119 lines
16 KiB
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119 lines
16 KiB
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<mods:title id="E2104029AB77F24CD15B0864077C1A16">Molecular identification and larval morphology of spionid polychaetes (Annelida, Spionidae) from northeastern Japan</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="38C11053DC86B75309DE1CB1B34C77D7">Abe, Hirokazu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="49F15097D808C9143BCF70E54AC7A941">Department of Biology, Center for Liberal Arts & Sciences, Iwate Medical University, Idaidori 1 - 1 - 1, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028 - 3694, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="99EFD8577163C0AEBA5F49190FD29581" type="email">habe@iwate-med.ac.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="CE67821AD9BC1EFAC3F855405B39C1B2">Sato-Okoshi, Waka</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5DC4EA975892044AAEA36911B39B00D3">Laboratory of Biological Oceanography, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba 468 - 1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980 - 8572, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="503700EB2EFB649DCA2000A881D91491">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="3A619DBB484F09E9AC1BA6B55ECD371D">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="12511C7054B501372E6CF94A24537BCB">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C3287ED799163E5D1CFDD1E0EBD18B82">2021-02-04</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="14134B0B65DACFE26D20DB77838E2602">1015</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="4C40C0EA45379AC93CB8275021D3C086">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="3B4C2ABFB49A1C51628EF1DF87324A12" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="3170EFC77FFB56E1A64CB53FB9BCF226" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177212521" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3170EFC77FFB56E1A64CB53FB9BCF226" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3170EFC77FFB56E1A64CB53FB9BCF226" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Spionidae" scope_phylum="Annelida" scope_subFamily="Spioninae">
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<subSubSection id="1B21266051C6B1511FD410BD72B91CB9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="694D545604CD9421AA52358C2645E3F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="E9F0C830D6E702578175704B023C042D" ID-CoL="85RXC" LSID="3170EFC7-7FFB-56E1-A64C-B53FB9BCF226" authority="Simon, Sato-Okoshi & Abe, 2017" authorityName="Simon, Sato-Okoshi & Abe" authorityYear="2017" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Pseudopolydora" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudopolydora tsubaki" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tsubaki">Pseudopolydora tsubaki Simon, Sato-Okoshi & Abe, 2017</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="C1CC238B3886094AFDD3DE8E1C4FEC2E" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 9. Light micrographs showing the morphologies of living spionid larvae of genera Pseudopolydora and Spio A, B Pseudopolydora aff. achaeta, dorsal view of 12 - chaetiger (A) and 25 - chetiger larvae (B) C Pseudopolydora cf. kempi, dorsolateral view of 12 - chetiger larva D Pseudopolydora paucibranchiata, dorsal view of 13 - chaetiger larva E, F Pseudopolydora cf. reticulata, dorsal view of 17 - chaetiger (E) and 16 - chaetiger larvae (F) G, H Pseudopolydora tsubaki, dorsal view of 5 - chaetiger (G) and 11 - chaetiger larvae (H) I Pseudopolydora sp., dorsal view of 7 - chaetiger larva J, K Spio sp. 1, dorsal view of 8 - chaetiger (J) and lateral view of 12 - chaetiger larvae (K) L-N Spio sp. 2, dorsal view of 10 - chaetiger (L) and 17 - chaetiger larvae (M), and 17 - chaetiger metamorphosing larvae (N). Scale bars: 300 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/505196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 9G, H</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C7CE07506B08FCFC7BAB5884E32FABBD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larval morphology">
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<paragraph id="277ECF8BBEA7D7D5A66514AB72BD8216" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larval morphology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="362DEF58774F284989C0D9D09719AC9D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Overall larval shape fusiform, head region enlarged due to broad prostomium and expanded lateral lips of vestibule. Prostomium gently notched anteriorly. Three pairs of black eyes present, comprising one pair of rounded median eyes, one pair of large lateral eyes, and one pair of large anterior eyes. Lateral and anterior pairs of eyes link with each other and form dumbbell-shapes almost divided into two equal parts by a deep constriction. Mid-dorsal ramified melanophore present on chaetiger I in early larvae. Mid-dorsal melanophore on chaetiger I occasionally absent or expanded to finely ramified melanophore in late larvae. A paired of melanophores occur dorso-laterally from chaetiger II onwards, usually finely ramified in late larvae (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="42A1AFF6B8663692BE8774CE76B6B73F" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 9. Light micrographs showing the morphologies of living spionid larvae of genera Pseudopolydora and Spio A, B Pseudopolydora aff. achaeta, dorsal view of 12 - chaetiger (A) and 25 - chetiger larvae (B) C Pseudopolydora cf. kempi, dorsolateral view of 12 - chetiger larva D Pseudopolydora paucibranchiata, dorsal view of 13 - chaetiger larva E, F Pseudopolydora cf. reticulata, dorsal view of 17 - chaetiger (E) and 16 - chaetiger larvae (F) G, H Pseudopolydora tsubaki, dorsal view of 5 - chaetiger (G) and 11 - chaetiger larvae (H) I Pseudopolydora sp., dorsal view of 7 - chaetiger larva J, K Spio sp. 1, dorsal view of 8 - chaetiger (J) and lateral view of 12 - chaetiger larvae (K) L-N Spio sp. 2, dorsal view of 10 - chaetiger (L) and 17 - chaetiger larvae (M), and 17 - chaetiger metamorphosing larvae (N). Scale bars: 300 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/505196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9H</figureCitation>
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). Ramified melanophores cover almost entire ventral surface on chaetigers III-VII in 11-chaetiger larvae. Black pigment spots on sides of peristomium absent. Conspicuous large black pigment on pygidium. Gastrotrochs on chaetigers V and VII in 11-chaetiger larvae.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BAE3865EB3FFF8CC2235BB3638C97485" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="85619D99DE87AC9B2176B904BC83D29F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A7510CF19EBFFA2741FEAE773C7D9C3F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Adult individuals were collected from mud deposits in crevices of shells of living
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<taxonomicName id="42223661CF43BBFC79542FFD51C5315F" lsidName="C. gigas" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="gigas">
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<emphasis id="013F4F2E532B6C8DFB4D456EEF186083" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. gigas</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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oysters in Habu Port, Izu-Oshima Island, and Tomiura, Boso Peninsula in April 2016. Adult morphology agrees with the description of
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<taxonomicName id="FE20BF5E6FCEF4674B3DD69C177D4F99" authorityName="Simon, Sato-Okoshi & Abe" authorityYear="2017" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Pseudopolydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudopolydora tsubaki" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tsubaki">
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<emphasis id="3C5A8B8BFA52237B414B1727FD62F50D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudopolydora tsubaki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="EEEBBBEDEF1D5769371E3786A3D3A7F6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-017-0751-y" author="Simon, CA" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biodiversity" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="25 - 42" refId="B202" refString="Simon, CA, Sato-Okoshi, W, Abe, H, 2019a. Hidden diversity within the cosmopolitan species Pseudopolydora antennata (Claparede, 1869) (Spionidae: Annelida). Marine Biodiversity 49: 25 - 42, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-017-0751-y" title="Hidden diversity within the cosmopolitan species Pseudopolydora antennata (Claparede, 1869) (Spionidae: Annelida)." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-017-0751-y" volume="49" year="2019 a">Simon et al. (2019a)</bibRefCitation>
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. Therefore, these individuals were identified as
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<taxonomicName id="FFB706411FBE4A6FCF18A05B365E38EF" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. tsubaki" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tsubaki">
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<emphasis id="DE103565288397B0C91E953EE11D19D1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. tsubaki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The larvae and adults were confirmed to 100% match using molecular data (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="954C205605C6A5D38F449A55CCE2D1A0" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Maximum Likelihood tree inferred from nuclear 18 S and mitochondrial 16 S rRNA gene sequences of spionids obtained from Japan in the present and previous studies (provided in Table 1). The gene sequences of adult and larval spionid polychaetes are indicated by solid squares and circles in front of each species name, respectively. SH-aLRT / approximate Bayes support / ultrafast bootstrap support values of ≥ 80 %, ≥ 0.95, ≥ 95 %, respectively are given beside the respective nodes. Nodes with red circles indicate triple high support values of SH-aLRT ≥ 80, approximate Bayes support ≥ 0.95, and ultrafast bootstrap support ≥ 95. The scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site. Sequences of Laonome sp. and Sabella pavonina Savigny, 1822 obtained from DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank were used for outgroup rooting." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/505188" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FDA936650622EE3A3CC431ED718A66DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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A small number of planktonic larvae of this species were collected in Habu Port and Tomiura in May and June 2016. The larvae of
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<taxonomicName id="8658D4D17CBF88636E7E535F727E4524" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. tsubaki" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tsubaki">
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<emphasis id="6080C2E65540DB0ACE06C97DDEB16B77" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. tsubaki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are similar to those of
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<taxonomicName id="980A5C319B384266C5CBD5D19F8581C7" baseAuthorityName="Carazzi" baseAuthorityYear="1893" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Pseudopolydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudopolydora pulchra" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pulchra">
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<emphasis id="2A5CFE9DD85E0BEE4F63AC230BEE3C89" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudopolydora pulchra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Carazzi, 1893) in having ramified melanophores covering the ventral side; however, these cover only the central part of the body in the former species, whereas those of latter species cover the ventral surface almost entirely (
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<bibRefCitation id="F0340A2EC91F5976B582690707B6EC76" author="Hannerz, L" journalOrPublisher="Zoologiska bidrag fran Uppsala" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 204" refId="B67" refString="Hannerz, L, 1956. Larval development of the polychaete families Spionidae Sars, Disomidae Mensil, and Poecilochaetidae n. fam. in the Gullmar Fjord (Sweden). Zoologiska bidrag fran Uppsala 31: 1 - 204" title="Larval development of the polychaete families Spionidae Sars, Disomidae Mensil, and Poecilochaetidae n. fam. in the Gullmar Fjord (Sweden)." volume="31" year="1956">Hannerz 1956</bibRefCitation>
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, as
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<taxonomicName id="56D9554DF91B3E8978DEC0859314CB2B" baseAuthorityName="Carazzi" baseAuthorityYear="1893" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polydora pulchra" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pulchra">
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<emphasis id="8874D5556C4FDCFECB3FF11D2F40E16C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polydora pulchra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="B22FC84B417ED600667B937A671CA305" author="Rullier, F" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de Biolgie Marine" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="233 - 250" refId="B175" refString="Rullier, F, 1963. Developpement de Polydora (Carazzia) antennata Clap. var. pulchra Carazzi. Cahiers de Biolgie Marine 4: 233 - 250" title="Developpement de Polydora (Carazzia) antennata Clap. var. pulchra Carazzi." volume="4" year="1963">Rullier 1963</bibRefCitation>
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, as
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<taxonomicName id="456A9202217C228BAC9041EA745DA7D9" baseAuthorityName="Carazzi" baseAuthorityYear="1893" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polydora pulchra" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pulchra">
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<emphasis id="A9A87631FAC11903C3978F670DEBD09F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polydora pulchra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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). The dorsal pigment pattern is also different in these two species: two pairs of melanophores are distinct in
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<taxonomicName id="6C80980160B4CB5330EA23932ACB6686" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. pulchra" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pulchra">
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<emphasis id="72A801EFBB9BF98FAADF61153CEBCDF3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. pulchra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, whereas the melanophore pair is ambiguous in
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<taxonomicName id="C3F4330687049E1F8669D8A3F8B63387" class="Polychaeta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. tsubaki" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tsubaki">
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<emphasis id="7A6CD22152BCCC41FD42353D526D2254" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. tsubaki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |