megacarpus">megacarpus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm. to oak forests in coastal western North America, and v.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius dissimilis var. dissimilis" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="dissimilis" variety="dissimilis">dissimilis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5E7D39E1EBD60C8E1C8BC5167A99E079" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius dissimilis var. dissimilis" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="dissimilis" variety="dissimilis">dissimilis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm. is represented by only one collection from South Carolina (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4B6ADA9F353F028FAE39E42FEC6C0080" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||||
<caption id="3A82F0A4B4231308EFAB7DF26FCF7F6C" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||||
<paragraph id="EC70A56044D109D38B539D92F5A94AF7" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
|
||||
Figure 11.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius caespitosus" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="caespitosus">Lactarius caespitosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="48F4E17760CED51CD03979C004E3B48E" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius caespitosus" order="Russulales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="caespitosus">Lactarius caespitosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Top collection EB0074-14 under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B01CA0BE5A2CA191ADBED9DCE58E1568" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Tobacco Root Mountains, Montana, USA. Bottom collection EB095-15 under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E736858E6F2976188F70CF679BD22787" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11980712E8E363E010E50361AD57C929" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Crazy Mountains, Montana, USA. Scale bars: 2 cm. Photos by E. Barge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,137 +1,137 @@
|
|||
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<treatment id="570D81A8400BE476D8370058E04DB6CA" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873141" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:570D81A8400BE476D8370058E04DB6CA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/570D81A8400BE476D8370058E04DB6CA" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<subSubSection id="A80A4E2A4F8F3126C51078AA2D4E0143" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="33063470789DBF2B94A00818AE6FEC9B" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="E240A414036E5E646F09766B486EC57A" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" start="start">Taxon</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6322A0A511CE58852F0F3579AB7A123B" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="415C0AFD3C4793CF75237D6F3CE57E38" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
|
||||
10.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Pers." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius controversus" order="Russulales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="controversus">Lactarius controversus Pers.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F5A2496611612132E9805FC29703C32D" ID-CoL="3RRR6" authority="Pers." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius controversus" order="Russulales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="controversus">Lactarius controversus Pers.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 12
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="24" pageNumber="25" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A7B1B1144110931ACC3DFE13C64BAEB6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="94F42445C8E2ECEFF32CE478270F83AA" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="B92ACDD2B85ED34E98112493C089A307" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3DC4840CA966F1C61D3BCBB87BF2A2B4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
Pileus 50-120 mm in diameter,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B63176CECD3F2472F82AB0F94398B72F" originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to infundibuliform, smooth, viscid to dry, faintly zonate, zones narrow and often more conspicuous near the margin, cream to pale
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="tan–cream">tan-cream</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4EA142ADAE8C7587C9B52E2A6E6D73AE" originalValue="tan–cream">tan-cream</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, often with tan to rust brown blotches; margin incurved and faintly
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="short–tomentose">short-tomentose</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="87B924C4F64E4A869CCCC3F58C73B44E" originalValue="short–tomentose">short-tomentose</normalizedToken>
|
||||
when young, becoming glabrous and straight to undulating in age. Lamellae adnate to subdecurrent, crowded, creamy pink to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="pink–tan">pink-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="38B31C67051569EC0F751CFE09A6316C" originalValue="pink–tan">pink-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, discoloring tawny light brown where damaged. Stipe 25-50
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4C2851C0CC2E8AC709122086CC9264B6" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
17-28 mm, short, equal to tapering toward the base, subviscid to dry, smooth,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="FCF68D2FC63429323172E70A1F3ACE6C" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
scrobiculate, white, discoloring pale yellow to tawny light brown where damaged, solid, becoming hollow. Context white, discoloring tawny light brown. Latex scarce, white, unchanging. Odor faint to slightly spermatic. Taste slowly acrid.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<paragraph id="81061EDEB9E1B6FA04ED9D2F4A465A0C" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
Basidiospores 5.5-8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="97C6A2BC0AC130A88C8FA3717F2DBAFF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
4.5-5.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7163CD0F73BCEAAA8C332188B5DAD15F" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = 1.2-1.5, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid; ornamentation forming a nearly complete reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 25-50
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C057BEB3D43F95B6A893613AED732D55" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
3-7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="FC318CE6590854700FFD4FBC60279250" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scarce, cylindric to fusiform; apex acute to moniliform. Cheilomacrocystidia 25-40
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C9A33E8521801E4E8931FC127BB854D6" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
3-6
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B6C526E9E22ED9E35DA636C6FBAF161F" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scarce, cylindric to fusiform; apex rounded to acute.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="78F20234252DC0DE7D2F88984B43BFB1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DB3F45905FE5055EBF37AFF5ED331E4D" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="77672DD2F2FBBC7F4F595272E2994551" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
Widely distributed in the northern hemisphere with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Populus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6FCAEE3B932A50F16A9A30DC0AA39A9C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Populus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(aspen),
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B596CCB70380F28A4A3EC3868D6A507A" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and possibly
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FA80A5EA7562E1898E04CC1390B18B89" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In the GYE it occurs in montane areas near
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F052E654E48FE905C4BA8CE47BD851EF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, summer and fall.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="02E51D77B6324538A7C90F5842E8C6BB" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9A42F70460B45A45D15385E5FE51CB79" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="DF1C4E3586DB59BD9ADBE2E36D2AC904" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
U.S.A. IDAHO: Teton County, Teton Mountains, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E052E72156E87134A9961C4242077947" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, CLC290 (MONT). MONTANA: Carbon County, near Red
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="25" pageNumber="26" start="start">Lodge</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="3712B6EFB174DE17BC312479DE66FB60" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" start="start">Lodge</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
, along Rock Creek, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="38B79FD1314C998921898A23509B1259" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 8 Aug 2015, EB110-15 (MONT); Park County, Cinnabar Basin, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BCED3A8210EB9FB9592643DEF4985BA2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 18 July 1990, CLC106 (MONT), 2 Aug 1990, CLC116 (MONT), 11 Sept 1991, CLC262 (MONT), 13 July 1992, CLC462 (MONT); Silverbow County, Butte, East Ridge, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4BCA33500C0D8C7A60CEEA878BFD1D29" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 15 Aug 1993, CLC699 (MONT). WYOMING: Park County, along Beartooth Highway, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D17AF2138EC78EB5D712733BAB651A55" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 16 Aug 2014, EB0061-14 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius controversus" order="Russulales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="controversus">Lactarius controversus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="8C665F891D7B0446E21BAE8768BF5050" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6EB2C716CE3953770A9B4C45EEA2E8DE" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="0B3750B884315F335E27FA31DA376B5B" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A1DEC616EE2922AB1FF4E8F0AC0FCD67" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius controversus" order="Russulales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="controversus">Lactarius controversus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is fairly easily recognized by its small basidiospores, whitish pileus, pinkish lamellae, acrid taste, and association with aspen. No other species is similar in the Rocky Mountains. While morphological differences between European and GYE material were not detected, there is some molecular divergence, which could indicate separate species, although more material needs to be examined (Figure 2B).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
<caption id="FEC7619218E6AC04ED4B891649EC4B37" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
<paragraph id="EBC0662D9C144AAA46119C42E313A987" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
|
||||
Figure 12.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius controversus" order="Russulales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="controversus">Lactarius controversus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="486D9DDAA27461667C56A542EB3802C2" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius controversus" order="Russulales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="controversus">Lactarius controversus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Collection EB110-15 under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A392E76999110DD27EFB0CC1EAC98AB8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Beartooth Mountains, Montana, USA. Scale bar: 2 cm. Photo by E. Barge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,200 +1,200 @@
|
|||
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|
||||
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|
||||
<mods:namePart>Cripps, Cathy L.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="105951AB2AE99CC9BE56E70C62A2C1AE">Cripps, Cathy L.</mods:namePart>
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||||
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||||
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<mods:title id="3D60975B01ABC172DA38F570BD3E3219">MycoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
|
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|
||||
<mods:number>15</mods:number>
|
||||
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||||
<mods:date id="6C8EDBD9067D76017230C587B04DDC0A">2016</mods:date>
|
||||
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<mods:number id="8C1FE9E94B9158C469026516A6253682">15</mods:number>
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||||
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
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<mods:start id="DFD3693205BC758E5FDD37C8DD085B5C">1</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.15.9587</mods:url>
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|
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|
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873140" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5AC9AAFB861DC19D7CDAB7677902D4C4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5AC9AAFB861DC19D7CDAB7677902D4C4" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="37" pageNumber="38" start="start">Taxon</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<treatment id="5AC9AAFB861DC19D7CDAB7677902D4C4" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873140" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5AC9AAFB861DC19D7CDAB7677902D4C4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5AC9AAFB861DC19D7CDAB7677902D4C4" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" scope_genus="Lactarius">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0B1E18AC3FB8F659FE1AD3BE8FDFA21A" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A919099ED941F8A6F2E4C63A34530149" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="23BFF1F88E576B3AA9B1F05F49B03782" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" start="start">Taxon</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="99457DAB024FEFEA7E460C608750729D" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="452B3B216416E574A335FA4B848F16FC" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||||
20.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="L.) Gray (group" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus" order="Russulales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deliciosus">" Lactarius deliciosus " (L.) Gray (group)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9749CA3A98C4ABF83899F6ED117312D0" ID-CoL="3RRS8" authority="L.) Gray (group" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus" order="Russulales" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deliciosus">" Lactarius deliciosus " (L.) Gray (group)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 22
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="38" pageNumber="39" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A2355CB659302D3C88122A6AD1CB484F" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="247E4A381D4432F9FCF5E64ABD94A3CE" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="C2A6C2C1B320DE3C577B64247AFED7DD" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
<paragraph id="4181ACB0AC552E090696BC181487A5D4" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
Pileus 30-100 mm in diameter, convex to broadly infundibuliform, smooth to faintly areolate, viscid to dry,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7A2A69EAD821A04DD34F92C5AC4A5E9A" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
faintly zonate, pale cream to pale yellow to carrot orange, often with green stains especially in age; margin striate when wet, incurved when young and becoming straight. Lamellae adnate to subdecurrent, crowded to subdistant, creamy orange to carrot orange, discoloring orange to reddish and eventally green where damaged. Stipe 30-70
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F2C1B6AA5E07A4D5DBDE8989BA659F2E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5-25 mm, equal to clavate to tapering toward the base, viscid to dry, smooth, creamy orange to carrot orange with a white band toward the apex; discoloring carrot orange to dull reddish and eventually green where damaged, hollow. Context yellowish, immediately staining carrot orange to dull reddish and eventally green. Latex scarce, carrot orange, staining tissue carrot orange to dull reddish and eventually green. Odor mild. Taste mild.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6F9A0474CAF14BDB9FAC567A3664CC8E" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
Basidiospores 7.5-10.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BAD4918C0C812C35B30B6CCEC37EC552" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5.5-7.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="22DF64EAF2301AF7D238F4F9B457C5E2" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = 1.3-1.5, ellipsoid; ornamentation forming a partial reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 40-55
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3B648C5960972FE08AE908C577A28F22" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
3-6
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3129F3A6B787C42CEC1F26613FF845CC" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, very sparse, subfusiform; apex moniliform. Cheilomacrocystidia 45-60
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2D518E7E5DA708DF30521A3FB0C19732" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
4-9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="EE514A885899492D121B685FC2706BE4" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scarce to numerous, subfusiform; apex moniliform.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="41121E4067AA48EFC6E5290B7DBABECF" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E79B140801651716020AF2E447AD0FAA" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="137DD49EF30A81E742F68C149D41F9D3" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
In North America with conifers. In the GYE, members of this group occur in montane mixed lodgepole/spruce-fir forests, the spruce-fir zone, and the krummholz zone, summer to fall; there are also reports specifically with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus flexilis" order="Pinales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flexilis">Pinus flexilis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CAB789128CAD2D7236A49DFA1909A6EC" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus flexilis" order="Pinales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flexilis">Pinus flexilis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cripps, CL" editor="Keane, RE" journalOrPublisher="Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula, Montana, USA" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="28 - 30" title="Native ectomycorrhizal fungi of limber and whitebark pine: Necessary for forest sustainability?" volumeTitle="Proceedings of the high five symposium on the future of high-elevation, five-needle white pines in western North America" year="2011">Cripps and Antibus 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="19B1D3E189DB3D430A6C4FB8821E2BAB" author="Cripps, CL" editor="Keane, RE" journalOrPublisher="Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula, Montana, USA" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="28 - 30" title="Native ectomycorrhizal fungi of limber and whitebark pine: Necessary for forest sustainability?" volumeTitle="Proceedings of the high five symposium on the future of high-elevation, five-needle white pines in western North America" year="2011">Cripps and Antibus 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus albicaulis" order="Pinales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="albicaulis">Pinus albicaulis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EDE699D83B33E52C3B813B0B922C0FA8" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus albicaulis" order="Pinales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="albicaulis">Pinus albicaulis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Mohatt, KR" journalOrPublisher="Botany" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="14 - 25" title="Ectomycorrhizal fungi of whitebark pine (a tree in peril) revealed by sporocarps and molecular analysis of mycorrhizae from treeline forests in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem." url="10.1139/B07-107" volume="86" year="2008">Mohatt et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9DA873C919D6EE77B6BBA8ED36BD9A6E" author="Mohatt, KR" journalOrPublisher="Botany" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="14 - 25" title="Ectomycorrhizal fungi of whitebark pine (a tree in peril) revealed by sporocarps and molecular analysis of mycorrhizae from treeline forests in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem." url="10.1139/B07-107" volume="86" year="2008">Mohatt et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cripps, CL" editor="Keane, RE" journalOrPublisher="Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula, Montana, USA" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="28 - 30" title="Native ectomycorrhizal fungi of limber and whitebark pine: Necessary for forest sustainability?" volumeTitle="Proceedings of the high five symposium on the future of high-elevation, five-needle white pines in western North America" year="2011">Cripps and Antibus 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F2FF74EBC561DBC476AABB54453BFBC2" author="Cripps, CL" editor="Keane, RE" journalOrPublisher="Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula, Montana, USA" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="28 - 30" title="Native ectomycorrhizal fungi of limber and whitebark pine: Necessary for forest sustainability?" volumeTitle="Proceedings of the high five symposium on the future of high-elevation, five-needle white pines in western North America" year="2011">Cripps and Antibus 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), and one collection is reported here with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Arctostaphylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arctostaphylos uva-ursi" order="Ericales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uva-ursi">Arctostaphylos uva-ursi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AC7DCCD1B5E070F0074A5AA6698CF43E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Arctostaphylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arctostaphylos uva-ursi" order="Ericales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uva-ursi">Arctostaphylos uva-ursi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, well-separated from any conifers.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B297F890FF69B4CA11B0F9451BD96A30" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2C6EBBF3B130C50E5DEF8AD40E452E96" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="98498DC512CE02841A2C2AA502FAD463" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
U.S.A. MONTANA: Carbon County, Hellroaring Plateau, Hellroaring Creek, among
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Arctostaphylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arctostaphylos uva-ursi" order="Ericales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uva-ursi">Arctostaphylos uva-ursi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="60E801139943629E82D34F3E0812138D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Arctostaphylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arctostaphylos uva-ursi" order="Ericales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uva-ursi">Arctostaphylos uva-ursi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 9 Aug 2015, EB107-15 (MONT); Gallatin County, Gallatin Range, East Fork Hyalite Creek, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="789B65FE7CB792F5F682723B77B28C94" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 24 Aug 2014, EB0063-14 (MONT); Madison County, Madison Range, Taylor Creek, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2C621D0F67EBC81FE1AA1182FFCD469A" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="437CF1AF9A7C32AD8AF39F510F20A529" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus contorta" order="Pinales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="contorta">Pinus contorta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="24A98F948549BE4575D0F3CC21DD1A0A" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus contorta" order="Pinales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="contorta">Pinus contorta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 25 July 2015, EB089-15 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="380DBF73CC6FDDC98F06D084DA2A170E" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="42EED3BE3A127418C248F80993A96799" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="839394CD1F9BFE3F06F9550C31145185" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
While
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="section" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius section" order="Russulales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="section" section="Deliciosi" species="section">section Deliciosi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4F149CD23A844DC9A9AAEB8C7C50ECBC" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="section" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius section" order="Russulales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="section" section="Deliciosi">section Deliciosi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fr.:Fr.) Redeuilh, Verbeken & Walleyn has been resolved as monophyletic (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Nuytinck, J" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="820 - 832" title="Worldwide phylogeny of LactariussectionDeliciosi inferred from ITS and glyceraldehyde- 3 - phosphate dehydrogenase gene sequences." url="10.3852/mycologia.99.6.820" volume="99" year="2007">Nuytinck et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="013FCBDC83F744561B8D69278DA1ECCB" author="Nuytinck, J" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="820 - 832" title="Worldwide phylogeny of LactariussectionDeliciosi inferred from ITS and glyceraldehyde- 3 - phosphate dehydrogenase gene sequences." url="10.3852/mycologia.99.6.820" volume="99" year="2007">Nuytinck et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) (Figure 2B), the complex of species surrounding
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus" order="Russulales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deliciosus">Lactarius deliciosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EB7F409258DB9B0625FDA00764D4E73D" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus" order="Russulales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deliciosus">Lactarius deliciosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) Gray in North America is poorly resolved. Using molecular techniques,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Nuytinck, J" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="820 - 832" title="Worldwide phylogeny of LactariussectionDeliciosi inferred from ITS and glyceraldehyde- 3 - phosphate dehydrogenase gene sequences." url="10.3852/mycologia.99.6.820" volume="99" year="2007">Nuytinck et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C32F6BCA4B610DE333F9E2C21083F3AC" author="Nuytinck, J" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="820 - 832" title="Worldwide phylogeny of LactariussectionDeliciosi inferred from ITS and glyceraldehyde- 3 - phosphate dehydrogenase gene sequences." url="10.3852/mycologia.99.6.820" volume="99" year="2007">Nuytinck et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
showed that
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus" order="Russulales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deliciosus">Lactarius deliciosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="19FB4B5A69F66C53883AF8441AEBFEA2" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus" order="Russulales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deliciosus">Lactarius deliciosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deterrimus" order="Russulales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deterrimus">Lactarius deterrimus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gröger">Groeger</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FCE3C0D82994120F87F80F842A2A91FC" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deterrimus" order="Russulales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deterrimus">Lactarius deterrimus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F5380D218C341270B62F95BC1191C600" originalValue="Gröger">Groeger</normalizedToken>
|
||||
likely do not occur in North America. The collections of the North American varieties of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus" order="Russulales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deliciosus">Lactarius deliciosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B65D11921E60D52B1B2F98832C9CD98C" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus" order="Russulales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deliciosus">Lactarius deliciosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
described by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7F0D941ABA20328EB3EBD22F0FEB96B9" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
that they analyzed formed a clade separate from the European
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus" order="Russulales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deliciosus">Lactarius deliciosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E828AA769899F01D4DE8D7CD0D0E69AE" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus" order="Russulales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deliciosus">Lactarius deliciosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deterrimus" order="Russulales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deterrimus">Lactarius deterrimus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2009595D8D92F8A9F4F056EFF33F1D45" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deterrimus" order="Russulales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deterrimus">Lactarius deterrimus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, but were poorly resolved, with the exception of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus var. areolatus" order="Russulales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="deliciosus" variety="areolatus">Lactarius deliciosus v. areolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="786629003B986C414BD7C77057CE4E8A" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus var. areolatus" order="Russulales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="deliciosus" variety="areolatus">Lactarius deliciosus v. areolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
A.H. Smith, which formed a monophyletic group. For descriptions of North American members of this group see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C40323DDB6F98BAE1035B243577A6EF1" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith (1979)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Methven, AS" journalOrPublisher="Mad River Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 79" title="The Agaricales (gilled fungi) of California. 10 Russulaceae II Lactarius" year="1997">Methven (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="65440EC3D05AE7F2BCA079F9E8C0B836" author="Methven, AS" journalOrPublisher="Mad River Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 79" title="The Agaricales (gilled fungi) of California. 10 Russulaceae II Lactarius" year="1997">Methven (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus" order="Russulales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deliciosus">Lactarius deliciosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="116AF590328E8839C57D74D2584FC2F7" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1401020D6505A72CBA7D6B5B847C7F82" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus" order="Russulales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deliciosus">Lactarius deliciosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and all of its North American varieties, as well as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deterrimus" order="Russulales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deterrimus">Lactarius deterrimus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9DFF7ED7AB08D64292BDDC8269B5EA94" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deterrimus" order="Russulales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deterrimus">Lactarius deterrimus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have been previously reported from the GYE (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="McKnight, KH" journalOrPublisher="Grand Teton Library and Museum Association" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 21" title="Checklist of mushrooms and other fungi of Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks" year="1982">McKnight 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6C89559ADC7C000368147A16A91F3F45" author="McKnight, KH" journalOrPublisher="Grand Teton Library and Museum Association" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 21" title="Checklist of mushrooms and other fungi of Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks" year="1982">McKnight 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Mohatt, KR" journalOrPublisher="Botany" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="14 - 25" title="Ectomycorrhizal fungi of whitebark pine (a tree in peril) revealed by sporocarps and molecular analysis of mycorrhizae from treeline forests in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem." url="10.1139/B07-107" volume="86" year="2008">Mohatt et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="00829760E2462128FAB1DDC79C2D64DD" author="Mohatt, KR" journalOrPublisher="Botany" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="14 - 25" title="Ectomycorrhizal fungi of whitebark pine (a tree in peril) revealed by sporocarps and molecular analysis of mycorrhizae from treeline forests in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem." url="10.1139/B07-107" volume="86" year="2008">Mohatt et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cripps, CL" journalOrPublisher="Heritage and Research Center, Yellowstone National Park, USA" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 114" title="Fungi in Yellowstone National Park: a technical report consisting of two volumes" year="2011">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="39" pageNumber="40" start="start">Cripps</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="ED4E80212324EA17F2F9EC38213A71A4" author="Cripps, CL" journalOrPublisher="Heritage and Research Center, Yellowstone National Park, USA" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 114" title="Fungi in Yellowstone National Park: a technical report consisting of two volumes" year="2011">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="4ED71AFE9BE071E372F075A0769C02DE" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" start="start">Cripps</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
2011
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cripps, CL" editor="Keane, RE" journalOrPublisher="Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula, Montana, USA" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="28 - 30" title="Native ectomycorrhizal fungi of limber and whitebark pine: Necessary for forest sustainability?" volumeTitle="Proceedings of the high five symposium on the future of high-elevation, five-needle white pines in western North America" year="2011">Cripps and Antibus 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8D23A3B5F121F0DCDCA916204862379D" author="Cripps, CL" editor="Keane, RE" journalOrPublisher="Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula, Montana, USA" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="28 - 30" title="Native ectomycorrhizal fungi of limber and whitebark pine: Necessary for forest sustainability?" volumeTitle="Proceedings of the high five symposium on the future of high-elevation, five-needle white pines in western North America" year="2011">Cripps and Antibus 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Specimens from the GYE included in the phylogenetic analysis in the present study fall in the poorly resolved North American "
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus" order="Russulales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deliciosus">Lactarius deliciosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="975C49663B8C83B0133D8984B6EFDA7B" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus" order="Russulales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deliciosus">Lactarius deliciosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
" group including "
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus var. deterrimus" order="Russulales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="deliciosus" variety="deterrimus">Lactarius deliciosus v. deterrimus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A6F3AEC31B6B51C3EAF51CF8072BBDAB" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus var. deterrimus" order="Russulales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="deliciosus" variety="deterrimus">Lactarius deliciosus v. deterrimus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
" (
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gröger">Groeger</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="523116129DE11CB6AAEFCF6C72008A51" originalValue="Gröger">Groeger</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) Hesler & A.H.
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="40" pageNumber="41" start="start">Sm</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="54ED4EE4935DE450C2E31F5AC8D43FD8" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" start="start">Sm</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
. and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus var. olivaceosordidus" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="deliciosus" variety="olivaceosordidus">Lactarius deliciosus v. olivaceosordidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C2FAC13728FA62C9E7A7BE9A2E254961" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus var. olivaceosordidus" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="deliciosus" variety="olivaceosordidus">Lactarius deliciosus v. olivaceosordidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm. (Figure 2B). Previous reports of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius thyinos" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="thyinos">Lactarius thyinos</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="84E24B900D8E8B679B7BB9CA77A8EB0B" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius thyinos" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="thyinos">Lactarius thyinos</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the GYE (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="McKnight, KH" journalOrPublisher="Grand Teton Library and Museum Association" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 21" title="Checklist of mushrooms and other fungi of Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks" year="1982">McKnight 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="54843CCA45610B650D56F6089D91208E" author="McKnight, KH" journalOrPublisher="Grand Teton Library and Museum Association" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 21" title="Checklist of mushrooms and other fungi of Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks" year="1982">McKnight 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), a northeastern North American member of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="sect." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius sect" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="section" section="Deliciosi" species="sect">sect. Deliciosi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2E556C402AC1F0E63CBE37EA32ACD947" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="sect." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius sect" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="section" section="Deliciosi">sect. Deliciosi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
that occurs in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Cupressaceae" genus="Thuja" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thuja" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Thuja</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="54AB32CBF4359C928B43875F492AB2E4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Tamaricaceae" genus="Thuja" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thuja" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Thuja</taxonomicName>
|
||||
bogs may refer to the "
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deliciosus">Lactarius deliciosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DD9ED3B1DA8797089B9B14DEED5E73D2" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deliciosus">Lactarius deliciosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
" group described here. Overall, this group is in need of revision.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
<caption id="96CCAA5DDF11BED1B29C7AF57E97CBFD" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1706AD1E1DA2C9E3796C5A856B95F28C" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
Figure 22. "
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deliciosus">Lactarius deliciosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F00D2EE87A0E75F72C39A06E69886985" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deliciosus">Lactarius deliciosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
" group. Top collection EB107-15 among
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Arctostaphylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arctostaphylos uva-ursi" order="Ericales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uva-ursi">Arctostaphylos uva-ursi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D3E60A1ACC3C30F3334E4ED108C00A33" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Arctostaphylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arctostaphylos uva-ursi" order="Ericales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uva-ursi">Arctostaphylos uva-ursi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Hellroaring Plateau, Montana, USA. Bottom collection EB089-15 under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A1BBA815B8A00185CB784DDC8DE79931" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus contorta" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="contorta">Pinus contorta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7E3861873B688B4FAC8C2443AAB42FAA" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus contorta" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="contorta">Pinus contorta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="35E139F0D76F672909F9A53657DCC1CC" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Madison Range, Montana, USA. Scale bars: 2 cm. Photos by E. Barge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,209 +1,209 @@
|
|||
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873139" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5D95BB9506703B4D461A379ECA2A617F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5D95BB9506703B4D461A379ECA2A617F" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
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<treatment id="5D95BB9506703B4D461A379ECA2A617F" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873139" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5D95BB9506703B4D461A379ECA2A617F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5D95BB9506703B4D461A379ECA2A617F" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<paragraph id="807A9461FAD56F587178FE311EAB05AF" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5F5B4B0CDF1CA137A8A239C40874E2A2" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="nomenclature">
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||||
<paragraph id="0FC23D493A7C8D31035F98C15BC41502" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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||||
23.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Hesler & A. H. Sm." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="luculentus" variety="laetus">Lactarius luculentus v. laetus Hesler & A.H. Sm.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6625120CFD0C90B725599B6CC7BEEEB3" ID-CoL="5PMJW" authority="Hesler & A. H. Sm." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="luculentus" variety="laetus">Lactarius luculentus v. laetus Hesler & A.H. Sm.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 25
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5EC49248D5C8DD6D308D20E5E2586471" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C95CCDDA7871E512CD8537EC67EF7572" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="34644F5C90B1310F8D6115CA2FC81E81" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
Pileus 30-50 mm in diameter, broadly convex to broadly infundibuliform,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="703EA4EEC03E4C3ABDCD8FA6553B45D9" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
umbonate, smooth, viscid when wet but soon dry,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="yellow–orange">yellow-orange</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4AD03E8007F01BAED424C1AE2E9A776A" originalValue="yellow–orange">yellow-orange</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to dull orange to brilliant orange to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="881A4BF080E3B868F6808FB81D16A221" originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
; margin straight when young to wavy in age. Lamellae adnate to decurrent, crowded to subdistant, cream to pale
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="yellow–orange">yellow-orange</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="EABA81BCABB138D168DCA3642FF84D81" originalValue="yellow–orange">yellow-orange</normalizedToken>
|
||||
. Stipe 20-60
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="10D01C6265E0799400AC32FEBB65631F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5-10 mm, equal to slightly clavate to tapering toward the base, smooth, subviscid to dry, lighter than to concolorous with the pileus, typically getting lighter toward the apex, sometimes with scattered small scrobicules present, solid, becoming hollow. Context cream to pale yellow. Latex scarce, white, unchanging. Odor mild. Taste mild to slightly bitter.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C14092F3B9C9837D89C189DEE1E82143" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
Basidiospores 7-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6A62209ADFE033629F9FA420A9D4B4C5" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5.5-8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D055ABFA1FED9CB545B841A8FAF1DFBA" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = 1.2-1.5, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid; ornamentation forming a very broken reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 60-98
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="5669430F9D14E09F23C3008CBCA58908" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
8-12
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="34D13BD9CD5FAF1F0D7B13382C97E36D" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scattered to numerous, strongly projecting, subfusiform to fusiform; apex acute. Cheilomacrocystidia none observed, possibly absent.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">In western North America with conifers. In the GYE it occurs in the montane spruce-fir zone, summer.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5EC3A14506AA2EDC856D8134BE4969D7" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="430DDF3CA62B416DF2AB91B9EA08F33D" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E18989F430856BF86415042FBC7CE1BE" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">In western North America with conifers. In the GYE it occurs in the montane spruce-fir zone, summer.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="89EF53E49B2D6905351571C3A910383C" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1D65D8351000E98E76E84A6CA2FCCD7C" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="86B1D95624BE4C216F3AD8EB17CC6666" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
U.S.A. MONTANA: Sweet Grass County, Crazy Mountains, Big Timber Creek, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E2807FB72FE1A3773559998CDDBD1A34" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D40BC0BFC1A6DEF4DCFB275F23D854D6" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 1 Aug 2015, EB097-15 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="235CE0CA532EA1D4E3842685B1516E26" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DC2C17417B40AC91AB6A52C8B48E9E85" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="83A33556B07D9273C732C72D367DFAE4" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
This is the first report of this taxon from the GYE under the name
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="luculentus" variety="laetus">Lactarius luculentus v. laetus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8BA85E531308051A6693E5F45C861153" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="luculentus" variety="laetus">Lactarius luculentus v. laetus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Previous reports of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius aurantiacus" order="Russulales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">Lactarius aurantiacus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="709BDDF105D1BBB0FC84DDCEA3D8E286" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius aurantiacus" order="Russulales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">Lactarius aurantiacus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Pers.) Gray from subalpine areas in the GYE (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="McKnight, KH" journalOrPublisher="Grand Teton Library and Museum Association" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 21" title="Checklist of mushrooms and other fungi of Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks" year="1982">McKnight 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B0B6EA0CC954047B35EE4417EBE3F639" author="McKnight, KH" journalOrPublisher="Grand Teton Library and Museum Association" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 21" title="Checklist of mushrooms and other fungi of Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks" year="1982">McKnight 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) may refer to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="luculentus" variety="laetus">Lactarius luculentus v. laetus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7ACED1BE6099BAA58EF7719E6D5267ED" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="luculentus" variety="laetus">Lactarius luculentus v. laetus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F1574F40C4BA715FAF86087E70698A73" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
Variety
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius laetus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="laetus" variety="laetus">laetus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="61705EF23518A94F30BF1E6A04920DFA" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius laetus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="laetus" variety="laetus">laetus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is distinguished from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius laetus var. luculentus" order="Russulales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="laetus" variety="luculentus">var. luculentus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7DF1E24FCEE2C3A35B58A5C47A609F93" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius laetus var. luculentus" order="Russulales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="laetus" variety="luculentus">var. luculentus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by a brighter orange pileus as opposed to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="72E1884D8E8BDB14C47F92EDF688BCBF" originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and a mild to slightly bitter taste as opposed to slightly acrid (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B4B635930D95CB4CB5E4BEF0D2A223D1" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). At the molecular level, there is some divergence within
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus" order="Russulales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="luculentus">Lactarius luculentus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A7E29367E8CF17E853E20AACED712148" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus" order="Russulales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="luculentus">Lactarius luculentus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Figure 2C, see also
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Barge, EG" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="414 - 440" title="Systematics of the ectomycorrhizal genus Lactarius in the Rocky Mountains alpine zone." url="10.3852/15-177" volume="108" year="2016">Barge et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7A2409A5F6348867BFCCB04FD174D83A" author="Barge, EG" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="414 - 440" title="Systematics of the ectomycorrhizal genus Lactarius in the Rocky Mountains alpine zone." url="10.3852/15-177" volume="108" year="2016">Barge et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and there may be more than one species hiding under the name, although more specimens need to be examined and sequenced before making any nomenclatural changes.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="luculentus" variety="laetus">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="44" pageNumber="45" start="start">Lactarius</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B6F94BCA981298905AA598222E905ADB" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5343E31FDEEADE14BCC6949C8DA74094" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="luculentus" variety="laetus">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="0EA3A4154EDA600740CA62038E9B11AA" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" start="start">Lactarius</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
luculentus v. laetus
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is very closely related to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius aurantiacus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">Lactarius aurantiacus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="460CA13658975A5CDF98AFDD5AE1966D" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius aurantiacus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">Lactarius aurantiacus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lanceolatus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">Lactarius lanceolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1662CFA900411A61B14E1B6279C733A8" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lanceolatus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">Lactarius lanceolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Figure 2C) and morphological differences between them are subtle.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lanceolatus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">Lactarius lanceolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2E09C75BED83D27A447F5CF0F7F98D19" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lanceolatus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">Lactarius lanceolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
appears to have longer and more numerous cheilomacrocystidia (35.5-89
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BB1197A28A676CD236CA1FAAB82A9B8B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6D22FEF03AED97A325872D7DEC8A5E73" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), longer pleuromacrocystidia (73.5-127
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="5981E316B0949BB0B2FEE24D368830ED" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6.5-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="08BEC11A33BE57576480D5B153B8F452" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), as well as an alpine ecology with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6FF10274E549D604717EC8C45012DC3B" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius aurantiacus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">Lactarius aurantiacus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D51F96C3B97CB963C6772908B3A14C38" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius aurantiacus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">Lactarius aurantiacus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also appears to have slightly longer pleuromacrocystidia (68.6-119.4
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B50385351BD384D1111F3F3EFCC7C8CD" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
7.6-12.7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8890EEDC3B5914E1B56911D0FACC5341" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), and, while it occupies similar habitats to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="luculentus" variety="laetus">Lactarius luculentus v. laetus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F5B5736AEB94CA98720F110D3888386" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="luculentus" variety="laetus">Lactarius luculentus v. laetus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, it may be absent from western North America outside of Alaska (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Barge, EG" journalOrPublisher="Montana State University, USA" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" title="Systematics of Lactarius in the Rocky Mountain alpine zone" year="2015">Barge 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F310668EDD3C68A564AF50471042AD6F" author="Barge, EG" journalOrPublisher="Montana State University, USA" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" title="Systematics of Lactarius in the Rocky Mountain alpine zone" year="2015">Barge 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
<paragraph id="BBF2AA6503AB7C5BFF06E3156F0F051A" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
The closely related
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7069465F6D92500E5BD9301EC2C1C24B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
associate
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lapponicus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lapponicus">Lactarius lapponicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FB9DDD42BD60260E97B69261E7F5241A" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lapponicus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lapponicus">Lactarius lapponicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Harmaja (syn.:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius duplicatus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="duplicatus">Lactarius duplicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B6D095C8DA88119BC39586E059BC7FFB" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius duplicatus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="duplicatus">Lactarius duplicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
A.H. Sm.) (Figure 2C) has yellowing latex as opposed to white, unchanging latex, and appears to have a more boreal to arctic distribution (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="50B64D4A8CBA02411B0AAD115599BA34" author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
); it has not been reported from the Rocky Mountains. The closely related
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius substriatus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="substriatus">Lactarius substriatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="07A1436403E708260E21D45600C85920" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius substriatus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="substriatus">Lactarius substriatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
A.H. Sm. and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subflammeus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subflammeus">Lactarius subflammeus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A0AEBE99338D28F9DF8DD7243509C927" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subflammeus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subflammeus">Lactarius subflammeus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm. (Figure 2C) have slightly smaller basidiospores (6.5-9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A135C1C9610F2678AC2583D0F1A84036" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6-8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="58CE44066E091B65CC0884875F5C83C1" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 7.5-9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="52B688F880C649FBEA719E5D5064D670" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6.5-7.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CE4B0966B54CCBBB4326C62B4914EF2F" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
respectively), a slightly acrid taste, and are scarlet when young (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A2A8FB03BD4DD4B24CBD728EA3B8FCF8" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The latex of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius substriatus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="substriatus">Lactarius substriatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11AF0E70B6160CD5BB8CFA75F18DCBDA" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius substriatus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="substriatus">Lactarius substriatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also slowly stains pale yellow. Phylogenetic analyses suggest
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius substriatus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="substriatus">Lactarius substriatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="769ABC4B9F36C2A85498E823BCF50A9C" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius substriatus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="substriatus">Lactarius substriatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subflammeus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subflammeus">Lactarius subflammeus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="779FD5586F2DEDFCDA5EF71CE9CF1AD5" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subflammeus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subflammeus">Lactarius subflammeus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are conspecific, and that yellowing latex is a variable feature within the combined species, although more specimens should be sequenced before making this determination final. Neither of these taxa have been reported from the GYE and their distribution seems to be centered along the Pacific Northwest coast. The morphologically similar
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subviscidus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subviscidus">Lactarius subviscidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F11D5697090E0AF3225BB34BA93B827E" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subviscidus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subviscidus">Lactarius subviscidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, also centered along the Pacific Northwest coast, typically has smaller and more fragile basidiomes, a slightly acrid taste and unchanging latex which stains white paper yellow (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C2B1511233C37F29311C1CDC998DAE68" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). In the Rocky Mountains,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="luculentus" variety="laetus">Lactarius luculentus v. laetus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="21CB8D7A705F9A337465C0CF3803659F" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="luculentus" variety="laetus">Lactarius luculentus v. laetus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">Lactarius badiosanguineus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CB020AA72B3227F62DFF62F2075102E6" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">Lactarius badiosanguineus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
occur in the same habitat and can easily be confused. However, the latter has slightly smaller basidiospores (7-9.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BE5F0888FA44E90245079784E3EDFA3B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6-8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="25B9460B7B11A1AE43D27DFAA4FCCD03" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) and typically has a more
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="red–brown">red-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="14FC17A0835AC8E96FC1B18F93FF377E" originalValue="red–brown">red-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
pileus which is often darker toward the center and lighter toward the margin.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
<caption id="4BE7A5160E9EA10A3EEE0B569788B85F" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7919B082502CABFF7BC5CFB5513C6B93" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
Figure 25.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="luculentus" variety="laetus">Lactarius luculentus v. laetus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="27E1B04F780FE1E0AAA5766A6912896F" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="luculentus" variety="laetus">Lactarius luculentus v. laetus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Collection EB097-15 under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="17ED1402CDE745BC46A5F9288816DA40" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="83102C2B831995F8F07309513997FBC2" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Crazy Mountains, Montana, USA. Scale bar: 2 cm. Photo by E. Barge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,201 +1,201 @@
|
|||
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<paragraph pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="18903D5283997019E823CAA01400ABA5" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||||
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|
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||||
24.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="O. K. Mill. & Laursen" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lanceolatus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">Lactarius lanceolatus O.K. Mill. & Laursen</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="98B24E88434DE44915A2E994B2D1EC9C" ID-CoL="3RRXP" authority="O. K. Mill. & Laursen" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lanceolatus" order="Russulales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">Lactarius lanceolatus O.K. Mill. & Laursen</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 26
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lanceolatus" order="Russulales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">
|
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<pageBreakToken pageId="45" pageNumber="46" start="start">Lactarius</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="45DB17D42197030DE5A4496DAADFBF27" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="reference_group">
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||||
<paragraph id="C772CA41556913AEE8C4D479443F08E6" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BA3ECB26B5FBB7C6268E6755423F4D86" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lanceolatus" order="Russulales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="099F7BDBA85B35D9356481F5A33AAB12" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" start="start">Lactarius</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
lanceolatus
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
The following description is based on
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Barge, EG" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="414 - 440" title="Systematics of the ectomycorrhizal genus Lactarius in the Rocky Mountains alpine zone." url="10.3852/15-177" volume="108" year="2016">Barge et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1C3F235D5E6CD2EEC1739BD834001E61" author="Barge, EG" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="414 - 440" title="Systematics of the ectomycorrhizal genus Lactarius in the Rocky Mountains alpine zone." url="10.3852/15-177" volume="108" year="2016">Barge et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
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|
||||
<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="576BF7C6C20F671F9DE35D5593955CDB" lastPageId="46" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1379B35E6D546413242B4C7F75251A3C" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E505F60CB078F25E5D6C60E22837F6CA" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
|
||||
Pileus 10-45 mm in diameter, convex to
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="008EC8D85A6DD69060A80D7ABA4A3B7A" originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
at first, becoming plane to infundibuliform, with or without a small papilla, smooth, sometimes faintly scaly toward the center, viscid to dry, azonate, deep
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C2E630829CF7793A6CA0BB57A0B5D00E" originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to deep orange when immature becoming light to deep orange, often blotchy; margin incurved to straight when immature, becoming straight to upturned and often slightly wavy when mature,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3F12B0E1DFC792303D305C826F5D0CB2" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
slightly crenulate. Lamellae adnate to subdecurrent, slightly crowded, pale cream to pale yellow to pale orange, discoloring brownish orange in age or where damaged. Stipe 10-20
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="968F5BCC2D17EBDE3AD14C1A353D8955" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2.5-7.5 mm, equal to clavate, smooth, dry, at first covered by faint whitish pubescence, pale orange, discoloring dingy orange to dingy light brown where damaged, hollow. Context pale orange. Latex scarce to undetectable, watery, white, unchanging. Odor mild. Taste mild.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="46" pageNumber="47" start="start">Basidiospores</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<paragraph id="33C0D162E94BE7E4D058A327EA774311" pageId="46" pageNumber="47">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="AF097431994E3846A4B2BAA3716737E4" pageId="46" pageNumber="47" start="start">Basidiospores</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
8-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="02AD29D97CFE8EEF68A38D5210EEA916" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6-8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="5CC83E18219BDD9B2812E48FD4994961" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = 1.1-1.4, broadly ellipsoid; ornamentation forming a broken reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 73.5-127
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="39C8451CA860FB54ADAAE2AC7904BBDA" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6.5-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="314BDE78B7F41F61B5EFC5701317EE3F" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scattered to abundant, strongly projecting, fusiform to lanceolate; apex acute to moniliform. Cheilomacrocystidia 35.5-89
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B14FB8E273F33F9ABE58D87A7B320F4E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D819A55D4D203C26B68D7F9A2DAE9BCB" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, sparse to abundant, strongly projecting, conical to fusiform; apex acute to moniliform.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="47" pageNumber="48" start="start">Ecology</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="53931F4C8A2E8DB6E65C369478DE7155" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6F2A18883D8D0F4AF506E81B335A519C" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="4F7C90E5251E99BE6D65E1DEB93030F4" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" start="start">Ecology</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
and distribution.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8905B2F2601FEFAE1906F267D3807F70" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
Widespread in arctic-alpine areas in the northern hemisphere with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="03054E65FB18A63FB1AEAE35C00E3DB9" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In the GYE, it occurs above tree line in alpine areas with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="46B8A4035C8DC1B147B369B0DABF7CB5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix arctica" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arctica">Salix arctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BD73FD666A219B7962F07825A68ADB39" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix arctica" order="Malpighiales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arctica">Salix arctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1C725DA189D873034CBF17E84205E6A7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, late summer.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="4F733CB5D320E3D4C541F22A662B7534" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="EE7D0B8EE9D10F09FFD83B8E846C9081" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="17D04644C17B4DB9ADCF3B341417BCA3" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
U.S.A. MONTANA: Carbon County, Beartooth Plateau, Highline Trail, among dwarf and shrubby
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9AB6C301BD2F848F7FCA0F67F0189D68" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp., 1 Aug 1997, ZT6214 (MONT); among
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DE835ABC689D5408B1466266B00904C5" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp. 7 Aug 1998, ZT6412 (MONT); among
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="897C063591E60386370D76373D52A0D9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 20 Aug 1999, CLC1389 (MONT); 5 Aug 2008, CLC2358 (MONT); 27 July 1997, CLC1139 (MONT); Carbon County, Hellroaring Plateau, Hellroaring Creek, among
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dryas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryas octopetala" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="octopetala">Dryas octopetala</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E31C98357581592275AF0A0DE2EE1C9A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Dryas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dryas octopetala" order="Rosales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octopetala">Dryas octopetala</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and shrubby
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="26D4EC53DE875B28807FBDF125AD6285" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp., 8 Aug 2015, EB104-15 (MONT); among
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dryas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryas octopetala" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="octopetala">Dryas octopetala</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6391CF08ECAD75AC6D5A437E89F92D64" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Dryas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dryas octopetala" order="Rosales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octopetala">Dryas octopetala</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, shrubby
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3406FE40112D41FFB0F06DEB618DE590" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp. and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BF8A6E64F999221672D5278173CE6991" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 8 Aug 2015, EB105-15 (MONT); among
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula glandulosa" order="Fagales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulosa">Betula glandulosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FBB026C588C9F5B8BDCFFA10A367921D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula glandulosa" order="Fagales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulosa">Betula glandulosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and shrubby
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B70F1160E08D85D09445C87B2E086DAB" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp., 9 Aug 2015, EB103-15 (MONT). WYOMING: Park County, Beartooth Plateau, Solifluction Terraces, among
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="61116EE2600F2CF3BCD0ECCFA34D6DEB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 20 July 2001, CLC1578 (MONT); 13 Aug 2007, CLC2319 (MONT); among
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix arctica" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arctica">Salix arctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3D0F6B71D7C43E3A0DE52932D03CC3CC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix arctica" order="Malpighiales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arctica">Salix arctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="988E208458C243497AB57BE19E051EC7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="63B38885A368CAC33287813D52BC7A97" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 17 Aug 2013, EB 105-13 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lanceolatus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">Lactarius lanceolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3DC340293AB03A6EB8F0E39ABB00762A" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0EABAD1BAC337392B66279B5530536B9" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6CAE588F8004E251CD9D12B226C11E73" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="64814FBBD6E2DD295A4CE9DA95AD6DCD" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lanceolatus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">Lactarius lanceolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is closely related to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius aurantiacus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">Lactarius aurantiacus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3883947A487DFE3F5FAD149AC2437927" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius aurantiacus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">Lactarius aurantiacus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="luculentus">Lactarius luculentus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="856E110CEA50C904113DF0ED30FEE404" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="luculentus">Lactarius luculentus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="luculentus" variety="laetus">Lactarius luculentus v. laetus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FD35AC0201CAE3CCD61687B6D3A6F8FE" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="luculentus" variety="laetus">Lactarius luculentus v. laetus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Figure 2C). It can be distinguished from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="luculentus">Lactarius luculentus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="73CC3CEBE097BCE8304CE9550F54D338" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="luculentus">Lactarius luculentus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
/
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="luculentus" variety="laetus">Lactarius luculentus v. laetus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EF1B1F86A7D8AF0634AF290618E59D7C" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="luculentus" variety="laetus">Lactarius luculentus v. laetus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in having longer cheilomacrocystidia and an alpine ecology with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="16C1CA8889A9156ADE6CFA9FEB5AFB58" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, whereas the latter occur with conifers. Currently, we are unaware of any solid morphological differences between
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lanceolatus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">Lactarius lanceolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6BD72B5206138E47C8063A269474F9C4" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lanceolatus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">Lactarius lanceolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius aurantiacus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">Lactarius aurantiacus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FE3E05BC392382E3759CCE0D8273310C" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius aurantiacus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aurantiacus">Lactarius aurantiacus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lapponicus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lapponicus">Lactarius lapponicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="561DACA8E4390CEB97CDBFF5B4FA9A1D" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lapponicus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lapponicus">Lactarius lapponicus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(syn.:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius duplicatus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="duplicatus">Lactarius duplicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A415903F4B57AA7BABB1CA559162762B" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius duplicatus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="duplicatus">Lactarius duplicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), which occurs in boreal and arctic-alpine areas in the Northern Hemisphere with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="93F4D3C9DA0DA80D443DB66A706FDA37" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and possibly other hosts, is also closely related, yet it features strongly yellowing latex (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="AC8357045B0FFA0171F5FFF1B6B0DBF3" author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Other similar orange taxa in western North America such as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius substriatus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="substriatus">Lactarius substriatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9E725A073AD41DB8499E0A521F1FDCF3" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius substriatus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="substriatus">Lactarius substriatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subflammeus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subflammeus">Lactarius subflammeus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D2EC8C8CF197C4C03B1240B79536D383" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subflammeus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subflammeus">Lactarius subflammeus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subviscidus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subviscidus">Lactarius subviscidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="88026536D8739C7BC22AF11D207E7414" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subviscidus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subviscidus">Lactarius subviscidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
all occur below tree line with conifers, and their distributions seem to be centered along the Pacific Northwest coast (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A24080BA1DA9958A26848FB083B4F53C" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). See comments under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">Lactarius badiosanguineus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F456C090CF06C5134F70E0949A58F548" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">Lactarius badiosanguineus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
for features differentiating
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lanceolatus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">Lactarius lanceolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B824AA57DD9EBD6E53CEBF442AFC513A" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lanceolatus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">Lactarius lanceolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from that species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<caption id="3CE156B374353BCCF1F4EA95A7833058" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
<paragraph id="AA02F894A55A83B3C3C271AE4A05AD8C" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
|
||||
Figure 26.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lanceolatus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">Lactarius lanceolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9B30CD6672DD8B3CF931854180191B31" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lanceolatus" order="Russulales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">Lactarius lanceolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Top collection EB103-15 under shrubby
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2E139D3ABAA920ECCFCED2AC37E66E96" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp. and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula glandulosa" order="Fagales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulosa">Betula glandulosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A6C962F87225539BA03435ACCBE2F4A3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula glandulosa" order="Fagales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulosa">Betula glandulosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Hellroaring Plateau, Montana, USA. Bottom collection EB105-13 among
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix arctica" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arctica">Salix arctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="81E99309B8CFF902CA8232EB80D8693F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix arctica" order="Malpighiales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arctica">Salix arctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F3079A2C476FAC0D2BB7540A3F3B5D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2230B28B04D83B81BD2FFCFEC51BA8C7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Beartooth Plateau, Wyoming, USA. Scale bars: 2 cm. Photos by E. Barge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,186 +1,186 @@
|
|||
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873136" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:75EC5003EC8D641D953EA62B2C55A361" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/75EC5003EC8D641D953EA62B2C55A361" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
||||
<treatment id="75EC5003EC8D641D953EA62B2C55A361" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873136" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:75EC5003EC8D641D953EA62B2C55A361" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/75EC5003EC8D641D953EA62B2C55A361" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<paragraph id="FA397ECE37E6648B664CB12A95E29AA4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D1015D69E224FC34C1340B16A8877897" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
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|
||||
16.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Kytoev." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius tuomikoskii" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="tuomikoskii">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C695837250FD52B361F73A3B6157BF61" ID-CoL="3RSC7" authority="Kytoev." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius tuomikoskii" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="tuomikoskii">
|
||||
Lactarius aff. tuomikoskii
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kytöv">Kytoev</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2F697D3C5BE696F5CC938BB5AB7C1265" originalValue="Kytöv">Kytoev</normalizedToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 18
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="32" pageNumber="33" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B867AD3ED3BF5E2C2E08D70E7DC220E1" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D2B5EAC2D65290427D9C29E3C6A9962B" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="9D07CA4139E661B133692515740D9A36" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D4091CF174EB2A4208248D21256CD334" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||||
Pileus to 80 mm in diameter, broadly convex with a depressed center, glutinous when wet, with matted fibrils beneath the gluten especially near the margin, azonate, pale
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="yellow–cream">yellow-cream</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B14D709B150270A1D6538D2271DD86E6" originalValue="yellow–cream">yellow-cream</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="yellow–tan">yellow-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="78E2184AD04640DDE0AE708DB5462090" originalValue="yellow–tan">yellow-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, discoloring brown in places; margin densely bearded, incurved at least when young. Lamellae subdecurrent, crowded, cream to pale
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="yellow–cream">yellow-cream</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="AD7F8FE7D874FD627CF5E83877835E98" originalValue="yellow–cream">yellow-cream</normalizedToken>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8E1AE5594905F97345D5F15DE6F12DF5" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
discoloring yellow and eventually rusty brown where damaged. Stipe 30
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1C611EDC42D0D8C689538C3A56AB73DF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
20 mm, tapering toward the base, smooth, dry, white to pale
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="yellow–tan">yellow-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F8E02A4CCF034AE1B261CFD2DB8C7B48" originalValue="yellow–tan">yellow-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, with small, faint, dull
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="yellow–tan">yellow-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DD466A9EAD6693E47F05AE636B02EA3E" originalValue="yellow–tan">yellow-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
scrobicules, hollow. Context white,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="61ADD88D8B0327D35018FF8C98BA2451" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
slowly discoloring pale yellow to faintly tan where damaged. Latex scarce, white, becoming very pale yellow, and slowly staining damaged tissue pale yellow. Odor sweet. Taste acrid.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="33" pageNumber="34" start="start">Basidiospores</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<paragraph id="EAD19C30874DF64A97247AB080356290" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="39366E7B229A82BC302A0A0A8801F90D" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" start="start">Basidiospores</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
7-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="589ABF98E4477C9FEA6CDFE62688EC58" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5.5-7.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2361CC81F4239D75C1B122C01C47878D" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = 1.2-1.5, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid; ornamentation forming a broken to nearly complete reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 50-100
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="5BE3A06FADDDCE77F49818EF19969717" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
7-12
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="27C5B5C67454D4F7989D160C3DB4D8A8" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, abundant, strongly projecting, fusiform to lanceolate; apex acute to moniliform. Cheilomacrocystidia absent.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B4441699697F92A2E1B50738A4907EE8" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DDB5C1F8C395E31708F12BDE72A734DD" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D7902B41828442A8F434C3C7BCBC732F" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
In montane, rich, moist habitats with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C8CC861E557A91336513CD2538756B97" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, late summer.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="ECCE68BB772036C05DAC54F11C93108D" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E7CAA604B01AD2816ACE5E4F52292DFF" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7BE4C4891E16C0F9D75456298E15458B" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
U.S.A. MONTANA: Park County, Silver Gate, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1213BE9BC2841645924C73C2E916E642" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 13 Aug 2014, EB0052-14 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3D283882E93C99899AE27956B01477A0" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7597055BE96F2D268EBBE8E042B5B994" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F4820908356C70885AA9C6457D9FED0E" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
This species, along with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alnicola">Lactarius alnicola</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="016CE8966D4DF614C0AF1D15D8734A25" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alnicola">Lactarius alnicola</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius olivinus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="olivinus">Lactarius aff. olivinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kytöv">Kytoev</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EC1F7D2B1E4AB96C37EAA3B2F58C73D5" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius olivinus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="olivinus">Lactarius aff. olivinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="49AA77BE9F8E5CF5717EDD75153F2572" originalValue="Kytöv">Kytoev</normalizedToken>
|
||||
. described below, fall in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subsection" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subsection" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="subsection" species="subsection" subsection="Scrobiculati">subsection Scrobiculati</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="550964D5E568FAF34388363B74B73128" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subsection" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subsection" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="subsection" subsection="Scrobiculati">subsection Scrobiculati</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as recognized by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Kytoevuori, I" journalOrPublisher="Karstenia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="41 - 72" title="LactariussubsectionScrobiculati in NW Europe." volume="24" year="1984">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kytövuori">Kytoevuori</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5A78BDD547222B826EF7381143FCFD37" author="Kytoevuori, I" journalOrPublisher="Karstenia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="41 - 72" title="LactariussubsectionScrobiculati in NW Europe." volume="24" year="1984">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4F4FC4C5A82A87B4C85C3B57CB959040" originalValue="Kytövuori">Kytoevuori</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1984)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. Morphologically, it is quite close to the European
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius tuomikoskii" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="tuomikoskii">Lactarius tuomikoskii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kytöv">Kytoev</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="81BCAA8AEBB924565A4D30036C1AFE5E" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius tuomikoskii" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="tuomikoskii">Lactarius tuomikoskii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8E7036FAD6EB7C33DA7E751E9F194AE9" originalValue="Kytöv">Kytoev</normalizedToken>
|
||||
. It is also very close to some interpretations of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius scrobiculatus var. canadensis" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="scrobiculatus" variety="canadensis">Lactarius scrobiculatus v. canadensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CAD805E1D2C8C233D12CAE92B982418E" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius scrobiculatus var. canadensis" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="scrobiculatus" variety="canadensis">Lactarius scrobiculatus v. canadensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
A.H. Sm., and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius gossypinus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="gossypinus">Lactarius gossypinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="88C22A6B5CEF7B5C94D2056603345D56" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius gossypinus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="gossypinus">Lactarius gossypinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm., except it has larger basidiospores and pleuromacrocystidia.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius payettensis" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="payettensis">Lactarius payettensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3CEC004A701D19BD57FBC45BD87867D2" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius payettensis" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="payettensis">Lactarius payettensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
A.H. Sm. is also similar, but differs by having a more robust, heavily scrobiculate stipe and apparently unchanging latex (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="DDC6E526C36B5D5A7A3722A41D3F4CA7" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Both
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius gossypinus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="gossypinus">Lactarius gossypinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D7ECF2A377050FCB56A0B59DE196BE33" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius gossypinus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="gossypinus">Lactarius gossypinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius payettensis" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="payettensis">Lactarius payettensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="45485AD5CC892C324B2EF11F73F351A1" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius payettensis" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="payettensis">Lactarius payettensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have been previously reported from the GYE (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="McKnight, KH" journalOrPublisher="Grand Teton Library and Museum Association" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 21" title="Checklist of mushrooms and other fungi of Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks" year="1982">McKnight 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C1EFF655827E8FF82C05728E2F0907AA" author="McKnight, KH" journalOrPublisher="Grand Teton Library and Museum Association" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 21" title="Checklist of mushrooms and other fungi of Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks" year="1982">McKnight 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), however neither were examined for this treatment. Overall, the complex of species surrounding
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius scrobiculatus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="scrobiculatus">Lactarius scrobiculatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="28DE700658C1BA0E0C482572F02AD12F" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius scrobiculatus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="scrobiculatus">Lactarius scrobiculatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in North America, which includes
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alnicola">Lactarius alnicola</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0E3C0973E8E7D040F30DD3F954CEBD95" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alnicola">Lactarius alnicola</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius gossypinus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="gossypinus">Lactarius gossypinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="157FA007223F855915CD4D730FF89311" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius gossypinus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="gossypinus">Lactarius gossypinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius payettensis" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="payettensis">Lactarius payettensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5FD4E84F6531B5D0B6B537CCA39083A0" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius payettensis" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="payettensis">Lactarius payettensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius scrobiculatus var. canadensis" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="scrobiculatus" variety="canadensis">Lactarius scrobiculatus v. canadensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B4CD5CF696BFA35AAA9A59E9FE602103" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius scrobiculatus var. canadensis" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="scrobiculatus" variety="canadensis">Lactarius scrobiculatus v. canadensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius scrobiculatus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="scrobiculatus">Lactarius scrobiculatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C103096C8AABEAF4912CF68CF54032D7" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius scrobiculatus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="scrobiculatus">Lactarius scrobiculatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
v.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius montanus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="montanus">montanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AFB8CC383E5ACE107EE8644023F30A93" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius montanus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="montanus">montanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Methven, and the two taxa described here (
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius tuomikoskii" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="tuomikoskii">Lactarius aff. tuomikoskii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="25D0383DB09E13F54B6025B32138C53B" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius tuomikoskii" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="tuomikoskii">Lactarius aff. tuomikoskii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius olivinus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="olivinus">Lactarius aff. olivinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BABBF166A64E698DEA76CA7E98C8789A" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius olivinus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="olivinus">Lactarius aff. olivinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) appears to be in need of revision, especially in relation to European taxa such as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius auriolla" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="auriolla">Lactarius auriolla</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kytöv">Kytoev</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D4A85920A8FD5CAFEADC9DD0AD45AC38" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius auriolla" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="auriolla">Lactarius auriolla</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6B7E6D9668BBA5F88723D39E0E580136" originalValue="Kytöv">Kytoev</normalizedToken>
|
||||
.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius leonis" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="leonis">Lactarius leonis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kytöv">Kytoev</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="83B72EEE28A75DB9B196E5E85F2D9312" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius leonis" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="leonis">Lactarius leonis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2F05B776BEE79FAB9A529A182A4D1D9E" originalValue="Kytöv">Kytoev</normalizedToken>
|
||||
.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius olivinus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="olivinus">Lactarius olivinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="98589B798BC393AD5429A2A7F1230CA3" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius olivinus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="olivinus">Lactarius olivinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius scrobiculatus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="scrobiculatus">Lactarius scrobiculatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="09FC9A1204C62F52F2C23B156579BB99" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius scrobiculatus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="scrobiculatus">Lactarius scrobiculatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius tuomikoskii" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="tuomikoskii">Lactarius tuomikoskii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B0A9ADBD9B974E56AC1310589CA1AE5F" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius tuomikoskii" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="tuomikoskii">Lactarius tuomikoskii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Kytoevuori, I" journalOrPublisher="Karstenia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="41 - 72" title="LactariussubsectionScrobiculati in NW Europe." volume="24" year="1984">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kytövuori">Kytoevuori</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="30E03AF8E4BE21CC1E482CC6156321C5" author="Kytoevuori, I" journalOrPublisher="Karstenia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="41 - 72" title="LactariussubsectionScrobiculati in NW Europe." volume="24" year="1984">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="492EABD64AA63B28B446FDE93A71E5EF" originalValue="Kytövuori">Kytoevuori</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1984
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
<caption id="305F1141AF4E2DA9D37895F02A279F96" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8C7C2C013002DB6D29E63CF3FA5BE1C9" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
Figure 18.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius tuomikoskii" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="tuomikoskii">Lactarius aff. tuomikoskii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DC60E19E88D281F5077E6198CFBE8778" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius tuomikoskii" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="tuomikoskii">Lactarius aff. tuomikoskii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Top and bottom collection EB0052-14 under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6E02819C9CF924D3435AE06DBB368769" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Silver Gate, Montana, USA. Scale bars: 2 cm. Photos by E. Barge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,137 +1,137 @@
|
|||
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873137" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:84795F374D41958B10BA3B965B52FCE2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/84795F374D41958B10BA3B965B52FCE2" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="36" pageNumber="37" start="start">Taxon</pageBreakToken>
|
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<treatment id="84795F374D41958B10BA3B965B52FCE2" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873137" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:84795F374D41958B10BA3B965B52FCE2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/84795F374D41958B10BA3B965B52FCE2" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
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<subSubSection id="83E65907D199B1633C92EC793FBC4BDB" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="multiple">
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|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="458FFFA4A3D07A3171572BAA639880D6" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" start="start">Taxon</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="23A37D4F319849236F27727EB57E4E9B" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="51B80FD8A3211B836EB4D83C6B9C38D0" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
19.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Hesler & A. H. Sm." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius rubrilacteus" order="Russulales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rubrilacteus">Lactarius rubrilacteus Hesler & A.H. Sm.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D3D19C5887622F156074400E0E0FEFA1" ID-CoL="3RS7J" authority="Hesler & A. H. Sm." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius rubrilacteus" order="Russulales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rubrilacteus">Lactarius rubrilacteus Hesler & A.H. Sm.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 21
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9B75D3A35D41AF78224D9C7161C0BC7E" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="BB9C4BCB9EE96DD9D2EF51CB8942757B" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="EFA38BA96EE803929CA786BCB186C7D7" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
Pileus 45-90 mm in diameter, shallowly
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="FD976A0D19427C9E15A8E211911EA086" originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to broadly infundibuliform, smooth, viscid, zonate, light brown to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–cream">orange-cream</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="82A33433F0C8E73628B3827542E2444F" originalValue="orange–cream">orange-cream</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="yellow–orange">yellow-orange</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="11AC325C89A3E9F01BAFB724B4E756C4" originalValue="yellow–orange">yellow-orange</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="5E1FB44A0E5FBCC4CCC501F1E96318D2" originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to carrot to dingy orange, often with green stains; margin incurved when young becoming straight. Lamellae adnate to subdecurrent, crowded to subdistant, cream to pinkish cinnamon to dull pink, discoloring wine red and eventually green where damaged. Stipe 20-40
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1E9AF30BD473BD8F444D225FA6AC5291" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
10-25 mm, equal to tapering toward the base, dry, smooth, at first with a light glaucous coating,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="AC2A9EAF77675215C785CB27E1BD1F49" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
scrobiculate, cream to dull pink to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–cream">orange-cream</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="104912077D52C09FEE0EB44B9E10BD6B" originalValue="orange–cream">orange-cream</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, discoloring wine red and eventually green where damaged, solid, becoming hollow. Context white, immediately staining deep
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="wine–red">wine-red</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B3C1444AA0F3DFEBBACCDF7A7C1A9AE1" originalValue="wine–red">wine-red</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to burgundy. Latex scarce, wine red, staining tissue
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="wine–red">wine-red</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="21F059DD9D2129ED794842103CDC7A4C" originalValue="wine–red">wine-red</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to burgundy and eventually green. Odor mild. Taste mild.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3B047AA1F6A33C35DA9B039F675E885D" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
Basidiospores 7.5-9.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F3893A9F18AD58CE467E3150DC7C4529" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5-7.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="872314D36996D2D3925596AAD3CA6DCE" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = 1.3-1.5, ellipsoid; ornamentation forming a partial reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 40-80
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B62F461D03EDFB2D2166D000309A2EC2" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
4-6
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B4A70F6DFD1D9AC7E733BAFD77E49FC6" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, sparse, fusoid; apex acute. Cheilomacrocystidia 30-65
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E5A1B55636F6372C80DDAE00DA218599" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6-9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="03719401996232254610F0B6DE4C0AD4" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scattered, fusoid; apex acute.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="69CFFD8961F2D93E2A28DEB83094BA86" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5D1099CD729ADB95893B5C61E5EAAC90" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8E5C77D5281E6B7DFA3D60DED7F68C8D" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
In western North America with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pseudotsuga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudotsuga menziesii" order="Pinales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menziesii">Pseudotsuga menziesii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B75BF98F38E0E4013A9048E81BCE9B60" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pseudotsuga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudotsuga menziesii" order="Pinales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menziesii">Pseudotsuga menziesii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus" order="Pinales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4828CB140E810D3F46BB37C321E06E07" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus" order="Pinales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In the GYE this species occurs in foothills to low montane areas, near
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pseudotsuga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudotsuga menziesii" order="Pinales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menziesii">Pseudotsuga menziesii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="471EF9E58DA717C53992EB05E215C81A" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pseudotsuga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudotsuga menziesii" order="Pinales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menziesii">Pseudotsuga menziesii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, spring and early summer.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D20DAA383FCD31345E82F218A2C7B43A" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="ED89E7C1D960C09ABD3E2C9A4E556FA2" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="794E0601417EDB062056B6C301BA85F7" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
U.S.A. MONTANA: Gallatin County, Bridger Range, Fairy Lake Road, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pseudotsuga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudotsuga menziesii" order="Pinales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menziesii">Pseudotsuga menziesii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E80F40A9E5F56331314348AEEBF51128" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pseudotsuga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudotsuga menziesii" order="Pinales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menziesii">Pseudotsuga menziesii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 25 June 2013, EB13-040 (MONT); Park County, Absaroka Mountains, George Lake Trailhead, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pseudotsuga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudotsuga menziesii" order="Pinales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menziesii">Pseudotsuga menziesii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3F129B038092B8F27B722B0DC7FED410" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pseudotsuga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudotsuga menziesii" order="Pinales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menziesii">Pseudotsuga menziesii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 27 June 2014, EB900-14 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="1F5989C4D0FE52D5F0AD2BE2E6370202" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="33EDD31BC64CB9DE5A00F48CC8632EEE" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C70A2C7580E978A1A36FA20ED9BC09EC" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
The European
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius sanguifluus" order="Russulales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="sanguifluus">Lactarius sanguifluus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E07DC6631787F517C8231354E16F2654" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius sanguifluus" order="Russulales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="sanguifluus">Lactarius sanguifluus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Paulet) Fr. is morphologically similar, however, its lamellae are typically more violet tinged and its stipe is often scrobiculate. Western North American members of the "
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus" order="Russulales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deliciosus">Lactarius deliciosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="184F6EAB2EB7D8D5D2A351ADD63981DC" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus" order="Russulales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deliciosus">Lactarius deliciosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
" group can appear similar, however, their latex does not start out red as in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius rubrilacteus" order="Russulales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rubrilacteus">Lactarius rubrilacteus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6AC20C25E2C73671DC18EC9307DC49F9" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius rubrilacteus" order="Russulales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rubrilacteus">Lactarius rubrilacteus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The western North American
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius barrowsii" order="Russulales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="barrowsii">Lactarius barrowsii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="29B86E9FA44B403E677D0DDA93018E73" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius barrowsii" order="Russulales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="barrowsii">Lactarius barrowsii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also has reddish latex, however, it features a whitish to straw colored pileus and ochraceous to pinkish orange lamellae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<caption id="33D0E0BFF515848814409AEB6D0B9D2B" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D856A647F5998546252C235E2975BBB8" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
Figure 21.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius rubrilacteus" order="Russulales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rubrilacteus">Lactarius rubrilacteus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1EDA6F8874495E69B55EE7734D0616EB" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius rubrilacteus" order="Russulales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rubrilacteus">Lactarius rubrilacteus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Collection EB13-040 under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pseudotsuga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudotsuga menziesii" order="Pinales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menziesii">Pseudotsuga menziesii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0765D964DF518F78B95F24E185F2DC81" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pseudotsuga" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pseudotsuga menziesii" order="Pinales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="menziesii">Pseudotsuga menziesii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Bridger Range, Montana, USA. Scale bar: 2 cm. Photo by E. Barge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,175 +1,175 @@
|
|||
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="72037662A3EE9C843EACFD2DB0BEEAB1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
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|
||||
5.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Kuehner" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius salicis-reticulatae" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="salicis-reticulatae">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="27EFCEA2BBE62C87C05B4F2FEF08142A" ID-CoL="3RS88" authority="Kuehner" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius salicis-reticulatae" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="salicis-reticulatae">
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||||
Lactarius salicis-reticulatae
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kühner">Kuehner</normalizedToken>
|
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<normalizedToken id="DB527A251B05D9D383D2B65946AE2527" originalValue="Kühner">Kuehner</normalizedToken>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 7
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius salicis-reticulatae" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="salicis-reticulatae">Lactarius salicis-reticulatae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
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||||
<paragraph id="E14A1650F1433739FBEA219D597B69CE" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="49245281F4F9403812DF39941DA0D6C6" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius salicis-reticulatae" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="salicis-reticulatae">Lactarius salicis-reticulatae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
The following morphological description is based on
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Barge, EG" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="414 - 440" title="Systematics of the ectomycorrhizal genus Lactarius in the Rocky Mountains alpine zone." url="10.3852/15-177" volume="108" year="2016">Barge et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="6BAAEF4BD237D4BDEE141AC0BB292683" author="Barge, EG" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="414 - 440" title="Systematics of the ectomycorrhizal genus Lactarius in the Rocky Mountains alpine zone." url="10.3852/15-177" volume="108" year="2016">Barge et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
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|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
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<paragraph id="BFA04824C8D8A45838E9CF3EA0BE7BFB" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
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|
||||
Pileus 20-40 mm in diameter, convex to broadly convex, usually with a depressed center, smooth, viscid to dry, azonate, cream, pale yellow, or pale ocher, sometimes darker toward the center, staining violet where damaged; margin incurved, remaining so or becoming merely downturned in age. Lamellae adnate to subdecurrent, subdistant to distant, cream, pale yellow, or pale orange-ocher often with a pinkish-buff tint, staining violet where damaged. Stipe 15-20
|
||||
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||||
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10-15 mm, equal to clavate, viscid to dry, cream to pale-yellow, staining violet where damaged, hollow. Context white, staining violet where damaged. Latex scarce to undetectable, watery, white, becoming violet. Odor mild to slightly sweet. Taste mild.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
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|
||||
Basidiospores (7
|
||||
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Basidiospores (7
|
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|
||||
11.5
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|
||||
(7
|
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(7
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||||
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|
||||
10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = (1
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–)1.1–">-)1.1-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="FFC164D00354DBFCEDE46D1D4E6903B6" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = (1
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="5DBC933DA055AE5EF068AB5F51D951CC" originalValue="–)1.1–">-)1.1-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1.4, subglobose to ellipsoid; ornamentation forming an incomplete reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 76-101.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="30EB8753DF5E82B552DAAAB05EB149F1" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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||||
7.5-11.5
|
||||
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|
||||
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, scarce, strongly projecting, subfusiform to fusiform; apex rounded to acute to moniliform. Cheilomacrocystidia 68.5-91.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="AC62A86F5D92DB6C5975AC5087A04F60" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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7.5-10.5
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="887FAE2DAC8D2EA74BB39B9C7C18D04C" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scattered to abundant, strongly projecting, subfusiform to fusiform; apex acute to rounded to moniliform.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="364E9E8658CED7D1A102613A8F9C3F32" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="88D93ED04F54E0D10BC0F4814D2FF6CB" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="AAAF792C827E599089781F68D8C6C5B6" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
Widespread in arctic-alpine areas in the Northern Hemisphere with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1CAFEDADBFB974360577AE12329DD546" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In the GYE, it occurs in alpine areas with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix arctica" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arctica">Salix arctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F525C541FD4B8348D5123CFEEAED9A8F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix arctica" order="Malpighiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arctica">Salix arctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="93700E4BDA8002C7BDAF3F552326D5E3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, as well as shrubby
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7C2D6282A9813DAE200D0B6E8832EC9A" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp., sometimes also intermixed with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dryas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryas octopetala" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="octopetala">Dryas octopetala</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="46F134CFF1FE0CDEBD55EA84A5C60918" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Dryas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dryas octopetala" order="Rosales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octopetala">Dryas octopetala</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, late summer.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C6CFFF5A19FC7A4E0D9C3A64A47430F3" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="EFAF109224147B8F0BA6DE929A116B0B" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="849D79533E9414FE6EAA45DB3A2830D0" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
U.S.A. MONTANA: Carbon County, Beartooth Plateau, Birch Site, among
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D4A8C462E839D8993F3A784ED04525CD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 17 Aug 2011, CLC2776 (MONT); Carbon County, Beartooth Plateau, Highline Trail, among dwarf
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7095DF8D917F985654E5A2DB16654632" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp., 8 Aug 1998, CLC1211 (MONT); Carbon County, Hellroaring Plateau, Hellroaring Creek, under shrubby
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DA83493644499CC9FFD2FD5C7B4E7E2E" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp., 8 Aug 2015, EB112-15 (MONT); among shrubby
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="756473E8B3CC5ED1C89866F86560B6E4" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1E88A9FA19BA3A2696E6F6CB7E6223BF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 8 Aug 2015, EB113-15 (MONT); among
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dryas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryas octopetala" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="octopetala">Dryas octopetala</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AC1AA734C97B36B1DF82576CCB881827" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Dryas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dryas octopetala" order="Rosales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="octopetala">Dryas octopetala</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, shrubby
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="82F1271932ED3FD9DB916AE18917B9A9" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="20FA0E503131F4E06A43F0576E6C7965" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 8 Aug 2015, EB117-15 (MONT), EB118-15 (MONT), EB119-15 (MONT); Sweet Grass County, Crazy Mountains, above Blue and Granite Lakes, among
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix arctica" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arctica">Salix arctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B40E2BBBE417BEE273EB032D99C59920" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix arctica" order="Malpighiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arctica">Salix arctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 1 Aug 2015, EB101-15 (MONT). WYOMING: Park County, Beartooth Plateau, Gardner Lake, under shrubby
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F0395F0CB2A89071AE1D00D17F664A7F" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp., 16 Aug 2014, EB0057-14 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius aspideoides" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aspideoides">Lactarius aspideoides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2C3DA23FB7B987D15D303F2ABAA209E9" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="96BD9D7478E8B1F070ED2C03D59EEDCA" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7ED070688DFE4F0FC76A54F9EC4B8D4F" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6B935D64228A223926C1E155A093CDCC" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius aspideoides" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aspideoides">Lactarius aspideoides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Burl., described from eastern North America is closely related (Figure 2A), however, it is generally larger, with a somewhat zonate pileus. It also has more crowded lamellae that lack salmon-colored hues, slightly smaller basidiospores (7-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–8–">-8-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CEE38D5F8D1D7E9F8998FFF7349CB02F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
7
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="924641FAABA2303F2B117CE87AD029D2" originalValue="–8–">-8-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
µm) with broader ridges, a bitter to slightly acrid taste, and a subalpine ecology (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D605E3DC08C170268314DE744FF5F47E" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The status of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius aspideoides" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aspideoides">Lactarius aspideoides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D5C27393E83B6307FC37257F62F279D6" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius aspideoides" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aspideoides">Lactarius aspideoides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in western North America is unclear.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius aspideus" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aspideus">Lactarius aspideus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7E6CAC5C2D976E59F8F4118A21898202" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius aspideus" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aspideus">Lactarius aspideus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, another similar species which was described from northern Europe with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C226DC7EA902614E0AF680E378FB3104" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, has smaller basidiospores (6.7-9.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6EEFEC67CBE621669E6A616D6744E933" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5.6-7.8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B0266A6E414D06520BC725D826C83E2A" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) with denser reticulation, more crowded, creamier colored lamellae, and a habitat mainly in subalpine areas (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2BE53AF47829F02AEDC01310AB240A74" author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The presence of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius aspideus" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aspideus">Lactarius aspideus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BF057C3CAA38FDF7D8CF2B3FC461164D" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius aspideus" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aspideus">Lactarius aspideus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in North America is unclear.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius salicis-herbaceae" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="salicis-herbaceae">Lactarius salicis-herbaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kühner">Kuehner</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11170C9B0B0C880B668B5C64FA4B46C8" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius salicis-herbaceae" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="salicis-herbaceae">Lactarius salicis-herbaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C2AB1F8166375C5BD97205DE166614CF" originalValue="Kühner">Kuehner</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, a closely related (Figure 2A) arctic-alpine
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0B75D03D5A88AF2ADD5657CCF26310CD" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
associate, which has not been reported from the Rocky Mountains, has darker yellow to yellow-brown sporocarps, pale cream to grayish buff lamellae, and more densely reticulate basidiospores (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EB026ED3BCFFEC0090DB44F36F44F4CE" author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<caption id="0F365548913EC77ABB981BE0A6BCF4EB" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D260EC06ADA237DEC6A962EFB8C2EE2D" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
Figure 7.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius salicis-reticulatae" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="salicis-reticulatae">Lactarius salicis-reticulatae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="000F1CC9A15B65DFF03867B21EE0A821" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius salicis-reticulatae" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="salicis-reticulatae">Lactarius salicis-reticulatae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Collection EB0057-14 under shrubby
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E1CF1BC5052399993DFAE7205F7BE1CE" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp., Beartooth Plateau, Wyoming, USA. Scale bar: 2 cm. Photo by E. Barge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,170 +1,170 @@
|
|||
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|
||||
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|
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<mods:title>New reports, phylogenetic analysis, and a key to Lactarius Pers. in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem informed by molecular data</mods:title>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873135" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:98C919C1AA0C5F93D2F4C20D70B31917" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/98C919C1AA0C5F93D2F4C20D70B31917" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
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<treatment id="98C919C1AA0C5F93D2F4C20D70B31917" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873135" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:98C919C1AA0C5F93D2F4C20D70B31917" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/98C919C1AA0C5F93D2F4C20D70B31917" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<paragraph id="A8CA10387C53F449C92EEA6C0E7935FA" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<subSubSection id="9FA5554012671706970397ABC9AF1207" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="6DACB25E86C39E0CF93B98205C3935D0" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
2.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="J. Favre" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius nanus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="nanus">Lactarius nanus J. Favre</taxonomicName>
|
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<taxonomicName id="B42EF4D56D639F33EBCF8A1A9B38C6B8" ID-CoL="3RS2D" authority="J. Favre" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius nanus" order="Russulales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="nanus">Lactarius nanus J. Favre</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 4
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius nanus" order="Russulales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="nanus">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="11" start="start">Lactarius</pageBreakToken>
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<subSubSection id="FB190C50EF6C3E4BC58A66B2391F2F49" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="94E6A3C22A0179C066DAD1B7CF837B32" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F666BB498D8E3D92FD1CD5CC6AED5E1B" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius nanus" order="Russulales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="nanus">
|
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<pageBreakToken id="57CA3BBF169D2BB1F906A9EB05807536" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" start="start">Lactarius</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
nanus
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
The following morphological description includes data from Colorado specimens listed in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Barge, EG" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="414 - 440" title="Systematics of the ectomycorrhizal genus Lactarius in the Rocky Mountains alpine zone." url="10.3852/15-177" volume="108" year="2016">Barge et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6251B35875B30282B8AF9B9C1369E256" author="Barge, EG" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="414 - 440" title="Systematics of the ectomycorrhizal genus Lactarius in the Rocky Mountains alpine zone." url="10.3852/15-177" volume="108" year="2016">Barge et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F9FC0EC439301A0C5684DF1238BF3677" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="description">
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||||
<paragraph id="0D90174F0B89BB51E289ED29194634F6" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C1F4B18F73626FCA3CC0CB21D97357E7" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
Pileus 10-50 mm in diameter, shallowly convex to plano-convex becoming plane to infundibuliform,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="283A2883A87A3BA716B0405DBCD43798" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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||||
papillate, smooth, slightly viscid to dry, with whitish glaucous coating when immature, easily rubbing away or fading in age, deep brown to gray-brown to liver brown with lighter and darker areas present, often lighter toward margin, becoming lighter overall upon desiccation; margin straight when young becoming upturned and wavy to convoluted in age. Lamellae adnate to subdecurrent, subdistant, cream when immature becoming dingy cream to light tan in age, sometimes with a faint pinkish tinge, discoloring to dingy tan where damaged. Stipe 5-30
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0E452DB33493DD53DA075C9246B84104" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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||||
3-15 mm, equal to clavate, central, smooth, dry, at first covered with whitish glaucous coating as in pileus, pale apricot to dingy cream-tan, hollow. Context dingy cream to brownish. Latex scarce to undetectable, watery, white, unchanging. Odor mild. Taste mild to slightly acrid.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
Basidiospores 7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–10.5(–">-10.5(-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<paragraph id="159B7DFC8411EF04194CA367449FD9BF" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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||||
Basidiospores 7
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3C4A4624424E955B8DF07A4306AA1C2C" originalValue="–10.5(–">-10.5(-</normalizedToken>
|
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12)
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="628F70CB16D5F8A3E4CD8AC38A841737" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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5-8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = 1.1-1.6, subglobose to ellipsoid; ornamentation forming an incomplete reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 53
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–96.5(–">-96.5(-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1B4C466345B78D2C06C4E8F061DA3782" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = 1.1-1.6, subglobose to ellipsoid; ornamentation forming an incomplete reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 53
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="529D2EDBBE76C10F33920F06F6D46D09" originalValue="–96.5(–">-96.5(-</normalizedToken>
|
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114)
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="14E3730E1B1D23E038DAE0D34BC04347" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6.5-11.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="18B03724CBD0F6E451846851E27A695F" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scattered to abundant, lanceolate; apex acute to moniliform. Cheilo
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="11" pageNumber="12" start="start">macrocystidia</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="E04E7B3201F340B4E51D6FCEFAE12505" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" start="start">macrocystidia</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
26-91.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E9428280F55557A4FFBBDA01EEEDA8AA" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
7.5-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C159C3491BA88BB21B605AD16EC83707" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scattered to abundant, subulate to linear; apex acute to rounded.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9000FD648112D3467634EB800FBED2F3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0FC4B00ABB1E8BD7947D21A6F6B3DE14" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="85C596BC99C014AFA8382DBADA89EDD1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
Widespread in arctic-alpine areas in the Northern Hemisphere with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D5634249B239EF221AFA0299BC83DFEE" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In the GYE and elsewhere in the Rocky Mountains it occurs above tree line in alpine areas with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix arctica" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arctica">Salix arctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5202810466CEFD129AA0C8450A2844EA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix arctica" order="Malpighiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arctica">Salix arctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="16CC90CC1705CF337440D131C203FFAC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="364897FC711766D26B7064EA0DFBC7D0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, late summer.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="CB9AA82854722352CAAFDC632E7F4CD3" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="45785C7C772D1BB56BAE4379158AB50C" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="54CEF2DC531DA41A786B62865469C99B" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
U.S.A. MONTANA: Carbon County, Beartooth Plateau, Highline Trail, among shrubby and dwarf
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D874672F996C6247B5D17D7D2C2E4934" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 7 Aug 1998, CLC1221 (MONT); among
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="68AC09EE7A46FA20ECF934A9828B89AA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and other
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3D913E67A225FA0F07937111B4AB2491" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp., 8 Aug 1998, ZT6422 (MONT); among
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix arctica" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arctica">Salix arctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="897C856EA01316D4654E367D5D9F91AF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix arctica" order="Malpighiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arctica">Salix arctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="666626270958814958FC3EF0F52952BF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FE58DEDD22DE537119EE37D32F4C3C7D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 18 Aug 2013, EB106-13 (MONT). WYOMING: Park County, Beartooth Plateau, Frozen Lakes, among
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix arctica" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arctica">Salix arctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C88531E155F5CA5A7995EA219A5784D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix arctica" order="Malpighiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arctica">Salix arctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 21 Aug 1999, CLC1403 (MONT); Park County, Beartooth Plateau, Solifluction Terraces, among
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix arctica" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arctica">Salix arctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6B8B3707C0F23E327259A1FC151C272B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix arctica" order="Malpighiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arctica">Salix arctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="518EB6CE6E5B3F51DC44D9F937AB8546" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2E83D35CCD8ED36E26740413EDE7367B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 11 Aug 2012, EB125 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius nanus" order="Russulales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="nanus">Lactarius nanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5B40BAF9206649C999C869A29B3112A0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="37CC5C786FE802222B07822EB8448536" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="64D109F070A1AED0506FBAAAE46B648A" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0895650DB0925D5EFA15D7E8379F08A4" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius nanus" order="Russulales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="nanus">Lactarius nanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is morphologically and phylogenetically close to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius hysginoides" order="Russulales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="hysginoides">Lactarius hysginoides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1D53F7FBEFB29C3492CD50B92A9DEF7C" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius hysginoides" order="Russulales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="hysginoides">Lactarius hysginoides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Korhonen & T. Ulvinen (Figure 2A), however, the latter has a more cinnamon-toned pileus, smaller basidiospores (6.5-8.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="AC57E122D9521B42C621BAF1CB5B00EF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
4.9-7.1
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E8BB6531AF802FD8E32CD51FD2E7735A" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), and occurs in boreal areas with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F248C004E0AEDCF06C16DAB4E13B5BF2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea" order="Pinales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Picea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="131EE74465CEF3D5664D49629A7800AA" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea" order="Pinales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Picea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4CE3A2BCD851FD6F387B4B2715410F54" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; it has not been reported from the Rocky Mountains.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallidomarginatus" order="Russulales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallidomarginatus">Lactarius pallidomarginatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ABA316E46A9147B0C2608ADE49A7EA64" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallidomarginatus" order="Russulales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallidomarginatus">Lactarius pallidomarginatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Barge and C.L. Cripps is also similar, however, it is a violet staining species. Differences between
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius nanus" order="Russulales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="nanus">Lactarius nanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A6D6E4F9C06A8113FF89AE432A863E9E" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius nanus" order="Russulales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="nanus">Lactarius nanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius glyciosmus" order="Russulales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="glyciosmus">Lactarius glyciosmus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="897F3C0785161A9BF2F74AB6EBB43A4B" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius glyciosmus" order="Russulales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="glyciosmus">Lactarius glyciosmus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fr.) Fr. are discussed in the comments section under the latter.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<caption id="9C8A5D2AB9D9B97D92D02D44C8DD20ED" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DF78AABE1777ADC02DF7EFA6C104DE44" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
Figure 4.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius nanus" order="Russulales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="nanus">Lactarius nanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BD8B8A7375D82654E28C05E5BB955EF9" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius nanus" order="Russulales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="nanus">Lactarius nanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Collection EB106-13 near
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix arctica" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="arctica">Salix arctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B74BDAD3F2B6CFA3F982A6E53934D026" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix arctica" order="Malpighiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arctica">Salix arctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(pictured),
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4FC656E86F66529EB94896CB711C98C6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B1A6F19A3854EE12EC0CB46D53922C1B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Beartooth Plateau, Montana, USA. Scale bar: 2 cm. Photo by E. Barge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,152 +1,152 @@
|
|||
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||||
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
||||
<treatment id="9F97002A99A16B3FDDAF6FC11B767CC9" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873132" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9F97002A99A16B3FDDAF6FC11B767CC9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9F97002A99A16B3FDDAF6FC11B767CC9" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D708AC84BA7A5011D04E959C86AE360B" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D64D27064197A4AAF70B4363255C9103" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="4683841DA9A22C57FF87D5EFE43DE0C4" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E6769F110D0F957D50CBCBA37DB195B0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
|
||||
8.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="M. P. Christ." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius aff. brunneoviolaceus M.P. Christ.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5EA555A7B642FB6743868F05A67E28FD" ID-CoL="3RRNY" authority="M. P. Christ." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius aff. brunneoviolaceus M.P. Christ.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 10
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="21" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6E6FF6F389077C8B4430447EC8DE2E9B" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F29748E3F9953E5BEA2A85115F373947" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="CA66DA29CADEFC5627615E7A04BD3053" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<paragraph id="CA175328CB739FE694E901726FBC5514" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
Pileus 30-60 mm in diameter, convex to slightly
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="00D74B0DE6C658D5C324343D64D390B8" originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, smooth, viscid, faintly zonate, brownish with lavender hues, marbled, whitish near margin; margin incurved and faintly tomentose when young. KOH on pileus cuticle green. Lamellae adnate, crowded, cream, staining violet where damaged. Stipe 25-30
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6042A690B7FEDDE167EDA80502854209" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
20-25 mm, clavate, smooth, white with hoary coating, staining violet where damaged, hollow. Context not observed. Latex white, unchanging, staining tissue violet. Odor sweet. Taste mild, becoming slightly bitter.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2AF35DF21CD1B6FCD6450F58CF26541F" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
Basidiospores 8-12
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="05FB7AAD68D3B6B820A0733926ACF0EF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6.5-8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DEB9E8D268597FC7D7F564761AB4C316" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = 1.2-1.5, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid; ornamentation forming an incomplete reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 40-90
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="426B84506EEAC3461D4E5B35C36F9D72" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
8-12
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="5EC62CC47D6F9FF8F31E0E1419A4D3C8" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scattered to numerous, subfusiform to fusiform; apex mucronate. Cheilomacrocystidia 40-88
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B3A4C7271F97386E58A836D1CE2DF62B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
7-12
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="96CB2E18F55910BBF0542E4146E464A0" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, numerous, fusiform; apex mucronate.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius brunneoviolaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EE31DD66D449A07F2C299C487009B255" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F2E65F7BEC41F33588D81EE2E9D5CEE0" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="AC0CFFC442C7A415B31522C62E799F22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A39B2F27A275B11244A5D2C71B56899E" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius brunneoviolaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
occurs in arctic-alpine areas with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="80A6A85B6EEEE689BD250D21939853D3" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The species described here was found growing near tree line (krummholz spruce present) on the Beartooth Plateau amongst
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CB2324E128B5EEDD495081D6627FACB8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C0EA361C1E3BB5B5BAA07DDAED12E59B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, late summer.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7ADB2E4E8261034D6305613B4E13901E" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C06AA8180CD9EC8DC87E02A242B7CD09" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2B724F94BC325DA20EBCCEB149C60713" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
U.S.A. MONTANA: Custer County, Beartooth Plateau, Birch Site, among krummholz
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="452A47ADA5361987ED796876FF524E3F" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F9F6C181EC1B4CD0B0CB1DE11C66B375" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="61940899DBE73BBCCA030469EAC11581" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 15 Aug 2014, CLC3098 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C5C34DD01130C2005438DEEA627EAF0A" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C26672F6DE9B6E3292AB6619D876BC3F" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7B0FA206A7013B74A44F33553D9D851A" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||||
More collections and molecular data from this species are needed, however, this is the first report of a species from the GYE, and to the best of our knowledge, North America, bearing affinities to the arctic-alpine
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="66DE51A5C5CFDDB84CDA3B1336E52B1D" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
associate
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius brunneoviolaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6CF5D0399305BB158967AC212B1B802A" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius brunneoviolaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Unfortunately, high quality sequence data was not obtained for this collection, and only a small portion of ITS1 could be used for phylogenetic analyses, which placed it with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius brunneoviolaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3629381976AB71C7C589F4E4819FA1CB" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius brunneoviolaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Morphologically, it is also a close match, except that the pileus of the species described here stains green with KOH, which is not historically mentioned for
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius brunneoviolaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="00954046302678EA6CF44E134246098E" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius brunneoviolaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. It is possible that the pileus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius brunneoviolaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="91A0871F21528776D715CBB1DC8ACF14" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius brunneoviolaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
stains green in KOH as well but that it has not been thoroughly tested. In CLC2133 from Norway, another specimen closely matching
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius brunneoviolaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0423B4647E8135CA989A9F39E10F3509" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius brunneoviolaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
which was examined, the pileus (of dried material) also stained green in KOH.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="21" pageNumber="22" start="start">This</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1957BCE92F7940D27EF88228D921F1FB" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="E52179096C013B2C2298F3A3A0A8C2D3" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" start="start">This</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
species is very closely related to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius montanus" order="Russulales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="montanus">Lactarius montanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E799289C66BC30F4BBB35AA804FCFCF3" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius montanus" order="Russulales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="montanus">Lactarius montanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Figure 2A), however, the latter features slightly smaller basidiospores (7-10.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="16D1A7BC74227665E7FBA00B85A44A12" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6-8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E39803C99CF4350DB6AA9FEEC7AF7C38" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, although sometimes to 12
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="176B07CFE0176EAEB1454951DE0E0D99" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
long), and is typically below tree line with conifers.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallidomarginatus" order="Russulales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallidomarginatus">Lactarius pallidomarginatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9F5D43A55DFA8612ADED915981F949D8" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallidomarginatus" order="Russulales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallidomarginatus">Lactarius pallidomarginatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which is also closely related, has lighter colored, less violaceous pilei that do not stain green in KOH, and smaller basidiospores (8-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DFAE14136686EF75148228F4DD47BDB3" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6.5-8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A7C545496F2CF2CA8F8B9348CC31146E" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<caption id="B3A800AF6464EF238FF07811B4BAB3D5" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
<paragraph id="766052B6D9597EE1901AC7303240F6F8" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
|
||||
Figure 10.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius aff. brunneoviolaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1830B40AB770C16C2B4C29A613155B1F" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius aff. brunneoviolaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Collection CLC3098 near
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A07AF9D9FEE9F77B2288F69394756C04" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix reticulata" order="Malpighiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="reticulata">Salix reticulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(pictured),
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8ABED47C95B7C8ACB2E9F835E4F45596" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix planifolia" order="Malpighiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="planifolia">Salix planifolia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and krummholz
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F740D9DB7E3DD4FB6BA7D46015E97736" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Beartooth Plateau, Montana, USA. Scale bar: 2 cm. Photo by C. Cripps.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,146 +1,146 @@
|
|||
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873133" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9FA3A4C775A090C54CDFF92D040CBE66" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9FA3A4C775A090C54CDFF92D040CBE66" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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||||
<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
||||
<treatment id="9FA3A4C775A090C54CDFF92D040CBE66" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873133" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9FA3A4C775A090C54CDFF92D040CBE66" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9FA3A4C775A090C54CDFF92D040CBE66" lastPageId="35" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
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<paragraph id="ABAC35A4843F5B96E2DD049BC520E1D3" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A112C6D7E13DFBFBB19FFE407D24F040" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="CCF8E444CD091CF5F842B69C5CD4E25D" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||||
18.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Hesler & A. H. Sm." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius barrowsii" order="Russulales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="barrowsii">Lactarius barrowsii Hesler & A.H. Sm.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="97C6050DCB35066258BD57FD1DBC0A3A" ID-CoL="3RRN9" authority="Hesler & A. H. Sm." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius barrowsii" order="Russulales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="barrowsii">Lactarius barrowsii Hesler & A.H. Sm.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 20
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="35" pageNumber="36" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="202EAF8C3C15FCDA9ACF189B8F8BCB75" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F00BDE4E49BA9996ADD00FD82FF7119C" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="876287E751D354E660173F27E4D8065F" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<paragraph id="DF2CB806427609EA1B2CB7D5C42F2359" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
Pileus 30-140 mm in diameter,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="81195F883A6175365306AADD43AFD62C" originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to broadly infundibuliform, viscid to dry, smooth, azonate, cream to dingy pinkish orange to pale
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="yellow–brown">yellow-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BD732AA3DB9332686541FFF0B5800CAB" originalValue="yellow–brown">yellow-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to straw yellow, discoloring red and eventally green in age or where damaged; margin incurved with a white bloom when young, becoming straight to upturned and wavy in age. Lamellae adnate to subdecurrent, crowded to subdistant, dingy pinkish orange to creamy
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="yellow–orange">yellow-orange</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9CC8CF8189A218D6A898C0523948ED81" originalValue="yellow–orange">yellow-orange</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, discoloring red and eventually green where damaged. Stipe 15-50
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="39E90717090CFBA8058C8E3AFD35058A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
10-30 mm, equal to tapering toward the base, dry, smooth, at first with a white bloom, becoming dingy pinkish orange to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="yellow–brown">yellow-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DBE46656D7621D36CC2A7EB578F175F7" originalValue="yellow–brown">yellow-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in places, staining red and eventually green where damaged, solid, becoming hollow. Context whitish, staining red. Latex scarce to undetectable, watery, red, staining flesh red and eventually green. Odor faintly sweet to spermatic in age. Taste mild.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<paragraph id="80A23876E36D8AE3150BDD389383A033" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
Basidiospores 8.5-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="28195566FE6356721217A80932473A15" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6-7.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="5954659663E9415D490E44EF85A963B2" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = 1.3-1.5, ellipsoid; ornamentation forming a broken reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia none observed (absent in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9C483CA045D02089F410002A6901A792" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Cheilomacrocystidia 30-50
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="63C1F127968B8AE7243DAC8D84FE1672" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2-6
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="23C6E125079E954B485737CCEAB8BF54" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scattered, fusoid; apex acute.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2E0332487DE8CDD68E8012390D69EAFE" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9B496C6EE46A5D42D29DC58FFBD53ABD" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="785F9D735C087C7F2455AE841C53069D" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
In Western North America, previously reported with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius ponderosa" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="ponderosa">ponderosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="61B6556858526B95BD803BF0964EECB8" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius ponderosa" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="ponderosa">ponderosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and pinyon pine. In the GYE, it occurs in foothills to low montane dry scrubland, so far reported only from under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus flexilis" order="Pinales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flexilis">Pinus flexilis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4037EA3B1C1A205ED6A5DCB42EA189B0" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus flexilis" order="Pinales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flexilis">Pinus flexilis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, spring and early summer. This is the first report of this species with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus flexilis" order="Pinales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flexilis">Pinus flexilis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F8DDD751D1C167E250472F0DADD26204" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus flexilis" order="Pinales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flexilis">Pinus flexilis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3C45A0BA8959DD8C851305BC68DA8C2A" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="617726FCEC0A92917C707FBB28CBF3A4" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F3637BE7A14DBE5AC728E7F05686D512" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
U.S.A. MONTANA: Gallatin County, Story Hill, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus flexilis" order="Pinales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flexilis">Pinus flexilis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D3A6F677DD8F9B9F96EF8E5F16739D35" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus flexilis" order="Pinales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flexilis">Pinus flexilis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 30 May 2015, EB008-15, EB015-15, EB028-15 (all at MONT); Madison County, Revenue Flats, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus flexilis" order="Pinales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flexilis">Pinus flexilis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="26C9C8E2754AFA6954B824327E7AB3B8" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus flexilis" order="Pinales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flexilis">Pinus flexilis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 1 June 2015, EB037-15 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="AF503C1E50C742E7C7A825CBA510238E" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BD0B3FF52777319BF862CB3BDCC68E0" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="9299B4155813DEF10119363A4AC29069" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
This is the first report of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius barrowsii" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="barrowsii">Lactarius barrowsii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DEEB499D44E75CB81E2EA7763662B381" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius barrowsii" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="barrowsii">Lactarius barrowsii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the GYE.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius barrowsii" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="barrowsii">Lactarius barrowsii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2787D6BD43B4AE688334A913B22E83C2" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius barrowsii" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="barrowsii">Lactarius barrowsii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and other members of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="section" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius section" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="section" section="Deliciosi" species="section">section Deliciosi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="146E47705117A70AB0E0B69B15F6F432" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="section" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius section" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="section" section="Deliciosi">section Deliciosi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fr.:Fr.) Redeuilh, Verbeken & Walleyn, such as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deliciosus">Lactarius deliciosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A35BD40642C4A82D4DC71A2A04EB217F" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deliciosus" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deliciosus">Lactarius deliciosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(L.) Gray,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deterrimus" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deterrimus">Lactarius deterrimus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gröger">Groeger</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C8428FDAA5A471D639106A4AC8AD01D" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius deterrimus" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="deterrimus">Lactarius deterrimus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="5DCA94FCFEAAAD474E0E08D7E1B85E8A" originalValue="Gröger">Groeger</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius rubrilacteus" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rubrilacteus">Lactarius rubrilacteus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="689217EB88B51C7D7E1761EFE4EDDC06" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius rubrilacteus" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rubrilacteus">Lactarius rubrilacteus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm. form a monophyletic group (Figure 2B), previously shown by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Nuytinck, J" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="820 - 832" title="Worldwide phylogeny of LactariussectionDeliciosi inferred from ITS and glyceraldehyde- 3 - phosphate dehydrogenase gene sequences." url="10.3852/mycologia.99.6.820" volume="99" year="2007">Nuytinck et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E397607FA977993541ED15BD4BD0845A" author="Nuytinck, J" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="820 - 832" title="Worldwide phylogeny of LactariussectionDeliciosi inferred from ITS and glyceraldehyde- 3 - phosphate dehydrogenase gene sequences." url="10.3852/mycologia.99.6.820" volume="99" year="2007">Nuytinck et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius barrowsii" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="barrowsii">Lactarius barrowsii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5415DD46498854A5DDCF87614F498D79" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius barrowsii" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="barrowsii">Lactarius barrowsii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is morphologically close to the western North American
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius rubrilacteus" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rubrilacteus">Lactarius rubrilacteus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E92E69CA52155C474AC15298BCEA183F" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius rubrilacteus" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rubrilacteus">Lactarius rubrilacteus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. However, in
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius barrowsii" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="barrowsii">Lactarius barrowsii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B5FF1F83E5F1C0001626486630A891D2" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius barrowsii" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="barrowsii">Lactarius barrowsii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the lamellae are more orange, the pileus is lighter and more yellow, the margin has a white bloom when young, and the stipe is often whiter. Phylogenetically,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius barrowsii" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="barrowsii">Lactarius barrowsii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="83BD774B787FD26EAE8949B6FC1B1CDA" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius barrowsii" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="barrowsii">Lactarius barrowsii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is very close to the hypogeous, spring fruiting, pine associated
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius rubriviridis" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rubriviridis">Lactarius rubriviridis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="05E3162AA5FB2CED9B10DF298BB75E8E" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius rubriviridis" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rubriviridis">Lactarius rubriviridis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Desjardin, H.M. Saylor & Thiers, which occurs in similar dry habitats in western North America (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Nuytinck, J" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="820 - 832" title="Worldwide phylogeny of LactariussectionDeliciosi inferred from ITS and glyceraldehyde- 3 - phosphate dehydrogenase gene sequences." url="10.3852/mycologia.99.6.820" volume="99" year="2007">Nuytinck et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="24DD5413E2C55E42E1CB3FA28D8B1C0E" author="Nuytinck, J" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="820 - 832" title="Worldwide phylogeny of LactariussectionDeliciosi inferred from ITS and glyceraldehyde- 3 - phosphate dehydrogenase gene sequences." url="10.3852/mycologia.99.6.820" volume="99" year="2007">Nuytinck et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<caption id="21034F6B714E40B19F30A62B25BDE4B3" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<paragraph id="ED3E428188218327D9FD5CEDFF3BF2D1" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
Figure 20.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius barrowsii" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="barrowsii">Lactarius barrowsii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="14B1F1B941DB259E4479D46661C51A92" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius barrowsii" order="Russulales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="barrowsii">Lactarius barrowsii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Top collection EB008-15 (left and right) and bottom collection EB015-15 under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus flexilis" order="Pinales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flexilis">Pinus flexilis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A6958473B18630EFA2B9A1D013D4196C" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus flexilis" order="Pinales" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="flexilis">Pinus flexilis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Story Hill, Bozeman, Montana, USA. Scale bars: 2 cm. Photos by E. Barge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,152 +1,152 @@
|
|||
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<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
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|
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||||
22.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="(Scop.) Fr." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius rufus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rufus">Lactarius rufus (Scop.) Fr.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4BCDC05353B38740BDB671C2CDE6DE1E" ID-CoL="6NT25" authority="(Scop.) Fr." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius rufus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rufus">Lactarius rufus (Scop.) Fr.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 24
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="42" pageNumber="43" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="BCCF04BD6A04D7CD20AB98072708AEFD" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="description">
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<paragraph id="CAF4C626FD48B357ED86B6083CBB7C3E" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<paragraph id="4E5417857E10B90811A52A35CF658AD4" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
Pileus 45-110 mm in diameter, convex to
|
||||
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|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
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|
||||
<normalizedToken id="28741F40216CB8BFFF2F7C584E1E4DE2" originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to broadly infundibuliform, smooth, at first covered with a fine bloom becoming
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1163697C6477167CFDB1C0FDC061E2CB" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
faintly areolate in age, subviscid when wet, becoming dry, azonate, deep
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="red–brown">red-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="09582AB062E11DCBA2DCB0827FE66F60" originalValue="red–brown">red-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9E6C1AD73DAC9EB2A40E0E5263517CE8" originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, sometimes with
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="gray–brown">gray-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8CB7CBB60D79BBA218DA0204C117D5DF" originalValue="gray–brown">gray-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
bands or blotches; margin incurved when young, becoming straight. Lamellae adnate to subdecurrent, subdistant to crowded, cream to dingy
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–tan">orange-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="80215A0B5DAC9D42D745420281AF90CF" originalValue="orange–tan">orange-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in age, discoloring dingy brown where damaged. Stipe 40-90
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F58D2E6EAF8F6FE3A5C1FA8C73E786EF" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
10-15 mm, equal to subclavate, smooth, at first with a fine bloom, dry, cream to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="tan–pink">tan-pink</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="997B2013B89F5143DCF0D015EDC8B1BF" originalValue="tan–pink">tan-pink</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="red–brown">red-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A029D129338A5B73D8AC375A5EB5C172" originalValue="red–brown">red-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, typically remaining cream toward the base, solid, becoming hollow. Context white to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="vinaceous–buff">vinaceous-buff</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="456B145170F83430917D78319060A42C" originalValue="vinaceous–buff">vinaceous-buff</normalizedToken>
|
||||
. Latex scarce to abundant, white, unchanging. Odor mild. Taste acrid.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1D9789489BF0B6E84E1644627EF71202" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
Basidiospores 6.8-9.2
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F990374F71227BC44C8C96AD70D604FC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5.1-7.1
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="49C6728BF4A5108B5DF1BB5A14435F3E" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = 1.3-1.5, ellipsoid; ornamentation forming a complete reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 26-70
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CB499C2C973EC8CA134A524EFDEFC31F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6-12
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B57D77283ADAC50AE810B4CAEE24C338" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scattered to abundant, subfusiform to fusiform; apex obtuse to mucronate. Cheilomacrocystidia 20-50
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8E4E9AA277327F4862FA55C16C491E3A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5-9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="EBC012A6EBA3DB15A299A54559F3F422" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scattered, subfusiform to fusiform; apex obtuse to broadly acute.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="30FF02D40396FD8BE023C90F0112806B" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="518B29B225B7B84F9F048CB906FD2C99" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2B2F3E9C86BDC753577EA86BBE8E9BDE" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||||
Widely distributed in the northern hemisphere with conifers and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B3EE692AEBB12E422E6707F5071BA13E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In the GYE, it occurs in montane mid-elevation mixed lodgepole/spruce-fir forests up through to high elevation mixed lodgepole/spruce-fir/whitebark pine forests, typically on drier, upland sites, summer to fall.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="43" pageNumber="44" start="start">Specimens</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="CB3212BA9656644F7B6682952B7D38CD" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D305799B51E334093043C296299260D3" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="364B71B8EF33A9AD9730628F3CD4311A" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" start="start">Specimens</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
examined.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3F8DE8E22F677271E6597C82E13529DA" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
U.S.A. MONTANA: Gallatin County, Gallatin Range, Fox Meadow, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="18A25F54D2896D6456341C1AEB33F460" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AEDC753B14358ADCAE084F54900F2440" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus albicaulis" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="albicaulis">Pinus albicaulis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="17E3D3848BEF5DC3395D42AB83C877E4" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus albicaulis" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="albicaulis">Pinus albicaulis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 7 Sept 2013, EB125-13 (MONT); Gallatin County, Gallatin Range, Blackmore Trailhead, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F160E352879F7A47399950841877CB96" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus contorta" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="contorta">Pinus contorta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="71BEBF741DB3E3DA0057EB4F1D55670E" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus contorta" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="contorta">Pinus contorta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 15 Sept 2015, EB301-15 (MONT); Gallatin County, Gallatin Range, Lick Creek, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8E686932E0F63AF1134004250C0EEBDD" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus contorta" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="contorta">Pinus contorta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FA001831779D2315B2635AF4CBC8B2AD" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus contorta" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="contorta">Pinus contorta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 27 Aug 2014, EB0076-14 (MONT). WYOMING: Park County, Washburn Range, Dunraven Pass, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus albicaulis" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="albicaulis">Pinus albicaulis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="69892C647484D8450FF81F4348E36E56" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus albicaulis" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="albicaulis">Pinus albicaulis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus contorta" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="contorta">Pinus contorta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CF80891B11A12AB4C89C888D606A2BC1" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus contorta" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="contorta">Pinus contorta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 10 Sept 2005, CLC2205 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius rufus" order="Russulales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rufus">Lactarius rufus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7BEE6020AAAE57D16AFF4D2ADE3905A3" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3226892D6EBED80C9594539B77DDA96B" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="393CB3ADDC99FB4A431A07191466CB4F" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="506EB3E6170477AA1E061ED18CD32311" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius rufus" order="Russulales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rufus">Lactarius rufus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
appears to be an extremely morphologically and ecologically variable species, although more research is needed to see if this is backed up molecularly. At the ITS region, specimens from the GYE are molecularly identical to European specimens (RPB2 data missing for European collections) (Figure 2C). Similar species in the Rocky Mountains include
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">Lactarius badiosanguineus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="772217D141AA75A1B46193AA95F7D7DD" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">Lactarius badiosanguineus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="luculentus" variety="laetus">Lactarius luculentus v. laetus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4BA275929E95CB75BC9722F9B2D6FDD0" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="luculentus" variety="laetus">Lactarius luculentus v. laetus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, both of which are less robust and not acrid.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<caption id="521C909D2BB88983D9F9A8B4DBC35236" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
<paragraph id="EEE8B06D6FD1D7FF074DC07EE16F3F35" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||||
Figure 24.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius rufus" order="Russulales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rufus">Lactarius rufus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E2E00D6098C97AB81F5AD0DFB5AB5E2B" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius rufus" order="Russulales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="rufus">Lactarius rufus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Collection EB0076-14 under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus contorta" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="contorta">Pinus contorta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="212CCB82073D478F8A88696B5FC434C8" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus contorta" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="contorta">Pinus contorta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="99C71F9579ED121084D81C37F1817583" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Gallatin Range, Montana, USA. Scale bar: 2 cm. Photo by E. Barge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,136 +1,136 @@
|
|||
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|
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<mods:namePart>Barge, Edward G.</mods:namePart>
|
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<mods:namePart id="F777EDE12A41DE0FC4989C2B03C6E0CC">Barge, Edward G.</mods:namePart>
|
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|
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|
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<mods:namePart>Cripps, Cathy L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C396A2E121BA465F668279DDE551EC5C">Cripps, Cathy L.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873131" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B0B831574B45C84E2CE15DB45EBDCCA5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B0B831574B45C84E2CE15DB45EBDCCA5" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
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<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
||||
<treatment id="B0B831574B45C84E2CE15DB45EBDCCA5" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873131" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B0B831574B45C84E2CE15DB45EBDCCA5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B0B831574B45C84E2CE15DB45EBDCCA5" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="7A040D108929C785A1DB992AF48814C2" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph id="530DC43BD64E3DEACEB1A8DD9F4F5F7B" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="6C7C468E9CF2A3D65F1FF1D492C2418F" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="577C0662DCAEB61C02C0F8AC9BA668ED" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
17.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Kytoev." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius olivinus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="olivinus">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5733E2188B22A1705EDA100DB6EC65C4" ID-CoL="3RS3F" authority="Kytoev." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius olivinus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="olivinus">
|
||||
Lactarius aff. olivinus
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kytöv">Kytoev</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="B04FA63CB0FCEC001A65B3F7CFAA54E8" originalValue="Kytöv">Kytoev</normalizedToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 19
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="EAB05617E9E0215AEB39F5EF1839246F" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1E810FB744EA9839659170C2CC7D5F30" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="696F293C158396557FD082E3D816323F" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
Pileus 30-110 mm in diameter,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7AA7F6B62DF41CD60B9AB859DD3946EA" originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to infundibuliform, viscid when wet, with appressed, agglutinated scales of confluent hairs, especially near the margin, more or less azonate, cream to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="olive–buff">olive-buff</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7BA4858D6CFFF1783E557A9BA430E812" originalValue="olive–buff">olive-buff</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="yellow–tan">yellow-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CFD48A3AF97DDAF2618879B10B191A04" originalValue="yellow–tan">yellow-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–tan">orange-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="18B506D2F6F186F1B07CE6DCC28813D1" originalValue="orange–tan">orange-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="460364920AC56F6D72B323152555F334" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
darker toward the center; margin incurved and
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="wooly–tomentose">wooly-tomentose</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9DD2F236B677825E9BECB0697F4FCCD4" originalValue="wooly–tomentose">wooly-tomentose</normalizedToken>
|
||||
when young, often forming a cottony rim, becoming straight and more or less glabrous. Lamellae subdecurrent, crowded, cream, staining yellow where damaged and then fading or eventually becoming pale ochraceous. Stipe 30-45
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="48464D26E4115FADD7E898D261DF5D86" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
10-25 mm, equal to clavate to tapering toward the base, smooth, dry, cream to pale
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="yellow–tan">yellow-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4B1693BBB11FF9E7B913FC9AB6037DDC" originalValue="yellow–tan">yellow-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–tan">orange-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E0EA82AD960B5129E7708329DC907B8D" originalValue="orange–tan">orange-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4B788ACAD1FD33D7E32A1C8B7F50A744" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
with pale
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="yellow–tan">yellow-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="391C5642E930770E812E2C8C002D7450" originalValue="yellow–tan">yellow-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
scrobicules, often with a white ring near the apex, solid, becoming hollow. Context white, staining pale yellow at first and then fading. Latex scarce to undetectable, white, becoming yellow, staining tissue yellow and then fading. Odor faintly sweet to faintly spermatic. Taste mild.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
<paragraph id="897782A6621B3CAECCC8BD344873B14C" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
Basidiospores 7.5-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C16845597D8A3239D892014F6E2E9E33" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5.5-7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="38E449CDD3EC981652733FD6F1193CB7" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = 1.3-1.5, ellipsoid; ornamentation forming a partial reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 51-100
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9863D38BB4B7896C045906CE3FEEF658" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
9-14
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D6F10B310B6D9FFB1230849749E1D588" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, abundant, strongly projecting, fusiform to lanceolate; apex acute to moniliform. Cheilomacrocystidia absent.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="E4467DC41E69637D55F51DA1DDF0EA7E" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="4DD9F24FA4A54C25431167384A8D01FF" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="043DAF492109FFA4C539F9F8D9819482" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
In montane, rich, moist habitats with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4D583E802CB05E6E52A27F5C5CA205BD" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, mid to late summer.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="09D029D8BC738D1DB32C4A9F24EED2B0" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C15A97910BE6D3E1801DF8166E61AC1B" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="E985E6D5EC146F79CC694ADE7B0BF547" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
U.S.A. MONTANA: Park County, Silver Gate, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="03999E0697A7E1DA994D2978CA0CFF4F" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 13 Aug 2014, EB0050-14 (MONT), EB0051-14 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="E3C128547D26B197C954A763B4B2A464" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F38DA24BCEE3F80DA6EA411E59B9836E" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="48728C9DF4755CBABD888D2A5ADBA85D" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||||
This species is morphologically close to the European
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius olivinus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="olivinus">Lactarius olivinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="40BB01E15C89A9AAD600DFDED866FBF1" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius olivinus" order="Russulales" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="olivinus">Lactarius olivinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
except for the mild rather than acrid taste. Molecularly (Figure 2B), and ecologically, it is also
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="34" pageNumber="35" start="start">close</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="A48BA78A752FFDDCAED316A0FE8D8670" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" start="start">close</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
, however we refrain from calling it that species until more collections are examined and compared with European material. It is also very close to some interpretations of the North American taxa
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius scrobiculatus var. canadensis" order="Russulales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="scrobiculatus" variety="canadensis">Lactarius scrobiculatus v. canadensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F78D63D4D28E4714C2682C4BA8451B26" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius scrobiculatus var. canadensis" order="Russulales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="scrobiculatus" variety="canadensis">Lactarius scrobiculatus v. canadensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius gossypinus" order="Russulales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="gossypinus">Lactarius gossypinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2FA962200763C0B011E8C30DB72D75D6" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius gossypinus" order="Russulales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="gossypinus">Lactarius gossypinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, except it has larger basidiospores and pleuromacrocystidia.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius payettensis" order="Russulales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="payettensis">Lactarius payettensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A025E1763EDBF6559A3F74FC88E626DD" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius payettensis" order="Russulales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="payettensis">Lactarius payettensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is also similar, but it has unchanging latex, and a strongly acrid taste. See comments under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius tuomikoskii" order="Russulales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="tuomikoskii">Lactarius aff. tuomikoskii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0DEEDF0A0FEFEC8928BA2125F98EE562" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius tuomikoskii" order="Russulales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="tuomikoskii">Lactarius aff. tuomikoskii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
for additional information.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||||
<caption id="9EE1FCFF3813EEBEB1F9B1A7DFE540F4" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||||
<paragraph id="93361F6279B16FF59D4A57E7B68CD8B5" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||||
Figure 19.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius olivinus" order="Russulales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="olivinus">Lactarius aff. olivinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9ED6B68F1C82EE697E6495E516E7524A" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius olivinus" order="Russulales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="olivinus">Lactarius aff. olivinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Top collection EB0051-14 and bottom collection EB0050-14 under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="38351F614B258114D2493FD965C122D1" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Silver Gate, Montana, USA. Scale bars: 2 cm. Photos by E. Barge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,260 +1,260 @@
|
|||
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<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3D1150785188450FFC01D34473A00D62" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<subSubSection id="000113FF46644B27F8F98662DDBB9720" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
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21.
|
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<taxonomicName authority="Kuehner & Romagn." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">
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<taxonomicName id="CE4D30928BEF6BF1AD56E99EEF43CD59" ID-CoL="3RRN5" authority="Kuehner & Romagn." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">
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Lactarius badiosanguineus
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Kühner">Kuehner</normalizedToken>
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& Romagn.
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 23
|
||||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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<subSubSection id="C06993199881494392AEBEA8D9886331" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
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<paragraph id="67CAE0E763B212FC23036244AB4819B5" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C2E87EBAFAB9E4570A00FCE689CE7FA0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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Pileus 15-70 mm in diameter, broadly convex to
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<normalizedToken originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="6EB090C09DD3BC6848C21B9796F0D3C6" originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
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to broadly infundibuliform,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="E7F0BD9E9A71B2CBD717473C08A3EA95" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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umbonate, subviscid to dry, smooth to
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<normalizedToken originalValue="wrinkled–veined">wrinkled-veined</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="C219553F031AB2FAFF3F032348BE278E" originalValue="wrinkled–veined">wrinkled-veined</normalizedToken>
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, typically darker when young, liver colored to deep scarlet red to
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<normalizedToken originalValue="red–brown">red-brown</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="D5A58DB3333BEDE319B46895C466262C" originalValue="red–brown">red-brown</normalizedToken>
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to
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<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="1DCB50792B75C2A9C2AD930E8B2BC58B" originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
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to dingy orange, conspicuously lighter (to
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<normalizedToken originalValue="yellow–orange">yellow-orange</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="A85B1CF3134170341D5EDD31B0B92207" originalValue="yellow–orange">yellow-orange</normalizedToken>
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) toward the margin in age; margin
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<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="6FAFB515B1EA8027AFD07A65BC5D82D7" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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striate when wet, slightly incurved to straight when young, remaining straight or becoming slightly wavy in age. Lamellae subdecurrent, crowded to subdistant, cream to creamy yellow to pale tan to pale
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<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–tan">orange-tan</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="CBA889405BE0305D244D0234435C209C" originalValue="orange–tan">orange-tan</normalizedToken>
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. Stipe 20-70
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="E450B8FACB3EC3D3896FEC6A5046AA8C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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8-13 mm, equal to slightly clavate, smooth, dry, faintly
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="white–pruinose">white-pruinose</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="5440408945E6D31109A0B50E6C7E9E0D" originalValue="white–pruinose">white-pruinose</normalizedToken>
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when young, dingy orange to
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="red–orange">red-orange</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="33B2C3F3957813F363F82E20971C2C09" originalValue="red–orange">red-orange</normalizedToken>
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, solid, becoming hollow. Context pale tan to
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="red–orange">red-orange</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="4388D4E5355AEAB931E5F398C5F53B53" originalValue="red–orange">red-orange</normalizedToken>
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. Latex scarce to abundant, white, unchanging. Odor mild. Taste mild to slightly bitter.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8578E4A87DA4CEB9BFB674D1450872F1" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
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Basidiospores 7-9.5
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="AE55CB213BB629C872A9E486F063ADFB" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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6-8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F7EA24F4BC454CB757F0BD25271B9374" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
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, Q = 1.1-1.4, subglobose to ellipsoid; ornamentation forming a broken to nearly complete reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 40-90
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="5AB073EF40788CB0723CD85EB495B935" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D5CB9CC1824C079215640D878EA8348A" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
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, scattered to numerous, subfusiform; apex obtuse to broadly acute. Cheilomacrocystidia 20-50
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="5FB582483D11ABE1F6F0F64238D8A4CA" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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5-9
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7B80EDDFC9EB51935E0A99F4D7BFB58A" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
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, scattered to numerous, subfusiform; apex obtuse to broadly acute.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="720E3E9EDE0CADECF6249D1C92F98AE9" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0C9BB5B9A5E2C7164C21CE8033944416" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="31060DDF4F934B1CD2DBA6ECFC688A57" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
In Eurasia and North America with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Picea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BAD40C822C7C818132E904BF692205D2" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Picea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In the GYE, this species occurs in moist areas and along streams (although it can also occur on drier upland sites) in the montane spruce-fir zone, possibly always in the presence of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="784DEBD76B4198CAF9FD79CC885C74CA" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, summer to fall.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="8F2F663E74DEF38B6C5B26F0AF0EC461" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F12C9FA955FE981623B85123A4BF8844" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="EAA8FCC31C4B21BEE82F72BB8167249A" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
U.S.A. MONTANA: Gallatin County, Gallatin Range, East Fork Hyalite Creek, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EB5EE5A612CB7C1D63D9D11DE9158A90" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A271DFEB7ECD9EFF9BB19D92BF288AAD" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 25 Sept 2013, EB200-13 (MONT); under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11F241AD8C6F95A2E3A3B8D58F78FD46" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C060BBE0039B78DE96912E0779CE3B4A" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus contorta" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="contorta">Pinus contorta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A61F3C696E649BCB0392B7DD714CE80D" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus contorta" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="contorta">Pinus contorta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 24 Aug 2014, EB0062-14 (MONT); Madison County, Tobacco Root Mountains, Branham Lakes, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4D6518DBB90625DF1876F21CB2F07116" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
; 1 Sept 2014, EB0069-14 (MONT); Sweet Grass County, Crazy Mountains, Big Timber Creek, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7814B23A431B236EDCC492B41FC5FAC6" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3A8A98DE40FD836E8C28917039C410D8" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 1 Aug 2015, EB094-15 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="BA6977628C69B9A15F51652DC275B1AA" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1E2642B5D04469BAF95090CCB2881A09" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1B66F47B0F6EE1BDA24F86C2890E3895" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||||
This is the first report of this species from the GYE under the name
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">Lactarius badiosanguineus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="004A4BAB4349FC04524FBDB83A358B64" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">Lactarius badiosanguineus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In North American treatments (e.g.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8B6FB501D3BA52997756612CBF3A81ED" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Bessette, AE" journalOrPublisher="Syracuse University Press" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 297" title="Milk mushrooms of North America: A field identification guide to the genus Lactarius" year="2009">Bessette et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A889EC5D89100520E9A0867E59ED9AD4" author="Bessette, AE" journalOrPublisher="Syracuse University Press" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 297" title="Milk mushrooms of North America: A field identification guide to the genus Lactarius" year="2009">Bessette et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), this species may have gone under the name
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius hepaticus" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="hepaticus">Lactarius hepaticus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9A1F0C8D09DC3564F8831FA1E7CD8A7C" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius hepaticus" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="hepaticus">Lactarius hepaticus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Plowr. Previous reports of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subdulcis" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subdulcis">Lactarius subdulcis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8EB607F2A6A8D725224CF8D8D2490DFF" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subdulcis" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subdulcis">Lactarius subdulcis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Pers.) Gray from the GYE (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="McKnight, KH" journalOrPublisher="Grand Teton Library and Museum Association" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 21" title="Checklist of mushrooms and other fungi of Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks" year="1982">McKnight 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="271B26E89BDC56667730374989543271" author="McKnight, KH" journalOrPublisher="Grand Teton Library and Museum Association" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 21" title="Checklist of mushrooms and other fungi of Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks" year="1982">McKnight 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) likely refer to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">Lactarius badiosanguineus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E8880F592875B6AB984BE2C3EAA6900C" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">Lactarius badiosanguineus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The European
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius hepaticus" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="hepaticus">Lactarius hepaticus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D031377764084D77EDA7071A407FDEEC" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius hepaticus" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="hepaticus">Lactarius hepaticus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has a duller, browner pileus (although it can be deep red), yellowing latex and flesh, an acrid taste, and it associates with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="486A68EC955BAC4BB7C6557924DDF10E" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Pinus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in nutrient-poor, acidic soils (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Kraenzlin, F" journalOrPublisher="Verlag Mykologia Luzern" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 317" title="Fungi of Switzerland. Volume 6, Russulaceae" year="2005">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kränzlin">Kraenzlin</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6BD097080B0099E5D9F2AA3B221FA672" author="Kraenzlin, F" journalOrPublisher="Verlag Mykologia Luzern" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 317" title="Fungi of Switzerland. Volume 6, Russulaceae" year="2005">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A91A0326C42FF4222E80053C4655212A" originalValue="Kränzlin">Kraenzlin</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2005
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The European
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subdulcis" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subdulcis">Lactarius subdulcis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="44DE01D92D5E272B73C63DD7258D2A78" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subdulcis" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subdulcis">Lactarius subdulcis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has a more
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7D112ADA29DEE1E0F014820AA52209D8" originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to brown pileus (although it can be reddish), a mild to unpleasant smell, a
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="bitter–acrid">bitter-acrid</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1FF792A0716063288E5BA218E4C0BBFA" originalValue="bitter–acrid">bitter-acrid</normalizedToken>
|
||||
taste, and an association with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fagus" order="Fagales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Fagus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5C483EA7DEFEDFCBC12184842AF4D1E0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fagus" order="Fagales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Fagus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="AEC80F003035AB3D0CEA192C746A7E39" author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Kraenzlin, F" journalOrPublisher="Verlag Mykologia Luzern" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 317" title="Fungi of Switzerland. Volume 6, Russulaceae" year="2005">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kränzlin">Kraenzlin</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="07BA2CC570C523FF341EB83430A71941" author="Kraenzlin, F" journalOrPublisher="Verlag Mykologia Luzern" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 317" title="Fungi of Switzerland. Volume 6, Russulaceae" year="2005">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="EC9E9796E6E7AEF6496AA2401A4E1F23" originalValue="Kränzlin">Kraenzlin</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2005
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Phylogenetically,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">Lactarius badiosanguineus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0CEB43442436821B2B2FC2541DC0D4DB" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">Lactarius badiosanguineus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
appears to be fairly closely related to but distinct from both
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subdulcis" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subdulcis">Lactarius subdulcis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FB2E56C8E32CDD1B4C89D0B71E69CC47" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subdulcis" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subdulcis">Lactarius subdulcis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius hepaticus" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="hepaticus">Lactarius hepaticus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="86C36CED2F53AB716C3E55DD92AA1D75" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius hepaticus" order="Russulales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="hepaticus">Lactarius hepaticus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Figure 2C).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="41" pageNumber="42" start="start">Lactarius</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<paragraph id="99DCDA8F72570FC09BB2E7008B44D6D1" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="067BD0FBDC1C6A74918EDACD8DE22B0A" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="6AC9AB2764BBE304EC551BAD5F0861BA" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" start="start">Lactarius</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
badiosanguineus
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is closely related to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subviscidus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subviscidus">Lactarius subviscidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="87562BB8D6DBF1102A32B4843F0856D4" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subviscidus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subviscidus">Lactarius subviscidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius sphagneti" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="sphagneti">Lactarius sphagneti</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="22FA8D92FCE867C639B3101884397C39" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius sphagneti" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="sphagneti">Lactarius sphagneti</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fr.) Neuhoff, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius fulvissimus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="fulvissimus">Lactarius fulvissimus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8539DC7F5664135F07059E5D7D4B5CAE" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius fulvissimus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="fulvissimus">Lactarius fulvissimus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Romagn.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subviscidus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subviscidus">Lactarius subviscidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E115778C2820A6BBD01D0D978890C2FF" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subviscidus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subviscidus">Lactarius subviscidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
features typically smaller, more fragile basidiomes with a more uniformly orange pileus, and latex that stains white paper yellow (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="407EA6D92E71D649E0DC78B99AE36AD3" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subviscidus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subviscidus">Lactarius subviscidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5F0319F4F4297A70C66192DFF794CAF5" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subviscidus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="subviscidus">Lactarius subviscidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
appears to be confined to the coastal forests of the Pacific Northwest of North America. According to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A95D29BE09336F3B9F5029DA61B986BE" author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, the European
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius sphagneti" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="sphagneti">Lactarius sphagneti</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="227050D65C6DC67125DABBC430DC3ECA" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius sphagneti" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="sphagneti">Lactarius sphagneti</taxonomicName>
|
||||
features a more distinctly two-toned pileus with a paler margin and darker center (although
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">Lactarius badiosanguineus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="062F71055DF8FC403673642F85F7E6CD" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">Lactarius badiosanguineus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
also often displays this character at least in the GYE) as well as more densely reticulate spores with a stronger amyloid reaction. The European
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius fulvissimus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="fulvissimus">Lactarius fulvissimus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="90E27A8B19B3B665AB9D78BF4CDB5B85" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius fulvissimus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="fulvissimus">Lactarius fulvissimus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
typically features basidiomes which are more orange overall, white latex which often turns yellow, basidiospores with an ornamentation of small pointed warts, and an ecology with deciduous trees such as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fagus" order="Fagales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Fagus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7A80943B50E461F06348C5D53245DB83" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Fagus" order="Fagales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Fagus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E391C48167F46BAD1FFFC492C2D6144D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Tilia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tilia" order="Malvales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Tilia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0DFF7D031F46233FF571BE5BE4F46851" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Tilia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tilia" order="Malvales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Tilia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Populus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A950684AFE0CBF1AEE41AA000F78B88D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus" order="Malpighiales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Populus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Corylus" order="Fagales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Corylus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B22DA607A86100E5AD19AD0358F228E6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Corylus" order="Fagales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Corylus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, more rarely with conifers (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EBDB621C3667F324DB66C9E3D806290F" author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Kraenzlin, F" journalOrPublisher="Verlag Mykologia Luzern" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 317" title="Fungi of Switzerland. Volume 6, Russulaceae" year="2005">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kränzlin">Kraenzlin</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="CF7B94CEB80D558C40FCA0452DDF01B9" author="Kraenzlin, F" journalOrPublisher="Verlag Mykologia Luzern" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 317" title="Fungi of Switzerland. Volume 6, Russulaceae" year="2005">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C6FD3B0DFD990B3939243AB619A72F7D" originalValue="Kränzlin">Kraenzlin</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2005
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">Lactarius badiosanguineus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<paragraph id="9EB5B8A8205FC3E37D107B6438C93A77" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E81383E1A8B9EB37D1B32EE0E2F240D4" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">Lactarius badiosanguineus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is also very similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius atrobadius" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="atrobadius">Lactarius atrobadius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="849ECA05655B55AC27EBFF7D2DDEBDD4" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius atrobadius" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="atrobadius">Lactarius atrobadius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm., reported from the Pacific coastal
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea sitchensis" order="Pinales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sitchensis">Picea sitchensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AF15C00E490BF706504BD3F028C4CBB7" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea sitchensis" order="Pinales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sitchensis">Picea sitchensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
belt in North America.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius atrobadius" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="atrobadius">Lactarius atrobadius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D8E065D33D764D4ABE422D06B47E9219" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius atrobadius" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="atrobadius">Lactarius atrobadius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
appears to have darker basidiomes, however, a more in depth molecular and morphological comparison between the two taxa is warranted.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lanceolatus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">Lactarius lanceolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="24756CECE0572CA46DD3D3E1E7DF0A5A" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius lanceolatus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="lanceolatus">Lactarius lanceolatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
O.K. Mill. & Laursen is also similar, however it typically produces basidiomes which are overall more orange with larger pleuromacrocystidia (73.5-127
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3D4E3EB4E34EBEBCD7F4AB4877FD26A0" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6.5-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="94EE465B1C8C2B0E2A8B23E69BFB70DE" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), and it occurs above tree line with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8590A439D8C6D75D486D964C957EE740" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. See comments under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="luculentus" variety="laetus">Lactarius luculentus v. laetus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AACCBB472EDD9274A21ADA9E30361B4C" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius luculentus var. laetus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="luculentus" variety="laetus">Lactarius luculentus v. laetus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm. for features distinguishing it from
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">Lactarius badiosanguineus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="092D47336520CAFF89919C99188F3EB7" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">Lactarius badiosanguineus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<caption id="4702C010A0C059A6DBCF723DF646B477" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
<paragraph id="BFD4A2D4BE5DF42FAE657A0118E062B7" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
|
||||
Figure 23.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">Lactarius badiosanguineus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9547B9B702106C48144F857D7A702701" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius badiosanguineus" order="Russulales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="badiosanguineus">Lactarius badiosanguineus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Top collection EB0069-14 under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3878547E37AC5DFFC8D891852B13C8A8" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Tobacco Root Mountains, Montana, USA. Bottom collection EB200-13 under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="36F5F6C7DCFA45DEECC094F14E50CAFF" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="09B15B9EC65B9D44E6E675EAE4B4FFFC" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies lasiocarpa" order="Pinales" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lasiocarpa">Abies lasiocarpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Gallatin Range, Montana, USA. Scale bars: 2 cm. Photos by E. Barge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,174 +1,174 @@
|
|||
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|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873129" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C7FBE8979FD20601E2E93DADAD02E9DF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C7FBE8979FD20601E2E93DADAD02E9DF" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
||||
<treatment id="C7FBE8979FD20601E2E93DADAD02E9DF" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873129" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C7FBE8979FD20601E2E93DADAD02E9DF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C7FBE8979FD20601E2E93DADAD02E9DF" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3DE0D85B8319D05CA16D7903B4707D04" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph id="EE7F506C4A3189E9C6D3E0C2F4A3D755" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="78631E5F51CD3B2D92C3D0E9E700AF21" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B2ACFC91A32238199D2F8A7AE0DDE484" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
4.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="Britzelm." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius repraesentaneus" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="repraesentaneus">Lactarius repraesentaneus Britzelm.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E8CB1FF3EB5969899E7C47476DDA2EF8" ID-CoL="3RS6Y" authority="Britzelm." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius repraesentaneus" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="repraesentaneus">Lactarius repraesentaneus Britzelm.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 6
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius repraesentaneus" order="Russulales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="repraesentaneus">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="13" pageNumber="14" start="start">Lactarius</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2C35186A4617176A16798FF779AAB5D6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9CB0F9A8B8095836A113837A82412AD2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3B8DDED4C72C65857F312C47D961F15A" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius repraesentaneus" order="Russulales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="repraesentaneus">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="350F2D00CB42BA845A394318B58D3A65" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" start="start">Lactarius</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
repraesentaneus
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
The following morphological description includes data from Colorado specimens listed in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Barge, EG" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="414 - 440" title="Systematics of the ectomycorrhizal genus Lactarius in the Rocky Mountains alpine zone." url="10.3852/15-177" volume="108" year="2016">Barge et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="FAD70483CEA8B4943729AE42AA47030B" author="Barge, EG" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="414 - 440" title="Systematics of the ectomycorrhizal genus Lactarius in the Rocky Mountains alpine zone." url="10.3852/15-177" volume="108" year="2016">Barge et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="F18A6E22B1447953CA7813EF3C914FE7" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E0549E3500D9A7C056F30287B0C37713" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="DF353774B75D6A68BB24524494B962A8" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
Pileus 60-100 mm in diameter, convex to plano-convex usually with a depressed center and sometimes with a papilla, smooth at center, becoming increasingly hairy to bearded toward margin, viscid to dry, azonate, surface orange-brown at center, becoming pale yellow-brown to cream toward margin; hairs pale yellow-brown to red-brown; margin strongly incurved, remaining so or becoming nearly straight in age. Lamellae adnate to decurrent, crowded, cream to pale-yellow, staining violet where damaged. Stipe 30-70
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="463D6DF4EE86D6D95F37D0D8A99E46A1" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
15-35 mm, stout, equal to clavate, viscid to dry, cream to pale-yellow, often with numerous dingy yellow, golden yellow, yellow-brown, or light orange-brown scrobicules, hollow. Context white, staining violet where damaged. Latex scarce to abundant, white, becoming violet. Odor spicy-floral, resinous. Taste resinous to slightly acrid.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="15" start="start">Basidiospores</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<paragraph id="104301B5D013E415171ACE5EC4279D59" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="DC28505BC38A290CD3C7F978341C4F5E" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" start="start">Basidiospores</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
8-10.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3B9DE2DF437DA8276E66B175C8AF4284" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6-8.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8B50E26232D4A185565DC9B1E10B7EE5" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = 1.1-1.4, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid; ornamentation forming an incomplete to dense reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 78.5-145
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="5D96A90995503B74521F6457FD077F75" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
9-13
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="AEBFA10C5B93B7CA9F34F1362F4F0874" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scattered to abundant, strongly projecting, subfusiform to lanceolate; apex acute to moniliform. Cheilomacrocystidia 56-140
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="81537D15D0A02AF27143568E92AE8FD9" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
7.5-13
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F79CA9DF1DF786019189D8FA71A55E5A" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scattered to abundant, strongly projecting, subfusiform to lanceolate; apex acute moniliform.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="77A729FC49F758D381F105BFFB6A763E" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1F39E63CA0E2DD579DC055BE74D8FCA3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B5C336DED120149483D11AEA982C970E" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||||
Widespread in the Northern Hemisphere in temperate, boreal, and arctic-alpine areas with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Picea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B358D100B228E9AE24F0E6D8E7048A91" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Picea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1F10081D56DE6671547AAC5F7F02D9AF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and possibly
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="50FC64A1E560BAA438765F0EF8E1CEDA" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In the GYE, it occurs in the spruce-fir and krummholz zone, typically near
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix glauca" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glauca">Salix glauca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5144303CBA01D196A4AF170FF0B3D42D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix glauca" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">Salix glauca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3C2957690F30D8DE116EC7F4866E9C4A" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, sometimes also intermixed with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Arctostaphylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arctostaphylos uva-ursi" order="Ericales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uva-ursi">Arctostaphylos uva-ursi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="13FFCFD25A522B81CD7477FAD021781C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Arctostaphylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arctostaphylos uva-ursi" order="Ericales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uva-ursi">Arctostaphylos uva-ursi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula glandulosa" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulosa">Betula glandulosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="395D9E0E431C1743A6ACA2A0BA1B63AB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula glandulosa" order="Fagales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulosa">Betula glandulosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, late summer.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D60364FB5A8615D25E727DD018BB0F3B" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6FE4BD3804BBCA2D9105A07224EACDBA" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="DD128AE170BD018B3FB36DC0B51DAF92" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||||
U.S.A. MONTANA: Carbon County, Beartooth Plateau, Birch Site, among
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix glauca" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glauca">Salix glauca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1B5F3671A724F0AA2A3514E1BAC6E459" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix glauca" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">Salix glauca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and krummholz
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E40882044FB45049818EB02AAC750CC1" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 12 Aug 2002, CLC1971 (MONT); 13 Aug 2007, CLC2318 (MONT); 18 Aug 2013, EB107-13 (MONT); Carbon County, Hellroaring Plateau, Hellroaring Creek, among
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Arctostaphylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arctostaphylos uva-ursi" order="Ericales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uva-ursi">Arctostaphylos uva-ursi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6726E8E402E7EDB7C8C9302A2A3B9213" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Arctostaphylos" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Arctostaphylos uva-ursi" order="Ericales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uva-ursi">Arctostaphylos uva-ursi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix glauca" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glauca">Salix glauca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECD6FDC5FB51DD65A6E643430233ED5D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix glauca" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">Salix glauca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and krummholz
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B27E37E6BE98AA5C160A9D0C63519D7E" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 9 Aug 2015, EB116-15 (MONT). WYOMING: Park County, Beartooth Plateau, Frozen Lakes, among
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix glauca" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glauca">Salix glauca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6E11A024F6D638C27D65963359399B53" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix glauca" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">Salix glauca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and krummholz
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1F54FF240529A6B3638DDBF773D5C2C5" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 21 Aug 1999, CLC1394 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="1E0793912C7AA271884C16315999879C" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D436D892D4BD1D13FC43688B15C31EA9" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6AE5300076A3E1BF6860942F0AC150FF" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||||
Due to its conspicuously bearded margin, and violet staining tissue,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius repraesentaneus" order="Russulales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="repraesentaneus">Lactarius repraesentaneus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="940B9770737AECE174E5AAF6437B8D36" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius repraesentaneus" order="Russulales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="repraesentaneus">Lactarius repraesentaneus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is difficult to confuse with anything else in the Rocky Mountains. It is very closely related to the arctic-alpine
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dryas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryas" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dryas</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D27C1B849CD3FF60D1C606CCA1A1F803" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Dryas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dryas" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dryas</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="31A94F150DD1C9B3044B6DDB993F0CF7" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
associate
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius dryadophilus" order="Russulales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="dryadophilus">Lactarius dryadophilus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kühner">Kuehner</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A796CB0A8824CF8C3FB055A27ED7E79D" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius dryadophilus" order="Russulales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="dryadophilus">Lactarius dryadophilus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2B9A468FC7C7B1E5138A81C997751E5B" originalValue="Kühner">Kuehner</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(Figure 2A), however, the latter features a cream to yellow, smoother pileus with hairs restricted to near the margin, and a basidiospore ornamentation consisting of sparse, thinner ridges (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C2EC31F0736B0D0253A877905BEDA976" author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius dryadophilus" order="Russulales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="dryadophilus">Lactarius dryadophilus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A011C819D85617C973E3E92E5543044A" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius dryadophilus" order="Russulales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="dryadophilus">Lactarius dryadophilus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="16" start="start">not</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="4C7A46F3972057F5DE5584B0F81C6388" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" start="start">not</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
been reported from the Rocky Mountains.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius repraesentaneus" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="repraesentaneus">Lactarius repraesentaneus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="11299DF75D1BB411E5EA6C551CA1EC20" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius repraesentaneus" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="repraesentaneus">Lactarius repraesentaneus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and other violet-staining species such as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius uvidus" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="uvidus">Lactarius uvidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EE2D94374571DD8C82DBE5921C14B793" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius uvidus" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="uvidus">Lactarius uvidus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fr.) Fr.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius aspideus" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aspideus">Lactarius aspideus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D783CCFF4754172D446528574A3DC894" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius aspideus" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="aspideus">Lactarius aspideus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fr.) Fr.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius salicis-reticulatae" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="salicis-reticulatae">Lactarius salicis-reticulatae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kühner">Kuehner</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E59EB3FA2570BE7D25363276259D8D0C" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius salicis-reticulatae" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="salicis-reticulatae">Lactarius salicis-reticulatae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0268D9ADC166BB9BAEAF682679CEE1F2" originalValue="Kühner">Kuehner</normalizedToken>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius montanus" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="montanus">Lactarius montanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="533C4996473457F73930B69B4AA6E9DC" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius montanus" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="montanus">Lactarius montanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Hesler & A.H. Sm.) Montoya & Bandala,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallidomarginatus" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallidomarginatus">Lactarius pallidomarginatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="481700146BD41DD0172F68BFD9B51FDA" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pallidomarginatus" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pallidomarginatus">Lactarius pallidomarginatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius brunneoviolaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9484F4BFE9811812DE4995193BC9909C" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius brunneoviolaceus" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="brunneoviolaceus">Lactarius brunneoviolaceus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
M.P. Christ., etc. occur together in a weakly supported clade, that corresponds with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="section" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius section" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="section" section="Uvidi" species="section">section Uvidi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8D06CC2797D77511E57F28B544F0FA14" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="section" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius section" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="section" section="Uvidi">section Uvidi</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Konr.) Bon (Figure 2A).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<caption id="74D8B87AC47A192D64E59297F3600003" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F0B8F72DA2005EC1790E41F4DC9F9D38" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
|
||||
Figure 6.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius repraesentaneus" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="repraesentaneus">Lactarius repraesentaneus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AECE821E0777729AAC73857FE43DCA51" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius repraesentaneus" order="Russulales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="repraesentaneus">Lactarius repraesentaneus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Collection EB107-13 near krummholz
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="55CC491532959D0C0C7233ADF402E1BA" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix glauca" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="glauca">Salix glauca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A0BDB1209E63B3CFEF3B09366707179B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Salix glauca" order="Malpighiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glauca">Salix glauca</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Beartooth Plateau, Montana, USA. Scale bar: 2 cm. Photo by E. Barge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,164 +1,164 @@
|
|||
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<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
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<treatment id="D250E3AF951058D8A6237F9A377008E3" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873126" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D250E3AF951058D8A6237F9A377008E3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D250E3AF951058D8A6237F9A377008E3" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
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<paragraph id="FA877DFC027D7EA403FFFE3A49BA4A2E" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
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||||
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|
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|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
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||||
15.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="A. H. Sm." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alnicola">Lactarius alnicola A.H. Sm.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B31FD901BC322C452DA5750F3F237A47" ID-CoL="3RRL7" authority="A. H. Sm." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola" order="Russulales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alnicola">Lactarius alnicola A.H. Sm.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 17
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D5CE636BB7DC86DE6949AF7930003F7F" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A9FF0D13F58A86EF2FDC6E9F3932C19E" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="70F05EAF22A9CB3E3243A42A5B47E1F7" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
Pileus 60-170 mm in diameter,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0C9066964D60DB9DE205696502E82DA3" originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to infundibuliform, glutinous when wet, with matted fibrils beneath the gluten especially near the margin,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="82F4B4CD047AAD7ADD98875A22D0FD26" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
faintly zonate, pale creamy yellow to pale
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="yellow–brown">yellow-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F24C0FD81E43B0C626278EB10E153344" originalValue="yellow–brown">yellow-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to golden
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="yellow–brown">yellow-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E7B3D1CCB0410058C2D9B16C54607919" originalValue="yellow–brown">yellow-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, discoloring
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="E61EBBDD0D8B537168BD6D01B83A8827" originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to brown where damaged; margin
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="565725F52A99AE6FA22B986D96DAE71A" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
faintly tomentose, incurved when young, becoming straight to wavy. Lamellae subdecurrent to decurrent, some forked toward the stipe, crowded, pale cream to pale buff,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A910807EC05CD4E7D6BD56F325D0A282" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
slowly discoloring yellow and eventually
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="57FC1D60ABA9C23A80DC8497A376E67E" originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
where damaged. Stipe 20-60
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A6B25DA7B4A35E93A5B8FFD37EEB7F4C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
30-50 mm, equal to clavate to tapering toward the base, smooth, dry, conspicuously scrobiculate, white, discoloring
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="357BCF775D6796E0E643C683204715A8" originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
where damaged or in age, solid, becoming hollow. Context firm, white,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="93D1D414A132017457748FEB324902D1" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
slowly discoloring yellow to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BD4535117717A43A18F2E54C8CCC5A3D" originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
where damaged. Latex scarce
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="31" pageNumber="32" start="start">to</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="034E40A93A381B3A6A26A0AB5DD0E861" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" start="start">to</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
undetectable, white,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="26F441AAFCEC6952A2A2362CF0951E0C" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
becoming very pale yellow, and slowly staining damaged tissue yellow. Odor mild to sweet. Taste quickly very acrid.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6B8B7C5B96D50C82875A36F90BE4681E" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
Basidiospores 7.5-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3DC5CD3CC705C63F46D58664DDE6FB04" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6-8.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="689117F623FBD97D5A6A9E86D3A7A0D2" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = 1.2-1.5, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid; ornamentation forming a partial reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 60-90
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="92BF70CE67C7EEEA5BDF0FC1044019BE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
3-8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DEE64AFD9788F51D6CF2E92EDBF5D8D9" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, rare, mostly near the pileus and between the lamellae, cylindric to fusiform; apex acute to moniliform. Cheilomacrocystidia absent.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="1717822E64462A9A398FA9D09AC14CA9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1BBE33EDD262B2117C8F70182830F478" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BE0A284B0644A41EB411E4E6EDCCBEB2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
In western North America and Mexico under conifers. Also reported from California with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A5C61C9906D937ADA42538340615B0D7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In the GYE,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alnicola">Lactarius alnicola</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7A73914A8562C821225DB3C0C06E5449" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alnicola">Lactarius alnicola</taxonomicName>
|
||||
occurs in wet areas, often along streams in the spruce-fir zone, possibly always in the presence of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="365B4647B270432400D78576B7D2A0E4" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, summer and early fall.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="89541DA02D6583D24758B1467CF6BE20" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5D4565085554E109BDFC083D7C4D4BE7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4F29DFBD97BA155CBCBA65BD5B76D3DB" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
U.S.A. MONTANA: Gallatin County, Gallatin Range, Langhor Road, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="42496129B814811C386B940F7DFCE692" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 27 Aug, EB0064-14 (MONT); Madison County, Tobacco Root Mountains, Branham Lakes, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FBBE7441308E25B9AC324934AB059300" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 1 Sept 2014, EB0067-14 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alnicola">Lactarius alnicola</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="BE11BAFB04B67A08B3C033131EBF4C61" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="07E37A3CE62162387B7F012955F3F8BD" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="AC55E97E0773CD1729CF225D21029BCA" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9EAAC95DFE05033363E93A1171B189BB" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alnicola">Lactarius alnicola</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is phylogenetically very closely related to the European
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius scrobiculatus" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="scrobiculatus">Lactarius scrobiculatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8B1E21B3848B0EB5D685E93DB73030D5" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius scrobiculatus" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="scrobiculatus">Lactarius scrobiculatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Scop.) Fr., and may be conspecific, however more specimens need to be sequenced before making this determination final (Figure 2B). For morphological differences,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius scrobiculatus" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="scrobiculatus">Lactarius scrobiculatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AF4A08EFB818E132B124CF7E630D90B4" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius scrobiculatus" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="scrobiculatus">Lactarius scrobiculatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
features a heavily bearded pileus margin, and produces white latex which rapidly turns yellow (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Kytoevuori, I" journalOrPublisher="Karstenia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="41 - 72" title="LactariussubsectionScrobiculati in NW Europe." volume="24" year="1984">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kytövuori">Kytoevuori</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="255D382BFEA5FF97C03ACC6296F8ECF7" author="Kytoevuori, I" journalOrPublisher="Karstenia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="41 - 72" title="LactariussubsectionScrobiculati in NW Europe." volume="24" year="1984">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6664C906F8CE3F0D00237C14A8958C16" originalValue="Kytövuori">Kytoevuori</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1984
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alnicola">Lactarius alnicola</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="740BFB0D0583E879B890263BB0C8672B" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alnicola">Lactarius alnicola</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and other members of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subsection" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subsection" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="subsection" species="subsection" subsection="Scrobiculati">subsection Scrobiculati</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="36A98DB356A4646ABE6699BE54CA4F4E" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="subsection" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius subsection" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="subsection" subsection="Scrobiculati">subsection Scrobiculati</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm. sensu
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Kytoevuori, I" journalOrPublisher="Karstenia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="41 - 72" title="LactariussubsectionScrobiculati in NW Europe." volume="24" year="1984">
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kytövuori">Kytoevuori</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1FBE79A97CB61A6495E9A6BFB1F56F92" author="Kytoevuori, I" journalOrPublisher="Karstenia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="41 - 72" title="LactariussubsectionScrobiculati in NW Europe." volume="24" year="1984">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="028ED448B94AA5ECBD61A64E7636CE6B" originalValue="Kytövuori">Kytoevuori</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(1984)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
form a strongly supported clade in the phylogeny (Figure 2B).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E7F2962CECE0C6AFD68F6910A28CFE2B" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
Two varieties of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alnicola">Lactarius alnicola</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D35F782E7815F5B9BF4F8C83B09DA679" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alnicola">Lactarius alnicola</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have been described:
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola var. pitkinensis" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="alnicola" variety="pitkinensis">Lactarius alnicola v. pitkinensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E06B0147C84E4A3442C0BFE8DAAAFB98" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola var. pitkinensis" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="alnicola" variety="pitkinensis">Lactarius alnicola v. pitkinensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm., described from Colorado under aspen and conifers, has cream colored to white basidiomes, an acrid taste, unchanging latex, and unchanging (non-yellowing) flesh;
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola var. pungens" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="alnicola" variety="pungens">Lactarius alnicola v. pungens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="60818131DDF8DFD2F00C1EA4975CC4B8" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="v." kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola var. pungens" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="variety" species="alnicola" variety="pungens">Lactarius alnicola v. pungens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hesler & A.H. Sm., described from Michigan in mixed forest, has a dull ochraceous to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="ochraceous–tan">ochraceous-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3C8082F4A79F2C3B840793A59C8EA509" originalValue="ochraceous–tan">ochraceous-tan</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, subviscid, glabrous pileus, an acrid taste, and white, unchanging latex, which stains white paper yellow (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7FC942FD5458AFFED9C93340B451EBC9" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Neither appear to fit the taxon described here.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<caption id="96B8FD2FFD1E15374E87F97CEB80CF78" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0D17DFF19547BE6B8E68DD8722EB4507" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||||
Figure 17.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alnicola">Lactarius alnicola</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="377EDD1680744F76356509B04CB256A2" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius alnicola" order="Russulales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="alnicola">Lactarius alnicola</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Top and bottom collection EB0064-14 under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1FF7DC093466DC87952610A068274FB4" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea engelmannii" order="Pinales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="engelmannii">Picea engelmannii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Gallatin Range, Montana, USA. Scale bars: 2 cm. Photos by E. Barge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,170 +1,170 @@
|
|||
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.15.9587" ID-GBIF-Dataset="769a955d-d535-4402-86fb-884b3c123298" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873127" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-15-1" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-4049-15-1" ModsDocOrigin="MycoKeys 15" ModsDocTitle="New reports, phylogenetic analysis, and a key to Lactarius Pers. in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem informed by molecular data" checkinTime="1473366568713" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Barge, Edward G. & Cripps, Cathy L." docDate="2016" docId="D5B0B36F01971B1924F1651DFD272BF9" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 15: 1-58" docOrigin="MycoKeys 15" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.15.9587" docTitle="Lactarius glyciosmus Fr." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="FFD1F118FFEC24262B7BCF2E5547923D" masterDocTitle="New reports, phylogenetic analysis, and a key to Lactarius Pers. in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem informed by molecular data" masterLastPageNumber="58" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1643499973714" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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||||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>New reports, phylogenetic analysis, and a key to Lactarius Pers. in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem informed by molecular data</mods:title>
|
||||
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<mods:title id="2E16168A8E8E33D3A7C2D4E90CA026B4">New reports, phylogenetic analysis, and a key to Lactarius Pers. in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem informed by molecular data</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Barge, Edward G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Cripps, Cathy L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3FAECF1E2B2EFA1C8248FD06CF764DAA">Cripps, Cathy L.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873127" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D5B0B36F01971B1924F1651DFD272BF9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D5B0B36F01971B1924F1651DFD272BF9" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="12" pageNumber="13" start="start">Taxon</pageBreakToken>
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<treatment id="D5B0B36F01971B1924F1651DFD272BF9" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873127" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D5B0B36F01971B1924F1651DFD272BF9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D5B0B36F01971B1924F1651DFD272BF9" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
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<pageBreakToken id="CE408CFB57C81639F4AE3060C48A420F" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" start="start">Taxon</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3EE46EB4EA35B55CE2DE30B80D16AF4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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||||
<paragraph id="4BA9AD5CA7AEA5F8CB49A785A93ADB38" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
3.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="(Fr.) Fr." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius glyciosmus" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="glyciosmus">Lactarius glyciosmus (Fr.) Fr.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EE58A96AF95B7A5938E09BA7B8F8B909" ID-CoL="3RRV5" authority="(Fr.) Fr." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius glyciosmus" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="glyciosmus">Lactarius glyciosmus (Fr.) Fr.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 5
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius glyciosmus" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="glyciosmus">Lactarius glyciosmus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="D0BEBC96C34B3D229019766F39B056AC" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F6D48AFC874371DFF0439411BB5ABB46" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BE8783343462F8CA08D7F403DE297657" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius glyciosmus" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="glyciosmus">Lactarius glyciosmus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
The following morphological description includes data from Colorado specimens listed in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Barge, EG" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="414 - 440" title="Systematics of the ectomycorrhizal genus Lactarius in the Rocky Mountains alpine zone." url="10.3852/15-177" volume="108" year="2016">Barge et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0C160F1DC280BA87A0D01F38A924725C" author="Barge, EG" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="414 - 440" title="Systematics of the ectomycorrhizal genus Lactarius in the Rocky Mountains alpine zone." url="10.3852/15-177" volume="108" year="2016">Barge et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="8B4FC90655EA2A4D820690C5E6F5283C" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9F82270B1926F076051BB594E442407B" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6EA1A03E3F22E787617E6A2EA410E38A" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
Pileus 15-50 mm in diameter, broadly convex, later becoming plane with or without a depressed center and small papilla, smooth, dry, azonate to lightly zoned especially near the margin, pale gray-brown to violet-brown with a whitish glaucous coating when immature, fading in age; margin incurved when young and remaining so or becoming straight in age. Lamellae adnate to subdecurrent, subdistant to crowded, cream to pale pinkish to pale yellow-orange. Stipe 10-40
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A1D3F011AAF0C1AE509D14293D129459" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
3-12 mm, equal to slightly clavate, central to eccentric, smooth, dry, buff or pale salmon with a faint glaucous coating at first as in pileus, stuffed, becoming hollow, often white-mycelioid toward the base. Context pale cream. Latex scarce to undetectable, watery, white, unchanging. Odor of coconut. Taste mild to slightly acrid.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B6F6A6741694947CBE9BBAB67D6C6B2E" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
Basidiospores 7-9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9610DDB6B2E98E84FCFB66E624C8C32E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5-7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="161045CE079C39D057DEA7067955167D" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = 1.2-1.4, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid, ornamentation forming an incomplete to nearly complete reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 45.5-63.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9803DB8DF6BFC5B02596DABAC9B5FE58" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6.5-7.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="28032003C171B5E3AF422DC45865E92F" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scarce to scattered, subclavate to lanceolate; apex rounded to mucronate. Cheilomacrocystidia 33-66
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="48479D8E7A859DC0C4F2706E6F725ACA" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5-9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="EF5D8ADAC45F210DB843B08E7368FFCA" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, scattered to abundant, cylindrical to subclavate; apex rounded.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="1B0DC1A41C6B3406C8A60A4ADB680157" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="72AA8881D099C43259050A0E35E8D5E5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8DD82B3E8A2B0F8A3F3FD4F4204A905C" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
Widespread in the Northern Hemisphere in temperate, boreal, and arctic-alpine areas with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="170E8594C7BAFEA87790C5328ADDE299" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In the GYE and elsewhere in the Rocky Mountains, it occurs in subalpine and alpine areas with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula glandulosa" order="Fagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulosa">Betula glandulosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2FCF2FD6FFCB3F8C9D31B7A787330836" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula glandulosa" order="Fagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulosa">Betula glandulosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and possibly other
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CB8850C54BA0EBE7D37581BD7516B219" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
spp., late summer.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="A2AF586D6B8234454027F5C4542EFB2D" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3F907924564AB17CEAFEDEB5268AF0A6" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="FF9CAA4694B2B9F2858EB49F4837D414" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
U.S.A. MONTANA: Carbon County, Beartooth Plateau, Birch Site, near
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula glandulosa" order="Fagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulosa">Betula glandulosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0ED84FF5EFC0AC353D3D64F2891BAA93" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula glandulosa" order="Fagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulosa">Betula glandulosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 29 July 1997, CLC1134 = ZT6096 (MONT); 8 Aug 1998, CLC1217 (MONT); 10 Aug 1999, TWO269 (MONT); 19 Aug 1999, CLC1380 (MONT); 13 Aug 2007, ZT12723 (MONT); Carbon County, Hellroaring Plateau, Hellroaring Creek, near
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula glandulosa" order="Fagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulosa">Betula glandulosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5BD3DF10E9F9EA7C6F6EA0AA594ECC73" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula glandulosa" order="Fagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulosa">Betula glandulosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 9 Aug 2015, EB111-15 (MONT). WYOMING: Park County, Beartooth Plateau, Island Lake, near
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula glandulosa" order="Fagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulosa">Betula glandulosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="00F8CE94CE1F3C99D138164C99AF9CCF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula glandulosa" order="Fagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulosa">Betula glandulosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 6 Sept 2015, EB160-15 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius glyciosmus" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="glyciosmus">Lactarius glyciosmus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3343A1DF21DE629870C0285F5EE6E07D" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="B7FFDDEE8818D9E35803C538E29860F7" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Discussion.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D99EA2F76A808D0A4B13BFD54FC0D9F1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DB2EB759E5452FBD41BFC35F25FF3100" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius glyciosmus" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="glyciosmus">Lactarius glyciosmus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is very closely related to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius mammosus" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="mammosus">Lactarius mammosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4972430C35A8128C18ED7B22C9CE4641" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius mammosus" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="mammosus">Lactarius mammosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fr. (Figure 2A), however, the latter has a browner pileus, stouter stature, and ecology with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Pinaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="family">Pinaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="59C8EA4BC9B0BB245FDBD7CFC3FA5511" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lactarius" order="Pinales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Pinaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(although it has been reported with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="645DC96CF03151E3E062D8053FFE6A93" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="20042CF97BB7E5001323992567521026" author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius vietus" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="vietus">Lactarius vietus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FE147543E155C162BA6C55E503E79E45" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius vietus" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="vietus">Lactarius vietus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fr.) Fr. has a distinct pale zone near the stipe apex, latex that dries greenish gray, longer pleuromacrocystidia (50-90
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
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<normalizedToken id="D7D334D58063268DC31BB4279A008DDD" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
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7-12
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="27393F3DAB8B572CD3E50133FFF93E2F" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), a mild to slightly fruity odor, and a strongly acrid taste (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="50F924689EF8EFC28E5484B0ECA54C17" author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The presence of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius mammosus" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="mammosus">Lactarius mammosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CD933D1AC5A90328F506AE3481FC410E" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius mammosus" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="mammosus">Lactarius mammosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius vietus" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="vietus">Lactarius vietus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="108472412BBB307597B0C0C01FBB0F6F" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius vietus" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="vietus">Lactarius vietus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the Rocky Mountains is unclear.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius trivialis" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="trivialis">Lactarius trivialis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D79466AA7FBB072D5B27AC265D4DA19E" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius trivialis" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="trivialis">Lactarius trivialis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fr.) Fr., which has been reported from the GYE (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="McKnight, KH" journalOrPublisher="Grand Teton Library and Museum Association" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 21" title="Checklist of mushrooms and other fungi of Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks" year="1982">McKnight 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="494D5ABA03551AABA2569D2CD530BB5A" author="McKnight, KH" journalOrPublisher="Grand Teton Library and Museum Association" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 21" title="Checklist of mushrooms and other fungi of Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks" year="1982">McKnight 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), but could not be confirmed, is typically larger with slightly larger basidiospores (7.3-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1A16F22290057A29FECD926FB3F3C4CE" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5.9-7.8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="34E61479CBCA2E3D13F6B92236484518" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), more numerous pleuromacrocystidia, and a mild to acidic-fruity odor (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EE27B434B999EB3CD79088CB3607F887" author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius nanus" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="nanus">Lactarius nanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has larger basidiospores (7
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–10.5(–">-10.5(-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8F9BE20F8985008CB0C10F223B726D09" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius nanus" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="nanus">Lactarius nanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has larger basidiospores (7
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="57B9FEB4B5EC4792A976A7E0F5F689E3" originalValue="–10.5(–">-10.5(-</normalizedToken>
|
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12)
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="7A0ED3A1AC397FC8DAB9ABE9EDE7C324" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5-8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), larger and differently shaped pleuromacrocystidia (53
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–96.5(–">-96.5(-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="24DF37ED5EB2DBFD71DA4281122E922B" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), larger and differently shaped pleuromacrocystidia (53
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A491E587C972C811012A4C629E1DC101" originalValue="–96.5(–">-96.5(-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
114)
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="6985A630762EE10554C65E8E89C23FF3" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6.5-11.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="BA0DEE4645DB8B3085CA816C3E6C7D39" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), a mild odor, and associates with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3ABAB9AEBABB5989392A7321712E2613" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<caption id="A97161BD4303A875DBE47403B8DA95DE" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<paragraph id="BD4EC91D3B9439AD7AA8219E16D6259E" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
Figure 5.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius glyciosmus" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="glyciosmus">Lactarius glyciosmus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A7700F670439D6C34F41A7504C7F7D0C" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius glyciosmus" order="Russulales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="glyciosmus">Lactarius glyciosmus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Collection EB111-15 under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula glandulosa" order="Fagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulosa">Betula glandulosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FA02B847F7D380CD1C77B2CDFE298DA1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula glandulosa" order="Fagales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandulosa">Betula glandulosa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Hellroaring Plateau, Montana, USA. Scale bar: 2 cm. Photo by E. Barge.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,217 +1,217 @@
|
|||
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
|
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<treatment id="EE1E052674B59D9B92ED751716C1BEBE" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127873125" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EE1E052674B59D9B92ED751716C1BEBE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EE1E052674B59D9B92ED751716C1BEBE" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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<paragraph id="3C90D4A8A8F61A2B378720811B879722" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Taxon classification Fungi Russulales Russulaceae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
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||||
12.
|
||||
<taxonomicName authority="A. H. Sm." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudodelicatus" order="Russulales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudodelicatus">Lactarius pseudodelicatus A.H. Sm.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5E134AA4418EE3EA099140EEF2FB8EA8" ID-CoL="3RS5P" authority="A. H. Sm." class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudodelicatus" order="Russulales" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudodelicatus">Lactarius pseudodelicatus A.H. Sm.</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Figure 14
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="26" pageNumber="27" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
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||||
<subSubSection id="3319BA030BF63D9B96854F20F481AC93" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F49640B62AD7F3438336BCC44C104E2F" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="CFC5C6F14E4EF7F4FFFD6E11D29886A0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<paragraph id="AE8FAB513CF23BD0ACE0D20AB9D15528" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
Pileus 70-140 mm in diameter, broadly
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9668B18CDE005BC93970CFC2BFC85835" originalValue="depressed–convex">depressed-convex</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to broadly infundibuliform, viscid to dry, smooth to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="matted–tomentose">matted-tomentose</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="25113BC0FF53305773B2AB7E9F22389C" originalValue="matted–tomentose">matted-tomentose</normalizedToken>
|
||||
especially near the margin, zonate to faintly zonate,
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="yellow–buff">yellow-buff</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DB164A708ED813882E61D2F189D4613D" originalValue="yellow–buff">yellow-buff</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to buff to pale
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A9564E253A1063077749323F7F6F819B" originalValue="orange–brown">orange-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, lighter toward the margin; margin incurved and
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="matted–tomentose">matted-tomentose</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="FD78CE85E4C40FE2EDC4D3A05D2F3798" originalValue="matted–tomentose">matted-tomentose</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="cottony–tomentose">cottony-tomentose</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0C154DF15DB8B803DDC79701482F028C" originalValue="cottony–tomentose">cottony-tomentose</normalizedToken>
|
||||
when young, remaining so or becoming straight and
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2FF39A5BE5B54C187E84494B60855D44" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
glabrous in age. Lamellae subdecurrent to decurrent, many of them branching, crowded, white to pale cream when young, becoming
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–buff">orange-buff</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CB4D4055C5DE46F861A670709A1CA3FD" originalValue="orange–buff">orange-buff</normalizedToken>
|
||||
to brown to
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="gray–brown">gray-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="583C154A7263BB71601B611FD875AB54" originalValue="gray–brown">gray-brown</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in age. Stipe 20-90
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="FA4ED600A6E7EC631AD569CE416D7062" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
15-20 mm, tapering toward the base, smooth, white to pale buff, discoloring brown, often with scattered small scrobicules, hollow. Context firm. Latex copious, white, unchanging. Odor pleasant, fruity, of
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="orange–citrus">orange-citrus</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="2866D40C905388C27502EC4E5E850BF2" originalValue="orange–citrus">orange-citrus</normalizedToken>
|
||||
. Taste acrid.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<paragraph id="E8B08E85614DB6271196313D999BB76C" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
Basidiospores 6-8
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F7F82663B74D32E2CD34F1ADBD5686E0" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5-6.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="FBB2CEEEFFA93FC8197AF5D32ED6A8C7" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, Q = 1.2-1.5, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid; ornamentation forming a broken to partial reticulum. Pleuromacrocystidia 60-100
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="46D4FC4EC05237C46888D684EF90EE46" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
7-12
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="9AF57812BE63C1C7A2801813F5DE54A4" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, numerous, strongly projecting, fusiform; apex acute. Cheilomacrocystidia 40-61
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A36CD10A48362C577B09E12DE7EAB313" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
7-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="58D91CC1591094DEE75BACB59D659B24" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, numerous, strongly projecting, fusiform; apex acute.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="5F966B6BB3BE82E4094AB0DA7E732782" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D502A6134C07A71EFFF8378BEC0EEEA" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Ecology and distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7398E4C3B478C90F1E751C92F3EA7383" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
Originally described from Michigan under aspen. There are very few subsequent reports. In the GYE, it is here reported with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="97E64DA4E49C4AA081B87BB8B450E370" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the Teton Range of Idaho, summer.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="187BFC4B2D5BDABD60D064FB96E230F2" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="CEC8F86B68A4A1C97292249545532A7B" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C7E4B739CFFCEC36B1F276182D145F02" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||||
U.S.A. IDAHO: Teton County, Teton, under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5055D6629ED42AC0E1D351EA8760436B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 27 July 1991, CLC233 (MONT), 24 Aug 1991, CLC296 (MONT), 26 July 1992, CLC512 (MONT).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="27" pageNumber="28" start="start">Discussion</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0923A0B34A48878882C4A40EB1087B3B" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="AD9342F703C66871116CF83B58E16A01" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="EB73D182A974D480187E30D7A01AFA1F" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" start="start">Discussion</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<paragraph id="CEA5DA6CA4A39910E9EB7413EE5CA8A9" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
This represents the first report of this species from the GYE under the name
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudodelicatus" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudodelicatus">Lactarius pseudodelicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="553C03433FC9D4AD463D05A9AFD9B95A" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudodelicatus" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudodelicatus">Lactarius pseudodelicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. It was previously reported from the GYE as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius zonarius" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="zonarius">Lactarius cf. zonarius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="245E9CC7B2A02C4612608D106AD502DC" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius zonarius" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="zonarius">Lactarius cf. zonarius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fr. in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Cripps, CL" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Botany" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1414 - 1420" title="Ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with aspen on three sites in the north-central Rocky Mountains." url="10.1139/b93-170" volume="71" year="1993">Cripps and Miller (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="79BC238F33E1D2E1ADF87BA53D02F8B4" author="Cripps, CL" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Botany" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1414 - 1420" title="Ectomycorrhizal fungi associated with aspen on three sites in the north-central Rocky Mountains." url="10.1139/b93-170" volume="71" year="1993">Cripps and Miller (1993)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Cripps (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A5BD19803E8F7E8403FC95B6A3B0ACEC" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Cripps (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. The European
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius zonarius" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="zonarius">Lactarius zonarius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8DB44B883429650E04F11B56275303B2" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius zonarius" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="zonarius">Lactarius zonarius</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has slightly larger basidiospores (6.3-9.2
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="214D5B8A9C9591BD8D46EC205D69054C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5.1-7.4
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="DACB888F66DDF8F6E2EF4EC3FFDA82D5" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), shorter pleuromacrocystidia (40-50
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="AAB976D5C19443D1B38A761CC3B7ACC3" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
4-6
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="1264FB4A0E100F8A891297195A7C4FC0" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), and an ecology with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3003C28765545F7381AA33305E38DC45" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3C017F7F995E2077614D7AF4F1BC4D2C" author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7C550BD1A909EA5516608AA93C25180B" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
Molecularly,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudodelicatus" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudodelicatus">Lactarius pseudodelicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CF5B31DAA8CD052C475114DDD51EFBCF" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudodelicatus" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudodelicatus">Lactarius pseudodelicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is very close to a specimen identified as
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius wenquanensis" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="wenquanensis">Lactarius aff. wenquanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3DB7A6E847002A63CFD1612ED8D8E9F3" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius wenquanensis" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="wenquanensis">Lactarius aff. wenquanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Y. Wang & Z.X. Xie, from a humid montane rainforest with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="858C3C2372DB86BA84220BF3C13BE2D2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Castanopsis" order="Fagales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Castanopsis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7FBBC8741B349C967E101248170E183F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanopsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Castanopsis" order="Fagales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Castanopsis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Lithocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lithocarpus echinops" order="Fagales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="echinops">Lithocarpus echinops</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8A3940D78DE68DBDE2F83D2F12B1C289" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Lithocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lithocarpus echinops" order="Fagales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="echinops">Lithocarpus echinops</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Hjelmq. in Thailand (Figure 2B) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Le, HT" journalOrPublisher="Fungal Diversity" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="173 - 224" title="Lactarius in Northern Thailand: 1. LactariussubgenusPiperites." volume="24" year="2007">Le et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D9767A886CC8779A7F14003BEBF9006F" author="Le, HT" journalOrPublisher="Fungal Diversity" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="173 - 224" title="Lactarius in Northern Thailand: 1. LactariussubgenusPiperites." volume="24" year="2007">Le et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius wenquanensis" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="wenquanensis">Lactarius aff. wenquanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2F4FF668442B0390498DADCCD44BBBE3" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius wenquanensis" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="wenquanensis">Lactarius aff. wenquanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
appears to be less robust with shorter pleuromacrocystidia (54-76
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C86FE3CEBC6A3AFB7B068868A876D504" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
9.5-12
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D7583B3D979E2146E21FBDBBBA226844" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
); it also appears to have a different ecology.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius wenquanensis" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="wenquanensis">Lactarius wenquanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="14CF2B884FB9775C79F1C6ADE20171D7" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius wenquanensis" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="wenquanensis">Lactarius wenquanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Y. Wang & Z.X. Xie, originally described from China has larger basidiospores (7.5-9.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(6
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="–)6.5–">-)6.5-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="80EA5A7A269E717D7110B0146E825A97" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
(6
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="245ECD211A4FF40720587DF8BC0A63E2" originalValue="–)6.5–">-)6.5-</normalizedToken>
|
||||
7.5
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="66BB4675A270234C32383311567D4260" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) and the type was collected under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea" order="Pinales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Picea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="106912E04BCB5C578532203EB4DDDC41" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Picea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Picea" order="Pinales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Picea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies" order="Pinales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Abies</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4BBB701401695A6B9B2D95EE29B7D8CF" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies" order="Pinales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Abies</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, as opposed to aspen (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Wang, XH" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="253 - 268" title="Type studies of Lactarius species published from China." url="10.3852/mycologia.99.2.253" volume="99" year="2007">Wang 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A16175BA44571160A10F7A7F26625A10" author="Wang, XH" journalOrPublisher="Mycologia" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" pagination="253 - 268" title="Type studies of Lactarius species published from China." url="10.3852/mycologia.99.2.253" volume="99" year="2007">Wang 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius torminosus" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="torminosus">Lactarius torminosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EAA9594DE86ECC11440CBC1EBDAE7FC4" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius torminosus" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="torminosus">Lactarius torminosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Schaeff.) Gray is closely related to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudodelicatus" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudodelicatus">Lactarius pseudodelicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DA4CC71CF509250DAED8F7C52551E145" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudodelicatus" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudodelicatus">Lactarius pseudodelicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fig. 2B), however,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius torminosus" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="torminosus">Lactarius torminosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D7034023960F82A3BD2CC4956275017F" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius torminosus" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="torminosus">Lactarius torminosus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
typically has smaller basidiomes, a more pink to brick pileus, slightly larger basidiospores (7.5-9.6
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="77A4DB3C014808A6EA6337344931583D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
5.6-6.9
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="223C43FD969F7C6E6082792D2D5690EC" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
), and associates with
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="70C9913B650464F12C860E9A5E6DBDCF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Betula" order="Fagales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Betula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9E818BAEDE5D8B23C8799BD7D0189768" author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pubescens" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pubescens">Lactarius pubescens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="BDB632276679A6D20AE56140306225C9" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pubescens" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pubescens">Lactarius pubescens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fr. is also closely related to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudodelicatus" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudodelicatus">Lactarius pseudodelicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6F78C857689CE11378E362E19466D61F" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudodelicatus" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudodelicatus">Lactarius pseudodelicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Figure 2B), and both associate with aspen in similar habitats.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pubescens" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pubescens">Lactarius pubescens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FAC28EC51EF86FFB483F43EE122D6C59" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pubescens" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pubescens">Lactarius pubescens</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is typically less robust and features a more pale pileus, a non-scrobiculate stipe, and smaller pleuromacrocystidia (30-60
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="4C534016C852AE1D0A619E257792F436" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||||
6.5-10
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8F69B51E58B60A729E683D07DDD2B0DB" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BFA9A9E2DA6F922B45D908AD928B6A5D" author="Heilmann-Clausen, J" journalOrPublisher="Danish Mycological Society" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 287" title="The genus Lactarius" year="1998">Heilmann-Clausen et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius delicatus" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="delicatus">Lactarius delicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C4743F7A0B1789F89D02E1882E41CE03" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius delicatus" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="delicatus">Lactarius delicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Burl., described from a deciduous forest in Eastern North America produces white latex that turns yellow (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8761106417E40B66495804AF135C9040" author="Hesler, LR" journalOrPublisher="University of Michigan Press" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" pagination="1 - 841" title="North American species of Lactarius" year="1979">Hesler and Smith 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<caption id="88C65630062985CB533CC43423BC6D34" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C089E35D8422590E0B1C9DF1E38B7748" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
Figure 14.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudodelicatus" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudodelicatus">Lactarius pseudodelicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5A2F33FE0B741341B5AFB4DAA2FDD846" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Russulaceae" genus="Lactarius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Lactarius pseudodelicatus" order="Russulales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pseudodelicatus">Lactarius pseudodelicatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Collection CLC512 under
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F6A94E8F229455E8661ECC6489AB0AB9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Populus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Populus tremuloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tremuloides">Populus tremuloides</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Teton Range, Idaho, USA. Scale bar: 2 cm. Photo by C. Cripps.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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Reference in a new issue