treatments-xml/data/28/E3/82/28E3827C67935913B4C53160B3733AB8.xml

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<mods:title id="216A8E8320166596B54026F46A8EA1B5">Scratching the tip of the iceberg: integrative taxonomy reveals 30 new species records of Microgastrinae (Braconidae) parasitoid wasps for Germany, including new Holarctic distributions</mods:title>
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<geoCoordinate id="0BBDDC2305FA977076CCA763D3FDE53E" degrees="10.457" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="10.457">10.457</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="499C52B0BB1D1A9CDD2BC7EF74E6B53E" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4799999999999995" unit="m" value="448.0">
<elevation id="065060CAD7AFFCF31B7CB2F270D466B2" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4799999999999995" unit="m" value="448.0">448 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, canopy fogging, 
<collectingDate id="F86BD1BA144452A80F504EB386695E0E" value="2021-05-29">29.v.2021</collectingDate>
, leg. 
<collectorName id="24530511F342472F459908EE500E6A2D">D. Rabl</collectorName>
, ZSM-HYM-42447-D08
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4BB159A539C01E3A4A8688FB26D8A5FA" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="E4179E7417FD04F1773C486804FA6416" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">Geographical distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="25696E72D6A423C79698D45A3957DF77" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">PAL.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="58FAA7363FE24B875AB5C6BF22C34F16" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">PAL- Czech Republic*, Germany*, Hungary, Russia (C, NW), Slovakia, Turkey, United Kingdom.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="81A0E222B72F030EF6C04826EBF1ACBD" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" type="molecular data">
<paragraph id="7774F7C29783BFF4A7034527579BCA52" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">Molecular data.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9704918CDE9F6A3955FABE38436A1F41" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">BINs: BOLD:ABV9098, BOLD:AEK2564.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="779B5F8833EE8AFB0C424745076A46C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" type="host">
<paragraph id="12BAE0CAD9E0A1BDF38279721BE8B732" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">Host information.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44F4EED160BA5ECFD6B92EC4FBF67159" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">
Host of type unknown; also 
<taxonomicName id="96B5651C024BECDD3498DCBA0F0846DC" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Noctuidae</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="E0CC6A940F9C586F2D298B9B8DF9B9D1" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Cosmia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cosmia trapezina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trapezina">
<emphasis id="BE2F04122D2651A0BAB4188F4EFBC0C5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">Cosmia trapezina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Linnaeus, 1758), 
<taxonomicName id="E6ADC0888ED545238C45F8F6A2DF2BCA" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Conistra" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Conistra vaccinii" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vaccinii">
<emphasis id="D0EDD263695C3A02F4AA5728D6C10631" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">Conistra vaccinii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Linnaeus, 1761), 
<taxonomicName id="C64194090D15FE8663CF660481A46B4B" authorityName="Hufnagel" authorityYear="1766" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Eupsilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eupsilia transversa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transversa">
<emphasis id="2BE7A03C98F246C760849A95E25D5ACA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">Eupsilia transversa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Hufnagel, 1766), 
<taxonomicName id="F8B16AB00361FC6E7CF753D7FC7739D6" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Orthosia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthosia cruda" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruda">
<emphasis id="93539B482E83BA1B9593DE9AA3B1EACC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">Orthosia cruda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Denis &amp; 
<normalizedToken id="7C73832C0A88B4D348CA129451B18960" originalValue="Schiffermüller">Schiffermueller</normalizedToken>
, 1775), 
<taxonomicName id="1F2575ABCC696ED03F019A5BEB2904FB" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Orthosia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthosia cerasi" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cerasi">
<emphasis id="C6EF6A798BE5DB161DB8FD1EF58DEA9E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">Orthosia cerasi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fabricius, 1775), 
<taxonomicName id="8A4510174CD394AFECE23250C6A481DA" authorityName="Treitschke" authorityYear="1825" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Rileyiana" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rileyiana fovea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fovea">
<emphasis id="E342E3227A3D416D68C65AE702E2B320" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">Rileyiana fovea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Treitschke, 1825).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8BDD5313130D3E1418E879546EF9CAF7" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" type="notes">
<paragraph id="AAC0725C2C93D0025BE88446E558D5AF" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="561EFB71AC3E1F5854C0351D74070548" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">
The morphology of our material (see Fig. 
<figureCitation id="F4C5C6BA09B7D13C04D03941CB802E5B" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Microplitis naenia Nixon, 1970, female (ZSM-HYM- 42447 - D 08) A lateral view B meso- and metasoma C wing. Length of the specimen: 3.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1188.112516.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/965652" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">41</figureCitation>
) matches the species described in 
<bibRefCitation id="5E9FDFAE9A4AE0F027FDED167E9B5CD2" author="Nixon, G" journalOrPublisher="Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="1 - 30" refId="B46" refString="Nixon, G, 1970. A revision of the N. W. European species of Microplitis Forster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology 25: 1 - 30" title="A revision of the N. W. European species of Microplitis Forster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History)." volume="25" year="1970">Nixon (1970)</bibRefCitation>
, as well as the keys in 
<bibRefCitation id="EAC51A84213CF69FA354BC95D8B1CB60" author="Papp, J" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Abhandlungen" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="95 - 140" refId="B68" refString="Papp, J, 1984b. Palaearctic species of Microgaster Latreille (= Microplitis Foerster) with description of seven new species (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae). Entomologische Abhandlungen 47: 95 - 140" title="Palaearctic species of Microgaster Latreille (= Microplitis Foerster) with description of seven new species (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae)." volume="47" year="1984 b">Papp (1984b)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="79BA055277413E7D3DEC9607CD19B6F6" author="Tobias, V" journalOrPublisher="Izvestiia Akademii nauk Moldavskoi SSR: seriia biologicheskikh i khimicheskikh nauk" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" refId="B114" refString="Tobias, V, 1986. Subfamily Microgasterinae. Key to the Insects of the European Part of the USSR III. 4. Insitute of Zoology, Academy of Sciences of the USSE, Leningrad, 605-815." title="Subfamily Microgasterinae. Key to the Insects of the European Part of the USSR III. 4. Insitute of Zoology, Academy of Sciences of the USSE, Leningrad, 605 - 815." year="1986">Tobias (1986)</bibRefCitation>
, and 
<bibRefCitation id="408E474F908E6569B2F4D11EEEAE9C0A" author="Kotenko, A" editor="Lelej, A" journalOrPublisher="Key to the Insects of Russia Far East. Dalnauka, Vladivostok" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="134 - 192" refId="B31" refString="Kotenko, A, 2007. Microgastrinae. In: Lelej, A, Ed., Neuropteroidea, Mecoptera, Hymenoptera. Key to the Insects of Russia Far East. Dalnauka, Vladivostok: 134 - 192" title="Microgastrinae." volumeTitle="Neuropteroidea, Mecoptera, Hymenoptera." year="2007">Kotenko (2007)</bibRefCitation>
. There are two BINs which we associate with this species. Our specimens show some intraspecific morphological variability, which matches what Nixon mentioned in the original description of the species. Specimens of both barcoding clusters parasitise the same host, 
<taxonomicName id="70906999C94F60294505A4596B869602" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Orthosia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthosia cruda" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruda">
<emphasis id="2FF57A07C96C1B7B660039E9C24E9AB7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">Orthosia cruda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from which two of 
<normalizedToken id="B74882F8279559DCE548B3D7B5624472" originalValue="Nixon’s">Nixon's</normalizedToken>
paratypes were reared. One specimen from BOLD:ABV9098 (BC- ZSM-HYM-23873-E06) was reared from this species, and we have metabarcoding data that strongly indicates that members of BOLD:AEK2564 parasitise the same host species. Metabarcoding of 22 individual caterpillars of 
<taxonomicName id="49E3F5FA989030F34F137F69C18CA064" lsidName="O. cruda" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" rank="species" species="cruda">
<emphasis id="901EE7F80B818070D0641352C17F8E4C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">O. cruda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resulted in more than 100 reads per caterpillar of sequences that match this BIN. With this information, we consider our specimens of both barcoding clusters to represent members of 
<taxonomicName id="808B12B8555861F0F6756F5417CBE99D" lsidName="M. naenia" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" rank="species" species="naenia">
<emphasis id="196A62402A3E2077427D825326B6D624" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">M. naenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. BIN BOLD:ABV9098 and BOLD:AEK2564 are separated by 1.71% p-distance and the species has an intraspecific variability of 2.63% (p-distance). The hosts associated with this wasp species were reported either by 
<bibRefCitation id="0780479CEC1303CCFEDA702AECCCD002" author="Nixon, G" journalOrPublisher="Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="1 - 30" refId="B46" refString="Nixon, G, 1970. A revision of the N. W. European species of Microplitis Forster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology 25: 1 - 30" title="A revision of the N. W. European species of Microplitis Forster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History)." volume="25" year="1970">Nixon (1970)</bibRefCitation>
, as part of the original description, or by 
<bibRefCitation id="97E50BF1A6E4059A2AA0DB5BA6096E90" author="Capek, M" journalOrPublisher="Entomologicke problemy" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="125 - 140" refId="B7" refString="Capek, M, 1972. [Verzeichnis der aus Schaedlingsinsekten erzogenen Parasiten. Teil V. - Die Brackwespen (Braconidae, Hymenoptera)]. Entomologicke problemy 10: 125 - 140" title="[Verzeichnis der aus Schaedlingsinsekten erzogenen Parasiten. Teil V. - Die Brackwespen (Braconidae, Hymenoptera)]." volume="10" year="1972">Capek (1972)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="2F982F9020171CA5FCBE4E175DAB5E59" author="Capek, M" journalOrPublisher="Entomologicke problemy" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="325 - 371" refId="B8" refString="Capek, M, Hladil, J, Sedivy, J, 1982. [Verzeichnis der aus verschiedenen Insekten erzogenen parasitschen Hymenopteren - Teil VI.]. Entomologicke problemy 17: 325 - 371" title="[Verzeichnis der aus verschiedenen Insekten erzogenen parasitschen Hymenopteren - Teil VI.]." volume="17" year="1982">Capek et al. (1982)</bibRefCitation>
; we consider both to be reliable because some of the material reported by 
<bibRefCitation id="F8818DDCF722087A886653425A257F95" author="Nixon, G" journalOrPublisher="Entomology" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" pagination="1 - 30" refId="B46" refString="Nixon, G, 1970. A revision of the N. W. European species of Microplitis Forster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology 25: 1 - 30" title="A revision of the N. W. European species of Microplitis Forster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History)." volume="25" year="1970">Nixon (1970)</bibRefCitation>
came from Capek. This species is illustrated in Fig. 
<figureCitation id="979C64DF2339C0EA91AE160B0D16B02C" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Microplitis naenia Nixon, 1970, female (ZSM-HYM- 42447 - D 08) A lateral view B meso- and metasoma C wing. Length of the specimen: 3.5 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1188.112516.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/965652" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">41</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="78D7E0BDD43A083F6D11BBB34F59C95B" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1188.112516.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/965652" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" start="Figure 41" startId="F41">
<paragraph id="F35C982734AB49DDA22E5D672144207A" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">
<emphasis id="5191A5ACBD038E3E0E738DC52D07F24A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">Figure 41.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A5EBFE9ED6ACB700E078B4085F1FE87C" authorityName="Nixon" authorityYear="1970" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Microplitis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microplitis naenia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="305" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="naenia">
<emphasis id="B1D5520BADC8B0368C2FD1D62E9D05AD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">Microplitis naenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Nixon, 1970, female (ZSM-HYM-42447-D08) 
<emphasis id="5B5B6471E6C93CA798F6DFD3D64E2BA5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">A</emphasis>
lateral view 
<emphasis id="2AA372B056C32B90B441396C9A533823" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">B</emphasis>
meso- and metasoma 
<emphasis id="E575ACC5AFB00D04861EBD3A1F3244BC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="305">C</emphasis>
wing. Length of the specimen: 3.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>